- . ' • • r : • • • • • • . . , • • , • ..• . • , "' • • 1 - - '"" - . - . , . - . „ p .;••• • I. • • • •• , • .. • .„ ••. • _ . • • • 4P . • • • , • . _ • 0, • • „. . „. , , • 41111 k. +11111:1 1 111".•' • - . ' . • GN • • •: • • . . • • ' , . . - • • • vaDraapavo t?, 3 n\ - 7 0 ... dilates fur political station, to carry out ion orsome oialt olthem, may d 'peod 21 our principles and effect . our objects', upon the action and' exertions of even let ns unite asone man inftheir sbrport, , this. association; at any rate it is the :and victory "must eventually erowit - ,?ur i - dutyuf every freeman, to seek that in. 7, . exertions. "l'is trae we may some- i formation that will enable. him to act ,here u • t h e dome where the gifted find : uses, times he deceived and cheated, but we I understandingly ; and then to act as r ' 't :the Mind ever wanders orer Intellect's 1 bia:* l'' '- lw sorrow or cafe overpressed, should not thereby become dishearten- i conscientiously As lion his ads depend t ed ; there was a Judas' .Iscariot among I the 'happiness and prosperity of the na ,,,vai the eagle, n o i rom m e t e d and free? 1 the disciples of our Savior, a Benedict.; tion. - t We know not, sir, what effect who 's' ,the home, where the-mind in its I Arnold in , the army of Washington, and i the formation'of this association and the t-. : . , va ,I we may mention as last, and least, and : discussion of inipbrtant questions by „,_rfryet known by a elood . nvereast, I Most deipicable, a -David IL Porter members, may have in arousing oth ,l, ose eising in-joy and in lightness, {anion; the Democracy ofPennsylvania ; -, ers to action, to form other associations, re ' wM•rest•l %viten ages are past ! nai'' il ; . . • •• • yet the Gospel of Christ prevailed— I nor how extensiveaud enduring may be w ay/ten the mind ba bright lonians i s 1 •;.T.; ,known? , the American colonies. became, •free ; its effects. '- , -- . Piler thews thin the Put it ba.lt ! and Pennsylvania will be disentbralled. -It will -be expected that I shall say: a, .1.1 the sue, either pippin. or waning, And thus it ever has beer, aid ever wilt something for the consideratiori) of the ol d him for ever his splendors_ are - be Where honesty and truth are' the ba- association "upon each of the subjects i u oTirs t - ~ , sis of action, and the happiness of man- named, expressi of - thi [From the Tribune.] The 'Tome of the. Gifted. ST %BS. J. NV, Itaacua. iielt our Country's 1401.1(1 banner is wa lla:v. [gave birth, A high o'er the soil that loa'd Freedom Iv %saves of the ocean are joyfully .laying r shores of our COuntry, the dearest of Earth I r 'math that sky whose imperial splendor nig graceltilly o'er bright Italia's fair 'lO [der, e orange and fig-tree grow gracefully glen where the Rhine onward unceasingly fl.m! N'here tike oak aid the myrtle are We r'.nr4[spa, brgncigfea for ever o'eibraieEnalonfee streams', rushing-onward, are joyfully Lind known alike to Oppresion and toil! the dark Shatnreck's green trees t•sliag. )- :nd der / ths Emerald Isle of ( the wave, ..loutsfor their cop ntry are ewer n; Srarts patriotic; the good a malls braire? . the dim glories of cities departed known nought fur ages but time and [hearted, ieeifs of th' valiait, the mod, noble; F = an :stied alike from time's recordi away I thew have known and the gifted have atti•he.l, .arala Mind's firmament ever have been; a still rolls onward, and dooms all to , • (and glen. liegilled soon pass from hived mountain ?a, tvhat rett, to abide there for ever, ;tre vikions of purity fade not away; maMinJ in its grandeur and beauty I r,:, never, ; (Intl:Ming know aught of decay. e is that rest? and will others ere (the brow ? Chose who Pave' intellect stamped on 15: it ii ours the blest gift to inherit, -pless brightly our visions its glories mho,. ucte . i3 that home I -By some fosm-eres- i• 4 IJUAIILI, fmtlarver.4 eve, blooming -know nought eh . the dark shade of some giant-like (wish sway' 121 k home where bright pleasures ne'er va ot ye if Earth hath a plans of abiding cre sorrow ne'er mingles with visions of 1,. ‘jne'er Liloty's bright sunlight 'thrlt shadows here Pleasure is mingled with nought of 121,. , . :3! not beneath yonder skies' brilliant !Ntre [the blest ; .a:faund fadeless homes for the pureand :now tnat the elitne where all blessings wlll , etuster Heaven, t h e borne where the gifted ftbd . ..-z OVAIDI, PL: tl?ess of J. L. Webb, "g(li irereZbep re s the 6; Dem . ocrale socialm ofSnifh . fi IC 15 E11111! SE QV EST OF TIES Ana C Vqlo e invitatio n to address you at -this r brat moving after the adopiion of. Consniution, was by me unsought, cced, and tetuctatitly ~ccepted : I cannot be insensible of‘ht huuor oy conferred, and. for it Bender. to EiY grateful acknowledgemerits.