CONSTrTDTION.
ew Conttltution proposed to the Cit
izen of this Commonwealth for
their Approval or Rejeotion,
the Constitutional Con
vention.
rcei.tsnKn r entire: nnuit aKrnrrAnr or the
t'miMcxWFAi.TW X rrn.ctcK or xnn rornitt
VTIO!f Or A3 ACT Of TH QKXBR AL IM-
n.r, rstitlro, "a ait to I'Kovidk mn
cAit.txo a cosraKno to Amkm tmr
h-wtitutioji," Arraovtn th 1It
trAr or Aratl, a. n. li.74.
PRRAMBl.fi.
W, the en1e of toe Cnintnnn wraith ot
rnnylrnl a, grateful (o Almighty God for Hie
blewing of civil and religion liberty, and hnm
Wv Invoking Ml guidance, do ordain and estab
lish tht Constitution.
. . ARTICLKt.
ici.aratios 01 Bloat.
Tlial Ike general, great and essential principle
of liberty and free government tuay be mo
nurd and unalterably established, we declare
that .
Ski-tic 1. Alt men are horn equally fire and
Independent, and have certald Inherent and lu
defensible rlghu, wung which arc those ot .-n-joylog
and defending life and Hbcrtr, of eequlr
mi, pnteeastug and protecting proper!) and
ivpuutlol, and of pursuing their own happiness.
Sac 4. All power I inherent lo tbe people,
nod all tree government arc founded on their
authorltyaend Instituted for their peace, safety
and happioaa. For Hie advancement of these
end they have at all time an inalienable and
indcleaeibl right to alter, rrform ur abolish tbctr
government in inch maimer as they roar think
proper..
Sko. V AH men bare a natural and lndcfeai
ble right to woratilp Almighty God according to
the dleutcsi of their own consciences; no man
can ol right be compelled to attend, erector up
port any place of worship, or to inaiuwin any
mlulstry ageiual bia cooseut ; no human author
ity can. In any rase whatever, control or inter
fere with the rlghuof conscience, and no pref
erence aball ever be given by law to any religious
ctnbliliuieaU or mode of worabip.
Skc. 1. No person who acknowledges the be--Hng
of a God and a futnre alale of reward and
punleboieuU (trail, on account of bia rrllglou
matiinwita, be dlsqusMed In bold any office or
place of trust or profit under tbi Common
wealth. Bko. i. Election! aball be free and qtul j and
do power, civil or military, aball at any time In
terfere. to prereotthe Ire) exercise, of tbe right
of uJVHge.
8ac. 4. Trial by Jury aboil be aa heretofore
and Uie right thereof remain Inviolate.
6kc T. -'ne prluiing press ahull be free to
. every person who may undertake to examine the
ptaceodiiigs of Uo t.eglslsttire or any branch of
goreruasrut, and ao law aball ever tie made to
' restrain the right thereof. Tbe free communi
cation of thoughts and opinions la one of the In
valuable rU;bU of man, and every citixen may
freelv spook, write and print on any subject, be
ing responsible for the abuse of that liberty. No
conviction shall be bad la any prosecution for
the publication of paper relating to the official
conduct f officers or men In public cap-jelly, or
to any other matter proper for public Investiga
tion or Information where tbe fact that each
publication was not maliciously or negligently
made shall be established lo the satisfaction of
the jury i and in ail Indlctujeuu for libels the
jury shall have the rlzht to determine, tho law
and Uie facta, under the direction of the court,
aa la other case.
Sko., 8. Tbe people aball be secure In their
persons, bouses, papers, and possessions, from
unreasonable searches and seizure, and no war
rant to search any place or to seize any person
or thing, shall imae without describing them a
. newly -as may be, nor without probable cause,
supported by oath or amrmaUou, subscribed to
by the affiant- ;.:'
Ski:. . In- all criminal proeecntlons.the accused
hath a right to be beard by bmself and bis ootin
' eel. to 4rniaod the nature aad eaase of theaeca
aaltoa agaiust him, to meet tbe witnesses (ace
to face, to have oorapalsory prooea for .obtain
lug wUneeaabi his fTor, and in prosecutions
' by Indictment or Information, a speedy public
trial by so, impartial J ury of the vicinage ; he
cannot be compelled to give evidence agalust
himself, nor can he be deprived of his life, liber
ty, or property, aslua by the judgamenl of his
peers or the law ol the land. .
Sir.JO No porson shallfor aur indictable of
fanae I proceeded against criminally, by lutor
matloa, except in caaea arising in the land or
naval roroes, or in the militia, when in actual
service, In time of war er public danger, or by
leave of the oonrt, fur oppression or tuiidemeau
or la office. No person shall for tho same of
iooee be twice put ia joopordy of life or limb;
nor shall pnvute property be taken or applied to
public-use without authority of Uw, and with
out J oat compcuMtioa being first made or o
cared. Sue. 11. All sonrts shall be open i and every
man for an injury done hhn ia bta lands, gooda,
porsoii, or reputation, shall uave reiuody by dud
rourae of law, and right and justice adinluliiter
ed without sale, dtul or delay. 8ilu may be
brought agaiuat the Cvmmoawealth in such
manner, la sncb counaa, and ia each case as the
lieglslatnre may by law direct.
8ko. VI. No power of suspendmr laws shall
beexcrciaed onleea by the Legislature or by it
autliurity. ....
8fc. 18.. Xteeastvo tail stiall not be require,
nor excessive flnea Imposed, nor cruel punish
ments inflicted.
Han. 14. All prisoners shall be bailable by suf
Buiaut sureties, unless for capital offenses, when
the proof n evident or presumption great ) and
the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus aha!!
bok.be auapauded, unleas wben iu aae of rebel
lion or inraslua. the public safety may require it.
Bko. lb, -No eommiaaioB oi oyer and Urmia
erorjsU dsllrwy Ahail U aurued. . i
ira. 46. TbRperaoa of a debtor, wbare there
b not 'strong presumption of fraud, shall not be
oootlnrted lo prison after delivering up bia ae
tata for the benedl of hie creditors. In such man
ner aa shall be prescribed by law.
flr.c. 17. No kx I-os-r facto law, nor any law
finpairiog the obligatioa of ooulraeU, or mak
ing ircef ooaola aoy grnut of special privileges
or lumunitire, ebulj be paased.
Sac. is. No person shall be attainted of trea
son or felony by the Legislature.
