The Somerset Herald.
E1V.VAUD HCl'LU Editor nd rrirlPt.r.
W KPN lIA Y.
.April IT.
If you own oil or Texas rtwrs now is
a rvol time to sell out.
The next time the iVm-m-rat44 want
to iniiHwe an inco.u.2 tax, they would
lo well to employ a. lawyer.
Thkke i some talk, ly ertain Dein
oenttie jiolitieiaiis and journals of a
third term for Crover. Cuckoo! euck-
The next t-ampaijni for the IVpulili
.fa.ii nomination for I'ret-ident will le a
ooiitei-t among giants and bids fair to
lie lively.
Foi-R hundred daily newspapers are
..i.is.iw..i in th' eitv of Tokio. The
jiui'liruvu - - -
Japanese are a nsiding as well
Ja
as a
lighting peopie.
The Democrats can voiut
with
choulish glee to the fact that the ad
vance in beef will catch all those who
escaped the income tax.
The New York Tim' asserts that
$.l,OiK,(iO, has U-en sulscrilcd to pur-
h iseMcMinh'V neusp:uK-rs in uiiler-
... I: .,r tlt.r.
nt cities. The eaimwign mix u
Thii'xi getting in his work early.
THE fishing season has opened, and
an Eastern jounr.il says: "A Nantuck
et fisherman caught a oh'us.i four and
one-half feet long that weighed sixty
pounds." That will do as a startt-r.
The Coventor of Arkan:is, n f.-w
days since, walked into a hotel, spat in
the face of a legislator and then drew a
pistol on him. r.ystaiidcrs disarmed
him or he would have committed mur
der. As a specimen of SmUti-rii chiv
alry this "takes the cake."
IIy the death of (iovernor Man il, of
Delaware, the Shaker of the Senate
lK-i-oinesliOveriior and the Democrats
airain control the State. Thus the I!e-
puhlieatis lose the fruits of the victory
gained at the last ehi tion. 1 lie
islatun-, however, is IU publican.
Ieg-
Tiir revenues of the State, owing to
the depression of business for the past
two years, have fallen on so largely
that the most rigid economy is enforced
ujon the administration, and the Leg
islature will have to cut short the ap-
.ropriat ions. State Treasurer J ackson
says that with the money on hand and
the estimated revenue the appropria
tions for the next two years cannot cx
ved $20,0(I0.I1(. Two years ago they
xv.-rversiL(!lO.OOO. Willi a loss of
t2,t,0K) it is evident that a cut of at
least ten per cent Kmewhere is inev
itable, and the authorities are now cy
phering at the job. It is announced
from Harrisburg that a radical pruning
has Uvn agreed uj.o!i. Two years ago
VJiiHM w:ts added to the school ap
propriation for the purchase of free
text IxK.ks. These luniks having Uva
supplied to the whools, it is agnvd
that the H,,,,il aipropriateil two
years ago is not now needed and can
be stricken oil", without serious detri
ment to the cause of education. I5y
holding no Ilrigadccticampment of the
State Cuard this year jr',U'J can W
-saved. Appropriations for the jictia!
and charitable institutions of the State
can lie parol down, and id tout $4om,
tlius diminuated from the general
appropriations. There is no doubt that
there will lie some vigorous kicking
done against these and other cuts in
the general bills, but necessity is para
mount to generosity or to local good,
and there must lie a cessation, only
temporary we hope, to the ojien band
ed distribution of the revenues of the
State. The Commonwealth, however
reluctantly, must, like individuals,
'cut its coat according to its cloth."
What a lovely outcome of the in
come tax law the Supreme court lias
brought forth. The sublime wisdom
.f the Democratic Statesmen who con
ceived the idea of taxing the rich to
make up the revenue lost by the "Ilev-
aue reform bill'' now stands out as
glaring stupidity. The Ismd holders
and the large land owners, the Van
derbilts, the ioulds and the Astors es
eaie the lx, and those to whom they
have loaned money or rented property
have to pay ii. All any citizen lias to
do to cscajic the tax, is to invest his
money in National, State, county or
municipal lioiids, or in real estate and
he goes Scott free. Never ln-fore were
demagogues so thoroughly lion plussc!
