. Slit cgtrot jKtpuMtow.
IB rUULlMllKu EVEUY WKDNKSDAY, BY
IITICE IN ROBINSON A BONNER'S BUILDDIO
; .. KLM STREET, TIONESTA, PA.
,
s TERMS, f 1.60 A YEAR.
No Subscription received for a shorter
i i I'-if tli:i:i llircn iiuuitliH.
'(i ri'Si)inlr'iii'f solicited trom all part
i, IIki coimli.- No notice will lio taken ot
IIIIOII.VIIIOUH COIM 111 II ificaliofis.
Ratoa of Advertising.
On Square (1 iii-li,inr Insertion - $!
OnaSquare " ono month - S M
One Square " tliree Hiontlin - M!
OnoHquaro " oiw jcf - - 1(1 Oi,
Two .Squares, on yeai - - 1 o
QunrterCol. :!o u
Half .. - M t o
One " ---- ioo CO
"Legal notice at established l ates.
Marriage and death notices, gratis.
All bills for yearlv advertisements col
lected quarterly. Tptnpornry ndvertiMo
menta must bo 'paid for in advance.
Job work, Cauli on Dcli'-ei y.
VOL. XIII. NO. 1. TIONESTA, PA., MARCH 24, 1880.
$1.50 Per Annum,
The Story or a Life.
A child in anurservoijing ahoy in a cricket
... . . field " out !"
A youth lor a phnnt.ny N:phing a man with
ft (It ol the gout
A heiu't dried up ami narrow.cd a task re
pent od in vain
A Hold plowed dorp and harrowed, but bare
ami lumen of Rutin.
, Some Sonne ol oxperienco wasted, of coiinBcl
tnisundorhtood,
Ofplenaiirtj hitter whon luntcd, and pain that
did him no gmul.
A ltit uro hope Im't-henitod, lor dim is the
luluru now,
That the ripple, cord is parted, find death in
damp on the brow.
And the debt to ay by tho debtor a doctor,
a lnwyor, a nuro,
A (puling ho tthouhl have been better, a doubt
il ho could have boen wonte;
While the ghostly fltfr traces its ghostly
tncMMHe of doom,
And a troop. of ghostly faces passed on in
a darkoni d room j
With ghottlly shapoj to beckon, and ghostly
voices to call,
And the trim recorder to reckon, and add tho
tot ft! ol all.
A sum ol lite expended a pearl in a pig
0 trough eat ,
A comedy pbiycd and ended and what has
it come to at last T
The dead limn piopptd on a pillow tho
journey taken alone
The tomb with an urn and a willow, and a lie
c.irved deep in the stone !
BLAKE'S WIDOW.
Jom IMake was shot dead in his own
doorway by Antonio Gueldo, and the
trial was to come ofi'directly.
The extraordinary interest in the
affair whs less dun lo the murder and its
peculiar circumstances, than to the fact
that this was the first case tried at San
Satin in Hiiy more formal court than the
tin.r-l.unon o institution of Judge
Lynch. J m bad hei n a quiet man and
a (rood neiiih or, with a hand always
ready to help one who wan out of lin k
so public Knlinunt run pretty y.V
against A nb nio. lithe general incli
nation had been followed as, uptothul
tin o it always had the last named gen
tleman would have found very fcivi t
opportunity to make any remarks in h
own be halt.
However, tilings were advancing: at
San Saba as well as elsewhere",' nnil h
wouldn't do to hang Antonia with tit h
regular trial, no matter hor arjreciible
Btu-li a proceeding might be to the peo
ple at large.
So ran the opinion expressed by Judge
Filbaldo. whose ideas on such subject
were usually accepted without c. in
ment.
Nrtvrtlieh-Ms there wm more than
one dis-enter in the present instance, lo
whom it was by no means clpar that
there could be any sense or protitin thus
beating about the bush.
