. " . . - " " ' ' 1 "
111
gSTABLISHKD 1S2T.
cnn of Publication.
I ,,.. ewrjr Wuineniay aiorolni at
uvariably be charted.
i, will
,niiri-iion w
ill lc discontinued until
. rr paid op. Poatmaatere no-
. fv ua when aubscriberi do not
1 tins
, out their wui "" "
i removing from one poatofflce to
s-r.houlOC" u luru;"
. . . . Ik. fovm-
k, veil
IMtberreeentomoe, au
The buiuuun llx.KA.ia,
BOMUUT, Pa.
f. ruit Jr- v ..,.
.n.. i;KV & N fARi rl
BLIC.
L V -
Ha.
,-nsK. UK YE liS,
L r- - Lv.vr.LAW.
-A - -
til " 1
l.jaaliiii.i-lfi"1"'-
. ,u;iuiea lo his care will be at
u j.ioii;pUic aud nucllly.
1
"vT'lT V. W- WALKER,
a'v WALKER,
U t Yfs-AT-LA W,
.ud.NoTAKYl'LliUC;
tSoiileiset- Fa.
V Court Houae.
T "
- 4
'Jt Alivi..vU-.T.V:,
o. iTu rourtu &t-t Pittsburg, Pa.
A- i;hlA1IEV-AT-LAW.
fSomtrsct fa.
aKvr fiLvT't lUuk Store.
i;VEV M. 1JEKKLEY,
Ali'K-VtV-Ai-LAW,
i iu t :rt National lUuk.
I' A c. HoI.IiKKT,
A 1 1 -'ii fc V-AT-L.VW.
soiucrbeU Pa.
i. 0 -J. IK
1-.-ii;t.E 11- rTIX,
AllMl-.ti-AT-LAU,
boiiuTM-t, Ia.
kit. W. 1!IPE(. KEII,
.UluKt-Ai-L.W,
SuuicrMrt, Pa.
,u 1-ni.iiiiS Uvmsc lUw, upiHwihs Court
1L .-C'OTT,
AlU.KNtY-AT-L.VV,
Sjuitnu'l, Pa.
J. KWI's
A I iUllN EY-AT-LA W,
tsouiereet, Ia.
J. U. OGLE.
Ixjmz i x;le,
A i A Ulk A " f
ssjiuerset, Pa.
'Vf prompt HtU-ntion to lusiiiw ell
j lo in. ;r ti iu x.mrrMrlauJiiajoiuiiHE
, iiiliit- iu ITiiit House ltow, opposilo
lift UilttM
kLEMlNE HAY,
1 ... x- . v. 1 T-I 1 W
Soui-r-t, Pa.
, U.-.l 1.'... Will Mtt.'tld IU
III l.'J. i ..... --
f -i..- riiiruu-a to uu.care with prouiplr
tiN h. mi,
ATI UK 1 1 -A 1 -lA w ,
Hoiuerset, Pa.
t.r..inpt:- aiu-nd Jo all buyww en
i u. I., us." 'y Jvjiii-J ou Xllec
ic. oilux- iu iLiuuiolu lilock.
IN O. K I MM EL,
A 1 1 vK t V-AT-LA W,
tioiueraet. Pa.
a a-u ii.i to nil imniues tuu-Hfvcu w
I NJImM'l I.UU MUJOI1IU1K BlUi Ltl, WlUl
.U.-K- ami lui. lii . omvf on Jiaiu ww
iiMi (.oIlrolU K lirocerj' Store..
AlluK.SLV-AT-L.W,
toiucrM!t, Pa.
in M.im:ii"tli lil.n-k, up .Utini. En
.i..iu i'niM tiv.-u Collwtiou
lhI.t til.U. ntk r4iniu-l.ua all
i-:ii- altruiiitl W muU rouiJ)lnoiB
-.n v.
.iI.BvUX. L. C CULBORN.
UuKN & t".LUOKN,
Al TuKN S-A f-LAW,
iinrnwt, Pa.
,:itr t-!itrutrd to our care will be
v and Lutlilully attciKlU U. Coll
.J.l. in rNiiiu-rM-t, l-.-ui.ird aud adjoiu
.1..11. sur-mg mud couveyaociug
. r-..!.llllt UTUiaw
L. 15AE11,
A ITuKX EY-AT-LA W,
SomertH-t, Pa.
prarti.v in Souu-rwl and adjoining
A.i l'U-ui.-i-. utrUhU-d lo uiui will
pr.iupt alU'Uliou.
.il KK.-Tll. V. 11. KCPPEU
rKOTH i ltrprEL,
A1TO K. E YS-AT-LAW,
teotuersrt, Pa.
t sin.s entrusted to their care will be
ml puiu'tuaily atu-udi-d to. OnH
a Cro .trvrrl, vMit Mauiuiolh
iv.
t'A MOTHERS, M. D.,
1'UYSKIAX AMitiLKUEOS,
t
-Sou-ersrt, Pa.
ou Patriot Slrwt, opolt L". B.
aU. at office.
P. F. SHAFFEK,
1'UlhltIA.N anu SURGEON,
Somcract, Pa.
h hi. pr-fi-.ional -r k-e to the citi-
x.iiw rx t ana VK-luity. Utuce corner
'j mid I'atnot street.
J. M. LOUTH EK,
l init lAX asu sURUEON,
:i M,iiu tnvt, rear of l.rug store.
11. S. KIMMELL,
r hiv pr.i..-kioiiai wrvlren to the oltl-fv.in.rw-t
anu vieinity. I nleM pro
" ft tLz-l leo.n be kiuiid at liin of
Miiu St.. i-al ol liiauioud.