-. 'asuciation . is formed, Presi- . tut a noble purpose—the very 'luscribed :upon your banner, to - "Democracy " is synonymous the " rights of man," it is in itself ramee of equal privileges to the family. The objects of Your Eiou, are, to Obtain anfl diffuse, political information, and to con political action. In a goverti hke ours, where the sovqeignty ' 3 --where of right it beloOgs—in kOPle.; and where every voter is 41 .ttuent part of that sovereignty. a right, but a duty, of each Ttfor the accomplishment of thed! ,". A. concentration 'of effort is tae eirective. To meet an 4 in vietis,irkeeive and impartin uon, corujuces to the bringing of into possescon of t 'eful knowledge enjoyed by ail MY, tends to arouse a spirit .of 4.and call into action the latent !• of mind'. What then; tan be •ennobling, thin an assemblage t oluentd, to receive and impart 'dge, guided by the polar star of lie truth Let. our principles in honesty and justice ; let our h e the extension or knowledge P e rpetuation to "the latest ages , " I reentnelled rights of pan; and may be selected as eau- MI kind the citjeets sought. Iri the discharge our • duty as an as sOciation, we shall' be called upon to speak and act in reference to measures : those most immediately before us as ;'Pennsylvanians, and requiring speedy action, are' retrenchment, reform and the payment of our debts. that ' bears the name of a freeman. - of Penn sylvania, can sit undiatUrbed fora Ant>. I merit, while the Keystone is charged, I with any semblance of truth, with be , ing a - repudiating state ;? aye, or bank rupt? 'What Pennsylvanian does not feel the blush of shame tinon, his cheek, when toldihat the greAt . Commenwealth of which he is a . citizen, With . all. her we kith and resources, is either duntvill ing, or L unable topay:her debts ? I hope Mr. President, there is not one citizen j of this great state—certain I am, there ' is not one worthy of.,being such a citi zen, that will advocate the damning her,sy of repudiation: not one sir, but will say, lettreforin be extended to eve ry-public department; letretrenchment extend to every branch of expenditure, and let Pennsylvania redeem her plight ed faith; yet, let justice be done,.tho' the Heavens should fall. Our Own im mediate Representatives are men of the right stamp to aid in this praise-Worthy. _undertaking; men selected from the yeomanry •of the county-.--from the producing classes, men, who knoti the value of industry and economy— . men whose feelings and sympathies will be found on the side of their jiidg,. • anent a. 1,1 to tt e scale of justice ; snd I have no doubt fir, but their voices and their votes will be found en the side of Pennsylvania'? honor. Let as cheer them On'rn the•geod work; let them know that the people of. Bradford, and especially, .that -tve, - the democrats of Smithfield, ( for This is our . duty,) ivill use our Utmost exertions to sustain them In. sustaining the interest, the honor, and the justice of Pennsylvania. We shall be called upon in the course of the coming 'year - to vote for a chief ex ecutive magistrate ofthis State. ;From present indications, the choice of the democracy will fall upon the Hon. Hen ry A. 141uhlenburg, or the Hon. Francis R. Shunk—either of them, •Mr. Presi dent, as we have goOd • reason to be lieve,. may be relied on to exert the eminent' talents which all admit they ''respectively poetess, to redeem, and sustain the honor and. the interests of - the State and the people. They have both rendered eminent services to the state, and have. hitherto been found faithful; and either of them placed in the Executive chair. ,would, represent ' the majestic and. magnanimous Charac ter of the . Lion, ccimpared with- the treucherous, cunning, pilfering, fox 7 like character of the . present incumbent.— And ,whetber the choice of the conven tion 'of delegateS„ Met to - Select a candi date for. that' honorable station falls up on etther of the gentleafeit already nam ed, 'or any other of like 'diameter. it will, be our duty sir, to yield an undivided support to that candidate for'the sake of our-principles, and •, - the state. Other and grave questions of a National -char acter will be presented for our consid eration And discussion, in - reference to which we shall be called upon to act: Perhaps among them the following may be- considered preentinent :—.. - The. .Taritt," the "current-v," the oidistri-- bution of . the proceeds of the 'public, lands," and tlae ..'abnitionef slavery.'" These are subjects which will be dis. _cussed before the people ; they are sub jects which will .be made the pivot of action bk i many, - therefore- are proper subjects of investtgation and discussion. Let it not be said that .because we are but a handful vf people. and Mir resi dence re - Mote from the seat of Govern ment,' that our deliberations and our ac tions,are of no weight iii prepondera-. Ling the great scale - of - decision in na-• tional matters ; no . but' leOts re flect- thatthe great Miss votes 'which make Up. a decision upon any of - these questions, arc composed of units.; and we know. Mallow decidedly,. the decis [of decay 1 Regardless of Denunelation,from any. Quarter.,--Gov. Pornis, *. 