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VOL. XXXV. NO. 37.
T10NESTA. PA., WEDNESDAY. DECEMBER 3. 1902.
$1.00 PER ANNUM.
Republican.
UOKOUGH UFUChlHh.
Ii'jm.-T. K. Klli-licy.
OrmiirifmrB. J. 'I'. Iliilo, W. K. Blum,
Dr. J. C Dunn, ll. l.inMcn, J. II. Muao,
C K. Wtinv.-r, J. W. I.HIIlllTH.
Juaticea ul the J'eiut U. A. Mamlall, S.
J. Hollar.
OouatabteS. It. Maxwell.
tytllector H. J. Ni'tlov.
6VA011I trector-r.'. Kullnn. J. C.
HiHiwilun, J. K. Wmik, I'alrlck Joyio, L..
A(ew, It. I.. Hitxlvl.
FOltEST COUNTY OFFICERS.
Member of Omtre J. K. 1. Ha 1
Member of denote A. M. Neeley.
Aaaembty A. M. llnnlt.
VmhIoK .m'e W. M. Lindner.
Aumnnll Jmlyea It. II. Crawford, W.
II. II. Diittcrcr
Yi.fA.mofniy, llegiattrjt Recorder, JtC.
John II. Itiiixirlxun.
Nherilf.J. IV. .Inniin-on.
7Ye.iuri Kril. A. K oiler.
CbiitMtioMni It. M. Herman, Jolin
T. Caritou. J. T. )le.
District Attorneys. I). Irwin.
jnry (,ViinMi(inr Ijevl U. Ker
llolih, I'otcr Vonufk.
(kroner Dr. .1. W. Morrow.
Cuuiif.v A uititomJ. It. dark, It. J.
Klynn, (Jeo. I.. King.
(Vjunfy tiiiiierintendent E. E. Hlltalii-
ger.
llraulnr Trrun af Court.
Fourth Monday of Ki-lriiary.
Third Monday of May.
Fourth Moiulav of Silenilier.
Third Monday of November.
( hurra an Nabtmlb Hr..l.
lrexb lerian Halibatli Mi-hunl nl 11:45 a.
in.: M. K. Nalilialli School at 10:00 a. in.
I'ritai'hinir .n M. K. Clnirrli every Nab
lialli rvniiiiiir liv Itev. O. II. Nickle
rrearhiiiK ill the K. M. Church every
Sahhatli eveniiiK at tlieliNiial hour. Itev.
Mi-iiarvv, I'aMor.
SerniMw ill the Presbyterian Church
every Maldialli iiiorniiitf anil (.veiling,
The regular mectingM or the . C. I .
U. are held at the lii-adiiiarlr on the
aecoud and fourth liumdayaor earn
ill' nth.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
pi N F.ST A I.OI1UK, No., I.O.O. F.
1 Me"t- every Tuesilay evening, in t)dd
Fellow' Hall, Partridge building.
I VlKKST I.OIHIK. No. INI, A. O. IT. W.,
I Moela every Friday evening lujA.O.U.
V. Hall, Tiom-Hta.
CA PT. li KOK i K STOW POST, No. '-Tt
U. A. It. Mi-eta lat and .Id Monday
r . i.. ... it tv
evening in eacn iiioiihi, in n. v. v.
Hall, Tlonesta.
rAPT (IHOItliK STOW COKI'S. No.
J 1:17. V. It. t'.. ineeta llrxt and third
Wednesday evening of each month, 111 A.
O. U. V. hall, Tioneitta, Pa.
rpiONF-STA TENT, No. ltil, K. O. T.
1 M., meeia ud and 4th Wedneaday
eveuinu III eai'h month In A. O. U. U.
hall Tionesta, Pa.
F. KITC'll F Y,
1. ATTOllN E Y-AT-I.AW,
Tiouexia, Pa.
OIIAWKKY .V MUNN,
O a r roit x i: ys-a r- la vv.
Warren, Pa.
Practice in Foreat Co.
V. M. SlIAWKKV, UKO. II, MllNN.
AC. BROWN,
ATTOllN EY-AT LAW.
Ollli-e in Arnnr HuiMiiil', for. Kim
and Itriilne Six., Tioneta, Pa.
J W. MOIlllOW, M. D.,
PliVNlcian, Hurxeon t Duntist.
Olllce and IteKiileiice lliriie diHira north
of Hotel Aitnew, Tinneta. Proteaxional
calls irouitly resiouded to at all hours.
1)
It. V
, j. novAiii),
PhyHii'iiin A Snrifenn,
TIONKSTA, PA.
Dlt. J. C. DUNN,
PHYSICIAN AND SUIUiEON.
Office over Heath it Killmer'n alre,
Tionenta, Pa. Professional calls iroinpl
ly respoudisl to at all lioura of day or
iiiclit. Itesidence F.iin St., between
tirove'a grocery and.Oerow'a reataiiraut.
Oil. J. D.tillKAVFS,
Pnysician and Suriteon
Olllce and residence above The Davia
Pharmacy.
D
It. J. It. SKiOINS.
1'livsii'iMii anil xonteon,
OIL CITY. PA.
It. I.ANSON.
Hardware, TiiiniiiK A Plumbiiiit.
'I'loiiHsia, Pa
O J. SKTI.KY.
O. J US TICK OF THE PEACE.
Keeps a complete line of Justice's blanks
for nale. Also Itlank deeds, mortgages,
etc. Tioitfsta, Pa.
HOTEL WIOAVEK,
E. A. W HA VEIL Proprietor.
This hotel, formerly the I,awreiice
House, has undergone a complete chaiiKe,
and la now I'lirniKlied with al'. the mod
ern improvements. Heated and lighted
throughout with natural gas, bathrooms,
hot and cold water, etc. The coml'orta l
guests never neglected.
TENTH A I. HOUSE,
V IIEIIOW A (fEltOW Proprietor.
Tionseta, Pa. This is tlie most centrally
located hotel ill the place, anil has all the
modern Improvement. No pains will
be spared to mako it a pleasant skipping
place for the traveling public. First
class Livery in connection.
pilIL. K.MEIIT
FANCY BOOT A SIIOEM A K Ell.
Shop ill Walters building, Cor. Elm
and W alnut streets, Is prepared to do all
Kinds of custom work from the lluest to
llie.coarsesl and guarantees his work to
give erlect satisfaction. Prompt atten
tion given to mending, and prices rea
sonable. JORENZO FULTON.
Manufacturer of and Dealer In
HARNESS. lOLURS, BRIDLES,
And all kinds of
HORSE FURNISHING GOODS.
TION EST A. PA.
1 1 HASLET & SONS..
GENERAL MERCHANTS.
Furniture Dealers,
AND
UNDERTAKERS.
TI0NESTA, PENX
To tho Senate and House of Rppresenta
tivt-:
Wo mill continue In a prrlod of un-
boumliM prosperity. ThiH prosperity la
nui i iic creature or law, uul undoubtedly
the lutts under whirh we work have httn
Inelrumenial in creating the conditions
wtiu ii niuiiv It possible, unu by unwise lig
' latiMn It would be cany enough to destroy
t. There will undoubtedly be period of
I pitBjUon. Th wave will recede, but the
tiuo will advance. This nation la scaled
on a conlintnt llatikid by two Krrut
oicaiiM. 1l la conipomd of nun the de
Bi'cinian'.a t f lom-crs or. In a ii-nie, plo
nerra thpni.sciv a of men winnowed out
(runi uiuoiitf the uaiious of thu old world
uy the cih ry, bolilntbs und love of ad
Venture fojud la lluir own eager In al ls.
Buch u nauon bu placed will surely wrest
bucce.sa from furiuue.
Aa u. people we have played a large part
In the hoi id. und we arc bent upon making-
our fuluru even l.(itr than the past.
In puilieuiar tlic cvenia of the Iumi lour
eaij lt.ie dellnilely n.-vid.d tnal Ur ue
or lur wtal our puti e m. bt meal anuuitf
ine iialioiis. V e may ittlu r i.nl reaiiy
or sueice-d KTe.uly, but w CllllllOt HVtlld
tnu tnUcrtVur truin wiiu-n c-tuier urrat
f.tiiuru or nvat bueeesa in tint come. i-Acti
if we- would wu caniut piay u small pHrt.
tf wo aiiuuitt tr, all mat won it I tinuw
wuuid uo liiul wu uJio.iul play a large, part
Uiitiiiiy ainl bhaiuetcuy
LUtt our peuptf. Hie sons of the men of
the civil ir. tne stna of the men who
had iron lit their batod. rrjoiee in the
pi.Menl und face the fuluru liiyh of heart
mill resolute cf w ill. Oura is not the
cie.d of the wa:.iiug uiul the coward;
ultra 1 the auapti of hopn and ot tri
iiinplutiit end. a r. We do imt shrink
fi oai l!io sin.Kule lx fore us. There are
m.uiv pi..l.un.s lor l.h to face ut the oul
u t cf Hie nveiitt. ;:i . ntury-Krave prob
le:aa iih road and snil Kravi-r at hutiie but
we Unovv thai we can solve them, und
oUe ttuin Wl-11. provided only that we
britip In t lie dilution the qualities of lieu d
and h-art v.1 ill .r' mIiowii by the men
who In lit-- d.is of Washington founded
this fcovenimt nt und in the d..js of Lin-
t oln preserved It.
