f
empire, whereDy portions of Its mari
time provinces are passing under the
control of various European powers;
but the prospect that the vast com
tnerce which the energy of our citizens
nd the necessity of our staple produc
tions for Chinese uses lias built up in
those regions, may not be prejudiced
through cny exclusive treatment by
the new cccupants has obviated the
need of our country becoming an actor
In the scene.
Our position among nations, having
a large Pacific coast and a constantly
expanding- direct trade with the farth
er orient, gives us the equitable claim
to consideration and friendly treat
ment In this regard, and It will be my
aim to subserve our large Interests In
that quarter by all means appropriate
to the constant policy of our govern
ment The territories of Kao-Chow, of
Wei-Hal-Wei, and of Port Arthur and
Tallenwan, leased to Germany, Great
Britain and Russia respectively for
terms of years, will. It Is announced, be
open to international commerce during
euch alien occupation, and If no dis
criminating treatment of American
citizen and their trade be found to
exist, or be hereafter developed, the
desire, of this government would ap
pear to be realized. r this relation,
as showing the volume and the value
of our exchanges with China and the
peculiarly favorable conditions which
xist for their expansion In the normal
course of trade, I refer to the com- I
rnuniration addressed to the speaker of
the House of Representatives by the
secretary of the treasury on the 11th
of last June, with Its accompanying
letter of the secretary of state, rec
ommending an appropriation for a
commission to study the commercial
and Industrial condition? In the Chinese
empire and report as to the opportuni
ties for and obstacles to the enlarge
ment of markets In China for the raw
products and manufactures of the
United States. Action was not taken
thereon during the late session. I
cordially urge that 'the recommenda
tion receive at your hands the consid
eration which Its Importance and time
liness merit.
Meanwhile, there may be Just
ground for disquietude in view of the
unrest and revival of the old sentiment
of Opposition and prejudice, to alien
people which pervades certain of the
Chinese provinces. As In the case cf
the attacks upon our citieen3 In Sze.-h-iian
and at Kutlen, In 1S95, the United
States minister has been instructed to
secure the fullest measures of protec-
non, com local ana imperial, tor any I
yiivnaceu American interests, ana iu
demand, in case of lawless injury to
person cr property. Instant reparation
appropriate to the case. Warships
have been stationed at Tientsin for
more ready observation of the d'.aor
cltrs which have invaded even the
Chinese capital, so far as to be in a
position to act should need arise, while
a guard of marines has been sent to
Peking to afford the minister the
same measure of authoritative pro
tection as the representatives of other
nations have been constrained to em
ploy. v
GKEAT BRITAIN'S FRIENDSHIP.
Our relations with Great Britain
have continued on the most friendly
footing. Assenting to our request, the
protection of Americans and their In
terests in Spanish jurisdiction was as-cumt-d
by the diplomatic and consular
representatives of Great Britain, who
fulfilled thjlr delicate and arduous
trust with tact and zeal, eliciting high
commendation. I may be allowed to
make fitting allusion to the instance
of Mr. Ramsden, her majesty's consul
at Santiago de Cuba, whose untimely
death after distinguished service and
untiring effort during the siege of that
city was sincerely lamented.
In the early part of April last, pur
suant to a request made at the in
stance of the Secretary of States by
the British ambassador at this capital,
the Canadian government granted fa
cilities for the passage of four United
States revenue cutters from the great
lakes to the Atlantic coast by way of
the Canadian canals and the St. Law
rerfce river. The vessels had reached
Lake Ontario and were there awaiting
the opening of navigation when war
was declared between the United
States and Spain. Her majesty's gov
ernment, thereupon, by a communica
tion of the latter part of April, stated
that the permission granted before the
outbreak of hostilities would not be
withdrawn, provided the United State3
government gave assurance that the
vessels in question would proceed
direct to a United States port without
engaging in any hostile operation.
This government promptly agreed to
the stipulated condition, it being un
derstood that the vessels would not be
prohibited from resisting any hostile
attack. .
It will give me especial satisfaction
if I shall be authorized to communi
cate to you a favorable conclusion of
the pending negotiations with Great
Britain in respect to the dominion of
Canada. It Is the earnest wish of the
Kovernment to remove all sources of
dlfcord and irritation in our relations
with the neighboring dominion. The
trade between the two countries Is
constantly increasing, and it is Im
portant to both countries that all rea
sonable facilities should be granted for
its development.
ANNEXATION OP HAWAII.