910VirgyrDk..9 1131:24,111 , 7011BM 00ZWIFirst - inai IMIEBTAYLEIIs 13119 Ilatrfick ay.. my views there on. Much has been spoken and writ ten, and many charges, criminationt, and recriminations have been made, and and there has been ,much instability of action on the subject of a tariff, The , extremes of opinion on this subject ; are, 114 a high protective tariff" on the one side ; and free trade" or no tariff on the other. A middle course, and one which seems to have received the as sent of reflecting men of 'alt parties, is, a tariff for .revenue, so adjusted in its application, as to afford incidental pro tection to the domestic manufacturers of thtise articles which enter into the daily consumption of the people ; the raw material of which - is, the growth or produce of our own country. A tariff might be so high as to amount to a pro hibition of importation of the foreign article at all : this, it will be seen, would afford no revenue ; and it is thought by some. would exclude whole some competition, and enable our manu facturers to tax us to the extent of their Pleasure or cupidity, for the necessa ries of life. Others think that a saluta -ry competition would 'immediately arise between our own manufactories, which would reduce the prices to the lowest possible standard, and render us entirely independent 'of Europe for all throe articles of which the raw material is producedfin our own country. What the precise result of such a Measure would be, 'sin some measure left to , conjecture, and could only be definitely knoWn by the test of experience. There are probably butifew who ad vocate the doctrine of a tariff lie high, as to amount to. prohibition ; and yet -there is - difficulty, at least in my mind. .in fixing upon the preci to standard of a tariff which will afford protection, and not ultimately amount to prohibition.— If American goods are cheapest, pur- Chatiers will prefer them, andif there is a full supply, foreign goods will remain unsold ; if not sold, no more will be imported- such is the inevitable laws of trade. It is contended, however, by the advocates of a high protective tariff, that its results, are to make goods cheap er, but how that can be, I confess I can not discover. If American manufac turers can afford goods cheaper than Europeans ccula do if there was no tariff, it would meal that Americans neetW no tariff to enable them to do "so. It is urged, however, that American manufacturers need protection while their establishthents are in infancy, "Which is not-necessary after they have acquired experience, and their works are in successful operation; this may be true, and if so, is an argument in fo l . vor of a- temporary tariff, and is also an argument fer its repeal, after our own manufacturers have become experienced in their business; ai in that case it must either become inoperative, or aid the manofacturers, to impose an unwar rantable burthen upon the people. The foregoing remarks must 'be understood as applicable to those species of goods, alobe, which the people of the United States have the means of producing by being is possession of the. raw material independent of other nations. That a tariff produces an increase of. price on 'those article's *filch are the sole _pro duction or growth of foreign countries, is, I believe, 'universally admitted, and cannot but . , believe, Mr. President, that the general tendency of the laying of imports andduires,. is to increase the price of article' upon which they are laid, and also of similar articles the growth or production of Or own coun try; That the increased price, is paid by the Consumer, is incontrovertible.