.No country has ever occupied a hlglier
plane of material well being than ours at
i he prerffiii i.iotmnt. This w eil Ih-iiik la
due to no Midden or accUb-ntHl eitus, but
to llo play ol Hie economic foret-s in thin
country for over a century; to our laws,
our sustained und continuous policies;
above all. to the hlh individual average
of our itU-mdiip. Urea t fortunes have
been won by those who have liken the
lend In this pht tioineiial industrial devel
opment, uiul niont ot Uoe fortunes have
Ik en won mil by doing evil, hut ax an In
cidtnt to action whah has beiirtibd the
coinniunlty us a whole. Never before has
iimieiuil wi ll being been ao widely dil
fithed iimong our people. Grout fortunes
have h-er. ureumuluied, und t in the
aifgreK it' ttu-sc tortunes are small In
deed whn compared to the wealth of the
tieople us a whole. The plum people ure
I'etter oft' I hit n ihcy have ever been be
fore. Tiie niMur.uice conipauies. w hich
are pnii llenlly mutual beuetit societies
especially lulpful to men of nioderute
nu aiiH repr sent accuniulat ions of capi
tal which are among the largest In this
country. There are more deposits In the
saving batiks, more owihim of farms,
more well p. ml wan -workers in thl coun
try now than ever lie fore in our history.
Of course Kin n the conditions have fa
vored the e.r.mth of so imteh that was
:ood tin y have also favored some w hat
the growth ot what was evil. It is emi
nently iieeesary that we should endeavor
to cut out this evil, but let us keep a due
sense of proportion; let us not in tixing
our gaze upon the leaser evil forget the
t, renter guud. The evils ure real, and
Home of them are rmu.tctug. but they are
the outgrowth net of misery or d -i-adence.
but of prop" rny. of the prors of our
tfranin- indutruil development. This In
iUimiiihI d- vtlcpnieiit must not he checked,
but side by H,de with It should go xuch ,
progr i-lve regulaiion in will diminish
the evils. We should fail In our duty if
we did not try to remedy the evils, but we
shall succeed only if we pro. eed patient
ly, with praelital common sense as well
us reHo!i,iioii. separatum the aood from
the bad am) holding on to the former
while tndeavonng to get rid of the latter.
In my message to the present coiiKress
nt Its Ilrst session 1 discussed at length
t ho ittit st ion of the regulation of those
bUr corporations commonly doing nn in
terstate business, often with some tenden
cy to monopoly, w Inch ure popularly
known ns trusts. The experience of the
past year has emphasized, in my opinion,
tho deairnt.ility of the steps 1 then pro
posed. A fundamental requisite of social
cMiclencv la a liiu'h standard of individual
cupiirv and excellence, but this is in no
wise liu oiiMiati nt with power to act in
combination for nlms which cannot
well be achieved by the Individual ucting
alone. A fundamental base of civilisation
ia the Invio' -biltty of property; but this Is
In nowise Inconsistent with the right of
siHiety to regulate the exereise of tho
artitietal powers which tt confers upon tho
owners of property under the name of cor
porate franchises In mi U u w ay its to
nn-veiit I lie misuse of these powers, for
pomlions. mid i specially combinations of
corporations, should oe managed uuuei
public regulation. Kxperb-nce has shown
that under our system of government the
necessary superviMon cannot be obtained
bv stale action It must therefore be
uehleved by national tuiion. Our nim la
not tn do awry with cortMiratlons. On the
contrary, these big aggregations ure nil
Inevitable development of modern Indus
trialism, and the effort to destroy them
would bo futile unless accomplished In
wnvs that would work the utmost mis
chief to the entire body politic. We can
do nothing t'f got-U in the way of regulat
ing and supervising these corporations
until we fix i learly In our minds that we
are not attacking tho corporations, but
ende'ivorlng to do away with any evil In
them. We are not hostile to Hum. We
nre merely determined that they ahull be
so handled na to subserve the public good.
We draw the line against misconduct, not
against wealth. The capitalist who, alone
or in conjunction with his fellows, per
forms some great Industrial ft at by which
he wins money Is a welldmr, not a wrong
doer, provided only lie works In proper
and legitimate Uiich. We wish to favor
such a man when he does well. We wish
to supervise and control his actiona only
I. prevent him from doing ill. Publicity
can do nu harm to the honest corporation,
and e need not be overleruler about
sparing the dishonest corporation.
In curbing and regulating the combina
tions of capital which are or may become
Injurious to tho public we must be care
ful tift t' st"P the great enterprisea which
have legitimately red need the cost of pro
dnction. ft to abandon the place whleh
onr country has won in the leadership of j
the International Industrial world, n t t !
strike down wealth with the result of j
closleg factories and mins. of turning i
lh.. wair.. worker Idle Itl the Streets and
leaving the farmer without a market for
what he grown. Insistence upon the Im
popH.hlc me ins delav In achieving the pos
sible cxnctlv as. on the oth r hand, the
stubborn defense alike of what Is good
and what Is bid tn the existing svslein.
the resolute effort to obstruct nuy nt
tt mpl at betterment, betrays blindness to
the historic truth that wise evolution la
the sure pnf. guard against revolution.
No nn re Important subject can come
before tin- congress than this of the recu
lalion of Irterstate business. This country
cannot afford to nit supine on the pb-a
that under our peculiar system of govern
ment we V V helpless 111 the presence of
the new conditions and unable to grapple
with theni or t cut out whatever of evil
has arisen tn connection with them. The
power of the conuTess to regulate Inter
state commerce Is an ebsolute and tin
ipialltied grunt nnd without limitations
other than those prescribed by th consti
tution The congress has constitutional
authority t- make nil laws neeessarv and
proper for executing this power, and I am
satisfied that this power has not been ex
hausted bv anv legislation in-w on the
r'ntute book It Is evident, therefore,
that cvi!s restrictive i-f commcr-ial free
Horn and entailp'tr restraint i:i n national
c-mimerce fall within tin- r u ilnive p r
cr of the conuress und that a wise :.id
r-asonnble lav. w--iild be a ne-.-s-ary and
pre. rT ex rcise of c.ncreswiec l indli'-ritv
to the end that such evils sir u:d be erad-
I believe that mm polbs. utjuyt dis
erhnln itlons. which prevenr .-r cripple
r-enp.'tnicn. fraudulent nwrc.-ipitallEati n
and other cvKs In trust orgninsatlons and
ractlcea which Inluriouslr sfTert Intee-
fltato trade can be prevented under the
power of the ongrtas to "regulate com
merce with iVreign nations und nmong
the several states ' through regulations
and reiulrerie::is operating direct) v upon
auch ctmim. n the itiHtrumentallUea
uiereti ami itu se engaged therein.
1 earnestly recc-inmend this subject to the
consideialion of the congress with a view
to the passage of a law reasonable in its
provisions ami effective in Us operations,
upon which ihe questions can be finally
uujuiucateq taut now raise doubts as to
wie nectfusiiy constitutional ameml
niciit. If it prove impoSHible to accom
plish the purpasen above set forth bv auch
a liiw. then assuredly we should not
shrink from umendiuK the constitution m
as to him ure beyond peradventure the
"10T IHIIKHl.
The congress has not heretofore made
any appropriation for the better en f orce
in nt of the antitrust law as it now
stands. Very much has been done by the
department of justice tn securing the en
furceiue nt of this law, but much more
could be done if congress would make a
special appropriation for this purpose, to
be expended under the direction of the
attorney general.
tine proposition advocated has been the
ndiniion ut the tariff as a means of
reaching the evils of the trusts which fall
within the category i have described.
Not merely would this be wholly Ineffec
tive, but tin- diversion of our efforts in
such a direction would mean the aban
donment of all Intelligent attempt to do
away with th se evils. Many of the lar
gest ' or pora t tons, many of those which
tdiojld certainly be included In unv proper
scheme of regulation, would not be af
fected in the slightest degree by a change
In the tariff, save as such change Int.-r-fer
d with the general prosperity of lh
country. The only relation of the tariff
tn big corporations as a whole is thai the
tariff makes manufactures profitable, and
tin- tariff remedy proposed would he in
effect simply to make manufactures un
profitable. To remove the tariff as a
punitive measure directed against trusts
would liicvl.nhiv result In ruin to the
weaker competitors who are struggling
against them. Our uim should be not by
unwise tariff changes to give foreign prod
ucts the advantage over domestic prod
ucts, but by proper regulation to give do
mestic compel it urn a fair chance, and
this end cannot be reach d by any tariff
changes which would affect unfavorably
all domestic competitors, good and bad
; tike. The question of regulation of the
trusts stands apart from the question of
tariff revision.