Sac, 18, . No atuiudur ahail work corruption
of blood, nor, except du riug tho life of the of
fonder.lorfeliure of eatittu to the Common wealth;
tbe eauua of such persons aa shall destroy their
own Uvea shall descend or vest M in case of na
tural death, and If any person shall be killed by
casually, them shall be no forfeiture by reason
thereof. -. , .,
8ac. Tbe cttuwD have a rlpht la a peace
able manner to assemble together for their com
mon good, and to apply to those iu Tea tod with
U powers of govorumeut lor redreae of grlev
unoea or other proper purpose, by petition, ad
area or raiuooatnuiee.
Bite ill. The right ol cltiaeus to iear arms la
defense vf theaueivef sod (he State shall not be
questioned - ' ' ' '
Bac. fi Na standing army shall, is time of
Caue, be kept up without the consent of tbe
gishitare, and tbe military shall, tu ull eases,
ana at all rUaoe, be la iricl subordination to tba
civil power. " - . .
Htux. t: soldier shati ia tlmaor peace be
qnarlerad In- nay ho without the eooaent af
the owner, nor la time of war but In a juaaaer
to be preaertMeti bylaw, .
Uav. Si. ThaLjlbmr shall not grant any
title ot noblliiy or aandklary dMatlaetion, nor
create any oftlce the appohilal of which shall
be for a Jonger term than durlug good behavior.
5. , Xmlratloa front Ute Slate phall not
b prohibited. '. . '
ao. IU. T gutrd agulast tranagreaalous of
. the high powers which we bare delegated, w
, declare thai avarylhlug hi Ibis arllole I excepted
I out of bhe yineeal powara of KOVerumntv a4
shall tor ever remain ivvMt. , ,
' AHTl:,9 It '.
. f us Laaiaf-Atiiaa.
M kctiom 1. Tbe legUlatlve power or this Com
.eaouwoallh shall be vested la a General Assemble'
, which shall ousslsl of a (knate and a Uotua of
. tUureseulatlve.
j Bso. . Membert of the Oeaeral Assembly
afaastll ha aiiaaea at iha geaerai ainvUoa every aau-
ood year. Thtlr term of eerfle vall tgtn ob
tie first day of December next after their elec
tion. Whenever a vamncy shall occur In either
llntirn, thr pelding ofllcer thereof shall Issue a
writ or election to till such vacancy for tbe re
mnlmlor ol tbe term.
Sac. S. Senators shall be elected for the term
of four years aod Represent live for tbe term
of two years,
Bkc. 4. The General Assembly slmll meet at
twelve o'clock noon, on tlietlrst Tuesday of Jnn
nary every second year, and at other tune when
eunvenrd'hr tn tkivtrnor, but shall hold ooad
Jonrnetl annual r-w!oo alV'r the year one thou
sand eight hundred and seventy. eight. In case
of a vacancy in the office of United State Sena
tor from this Commonwealth, In a rrceas between
sueMoes, the Govt rnor shall convene the two
houw by proclamation on notice not exceeding
sixtv days to nil the same.
Site. i"". Senators shall be least tweoty-flvo
years of age, aud tb-prea-mativee tweaty-oi'
vears ol atre. Thrr shall have been cilixcna and
Inhaldtanta ol the Bute fonr year, and Inhabi
tant of their respective district one year next
before their flection (unleas eteot on the pub
lic business of the United States or of this Stale
and shall reside In'thelr respective dlslricU dur
iirg their terms or sen ice.
Sac. ti. No Senator or Representative shall,
ilnrlng the time for which be shall hare been
elected, be oppolntcd lo any civil office no ler
this Commonwealth, aud no member of Congress
or ether person holding any onlce(exce4 of at
torney at Inw or tn tba militia) nuder tho United
Slate or this Commonwealth shall be a member
ot cither house dnring bis continuance In otBco,
Sao. .-v.No peraou berealter convlelcd of etn
heulement ol public moneys. N-Rery, perjury
or other iutamous crime, sb'all bo eligible to the
General Assembly, or capable of holding any of
fice or trust or prorit lo this Commonwealth.
8(0. 8. The members of the General Assembly
shall receive such salary and mileage for ivgulur
and special sessions as shall be nxea by law, and
no other compensation whatever, whether for
service npou committee or otherwise. No mem
ber of either house shall, during the term for
which be may have born elected, receive any In
crease of ealnry, or mileage, under any law pass
ed during such term. '
Sac. B. The senate shall, at the beginning and
close of each regular session, and at such other
time as may x necesaery, elect one of its mem
bers president pro tempore, who (hall perform
the duties of the Lieutenant Governor, in any
case of sbwnce or disability ot that otllcor, and
whenever the said office of Lieutenant Governor
shall be vacaut. The House of Representatives
shall elect one of lis members as Speaker. Bach
house shall choose Its other officers, and' shsll
judge or the election and quallticallooa of it
member. -
Sue. 10. A majority of each House shall eon-:
itilute a quorum, but a smaller number may ad
journ from day to day, and compel the attend
ance of absent members.- T
8kd. 11. Each bouse shall have power to de
termine the rule ot its proceedings and pualth
lla members or other persons for contempt or
disorderly behavior In IU presence, to enforce
obedience to its prociws, to protect It members
agaiast violence, or offer of brine or private
solicitation, and with tbe concurrence of two
thirds, to e xcl a member, but not a second time
for the same cause, aad shall have all other pow
ers necessary for tho leglauttare or a free Stale.
A member expelled lor corruption shall not
thereafter be eligible to either bouse, and punish -meot
for contempt or disorderly behavior shall
not bar an Indictment for the same olfenae.
r.c lx. Kacb house shall keep a journal of its
proceedings and from time to time publirh the
same, except such parts as reqnire secrecy, and
the yeas and nays of the members on any ques
tion shall, at the desire of any two of them, be
entered on' the lournal.
Sac. 18. -Tbe sessions of escb hoase and of
committees or the whole shall be 0en, unless
when the business is such as ought to be kept
secret.
. Sao. It. Neither house shall, without the
consent or the other, adjourn for more than three
days, nor to any other place titan that iu which
be two bouses shall be sitting.