:nd hoist by their own jietard.
Tin' decision of the Supreme Court
of the United States upon the income
tax is not received with favor in any
jiart of the country, or by any class of
citizens. The court was evenly divi.t
dividisl, in thealisence, through illness,
of Justice Jackson and stoo.1 four to
four, as to the constitutionality of the
law. Had it Uvn decided constitu
tional then- would of course lie a gen
eral acipuisence in the decision, but as
it stands, simply la-cause there was not
a majority in favor of it, but an ever
division of opinion among the Judge's
endless litigation is bound to follow
and wholesale evasions of the law will
In- made.
The dts-ision of the court in brief is
this. The tax on incomes derived from
real estate is unconstitutional, as is also
the tax on State, County and Muni
cipal londs. The rest of the law
stands liecause the court was evenly
divided upon it, four U-ing in favor of
its constitutionality. Why a tax on
income from real estate is unconstitu
tional, or why a fanner cannot be tax
h1 on the rent from his farms, and can
K on what is realized front lalmr on
his land, is inexplicable to plain jieo
p'.e. It is as much as to say that the
landlord is sacred and that only labor
an I taxed. As it is the employe
w ho receives a salary exceeding $4UiiU
must In- taxed two it cent uik.ii every
vnt above that sum, while the em
ployer of a Millionare land owner, or a
hliatcd landholder" can collect their
incomes from those sources aud snap
their fingers at the tax collector. The
Supreme court says this is la-, and the
ix-oplc will have to abide by it, or in
volve themselves in endes litigation
with the government Such a law is a
rowning disgrace to the jKirty now in
Hwer, and to the President who jier
initted it to lie placed upon the statute
i ..r VniWui Tbnt it will lie
IKIIhBI'i V ...... -
renealed as sKin as the Ilepublicans re- J
r-tin ttnwer i not to lie doubted, btt
'
durintrthe coming two years it wni '
have to lie submitted to unless, with a
full U-uch on the trial of some one of
th? thousands of cases that will be
l.rought to test some of its remaining
provisions, the court decides the entire
Jaw unconstitutional.
El
-Uflli
Centennial cf the Erection of Som
erset County.
A Primeval Forest Made Fertile Land by
Sturdy Yeomanry. Early Hiitorical
Data and Glimpsei of Pio
neer Life.
The lTth day of April (to-day) marks
an c-h in the history of Somerset nuiii
ty, for it is l he one hundredth aimivoary
of the day on w hich the act of assembly
creating the county lioimno a law.
At that time the territory now embrac
ed in the county of Somerset was a part of
Hertford county, which we may call our
mother county.
It was the settled policy oftho govern
ment of the Lord's proprietory (the
Peiins) not to exercise authority over any
of the territory embraced within the
province as granted by the King of ICng
land until alter the Indian title had first
been extinguished by treaty. Hence,
prior to the yisir 17s that part of Somerset
county lying east of the Allegheny moun
tain, and embracing five of its present
townships, formed a part of Cumberland
county, the mountain range named form
ing its western Imundary. l'y the treaty
of Ku Stan ix, near Koine, X. eon
cluded with the chiefs of the Six Nations,
the Indians ceded to the proprietory gov
ernment the lands l;et"ceii the Allegheny
mountain and the western boundary ,f
the province, and these lauds were for the
time l)eing a part of Cum'ocrlaad county.
Three years later Hertford county v. as
formed out of a part of Cumlic-riand county
and all of the present territory of our
county was embraced within its limits.
It is not known that the Indians ever
hart any settled residence anywhere w ith-
iu the county, though it may have served
as a hunting ground for thc-m, as is evi
denced by the number of Hint specr aud
arrow heads and stone hatchets which are
lounJ from time to time.
Indian trails traversed the county, over
one of which know n as "Nemaeolms
Path" it is almost certain that white
men first found their way into or thmngh
Somerset county, ilns Iran, nowevci.
touched only the south-west corner of the
county, where it passed through Addison
township for a few miles. It was made;
known to Col. Thomas Cresap, of ld
low n, Md., in IT.', by an old Indian
whose name it bears and the llrst open
ing through the wilderness of wliat is now
Souierst county was made o cr it in 1701
by no less a personage than tieorge Wash
ington, who opened a road along its line,
and over this road iener.d JSraddock
marched his army the following year.