I i .M.-MILLEX.
Graduate in lietitintry.)
f 'i1 a'tentioB to the preservation
a'i 'n1 t-. th. Artitleial eW lum-rted.
Hi. i i!iHniDtn-d tiHMei..rv littit-e
. '-i.i.rL H lb4Vi A li.'i aliire.
1 .1 Cr..F t and Patriot streela.
UOF FliOTH,
Funeral Director.
'. Main ('n IU-siileuce,
ii Patriot
NK H. FLIX K,
Land Surveyor
JX1XG KXOIXEER. Ustie, Pa.
ils! Oils!
-o-
! ! . ('- I'lttxbure Iw-part-
i t.t.un-. ,lmk, ,H,-,ally of
muiarturunc for the U.mwtic
trade iht tluet bmuda of
bating & Lubricating Oils
?IMha k Gasoline,
""tde from Petroleum. We chal-
"ni.nou with every known
pduct of Petroleum
fjouwi.1, the mwit uniformly
itisfactory Oils
-IN THE-
fca?.rarket.
rniemrt and Tldnl
V 'uppliKi by
"f'K BKERITH and
'W.VbEKuwER,
Komeraet, Pa.
i ii . a i 1 1 H i ii . 1 1 ,m. II 1 1 u i i r if . vi n
U v4 7 BV. M y II II II 7 J K J M 7 M J i Jt J II L yUJ il M it m I
VOL. XLY. XO.
RY
It
Floats
"Wax Yellow," "Light May Green,"
Orange" are artificial soap colors, used
Do you not prefer your soap as yon
color ?
Tmi Paocrt t &.-! Co, Cm TV.
THE-
First iBttaal Bank
Somerset, Penn'a.
Capital, S50.000.
Surplus, S24.000.
DEPOSITS RCCCIVCD IN LADSC ANDSMALt
AMOUNTS, PATABLC ON DCMANO.
ACCOUNTS OP MERCHANTS, PAPMEHS.
STOCK DCALENS. AND OTHERS SOLICITED
DISCOUNTS DAILY.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
LA RUE M. HICKS, GEO. R. SCULL,
JAMES UPUGH, W. H. MILLER,
JOHN R. SCOTT, ROBT. S. SCULL,
FRED W. BIESECKER.
EDWARD SCULL, : : PRESIDENT.
VALENTINE HAY, : VICE PRESIDENT.
HARVEY M. BERKLEY", . CASHIER.
The funds and securlt io of this bank are w-
eurely pnrtected In a celebrated Coklims bck
olas Proof Safe. The only Bafe made abso
lutely burglar-proof.
The Somerset County
BAN K
OF SOMERSET PA.
DtabiisM, 1877.
OrcinlztduiNat!tl,1E90
-O.
CAPITAL,
$50,000
SURPLUS AND UN-
DIVIDED PROFITS $23,000
-O:-
Chas. J. Uarrison,
Win. II. Koontz, -Milton
J. Tritt?,
rresident.
Vice President
- - Cashier.
- Ass't Cashier.
Geo. S. Ilarrison,
ro:-
Directors:
Sam. B. Harrison,
Jusiah Speeht,
John H. Snyder,
Jo-iepb. B. Iavi,
Harrison Snyder,
Chas. V
Wm. Endsley,
Jonas M. Cook,
John Stum,
Noah S. Miller,
Jerome Stufft,
Snyder.
Customers of this bank will rwlvethemort
liberal lrttinentcoiiMMtent with safe hankine.
Partie wishlnif Uf s-iid mmiey east or went
ma he accomiuouaieu oy umu iui mj
amount. . .
Money and valuables secured by one of IHe
bold's celebrated safes, with most improved
time lock.
Collections nude in all parts of the Unite
States. Chantes moderate.
Accounts and deposits sonciiea.
A. H. HUSTON,
Undertaker and EmbaJmer.
A GOOD HEARSE,
and everything pertaining to funerals furn
ished. SOMERSET - - Pa
Jacob D. Swank,
Watchmaker and Jeweler,
Next Door West of Lutheran Church,
Somerset, - Pa.
I Am Now
prepared to supply the public
with Clocks, Watches,
elry of all descriptions, as Cheap
as the Cheapest.
REPAIRING A
SPECIALTY.
All work guaranteed. Look t
Btock tiefore making your
liurchase.
J. D. SWA1MK:
my
ALWAYS
On Hand.
BEST IN THE MARKET
Jarecki Phosphate,
Raisin's Phosphate,
Lime,
Crushed Coke,
Hard Coal,
Salisbury Soft Coal,
At the Old Stand near the Somer
set Sc Cambria R. R. Station.
Prices Right.
Peter Fink
Hz It f T i f X IV T if TV 11' U L 1 vf TV H f t Y " O fl T X
f ? Li L n I U Q H U 1 f 13
3.
" Fashionable Brown," and "Tine
by manufacturers.
prefer your butter, of good natural
rsALUhl.
N
EW SPRING GOODS. New
est styles in all kinds of'
goods and lowest prices. A full
line of Cashmere and Serges in all
qualities. Splendid assortment of
Black Wool, Worsted and Mohair
Dress in Brocaded and Novelty.
St vies, suited for dresses and skirts J
A big stock of newest stvles of
Novelty Dress Goods, ranging in
price from 12 1-2 cts to $1 a yard.