8xo. 15. The members of the General Assem
bly shall ia all coses, except treason, felouy, vio
lation of their oath ofofBce, and breach or sure
trot the peace, be privileged from arrest during
their attendance at tbe seaaions ot their ruepeo
tlve botucs, and lo going to aod returning from
the same i aud for auyspeech or debate in either
bouse, they shall not be qnnsliooed In any other
place. i
Sko. 16. The State shall be divided Into fifty
Senstorial dlxtrlcl of compact and contiguous
territory, as nearlv equal lu population as may
be, and each district shall be entitled to eloclou
Senator. ch couutv containing one or more
latios of po ul.tion shall be entitled to one Sen
ator tor each ratio, aud to aa additional Senator
for a surplus of population exceeding three-fifths
of a ratio; hot no county shall form a separate
district unleas It shall contain four fifths of a ra
tio, except where the ailjoiulng counties are
each entitled to one or more Senators, when
such county may be assigned a Senator on less
than four-nftbs, and exceeding oue-half of a ra
tio, and no county shall be divided unless enti
tled to two or mora Senators. No city or county
aball be entitled to separate representation ex
ceeding ooe-eixib of the whole number of Sena
tors. No Wjkrd, borough, er township shall be
divided In tbe formation or a district. The Sena
torial ratio shall be asciirtalned by dividing tbe
whole population of the State by the number
hfty.
8kg. 17. - The members of the Honse of Rep
rcscutullvcs shall be apportioned among the
several counties en a ratio obtained by dividing
tho population of the Bute as aacettaiued by the
most recent United States ccnau by two hun
dred. Kverv county, containing less than sve
ratios shall havo .one representative for every
full ratio, snd an additional representative wbeo
the surplus exceeds half a ratio ; but each coun
ty aball have at least one representative. Every !
county ouutainlng five ratios or mure shall have
one ropreeenlaUve for every full ratio. Every
city coniuiulug a aopuotliou equal to a ratio
shall elect separately its proportion of the rep
resentative allotted to th county ia which it '!
located. Kvery citv entitled to more than four
representatives, and evary county having over
ono hundred thousand Inhabitants, shall bo di
vided Into districts of compact and contiguous
territory, rack district to elect lis proportion of
repreMntatives according to its- population, but
no district shall elect more thau four represen
tative. ,
Skc. It. - The General Assembly at IU frets
sloe after the adoption of this constitution, and
Immediately after each United Blnlea decennial
eensos, shall proportion the State luto Senator
ial and Representative district agreeably to tbe
provisions of th (wo next preceding section. ,
AkTiCLI III.
LEolSLATiCa.
Skctiox:JU No shall be paased except by
bill, end no bill shall be so altered or ameuded
on lla paaaage through either bouse as to change
Its original purpose.
Sko. 2. .Nu bill shall be considered unless re
ferred tu a committee, returned therefrom, and
printed for the aac of the member.
Skc. B. No bill, except general appropriation
bills, shall be paased, containing more thau one
ulceus, which shall be clearly expressed in it
title.
Sko. 4. - Every bill shall be read at . Ivugth on
three different days in each house i all amend
ment mad therrto (ball be printed lor the use
of the laviuber before the dual vole Is taken on
the bill, and no bill shall become a law uolee on
it dual pasaag tbe vote be, taken by yea aud
aay, th nemo of th person voting for aud
against tbe same be entered on the journal, and
a majority of the member elected to each house
be recorded Uiereou aa voting in It lavor.
' Sue. 6. . No amuudment to bills by ou honse
shall be concurred In by the other,-except by a
vole ef a majority ot tiui memberr elected there
to tekn by yraa aud nays, aud the name o(
those voliug for and against recorded upon the
Journal thereof audteperu of committee of
ooul'erenco shall be adopted In either house on
ly by the vole ol a majority of the members
elected (hereto, taken by yeas and nay, aod th
name of those voting recorded npok th jour
nal. Skc. 6. No law aball be revived, amended, or
th provision thereof extended or conferred by
left-run e to t tU oujy, but so much thereof
a 1 suvtted, auvmdad, extended, or conferred
shall be ri enacted aad published at length,
Ska. Z Th General Assembly shall not pa
any local or special law i
AulUorUIng the creation, extension or Impair
ing of Ilea
ReguUUng th affairs of couutles, cities, low u
blp, wards, boroughs, or school dUlrlet
UuMigluii the iumuM uf persiMis or pUoe
Changing the venoe In rill or criminal earns i
Aathorialog the laying out. opening, altering,
or maintaining roads, lilghwavs, streets, or al
ley; Relating to ferries or bridge, or Incorporat
ing ferry or bridge comp inlr, except for tbo
erection ol bridges crossing stream which form
boundaries between this and any other Slate;
Vai-ailng roads, town plats, strums or alter
Relating to ccmetcrlo, graveyard or public
grounds not of the Stale
Authorising the adoption or legitimation of
locating or changing conntv eaU, erecting
new counite, or changing county line j
Incorporating cities, towns, or village, or
changing their charter ; .
for the opening and conducting or election,
or fixing or changing the place of voting ;
Granting divorces ;
Hireling new townships or boroughs, chnng
Ing township liner, borough limits or school
districts :
Creating office, or proscribing the powir and
dalles of officer In counties, cilice boroughs;
townships, election or school dlslricU i
Changing the law or descent or succession I
Regulating the practice or jurisdiction of, or
changing the rule of evidence lo any Judicial
proceeding or Inquiry before courts, aldermen,
justices of the peace,' sheriffs, commba-lonei-. ar
bitrators, auditors, masters iu chancery, or oilier
tribunals, or providing or changing methods tor
the Collection of debu, or the eiitorclng irf Jmlg
metiu, or prescribing tho effect of Judicial sale
ol real ealat ; .
Regulating the fees, or extending the powers
and duties ol ttlclorinen. justice of tile peace,
magistrates, or constables ;
Regulating the mauagciiieut of public school,
the building or repalriug of school bouse, and
the raising of tnonev for such purposes t
Fixing the rate of luteresl ;
AUccting the estates of minor or person un
der disability, except after due notice to all par
lie In Interest, to be recited lu the special enact
ment ; ....'.
Remitting floes, penalties and forfeitures, or
refunding moneys legally raid Into tbe Treasu
ry i ,
k-xciupting property from taxation ;
Regulating labor, trade, mining, or manufac
turing ; . ,
ideating corporations, or nmending, renew
ing, or extending the charters thereof ;
Orsntiug lo any corporation, association, 'of
individual any special or exclusive privilege or
immunity or to any corporation, association or
Individual the right to lay down a railroad track.
Nor shall the General Assembly inriirwtlv nu.i
such speclsl or local law by the partial repeal or
kcuoihi law, uui iaw rreaiiug local or special
ecu may be passed. Nor shall anv law be post
ed granting power or privilege lu anv rose
where lii granting ot such power and 'privil
ege ahall have been provided lor bv geueral law,
nor where Ihe courts have jurisdiction to grant
the fame or give tbo rcliet aiked for.