In 17s the north of the county was
penetrated in a similar manner byie;i
ural l'orlies, who opened a road that pass
ed through Stoyestown, and which fr
many years was known as the 'Vireat
Koad."
It was over these tworoili-s that the first
settlers first found their way into this
county.
A l"rt was built near Sioyc.-town and a
garrison placed in it, but w hither an at
tempt at settlement was made is not
known. The precise date of the first set
tlement within the present limits t,f the
cwuiity is not known, neither is it known
to which section of the county this honor
may In-long. Hut it must have leen at
one of these four points: In Ixwcr
Turkey-foot, (the Jersey settlement); in
th ;hborluKMl of ImtHii, in jtrolhers
vaiiey township; or in Kik Lick; and jns
sil.iy there may have leeu some settle
ment in the vicinity of Stoyesiown, lie-
eauscof the security otli-red by the Kort
built there. It must have been in one of
the four localities named but which?
It has already been mentioned that the
proprietory government da! not exercise
any jurisdiction w hen the Indian title to
the lands had not been acquired an 1
the settlement had their sanction, and
that this did not take place until the fall
of lTiis, and that the Penns iid not open
their land olli-e for the sale of lauds in
the new purchase until April -, 17ii:i, yet
it is certain that there were settlers in this
territory prior to t lie eessii. n of the land
by the Indians. IVat how long In f. ire
that time is not known. They must have
found their way here atier the loss of Ft.
Iujii'iis by the French, which took
place on the :h of Xovcmlicr, 1T.V. So
longai the French and Indians held that
point there coul I le no safety for settlers
anywhere in this territory. The first
settlements were therefore made alter the
beginning of 1T.VI, and probably ne ir the
same time. The written "evidence ac
cessible that throws any light on the sul
ject is su'oslantially this: Tito Indians
(Six Nations) made complaint to the
Penns that their lands were Ix-ing tres
pussctl noon. This, however, more partie
uiitrly related to the settlements ma-.h; at
Jtedslone, Fayette county. The exti-nsion
of the Mason and liixon linein ITiiT shows
eoiwliisively that these settlements w ere
in the province of Pennsylvania and not in
irginia as was claimed. In response to
the claims of the Indians the Penns sent
a Commission, in March, l"!i", the head of
which was tho Hev. CapL John Steele, to
endeavor to have these trespassers rcuiov
el, they claiming title und.-r Virgiida.
From the r'Krt of the Commission :t is
learned that they proceeded t Cjinber-l.-nd
and passed over the "jlrad.!K-k
Itoad" to He.:sto:ie. Hetiiruing to Cam
lierland over the same road they made a
reiMirt of their mission to iovernor IVnn
from that ioint. From it we c.iiote the
following :
"On the .".1st of March, ilTS'i we came to
the i rent Crossings of the Yongheogheny,
anil Is-iiig iiiformel by one Specr llmt s
or in tamiiics livi?l at a place c tiled Tur
keyfool" we sent some prwlamations
lliiili.-r by said Specr. as we did to some
families nigh to the Crossings of l:n Lit
tle Yough, judging it wa unnecessary t
go among them."
This is c.inchisive as to the se!
in the Tnrkeyf' region as earlv
:!e;neiit
as lTio.
The locality or the settle 'ii .-:it referrel t
as Is-iug "nigh t: the Cr-issings of the
Little Yough" is mare un.-.trtaiu, iiat it
lM-ks very much as though it refers to a
settlement in F.Ik Hick township though
the Herliu settlement, if th.-re was s;i-h,
may have Ik-cii the one referred to hat
there arc good jmd suili.-ienl re;is ns f r
Ndieving the settlement was in Klk
Lick.
