THE PORTER. 111 JO E. 8. GOODRICH, .?„ E pr io n ,. GEO. SANPERSON, y Wednesday, December 20,1843, PreSident in 1814, COL. RICHARD M. JOHNSON, AF. KENTUCKY. .tubject to aecigioa of a Notional Convention:) Operation of the-present Tariff. "What's iii a name?" is an old say ing,"and One_which"Alrejectors of 'a . tariff must have welceimsidered, before they "gave \ the name of “protective tariff," to laws building up the rich, and depressing - Pie poor. There is 'some thingin this_name it least which at . first pteposiesses the catual reader and observer in its favor. The idea of los . tering and encouraging home manafac 'tures, of being' dependent on ho foreign country, is a patriotic and 'An3eitean feeling, and those Who do not,- trace cause and effect are very apt to fall' in with that unjust and oppressive meas ure, a highprotectiv e tariff, as being most like - Li :to-effect -this. , They look upon it merely as an enactment which shall shut out all foreign commodities, and supply their place with articles of home manufactures -' But in doing this they do not reflect that 'the duty must be paid by the cons ming class of com munity, who arc pri, cipally., the ones least able to 'pay it, and that it goes to build up the- wealthy "capitalists and - tionopolists of the laud. Whom dpes . it protect? Does it cheapen the ne cessaries Which 'the- laboitng man is obliged to *these for the subsistence of his family: We all know that the preseat tariff has increased the price of thoie articles and left his wages as 107 or toter than formerly: Is there a persim irt`Bradford County who could be directly or indirectly benefitted by a high - protective tariff? If there is, then he is a stTekholder in some manufac turing monopoly, and the remainder of ; - ts.nr citizens must pay him tribute. s Wi 'have nefears for our manufactures; they are iimiy established and able to compete with any foreign manufac tures without Legislative interference. They will always' accommodate them; selves to . the wants of a nation, and any other foundAtion . except such ne ' cessities must be =certain and hazard 7 OEM, "KO ucing a deleterious and de ranged at to of(rmmercial and pecu _niary affairs, diverting the channels of trade from their proper and steady. course, and directing industry and cap ital lo \an object which cannot be other wise-Tho ruous. But we shall take occasiotr to reoew this subject again, as_nur prisent purpose was to intro duce to our readers the following article from the Philadelphia ; Ledger„ a paper neutral in polities.' It- is well, worth the attention of those . who - regard the general good of our citizens, ishowing as it does in faithful terms, the practical operation of the present taiiff. ' ' , The more we look at a protective tariff the more are we dissatisfied with its unjust • and arbitrary\ operation.-- The natural effect of every tariff is to - raise the • price of every article, on svhich a duty ia imposed, to a sum equal to the free trade price , and the duty., • This, is rjainta every observer, and if this has not been the case under the present tariff. no persons hare been more disappointed than thole who were rumental in imposing it. It 'was what they esigned to accomplish 'by the law, an promised to do. If ,this result hart t been effected on every (.., article, i is because some distirictinflu ence has , been' In operatiOn to prevent it; such I n , a glut in the m'arket,searcit y among o f mon e y . . or great indebtedness among consume , So soon as the casual in fluences ara•reruoved, and the present tariff has the full 'effect for which it was designed, - we shall see the ,change in prier* and feel , the soreness of the burden which it iniposes. - To know the true nature of the tariff. every sound mind would judge of it according i to its natural operation ,unaffected by tern pora ry causes. But this raising of the prices of articles to the amount of the duty is trot ell it does. The wholesale and the retail dealer each exact a profit on : the duty itself is adianced by them, the one about twe ty per ' cent, and the other about. thirty three per et. This increases the dut more than , half its amount by the time it reaches the con sumer. Suppole the cost ora dozen 'platesimported frciut" abroad to be , when reac hthe collector of duties, -forty-four