Skc. 8. No local or special bill shall b passed
unle-s uotlce of tlio intention to applv therclor
shidl have been published In the locality where
tbe matter or the thing to be utfcclcd in ly be sit
uated, which uotice shall he at least tblrtv dnvs
Criorto tbe Introduction Into the General Asseiii
ly or such bill, and in tbe manner to le pro
vided by law ; tbe evidence of such notice hav
ing been published, shall be exhibited tn th
General Assembly before such sot shall be pass
Sue. 8. The priding officer of each hnttsa
shall, lu the presences! the house over which
be preside, nign ull I ills and joint resolution
fased by the General Asseiniilv.uftcr their title
ive ueen publicly read immediately belore sign
ing, aud tbe fact of signing shall be entered on
the Journal.
Sac. 10. The General Acsembly shall prescribe
by law the number, duties and compensation or
the officers and employee of each house, and
no payment shall be made liom the State Treas
ury, or be lu any way authoitfed to anv person
except to an acting officer or cmplove elected
or appointed in pursuance of ltw.
Skc. 11. No bill shall be pissed giving any
extra compensation to any public officer, servaut,
employee, agent or contractor, after service
shall have been rendered or contract made, nor
providing for tbe payment ot anv claim agaiust
the tVmiinonwculih, without previous authority
of law. .
Skc. 12. All stationery, printing, paper, and
fuel used tn tbe legislative and other departments
or government shall be furnished, and lucplrnt
iag, binding, and distributing of tbe laws, jour
nals, department reports, and sll other prluting
and binding, and the repairing and furnishing
tbe halls and rooms used lor the meetius of the
General Assembly and its committee, (hail be
fierfonaed under contract, to be given to the
owest rcspoualble bidder below such maximum
price and under such regulations a shall be pre
scribed by law ; no member or officer of any de
partment or the government ball bo in anv
way interested lo such contracts, and all such
contracts shall be subject to the approval of the
Governor, Auditor General and Stale Treasur
er. . San. 13. No law shall extend tho term of
anv public officer, or increase or diminish his
salary or emolumenU alter his election or ap
pointment. Sac. 14. All bill for raising rovenuo shall or
iginate in the House of Representatives, but the
Senate may propose ameudmoou aa In other
bill.
Skc. 15. The general appropriation bill (ball
embrace nothing but appropriations for tbe or
dinary xpenses of tbe executive, legislative and
Judicial department of tbe Commonwealth, in
terest en the public debt, aud for public schools:
ail other appropriation shall be made by separ
ate bill, each embracing but oue subtect. ,
Skc. 1& No mouey shall be paid out or the
Treasury except upou -appropriation made by
law aud on warrant drawn by the proper officer
in pursuance thereof.
Skc. 17. No appropriation shall be made to
any cl aritable or euucououul luslitulioo not un
der the abaoluie control of tbe Commonwealth
other Ulan normal school eatabliehed by law for
the protescional traiulug of teacher for tbe pub
lic schools of the Male, except by a vote of two
thirds ol all the members elected to each bouse.
' Hue. IS. No appropriation except fur plo
sions or gratuities lor military services shall be
wade for charitable, educational or benevolent
purpose, to ny person or cotuujuultv, nor to
any deuomiuationul or sectarian Institution, cor
poration or association.
Sec. 1!. The General Assembly mav make ap
pnopriauon of money to institution wherein
the widows of roldiers are supported or assisted
or the orphan or soldier are maiutuiued sud
educated ; but such appropriation shall be iu.
plied exclusively to the support of such widows
ud orphans.
- Bko. ao. The General Assembly (hall not del
egate to any special commission, prisalu corpo
ration or association, auy power lu make, super
vise or Interfere with any municipal Improve
ment, money, property or effects, whether held
In trust or otherwise, or to levy taxes or perform
auy uiuuifiiml lunation whatever.
Sec. HI. Nuaotof the Geueral Aweinbly (hall
limit the amount lo be recovered lor Injuries re
sulting lu death, or for Injuries to persons or
properly, aad iu ease of death from such Inju
ries, the right of action shall survive, and the
Geueral Assembly sh ill prescribe for whose ben
eat such actions shall he prosecuted i no act
shall prescribe any limitations of time within
which suiu may be brought agaiust corporations
tor injuries lo persons or property, or tor other
causes different from those tilled by gefieral laws
regulating actions agaiust natural persons, and
such acts now existing are avoided.
Sko. U'2. Nu act ot the Geueral Assembly shall
aulborhsa Ihe investment of trust tuuds by exec
utors, administrators, guardiaus, or other trus
tee, lu the bonds or slock oi any private corpo
ration, aud such aeU now existing are avoided,
aaviug inveatiueuta heretofore made.
Sko. 24. The power to change th venue lu
civil end criminal case shall be vested in the
couru, tu be ixereiscd iu such maimer aa sbnll
be provided by law.
Skc Kt. No obligation or liability of any rail
road or other corporation, held or u'wued by the
Commonwealth, shall ever be exchanged, trans
ferred, reiuillei), postponed,, of iu auy war di
minished by the General Assembly, nor shall
such liability or obligation tie released, ex
cept by payment thereof luto the State Treas
ury. . Sac. V.Y Wlien the General Assembly shall be
couvimd in special swln, there shall be no
legislation upou sutjecta ulher than those deaig
naled In the proclamation of the Governor, cal
ling UI ll cun.
kKo. u. Ki'ur.y order, resolution, or vote, to
which the eoucurreUMi of bull; houses may be
necessary (except on the question" ol adjourn
ment) ahull be presented to the Governor, aud
before ll shell take effect he approved by hiu,or
being disapproved, slis'l be repassed "by tVo
third of both house, according to the rale
nn) limitation prnacrlhed la case of a Mil. '
Sko. x7. No state offlco alinll be continued or
created for the Inspection or mensurln? of anv
merchandise, mannfnetura or M-nimmlliv, but
any county or municipality may appoint sach ol
ttecrs wiien authorised by law.
Sue. iW. No law changing Ihe location of the
capital of the State shall bo valid until tho same
hall have been aubmltted to tho qunlliied elec
tors ol the Commonwealth, at a general election
and rullded and approved hv them.