"The Liltie Crossings" are in the State
of Maryland, cr.wsing the river at a p tint
aimut five miles south of Salisbury. Now
the report reads "nigh the Cr-xsing of
the Little Yough," Ac., and the Herliu set
tlement would have been fully twenty
miles away, and ltesides is not near the
river at all, ami it is n it likely that the
Commission would have referred t any
thing at that distance as being "nigh the
Crossings."
As further evidence of the e:irly day at
which Klk Lick was first settled the fol
lowing is ottered: As already stated the
Indian trouble was quieted in the suc
ceeding fall by the treaty of Fi. St-mw ix,
and that the Penns opened their land
otlk-con April 3, 1T'2', and from an old
deed on record it is learned that one 'Wil
liam Sinclair, on lih April, lTin, t'mk
out a warrant for a survey f ir a tract of
laud w bicb lies in sight of Salisbury. No
bs-al tradition that we have ever heard of
makes him the first swttier by any means.
That honor has always been awarded to
John Markley.
Ve do not, however, wish to say that
the K!k Lick settlement antedates the
Herlin settlement that we do not know,
bat we believe it to 1-e as old and that it
was in ide Itctweeu 17V and !7;s, and
that Hie four points we have named have
lietwecn them tha earliest settlement of
the county.
It may here lie stated tint the Somerset
settlement was made alxMit the year lTTu
,. . . .. ., - - -
Herman Ilusltand. There were, how
and that the first permanent settler was
ever, four trappers w ho had camps here
.. II... 1...... I .t Tl,r-
-"-
Husliand arrived. 1 uev were
i Isaac Cox, Win. Sparks, John Pennnl
iand John Yansell. Cox's camp KiU on
the farm lately owned by John C. Harron;
, Sparks' camp was on the farm now- own
, ed by Andrew Coleman, long known as
the "Husband Homestead"; Peunxi and
t Vansell bad Ikeir carap on the old
N.-hrock farm, three miles cast of Somer-seU
A sapplementary report of Capt.
St.vle gives the names of the Tnrkeyfoot
s-ttlers, vis Henry Abrahams. Kwktel
lie Witt. James SjM-nser, F.enjainin Jen
nings, John Cvkt, K.ekiel Hickman,
John Knslow, Henry Knslow, and Hen-
jamin Pursley. Capt. Steele's mission
was a failure. The settlers were there to
stay and they did stay.
lledford was organized as a comity
under the act of March !, 1TTL 1U first
court was held in the month of April that
year. P.rothersvalley township was or
ganized April lo, 1771. It was the fiit
township to In-organized west of the Al
legheny mountain in the province of
Pennsylvania; its original limits com
prised all oftho territory lying between
the summit of the Allegheny mountain
and the Yougheogheny river aud western
foot of Laurel Hill, w hich was Its west
ern Kmndary, while it extended from the
Maryland line northward as far as the
Couemaugh river. Verily, our mother
township of BrothersvaJlcy was a princi
pality within herself, and richly hassiio
endowed all her children, for all of them
have ample territory.
Abraham Cable, commisssoned in Lei,
was the first Justice of the Peace of the
new township, and as such he must have
sw orn allegiance to King tieorge, for this
w-as before the Revolutionary War. Hut
he was really a Justice before that time,
for it is a matter of record (see Colonial
Records.) "A numix-r of Germans set
tled in the ilades of Stonyereek and
Yougheogeny made petition to the coun
cil of the province fur the apjiointnicnt of
a Justice of the Peace who would reside
in or near their settlement, their being
none nearer than thirty miles the Isiard
considering the said petition advised the
Governor to 'commissionate for that
purpose Mr. Abraham Kahle, who is
recommended as a man of property, rep
utation," tVc, and a special commission
was accordingly issued to Cable Nov. 21,
1771.
The first assessment for Rrothcrsvalley,
made in 1772, shows freeholding taxa
blcs, and f rty others who were probably
single freemen, as no lauds are assessed
against them. Fight or nine of these
were in the part that afterward liecamo
F.ik Lick township. These it! freehold
ers had iit acres of cleared land, an aver-
ijjc of only "J acres each, t if course they
are relumed as having larger tracts of
land, but this was thy number of acres
cleared. They had !": horses, PU cows.