— Whether it is better, for theeountry at large, that prices should be co ingreaeed under all the attendant circumstances. is the grave question to be decided. The advocates of free, trade insist that the layineof imports is an 'arbitrary in terference with' the lay rti: of „trade and Ahe rights of the 'people, who ought to be left free to purchase as cheap as they can; untrambelled by legislation—that the effect of taxing :the Accessories of life, 'is to draw. as much' revenue from. the pohr, as from the wealthy; thereby imposing the burthens of government unequally, in proportion to thh ability to pay. and the protection afforded by the government to the *pert) , of its citizens, ,Were we, Mr. President, 'called upen r io act merely as -members of the human family _ and citizens of the world, and about tbl.commencii legisla tion in reference to the whide, the doc trine of free tride e is that which would commend itself to common sense, com mon honesty, and .the rights of is that doctrine of all otheri which would leave men . tnpurtiue happiness in tile paths of their own 'choice. Bali as it is, we must act wnh reference to surrounding circumstances. There are i so ; many questiOns that Ipresent them eelves in the inveitigation i this sub ject, so multifarious'are,itshearings up on the interest of community; that for myself, sir. I ireely confess!, I have ma• ny times doubtectas to the course pro. per Co be,porsued in relation thereto by our government, so as beet to promote the interest and happiness. of the peo pie. My present views with the rea sons upon which they are based, may be found in the foll Owing synopsis.- 'We are emphatically an Agricultural people. Foreign corn-laws measurably shut out our surplus produce from mar kets abroad. We have means of manu facturing most of the necessaries of life within our own .borders. The eipen see of government must be paid. Di rect taxation. fbr the support of govern 'pent has always been deemed objec -tionable. The , constitution authorises Congress Wray duties and imports and and a tariff, for revenue is as little ob jectionable to the people as any other mode of raising it. By laying imposts in such a manner as to afford incidental protection to the manufacturers of the necessaries of life, the nymber of producers of those articles is increased, agricultural labor is lessened to the same extent, a home market is produc ed for our surplus produce, and the ten dency of the , whole is to turn the bal ance of trade between the United States and foreign countries in favor of the former. Therefore a tariff sufficiently high to raise revenue forffte support or government, adjusted in such a manner as to affordiincidental protection to do mestic manufacturers of articles of ne cessity, moderate upon such articles as ;enter into general,use. and are not of the growth or produce of our own country. and high upon such .articles of luxury and- 'show as are used only by the wealthy, and are not grown or produced here, is the true policy to be adopted by the government of - the ted States, and should he stable and en during:, fluctuations in a matter so nearly allied to the intereeta of the peo ple, are destructive and-ruinons. This subject, in all its bearings, will be open for discussion by the members of this ' association, and here I leave it. The questiOn of currency is the next in or der, which calla for °lir consideration : a vexed question, and one of abiding importance. Much as this question has been agitated, and notwithstanding the many •hobbies it has furnished for politicians to speed their way to power upon, yet there is a perfect agree ment among all reflecting and candid men as to what is needed. The diffi culty of arriving at it, produces thadis cordancy. A currency perfectly sound of uniform value throughout the United States, so placed that the government could not use it to buy patronage, nor individuals to engender a spirit of , reckless speculation, adapted in quart- tity to the legitimate business of the country, always accossib!e • for prudent purposes, and for nothing else, is just such a currency as all prudent men agree that we need. How is a curren cy thus sound, uniform and guarded, to be obtained? And , what is the duty of the government in: relation to the cur rency ? , Upon both these questions there is a great diversity of,opinion.— The constitution invests Congress with power "-to coin 'Money. to regulate the value thereof, and of foreign _coin." It is contended on the one hand, that these ,speCific powers, -together wide the power to collect and dishurse the: governinent - revenues in the constitu tional coin. are the extent of the poor- , ereand duties of the government. On the other hand it is contended,. that as congress has - power to " regulate com merce" and " provide for the general' welfaret" and as hothof these - require a currency, it'is therefore the duty of congress to provide one, and that it hag full'power to create a .Bank, or emit other paper, issue's, to any needed ex tent. I • 1 The con - attritional dower dean; to create!' bank. has.beep 'double, many able men both r in and out o . J gress ever since that instrument was adopted. The decision of the Supreme court ,of. the, United States, which de clared such a 'bank constitutional, was