cents. ,He exacts , for them a duty :off - thirteen and one fifth cents, ;Aids raises the cost 'to the 'importer to fifty-seven and one,cfifth cents. Up on this•csAt the . importer charges the FE retailer an advance—not on thesimple free trade cost but on: the, duty also 'of about twenty percent, which makes the price-to the retailer a fraction above sixty-eight cents; on this ,cost:the re tailer charges the consumer in advance of some thirty-three and a third Per cent, which makes the cost to the consrimer ninety-one cents. it will be seen that throughall, the hands to' the consumer; ~the per cantage of profit is i countd as pi well on the duty as on the( Ire trade' e cost of the' article. ' . The nate a(l price of the ,article of plates, above instanced. without duty, would have been about seventy-one - cents a dozen --allowing to the Importer and the 'retailer aft the profits above set _down. viz: 20 per gent. to the former, and 331 to the lat ter. Thus is twenty cents drawn from the consumer on the very common ar ticle of a dozen plates, on the score of the tarif f , whjle at the same time he is led to believe from the face (Attie trans- action that he pays but thirteen centa. If the natural priceof pins or needles, to the 'wife-of the firmer and laborer, including the profits of the merchants. Was sixty:four cents per pound, und er', , the.operation ol the present tariff the I cost would be,, if the article could be I imported,. ninety-six cents for ;he pound. If the article could not be im ported, then the home inanufaNrera would raise the price to the . bursar possible limit short of the cest oftrnpor lotion under the duty. And this is the coupe with all the articles shut out hy the tariff." i , We yesterday instanced dig article Of plates for' the purpose of of illustia- , _, Ling the fact that our ,present tariff was fifty per cent. more enormous to con sumers than they were led to , believe from the face of the law, inasmuch as the wholesale and retail dealer each exacted a profit on - the duty as well as on the free trade cost ,of the imported article. We now purpose to give a 'more striking illustration, and to follow one of the most important article of 1 domestic 'tact, through gill the steps to the consutner. The common calico, which is titled, more or less, by 'half tie femalei in the country can be brought to the Custom House for about eight Cents.* yard. The first duty of `the collector, under this tariff, is then to consider each yard as costing thirty cents. For each yard then lie ex'act a 's duty of-thirty per cent. This duty is nine cents. Add to it the actual cot Of eight cents, and the cost to the im porter, thus far, is seventeen cents.— On this-he charges a profit of abotit twenty per cent., which makes the price to theietail merchant (not con sidering the twenty cents a yard. On this the retail merchant charges a profit of about thirty-three and a third per cent., and the article goes into the hands of the . coesumer at a cost,of twenty-seven cents - a yard.— The natural price, with fair profits to the merchant, would have been eleven cents a yard. Let us fullOw/this a lit,- de farther. Eight to ten yards are ne, cessary' for the dress - of a female. Un der the operation of the tariff. eight yards would cost two dollars and six teen cents ; under free trade - an% fair profits, eight yards would cost, ighty eight cents. The trimmings-- aez the making of the dress are to be added before the calico is of any use. There aresome millions of females in this country who labor for wages, and whose wages are -one and two dollars a week. ' It would require the labor of such persons for - three or four weeks to obtain the cheapest calico dress. To go further, loot at,the article of urn brellas, (and wile-is so-poor ai to be without at least one?) there is a duty on the coveting, whether of silk or cotton; PIOMI another on- thi. stick. another on the horn tit)s, another on the heads, anoth- er on the stretcher, another on.the run ners, another on the wire,another on the whalebone; and, as if these , were not sufficient,. although prohibitory, there is ajistinct dutkon the frames ;" and, to cap the whole v Ad thus exclude every vest* of the foreign article, thire is yet a separate duty ort the mmbrelia.