Stability of economic policy must al
ways be the prime economic need of this
country. This stability should not be fos
sil izat ion. The country has acquiesced
ill the wisdom of 1 he plutectlve tariff
principle. It Is exceedingly undesirable
that this system should be destroyed or
that there should be violent and radical
chane.es therein, our past experience
shous that great prosperity In this coun
try has always come undera protective tar
iff and that the country cannot prosper
under fitful tariff changes at slmrt inter
vals. Moreover, If the tariff laws as a
w hole work well and If business has pros
pi red under theni and Is prospering, it U
better to endure for u time slight incou
vt nil net s and inequalities In some sched
ules than to upiet business by too quick
and too radical changes. It is most ear
ln:Cly to be wished that we could treut
the tariff from the standpoint solely of
our business needs. 1 1 is. perhaps, too
much to hone that partisanship may be
t ut ir !y excluded from consideration of
the subject, but at least It can be made
secondary to the business interests of the
coutury that is, to the Interests of our
people as a whole. I'nquestionablv these
biih inss interests will best be served if
toit-tlier with fixity of principle as re
gards the tariff we combine a system
which will permit us from time to time to
make the necessary reappltcation of tlu
principle to the shifting national needs.
We must take scrupulous care that the
reappln atton shall be made in such a way
that It will nol amount to a dislocation of
our system, the mere threat of which, no
lo Fpcnk of the performance, would pro
duce para I si. in the business energies
of the community. The tirst considera
tion In making these changes would, of
course, be to preserve the principle which
underlies our whole tariff system that is.
t he principle of nutting American busi
ru ss interests ut b ast on a full equality
with Interests abroad and of always al
lowing a Kutlleient rate of duty to mora
than cover ihe difft reiice between the
labor cost here and abroad. The Well be
ing of the wngeworker. like the well be
nut of ihe Idler of the soil, should be
mated as an essential in shaping our
whole economic policy, j here must never
be any change which will jeopardize the
standard oi com tort, tne sianuaru or
wages, of the American wngeworker.
one way In which Ihe readjustment
sought can be reached ia by reciprocity
treaties. It is greatly to be desired that
such treaties may be adopted. Tin y can
be used to widen our markets and to give
a g eabr Held for the actlvltiis of our
pn-tlui i rs on the cue hand, and on the
other band to secure In practical shape
the lowering of duties when they are no
longer needed for protection among our
own people or when the minimum of dam
age done may be disregarded for the sake
of the maximum of good accomplished.
If It prove imj ossfble to rntify the pend
ing treaties and If there seem to he no
warrant for the endeavor to execute oth
ers or to amend the pending treaties so
that they can be ratified, then the same
end to secure reciprocity should be met
by direct legislation.
Wherever the tariff conditions nre auch
that a needed change cannot with advan
tage lc made by the application of the
rcclpnwdty idea, then It can be made out
right by n lowering of duties on a given
product. If possible, such change should
be made only after tho fullest considera
tion by practical experts, who should ap
proach the subjeui from a business stand
point having tn view both the particular
Interests ntfected and the commercial well
being t.f the people as a whole. The ma
chinery for providing such careful Inves
tigation can readily be supplied, i lie ex- i
ecu live department has already at its
ilisHisaI methods of collecting facta nnd
figures, nnd if the congress desires addi
tional consideration to that which will be
giv en the aubjet t by its own committees,
then a commission of business experts can
be appointed whose duty It should be to
recommend action by the congress after
a deliberate and scientific examination of
the various schedules as they are affected
by the changed and changing conditions.
I he unhurried and unoiawen report or inis
commission would show what changes
should bo made in the various schedules
nnd bow far these changes could go with
out also changing the great prosperity
ch this country is now enjoying or
upsetting its fixed economic policy.
t he caws in wntcli tne tarni can pro
duce a monopoly are so few as to consti
tute an inconsiderable factor in the ques
tion; but. of course. IT in any case it be
found that a given rate of duty does pro
mote n monopoly which works ill. no pro
ton st would object to sucti reduction
of the duty ns would equalise competition.
n mv judgment, the tarlu on anthracite
coal phould be removed and anthracite
put actually, where it now is nominally,
on the free list. This would have no effect
at all save in crises; but in crises it might
be of service to the people.
interest rates are a potent rncior in
business activity, and in order that these
rales may be equalized to meet the vary
ing in eds of the seasons and of widely
separated communities, and to prevent the
recurrence of lltinndal stringencies which
Injuriously affect legitimate business, it
Is necessary that there should be an ele
ment of elasticity In our monetary sys
tem, thinks are the natural servants of
commerce, and upon them should le
placed, ns far ns practicable, the burden
of furnishing nnd maintaining a circula
tion ad (piate to supply the needs of our
diversified Industries nnd of our domestic
nnd foreign commerce, ami the Issue of
this should be so regulated that it suffi
cient supply should be always available
for the business interests of the country.
It would be lioth unwise and unneccs
sarv ut this lime to attempt to recon
mrucl our financial system, which has
been the growth of a century, but some
additional legislation Is. 1 think, rt sirable
Th" mere ouilinc of any plan suttieiently
comprehensive to meet these requirement
would transgress the appropriate limits
of this communication. It Is suggested,
however, that all future legislation on the
subject should be with the view of en
couraging the use of such Instrumentali
ties as w ill nu toma tit ally supply every
legitimate demand of productive Indus
tries and of commerce, not only In Ihe
amount, but In the character of circula
tion and of making all kinds of money
hiferehang- abb- and. at the will of the
holder, convertible Into Ihe established
gold standard.
I again call vm.r attention to the need
of passing a proper Immigration law. cov
ering the p.imis outlini-d in my message
to on al th-- t-rst ses-ion of the present
vmuresr. HubsianiiaHy such a bill haa
tlrt.ulv mssJ the house.
TTow to seeiir fnlf f Ant niii, .
tmw, iiu ior capMai. now to hold ii
checic lite unscrupulous num. whether em-
pioe- or im loye.-. without weakening
Individual im. ai-ve. without hamperlm
and cramp'ng tin- industrial developmeiii
of the i.iin'.rv. Is a pioiih m fraught wilt
great diltleuiileH and one whi-h it Is ol
the highest importance tu solve on line
oi sanuy ami T.irsighltd common sense
We.l as Of deVC'tMill to ihe right. This
ail era of federation and emnhlnuiioii
J-.XKctly as busimss men nnd they musi
Tt i n noiimi em potations, aiiu UI
o m constant, u-ll lepey or these corpora
tions to grow larger, so It Is often neces
eary for laboring men lo work in federa
tions, and ih'sc have become tmportunl
factors of modern industrial life. Hoth
tutus oi i cm ration, capitalistic and IhIm
i an mi m. n fci,oi. and as a necessary
"..,,.,,, loe, ,ao in i:i io evil, wpposl
lion (U e,r kukj oi organization shoul
t.iiy- me luuti oi opposition lo whatever
oiiu in tne conuuet or any given corpora
tion or union, not of attacks uuoti ror
porti ons as such nor upon unions ut
mii h. lur some of the most farreaching
bi iic!:ceni w;!t for our people has been
n " o p i-iieu un i.u;;ii puin corporations
ami unions. Ka- u must refrain from ar
bitrary or tyrannous interference with
the rights ol others, organised capital
and organised labor alike should remem
ber that In the lung run the interest of
each must be brought Info harmony with
the Interest of the general public, und the
conduct of each must conform to tht
iioKiniiiciiiiii ruies oi obedience to the
law. of individual freedom und of Justie
and fair dealing toward all. Kach should
lememlH-r that In addition to power it
must strive alter ihe realization of
nc.iMiiy. iony unu generous ideals. Kvery
employ, r. ev.-ry wugeworker. must be
guaranteed his liberty and his right to do
u-i oe ones wiin ins property or his labor
so long as he does not infringe upon the
rights of others. It is of ihe highest Im
portance that employer and employe
""e i euueavor to appreciate eai
uie viewpoint oi tne oilier and the sure
disaster that wilt come upon both In the
long run ii cniier grows to take as habit
ual an attitude of sour hostility and dis
trust toward the other. lew people de
strve better f the country than those rep
lenem.iiivcs (join oi capital und labor
and there are many such who work con
tinually to bring about a good understand
lug of this kind, based upon wisdom am
upon broad and kindly sympathy betweei
employers and employed. Above all, we
need to remember that any kind of clasp
uuimisny in me p iititai world Is, if pos
sible, even more wicked, even more de
structive to national welfare, than sec
tn nal. race or religious animosity. We
can get gooq government mil v upon condl
tlon that we keen true to the orlncioiei
upon which tins nation was founded ami
Judge each man not as a part of a class,
but upon his Individual merlia. All that
we nave a rigiu to ask of any man. ric
or poor, whatever ma creed, his occupi
turn, his Mriliphiee or his residence.
that he shall act well und hoiionibtv bv
his tn ighbor and by his country. Wo are
neither tor the rich man as such nor f
the poor man as such; we are for the uu-
right man. rich or poor. So far as the
constitutional powers of the national uov.
eminent touch these inn tiers of general
uu vita i moment to uie nation, tiiev
should Ie exercised In conformity will;
tlie principles above set forth.