Pending the consideration by the senate of
the treat r signed June 16, 1R97, by the pleni
potentiaries of the United States and ot the
republic of Hawaii, providing for the annexa
tion of the islandi, a joint resolution to ac
complish the lame purpose by accepting the
ottered cession and incorporating the ceded
territory Into the Union was adopted by the
congress and approved July 7, IH'.iS. I there
upon directed the U. 8. 3. Philadelphia to
convey Rear Admiral Miller to Honolulu, and
intrusted to bis hands this Important legisla
tive art, to b" delivered to the president of
the republic of Hawaii, with whom the ad
miral and the United States minister were
authorized to make appropriate arrangements
for transferring the sovereignty of the Islands
to the United States. This was simply but
Impressively accomplished on the 12th of Au
gust last, by the delivery of a certified copy
of the resolution to President Dole, who
thereupon yielded up to the representative of
the government of the United States the sov
ereignty and the public property of the Ha
waiian ltlands.
Pursuant to thi terms of the joint reso
lution and In the exercise of th.i authority
- tntreby conferred upon me, I direc ted that
the civil. Judicial and military powers there
tofore e.ercist?d by the officers of the govern
ment of the republic of Hawaii should con
tinue to be exerclsfd by those officers until
ronftrens snail provldo a government for the
liirorporctrd territory, subject to my power
to remove such officers and to fill vacancies.
The president, offiters and troops of the re
public thereupon took the oath of allegiance
to the United Stntes, thus providing for the
unlnuiruptrd continuum e of all the adminis
trative ana municipal functions of the an
nexed territory until congress shall other
wisp enact.
Following the further provision of the
joint resolution, I appointed the Honcreblcs
Shelby M. Cullom, of Illinois: John T. Mor
Kan. of Alabama: Robert It. Hltt. of Illinois',
imford B. Dole, of Hawaii, and Walter V.
Krar. of Hawaii, as commissioners to confer
and recommend to congress such legislation
toneerning the Hawaiian Islands as they
fchotiid deem necespary or proper. The com
missioners having fulfilled the mission con
fided to them, thtlr report will be luld before
you at an early day. It is believed that
their recommendations will have the earnest
consideration due to the magnitude of the
responsibility resting upon you to give such
shape to the relationship of these mid Pacl
fc lands to our home Union as will benefit
both in the highest degree, realizing the as
pirations of the community that baa cast Its
fits with us and elected to share our political
heritage, while at the sme time Justifying
the foresight of those who for three-quarters
o' a century hava looked to the asaimila.
tlon of Hawaii M a natural and Inevitable
consummation. In harmony with our needs
and in fulfillment of our cherished traditions.
The questlone heretofore exlsttug between
Hawaii and Japan, growing out of the alleged
mistreatment of Japanese treaty immlgranta,
were. I am pleased to say. adjusted before
the act of transfer by the payment of a rea
sonable indemnity to the government ot
JnUuaT the provisions of the Joint resolu
tion the existing customs relations ot th
Hawaiian Islands with the United states ana
with other countries remain unchanged until
legislation shall otherwise provide. The con
suls of Hawaii, here and In foreign couutr ca,
continue to fulnll Ihelr commercial agencies,
while the Unitid States consulate at Hono
lulu is maintained for appropriate services
perf-ining to trade and the revenue. It
wcv i be desirable that all foreign consuls
lnde Hawaiian Islands should receive new
exequaturs from this government.
The attention of congress is called to the
fact that our consular office havlnn ceased
to exist in Hawaii, and being about to cease
In other countries coming under the sover
eignty of the United States, the provision
for the relief and transportation of destitute
Ameiican seamen in these countries under
our consular regulations will In consequence
terminate. It is proser, therefore, that new
legislation should be enacted upon this sub
ject In order to meet the changed conditions.
THK CZAR'S DISARMAMENT PROPOSAL
The proposal of the car for a general re
duction of the vast military establishments
that weigh so heavily upon many people In
time of peace was communicated to this gov
ernment with an earnest Invitation to be
represented in the conference which Is con
templated to embt with a view to dis
cussing the means of accomplishing so de
sirable a result. His majesty was at once
Informed or the cordial sympathy of this
government with the principle Involved in his
exalted proposal, and ot the readiness of the
United Stntes to tako part In the conference.
The active military forces of the United
States, as measuted by our population, terri
torial area and taxablo wealth. Is, and under
any conceivable prospective conditions must
continue f be. In timo of pence, ro con
spicuously less than that of the armed pow
ers to whom the czar's appeal Is especially
addressed, that the epiostlon can fcave for us
no practical importance ave as marking an
auspicious step toward the betterment of the
condition of the modern peoples and the cul
tivation of peace and gocd will among them,
hut in this view it behooves us as a nation
to lend countenance and nld to the beneficent
projet t. I
A NAVAL, RED CROSS.