There were also i slaves. Richard Iloug-
l.tnd had the largest amount of cleared
Lr.nl, 71 acres. Benjamin Jennings of the
Tnrkeyfoot settlement had .'a; acres and
John Rice had :ii acres. Many, however.
had but a single acre of cjctirud land.
This assessment shows the condition of
the settlements in Somerset county in
that day. Think of it ! otO acres ofclear
cd land out ol'7),n,k) acres that its area
c ivers. If space permitted K'i'ig the
i!.i:ni of these early pioneers many of
them wo;i! 1 iio reci.giii.cd as leing still
well known among our people.
Thi se early sealers sniVered many hard
ships and privations. Outside of the one
r.a-1 mentioned the- were confined to
bridle paths and pack-horse trails over
w hich all needed necessarios had to be
transported. Weil authenticated tradi
tion says that when flour was wanted the
pioneer settlers had to go to mill as far
away as Chamls-rsburg, Hagerstown,
M :1., and later to Cumberland ami Bed
ford, and that llour was really onu of the
luxuries of life. Much of the grain was
lsiied f-r f-Mid instead of Wing taken to
mill. The first mills in the county ap
pear to have been built in Brothersvaliey
settlement. It is alleged that the two
first mills were built by Jacob Fisher
and Si:.. -in stay. There was also a tub
mid o:i Flotigherty creek, near Meyers
dale, at alxmt the same periort.
The second township to lx f irmed was
Turkey foot. This was done in July, 1771.
Its original lM'.indarics were: "commen
cing w here the Chestnut Ridge (this must
mean the Xegro mountain) crosses the
Maryland line, thence along tiio summit
t i where it crosses the great road leading
from Bedford to Ft. Pitt, thence along
said road to where it crosses the Ijiicma
hoidi.g creek, thence down said creek to
its junction w ith Stonyereek, thence down
Stonyereek to the mouth of the Little
Coneuiaugh, thence down theCoiieiiiaugh
to where the line di iding Bedford from
Westmoreland is reached, thence along
said line until the provincial or Maryland
line is reached and thi-uce to place of be
ginning. lueni ahoning was the third township
org tniz'-d, in April, l..a. Its original
lsundaries run as follows: "Beginning
where the great road which is laid
through the glades cnssos the Allegheny
moa: tain near 1". ink's gap and along the
sai l road to w here it crosses Iiurel Iliil
at Matthias Pitch's gap, then along the
Laurel Hill by the Westmoreland county
line to the head of Little Couemaugh the
dividing ridge lstween the Susquehanna
and Little Couemaugh to the Allegheny
Mountain and bv the same mountain to
the place of In-ginning." (From this it
will be sc-en that a large part of the orig
inal township is now iuCanibria county.)
The fourth township erected was Mil-
ford about the year ITni, but the records
do not give either tlate or boundaries,
I'he same may said of Kik Lick town
ship, which was formed alsvat ITSo.
Stoneycroi k was erected into a town
ship a'xmt the year ll'sl, and lime in the
order named were the six first townships
formed out of our territory west of the
Allegheny mountains.
In the iiK-anuhilc the Revolutionary
Wit had come oa and, of coarse, it hail a
retarding effect on the growth of all these
infant settlements. A full company of
ri!l siiL-ii, under the command of Ciiiitain
afterward- C!.Rh'h trd Brown went olf
to the war; their departure weakened the
settlements greatly and hut feA- of them
ever returned. Then. t'o. the entire fron
tier was expired to th? danger of Indian
incursions and numb-.-rs of the settlers
abandoned their improvements, others.
however, remained. Bhs-k houses were
built at some places fer shelter in ease of
alarm.
There is well authenticated tradition that
there was one of these on the farm which
afterwards biiame the site of I'rsina
another known as the "Old Fort" near the
Ferncr farm, north of Somerset still
another on the farm of Col. Richard
Brown. The writer, however, does not
know the 1-x-uion of the farm.
There appear to hive leen two forts
within the pn-scnt limits of Brothersval
iey. The one on the Jos. Walker farm,
th 'other on the Nelson Walker farm.
Whether any traces of them still exist is
not known to the present writer.