It Is earnestly hoped that a secretary of
commerce may be created, with a seat In
tne camnci. The rapid multiplication
questions an,--ting labor and capital, the
growth ami complexity of the organlzu-
i s inrourn wna n hotn labor and capl
tal now find expression, the siendv tend-
ency toward the employment of capital in
huge corporations and the wonderful
strides of this country toward leadership
oi tne uiicmaimuai ousmo's world jusiiiv
nn urgent demand for the creation d
such a position. Substantially all the
leaning commercial iiouics tn iins country
have nulled in requesting its creation. It
Is desirable ihal some such measure aa
that which has already passed the senate
ne nat ten into mw. I he creation of suet
a department would In Itself be an nd
vance toward dealing with and exercising
sup rvision over Ihe whole subject of th
great corporations doing an Interstat
business, and with this end In view the
congress should endow the department
wiin large powers, which could be In
crertrrn as experience might show th
need.
I hope soon to submit to the sen rite
reciprocity ttvntv with Cuba. On Mav 21
last the I'niled States kept its pr mise to
in lsiano ny rormauy vacating liiInui soil
ami turning ('iina over to those whom he
own p ople had chosen as the llrst oiti-:iala
or the new repunne.
t'uba lies al our doors, and whatever nf-
rectM her for gocd or lor ill affects us a Is
So much have our people felt this that In
tho J'latt amendment we definitely took
the ground that t'uba must hereafter have
closer political relations with us than with
any other power, lima in n sense t ulm
has become a part of our International
political system. 1 his makes it nt ssarv
that in return she should be given some of
Ille helieflls or becoming part of our eci
nomlc system. It Is. from our own stain:
point, a shortsighted ami mischievous pot
icy to ran to recognize mis need. More
over, ft is unworthy of a mighty ami gen
erous nation. Itself the greatest and most
successful repel lie in history, to refuse to
stretch out a helping hand to a young and
weak sister republic Just entering upon
its career of Independence. We should al
ways fearlessly Insist upon our rights In
the face of tht.- strong, and we should with
ungrudging laimi do our generous duty
by the weak. I urge the adoption of reel
prociiy wilh t'uba not only because it is
eminently for our own Interests to control
the Cuban market and by every means to
foster our supremacy In the tropical-lands
and waters south of us. but also because
we of the giant republic of the north
should make all our sister nations of the
American continent feel that wheiievei
they will permit it we desire to show our
selves disinterestedly and effectively tht I
irictnt.
A convention with Great Tlrltaln hm'
been concluded, which will be at once laid
before the senate for ratification, provld
ing for reciprocal trade arrangements be
tween the ( uited States a nd Newfound.
land on substantially the linos of the con
vent ion formerly negotiated by the secre
tary of slate. Mr. liliihie. 1 believe reelp
rocal trade relations will be greatly to th
advantage of both countries.
As civilisation grows warfare becomes
less ami less the normal condition of for
eign relations. The last century has
Keen n market! diminution of wars b
t ween civilized powers. Wars with un
civilised powers are largely mere matters
of international police duty, essential for
the welfare of Ihe world. Wherever pos
sible arbitration or some similar method
should be employed In lieu of war to settle
dltticultiea between civilized nations, nl
t hough ns yet the world hns not pro
gressed sufficiently tn rentier It possible
or necessarily desirable to Invoke arbitra
tion In every case. The forms I hm of the
International tribunal w hich siis at The
Hague Is an event of good omet from
which great consequences for the welfare
of nil mankind may flow. It Is far better
where possible to Invoke such a perma
nent tribunal than to create special arbi
trators for a given purpose.
It Is a mailer of si mere congratulation
to our country that the I'liiled States and
Mexico should have been the llrst to use
the gtssl oflleca of The Hague court. This
was done last summer with most satis
factory results In Ihe case of a claim at
Issue between us and our sister republic,
it Is earnestly to Ik- hoped that this first
case will serve as a precedent for others,
in which not only the I'nlted States but
foreign nations may take ail vantage of
the machinery already in existence at
The Hague.
I commend to the favorable considera
tion of the congress the Hawaiian fire
claims, which were the subjit t of careful
Investigation during the last session.
The congress has wisely prov-Vd thai
w shall build at once an Isthmian canal,
If possible at I'annma. The attorney gen
eral reports that we can undoubtedly ac
quire good title from the Krench J'an.iTnu
'a uii I coin pa nv. Negotiations are row
fending with Colombia to secure hT as
sent to our hulMlrg the canal. This canal
will be one of the greatest engineering
feats of ihe twentieth century, a greater
engineering feat than has yet been tic
coiuphshed during the history of mankind, i
The work should be carried out as a con
tinuing policy without regard to change I
Of administration, ami It should be begun
tinder circumstances which will make H
a matter r.f pride for all administrations
to continue the policy.
The canal will Im- of great benefit t
America end of Importance to all the
world. It will le of advantage to us In
dustrials and also as improving our mil
itary position. It will be of advantage to
tin- countries of tropical Ainern.i. I is
earnestly to be lnp d that all of these
ourrri.-s will do as Ko-ne of them have
already done with signal success und will
Invite to their scores commerce and Im
prove their rnat- rial conditions by rt g
nising that stabibtv and order are (tie
prerequisites of successful development.
N'w Ind pend nf nation In America n-i-d
five the slightest fear of aggrVaslon from
tne lnited Stales. It behooves each one
to maintain order within its own borders
and to discharge Its just obligations to
foreigners. When this is done, liuv can
real assured that, be they strong or weak,
they have nothing to dre.it! from outside
Interference. More and more the Increas
ing IntiTib pendence and complexity of
international political and economic rela
tions rtn.b r it incumbent on all civilized
l nd orderly powers to insist on the pro-A-r
poll( ing of tlie world.
ii;rih!r the fall of 19ol a communication
was addressed to the secretary of state
asking whether permission would be
graiucti Uy tne president to a corporation
to lay a cable from a point on the Cali
fornia coast to the Philippine Islands bv
Way of Hawaii. A statement of condi
tions or terms upon which such eornorn-
fion would undtriako to lay und operate
u oii'if niig v oiiiuteereti.
Inasmuch aa ihe congress was shortly to
convene and I'acilic cable legislation had
been the subject of consideration bv the
congress for several years, it seemed to
nie wise to d- fer action uun the applica
tion until the congress had first nn oppor
tunity tti act. The congress adjourned
with'.nil taking any action, having the
matter in exactly the same condition in
which It stood whin the congress con
vened. Meanwhile It appears that the Commer
cial I'aciiic Cable company had promptly
proceeded with preparations for laving Its
cable. It also made application to the
president for access to and use of sound
ings taken by the l ulled S -'tes steamship
Nero for the purpose oi discovering a
practicable route for a transpacific cable,
the company urging that with access lo
these soundings it could complete its cable
much sooner than if it were required to
take sounding upon Its own account.
Fending consideration of this subject it
nppeart-d important nnd desirable to at
tach certain conditions to the permission
to examine and use the soundings if U
should be granted.
In cnnseiiuencc of this solicitation of Ihe
cable company certain conditions were
formulated, upon which the president was
willing to allow access to these sound
ings nnd to consent to the landing and
laving of the cable, subject to any altera
tions tir ndditfuns therein imposed by tne
congress. This was deemed proper, espe
cially as It was clear that a cable con
nection of some kind with China, a for
eign country, was a part of the company's
plan. This course was, moreover. In ac
cordance with a line of precedents, includ
ing 1 resident Grant s uttioii in the cuse
of the first French cable, explained to the
congress tn his annual message of De
cember. 1ST5. and the Instance occurring
In T'J of the second French cable from
lirest to St. I'krre, wilh a branch to
Cape Cod.
These conditions prescribed, among oth
er things, a maximum rate for commer
cial nn Hsagca and that the companv
should construct a line from the Philip
pine Islands to China, there being at pres
ent, as Is well known, a Uritlsh line from
Manila to Hongkong.