G'
REAT variety of Silks and
Silk and Wool Plaids, Ac, for
waists fc dresses. Wash Goods for
desses and waists, including Swisses,
Lawns, Percales, Dimities, Crepes,
Moire, Chintzes, Cheviotte Prints,
Ginghams, Seersuckers, Ac. Splend
id values in Table Linens, Towels,
Napkins, Table Covers, Bed
Spreads, Portiers, Furniture Da
mask Silk and Silkoliue Draperies
and Cushions.
LADIES' Dress Skirts and Shirt
Waists. Ladies' Spring Capes
in Velvet, Silk and Cloth. Ladies'
Night Dresses, Corset Covers, Skirts
and Chemise. A handsome assort
ment of New Lace Collars and
Dress Yokes. Infants Long and
Short Dresses, Long and Short
Coats and Sacks. Great variety of
Children's Mull and Lace Caps and
Hats.
NEW Style Buttons, Silk?,Gimps,
Ribbons, Laces, Ac, for dress
trimmings. A large variety of
Cambric, Swiss and Nansook Em
broidery in white and colors.
Linen Sheeting, Stamped Linen and
Embroidery Silk.A large assort
ment of Lace Curtains cheap.
Also Curtain Swiss and Scrim.
, ARGEST stock of new Millm-
erv Goods. All the latest
styles. A large assortment of Lace
and Button Guaranteed Kid Gloves.
Fast Colored Stockings in Black
and colors for Ladies', Misses',
Children, Men and Boys. Best
dark, blue and light calicoes, 5 ets.
Wool and Cotton Carpet Chain.
Mrs. A B. UHL.
NASAL
CATARRH
CATARRH
Is a
LOCAL DISEASE
and Is the result of
colds and sudden
eli-iiHtic ch amies.
It can le cued by a
pleasant remedy
whieli is applied ili-r-eily
iutothe nos
trils." Ely's Cream Italin
ov ii and cleans"
the N.'i'al Pas-sures
Allnvs Iliiu and Ii:-
COLD 'n HEAD
fliuiiiiintlon.H-alsllH"Si.r.lTotectstheniein-fcranr
from Colds. Rcston the senses of taste
and sm. II. The lialui 1" quickly assort ed
and irives relief at once. Price M ceut. at
Druggists or by mail.
FX Y BROTHERS, 56 Warren Street. N.
THE KEELEY CURE
Ii a rperi&l Ionn to bostnets men who, harinr
drifted uncoiist-lously Into the drink babit ana
Awaken to find the diaea-e of alcohoUam fasUned
ntr.m them, rendering them unfit to matuure af
fairs requiring a clear brain. A four wvefcl
course uf treatment At the ,
PnTSBURO KEELEY INSTTTLTE,
No. 43U Fifth ATenue,
misrtm tA them all their nowen. mental and
phTMcal. destroy the abnormal appetite, and
re-ion them to th condition thev were In be
fore they lndulired In stimulant. Th ii has been
done in more than l0O case treated here, and
miut them some of your own neighbora, to
whom we can refer with confidence aa to the
absolute safety and efficiency of the KeelerCnre.
ti vltcU. bead tot pam pi-let giving lUU uJon--
n. fnllfst antl mnsK aeareuinK meiuuii
lion.
CAVCATS.
TRADE MARK.
DCSICN PATENTS. I
COPTRIOHTa.
Tor tn.rrnnat.na and free Handbook wnta to
mu.ss a co au Bbodwat. mw ot
Okies tmreaa f"r ecnrln pak-au IB America.
Fer ratent lake out by ui is baoucbt brfora
tM TIC-Cby a mot lea fn ol ckarx la l
frituttfic mto8
Larmt drfwlatloa of any arteatWe paper la the
world. tvpleDOldly llluttn.ua. ha lafllirent
Z. IbouM ba without It. Weekly, fJ.OOa
Tear-tlSU alz moctha. .Tm.IUNjr O
jrai ii "-"i Ml Jiroadwaj, w York City.
IMPORTANT TO ADVERTISERS.
Th cream of the country Tperm is found
tn Hftminrtoii'a Coortr Seat lista. Shrewd
mAnrtium a rail then-Sclfe of these lists,
opt of vhich can be bad of BemlufW
Brtk. bf Jfetr York Kttobujtf.
5AP
I SolenUflO American
A Aflency for
iTVV hyCMt AT.
IS Vt TAOt MARKS,
DCSICN PATENTS,
toJ
.
.
SOMERSET, PA., WEDNESDAY,
WILLIAM M'KIXLEY.
THE PEOPLE'S CHOICE.
Record of a Typical American Career
in Public and in Private Life-
AXCESTRY' OK THE XLXT PRK.IDEXT
SClKMtL LIKE A SOI.DIKK IX THE
UNION ARMY FOURTEEN YEARS
IX (VNKF. AND FOUR YEARS
AS (SOVERNoR HIS MANLY'
BATTLE FOR HONEST MON
EY AND PROTECTION
JZZS jroJ.'S LIFE AMI
I'T'SUXAL TKAI TS.
"In hiiu we And the best representa
tive of the possibilities of American life.
Hoy and man, he typifies American
youth and manhood and illustrates the
beiielils and glory of our free institu
tions. He did not flash forth as a me
teor ; he rose with measured and state
ly steps over rough paths and through
years of rugged work. He earned his
passage to every preferment. He was
tried and tested at every step in his
pathway of progress. lie produced his
lassport to every gateway to opportu
nity and glory. His State sustain
ed him, aud at last the Nation reward
ed his courage and consistency with
the highest houors it could bestow."
Such was the tribute paid a little more
than ten years ago by William Mc
Kinley to James A brain (iarilcld.