There is alsi g tt I autlnrity fir saying
tint there was a block ho-.ise on the Selh
Wcgley larm. Then there was the fort
already mentionert that was built a short
distant north-east of Stoyestown at the
time the Forbes roa.l was opened, in 17.VS,
and there was still another near the sum
mit of the Allegheny. In these forts and
block houses the people were ac.-ust lined
to resiirt for shelter at such tint:' as the
Indian signs were g.id, yet w hile mur-'
ders an I oth jr d.'pre.latiorn farther e tst
were committed by the Indians, we know
of but two in our territory. These were a
man and ly at dilferent times in the
neighborhood of Stoyestown; also a party
gffive Indians attempted to rapture
James Wells q:i the farm now known as
the "old Bi-rmison place," in Jcnner towu
ship. They wanted to take him alive to
revenge themselves for some injury re
ceived at his hands by torturing him.
Failing to rapture him they fired on him
and woanJc I him, but he eci:ed.
There werj other whites in the same
field with him, but, in their anxiety to
capture Wells they permitted all others
to escape. The behavior of the Indians
at the tim? was inexplicable failing to
secure th Mr m m they struck o.T toward
the west, traveling all day an 1 nearly all
the night finally camping. A Unit day
light they were surprised and fired on,
when three of their manlier were killed.
In lspj an ol 1 warrior on tU3 Delaware '
Reservation, near Kas Kas Kin, III., met
a son of Herman Husband there, and,
learning tb t he was from this part of the
country, made inquiry aa to w bother they
had injured Wells and told him the reas
on of the raid.
While Somerset county's share in the
whiskey insurrection in lTt'5 was not so
active as was that of the people farther
west, yet the cause had plenty of sympa
thy. While Herman Husband and Robert
Philson were the only two persons to lie
arrested by the Federal authorities, quite
a number of other persons were arrested
by the State authorities and held for trial
at Bediord, and were afterwards fined in
sums ranging from fiveshillings to fifteen
pounds.
lid space permit we might give many
incidents, etc., of this period. After tho
close of the Revolutionary War there was
a rapid influx of settlers, and it soon ap
peared that tho distance to Bed
ford, tho county seat, was a groat incon
venience to th 'wople, and there arose a
feeling and desire for a new comity, and
finally the saino having been petitioned
for, tho legislature granted tho wishes
of the people by passing a bill providing
for the formation of a new county, which,
being approved, became a law on the 17th
of April, 1'Xk
ItS first section reads:
"That all that part of Bedford county
lying and lieing westward of a line drawn
along the top of the Allegheny mountain
from where the Maryland line crosseth
the same to where thelineof Huntingdon
county crosseth the same mountain shall
be and the same Is hereby declared to be
erected into a county, henceforth to bo
called Somerset," The second section
provided that the courts should Iks held
at Brunerstown until a court house and
jail could lie erected.
The governor was authoriztsl to appoint
five commissioners not residing in the
new county to view and select tho nnxtt
eligible and proper situation for the erec
tion of the public buildings for the coun
ty. He appointed William Finillay, John
Badolet, James Chambers and Thomas
Camplicil, commissioners. A. J. I'allas
was secretary to the commissioners.
The honor of being the county scat was
contested by Brunerstown and Berlin.
The commissioners, on 12th of Soptemlier,
rcjiorted to the Secretary of the Common
wealth, as follows:
St jiMKCsKT Town i formerly rallcil
IlKl'SNKKSToWN ) Si-pIeiiitK-rl 17;i.
Kik:
We, the tindersisii'-it commissioner, ap
ooiiit.d tiy His Kii -.-ilrncy, Tiioums .Mil'bi!,
Ks.! iovernor of the Slate of IViiiisylvnuia,
re alile to an ic-t of the Ki-ncr.il nsscm'.iiy
ptssetl April 17, 17:i, have vtcwiil tin- county
of .summer-"-! utid tnkt'1 the centre mid ot!i
rr iiiijNrtai-.t circu instances under view
! unanimously lix on the town of Suinincr
et, called Unniiiersiowii, as a proper place
for the S.-5IS of Jusuet-of said county. Ywurc
sir yours truly Ac
WILLIAM HNIH.AY,
JolIN llAlml.KT,
JAMK-s t HAM UK its,
A.J. IAI.I.s. THOMAS CA.Ml 'KKi.U
Secretary.
fin the same, day the town of Somerset
was plotted or perhaps it might as well
lie said re-plott.td. Adam Schneider, one
of the proprietors, donated tho spiare
now occupied by the court house and
jail.