— And yet we hear that the,preser4 duty _ . is not oppfes REPORT 0' NARY OF Wes.—The 1 stains the report of Jam Secretary of _War. We gleaWl3ffib following information telative to the army. The regular army consists ' of 716 commis sioned officers, 17 inilitary store keep. I. env, and 7..090 enlisted _men, (which embraces non-commissioned officers; musicians and, priVates of dragoons. artillery, infantry and ritlemer,) 40 sergeants and 250 enlisted men re. nance. making an aggregate 0f)8,613. - "THE EXPOSITOR"—Is the : me of a, nevi paper printed by A. C. Fer.- LER, at Hinsdale, Cattaraugus Co. Y. in quarto• form, at 51 50 per Yeas.— It is .designed to‘ilinstrate the princi plelof the Mantle! Laboring School, established at that place: . ADvtirruoso.—A cotem porary makes the following sensible remark:-4 A man's advertis' ement well circulated newspaper, is a locomotive sign board that, travels about and is seen by thou- . sands weekly. MOrc.hantS and business men should remember this." M Sight side of the Question. , The .whigs -are asserting wi th more than.usual confidence that they have the ht side of the question. The Argil's asserts it more than once in the lain Mun i ber;and 'therefore encourages the hope of an easy victory. Now if the whits with similar assurance should assert 'that they were on all sides of the catcall n, the history of their patty would sus ain it. They have been' \ distinguished •by some -dozen 'or rnoe names, and have sailed under as m aiy piratical flags.-- Were they ou, the right side of the-ii.ties / tion in 1798. when they sustained the i Elder Adams wit his alien and sedition and gag laws in st) osition to Tho mas Jefferson ? _were 'they on the tight side in opposing the election of James Matfilon ?- were they on the\ ri,ght side, when opposing the declaration of the last war, and congratulating the British on every occasion -of their success? Were \ • ' they on the right side when by a corrupi bargain and sale with Henry Clay, they succeeded, in defeatingl Genjackson 24, electing John Q. Adams ? were they on the tight side when by this coa lition they attempted to defeat General .Jackson the second. time ? how have Ithe people always decided this matter ?-'-- I again and again have they been called to aCtipon it, and yet'notwithstanding, the history of our country stamps the asser tion al\farse, they still re-assert, the same thing. \ The whits may say they are right no\v„ because they are for a protective tariff`and a national bank.— Were they right in\lB2B when they re pudiated a proteetive`tariff, if not, what makes theni right now. \What is meant when the' Whigs say they are on the right is, that they are sonerAtivly„that they are on every side, that is not the trong side: For example in this latitude‘ they are for a protective tariff, in the middle and a portion of the southern states they arJ for individual protection by way of discriminating duties. In the ,north they are abolitionists, in the south anti abolitionists ; they .have indeed a set of opinions for every , latitude, thus making sure to be on the right side of the ques. lion. MAIL ROBBERY.--The mail _bag from the Albany office,. for New' York, was stolen from. the Post-coch or the.coach office at Hudson, on Tuesday last, rifled of many of its valuable contents,- and thrown into the river, where it was found by the Captain of the Steamboat Utica. Of the. -- aniimut of money staled it is im possible as yet to form any 'conjecture. The post master at..4.. , 1,bany states that the way-bill, was .a very heavy one, and that there' were drafts to t i be amount of sixty or seventy thousand dollars in the mail; the payment of which will of course be stopped, but the recovery of the money is another.thing.'s ALAMO/A.—The Democrats of this State manifest the right spirit in refer ence to the next Piesidency. ,Meeting. have been held in various parti, and all resolve to go for the nominee of a Na- bona( CooVention. - W hen IT. Cal houn' rriends were the most numerous, resolutions w ere passed in favor of sus .aining Mr. Van Buren, if nominated; en 41r. ran 13) - ren's friends the' majorily,in' favor of sup- Calhoun. we re i porti NEw YORK.—The New ' ork Her a_whig paper, in sneaking of the result of the New York election, says, that it is satisfied that public opinion is against Clay, Higtt 'tariff, and Nation al Bank, and in P4 i vor of Martin Van Buren and Democratic Measures. The majority in the popufar vote for the De mocrats is 21, 487 Accinkyr.