" Ef Antonio's goin ter be hung, why
don't we hang him P''
This w.vs the pertinent query of Jake
Smith, the lender ol the opposing fac
tion, and his view of the question put it
in so clear a light that the judge hnd
great difficulty in impressing people with
his conviction. He said that tilings had
gone on in an irregular way long enough ;
and here was a way to start the law in
properly, and give it a ftdr show, re
sides, it'didn't make any kind of differ
ence Antonia had shut Jem, hadn't he P
Well, then, what was the use of talking!
All the jury would have to do now was
to return their verdict of guiltv In the
first degree, and there you were ail com
fortable. .
It was just the same tiling in the end
exactly.
"I tell yer,"8aid the judge, who felt
tho weight of liia title, albeit the same
was i.ltogether one of courtesy ; " I tell
yer there's nothin' like doin' a thing
reg'lar; panikerlally when ycr know
just how it's comin' out."
So the judo's argument, supported by
, his influence, and increasing byisat San
Saba in favor of more civilized views,
settled tho matter and it was decided
that Antonio Gueldo should bo tried be
fore he was hanged.
As there was no place, specially ar
ranged for such ceremonies, Judge Pil
baklo hospitably offered the use ol his
shed.
Here a rough table and cliair were
placed for the judge, the other necessary
furniture, intended to represc-t the
dock, the stand,, etc., being eked out
with boxes from Silas Baggett's grocery
store.
Jake Smith looked on at these pre
parations lor a time with frowning dis
content, and then strolled down the
road, turning into the lane that led to
Blake's.
When ho reached the door of the
shanty he leaned against the jamb and
poked his naked head inside, fanning
himself in an embarrassed way with his
greasy fragment of a hat. He had come
there with the intention of saying some
tiring, but the sight within made him
forget it.
Blake's widow sat there, as she had
sat pretty much al the time since the
murder, staring straight before her.witli
her chin in her palm. The sunlight
struck through the foliage of the red oak
trees that grew before the door, and
checkered with flickering briahtness the
floor and cradle in which Jem's baby
was sleeping.
There it was, just as it had been three
days ago; (could it be only three days?)
just as it had been when she went out
that looming to look after the drying
clothes, and left him standing in the
door by the cradle, (how fond he was of
the baby) just aa it was when she heard
the crack of the pistol, and ran in with
an awful sense of .suffocating fright;
jut the same as she had found Kim lying
upon the cradle, dabbling it white linen
with his blood, and the baby playing
with his hair. She screamed once, the
first and last complaint any one had
heard her make; then she was quiet and
helpful through all; when the men
came and lifted him up; when they laid
him on the rough bed in the other room ;
when they carried him to the gr.vve, she
followed with the baby in her arms.
Jake Smith was trying to find the link
missing in his thoughts; he sniffed with
perplexity or something and Blake's
widow looked up without speaking
Jake nodded pleasantly four or five
times.
" Pooty chipperP" asked he.
Blake's widow smiled sadly, bent over
the sleeping child and smoothed the
clothes with a tender touch.
" They're ngoin' ter try him in a
court," Jake went ou, " an' I don't be
lieve "
"Try who AntonioP" She turned
toward tho burly figure in the door with
a flash of interest in her black eyes.
"Yes. The judge is making a court
out of his shed. I hope it '11 turn out
all right, but it seems like giv.ng that
Mexican a chance he oughtn t to have."
"He can't get clear, can heP" she
asked, rocking the cradle gently and
patting the coverlet.
"I don't see how, but he's got some
kind of a law cuss to speak for him a
fellow that stopped here a day or two
ago on his way to Galveston, and it
makes me kind o' nervous."
Blake's widow did not appear to no
tice tho last remark, for the child, dis
turbed by tho talking, had awakened
and sat up in his cradle with a wonder
ing look.
"l'ooty, aint heP" said Jake, regard
ing the small figure with interest.
" Looks just like ahem 1 you. Poor
little I a" he stammered and
treated his hat like a mortal enemy.
' Of course he's had you've got there
aint nothin' I could do far ye, maybeP"
She answered with grateful look,
but it was accompanied by a shake of
the head.