Immediately after tho outbreak of the
war with Spain .the Swiss government, ful
filling the high mission it has deservedly
assumed ai the patron of the International
Red Crots, prnpesed to the United States and
Spain that they shcvM severally iecosn.se
and crtry into execution, as a ncJus vlvcndi.
during the continuance of hostilities, tho
additional articles proposed by tho Interna
tional conference of Geneva, October 20, lSt-S,
extending the effects of tho existing Red
Cross convention of lStH to the conduct of
naval war. Following the example ei uj
France and Germany in ls.u in aauiuius
a modus Vivendi, and in view cf the cession
cf tho United States to those additional arti
cles in 1SS2, although Oie exchange of ratlfl
cations there"? still icinetns unaffected, the
Swiss proposal was promptly aud cordially
accepted by us, and, simultaneously, by
Spain.
Thle government feds a keen satisfaction
In having thus been enabled to testify Its ad
herence to the broadest principles of human
ity even amidst tho clash of war, and It Is
to be boped that the extension of the Red
Cross compact to hostilities by sea as well
as on land may soon become an accomplished
fact, through the general promulgation ot the
additional naval Red Cross articles by the
maritime powers now parties to the conven
tion of ISM.
VICTORY FOR ARBITRATION.
The arbitral tribunal appoluted under the
treaty of February 2. lsT, betweeu Great
Britain and Veneiuela. to determine the
boundary line between the latter and the
colony of British Guiana, Is to convent at
Paris during the present month. It is a
source of much gratification to this govern
ment to see the friendly resort of arbitration
applied to the settlement of this controversy,
not alone because of the earnest part we
have bad In bringing about the result, but
also because the two members named on be
half of Veneiuela, Mr. Chief Justice Fuller
and Mr. Justice Brewer, chosen from our
hlgh'st court, appropriately testify ILe con
tinuing Interest we feel la the definite ad
justment of the question according to the
strictest rules of Justice The British mem
bers. Lord Herschell and Sir Richard Collins,
ate Jurists ot uo less exalted repute, while
the fifth member and ptesident of the tri
bunal, M. F. de Martens, has earned a world
wide reputation as an authority upon inter
national law.
PRIVATE PROPERTY EXEMPT IN WAR.
The experiences of the last year bring forc
ibly home to us a sense of the burdens and
the waste of war. We desire in common
with most civilised nations to reduce to the
lowest possible point the damage sustained
Ip time of war by peaceable trade and com
merce. It Is true, we may suffer in such
cases less than other communities, but all
nations are damaged more or less by the
Mate of uneasiness and apprehension into
which an outbreak of hostilities throws the
entire commercial world. It should be our
object, therefore, to minlmlie, so far as
practicRhle. this Inevitable loss and disturb
ance. This purpose can probably be best ac
complished by an international agreement
to regai d all private property at sea as ex
empt from capture or destruction by the
forces of belligerent powers. The United
States government has for many years advo
cated this humane and beneficent principle
and la now in a position to recommend It to
other powers without the Imputation of sel
fish motives. I therefore suggest for your
consideration that tho executive be author
ized to correspond with the government of
the principal maritime powers with a view
of Incorporating Into tho permanent law of
civilized nations the principle of the exemp
tion of all private property at sea, not con
traband of war, from capture or destruction
by belligerent powers.
GOVERNMENT FINANCES.
The Secretaiy of the Treasury reports that
the receipts of the government from ail
sources dutlng the fiscal year ended June 30,
ls98, Including PH.751.223, received from sale
ot Paeillc railroads, amounted to (405,321,335,
and Its expenditures to HM.3i,M2. There
was collected from customs JI'i.b76.(12, and
from internal revenue fl70.900.lni. Our duti
able imports amounted to $324,635,479, de
crease of $". 156,690 over the preceding year,
And importations free of duty amounted to
$291,414,175. a decrease from the preceding
ye-ar of $aO,524,0S. Internal revenue receipts
exceeded those, of the preceding year by JJ4.
212,087. The total tax collected on distilled spirits
was 192 230,522, and on fermented liquors,
$39,515,421. - We reported merchandise during
the year amounting to $1,231,482,330, an in
crease of $180.4X8,774 from the preceding year.
It Is estimated upon the basis of present
revenue laws that the receipts of the govern
ment for the year ending June SO, 1K99, will
be $i77,K74.M7, and Its expenditures $HX9,874,
647, resulting In a deficiency of $112,0O0,0'O.
On tbe 1st of December, 1898, there was
held In the treasury gold coin amounting to
$138,502 45. gold bullion amounting to $138,
502.54; silver bullion amounting to $93,359.