—A highly esteemed and promising young man, named Conrad Rumage, Jr.4was accidentally wounded so seveiely the discharge of his own gun, while hunting on the mountaid, a few miles to the south of „Wilkesbarre, Pa., on Thursday ,last,, as to cause his death the,, following morning. FOUND.—The money and 4tes lost by C. p.tmn. Esq., at the fire at Mr. Post's houSe on court week, u:ere found thit morning (Tuesday) among the rubbish I carriediiut 'of the room = after the fire wai.subdued. ~.... , - NoTA BADS.Nretrft-r-John W. Jones ‘ late 's entenced to - the Kentucky peni tenti y for living with tWo wises, gives us hi s Ne uss that when he had one she &night him ;, brit when got' two they fought each.other. , - , , . i - .. 'Mn. RE.Ab Witt accept *our tbanki for .. --- ~ - ) , Congressiona i l GOCURnI,3. _ . lik -1 • . ! .• j , -: ', • . The Bight et Petition. Henry Clay is making use of his cnn! rang and craft to !secure die abolition vote. He is deter Mined, if possible by any as sarance, he eau give, to flatter arid coax the abol;ionists into' his support. Mr. arland, in a recent speech, made atpbek rl ri, Ohio, reek : a letter from Mr. Clay, hi hly lauditory . of Mr. garland and his 1 hors in the cause of the, aboli tionists. T. 11,9 `people at Oberlin were not to be , oaped in this way, and some of them hive come out against him:.. l ai The li Ilford Argui is - piping the' ,same tune, ' .. though it attempts to make 1 capital in ak other way. In its minutes of the proc4edinis of Congress they say that when the question was.taken on the itst rule ..affecting the right of petition." the Whigs ALL voted for it and those who voted against it are ALL locofocos. Inti mating thereby that the Whigs are in fa vor:vf the right of petition and the ye j mocrats are all against. It is by ,thiS kind of misrepresentation and falsehoo that‘the.whigs succeed, if they succee at ail. The true history of this matter i ? is this. The 21st rule as it is called, . one of the:rules formerly adopted for th government of the house, , by the ege - Lions of John QUincy Adams, and f r the special , benefit of'the abotittonists. Before it was tescb7ided, Congress w flooded with abolition petitions, by whi the business of the house was ret a rd and much Ines of time. It was fina decided that - Congress had no s right"to e ceive petitions which jeopardised thetin ion, and that they could not meddle wth the institutions of any of the states, a d so the rule was repeated. . Ever sine this, Kr. Adams, who lis the leader o the abolitionists in Congress, rule - when Congres is 1 1 offers the .2,lst. about OT pizing. The vote on the q es tion S - how hoegreat favor the abcilitibn ists : meet c ith -in cengreSs. As usnal the 21st rule was reeently propn i sed again ; as usual the deaiocrats vcited 1 against it ; but what has been unuival, the whigs, nearly all of theM voted foriQ I and the Argus upon this, domes out and\l says ALL the locofoco delegation ; Pennsylvania voted against the 401 petition. The true version of thiis is, that the Whigs if they can gull the aboli tionists or hood-wink the'm to vo+ for Henry Clay.they will do it; the aboli tionists have ever accused us of vOting against the right of petitiOn, because our members vote against the 21st ruk.l— now the whips ac use us of the ame thing. Stnyely they are determined to be on the right side of the cinestion. • FMB AT MONTROSE.--Me learn he Montrose papers, 4 , that the • sive Tannery or Mr. William Fos Se west side of r that c'illage, took ion last before duals., and the build., containing ;much raluab chinery and stock in 'the works, tirely consumed in a short time. strenuous 'exertions of the citizets, the east wing of the building, containing_ the team Engine, Boilers, &c., vval saved —also z an old, building on th'e oth r side, a few feet distant, containing 4 large quantity of bark. 'As Mr. Foster was not insured, his loss must be scivere— probably amounting to sl'ooo, or 1!1200. ANOTHER A.t.mosT.--On Tuesday night the dwelling of S. ;Hatch esq., Was dis covered to he on fire, in the front chain. ber, it having Caught the clothes hangiag in the room. 1 ForiAmately . it was disco c„ vered in time !and has xtinguished after doing some damage. l 1 TRIAL FOR Ni#ILDER.