The representatives of the cable compa
ny kept these tonilitiotis long under con
sideration, continuing In the meantime (o
Prepare for laying the table. Thcv-have.
however, at length acceded to them, and
nn all American line between our I'aciiic
coast and the Chinese empire bv wav of
Honolulu and the Philippine Island's Is
thus provided for and Is expected within
a few months to be ready for business.
Among the conditions la one reserving
the power of the congress to modify or re
peal any or all of them. A copy' of the
conditions Is herewith transmitted.
Of Porto Pico It Is onlv neeessarv tosav
that the prosperity of the island and the
wisdom with which it has been governed
have been such ns to make it serve as an
example of all that la best In Insular ad
ministration. On July 4 last, on the one hundred nnd
twenty-sixth anniversary of the declara
tion of our independence, peace and am
nesty were promulgated In Ihe Philippine
Islands. Some trouble has since irmn
time to time threatened with the Moham
medan Moros. but with the late Insurrec
tionary Filipinos the war has entirely
ceased. Civil government has now been
introduced. NVt onlv does each Filipino
enjoy such ri:;I:ts to life, liberty and the
pursuit of happiness as In- has never be
fore known during the recorded history of
the Inlands, but the people, taken us a i
whole, now enjoy n measure of self gov-
eminent greater than that granted to any i
other orientals by any foreign power and
greater than that enjoyed by any other I
orientals under their own governim nis
save the Japanese alone We have not
gone loo far in granting these rights of
liberty anil self government, but we have
certainly cone to the limit that In the In
terests of the Philippine people themselves
It was wise or just to go. To hurry mat
ters, lo go faster than we are now going,
would entail calamity on the people of
the Islands. No policy ever entered into
by the American people h:u vindicated It
self in more signal manner than the poli
cy of holding the Philippines. The irb
umph of our arms, above all the triumph
of our la ws and principles, has com- soon
er than we had any right to expect. Ton
much prats- cannot be given to the army
for what it has done In the Phkinniues.
both In warfare and from an administra
tive standpoint. In preparing the way for
civil government, ami similar credit be
longs to the civil authorities for the way
In which they have planted the seeds of
self government In the ground thus made
ready for I hem. The courage, the tin
flinchln? endurance, the high soldierly efli-
clencv and the general kind hearteuiiess
anil humanity f our troops have been
strikingly manifested. There now remain
only some 1..ai troops in Ihe islands. All
told, over liM.mii have been sent there. Of
course there have h-en Individual in
stances of wrongdoing among them. Thev
warred under fearful dithVultics "f cli
mate ami surroundings, and under the
strain of the terrible provocations which
they continually received from their foes I
occasional Instances of cruel retaliation
occurred. Fvcrv effort has been made to
prevent such cruellies, and Dually Ihese
fforts have tiecn completely success till.
Overy effort has nlso been made to de
ed and punish the wrongdoers. Af fer
making alt allowance f.-r these misdeeds
It remains true that few indeed have been
the instances In which war has been
waged by a civilized power against seml-
civiuzeu or iMirnarous forces where tin
has been so little wrongdoing by the vie-
us as In the Philippine Islands, on the
t her hand, the amount of difll ult. Impor
tant and beneficent work which has been
one Is well nigh Incalculable.
Taking the work of the nnnv and the
civil authorities together, it may lie (pus-
Honed whether anywhere elite In modern
times the work! has seen a better exarn-
of real constructive sta tesina nsiiin
than our people have given In the Plulij
Pine Islands. High praise should also be
given those Filipinos In the aggregate
ry numerous who nave accepted ihe
new conditions and Joined with our repre
sentatives to work with hearty good will
or the well a re of the islands.
I he nrmy has been reduced to the mini
mum allowed by law. It Is very small for
the size of the nation and most ccrtalnly
shouhl be kept nt the highest point of etll-
idicy. i he senior otiiccrs are given scant
ha nee under ordinary conditions to ex
nise commands commensurate wilh their
rank under circumstances which would tit
Ihcm to do their duty In time of actual
A avstern of maneuvering our nnnv
In bodies of some little size has been be
gun and should be steadily continued.
Hhout such maneuvers Ii is folly to ex
pect that in the event of hostilities with
i n v serious foe ov en a small nnnv corps
u Id be handled to advantage, pot It our
(fleers and enlisted men are such thai
can take hearty pride in them No
tier material can be found. Itul tin
must be thoroughly trained, both as Indi-
luals nnd In the mass. The marksman
ship of the men must receive spe. ial at-
mtton. in the circumstances of modern
arfure the man must net far more on
s own Individual responsibility than
-r before, and the high individual clh
nry of (he unit is of the utmost Po
rta nee. Formerly this unit w.is the
giment. It is now not the regiment, hot
en tin- troop or company; it is the Indi
huil soldier. Kvcrv effort must be made
develop every workmanlike and so
rl v quality In both the ofllccr anil the
Hi listed man.
urgently call v our a t lent ion to the
I of passing a toll providing for a gen
era I staff and for the reorganization of
the supply departments on the Hues of the
bill proposed by I he secret a r v of war last
year. When the young officers enter the
irmv from West Point, they prohahiv
tand above their compeers in unv other
military service Kvery effort should be
made by traininir. by reward of merit, by
eruliny into their careers and capaciiv,
to keep thefj of tip- sa me high relative
.xeellence throughout their careers.
The measure providing for tne norgm
,7atton of tip militia nv sfcui and for se
curing the highest fflhi- uey in the n.itl'Hl
ll guard, which has already p t.si d l he
louse, should tecelve prompt at lent ion
Hid actb-n. ll Is of great import irae th.tt
Ih ve'ati'ta of t!ie nru.caal guard to the
miiitia and v ...-nicer f-.icts t f the L'nilvd
Stab s shield K- tMu,. 1 and that in place
"f ' 1 " sent obsolete laws a practical
mm i nie, rill K-.Si.-lll Hlln"l; Pe adopted.
Provision should be i- ole to euabb the
secreiarv .t war to keep cavatrv and
iiiu-iy holies worn out in Ion:- perform-
un-- oi iimiv, ftucn n.us s teteh hut
trine when sold, and rather than turn
i neni out io toe misi-rv a t. -ailing the
when thus disposed of it would be hen
to e tiploy ihe.-n at l.glu woi'i; around lh
posts anu when necessary lo put the
painb ss.y to death.
For the tirst time In our historv naval
maneuvers on a large scale are being hdti
uiun-r ine tinmcoiatc command of the nd
rniral yt the r:iv. . Constantly inert asmg
"I' liiiuii i ncii i: p.ui io me gunnery
the navy, but it is yet far from v, hat
Should tie. I earnestly urge that tile in
crease asked for i, tne liecr.-iary nf the
navv in the upp:op-)Mion for improving
tin- iiiarKsnianaip i-o t;rantvd. In l.atl
the only shots that count are toe s!u.
that int. ( Li jiecens:'! y lo provide umpl
tuntia Mr practice with (he great guns
lime or peace, these funds must prov id
not oniy ior the pur hase of projectil
ion ior allowances lor prizes to tiuotu
age un gun crews, and specially Un
pin liters, ami for pcrteciinc an intellifiit
system oiidir which alone it ia possible lo
Ret gootl pract lee.
There should be no halt in the work of
iiiiiHiing up tne navy, providing ev
year additional fighting craft. We ar
very ru b country, vast in extent of terri
tory ami great in population, a c untry
moreover, widen has an army dimiii.
indeed when compared with that i f
other first class power. We have d I
ateiy made onr own certain foreign poll
ii-b mii ii oeiuaiPi ine possession ot
llrst tiass r.uv.v. The isthmian cnn.il will
great IV increase the e ticfeiiev of one n-ic
U Ihe navy is of sullit -lent size, but If vv
nave nn inadeuniite navy lin n the build
ing or the canal would be merely giving
Hostage to any power of sup rior si ivngi h
i no m on roe doctrine should be tn nted a
uie cannuai leniure i American lon-ign
poncy. nui u would li With,, tn: :i i !!
to assert it Unless WO iU'enied to b.o-U it
up. aim it can ie hacked up on!1 by
thoroughly good navv. A good navv
not a provocative of war. ll Is the surest
guaranty of pi :
Kach Individual unit cf our navv should
be im most eiicietit of its kind as regards
not n malertiii and p MT;n:n 1 ti-;.t ia to h
found in the world. 1 call your special
attention lo the tie-d i providing f..r th
manning or tne ship. Merlons troid
threatens us if we cannot do belter th-
we are now doing as r -gards securing lh
services or a sunn-ient number of i he bigl
est type cf Huilornien. of sen nn-ehanics
ine veteran seamen of our warships ar
tn us mgn a t pe, ; tan he found in u!
nrvy which rides the waters of the world
1 hey are unsurpassed in daring, in reso
lution, in readimss. hi tln n ugh km-wi
coge or meir prtes.vicn. Thev ih-serv
cry c mid-'r.itb n thai can be sh wn them
Put there are mi en"uu!i f tlnm. It Is
no more possible lo Improvise a crew than
it is possible n improvise a warship. V
build the lines! shin, with the dcoliiesi
nailery, and to nend ft afloat with a
crew, no mn tier how brave ihev wen- In
tltvidiially. would I e to Insure disaster If n
' average rapacity were ene.-mnercd
r il ther ships nor ncn can be improvised
w neri war h is heirtni.