250. and other forms of money amounting to
$r.l,693 981.
On the some date the amount of money of
all kinds in circulation, or not Included In
treasury holdings, was $1,886,879,304, an In
crease for the year of $165,794,966. Estimat
ing our population at "5.194,000 at the time
mentioned, the per capita circulation was
$L5.09. On the same dote there was in the
treasury gold buliioa amounting to $138.
IM.C45. BENEFITS OF THE COLD 8TANDARD.
The provisions made for strengthening the
resources of the treasury In connection with
the war las given increased confidence in
the purpce und power of the government to
maintain the present standard, and has es
tablished more firmly than ever the national
credit at ho:ne and abroad. A marked evi
dence of this is found In the Inflow of gold
to tho treasury. Its net geld holdings on No-
vemi.tr, i, iw. were f2.i!i,h5.Hi2 as compared
with I 153.573,1 7 on November 1, 197, and an
increase e.f net cash of $2.)7.7.V.,1"0, Novem
ber 1. 1.-.97, to $.ilw.2.iji,2T3 November 1, ISks.
The pre sent ratio of net trensury gold to out
standing government liabilities, not includ
ing Unit?T States notes, treasury notes of
lJu, silver certificates, currency certificates.
stanOrd silver dollars, and fractional silver
coin, November 1. Iwt8. was 25.35 per cent., as
compared with 16 96 per cent. November 1.
18'7.
I renew so nun h of my recommendation
of December. 1W. as follows: "That when
any of the United States notes are nre.em-,1
for redemption in geld and are redeemed In
goiu, auen notes snail be kept and set apart
and only paid out In exchange for old.
This Is an obvious duty. If the holder of
the United Stntes noto prefers the gold and
gets it frcn the government, be should not
receive back from the government a United
States note without paying gold In exchange
n.r it. toe reason lor this is made all the
more apparent when tbe government Issues
an Interest-bearing debt to provide gold tor
the redemption of United 8tates notes a non
Interest bearing debt. Surely It should not.
pay them out again except In demand tor
gold, li they are put out In any other way
they may return again, to be followed by
another bond issue to redeem them, another
Interest-bearing debt to redeem a non-tuter-est-bearlng
debt."
This recommendation was made In the be
lief that such provisions of law would Insure
to a greater degree the safety of the present
standard, and better protect our currency
from the dangers to which It la subjected
from a disturbance In the general business
conditions of the country.
CURRENCY LEGISLATION NEEDED.
In my Judgment the present rendition of
the treasury amply Justifies the Immediate
enactment of the legislation refommended
one yar ago. under which a portion ot tho
gold holdings should b placed in a trual
fund from which greenbacks would be re
deemed upon- presentation, but when once
redeemed should not thereafter be paid out
except for gold. ,
It la not to be Inferred that other legisla
tion relating to our currency la not required;
on the eontrary there is obvloua demand for
It. The Importance of adequate provision
which will Insure to our future a money
standard related aa our money standard now
Is to that of our commercial rivals, is gener
ally recognised.
The companion proposition that our domes
tic currency shall be kept safe and yet be so.
relanM to the needs of our Industries and In
ternal commerce as to be adequate and re
sponsive) to such needs Is a proposition
scarcely less Important The subject. In all
Its parts, la commended to tbe wise consider
ation o! Congress.
WANTED) A MARITIME POLICY.
The annexation of Hawaii and the changed
relations of the United States to Cuba. Porto
Rico ana the Philippines resulting from the
war, compel the prompt action of a maritime
policy by the United Stntes. There should
be established regular and frequent steam
ship communication, encouraged by the
United State, under the American fltg, with
the newly acquired Islands. Spain furnished
Its colonies nt an annual cost of about two
millions of dollnrs, steamship llnes communi
cating with a portion of the world's mar
kets aa well as with trade centers of the
home government The United Stntes will
not undertake to do less. It Is our duty to
furnish the people with facilities, under na
tional control, for their export and import
trade. It will be conceded that the present
situation calls for legislation which ahall be
prompt, durable and liberal.
Th. part which American merchant vessels
and their seamen performed In the war with
Spain demonstrates that this service, furnish
ing both pickets and the second line of do
fense, Is a national necessity, and shiuld be
encouraged in every constitutions! y-
Details and methods for the accomplish
mni of this nurnose are discussed In the re
port of the secretary for the treasury, to
which the attention of CoiiGres" Is respectful
ly invited.-
THE REGULAR ARMY.