--The trial of Mrs. Elizabeth Tbrperting, for the Mur der of her husbaid, occupied tearly the whole of we 4 before last; before Judge Moaell, at gh2gateton, N. Y I . She was acqpioid by the Jury. The . ver dict was " cheered, by :the large assem blage. f 5.) As A uurruAnt .luaus.--Jutige Matt ing. at St. Lotlitii, atmck thit ;names of a Jury from the pannet .hecause they (nought in 4 vtitclict contrary to his instructions. Wtscoitz.,.—it is said E 70,000 imi grints har'il readied Wiseonson this y . by way of the .14kes, and the nUmber• has been itiereasid to 120,000,by emi gration through other routes, •Tttualow WE`a v, of the 4 lay (Eve ning Journal, tas,returned from his tour thro "gh Europe, and,.resum e d his editcr rial-it'l s• " ' 11 HON. M. Jows ' sos hail moaned to his residence at White.Sulphur„Springs, Scott co., IretitlickY; H. cioss is ~n ounced one, of the ediffiiiiorthe 4 , Montrose S r." ` 4 " Oksdr • . . Foßoßev.-:-I`he Elmira = Gaiette aye " t hata on Saturday evening 'hist, a certificate of deposits for $lOOO, “payable to the order Of L. AV. Baker,” purporting to have been issued' by the Chemung Canal Bank, was received by the Bank by mail, from a broker in Buffalo. The certificate is supp Oiled ( to have been cashed-by. The Bioker, and as it is forged. he will be the loser of all he paid for it, which amount is yet unknown here. \Circumstaaces render it certain that the forgery was tbe :ti.ork of a journeyman prinpr, •vained Sanauel Goldsmii#, (with a host of alai ses) who was' employed in this ogee, a few weeks in September and . October, and went' to Buialo about the i Oth dr November. A(4 days before he left here, a lot of-blank, ificatee were printed for the Bank; at th 4x office, from, Which he is supposed io have par , loined a dumber, he having f l One .the printing himself, and one ci , which' it . 1 would seem , he has filled ; ou t with •an amount to suit himself, -sand very prob ably obtained, with the exception of a reasonable discount, the 'full amount for which - it was drawn. • -• in which he :prepared hi for the forgery, bespeaks disciple of Monroe Edwa hope to see him meet the but we fear he has fled before,the forgery was de TUE CALATHUMPIANS: lawless detsperadoes, cot the above name, and sw the mischief possible, an one 'another out of the lately convicted in Co lin and five' of their number the Penitentiary. They! to the neighborhood, de property, stealing bee-hi notice in the Columbia marriage of one of_ their) jail of the county the 'k his depprture to the Pen STEAMBOAT EXPLOSIO .--The Pius burg Chronicle of Frida3, week contains the particulars of a diStr i ssing accident .which occurred at Freeport on the •Alleghany- river, on the.. Steambpat Warren. T,he acciden appened on Wednesday evening, ju4t •) s the Warren was backing out from Freeport. She' either collapsed hit- fiu4s or her boilers exploded, it is UM known which, and bf eighteen or twenty on board, twelve , are badly scalded ; some of them, four or fi Ihysiciaus iithink will not 'Pm of EMI from --L.-We . earn from the Journal of Commerce that a, petition' i in circulation in Nen , Yo k asking Congress to grant a peniiio for life- to Pro the widow of .Samuel wall, adel quatekto her support, n the .ci n round that he was executed' for Piraci (on board the 11. S. brig Somerii) without trial o t r opportunity to defenOutris l elf, and that subsequently,.. on •th ' l tria. of Captain Itilienzie for said e ecntion, no .evi dence 111 : c ce was introduce vv \ hich could im plicate Crom well in the offence charged. i - Mairviasu.--The State debt of 14Tal: • ryland, is 514,071,179 23. A tax of thirty-five cents per tone hundred dol lars will cover the yearly indebtedness. ,Twenty-five cents per hundred .411irs has already been assessed. and the 4- gislature will probably during this ses sion, advance it to thirty-five.- - EEO 121:21 SIM main e ma- s y the A Co:Jammu:is MEMBEEL—Mr. Wentworth a member of Congress from Illinois is the tallest man in the House. His height is only seven feet two inches. It willr,be very easy for him to catch the Speaker's eye. . DEATH WARRANT SLONED.--..