With scarcely a change of word or in
flection it may to-lay be appropriately
rendered to its author.
ANCESTRAL STOCK.
Every land lias its traditions of hero
ism. P. very jieople has its lieroes. II
would be a thankless task to discrimi
nate between them and to say which
was worthy of the greatest glory, the
men of Marathon, of Sempach, or of
Huuker Hill, "Montani semper lilieri";
and the hills of (Jreece, of Switzerland
and of Scotland have each in turn lieen
fitly called the Land of Liberty. Hut
f pre-eminence be given to none, sure
ly equality with any may be claimed
for the land of Bruce and the country
man of Wallace. The man whose fore
bears fought at Hannockburn and de
creed "No surrender" at Londonderry,
and followed Washington from Massa
chusetts Hay to Yorktown, may at
least lay claim to honorable ancestry.
Tiie McKiiilers originated in the
western part of Scotland, and early be
came conspicuous for their valor and
devotion to principle. They were iden
tified with the Covenanter party in re-.
ligious and civil affairs, anil shared to
the full its sturdy holding of the faith
and its indomitable resistance to the
persecution aud tyranny of the Stuart
kings. In the time of Charles II. the
family emigrated to the north of Ire
land and joined their clansmen who in
Cromwell's day had colonized the
Province of Ulster. There they were
again subjected to many ills in the
Jacobite war, through which they bore
themselves with manly loyalty to the
Covenant and to the King. Thence,
about the middle of the last century,
they came to America, worthy mem
bers of that army of Scotch-Irish colo
nists, famous alike for brain and brawn,
which contributed so largely to the
settlement and civilization of this con
tinent, to the achievement of independ
ence, and to the upbuilding of the Na
tion.
There were two brothers McKinley,
James and WIl.m, among those colo
nists. They reached this country some
twenty-five years before the buttle of
Bunker Hill. James settled iu what Is
now the ancient town of York, in
Southern Penns3'lvania, married, and
sent his son David to fight under
Washington's flig in the War of the
Revolution. When peace was restored
and independence gained, David Mc
Kinley returned to the Pennsylvania
homestead aud there lived until after
the War of 1812. Then, joining the
great tide that began to move west
ward, he removed to the country be
yond the Ohio River and settled in the
region now known as Columbiana
County, Ohio a region dotted thickly
with good old Covenanter names.
There he founded the "Buckeye
Branch" of the McKinley clan.
While the McKinleys were thus mak
ing their way from Scotland to Ireland,
i and thence to Pennsylvania and Ohio,
a family name liose, also persecuted for
nonscienw's sake, was seeking liberty
in another direction. Andrew Itase
was a leader among the English Puri
tans, and was among those who mi
grated to Holland for refuge from ty
ranny ; thence, attracted by the enter
prise of Tenn, he came to America and
settled at Doylestowu, IVim. There
he prospered, became a leader in poli
ties aud a member of the Legislative
Council of the colony. His son, Andrew
Hose, jr., was not only a gallant soldier
in the Revolutionary army, but also an
iron manufacturer whose work supplied
the patriots with many cannon and
other implements of war. Now in
time it came to pass that David Mc
Kinley and Mary, the daughter of An
drew Hose, jr., liecame acquaintance!,
and friends, then lovers, and then hus
band and w ife. Thus were allied the
two sturdy stocks of Hootch-Irish and
Knglish Puritans, aud fully blended in
the first offspring of this marriage a
boy, to whom was given the name of
William. The first William McKinlcy
remaiucd in Eastern Ohio, and was one
of the pioneers of the iron business in
tiiat region, with foundries at Fair
field, New-Wilmingtowand elsewhere.
His wife was Nancy Allison, a de
scendant, like himself, of Scotch Cov
euauter stock. To them were born
eight children, to one of whom, a boy,
born at Niles, in Trumbull County,
Ohio the second county north of
Columbiana ou January , 1S33, was
given his father's name of William.
The house in which the future Presi
dent was Iwru is still standing on one
of the streets of Niles. It is a frame
structure, two stories high, and what
was once the parlor is now a grocery
store. At the front is a vine-jwrch on
which McKinley the child used to play
and from which McKinley the states
man has made many an address to the
admiring citizens of his native town.
II.
CHILD ANI STCIIENT.
Neither poverty nor wealth is essen
tially characteristic of the true Aineri-
HON. WILLIAM M'KINLEY.
can. Either may be his portion. Your
pauper may be a Czar at heart ; your
millionaire, in creed and conduct, tjie
truest democrat. The young McKin
ley experienced neither extreme. The
prayer of Agur was auswered in his le
lialf. His parents were in his early
years well-to-do people, though by no
means rich. He kuew no struggle
with grinding poverty in his childhood.
Neither was he pampered in the lap of
luxury. His childhood was spent like
that of the average healthy, whole
some child of intelligent and thrifty
parents, in a simple and unpretentious
state of society. No startling tales are
told of his'precocity. But he was, at
least, rather more than ordinarily ob
servant in mind and robust in body.
He was fond of play and out-of-door
sports, and was genial iu his compan
ionship with other children. At the
same time there was apparent, even in
his earliest, years, something of that
quiet earnestness that is now so mark
ad a characteristic of the man: "A
blaek-haired, grave-faced, but robust
and manly little chap," is the memory
the older inhabitants of Niles have of
their famous townsman's early appear
ance.