W need a tlppsind additional officers
in order to vr perly man the ships now
provided ior ami under c itistiuctn-n. Th
classes at the naval school at .Vinapoli
should be greatly enlarged. At the sain
time that we thus add th- officers wio-i
We need them. We sh 111! facilitate the I
tircmcht of those nt the In. d of the -
whose usefulness has became im paired
i'1-omoiion must pe Mstefed if the servic
Is to be kept efficient.
Th lamcntiiile starchy of nfMcers nnd
ine large nurnin r of recruits and i f on
skilled men necessarily put aboard t!ie
new vessels as tlp-y have bee-i commis
sioned has thrown upon our oilicers. and
especially on the lieutenants and (tilor
grades, unrsual labor and fatigue und h,
gravely strain d their powers "f endur
a nee. Nor Is there sign of any immediate
letup in this strain. It must c 'iuue fi
some nine longer until more .n-ers are
graduated from Annapolis an I cutil the
recruits become trained and skillful in
their duties, in these ditllculti-H incident
upon the development f our war Deri ihe
conduct of all our olia ers has been --red
liable to the service, nnd Un li. ut.-n.i nis
nnd junior grades In i.-aril ular have dis
played tin ability and a steadfast ill
Inlhi vtliiili iTitille Hi in ii) itie uitgrtitlghig
lliiinVi- el all wiin re.tli'c the ilUlu aili nuig Hull
nu i ni mm' to vTtniii tli.'v nre nf iieccsMiy sub
y . I en.
I here i-t rt'.i ,i iloinj en tli li.iii.in nt pnn ni
ThiTe t'.'mH not rli- slijjttti-t i I e i.f Imulili
with ;i l.io iiiji p.nv. r. ll.- ml l t;iiiu-i1 li"pe
HUl nu- -l.lie in IHM1I- lllliy (nlllimie, him! tli
Way le in -iii!' Ut eotil iliuaih e is 1- pietide for
iinri.i;iiiy ctii' lent n.m. tm r fu-;il tn nuiri
tain Kink a tiiivy wiild iinia- trouble, .md If
iPUlble tHltl' .,! 1 1 ili-lllf ii.-acr. I .IIU'HH w If
coiiifiliii em v cr v.niuy nr inii L-iiiitrilin- in re
f '1-1 11',' til pi pHle for llHIILtT Ii Imlll fiioh-ll till
Wiiktd ill -IIlIi H ll.lltiill il- 'HI1-. H!i p. I-t e X J Ml t
puce liu -Im. uii i Imt -iii Ii fjiuiiy in r -I n i nir P
retiiL'tiize .r nr. pure f.ir nn in-ii in ich.um' r
iimiiiII v ttii i vi ' I . 1 1 I iv a mad panic nf hvMernul
I I'll r mite tin' tri-itt lus m lu.illv uirmd
The inkinif iinrt-ii.- in the riv-tnii-vi of tlie
p..-o,H f ill p.lll III' III dll-.M-W ce,trU the pliepiTlly
l our pi'ipie mix i tiir m reu-lim hi limy ol tin
hiMtii-o nf ihi 1 1 o in i r .
Hie n-ii ipl nf Ihe p.M'-tni f d. Mi l 111. lit far
1 lie tSeal year endinif June :ta la-a aim oim cd to
?rl,M-,n47.-!ii. un iiiererfM of m-i. Pi. -
ihe l-ii-i . lnii; .war, the lai-e-l Uni..i- lai.'Wii in
I lie lu-.li.rv of I be pnhil twivi.e. The in.mnilildi
of Hoi imri rf-e iv io be-l iipiie.ir ft.. in Uie rai l
thai tlie entire n I in-, ipu tr tin- y. iir .oa
itmoiiiin-ii to nut sh.,,n,ih,.
Itiit.d (ri- f. -livery .-nie ii no longer in tin1
rxpi-iiiiH-iiial M iit. It h.t lieimn.. jv( p..i ,
the v. -nils fnlli.vt i nu it' iiitrmlii. ii.ii luvc mllv
jielilti d lie- cmur ui the l.am ii.pi.ipi i.it t -ii
uncle !e- i i a'.'iduui-at an-1 i t. n i.iii. 1 j
inrnttfe vim h im r-ii-e in p..-titie r. e. ipH in
the nn. 1 1 ill-nun ot Uu- eininhv i- hikui t p.-r
it mi. o f nre now aim-, nv mi n.n r -ill In,
ihov that win re lurul hpe di hieiy tteiviec Inn
ImiII f.1.(tillh, d to Mill) il, f,ht H- l I "lid hi i
il4 to inale- eoliipari-oiii tin yearly iniTeate Im
ineii upuiini oi pi ii
tin N.-v. I. I'ti'. 1 1 ..-" rural Ine b livery
route had ht-i-ti e-tiilh-li'-l ami wi re in eii-iait"ii.
loti-iniu :il'"itt iiiiidlnnl i.f I hi Piiilnry of the
I niP tl Main available tr rural tn-e ' di liv. rv
w-rtiif. 'I here ar.- tn.w nwai i iotf ihe at tern of
tie ili'iHllnn nt pi'littniiii and upplii d loin fur tlie
r-'iioii-hiii'-nl ol 10. j 1 aUUit leinil n.ii.. flai
kIhiw i mn In-ur'i tin- wain wlin b Ihe i -i.ihti-le
riit-nl "( (he M-rii-e h.m out and Hie heed of fur
ther exo n.iitii,' il a rapidly a- p i--illi-, It i
jii-tih.d tmili lo the linaitual ii-ul( and bv the
iiiaiiiial li.ii.ni- io iir iiaal popinati.iii; it
l-rinu-i the iik-ii wImi hie mi ihe il inln i !.
rlaiieii witli tin- aetiti- bu-im-.- m.il.l; il k' p
the t.irnur in djilv Imuli Willi tin- in.uk. l-. it nt
MHiIlll.ll ed tiufal fnree; il elili.in'4 the
value ol l.u in propertv , make fai in tile tar
plea-anPr and It -h w-laird. and vvill tin linn Ii lo
h'-ek tin- iiiidi-iial.l' turn-lit tp-in ctiunlrv to
tilt.
II i t W h'.iiid that tho conun-M will make
libi-ul u.prii mi i.'ii f. r the mil urn im e d lie'
Hetvi.e iilit-dv e-Pilili-lii'l and f -r it Innlier ev
lefi-ioil.
Ki vv ulij.-( I ot mure iinxrtuiH t.ive l.'en
taken up bv I lie ciiKn. in rei.ni tt'"' ,,I1IM
Ihe itmiiiaii itl-'H f the hi. t. 111 of tiai iii.iUy ai'l.d
irriyaimii i-.r ihe arid ri-uioii f 1 be tar u.-l.
A kmhI Im 1 onioif ilnnin lia- I. mi made. Now
t liat t In- pi. 1 1 t of n n n.n.d in 1 khi ii.n h.m Im-i ii
a. .((It. I the lii'i.l f then. Hull atld .ielilltl. foli-l
pr-iteitfoii will tnw in. .n- tnpiillv I hart inr
tlirointhoiit (hi- pnlibi Imii.I Mali-.
l.eU1-latioi -h'-uld hi pioti.li.f ..r (In- r.iee
lbn ol t be u'.nne and the wild 1 riHtunt if. 11 r
ally on t be f.mi (e-rvi". n-.li.-i "-IjujIc
ter of i-iit in-, who h 1,01 lo Jmln ion- piopfiioii In
terinitiii in h pri-oervi-d on nut ual 1'iu.il n- rve-i
for tin- p opli- a- a uli.-le. fh.iil-1 U- -i..p. I at
1 mee. h for iniaii'e, a turioii- comt .u-iiit-t
cur tl.ltn.lid plod -1 fix- lo peiiinl the pi. x nt
ptai tt. e of bail li.-iinir off in. ii m -tjf.-'v and
bioit ilnl crt at uie at I lie elk lor it mil hi or
Si far aa tlii" are iM iilal.le for tc'rnn!: arid
wh4i-ver evi'iit liu v tna be r- la 1 it. I r I. r
tie lijtli'iMnl iinua teii l.iw, lh' r 1 ; inir
?to..U -honld I - I. Id rweib t--r tl..- hoiu huild. r.
the MMl.r whi bu - on I.1.4 Laid, and lor 1 if
lc. In I In 11 atluul 11-e tin -.ri t.cid l.i-.v,
the titiih'-r uii'l -tone l.iw and I intnutt o-rt
clniie of tin- lioini ti nd law li.m- b. . n o p r-
verted frum tlie ml. Me n with w in- h Hi. t w.
emu Ifil a. to iM-Mint I he m -oii-il u.n i f la i
rut of tin- public ilonuui f.r oib.r lhan h-MjI
Mtib-r. nii-l Ihe ton.i) in r- ol i n el m iti.
loenl. M. i. -..n r. Un- upjit.-ai Unu vbati-t i-ai of j
pul'hr r.inu'. - b.c of I.n. Jul to ten. h .h- '
cn i-'li a- i. ih- I -t fouinei ol n-mix lln pule
lie Ijo.I 10 tl..- w- -1 win- Ii an- -inl.d.le i bo lh or !