Jake bent down, and, with his big
forefinger, softlyrumbled the hair of
the baby's head; then ho went out and
left them, Blake's widow sitfcing as he
hr.d found her, and the baby staring
down the path after him.
He walked on until he reached the
top of the little bill, where he could
look down upon the roof which cov
ered the piteous scene he had just left.
Here he seemed to have half a mind to
turn back, for he hesitated and stopped,
but he changed his partial intention
after fingering a moment, and walked
meditatively onward, with the excla
mation, " Wall, some women do beat
the dickens amaz'n'."
ii.
Of course everybody came to the trial.
The arrangements were soon found to
bo altogether too menger. Pilblado't.
shed was filled to overflowing, and
Raggett made a clean sweep of every
empty box in his store.
Antonio's lawyer, a sharp-eyed, sharp
foatured fellow from Galveston, had
bustled about with surprising agility on
the day previous, holding mysterious
conference with ill-conditioned fellows
of Gueldo's kidney.
Jake Smith was highly dissatisfied,
and even the judge was heard to utter
some misgivings; however, by the time
the proceedings had really commenced
he gained confidence.
Tho court was assembled, the jury had
been chosen, and the witnesses were all
present save one Blake's widow.
Prstty soon there was a stir at the
door, then a murmur of surprise ran
through the crowded room.
" 1 he blamed," said Jake Smith, au
dibly, "if she hasn't brought her baby!"
What reason she may have had for
not leaving the little thing in charge of
some sympathizing M'oman and there
were plenty who would have been glad
of the trust was not apparent; how
ever that might be, there it was clasped
firmly in her arms, its bright red cheek
contrasting with her whiteness, and its
father's sunny hair mingJing with her
dark locks.
With some difficulty way was made
through the throng to her seat, which
had been placed on one side of the judgp,
directly opposite the candle-box on the
other, where Antonio sat. She took
her place and never moved during the
whole of the trial, excepting a3 she was
required to testify, and once when the
baby tugged at some glistening thing
that lay hidden in the folds of her dress,
at which she took pai s to distract its
attention with a chip from the floor.
As for the baby, it sat there with its
big, blue eyes open to their fullest ex
tent, entirely absorbed in the novel
scene, save at the momsnt when that ir
resistible glitter caught its eye.
Every one being now present, the trial
went on in good earnest. A number of
witnesses were examined, whose testi
mony showed that Gueldo had had
trouble with Blake, and more than once
threatened his life ; that Gueldo's pistol
was one charge empty on the evening of
the day of the murder, whereas in the
morning it had been full ; that he was
seen that morning around Blake's
house, and, more than that, Blake's
widow had heard Gueldo's voice just
before the fatal shot, and had seen his
retreating form as she ran out.
At this point the Galveston lawyer
asked the witness a few questions re
garding how she knew it was Gueldo's
and how she had recognized the voice
for his. She didn't know how exactly,
but was none the less sure for that.
There h id been a rumor about that
some one had heard Antonio make a
boast of having" done for Blake this
time," but if there was a witness fortius
he could not be found now.
And so the prosecution closed.
The Galveston lawyer began by in
volving in a whirlpool of hopless con
tradiction the witness who had sworn
to having seen (iueldo near Blake's
house. Then he expatiated on the case
with which one person may be mis
taken for another, and brought a wit
ness to show how Gueldo had already
been said to resemble seme one in the
village. Finally, he produced three of
the ill conditioned fellows before re
ferred to, who swore that Antonio was
with them on a hunting expedition dur
ing the whole of the day on which the
murder was committed.
It was a clear case of alibi. Jake
Smith's astonishment at the ease with
which the thing had been accomplished
was unbounded. He threw a disgusted
look toward Pilbaldo, but the judge was
nonplussed, rnd didn't seem to be in
terested with things in Jake's vicinity.
"Gentlemen of the jury," said he,
"things has took a turn I didn t alto
gether expec'. I don't know as there's
much to be said. I s'pose you've got to
go by the evidence, an' that don't need
any explainin'. Ef you kin make ou'.
accordin' ter that, that Antonio Gueldo
killed Jem Blake, why, just recollect,
that's what ycr here fur."