The boy was sent for a few years to
the village school ut Niles. Then the
family removed to Poland, in Mahon
ing, the county between Trumbull and
Columbiana, in order that he ami the
other children might enjoy the advant
ages of a high school or academy in
that town. In both institutions he
showed himself a solid and thorough,
rather than a show studetiL He al
ready had a leaning toward argument
find oratory, and was a prominent
figure in all schoolboy debates. At
Poland there was a literary society and
debating club,' aud of it he was for
some time president. The story Is told
that the boys and girls saved up their
spending money until they had enough
tojbuy a carpet.for the meeiiug-room of
the club. They purchased at a neigh
boring carpet'store what they deemed
an exceedingly handsome fabric. Its
groundwork was green and its orna
mentation gorgeous golden wreaths.
The society unanimously decided that
no boots should ever profane that sacred
carpet, and the girl members, there
fore, volunteered to knit slippers for all
the members to wear. Unfortunately,
the slippers were not ready for the first
meeting, and so all the members who
attended, and the visitors, too, were re-
; y '" y
JULY 1, 1896.
qulred to put oft" their shoes from their
feet and listen to the debute shod only
In htockings. The deVter themselves
did likewise, and young M Kiuley pre
sided over the meeting in his stocking
feet.
At the Poland academy McKinley
was prepared to enter college, aud at
the age of sixteen he was matriculated
at Allegheny College, Meadville, Penn.
Scarcely was he well started in his
studies there, however, when he fell ill
and was compelled to return home.
Wheu his health was restored he found
himself thrown largely ou his own re
sources. The hard times of the IJuch-
anan Administration had caused his
father some embarrassment in business,
and justice to the rest of the family
made it necessary for William at least
partially to support himself. He there
fore took to school teaching in a dis
trict school near Poland. He got a
month salary, and "Umrded arotiud."
Much of the time, however, he lived
at home, walking to ami from school
every day, a distance of several miles.
His intention was to save up a little
money and return to college in a year
or two. Hut that was not to be.
III.
THE .SOI. Ill KK ROY.
While this lad of eighteen was still
engaged in teaching. Fort Sumter was
fired upon. At Lincolu's summons
the whole loyal North spraug to arms;
no part of it with more patriotic ardor
thau the old Western Keserve, in the I
liordersof which McKinley was living,
From every county and town volun- I
teers were soon inarching toward the I
frontier. Every village and hamlet I
sent its quota. Poland was not behind I
the resL In June. lSnl. a mass-meet-I
ing was held, at which some stirring
st leeches were made, aud at its close a
commtnv was enlisted. Geueral Fre
mont inspected and mustered iu the re
cruits. He examined young McKin
ley, pounded his chest, looked into his
eyes and said "You'll do." That was
perhaps the proudest moment the ly
had yet known, to I thus treated by
tlw famous "Pathfinder," of whose
thrilling adventures he had read with
so much zesL The company was made
Company K of the 23d Ohio Regiment,
of which William S. IJosccrans was
Colonel, Stanley Matthews Lieutenant-
Colonel, and Rutherford B. Hayes Ma
jor.
For fourteen months M KiuIey car
ried a musket iu the ranks. He was a
good soldier, intelligently obedient to
his superior officers and genial and gen
erous to his comrades. There was no
more popular man in the regiment, and
no harder lighter. Nor was there any
lack of fighting to do. Six weeks after
it left Columbus the reeiment had its
baptism of blood and fire at Carnifex
Ferry. Then it had to chase the rebel
raiders back ami forth acrss the rug
ged mountain ranges, was drenched
by incessant rains, almost famished at
times for lack of food, and exposed to all
manner of unpleasant experiences. The
young men from Poland thus had their
fighting qualities and powers of endur-
anee put to a hard test But they stood
it admirably. The regiment was soon
ordered to Washington, and was there
made part of the great Army of the
Potomac, of which McClellan was com
mander. Then came Antietam, in
which Titanic conflict the soldier boy
bore himself with all of a veteran's
valor, and at the end of which he left
the ranks with a lieutenant's sword at
his side. Never was there a more pop
ular promotion in the "Fighting Twenty-third,"
and never one more fully de
served or more modestly borne. "I al
ways look back with pleasure on those
fourteen months I served iu the ranks,"
said Mr. McKinley not very long ago.
"They taught me a great deal. 1 was
but a schoolboy when I went into the
Arm v. and that year was a formative
period in mv life, during which I
learned much of men and affairs. I
have always been glad that I entered
the service as a private."
After Antietam came active and rapid
work in the West Virginia mountains.
aud then a quick march into Pennsyl
vania and back again. One day the
regiment had breakfast in reunsylva-1
nia, dinner in Maryland and supper in
Virgiuia. A period of rest followed,
from November, 1W.2, to July, 1So3.
Indeed, there is no record of serious
engagement until April, 1So4, when
General Crook made a raid upon the
Virglnia and Tennessee Railroad. Bat-
tics were fought and victories won at
Clyde Mountain and at New Bridge.
In June the regiment joinad General
Hunter's command and suffered are
pulse at Lynchburg. In July came the
battle of Kernstown, near Winchester,
iu which they were also repulsed after
a hard struggle. During this battle
McKinley made himself conspicuous
by his during execution of an order.
One of the regiments was posted in au
orchard, far in front. When the rest
of the army was compelled to fall back
it was left there unsupported, appa
rently forgotten by the commanding
officers. Finally General Hayes, dis
covering the oversight, directed Mc
Kinley to carry an order to the unfortu
nate regiment to retreat. It seemed
certain death to go but the youngsoldier
started on his errand without a mo
incut's hesitation. His comrades never
expected to see him alive again, but iu
a short time he returned safe and sound
with his errand accomplished.