It goes without saying the people of
Berlin were greatly disappointed over this
conclusion of the commissioners. Some
even going so far a to insinuate that the
handsome tmtnner in which the Brun
nerstown folks had dined and w ined the
commissioners had a good bit to do w ith
their final decision.
Oovernor Mioliu appointed Abraham
Cable, of Brothersvaliey, Kitcnesor f'rif
tith, of Klk Lick, and James Wells, as
Associate Judges and Josiah F.spy, Pro
thcuiotary, Register A Recorder and Clerk
of the Courts.
Tiie firs', term of the court wase onven-
cd on Monday, i'lth day of Ie.-e!iiler,
IT'.ia. Hon. Alexander Addison, Presi-
dent Judge of the "rfh district, presided,
and continued to do s-i until lsita. It is
not known where the first session of the
court w as held, but in lsii court was hel l
up stairs in a house owned by Adam
Schneider (It wason the lot where Parkers'
store now is.) The other otlh-ers were.
Sheriff, Thomas Kennedy; Commission
er John Fletcher, John R-ad and John
Leech, with Abraham Morrison as Clerk;
County Treasurer, Joseph F.spy; aud Cor
oner, 1 lav id King.
The county commissioners held their
first meeting on :;;h of October, 17:"i.
They appointed llavid Wright, ofiiite
mahotiing, John Hcndri-ks, of Klk Lick,
John Nick to, f Tnrkeyfoot, Jam's
Black, of Stonyereek, and John ironer,
of Bruthorsvailey, as Assessors. The
county was thus fully org ini.ed.
On March It, lsnfi, an act was passed di
recting: that all that part of Bedford coun
ty in Londonderry township, lying west
ward of the top of Liltie. Allegheny
mountain aud from the break of the
mountain in a straight lino to the breast
works where tho original lino would be
intersected, should be annexed to Somer
set c unity. This territory embraces the
present townships of Southampton,
Northampton, lireenville, Allegheny,
larmier and Fairhopo.
Byact of 2 Uti of March, !sn, Cambria
county was formed, and Cumbria town
ship, which h id been formed in 1T!)., was
made a part of Cambria county and Som
erset county was red need to its present
limits.
As the comity began to lie settled roads
had to belaid out and established, of
course the Forties road, made in ITVi, was
the first and for a i time the only one
that traversed tho entire county from east
to west, for tho Brad 1 ek road only
touched tho s.iuth-wost corner of tho
ciunty, although it passed for many
miles of its length within a couple of
miles of tho southern lmrder ot the coun
ty. It is probable that tha first rial to
pass through anything near tho centre of
the county was the old Cmulierland road;
it was made at a very early day, and
there was alsri a gl road, for the times,
from Bedford, long prior to 11). These
roads, however, were in time superseded
by turnpikes. The Somerset V" Bedford
turnpike was chartered in lsls. The Som
erset ,V Mt, Pleasant turnpike abmt tho
same time, while tin; Stoyesiown tV.
Greensburg turnpike is of an earlier
date.
There ran be no doubt but that Jeneral
Washington himself was familiar with
Somerset county. He had been in it
when tho Rraddock road was made. Ho
w-as also with General Forhas' column
when it passed over the "great niad" in the
north in 17."S. He afterwards had exten
sive interests in lands west of the moun
tains, and was deeply interested in the
means of communication lx-tween tide
water in the cast and the head waters of
the Ohio in the west, and had looked over
the entire fiehL
Railroads were then unknown and to his
vision thesolution of the problem was a
water way lx-tween the east ami the west.
and it is to lie believed that he found it
through Somerset county. That is that
a feasible line for a canal might lie locat
ed. It is understood that he was one of
the early promoters of the Chesapeake
and Ohio canal, which at a later day
was complete. 1 as far as Cumberland,
Md. It was never iotended that the work
should stop there. It was to lie carried
to the Ohio river, and the writer believes
that he is within the Inlands of truth in
saying that ifthis work had ever been
pushed to completion it would have lieon
through S imerset c c.inty and that in ire
or les surveys bsiking to that end had
lieen made and it was so understood.