Under the act of Congress approved April
26, 198, authorizing the President in his dis
cretion "upon a declaration of war by Con
gress, nr a declaration by Congress that war
exist," I directed the lncreuse of tho regular
army to the maximum of 62,000 authorlied la
said act.
There are now In the regular army G7.8o2
officers and men. In said act It was pro
vided "that at the end of any war In which
the United States becomes involved the army
shall be reduced to a peace basis by tue
transfer In the same arm of the service or
absorption by promotion or honorable dis
charge under suc h relations as the secretary
or war may establish of supernumerary com
missioned offices and the honorable discharge
or transfer of supernumerary enlisted men;
and no'.blng contained In this act suall be
construed aa authorizing the permanent In
crease of the commissioned or enlisted force
oi the regular army beyond that now pro
vided by the law in force prior to the pas
sage of this art. except as to the Increase ot
25 majors provided for In section 1 thereof."
The Importance of legislation for the per
manent Increase of tho army la therefore
manifest, and the recommendation of the
secretary of war for that purpose bas my
qualified approval. There can be no queatiea
that at thla time and probably for some time
In the future, one hundred thousand men
will be none too many to meet the necessi
ties of the situation. At all events, whether
that number ahall be required permanently
or not, tbe power should be given to the
President to enlist that force If In bis dis
cretion it should be necessary; and the
further discretion should be given to him to
recruit for the army witiitn the above limit
from tbe Inhabitants of the Island with the
government of which we are charged.
It is my purpose to muster out the entire
volunteer army as soon as the Congress shall
provide for the Increase of the regular estab
lishment This will be only an act of Justice
and will be much appreciated by the brave
men who left their homes and employments
to help the country In Its emergency.
INCREASE OF THE NAVY.
The following recommendations of the sec
retary of the navy relative to the Increase ot
the navy have my earnest approval:
First Three seagoing sheathed and cop
pered battleships of about 13,500 tons trial
disnlacement carrying tbe heaviest armor,
powerful ordnance for vessels ot their class,
and to have the highest practicable speed
and great radius of action. Estimated cost,
exclusive of armor and armament, $3,600,000
each.
Second Three sheathed and coppered ar
mored cruisers of about 12,000 tons trial dis
placement, carrying the heaviest armor and
most powerful ordnance for vessels of their
class, and to have the highest practicable
speed and great radius of action. Estimated
cost, exclusive of armor and armament, $4,
OuO.000 each.
Three Three sheathed and coppered pro
tected cruisers of about 6.000 tons trial dis
placement; to bave tbe highest practicable
speed and great radius of action, and to carry
the most powerful ordnance suitable for ves
sels of their class. Estimated cost, exclusive
ot armor and armament, $2,150,000 each.
Fourth Six sheathed and coppered cruisers
of about 2.500 tons trial displacement; to hava
the highest apeed compatible with good cruis
ing qualities, great radius or action, and to
carry the most powerful ordnance suited to
vessels or their class Estimated cost, ex
clusive ot armament, $1,141,800 each.
I Join with the sec ret a y of tbe navy In
recommending that the grades ot admiral and
vice admiral be temporarily revived, to be
filled by officers who bave especially dis
tinguished themselves In the wsr with Spain,
WILLIAM McKINLEY.
ENDLESS CHAIN LETTER.
Money Still Coming In for tht Red Cross Ice
Fund.
The endless chain started In an idle
moment by Miss Adelaide Schenck oC
Babylon, L. I., la nearlng its end. More
than 200,000 letters and more than $22,-
000 have been received, although only
$1,000 was asked for by the originator.
This sum, it was hoped, would start an
ire fund for the poor soldiers in Cuba.
Winter is here, ice has become a drug
on the market, but the fund still
grows.
Miss Schenck meant well when she
sent out the first ten letters asking for
10 cents each from, the recipients and a
continuance of the circle, but she lit
tlo know what the resuit would be.
In addition to the envelopes contain
ing money there were envelopes con
taining no .money, which had been
robbed en routi, and envelopes di
rected to the postmaster of Babylon
asking about the commercial stand
lng of Miss Schenck, who is the grand
daughter of Matthew Morgan, a re-
tlied New York banker, whose winter
home is at No. 2S4 Lexington avenue,
The receipt and answer of those let
ters cf Ineiulry by Postmaster Dowden
of Ilabylon netted the government
crnpldprtble revenue.
Day by day the mall for Miss Schenck
grew. In vain she appealed to the
press to stop the flow of silver. The
pool of charity was first rippled in
July, but the ripples have augmented
nnd are still widening. The letters are
Mill coming in at the rate of 100 a day.
Miss Schenck has tied to New York
and her grandfather yesterdav de
clared that neither he nor his charm
ing granddaughter vould have any
thing more to do with It.