The jury filed out, and the expectant
audience occupied itself with tobacco
and whispered comments.
Jake Smith fidgeted about on his box,
and cast anxious glances through the
op?n door, townrd the clump of nopals
where the jury were deliberating.
Antonio talked and laughed in an un
dertone with his counsel, and Blake's
widow sat staring at them wi h com
pressed lips, and a strong expression of
determination coming into her face.
It wasn't long before the jurv filed in
again, all seating themselves but the
spokesman, and Judge Pilbaldo rose
wiping bis forehead with his shirt
sleeve.
"Straightened it out, have yerP"
asked he, nodding to the spokesman.
The man nodded slowly m return.
" Wal, le's have it then."
" Yer see," said the spokesman, wi th
a hesitating and disappointed air, " ef
yer hadn't a corralled us with stickin'
ter the evidence, we might a done bet
ter, but accordin' ter that, Antonio
wasn't thar when the murder was done,
an' if he warn't t har, he couldn't a done
it, an' ef he didn't do it, why Men of
course, he's not guilty."
Pilbaldo didn't dare to look at any
body ; he stared up at the rafters down
at the table nowhere in particular;
and then turned halfway toward An
tonio. " You kin go," said he, speaking with
great deliberation, " but I wouldn't stay
round here too long."
There was a dead Dause for a minute,
and nobody moved.
Jake Smith exploded a single expres
sive word, which lie had held in for
some time past, and Blake's widow
stood up.
"Have you got through, judgeP" she
asked.
" AVal I s'pose so."
" And there is nothing more to be
doneP"
" I'm afraid ther ain't."
"And he's free to go?"
"Y-a-a-s"
Antonio Gueldo rose with an insolent
grin, and picked up his hat.
The baby crowed, for it saw the glit
tering thing again.
There was a sharp repcrt Antonio
p'tched forward in a heap upon ti,e
floor, and Blake's widow stood with the
pistol pressed to her breast.
A lino of thin blue unoke curled up
from the muzzle of the weapon, anil
formed a halo around the child's flaxen
head. The glittering thing was quite
near the little hands now, and they
took it from the yielding grasp of the
mother.
Blake's widow looked steadily at the
figure on the floor it was quite motion
less then she turned, and went through
the wide passage opened for her by the
silent crowd, holding the baby very
tenderly, and the baby carrying the
pistol.
The child laughed with delight; it
had got its shining playtnine at last.
He Couldn't Miss the Chance.
The other night, when a certain De
troit club had gathered in its hall, a
member announced the serious illness
of one of tho officials. A second mem
ber at once moved to the platform and
said : .
" Gentlemen, no one can regret this
sad news more than I do. It seems to
me that the occasion calls for a few re
marks expressive of sympathy and con
dolence. I do not wish to occupy your
valuable time, but I feel it a duty to say
of the ailing brother "
Here a member came upstairs and
announced that the person was dead.
He had just heard the news on the street.
"Very well, then," continued the
speaker, " remarks eulogistic of his
many virtues are certainly in order
after this announcement, hnd I can go
ahead without fear of Uansgressing
upon the time of the club. We all
knew the deceased. We were lamiliar
wi jh his many noble traits of character.
A brother has died and a king has fallen.
It will belong ere we "
Here another dilatory member put in
an appearance and announced that tho
person referred to was not dead or even
ill, but was in perfect health. With
out the least change of countenance the
speaker continued :
"That being the case, I deem it my
duty to indulge in a tew remarks on
the happiness we all must feel at know
ing that our dear brother still lives.
Life is but a span, and man cometh up
like a flower and is cut down. The
familiar faces beside us to-day may rest
in the grave to-morrow. Death comes
so silently and swiftly that "
Here tho person himself entered t he
hall, having been detained beyond his
usual time by some occurrence on the
street. The speaker didn't seem in the
least put out, but waved his hand
around the hall and said :
" I certainly am not trespassing upon
the valuable time of the club when I say
that we all rejoico to see our brother
here. I am now more than ever con
vinced that I should indulge in a few
remarks. I will go back to the begin
ning and "
But the club rose up as one man and
choked him off, and the meeting opened
for the dispatch of business. Free I Vf us.