Another striking incident occurred
in the buttle at Oiieqtian, near V in
chester, ill September, lstit, when Mc
Kinley was a member of Sheridan's
staff. McKinley was sent with a verbal
order to General Duval, directing him
to move his command quickly to
another position. General Duval, ou
receiving the order, not knowing the
'Iay of the land,'' asked McKinley,
'Hy what route shall I go?" McKin
ley knew little more of the country
than did Duval, but he had been ob-
serving keenly all day, ami he unhesi-
tatmgly replied, "I would go along
this creek." Duval hesitated, and
finally said, "I will not goat all with
out positive orders as to the route."
Then McKinley, knowing that the fate
of the liattle was perhaps trembling in
the balance, said iieremptorily, "ten
eral, this is a case of great emergency.
I order you, by command of General
Crook, to move your command imme
diately along this creek to a position ou
the right of the army." Duval obeyed,
and executed the manoeuvre in safety.
In a short time he had his division in
place, charged the enemy and drove
them from their works. The move
ment was a brilliant success, thanks to
McKiuley's judgment and decision.
The young soldier also distinguished
himself both for valor and for shrewd
ness at Winchester and other engage
ments in that campaign.
"For gallant and meritorious service
at the batths of Opeqiian, Cedar Creek
and Fisher's Hill," reads McKiuley's
j commission as Major ; and .he docu
ment signed, "A Lincoln." He had
been made second lieutenant iu Septem
ber, at nineteen years of age; first
lieutenant just after his twentieth birth
day, in February, 18s, and captain in
July, lsM. Alter Cedar Creek he saw
little more fighting ; but he remained
with his regiment until the end of the
war, and was honorably mustered out
with it on July 2, ls", Major McKin
ley, a four-years' veteran, twenty-two
years of age.
IV.
LAWYER ANI POLITICIAN.
What now? His occupation as a sol
dier was gone. He must return to the
arts of peace. Memories of his unfin
ished college course anwe. He was
still a matriculant of Allegheny, and
would have liked to return thither.
But he had not the means, and his
family could not now assist hini. He
went over to Canton, the seat of Stark
County the next county westward
from his ancestral Columbiana and
had a long talk with his eldest sister,
nna, who was teaching school there.
That conference decided his future
course. He en tered upon the study of
law, at first in the office of Judge
Charles 11 (Hidden, at Canton, aud
then in the well-known law school at
Albany, N. Y. He was graduated at
the latter institution, and admitted to
the bar in I-sii7.
His "shiugle was hung out forthwith
at the dMr of a little office of his own
in Canton, and he waited patietitly for
clients. Days passed, aud a fortnight.
Then one day iu came his old precep
tor, Judge Gliddeu.
"McKinley," said he, "here are the
paiers in a case of mine. It comes up
to-morrow. I have got to iro out of
town, and I want you to take charge
of it for me."
.McKinley was nonplussed. lie de
clared that he could not do justice to
the case at so short a notice. "I never
have tried a single case yet, Judge,"
said he.
Well, begin on this one, then," was
the Judge's reply. And it was finally
settled that McKinley should do so. He
sjit up all night working on the case,
tried it the next day, and won it. A
few days later Judge (Hidden entered
his office and handed him $2. Me
Kiuley demurred at taking it.
"It is too much for one day's work,'
he said.
"Don't let that worry you," replied
I (Hidden, good naturedly.
"I charged
them $100 for the case, and I can
L-U
afford a quarter of it to you."
A year or two later McKinley found
himself pitted against John McSween
ey, then considered oue of the most
brilliant lawyers of the Ohio bar.
The case was a suit for damages for
malpractice, the plaintiff charging
that a surgeon had set his broken leg
in such a way as to make him bow
legged on that side. McKinley de
fended the surgeon. McSweeney
brought his client into court and had
the injured limb exposed to the view
of the jury. It certainly was very
crooked, aud the case looked bad for
the surgeon. McKinley had both his
eyes wide opeu, however, and fixed
them to good purpose upon the man's
other leg. As soon as the witness was
turned over to him, he asked that the
other leg should also be ImrexL The
plaintift aud McSweeney vigorously
objected, but the Judge ordered it
done. Then it appeared that this sec
ond leg was still more crooked than
that which the surgeon had set.
"My client seems to have done ls t
ter by this man than nature itself did,"
said McKinley, "and I move that the
suit be dismissed with a recommenda
tion to the plaintiff that he have the
other leg broken and then set by the
surgeon who set the first one."
It was almost inevitable that the ris-
J ing young lawyer should sooner or later
I get iuto politics. Already he was noted
VHOLE XO. 2344.
as a public speaker. His first speech
was made at the close of th war,
when he responded for himself and his
comrades at a public reception given
to then) on their return to 1'oUn.L In
Stark county, where he opened his
office, the outlook was jaior for a Re
publican. That was reckoned one of
the banner Democratic counties of the
state. S when McKinley was put
forward by his party for District Attor
ney, the nomination was regarded as
an empty honor. Perhaps that was
why it was given to so young and in-
exjierieneed a man. But, however,
the convention and the public consid
ered it, McKinley took it seriously.
He made a vigorous canvass of the
county and threw his whole heart Into
the work, just as though he expected
to I? elected. And to the amazement
of pretty much everybody else he was
elected. At the end of his two years'
term he was renominate!, and though
he was this time defeated, he kept his
opponent's majority down to only for
ty-live where this u-tu-il D -m mta tit-
majority had lieen several hundred.