The money has been turned over to
the Red Cross society. Some of It was
used for the Ice fund for the soldiers,
the rest has been used In other ways
for the relief of the veterans of the
Spanish-American wax.
HIS WISHES.
He wants "a press wagon" a ball and a drum?
And "what did you bring me?" each night when looms
Still, still that's tbe question, alt others above
And I answer: "My love, dear I'v brought you my love!"
Now, he knows not of poverty; for his bright eyes
Hold the wealth ot the world and the wealth of the skies;
He reeks not of stocks If they rise if they (all;
He knows not that love Is the best gift of all!
With his arms 'round my neofc In the dewy twilight,
And a sparkle In eyes that the angnls made bright,
Still still the same questiou, all others above
Aad I kiss him, nnd auswer; "My love, dear my lovo!"
And yet it tho cold that the wide world could bold
Were mine, for the dear one my fond arms untold
I'd Kive It, and dwell in a heaven ot bliss
uy rioues alone iu a ucue one
g ROMANCE OP THE
0 PALE-PACE GODDESS.
By Winifred Blacfc.
Six years ago JIlss Lydla Lyons, a
dauehter of Maior Lvons. of Chicago, in t
moment ot entuuslastto Impulse, renounced
all the pomp unit vanities ot the world and
went out to work among tbe Indians aud
to save their souls la the name ot the Great
White Spirit. Among the Arnpnlioe there
was one llerce, wild spirit she could not
Christianize. He was Tlxloo, tue nnest
tighter and the worst Indian ot bis tribe.
"I will become a Clirlstlun it you will bo
come my wife." he said. "I will become
your wife it you will not commit a slu In
three years," she answered, in it moment
ot despair, never dreaming tor moment
the savage could keen his compact. Hut
be was stole, like an Indians. Ana ne am.
"It I break my promise I will lo9e my
soul," she sutJ. "It I marry him I may
save his."
She plunged a dagger into ber heart last
week. Tixico, elmnk over since the nlgbt
ot their wedding, shot their baby ns It
crawlod over her cold brotist. He lias been
Jatlod aad will liaug.
HIS is the story
of Tixico, a
chief of the In
dian A r a p a -hoes,
aud of
Lyiiia, his
beautiful white
squaw. He was
the bravest and
the worst In
dian of his
tribe.
The Indians
called her
"the Pale
face Goddess."
It is a true story, and it is not qnite
ended yet. She was fonnd dead with
a dagger wound in her breast. She
plunged the dagger into her heart
herself. "
Tixico is under arrest atTecumseh,
in Oklahoma, for shooting their baby
as it lay playin g upon its dead mother's
breast.
This tragedy of two souls Chris
tian and savage began in Chicago.
Lydia Lyons was the prettiest girl
on the North Side a few years ago.
Her father was Major Henry Lyons,
man of position and influence.
Lydia Lyons had a comfortable
home and a host of friends.
She was an enthusiastic, impulsive
little thing, with a pair of long lashed
bice eyes, that had a trick of blazing
into remarkable brilliancy under auy
strong emotion.
One day, after she had been to a
dance the night before, she went to a
parlor meeting, where a missionary
told some pretty stories about the
work among the Indians in the far
West.
All the women at the meeting were
very much interested in the mission
work.
They bought hand worked slippers,
and plaited baskets, and told each
other how sweet the missionary speak
er was and how they wished they
could be noble and disinterested like
her. And then they went home and
hung the Indian bead work and the
plaited baskets in their rooms beside
the dauco programmes and the col
lege colors, and forgot all about the
Indians and the woman svhq told them
about thorn.
Lydia Lyons did not forget.
She bought books on the American
Indian and his mode of life. She
read missionary tracts about the bless
edness of work among the savages.
She went to see the missionary speak
er, and one day she went to her
father and said:
"I'm going to be a missionary to the
Indians. I'm tired of doing nothing
but have a good time. I want to be of
some use in the world. Will you help
me?"
Brave old Major Lyons looked at
his frail little daughter.
Her cheeks were flaming, and her
blue eyes were ablaze, but she spoke
very quietly.
"Will you help me, papa?" she cried.
And Major Lyons said "yes."
So he sent his daughter to the Illi
noin Training School for Nurses.
Aa thought tho hard and the dis
couraging drudgery of the hospital
wards would cure her of her wish to
bo a missionary.
Ho was :i:ista':e:i.
Lydia Lyous was a liorn nurse, the
doeHoi's at t'ao hospital said, and when
nliu graduated she went straight out to
Foi l Sill, Indian Territory, aud began
hsr work. .