The Russian ambassador to London,
Prince Labanoff, has his horse shod with
silver not for vulvar display, but be
came be thinks it the best metal fr the
purpose. .
The Cora! Fishers of Capri.
Coral fishing is a slavery to which
nothing but sheer poverty drives the
fishermen. From April to October
their life is n life of ceaseless drudeery,
Packed in a small boat without a deck,
with no food but biscuit and foul
water, touching land only at intervals
of a month, and often deprived of sleep
for days together through shortness of
hands, the coral fishers are exposed to
a constant brutality from the masters
of their vessels which is too horrible to
bear description. The fishing is itself
hard work. The two beams of wood
laid crosswise, with hemp and loose
netting attached to them, which serves
as a dredge, are dragged along the sea
bottom with a rope, which it some
times requires the crews of half a dozen
boats to haul to the surface. If it breaks,
the whole boat is in peril; if the sailor
who is paying out fails to note the
moment when it catches the coral, his
thigh, over which it runs, is cut to the
bone. A long pull tears the branches
entangled in the net from the rock, or
breaks off rock and all, and a shout of
joy bursts from the wearied fishermen
as the tangled maB of coral appears
above the waves. To the masters the
fishery is lucrative enough ; of the eight
thousand francs which form the returns
of a single boat, some two thousand are
clear profit, But, measured by our no
tions, the pay of the men seem 8 miser
ably inadequate to the toil and suffer
ing which they undergo. For the
whole Deriod of eight months, it varies
with the strength and experience of the
seamen from $60 to $90 ; the boys re
ceiving as little as $20; and of this
much is absorbed by the extortionate
shopkeepers of Torre. Enough, how
ever, remains to tempt the best of the
Caprese fishermen to sea. Even a boy's
earnings will pay his mother's rent.
For a young man, it is the only mode in
which he can hope to gather a sum suf
ficient for marriage and his start in
life. The early marriages so common
at Naples and along the adjoining coast
are unknown at Capri, where a girl sel
dom weds before twenty, and where the
poorest peasant refuses the hand of his
daughter to a suitor who cannot fur
nish a wedding settlement of some
twenty pounds. Even with the modern
rise of wages, it is almost impossible
for a lover to accumulate such a sum
from the produce of his ordinary toil,
and his one resource is the coral fishery.
Saturday Review.
The Florida Orange Crop.
SeJi French, of Jacksonville, Fla.,nn
old and experienced orange grower,
gives the following as an estimate ol
the cost of an orange grove, according
to locality : Cost of ten acres of land for
a erove, $50 to $100; costef clearing.
$100 to $150; cost of fencing, $50 to $75;
cost of breaking, $-20 to $25; cost of set
ting out 500 trees, $200 to $300; cost ol
care and fertilizing, five years, $500 to
$1,000; total cost, $920 to $1,540. In
addition to this the young trees cost,
ready for setting out, from thirty-tive
to fifty cents each. At the age of nine
or ten years from the seed the tree be
gins to produce, the average being about
500 oranges to the tree. For the next
two years the increase in production Is
rapid, being about 1,000 oranges per
tree each year. There are quite a lot ol
trees in Florida that produce 10,000
oranges, but these are aged, having been
planted before the war. Oranges", like
apples, have their "off" years, but at
fifteen years from the seed it is safe to
say that the trees will produce on an
average 3,000 oranges each. There are
fifty trees to one acre, according to Mr.
French's figures given above, though it
is usual to set out sixty, which, at 3,000
oranges per tree, tftoula give 1,500.000
oranges as the yield of the ten acres.