Pko. ?9. A mriiilier of llie General Assembly
who shall solicit, demand, or receive, or consent
to receive, directly or Indirectly, for himself or
for another, from an.v company, corporation, or
person, any money, office, appointment, employ
ment, testimonial, reward, thing ol value or en
joyment, or of personal ndvanbign or promise
llnTeof, for Ills vote or official Influence, or for
withholding the same, or with an understand
ing, expressed or Implied, that his vote or offi
cial action shall be iu anv way Influenced there
by, or who ahall solicit r demand any such
money or oilier ad vantage, matter or thing' afore
said lor another, a tho consideration of his voto
or official influence, or for withholding the same
or shall give or withhold his vote or lultucnoo
In consideration of the payment or promise of
such money, advantage, matter, or thing to an.
other, shall be held guiltv uf bribery within the
meaning of this constitution, and sliall Incur tbo
disabilities provided thereby lor autd offense, end
such additional punishment a I or ahall be pro
vided by law.
Sko. !0. Any person who hall, directly or
Indirectly, offer, give, or promise any money, or
thing of Value, testimonial, privilege, or per
eonal advantage, to auy executive or Judicial of
ficer or member of the General Assembly, to In
fluence him lu tho performance of any of his
public or official duties, shall be gtilltv or bribe
ry, and be ptaulshed lu such manner as shall be
provided bv In, '
Sue ill. The offense' of eorrunt aollcliailnn
of members of the General Assembly or of pub
lic officers of the State, or of any nrunioipiil di
vision thereof, and any occupation or practice of
solicitation of such members or officers, to Influ
ence their official action, shall be delincil bv law
mid shall be punished by line and Imprisonment.
Skc. 82. Auy person may be compelled to
tcatlfy In any lawful Investigation or Judicial
proceeding, against any peraon who mav be
charged with having committed the offense ol
bribery or corrupt solicitation, or practices of
ollcitutloo, and shall not be permitted to with
hold his testimony upon the grouud that It mav
crlmloato himself or subject him to public In fa",
my; but such testimony shall not alterward tie
used against blm In any judicial proceeding, ox
cept for perjury in giving such testimony, and
any person convicted or either or the ofTensee
aforesaid, shall, as part of the punishment there
for, be disqualified from holding any office or
position of honor, trust, or profit iu this Com
monwealth. Sec. 33. - A member who ha h personal or
private Interest lu any measure or bill proposed
or pending belore the General Assembly shall
disclose the tact to tbe house of which be Is a
member aud shall not vote thereon.
ARTICLE IV.
THR KXKCOTIVX.
Sitrfrto 1. The Executive Department of this
Commonwealth shall consist of a Governor,
Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of the Common
wealth.AlUirney General, Auditor General, Stale
Treasurer, Secretary or Internal A Hairs, aud a
Superintendent of Public Instruction.
Sko. t. Tbe supreme executive power shall
be vested in the Governor, who shull take care
that the laws be faithfully executed ; be shall be
chosen on the day of the general election by tbe
qualified electors of tho Commonwealth, at the
place where they (ball vote for Representatives.
The returns of every election for Governor shall
be scaled up and transmitted to the seat of gov
ernment directed to the President ol the Senate
who shall open and publish them In the presence
of tbe members of both house of the Geueral
Assembly. The person baring the highest num
ber of voir shall be Governor, but tf two or
more be equal aud highest In votes, one or them
shall be chosen Goyernor by the joint vole of
the members ol lKtb bouse. . Contested elec
tions shall be determined by a committee, lo be
elected from both houses of the General As
ctnbly, and formed snd regulated In such man
ner us shall be directed bv law,
Sko. 3. Tbe Governor shall hold bis office
during four years from tbo third Tuesday .of Jan
uary m-xl ensuing his election, and ahall not
be eligible to the office for the next succeeding
term. ' . -
Skc. 4. A Lieutenant Governor shall be chosen
at the same time, In the same manner, for the
tame term, and subject to the same provisions
a the Governor i he shall be prnsidrut of the
Senate, but sh ill have no vote unless tbey be
equally divided.
Skc. ft. No person shall be eligible to tbo of
fice or Governor or Lieutenant Governor except
a citizen of the United States, who shall have
attained the age of thirty year, and have been
seven years next preceding hi election an In
habitant of the Stale, unless be ahall have been
absent on the publla business of tho United State
or or tills Stale.
Skc. ti. No member of Congress or person
holding any office under the United Suics or
this State shull exorcise the office of Governor or
Lieutenant Governor. . . -
Sko. 7. The Governor (ball be commander-in-chief
of the army and navy of the Common
wealth, and of tbe militia, except when they
hall be called Into the actual service of tbe Uni
ted Stales.
Sao. 8. . He shall nominate', and by and with
the advke ud conseut of two-thirds of all tbe
members of the Senate, appoint a Secretary or
the Commonwealth and sn Attorney General
during pleasure, a Superintendent oi Public In
struction for four years, and such other officers
of the Commonwealth as he Is or mav be au
thorized by the constitution or by law to ap
point ; he shall have power to fill all vacancies
that may happeu in ofee to which he may ap
point during lb recess of the Senate by gran ting
commission which hll expire nl the end or
their next session ; bo shall have power to fill
any Vacancy that may happen during tbe rccea
of tbe Senate, iu the office of Auditor General,
State Treasurer, Secretary of Internal Atfulr or
Superintendent of fubua Instruction, In a judi
cial office, or lu aue oilier elective office which
he Is or may be authorized te till-
If the vacancy shall happeu during Uie session
Of tho Senate, the Governor shull nominate to
the Senate, belore their tinal adjourumunt, a
proper person to till said vacancy.
But in any sncb ease of vooaua'y, ir) an elective
office, a person shall be chosen to (aid office at
the next general election, Uulee the vacuney
shall happen within three calendar nioalhs Im
mediately preceding such election, In which case
the elocliou for said office shall ke held at the
Second succeeding geueral election.
Jo aeting ou Kxecutivu uoiulnatioaa, the Sen
ate shall sit with open doors, and in couiiruiiug
or rejecting the nominations of ihe Governor,
the vote shall be taken by yeas aud nays, and
hall be entered ou the lournal,
am:. 'J. 11 ahall oavu power to remit tine
and fortcllures, to grant reprieves, commuta
tions or sentenc aud pardons, exespt in case of
Impeachment, but no parduu shall bo granted,
or sentence commuted, except upon tbe recom
mendation iu writing of the Lleute-nanl Govern
or, Secretary or the Commonwealth, Attorney
General and Sucrotary of luturnul Attain, or any
tbreo of them, alter, full bearing, upou due pub
lic notice and in open session, and such reooia
Inendalion, with the reasons therefor at length,
shall be recorded aud tiled In the office of the
Secretary of the Commonwealth.