She went out with tho soldiers, and
ro.ie all through tho Indian Territory.
She preached to tho Iudinu braves
and weutiutothe straggling tepees and
nursed tho Indian children, one
showed the squaws how to take cavoof
their funny little brown babies, white
woman fnshiou. Sho showed them
how to write. She gave them yards
and yards of new red calico, and
showed them how to make dresses out
of it. She taught them' how to wash
with a washboard, aud how to clean
house, and how to make bead work
mottoes with "God is Love" on them.
tussi
F. L. Stanton.
The Indians sat in a solemn circle
and listoued gravely to the preaching.
When she had finished, they filed
past her in a long trailing line.
Each Indian as he passed the "whito
squaw with tho speech like tho winds
of the evening," held out his hand.
If Miss Lyous dropped a few cents
into the hand the warrior stalked on
in dignified silence.
If she let the outstretched palm re
main empty, the warrior spoke gnttur
ally and regarded hor with small eyes
of suspioibu.
The squaws sat by the door of the
tepee aud looked at the "white squaw
with the busy hands," ami let her
clean tho tepee, and build the fire, aud
wash the babies, aud wheu she was
gone they laughed together and rubbed
the bnbies with the oil of the prairie
dog to keep it from taking cold, aud
they took the new little woolen socks
off the babies' feet and tied the babies
up in their bark cases and sat down
and marked the bead work mottoes,
saying "Gcd is Love," nnd when the
mottoes were finished they took them
to tho settlements and sold them, and
bought firo water and brought it home
to the warriors, aud all was well in
the tepees.
But for all the laughing nnd the
scolding about the cleaning of the
tepees, the squaws loved tho white
squaw, for her voice was geutle, and
her shining eyes were blue, like the
snnimcr sky, and they were bright
liko the summer sunshine, and when
the babies were sick she would como
and nnrse them, and let the squaws
goon with the bead work, which was
really a help in the village.
So, to please '"er, they learned to
answer tho questions she asked them
about the Great Spirit, and they tried
to looked interested when sho talked
to them abont the Happy Hunting
Grounds of tho whito nrau.
Tor five years the white squaw
worked happily among the Indians. .
She rode from village to village, bu
her wiry little mustang, and there was
always room in the tepees for her and
her books and her soft voico and eyes
like tue skies in summer.
Ouo day there came to tho meeting
of the warriors aud the old men. a
youug brave, very handsome. lie was
straight and tall and lithe. He could
outrun any lad in the nation. Ho could
outshoot tho oldest scout in the whito
man's army. He could leap over the
burning camp-fire, as a buck leaps in
the spring time among the budding
trees of the forest.
He could make songs, like the singer
of the Chippewas. He was the leoder
of the young men of tho nation, aud
he smiled when he saw the. white
squaw talking to the warriors and old
men.
The young man's name was Tixico.
The soldiers at the forts knew him.
They did not like him. They said he
was a bad Indian. He drank and
gambled and stole horses, and he
fought always with a knife he fought
nnd they warned Miss Lyons of him
and of his influence among the young
men of his tribe.
Miss Lyons listenod to the tales of the
wickedpess of tho young mai:, and her
heart softened to the young man who
had made her good squaws laugh at
her. She pitied him for his wild and
wicked life, aud she determined; to
snatch him as a brand plucked from
tho burning.
So when she saw Tixico riding across
the prairie like a cloud chased by a
storm-wind, she waited until he came
near, and she called to him, and at
first he would not stop for all her call
ing. He rode by like a whirling thunder
clou J, and tried to frighten her wiry
little mustang and make him'run away.
. But one day he stopped long enough
to see that the white squaw had blue
eyes aud a smile liko the moon shining
in tue early dusk of evening, at:u
after that ho listened patiently to hor
talk of tho Great Spirit,
One day r,he told him that her heart
was grieved to hoar of his gaming and
his drinking, and Tixico looked grave
lv at her sitting on her horse iu the
brirrht sunnhinc.
Her eyes were serious, but they
shone, nnd her face was as the face of
a good, little child,
"I will drink no more," said Tixico,
"nor garalilo no more. 1 will no as
you and the Great Spirit will me to ;1o
if you will marry me, white-man
fashion, and como to my tepes and be
my sqn.aw red-man fanhiou.
Tho si:glo-miudcd little white girl
drew a long breath and looked away
over tho prairies and told Tixico that
he must never, never speak to her like
that again.
But Tixico did not obey.
He talked to her many times, and
always he told her that he would be a
good Indian if aha would marry him,
white-mau fashion, and come aud live
in hit tepee, Indian fashion.