-The death warrant of James and Bridget Dolan has-been signed by Gov. Porter, , and February 16th appointed as the day of/execution. fiANK R0813E1131 —The Providence Co my Bank, atliitie Rock R. I. was lately eittered by false keys, and robbed of $7455 in bills of the haiil4 and §IIOB in gold. , number of letters which annually putt through the - Uni. ted States Poetis iwinty=fiitm millions and a half. SPEA/CER....-A. L. Aotortfort Esti is proposed as a candidate for SpeAer of the House of Representatives of*Penn- Sylvania. ADADt ilaitS.ThlS INIVIC4IO4 man, *and Eivilt3r of the murder of his own. wife, has made a lull con_ fission of that and subiequent crimes. 7" is..l, arligressknit , The twenty-eighth Congress ec ra at Washington on Monday, Dee, 4 ,. 4 But little was dope the first we e k et ganization of the two houses and * ta i nt of preliminary busine ss cN, in g the whole time. The election o t gners-to the Herne of Rein ftente. presenting the inestpeffeetunasik.lll tweet" the friends of the several p rei4 tial candidates, is a source of tosei ttegi fication to the democracy of th e t titt Th pfficeis elected for the R N Representatives, re as follows:, spe l na‘ r John W. Jones of Vim. Clerk—Caleb J. M'Nulty of Ohi o; Printerd—Blair & Rives of Was, Ser l geant-at-dlrrns—Rufus C. L ae Indiana ; Door Keeper—Jesse E. Doted if ingten• Mr.' C. J. Ingersoll has giro of is intention to bring in a bill nr \: n. in tg--,-Gen'l Jackson with inteN . fine imposed upon him at New 0 " one hour " rule has b ee 4 tained in the House. Mr. Barnard attempted to tead3 „ test against the reception of those ,„ beim of Congress elected by general ef, hut after considerable diseutl o was tefused the privilege. Mr. Barnard then arose and should not press—the reading of i t , butper„ he objected to the membea fVerie not elected t in conformity to' taking their seats . ; . No business of !iniportance to t tionlias yet, been transacted. manner . fo e in a worthy do ; isn't! we ea 4130 fate, some 'days' ected.".. A baud of blued under In to' do all then swear HEAVY JUDO EMENT..•—•Ming; Of M'Conuelleville, Ohio, pro Stockton & More, proprietors a Stage line running f t rpm lattimi“ Wheeling. The Ac on was b io recover damages for injuries 'rained by Miss Bishop by opsel.' a stage of the defendants in J 1842 ; 'and ihe case was tried it burg a short lime sing. Miss arm was broken, herielbowbadij ed,,and her head somewhat inja was proved that the driver was. which caused the accident. The retuned a-vitAict for, the pink: 36,500 and costs of suit. scrape, were biar county, sentenced to were a terror estroying pro es, ctc. We Democrat the number in the - vening before leatiary. • • DREADED' ACCIDENT.---.We corded in the Susquehanna the shocking death of Mr. Ira Cr of Bridgewater, in the following ful manner : It ,is supposed • lag !o some obstruction in eta saw-gate, he leaned his headed over die frame attached to them as it started suddenly, tcearried against the timber above, crest stomach and holding his body ' till he was found in that sizaatz after, entirely dead. Mr. Greg! we belihve, about 36 years of t i t having recently lo,t his wile, is several young orphan childref him." LYNCH LAW.—The good Z,astim, P a ., one day last area ed themselves with the azl., Judie Lynch, and handled a ran ed Lebar, pretty severely, 13 ' quence of his having atterapedg die them in the wy of prey'', chases. Several of the peoo been arrested.' TIIANKSGIVLNG Atpnblie meetili, con \ for\ ouse on Monday eve: for the urpose of adopt:. , dative to te,properobservant appointed by the monwealth for Thanksgivin; to Almighty God, WM. B. Jr.; I, was chosen President wy.m. and Darts CAsy,\ 7 1( and' E. S. Goodrich. San object ot 'tbe.meeting haring known bjr the Orel trderlr, 2D'' remarks made by Mr. Or derson and Mr. Ewell, b. solutions were unanimously lesolved. That the the Borough of Towanda , Thursday the 2lst inst asJA Thanksgiving and Pray er to \ God, in conformity wiih the dation of the Goverll4 r, nrld'' re ance with the Oag;es of a/ Fathers— , • Resolved. That the s hip keepers ,and -Vecb:, , ;-,'"' i' t orough. be requested to Stores, Shops, Otifees te , ' and that the citizens grrie r quested to .refrain from the thrir usual occupations liFemploymett l, Resolved, That it is di pected that religious se: performed on tba4 day gall in this boroUght Resolved, That thew signed• by ithe Officer! J + I