Skc. lu. He may require information lu writ
ing Iroin the officer ot tbe Kxeoutlve Ueparl
mi ut upon any subject relating to the duties of
their respective office.
Skc 11. Uu shall, from time lo lime, give to
the General Assembly lnfor inutlou of the stale
of the Couuuooweulih.aud reeouimebd to their
consideration such meusuiej ai ho may judge
expcdleut. ' ;
Smi. 12. He may, on extraordinary occasions,
convene the General Assembly, and In case, of
J;n;ri'cuiul bctveeu th two house, with re
spect to tne time of adjournment, adjourn them
lo aueli time ss he amy Ibluk proper, not exceed
ing four mouths, lie shall have power to con
vene His Seustu tu extraordinary eesion, by
proclamation, fur the transaction of executive
l-urtuess. ... .......
tii-.o. lii. la fuse of lb death, conviction ou
Impeachment, failure to quulify, resignation, or
other disability uf tho Governor, the power,
duties, aud emolumeut of the office lor the re
mainder of tho term, or until the disability be
removed, shall devolve, upon the Lieuleuant
"Go eruor.
,8o. It In cs of a would u Ilia clip' Of
f Lieutenant Governor,, or Vhn lb Lieutenant
itovernor snail e impesched tiy tli tlonse or
Representatives er haH be unable to exercise
the duties of hi oitlce, tho power, duties, and
emolumenU thereof for th remainder of the
ternij or ntilil the disability be removed, shall
devolve upon tho President rno tkmcohr of the
Senate and the President pro tempore of the
Senate slmll In like manner become Governor If
a vacancy or disability shall occur In the olllce of
Governor! bis seat as Senator shall become Va
cant whenever he shall hecomo Governor, and
shall lie tilled by election a anV other vacancy
In the Senate.
Sko. IA. Kvery bill which (hall have passed
both houses shall be presented to the Governor;
If he approve, he shall sign it; but If he shall
not approve, ho s'-nll return It with his objec
tion lo the house In which It shall have origin
ated, which house shall enter the oblectlons at
lirgc npon their Journal, and proceed lu recon
sider lu If, after such reconsideration, t no
thirds or all tho mcmtKtr elected to that house
shall agree to paaa the bill. It shall be sent with
tho objections to Ihe other bouse, by which, like
wise, it shall he reconsidered, and If approved
by t
o iiurusoi an ine memncrs elected to that
hoiiau. It shull be a law : but in such casea the
votes of both houses sliall tie determined bv veas
and nava, and Ihe uamesof Ihe member voting
for and against the bill shsll be en lured on the
Journals of each house respectively. If any bill
shall not bo returned by tho Governor with In
ten dai s after It shall have been presented to
him, the same shall bo a law In like manner as
II' he had signed It, unless the General Assembly
by their adjournment, prevent lu return, lii
which case Itshall be a law, nnlrt he shall flic
the same, with his objection, lu the olllce ol
the Secretary ol thu Coiiiraonwcdlh, and give
notice thcrc.if by public proclamation wlllilu
thirty days sftut such adjournment.
Sko. lit. The Governor shall have rower to
disapprove ot any item or Items of anv bill mak
ing appropriations of money, embracing distinct
items end tbe part or parts of the bill approved
shall be the law, and the Item or items ol appro
prlation disapproved shall bo void, unless repass
ed according tu the rules and limitations pro
scribed for the passage of other bills over the
executive veto.
Skc. 17.' Tho Chief Justice of the Bupreme
Court (ball preside upon lha trial of any con
tested election or Governor or Lieutenant Gov
ernor, and shall decide questions regarding tho
admissibility ot ev Ideoce. and (ball, upon request
of tbe committee, pronounce hi opinion upon
other questions of lsw Involved In tho trial. The
Governor and Liaau aaut Governor shall exer
cise the dutiee of their respective office uulll
their auecessnri shall be duly qualified.
. Skc. 18. Th Secretary of the Common wealth
shall keep a record or all official ecu aud pro
ceeding of Din Governor, and when required
lay tne same, with all papers, minutes and vouch
ors relating thereto, before cither branch or tile
General Assembly, sad perform auch other du
ties as may be enjoined upon him be law.
Sko. If. Tbu Secretary ot Internal A flairs shall
exercise all the powers and perform all the du
ties ol the Surveyor General, subject to such
changes is shall bo made by law. - His deiiarl
Bieut shall etubraco a bureau of Industrial ski
listics, and he shall discharge snch duties relat
ing in corporations, to tne rnaritniiie institu
tions, the agricultural, manufacturing, mining,
mlueral, tiuitier aud other material or business
lnteresU ol Ilia Statu, us mar be prescriticd by
law. He shall annually, aud at such other times
as may be required by law, make report to the
Geueral Assembly.
Hue. 20. Tbo Superintendent of Vubllc In
struction shall exercise all the power and per
form all I lie duties of tho Superintendent or
Common Schools, subject to such changes as
(lull be made by law.
: Skc. it. The term of the Secretary of Inter
Icrnnl Affairs shall be four veers, of tbe Auditor
General, three years, nud of the Bute- Treasurer
two years. These officer shall bo chosen by the
qualified electors of the State at gcuoral "elec
tions. No person elected to the office of Audi
tor General or State Treasurer shall be pable
of holding the same office for two couseculiv
terms.
Sko. ti. The present Great Bool of Pennsyl
vania shall be the seal of th Statu,
All commissions shall be In tho name and jiy
authority of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvan
ia, aud !e scaled with the Stale leal aud signed,
by the Governor.
T ' ARTICLE V.
TUB JUOICIAHT.
8kct:ost 1. Tbe Judicial power of Ibis Com
monwealth shall be vested In tbe Supreme Conrt,
In couru or common pleas, court or over and
terminer, and general juil delivery, courts or
quarter sessions ol tbe peace, orphans couru,
magistrate' courts, and in such other courts as
the General Assembly may from time to time
caublish.