These at one and a half cents apiece as
they hang on the tree, the average price
this seeson, would give $22,500 off the
ten acres. This estimate, let it be borne
in mind, is a low one, for some Flori
dians are this year realizing $25,000
from six acres. The Florida orange
crop this year is much larger than ever
before. From such counties as are
easily accessible the figures point to a
crop of about 440,000 boxes. In Putnam
county alone the 1879 yield was nearly
5,500,000 oranges, and next year with
the large number of blooming trees that
will come into bearing tho crop will
amount to 25,000,000 oranges. It will
require a train of ten cars once a day for
ninety days to transport the crop of this
county.
Oar Bodies After Death.
Within a very near approach to truth,
the human family inhabiting the earth
has been estimated at 1,000,000,000; the
annual loss by death is 18,000,000. Now,
the weight of the animal matter of this
immense body cast into the grave is no
less than 631,000 tons, and its decom
position produces 9,000,000,000 000
cubic feet of matter. The vegetable
productions ot tho earth clear away
from the earth the gasses thus generated,
and decomposing and assimilating them
for their own increase. This circle of
changes has been going on ever since
man become an occupier of the earth.
He feeds on the lower animals and on
the seeds of p'ants, which in due time
become a part of himself. The lower
animals iced upon the herbs and
grasses, which, in their turn, become
the animal: then, by its death, again
passes into the atmosphere and are ready
once more to be assimilated by plants,
the earth or bone substance alone re
maining where it is deposited, and not
even there unless sulliciently deep in
the soil to be out of the insorbent reach
of the roots and plants and trees. It is
not at all difficult to prove that the ele
ments of which the living bodies of the
present generation are composed have
passed through millions of mutation.1,
and formed parts of all kinds of animal
and vegetable bodies, and consequently
it may be said that fractions of the ele
ments of our ancestors form portions
of ourselves.
Cyrus W. Field has more decorations
bestowed by foreign potentate than
any other American.
Ole Boll's Pennsjlrnnia Castle.
About thirty or thirty-five years ago
Ole Bull, the Norwegian violinist, with
one of those idiosyncracies peculiar to
men of genius, turned his attention to
colonizing and speculations in lumber.
Engaging a number of his countrymen,
who had reached New York on their
way to the fertile fields of the West, he
brought them to New Bergen, Pa., iaid
out a city and erected cabins for tfieir
use. He purchased an immense tract
of land in that region from parties in
New York, and made preparations to
open up the forests on a grand scale.
About six miles below New Bergen, on
Kettle creek, high up on the summit of
the mountains, he built for himself a
home. Endeavoring to implant in this
wilderness some memories of the land
he had left, he constructed a castle and
furnished It with all the embellishments
that could be imported into that out-of-the-way
place. A beautiful roiul wind
ing up the mountain side on a gradual
ascent led to his retreat. Artists were
brought from afar to add to the splendor
of his castle, and the painter and gilder
gave their handiwork to complete the
structure, while paper of the most ex
pensive kind covered the walls and
added its charms to the edifice. One
mammoth room was set apart as the
concert hall, and here Ole Bull exer
cised all his ingenuity in its decoration.
The roof was composed of glass, and
the barbaric splendor was well calcu
lated to make one forget the outside sur
roundings and yield themselves to the
subtle strains of his violin and enter
with spirit into thegayeties and festivi
ties with which Ole Bull tried to sur
round himself. But all this was doomed
to molder and decay. Before the ar
tizans had yet ceased their labor trouble
began to show itself. Dissatisfaction
began to manifest among those who had
come with him to this land, and al
though he expended money freely and
tried to bring peace and harmony
among his retainers, the specter of re
bellion would not vanish. About this
time, too, he discovered that the title to
his land was not worth the cost of its
writing. He had bought it from parties
who had no claim on it whatever, and
now, the real owner came for
ward and asserted his rights. Over
whelmed by the thickening troubles
that came on him, he suddenly aband
oned all and reappeared again among
the haunts of civilization, and with his
beloved violin ns his companion, began
to retrieve his watted fortunes by tread
ing th boards behind the footlights
The colony he had brought with liira,
being left without a leader, gradually
broke up and became scattered far and
wide. Now scarcely one remains be
hind to tell the story and record the
history of New Bergen. The castle on
the mountain top suffered from the
ravages of time and the despoliation of
the curiosity-seeker. Hundreds visited
the place, and most all carried away
some memento of this " Ole Bull's Fol
ly," till now scarcely a log remains to
mark tho spot. The only reminder of
the past is in the name of the little vil
lage that clusters around the foot of the
mountain. It is called Oleona, which
h supposed to be what remains after
the "shortening pocess" of "Ole
owns it."