I LTtl!' The Xj.iHuI Ulld -t -I v ' I - 1- p
III. lit of the Wilt d. p.'11'l- llM.II lh.' l.inl'llllK Lip
f b-.itiiH tbii'in. Mm li " ..oi pio-p'iifi ;.- a
nali' hi ha I-- n due lo It - r t i r ( th. b--ii. I
Mi-iel Ijiv, fb; I'-, oih.r hand. w- -'.o-i d : '
nifi- tl.- bu i tlu) in the L'r;oitnr rur-on tb-- nun
who Mirn-poieN ! lb.- n.-iti. l..et. t mav I..- nil
able 1' felt!, p niialli IH l ll onlv adi.wid P Ilt
to -a me am. mil of p.i-or. I n.'I tb.n hi- l-ioi- r, (
the li-.ni. -. ad. r. ;.!ow. -' P. ti-- o( arable Lnd
line biitidnd an-! -iciv n. rt-t ..i t.clt re h an-l
a-.'!l a-aiT-il '--I or a n-o. b -i i I r am t t
iiriuated Ian ! It- o I - p a ( n-" b pi p tilt. wl. i-
.old gel a louik' I ln an. -f
tlrv r- I oel . ..pable of p. ri at
-le oi.'t on.- bejel ol cjiilr to .1 ' : i . n a r.
In tbf : .-I Lit tt.ofi "t th.- put. he ! un
have b-H ti f' u d in I y -
lu
: ti title
thereto, iii direct defiance ef the law forLtdain4
the inaintenanre or toiminn tin nl it su ti un
lawful im loMir of public land. Y.,r varioui
r. a-uii th re bai been utile interference with
mi Ii hub-ine in th.- pa.t, but amide nolio ttai
le.w b.-rii Kivni the tnpaer, and ad the re
henries nt tlie t.-tiimaiiu ut tne icowrnment will
h'-r. aft i r be u-ttl to put a st p t i hin h tr spawitiif.
In view of tlie rapiul importance of tiie mat
te r I loinnien.i the in to ih,- earnett con-ulerat iun
t.f the ion-"-, and if lh nire flnh diffl
euhy in deaiiinr with tlifm Irmn U k of itmrounh
kiiowlrilne uf the aul.jeri 1 r-iommend that pro-vti-.ii
W made f.-r a ttun mission of i-iperta pe
eiallv i. inveniiate and report upon tlie com
ph. at' d f(ii.--n..ii. itivoiteil.
I epef iallv iirue upon the congres th neetl ot
vtim' l.kiami-n tur Alaska. It i not to out
tr-dit a- a lull -n thai Alaska, which hat ben
tout for thirty tive yeaia. should ittll have a poor
a nt-t.-m of l,i w 4 ai it the tie.'. No t tmntrv hni
a iii.ae valiMbh- p.,. u, mineral wealth, in
fi-heiii-s tt.r-, f. i.t and al-o in lun. I available
f'r t.iiam kiiu-i of frniuiK atotk ajrowinir.
b i- a Wini : .f m.-ai hiz.e a-,,1 vaned re
R.'iiins. will tuiid lo Mipport a laiicr pTinanent
P"i'iil.ui -n. Ai;i-ka lie.. la a R..tM land law and
mi. h pioviioii!t for boiii'itea.U and pri- eniptiona
mh w ib i-iuoiiiau-e p. rtnani nt in-ul. nteiit. We
bhould Iiuik- I. Ki-latieti with a vifw not to the
e splojiini' mi.) aiatidotiiiiK of the tern tory, but
to the huiloiiitc up .f h-nn tb -rein. The' land
lawn should hi- hlijil in type, m h-4 to hold out
in :u .-in. nt lo the a Itial net tier whom we m.-,t
ih-iie to t.ie po-M' ion nf t he country. Tho
hm -M nf Ala-ka ihtmltl be prutoi ted, and, ai a
aeeiindarv but Hill important matter, tin- uaniu
al-o, and .it ihe -aiii.- tune it ia imperative that
lh.' wttlera nlio;i!d be allowed to cut timber, tin
tf r pr.ip.-r t. filial mm, i..r their own ut-. I .aw
-hoii,d be ena. ud in proie t Ihe Alaskan aaltium
Il-h-il-s auauiit the tieed wluth would tlestrotf
tin in. l h nlioiihl be pi . Bt-rv t--l a a permanent
hi'liipury und food supply. Tb. ir mana:meiit
at. 1 Li.niroi ehoold be ttirued over to the imnnu-
Ainu cf INIi nd li-bcric-. Alaska i-houlii hav.- a
ili li L'Ht. in Uie cmnri-M.. ll would be w. II if a
ioii-;i' iopal eoiiiiiiillee could visit Alaska and
iiivesiu.iii- im ii.eitN on the tt round.
In uiahnir with Ihe bi.luii our aim ehnuU h.
their ultimate aborpti..n into ihe body uf our
people, but ill llr.UIV t js. it I lu absorption must
and !,,, uld be very nb w. In K.rtioni of the In
dian Tiintory the mixture of blood ha g-'Ht on
ai the ame nine with pr.'trri-! in wealth and
e.lii ai ion, M. Unit (her.- are plenty of men wnh
v,ri'i' d. un. h d purily of Indian bl.H.d who
an- ab-olui. ly iiidi-tinL'Ui-hahle in xint of aocial,
p-ditiial and eionemu' ability from their white
um.i i.it. . There ate oi her tnliet vthii li have as
j.-t made no M-ri rpiihle aitiatiee toward ail ill
i-.pialily. ! try t (one mkIi tribes too fust fa
to pn .nt their if'i'ur forward al all. Moreover,
the tiil.ci lite uinier widely difliT'-iit conditions.
Uhne a liihe hut made i oiiMd-'ruhlr advance ami
lives on l.-rlile (.irnnrut f"d il ia poible to allot
the nn niber- Kinds in s-veraby mui h aa la the
ias,' wiih while ettli-r!. Thi-rt; are oilier tribe
where mi h a chuim? is not desirable. On the
and praiiie lands the . ffort should be to Induce
the bni'aiii p. had p.ii..ial rath, r than ai(neul-t-n
tl Ihes and to p. i nut ihim to mi tie in vib
lajfi s lather than to lnrn- them into ilatinn.
Tin Ijte In-li.tn tKhoolt -itiiat'd remote from
unv hi.li.ni I.--, nation (o a t-poeial and pfcuhar
work td tti-eat inii. ttanie; but, exi.-llent thmnrli
lh -e ,ne, an imim n.-e amoiini t.f aibhtioiial vvrk
n m-1 I..- done mi the reservations thimwlv
anions the t.ld, and, a I mho all, anions ihe youu,
Imli ins.
Tin- uim and niot important step totvird the
abruption oi the Indian ui to lea h him to earn
hw InuiL', vet il is i t n-ep arily to be a -sunn d
thai In ah eommiiniii' all Imh.im nui-t hei ome
either nlbrs of the t-. -i I or Moek rai.T. 'Pi ir
iii-lii-tiii-s mav pioperly be ilnerihed. and thoatt
win. diotv -.piiial ui-iie or adaptability for indu
tnal ot ev.ii totiuihiiial purMiitit hhoiild Im en
loiuiic.d fo far as praitiiahle lo fell-.w out ea h
Ids own b.nt.
Ki.n elb'it nlmuM In made 1 tlevi top he In
dian uli'im ihe lines of naliiial aptitude and to
ciu-ouiijue the evislinu native indu-iries peculiar
to uriain lubes, suih ns the various kind, of
bi-k-t vveatin-j, uni' huih'iiuf, unitli work and
blanket vvotk. Aboie alt. I be In.iian boy a and
r.irl- -hoiild be iiiicri coiiHtl.-nt comniiind f col
1".miimI lint-li-li and -lumld oruinarily be prepared
for h viLornus ?-t i ul;k le with tne eondilmiis un.hr
whiih tli-ir N'npl.- live rather than for immedi
ate aloipiioii into Home more highly developed
t onituui'i i y .