to say the least, a rather circuitous mode of arriving at that cenclusion.i It was in substance, that as congressis , by the constitution empowered to" make -all laws necessary and proper" for carry into effect the 1 specific . - powers vested in the governart of the United States; therelore e if cengrees deemed a Bank necessary to aid in carrying into effect the vested powers, then such bank was constitutional. Congress being. the sole judges of its necessity. It is not our business to'quarrel, With' judicial decis ions, when made by the proper gritty nal—they must be submitted ' ,to;- but I confess, that if the reasoning of the Su preine court o n ‘ that subject be sound, I do not see what power can be withheld from congress; should they declare they deem its exercise necessary under the clause of the constitution referred to. Experience; has taught us, that the system of Banking. heretofore, and still existing,Titi this country, whether devel oped by national or state institutions. is neither more nor lean than a legalized system of gambling and swindling.— The losses sustained by the people, by means of the defalcation of Banks, have 'been enormous ; millions on millions have beellowrimg from the hadvarnings of the poor by means of their delinquen cy. Let any intelligent man who has not turned his attention to the subject, examine the list of hundreds of broken and suspended banks, within the last twenty-five years, and the millions of their outstanding issues, and he will be astounded at their number and amount, 'and' he will with •difficulty persuade himaellf, that great and intelligent men Who are faniiliar.with all these doings. can still the advocates of so rotten, so . corrupting, and so debasing a sya. tem. Nothing, Mr. President, nothing but the great-agricultural resources and universal industry of this country' ~and its citizens, could have borne up against the continued stream of swindling and robbery which has . flowed -from these Institutions. But bow are these evils to be remedied without a return to a 1 specikeurrency ? Some seem to think there is no other remedy. and therefore advocate a metalic currency. alone, (al , though I believe the number is few.)— Others seem to suppose there can be no efficient remedy, and therefore advo cate the old swindling system. and amidst the dispeters attendant upon it, 'their` motto is. „ let every man take care of himself." This might do sir, if overtaken ;by.a troop of highwaymen, but with legalized institutions, it is real ly too debasing. It is a financiataxiotn that .. the price of property depends up on the amount of currency in circula tion ;" the price however increasing or diminishing as the particular species of property becomes plenty or ecaree, or in other words is measurably dependent on demand and supply. If there were no debts it would be comparatively of little consequence ,what amount of cur ,rency- was in circulation. or what the price of prop erty; it is Are expansion and contraction of amount of circulating medium alai' worlts the evil. He . who 'sells hie property on credit, when mo ney is plenty and prices' high,. and col i'lects hissdehts when money is scarce 1 1 and pricesi , low. becomes rich by the 1 operation ; While he who - runs in debt I when prices are high, and is nompelled to pay when prices are low, grow poor or is ' ruined. - 'therefore a, uniform amount of currency in proportion to the , business of the . coun try , is , the only -,re -1 medy for the evils which the people are suffering; . from the fluctuations to which they have been subjected. and the on ly means of preventing their, frequent recurrence. .To return to a specie cur rency alone, while the people ate, so generally in debt as they, now are, would be ruinous to millions,': To continue the rotten system of banking, will be to l'bring.-a frequent repetition; of the evils which we are sufferini, and the last state of our financialk condition will tie worse than the first. -The "_system of Banking under the autiiiitity of the states, is at war with the idea ofa curren cy of uniform value throngbont the Uni ted States,..and in my opinion prohibits the mites from iisuin&Bille of .cre dit " and by what ineansjheisitite legis. latures possess - .the'right la authorize others 16, do, whatthe states them selves are prohOted ,frOm doing, 1 I. could never discbier. _ We nitult.hoWever submit to the pow. ers that_be, and bow with deference ,to deeisiorra ,l authori)ively Made. ~The safety of a national instittifion". too Serve as a regulation of the,tate institutions; to restrain their issues &e.; is refitted in its own theory as it has proved shoe. gym d con- MEI MEM tr.lq 11049DUKV94 01;6 in, practice. ; :Hundreds