Photographs by the Electric Light
An illustration of tho use of the
electric light for the purpose of pho
tography was given recently at a New
York photographic establishment. The
lamp used was that of the late Mr Ful
ler, a well-known American electrician,
and is similar to the carbon lamps in or
dinary use. It was suspended five or
six feet from the floor, and was about
the same distance in a straight line from
the sitter. The lamp was without a
globe, but when a negative was to be
takan a large ground-glass screen was
held before the light The time occu
pied in producing a clear negative was
about a minute. A number of photo
graphs which bad been taken at the
first trial of the light were exhibited.
They were very brilliant and had a
great deal of color, and some of them
were taken in such a way as to show
the black shadow caused by the light.
The " life-spots " of the eyes and other
high lights were very marked, and the
different features were mapped out dis
tinctly without being too sharply de
fined. Mr. Dana, the photographer, ex
plained that the greatest difficulty to
be overcome in using the electric light
in photography was the comparative
uselessness of tho chemicals which are
used with the solar light. This diffi
culty, however, he had overcome by
prolonged and careful experiments.
The electric light pictures, he said,
would be easier to develop than those
taken by sunlight, because as the nega
tives were very strong they could be
easily toned down, and a weak picture
by sunlight could not easily be
strengthened. All the dark shadows,
such as those made by earrings against
the face and by a beard on the coat can
be easily taken out. One advantage of
this mode of photography, it is thought,
will be that it will enable persons who
are engaged during the day to have their
pictures taken at night when they are
at leisure.
Living in Quiet.
A rule for living happily with others
is to avoid having stock subjects of dis
putation. It mostly happens when peo
ple live much together, that they come to
have certain set topics, around which,
from frequent dispute, there is such a
growth ot angry words, mortified vanity
and the like that the original subject of
difference become a standing subject for
quarrel, and there is a tendency in all
minor disputes to drift down to it.
Again, if people wish to live well to
gether, they must not hold too much to
logic, and suppose that everything is to
be settled by sufficient reason. Dr.
Johnson saw this clearly with regard to
married people when he said :
" Wretched would be the pair above all
means of wretchedness who should be
doomed to adjust by reason, every morn
ing, all the minute details of the domes
tic day."
A SIIIXISG LAND.
The Wandertmt Wealth Contained Imhe
Dead. Klveri of I lie I'nclAc Mope.
Mr. A. J. Bell, a practical mining en
gineer of Chicago, who has been mak .ng
personal observations, is of the opinion
that there is more richness in the "dead
river" of the Pacific slope, in the shape
of gold, than there is in the silver re
sources of the "carbonate regions."
He predicts marvelous results from hy
draulic mining for gold in these dried-up
river-beds in California and Nevada,
and extending throu eh portions of Mon
tana, Wyoming, Western Colorado,
passing out through the region of San
Miguel Into New Mexico, a region but
little explored in vf ry few places, even
by boring, to find the lower cr main old
channel. He says:
It is already estimated that among
those dead rivers, lying up 7,000 to 8,000
feet above the level of the sea, there lies
a treasure of morethan $300,000,000, the
annual product being uniformly about
$8,000,000. In one little spot in Nevada
county there has been taken out about
$100,000,000. Some of these dead rivers
have a fall of eighty feet to the mile,
affording good opportunities for drain
age, under-currents and various modern
appliances for saving fine gold.