When she had heard Tixico say this
many times she looked at him and saw
that he was young and handsome.and
she knew he was brave and a leader
among the young men of his nation,
and sho pitied him for his savag
heart, aud she said:
"Tixioo, if you will be a good Indian
for three years if I hear nothing bnt
good of you in that time come to me,
I will answer what you have said. But
iu all the three years you must not
speak to me agaiu of these things."
Tixioo became a good Indian.
fJHe gave up all his wild companions.
He drank no more, he gambled no
more. He stayed on the reservation
aud he spoke words of wise counsel to
the young ineu of his tribe, until they
said:
"It is not Tixico -the wild, the
brawling Tixico. It's some white inau
from the schools of the goad who
wears his skin.''
At tho end of the three years Tixico
rode to the village where Miss Lyons
was preaching. He went and joined
tho sileut circle of warriors who
lislcned gravely to her eloquent words
of appeal. When she had finished
speaking Tixico strodo through the
circle and took her hand.
"The three years are gone." he
said. "I am tired of waiting. Come.
"We will bo married white-man's
fashion and you shall be my squaw
and live in my tepee, Indiau fashion."
Aud tho little whito girl shuddered
au instant, remembered her promise,
and kept it.
"If I break my promise I will lose
my bouI; if I marry him I may save
his."
There was a great feast and all the
villagers flocknd to the wedding.
There were Sioux and Apaches and
Coinauchos and Arapnhoes, all iu their
festival feathers.
The cowboys came from miles and
milos around. . They rode in over the
range with a bravo show of big silver
trimmed hats and Mexican saddles,
and they swore horribly when they
saw the beautiful white woman who
was going to marry Tixioo, the good
Indian,
The squaws dressed tht bride.
A little Arapahoe maiden b'rought
the bride a snow-white feather from
great eagle, to bring the white
squaw a nappy wigwam, and an old
Sioux crone, whose eldest born the
white squaw had nursed through a
fever, brought her a pair of moccasins
made of white fur with the sacred
charm, which brings many sons,
scratched on the inside of the sole,
and the yellow harvest moon of the
great prairies shono down on a whit
woman and a red man married white
man's fashion.
That was three years ago.
The third day after the wedding
Tixioo's wife sat in tho tepee, writing
a lettor to an old school friend, tell
ing her of her marriage and of her ex
altation, when some one gave a long
hallo" outside the door. "
. Tixico's wife rose and looked out.
Tixioo sat on his horse iu front of
the tepee.
"Come, come!" ho said in his native
tonguo. "You are lazy. Take my
horse."
When the woman went out to do
her husband's bidding she saw that
he swayed iu tho saddle aud that his
eyes glared upon her in druuken
fury.
"We were married white man a
fashion," ho said, "but we are living
red mau's fashion," and because she
was dazed aud did not answer him or
move from tho doorway he sprang
from his horse and knocked the white
woman, who had come to livo with
him Indian fashion, down, and kicked
her.
She lived Indian fashion ever after.
Ten months ago hor heart took cour
age, she had a son.
"When TiAco see our boy," sue
said to the old squaw who nursed her,
"he will be kinder to rue.
Whon Tixico saw the boy he laughed
bitterly. "It is a cursed half breed,"
he said, and he struck the newborn
baby in its helpless little face.
Last week she held np their baby
once more for him to fondle.
Again he hit the half-breed baby
in the faoe and strnok its mother.
The white woman reeled and stag
gered into the back of the tepeo.
She held her little son ' to her
heart and threw herself on her rough
bed.
An hour later she was dead.
She had stabbed hersolf to the
heart.
Tixico came upon her lying with
tho living baby playing on its mother's
breast.
He stood silent quite still for a mo
ment. Then he took his pistol and
shot the baby dead and fired again
and again through the dead bodies of
his wife and child.
Tho old Cheyenne squaw went out
and told the story.
"The white sqnaw who wanted to
live Indian fashion is dead," she
said.
"Ugh!" said the warriors nnd the
old men.
Tho squaws giggled together.
"Her Great Spirit charm could not
save her," they said, and they went
back to the bead work mottoes, which
said "God is Love." New York Jour
nal. Attacked by Flock nr Gcene.
The youug son of Jacob Green,
while going through the barnyard at
Bucyrus, Ohio, was attacked by a
flock of geese. He was knocked down
and his nose anil cars were torn off
and his face badly bitten. His calls
brought holp, but he was senseless
when found and tho geese were still
tearing him to pieces. Chicago Iuter
Ocean. The deepest coal mine in the world
is the Lambert, in Belgium; you cap
descend 5190 feet.