Skc. II. Tbe Supreme Conrt shall consist of
even judges, who shall be elected by the quali
fied electors of the Sutu at large. They shall
bold their office for tho term or twenty-one
vears, if they o long behave themselves 'well,
but shall nut be again eligible. The Judge whose
coiunilsion shull first expire shall be chief jus
tice, snd thereafter each Judge whose commit
lou shall iiret expire (ball In turn be chief Jus
tice. Skc. 8. The jurisdiction of tbe Supremo
Court shall extend over the State, and the Judges
thereof shall, by virtue of their office, lie Jus
tices or oyer aud terminer and general Jail de
livery lu tho several counties ; Ihcy sluill have
original jurisdiction lu casus of Injunction, and
where a cororaJou Is a party defendant, of ha
beas corpus, of MANUAMUe lo couru of luferlor
Jurisdiction ;' and of ouo warranto as to all of
ficers of the Commonwealth whose jurisdiction
extends over the Stute, but shull not exercise
any other original jurisdiction ; they shall have
appellate jurisdiction by appeal, ChlcnoHAiil or
writ ol error lu all casus, as is uow or may here
a ter be provided by lav.
Skc. 4. Unlit otherwise directed by law, the
couru of common plea shsll coutiuuo a ut
present established, except as herein changed ;
not more thau four counties shall, at any time,
be include!) u one Judicial district orgauixedfur
aid courts. ' ... -
Skc. 6. Whenever a enqpty s)all contain for
ty thousand iububiUuU it -hiill constitute a Sep
arate judlcinl district, aud shall elect one judge
learned In the law ; and the Generul Assembly
hall provide for additional judge, as tho busi
ness or lb said districts may require. Counties
containing a population icsa'lliau la sufficient to
constitute mparate district shull be formed lubi
couvenieiil single dislricU, or, If necessary, muy
be attached to contiguous distrlc-U us the Gener
al Assembly may provide. The otllee or usso
clato judge, uot learned In the law, I abolished
In counties forming separate districts ; but the
several assoclale judges In olllco when tbi con
stitution shall be adopted shall erve for their
unexpired term.
Skc. fi. . In the couotle of Philadelphia and
Allegheny, ull lh Jurisdiction and powera uow
vested iu tbe District Courts and Courts of Com
mon fleas, subject lo such changes as may lie
made by this rouslitution or by law, shall bo In
Philadelphia vested ill four, and in Allegheny iu
two distinct and separate court of equal aud co
ordinate jurisdiction, composed of three Judge
each; the said couru lu Philadelphia shall be
designated resjieclively aa the Court of Common
Pleas number ono, number two, uumlier three,
and number four, aud lu Allegheny a tbe Court
of Cpmuou flea number ouo aud number two,
but the uuuiber of said courts may be by law
Increased from time lo time, uud shull be iq liko
manner dctiguated by successive numbers ; Ihu
number of judges lu any of said courts, or lu
auy county where the establishment ol' an addi
tional court may be authorized by law, may i
bin eased from tliuu to time ; and whenever
such increase shall amount lu the whole to three
such three judge shall compose a distinct aud
separate, court aa aforesaid, whinh shall be nuw
Berttd a uiirkild.. In PblUdulpi.i all uii
ball be instituted in the said Courts ot Common
Picas without designating tbo number of said
court, aud the several courts shall distribute aud
apportion ihn business among ihciu lu such
luuuoer aa ebail be provided by mice ot court,
uud Cock court to which any (nit slmll be thus
aseigued shall have exclusive Jurisdiction there
of, subject to chaugo of Venue, a shull bo pro
vided by aw. Il) Alleflteuv each conn shall
have exclusive jurisdiction ay all proceedings ut
law aud lu equity commenced therein, subject to
change ot veuue as may oe-provide by law. -
Ski). T. For Philadelphia there shall bo one
Prothouobiry's office, uud one Prothouotury for
all aaid com la, to be appointed by the Judges or
auid couru, and to hold office lor three years, sub
ject to removal by a majority of the said judges;
the suld Prolbonolury shall appoint such assist
ants as may be ueeessuiy and authorised by said
couru, and he aud hi assistants shull receive
fixed aalurios, p lip dutcruiiuud by law (ud puld
xxxBaJBMuanrsiiBj j i in j ?v ,
by said county nil f collected iu s
except iR'h as niv be by law doe to
monwonllh, ahall be Bold by tbe J'rothm
Into the county treasure, r.ieli court slmll ;
It separate dockets, except the judgment d"
ct, which shall cotiMlu the Judgments inn lb ft
of all the said courts, ns Is or may be dlrecr
by law.
Skc. K. The said court In Iho counties
Philadelphia and Allegheny respectively shnl
from lime to time, in turn, diiall one or moreo
their Judges to holdjlhe courts ot Oyer aud Tei
niluer ami the rouits of Q in liter Sessions ol
the Peace ot suld conn lies In such manner o
nmy be directed by law.
Skc. b. Judge of tho Court of Common
Pleas learned lu the law shukJjo Judges or Ihe
Courts of titer and Terminer. IJunrler ScmIoiis
or the Peace, and General J ill IMIverv, and of
the Orphans Court, and wllhin tin Ir respec- -live
itlurlets shall be Justices of the peace a to"--erlmluul
mutters,
Sko. 10. The Judges of the Courts or Com- '
Hum l'k.is, wTiulu thclcrurprctive eountleshsll
have power to Issue writs ol ckktiokaiii to Jus
tices ol the peace and other Inferior court riot
of record, mid to enise their proceeding lo be
brought In lure them and right and Justlco to be
done.
Skc. It. Ecc t ns otherwise provided In this
constitution, Justices of the peace or uldermeH
sliall bu eleetetl In the eurerul wards, districts, ,
boroughs and townships at the time of Ihe elec
tion or constables, by the qua Illicit electors
thereof, In such manner as shall bu directed by
law, and shull tie commissioned by the Governor
Tor n term of live vcurs. No township, wnrd,
illrtiicl or boroimh shsll elect moro than two
Justices of the peace or aldermen without the
consent or a majority ol tbo qnnlilied elector
.within such township, ward or borough ; no
person shall be elected to such office units ho.
shsll have resided within the township, borough,
ward or district for one year next preceding hi
election. In cities contilnlug over lift v thou
sand Inhabitants, not more than ono niderinan
shall be elected In each ward or district.
Sac 12, in Philadelphia there shall be estab
lished, for each thirty thousand tnhubiluuU, oae
conrt not of record, of police and civil causes,
with Jurisdiction not exceeding oue hundred dol
lars; such courts shall le held by magistrate
whot-e term or otllee shall lie Mve year, sad they
sliall be elected On general ticket by the quail
lied voters at large ; and in the election of tbe
said magistrates no voter sliall vote for more
than two-thirds or the number or persons to be
elected, w hen moro than one are to be ehoser ;
they shall be compensated only by fixed salaries,
to be paid by suld couutv ; and shall excrcisu
such jiiriad let lou, civil and criminal, except as
herein provided, as Is now exercised by alder
men, subject to such ebauges, uot Involving an -
lucrcastf of civil Jurisdiction or conferring polit
ical duties, ns may ho made by law. In I'hiludel-
puia tne oince oi Aiaermun Is abolished.