of. state Banks have gone , down spreading diStress and ruin , among thehOlclers of their Worthless promises, during the most: palmy . days of the United States Bank. Besides if the state in:, stitutions' were sound, well reatficied, and well managed, what need 'ora ragulatior If they were not thus sOund, restricted, and;managed; what e!idenee' have we that a larger institu ter, established upon the same princi ples would be!' Sad experien'ce, has . ' taught us the fallack,of thus believing. - 180 long as the diversified views of statesmen, now entertained, continue to exist, - and politicians deem it for their interest to keep up an eieitement upon the subject of the currency. it is to be feared that no remedy for existing evils will be established. Waiving the•Con iffilutional objection. that, "Congress havi no right to establish a paper cur rency," and admitting. their duty' 113 f provide one; and it appears to me that a system accomplishing all the objectie designed, and remedying all the grim. ances complained of would be easy; Simple and abiding. Admitting the constitutional objection above referred to p ; and admitting that. the. States pos sess the power , of authorising a paper circulating medium. arika system equal ly simple and efficatious Might fbe adopted with the single ekception, ( that it would not be so uniform-in Taint throughout the United Stains in conse- quence of its local character. I .do not' suppose; sir. that either systethe will eien be tbOught of beyond the bounds of this assoctatiOn, nor have I time,- or room, to exhibit them • now, even in their general features ; but it is my intention irpermissiOn be granted . to introduce both into this association at some future : / day. for consideration and discussion. I have been so prolix Upon 'both the preceding subjecti, that a few words upon the two remain ing ones, must suffice. The distribu tion of the proceeds of the public lands among 'the states, appears to me to be impolitic, unwise, and uselessly eiStpen— sive. It is generally admitted by re-, fleeting men, that reveenue sufficient for the econoniical administration of the government4 l should alone be col kited. To con c oct at alarge expense the proceeds of , land sales, and• after they are collected to distribute, them - among the states, and again to 'collect From the-people with attendant expens es a sum sufficient to fill the vacuum caused by the distribution, semis to be .an expensive folly. jThe argument that the public domain belongs to the people; and that there fore, the proceeds thereoT should be di- Lvided among them is more captivating than sound : so does all the property of the nation both public - and private belong to the people, and to distribute a certain portion of their dtvn among them ; and then to tax them to a lik* amount with the addition of costs for the purpose of replenishing the Treasu ry from whichit was taken, and when done to tell them they have had a kir:d am done them in ,the operation; is not very, flattering to their intelligence. ' The subject of the ' , Abolition of sla very" hai.produCed some excitement, and likely to produce more. Slavery is a foul blot on our national character; the institution however is-domestic in its nature, and politically belongs to the -states in which it is upheld. We of Pennsylvania have no more right to meddle with slavery in • Maryland, Georgia, than' we have in any forflg,n state or colony.' The Slaves are ,poor • degraded set of beings ; would tckGod. they were free and happy. The evil of Slavery .existed when these states became free from a foreign yoke; hot* to get rid of it without producing greater evil, is a question which the wisest statesmen have !not been able to answer. And it would' be well' for those who - are - agitating 'the question in the free states, to consider well .whether their.exertions are calculated to ameli orate- the condition ofthe slaves or tend to their li' eration. A . few Words upon the subject of the approaching Presidett .tial election, and I have done: number of distinguished gentle. men have ,been named by their particu lar friends, as candidate', of the' demo cratic, party, for that high and hon orable' station : each of-them. pease!. sing eminent • qualities commending' thent to our sitfirages. A National, Convention' will designate that individ ual, which IN moil acceptable •to a ma jority ; when that selection :is, made. it Will be our ditty , to lay .aside:, all . per sonal preerences, and with Detnqe racy, truth and - eqtral rights" for °O• - melte, to proeeed with one woke, and one united effort, to 'redeem our country from- misrule. ER ~,;a:,_~ i:' ,'; ,: OM lEEE EPOo"
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