This was the beginning of his jMilitical
career. The next step was toward and
to much higher things, but it was not
taken until after five years more hard
study and diligent practice at the bar.
V.
KEPUESKNTATIVE IN CONliKESS.
Tne year 1-S7U was not a promising
one for a buddiug Republican politi
cian. 1 wo years iierore trie party nau
suffered defeaL The Greenback here
sy was ravaging it here and there, and
generally it was in a somewhat demor
alize! condition. Nevertheless, Mc
Kinley chose this time to seek election
to Congress. He had stumped the
State for Hayes for Governor the pre
ceding pear, and had gained consider
able reputation as a public speaker
ami as a champion of the great Repul-
lican principles of Protection and
Honest Money. Still tne veteran poli
ticians shook their heads doubtfully
when he was announced as a candi-
late for the Republican nomination
for Congress. He carried the prima
ries in every township but one in
:ark county against two other candi
dates and was nominated by the con
vention on the first ballot, and then
was elected by a good majority.
The Democrats had sense enough to
recognize him as a man who would le
dangerous to their party if he were al
lowed to keep on in politics. So they
set about to leat him by foul means if
they could not by fair. Having con
trol of the legislature, they proceeded
to gerrynianderthe State, . so that
when McKinley sought re-election, he
found himself in a district normally
IVmocratie by at least l.smj. Nothing
daunted, he entered the campaign and
was successful by a majority of l.-'flK).
Then the former district lines were re
stored, and he was easily returned for
his third and fourth terms. The Dem
ocratic fears concerning him were now
realized. He was by this time one of
the leading Republicans in the House,
and one of those who were doing most
for the lasting supremacy of that party
and the lasting tiiscomnture oi me
Democrats. S getting possession of
the Ohio Legislature again in lss4,
they the second time gerrymandered
the State with the express purpose of
keeping McKinley at home. They
put him, as they thought, in a district
which would 1? surely Democratic by
from 1,2D0 to 1,-jOO. But a second time
their devices proved vain The people
of eastern Ohio knew aud appreciated
the statesman who had so well repre
sented them, and they re-elected him
for his fifth term by over 2,'HIO major
ity. Sixth aud seventh terms follow
ed as a matter of course. Then the
Buckeye State indulged iu another
Iiemocratie delwuch, and was a third
time made the victim of anti-McKin-ley
gerrymander. A niore outrageous
partitioning of a State for partisan
ends was never conceived, and by the
skin of their teeth the Democrats were
this time successful. They put Mc
Kinley into a district which had the
year tiefore given a Democratic plural
ity of 2.ii0. He accepted the chal
lenge, made a gallant fight, and was
defeated by only 302 votes. It is inter
esting to recall, iu view of this one de
feat, that McKinley hail been some
years before twitted iu Congress by
Mr. Springer, on having leen returned
ut the previous election by a somewhat
diminished majority. Mr. Springer
said: "Your constituents do not seem
to support you." McKiuley's reply is
worthy of all remembrance: "My
fidelity to my constituents," he said.
"is not measured by the support they
give me. I have convictions which I
would not surrender if 10,mi0 majority
had been entered against me."
VI.
THE MCKINLEY 111 LI..
To tell the story of McKinley's seven
terms would be to tell the history of
Congress aud the Nation for fourteen
years. From the Uginn ing he was an
active aud conspicuous member of the
House. He was an American, aud he
reckoned nothing that concerned
Americans to be unworthy of his no
tice. He recognized, however, that in
view of the vast development, exten
sion and multiplication of human in
terests there was little hope for success
as a universal genius. A man must be
a specialist if he would attain tin?
the greatest eminence and the greatest
usefulness. Already," indeed, he had
devoted his attention especially to the
subject of the tariff and its bearings
uisn American industry. The story
is to'd that soon after he opened his
law ollice at Canton, while he was yet
an untrained youth, he was drawn in
to a delte upon that subject. Pitted
against him was a trained, shrewd
and experienced lawyer, who had at
las tongue's end all the specious sophi
tries of free trade. The older andmore
expert debater won a seeming victory
but McKinley, though silenced for
time, was not convinced. "No one
will ever overcome me again in that
wav." he said to a companion. "I
know I am right and I know that
can prove it." Thenceforth the study
of books and men and conditions of
industry to attain that end was the
chief labor of his life.
Mr. Blaine, in his "Twenty Years in
Congress," made fitting mention of
this feature of nia younger colleague's
work. "The interests of h.,; constit-"
oeney, lie wnte, "and nbt own N-nt
of mind led him to study of in.lt ' .11
q'-.-.?ii?, and h was n recogniz-!
in the ll'Sise as one of the most thor
ough statisticians and one of the ablest
defender i of the doctrine of protec
tion."
For "on of the ablest" we may now
well write "Hie foremost." The Amer
ican system of protection lo American
ia. tii-try wxs foon.le.1 by Hamilton
and his -ll-aiies. It was formulated
and exiHiuudi-d by Clay. It was ad
vocated ls-fore the people by Greeley,
and championed In Cougresa for a full
generation by Judge Kelley. Mr.
Morrill gave it practical application
with marvelously good effect In fram
ing the tariff legislation made neces
sary by the war. But it was reserved
for William McKinley to bring the
system to its highest degree of perfec
tion, to proclaim it a permanent and
abiding principle, and to vindicate it
as such before the world.