The ollii i ds who represent the (rovertiment in
ihaliiu; wilh ihe bitliana work tinder hard rendi
tions ami al-o und. r t-oiiililioni w hi h r. nder it
ea-y to ilo wroinr and v. ry di limit to delect
wroiu:. I oii-e.pi. tnlv Um-.v chould be amply paid
on the one hand, and on the otler hand a par
ti ulaily bi.'h standard nftotiduct nhould be de
iniindeil from them, and where iiinuonduit tan b
prov.d the piim-hmeut nhould b exemplary.
In n il parlnieiit of tl'ivernmi-ntal work in re
cent year has ihere In en irreatiT a'ti'i-ei than
in tin! cf civlhif mii'tiiitir aid in the fartiiiiiir
populalion, thuebv fhouuiK them how mnt t ttt
li'iith to help ihrinsibes. There is no need ol
iii-i-tiiii; upon il importance, for the welfare of
the I n m t is fimit.ini.il tn My neeetisary to l he
Wi Ifare nf the republic as a' wh.de. In addition
to miiIi vvuik a tuarantine ai:aiii-t animal ami
vei;i inhle plaifiii fl. and waininr amiitt-t tin in when
lu re inliodinid, nun h eltii u-nl h.-lp has hct-n rcn
ib red to ihe tarni. r by ihe (ntrndiirtion f new
plains pe tally tilted for cultivation under the
pei uliar conditions i i-tinn in bll. rent porllonn
of I be eoimtrv. New i. nals have been eslablilfd
in i be M-miand vv -. Vol in-lame, the pra li
ability of produiinif Ihe l't Ivpes of m.narotd
wheals in r.uions of un annual lainfall of only
tell im In' or I hereabout has been conclusively
Ii tuou-liati d. I hloiikdi the Hit rnilui I in of IH W
rites iii Louisiana und Texan the production ot
1 in inis eoiiutry has hecn mailt to about tonal
liotne ihiiiand. In the southwest Ihe i.ossibil-
ity of r. riiun: nverto kid ran.. land has been
lemon-Hale. I; in ih- ttoith many m-w fomie
tops huvi been inlro.lu ed. w hile in ihe east it
lias been shown that noiii" of our thoic-sl fruit!
in In- xtoted and hiiiped in aiult a wav as to
lind a prottiiibb- market abroad.
1 arum let oiinm-m! to Ihe favorable considera
tion of the onurc-n th' plailf of the Snti(liotila1l
bi-titiilioii f. r makili',' Ihe liiu-eiiiii mid. r ll
iL-e worthy of the ua'ii.n ami f-r preserviuic
nl tlie ii.iiioiia1 i ipu, 1 1 ii"l onlv n on Is of the
v.tni-him; rae, of men, but of the animals of this
oiilineiu wln.lt, hke tlie bufTalo, will HHin be
come tm t, unbis Mpeiiiiiiiis fretn whiih their
representatives mav be rent-wet I are aoiiKht in
ih. ir native r kioiir and maintained there in
cabtv.
The Disirnt ff f'nhimbia I the only fart of
our l. ml. ay m whiih l be nalioiiil u .vertinient
n i-i lu. al or nnmii innl fom li-.ns and wli.-n-
lli i it w ii -iice ihe '.oieritiiient ha a free hand
lifenioe lo eertiiili IVms of dm ial a to J e o-
iioiiue 1 ji-lat ion uim h mu-l b- es mi.illv local
r iii'ini. ipal in their i baiai l-r. 'ilie H'Oernuu-nt
should -e to it. for ttetiaiiee, thai Ihe hveu-nic
and Niiiuarv lei-bii b-:i u,te. tuitf V. ashimt on is
of a luiih ihaiaiti-r. 'lh- evils of b m div.-lliims,
wh.-lh.i in the -ha f irowdeil and coiij-esteil
teiii-miid I ou-e i-i riii or of tie- Ink alley
-. should ii.-ier be permitted to crow- mi in
H a-hoitoh. The t it V should be a model in eterv
i -pel I t'T ail Ihe lilies of I lie lolllllrv. Thtt
haiiiabb- and correctional "v-l.nis of tke Ins-
In. l sh.pid.l r 'ive eon-ni. tiii n-n Ht th- hands of
em,ii:ri- to Ihe end llnit thev may emboilv
re-till-, of ihe M'1 ad. aii.ed Mioiittht inth.se
liebls. vloreour, while a-hiimlon is nt a urea t
jmlu-liial i in. th.ie is seine i n lii-l 1 1 j I i-m here,
ami our labor b i-la I i..n, while il would riot be
important in itself, tmabt be nmde a model for
tlie n-l of ihe nation. We iboul l pars. fr in-
slime, a vvi-e imiib'iir' babiluv ait f.-r the Htv
triit of I i liimbia, and we Uee'l am h an a t in
liaw .ii.s. Ibulr.ei.t (iiinpame in the Ills
on'ht tu be required by uw to bio k their
The s.-ifrtv apfdiame law. for the better pro
i l mn of t In- live and limbs of mi I way em-
ploie., !ii li was pasHi'd in yfl. went iruo full
eft. (I ... Autr. 1. It haa rcnlied in avert-
iiiL tl-o.t- is of a-iialti-. r xp'Ticnie flmwa,
however, the tie e--py of mbhtiotial ltisaton
In rlei I 1 hi- l.iw. A bill 1. 1 piotid.- f.-r this
i-miJ Ibe -en. He nl the j-t s--,iii. ll 1 to be
'k-. tb.ii some nui h im a-ure mav how Ik en
led into ,iw.
There is a uiowfne limh-tiiv to pr. vbl. for th
iiil.in aiioti of ma is of d. mm nt f. c wliii h
- i tn. pubhe d. in oid and for Hie pm mi of
li time is ti.i ral lii'i.M-ilt. I.aik-e t;;-'di-r
f l "1 Mill, t Hi- I II n led out br the i ' i --riioietit
im i ni pr ,-s f.-r whn h ihrrr i no j.e,:::I itioi.
.tb ink slo-iibl l punted bt am of I'.e i!-p-rt-i
m ui.b-s il (oiitJin tnetbliiif of tti-.-v'ilt
ii I ne, and the C'-tiktisti ioul with n.h ei'ii cut
.vt n terv matinally on all tin- prmli.y .v'd'h
1 1 is imiv hi i nine cu-t.Hdio V I" prov ; e. 1 lie
n.ne in-t of fteriiiii'tit priiitiiuf i a a'rc.ni
LMiui'iU against the po.ihon of tb.H- o'n are
i. hm 'I on al'-ira. I itrouii ls . adv ate the
inn. nt s .. inif mn H ..i k w hj. h an wh pm
o it 1 l fl in pro ate bmi.li.
ih.ittfv i i-i; ii-..-i.-i has Imi ii made ihirma b
ar i ii tb-- t.n-i 'ii of ibe inert! st-teni -f malt-
in.' a f ."tut rn. nl - i ft th - io 1 1 nrio-el wriiii". It
hi In ivt-n-t..) l.v Uw to the Mi-lrii! of li
imbia ll is nui' h 1 be desired that nu' mn
.III lie labll-l.e.l bv Uw on 'w-14
I pronIci- for jpiHiiniNi. nl and promotion iv in
liii'ii- no- of prot.-u n'ii"
iir."ifh a his' pr-niMon of the ci-lurres af It
li.f -.---.li tie Vhilr II. iw, vthl'ti I id Is-cnie
tli-t-iruii d bt im-om.-Mii.iM ahl it t-n and cbanoM,
ha-; le u b en r stoiid t.. what II was planned t
b- t" VV i -hi mr ton In nuking i h- r atorat ion
the uim -f i oe has Im i n t xen ued to cnne a
ii ir ut p..il e to t iih p'-1"4 ud tn iipb
tm tit thr-e pt.o bv a a refill study of aii. h
h ill-hot: a lb.it of ihe I mver-ity of irifini,
Hindi was limit by .). tf. ron The White ).use
l the pi-.Hrn of ihe nili'-n. and m fur as is
cot:.itU I with bMikF Her-in it h.-iild U- kept
a if eri-'indly ne, for the -im-- reaoti thit
we l..ip 1- u'if Vernon a it e-riKiiially wji-. The
ft it I v -im.!n il of Ms ar. btiei lore is an ei-pir-n
n f the bt,ieter of the p.-rn-d In whiih
il u . I mi t ai d l in a. ."fd Willi Itn- ptiqwf-a
it tus d.-iined t- s.rvc. It is a if I Hunt to
r, . rv h l.ui II ink as hi si .-rn inom-Ti na
w i i h k -i ain e our fn-s- ef i .-tit i null y with in
nen n's .1-1.
I'd. r.-p'i's of the seii-ral raeciitie depart-
it. mj tied t" the i . .ln-t' witn I hi
aiiunuiu' a iuu,