In some of those old rivers the gravel
is whitish and the gold quite evenly dis
tributed,eo that very exact estimates
can be made as to the probable amount
of gold. It is easily washed out, while
the blue gravel is mixed more with
a tenacious clay, giving much trouble
often in getting out the gold, but it is
much richer than the other, especially
near the bed rock. There have been
some wonderful rich specimens taken
out of the blue lead. I noticed one at
Dutch Flat, the finest I have ever seen,
was an immense bowlder studded with
gold nuggets, which were worn smooth
on the surface. I was told alterward
it was valued at $8,000. It was srrely
a grand bowlder. It is no uncommon
thing to pick up in blue lead diggings
fine specimens of rock carrying nuggets
of gold, which, to the inquiring mind,
naturaily bring up the thought from
whence came these wondrous stones,
and this same question will, perhaps,
bother the brains of many scientific
men, while the practical miner will be
studying equally hard to find out how
to get the vast known deposits out. No
doubt other " dead rivers " will be found
in other parts of the mountains, and at
very different altitudes; one class of
men speculating as to how it came so,
another practical class getting out the
precious metal. '
With $100,000,000 from Nevada, $90.
000,000 from the little county of Placer,
what may be expected when the whole
Pacific slope has been put in thorough
workingorder? In the matter of hydrau
lic mining, surely this class of mining
promises as good returns for the outlay
as any opening up, even "carbonates
not excepted.
The Days of Fortj-Jfine.
The record of the men of Forty-nine
teaches that only a persistent prosecu
tion of one lino of effort can give suc
cess. The average wages made by miners in
1849 were from $20 to $30 per day, and
in rich diggings from $300 to $5H0 per
week. Most of us would now be satis
fied with this $15,000 to $25,000 a year.
But men grew credulous, because there
were so many unquestionable marvels,
such as the occasional finding of gold in
nuggets, or lying loose in pockets.
Eariy in 1850 two nuggets of gold were
found, weighing about twenty-three
pounds each. Others of not quite such
astonishing size were brought to light
in 1649. Each of such cases set nearly
wild the miners who were toiling at a
claim that paid less than at first, and
very soon thev began a series of what
were then known as "rushes."
On a branch of Poor Man's creek,
Plumas county, in 1850, a nugget ot gold
weighing eighty ounces and worth
$1,6(54 was found. In half an hour a
party took out $8,000 in goid. At Val
lecita the largest chunk oi gold was dis
covered. It weighed twenty-six pounds
and was valued at about $5,000.
These rushes grew very common, and
no year passed without one or more of
them. Hence these men became living
illustrations of the proverb: "Rolling
stones gather no moss." They have
many irritations not in mining but in
practical life; men who filter their lives
away for want of concentration, want of
persistent eff ort along some line. Every
beginner in life, therefore, should try
early to ascertain the strong faculty of
his mind fitting him for some special
pursuit, and then direct his utmost
energies to bring it to perfection. A
man, says Emerson, is like a bit of Lab
rador spar, which has no luster as you
turn it in your hand until you coiue to a
particular angle; there it" shows deep
and beautiful colors. To succeed in life
a man needs the motto of St. Paul :
"This one thing 1 do." One of the
most frequent causes f failure in life is
that greediness which leads men to
attempt to grasp too many of its piizes.
There was the Truckee lake rush,
gotten up by one Greenwood, among the
miners of Coloma in 1849. He told the
miners that he had seen gold in abund
ance on the shore of tie lake. Hundreds
rushed there, but they found no color of
gold.
There was the Gold lake rush. In
May, 1850, two miners were overheard
b a third telling of a lake where gold
lay loose on the shore like pebbles. He
guessed the lake to be Gold lake, near
Downieville. The story was vi hisocred
about and thousands kit good claims
where they were making from $30 to
$40 per day and dashed off to that se
cluded spot, whence they returned in a
few months "dead broe."
The Vallecita chunk spoken of was
found by an Indian. Some one had dug
a little hole in the bank of a creek, just
on a level of the bed-rock, with an old
broken pick and then had gone away,
leaving the pick lying by the hole. The
Indian came along, dugalniut a foot fur
ther ami found tho chunk. Ttrritorin I
(Xtv.) Fukririne.