The first spci-cll he made iu Congress
was on the suljist of tiie tariff, and
was in opposition to the non-protective
bill introduced by Fernando
Wood, of New York, in 1S7S. That
speech made a marked impression tip
on the House and the Nation, and
thenceforth its author was looked to in
every tariff debate to be one of the
chief upholders of protection. An in
cident related by Judge Kelly, in his
eulogy upon Dudley C. Haskell, shows
how effectively McKinley answered
this exriectation. It was when the
famous Mills bill was before the House.
Kelly was to open a debate on the
Republican side and McKinley was to
close it. Haskell, who was a member of
the Ways am! Means Committee, and
a articularly strong debater, de-ired
the honor of closing the debate, and
asked Judge Kelly to persuade McKiu
leytogive way to him. The Judge
went to McKinley and repeated Has
kell's request. McKinley readily con
sented, saying that he did not care iu
what order he sjsike. So it happened
that McKinley was the fourth or fifth
speaker and Haskell was to talk last.
At the conclusion of McKinley's
speech a number of the members
crowded around to congratulate him.
Foremost among them was Haskell,
who seized McKinley's hand enthu
siastically, exclaiming, "Major, I shall
speak last; but you, sir, have closed
the del-ate."
With such years of preparation Mc
Kinley was universally recognized as
the one man of all l-st qualified to
frame the new taritt law, which it
seemed desirable to enact when the
Republicans resumed full control of
the Government in lss:. II,; was aj
pointed chairman of the Ways an I
M-ans Committee, and presently gave
to the Nation the great m-'as'ire which
U-ars his n unc Of his work in con
nection with it he sjieaks modestly.
"I was chairman of the committee,"
h. says, "anil I jierrorinod my duties
Hs-licst I eoniil. That is all. Smie of
tiie strongest men in Congress were on
the committee, and the eight of us
heard everylssly, considered every
thing, and made up the UM tariff law
we knew how to frame." Envious
rivals and unscrup'i'o'.is fH's have
sought to U-littlc his fame by declaring
that it was not bis bill at all, that it
was really framed iy others, and that
his ciin-ctio!i iih it w as purely ac
cidental. To no intelligent reader of
the history of tiie time can it le ne-es-sary
to svud much sp.uv in refuting
that stupid iMluinny. McKinley was
the author and tini!ier of that bill.
I
le coi-rived its ' general principles.
He gave -imt lews davs and nights of
tii'ly and of toil to the cla!ration of
its details. Bv his unsurpassed leuder-
hip he secured its adoption by tl
House without resri;ng t' a pirty
caucus an unprecedented achieve
ment. He bore the brunt of the hos
ile criticism which was heajied upon
the law by the free traders of Great
Britain and their - o!sequiotis va-sa!s
here. To him, and t him alone, are
lue the honor and the fame which the
Is-tter judgment of the world has
awarded t the author of that historic
measure.
It is not needful in this place to en
ter into a detailed exposition of the
provisions and effects of the McKinley
ill. The Nation knows them. The
Nation knows that it took the tax
from some of the chief necessities of
ife; that it stimulated old industries
and called new ones of vast magnitude
nto pro-p.Toiis existence; that it great
ly extended, by a wise system of reci
procity, the foreign commerce of the
country; that it provided means for
conducting the Government and keeli
ng the financial credit of the Nation
uuimaircd. These are the facts now
almndantlv recognized U-voudall chal
lenge. We may quote as alsolutely true
the words spoken by Mr. McKinley
himself at the time when the measure
was repealed and the present IVnioerat
ic product of "jKTtidy and dishonor"
foisted in its place:
The law of KKI was enacted for the
Anierinin people and the American
home. Whatever mistakes were made
in it were all made in favor of the -
cipations and the h resides of the
nieru-ati jHsipie. It didn t take away
a single day s worK irom a solitary
American workingman. It gave work
:md wages to all, such as thev had
never had lcfore. It did it by cstalv
lishiug new and gr.-at industries in
this country, which increased the de
mand for the skill and handiwork; of
our lalsirers evervwhere. It had no
friends iu Europe. It gave their in
diistri"s iio stimulus. It gave no em
ployment to their lalsr at the expense
f our own.
I hiring more than two years of the
Administration of President Harrison,
and down to its end, it r.useii ail me
revenue ntsvssjirv to pav the v:ist ex
penditures of the Government, includ
ing the interesi on llie pMOlic ileot anu
the iH-nsioiis. It never encroached uj-
on the gold reserve, which in the least
had alwavs U-en sacredly preserved
for the redemption of outstanding 11
ikt obligations of the Government.
a. I, - -. t A
1 niring mi 01 its oiieraiions, uo 11 u
the change and reversal of its policy
v the election of Isiij n. man can as
sert that in the industries affected by it
wages were t o high, alt hough they were
higher thaiievcr In-fore in this or any
other country. If nnv such can W
found, I beg that tltey N named. I
challenge the enemies of the law of
1S! to name a single industry of that
kind. Further, I assert that iu the in
dustries affected by that law, which
that law fostered, no American con
sumer suffered by the increased cost of
any home products that he bought.
He never Usight them so low In-fore,
nor did he ever enjoy the In-nctit of so
much open, free home coinjn-tition.
Neither prmlucer nor consumer, em-
iloyer or employe, suffered by that
aw.
VII.
tiUVEKNOK OK OHIO.
At the election of 1j0, as we have
said, the IViuocrats by ahameless ger
rymandering defeated Mr. McKinley
by 3n0 votes In a district normally
Democratic by 2,'JOO, and thus prevent
ed his return to Congress. Great was
their glee at this. They thought they
had crushed their arch-enemy at last.
But they reckoned without the chief
factor iu the problem. The answer to
Continued on 4th pagt.