Skc. I k All fee, lines and penalties In (aid
couru shall be puld into the county treasury. .
Skc. 14. In all cased of summary conviction
In this Coiiimonwealili, or of Judgment In suit
lor a peually belore a uiavl-trate, or court not
of record, either party mav appeal to such court
of record us m.iy be prescribed by law, upon al
lowance of the appellate court or Judge thereof,
upon cause shown.
Skc. 14. All Judges required to be learned In
the law, except the Judges of the Supreme Court,
shall be elected by the quail lied electors ot tho
respective districts ovot which Ihev are to pre
side, and shall hold their offices lor the period
of ten years, If they shall so long behave them
selves well ; but lor any reasonable cause, which
shall not be sufficient grouud lor luipcucbuicut,
the Governor muy remove auy or them on the "
address or two thirds or each bouse uf the Gen
eral Assemble,
Skc. lit Whenever two judges of the Supreme
Court are to be chosen for the same term of ser
vice, each voter alinll vote for one only, and
wheuthreo are t-i be chosen he sliall vote lor
no moro than twoi candidate highest In vote
shall be declared elected. v
Skc 17. Should any two or moro Judges of
tbo Supreme Court, or any two or more Judge
of tbe Court of 'Common Pico for tho ame dis
trict be elected at the same time, they hall, a
oou alter the elocllon convenient, cast lot
for priority of conimisslou, and certify Iho re
sult to the Governor, who ahall Issuo their coin
miaslous lu accordanao therewith.
Sko. 18. The Judges or the Supreme Court
and the Judge of the several Couru or Common
Pleas, aud all other Judge required to be learn
ed lo the law, shall, at stated times, receive for
their services an adequate compensation, Which
shall be fixed by law, and paid by tbe Bloio.
They shall receive no other compensation, Ice,
or perquisite or office for their services from
ny source, nor hold anv oilier office of profit
under iho Uuitcd Stales, this Suite, or auy other
Btate. .
Skc. 19. The judges of the Supreme Court,
during their couiinuuuce u odico, shall re.ldo
within thU Commonwealth ; and the other
Judge, during their continuance iu office, shall
reside within ihe districts for which Ibey shall bu
respectively elected , ,
Sko. Sit). The several Courts of Common
Pleas, beside the power b'ireio conferred, (bull .
have and exercise wilhln their respective dU- 9
trlcta, subject tu such cbangu as may be mad
by law, such chancery powir a are now vesica
by law in the several Couru of Common Plea
of tills Commonwealth, or aa msv hereafter be
conferred upon them bv law.
Sec. VI. No dull.' shall be Imposed by law
upon the Supreme Court or any of tbe Judge
thereof, except such a are judicial, nor (hail anv
ol the Judge thereof exercise auy power of up'-
polntmcnl, except a herein provided. The
Court ur Nisi Prlus Is hereby abolished, and uo
court or original Jurisdiction to be presided over
by any oue or more of the judges of the Supreme
Court shall be established.
Sko. 42. In every county wherein the popu
lation ahall exceed oue hundred aud fifty thous
and the Geueral Assembly shall, and In any oth
er county may, caiubhst a separate Orplinn'
Court, lo consist of oue or more judge who v
hall be learned III the law. which court shall
exercise all the jurisdiction uud powers uow vesi
ca in, or wiiicii may hereafter be coulerred up
ou, the Orphan' Couru, aud thereupon the Ju
risdiction of the judges of the Court of Common
Pious within uch county, lu Orphans' Court
proceedings, shall cease aud determine i in any
couuty In which a separate Orphans' Court shall
oo esiuuiisucu mo ncgtsicr ol wills shall be
clerk of .ueu Court, and subject tn its direction
In all matter pertaining to bis office; he muv
appoint assistant clerks, but ouly with tbe con
sent aud approval or said court. All accounts
filed with htm u register or a clurk of tbo said
separulo Orphans' Court, shall bo uudited by
tho Courf without expense In parlies, except
where all parlies 111 iqlerest iu a pending pro
ceeding shall Dominate an auditor whom tho
court may, In lla discretion, appoint. Iu every
county Orphan' Couru shall possess all thu
powers and jurisdiction or a Register s Court,
and siuralo Register' Court are hereby abol
ished. Sko. i3. The tyle or all process shall be
Tho Commonwealth of Pennsylvania." All
prosecutions shall lie carried on hi the name and
by the authority of tbe Common wiulth ol Penn
sylvania, and eonoludo aalust thu peace autl
dignity of the same.
Sue. 2t. In all cases ot felonious homicide,
and lu such other criminal eases as muv lie pro-
vidud for by law, the accused, after conviction
and sentence, mav reuiove the Indictment, re
cord, aud all proceedings to the Supremo Court
fur review.
Skc. lb.. Any vacancy happening bv death,
resignation, or otherwise, In auv court ol rcc
oru, (hall be tilled by nppoliituieut by tho Gov- -eruor,
to continue till the tirat Monday of Jauu. -ary
next iicceding the first generul election,
which ahall occur three or moro mouths alter
the bappculng of auch vacuuey.
Skc. Ud. All laws relatiug to courts ahull be
general and of uullorm operation, aud the or
ganisation, jurlsdietiou uud powers ol all courts
ot tbe samu class or grudu, so for us regulated - .
by law, and the force and effect of tho pi oees
and JudKmcut of such courts shull be uniform ;
aud the General Assembly Is hereby piohlbited
Irotu crcuilug other courts tocxercbe the pow
er vested bv Ibis constitution In the j olges of
tbecouHsol Common I'leaaand Orpbaus'Courts.
'. ' The parlies, by agreement tiled, may
lu auy civil rose dispense with trial by Jurv, and
submit the decision of such ease to Iho' court
havlug juiisdlelion thereof, aad such eourt shall
hear and determine the anme ; and the judgment
llu reon shall bo subject to writ of error u iu
other vases-
AKTlCLt VI.
iMrm nair aki xkmoval kiiom cffu-e.
Hxctiox 1. The House or Ht'presciiUtlvesshall have
tile sole poucr ol imis.ncliluel.1.
Hkv. 2. All iiuiiuii menu, sluill be tried by the f en .