Tho writer, at one time possessed a map
that showed its continuation through
Somerset ctntnty and following the pres
ent line of the B. A O. Rail road. But the
introduction of steam and railroads
put such plans aside ami they, and not
water ways were destined t- lj our
me ins of e itnmtinicatioii with the inter
world, and even these were a long time
coming. .
In the early days enterprises of that
k'n 1 generally moved slow and there were
usually as many delays as the law is said
to have.
Oar first railroad, tho Pittsburgh ,V
Conne'dsville, was c imph't.; 1 in lsjj.
Benjamin Latrolie, was tha chief engin
eer. He was then a gray-headed man.
with bat a few years of life before him.
yet he had as a young man Made the sur
veys nearly or quite forty years la-fore.
After the formation of the county, its
growth was uot so rapid as oue w ould have
supposed. This is to lie attributed in
part to tho fact that erroneous ideas
must have gone abroad cs to tho nature
of our soil and climate and the tide of im
migration passed on to more attractive
lands further west. The county is com
posed of high land, and it w as tho im
pression among many that our climate
was tiocold and our summers too short to
raise corn, anil our land generally too wet
for wheat, ami that oats and rye wcro
a'Hitit tho only grain we could raise, and
this was alielief that existed as late as
lMO, or even later. How erroneous it
w as, let some statist ic-s show that w ill bo
given further on. Our early settlers were
largely of German origin, in some of tho
settlements they greatly predominated,
stiU'.in others there was a largo Knglish
speaking element.
In Ism, the population was W,l.s; in
ism. 11.2s'; in lsj) it wasH,wO; in isrin,
17.711; in ism, l'l.C'iO, in Isoo, i:t,4H5 ; in lsjio
2rt,21l; ISTd, 2s,27ii; in Isnt :ii,llO; in 1".
37, .'I l.
In lsan, there were in the entire county,
1)m,HJ4 acres of improved land. We
w ill also give some census figures for that
year, also the figures for lsss.
1M
No. htitfhcl wheat -
" Kve.
" " lorn
" " llariev
" " Oats..".
44 44 Ituekwlii-al..
44 " i1k-i
W,l:5
'.tt.'.Oi
at,i"i
, VI
171 -II.'
:.ms
.1 '.:
try, mo
fti'4
.,7 1
17.410
7'l.'.7l
loloi
a.'l,s7S
B s of Putter
:.Jd
'.ins ..f Hmv . "i-.t.-J M.24
n-s of Maple HaK-.tr !t7a.!'7s &Mi;i
Horses . li.S'J ll.-t-T
I'olts t,7.-..7.' i,77
Miccjt . . S,.ll i,i)Kt
Srt inc ll,5 I7.ti-J
Iiueliiims ;''"
ltarllsMlil Sul)les kl4
Kvidontly it is licing found out that our
county ran produce other crops than oat",
rye and jiotatoes.
TIIK l-'Olt.MATIOX OF TIIK TOWNsllII'S
The names of the six townships that ex
isted when the county was formed, have
already been given since its organization
other townships have lieen formed as fol
lows: Somerset township, in 17:i, from
t'ui-tna'ioning and Mill'ord; Addison from
Tuikeyf.iot in lsil. It was named after the
President Judge, w ho held the first i-otirt
in the county.
tYiiiemaugh was formed from a part of
(jucmahoning, at tho February term in
istil.
The territory r.nncxed from Bedford
county, in l'sK), was formed into a town
ship in 1SH anil called Southampton.
Allegheny was formed on lith of May lsn.".;
Jc utter in lsll ; Greenville, out of part of
Southampton, in 1M t.
Sha-le was erected alKitit 1'M; Paint
alsmt ls'ii", and Summit w as f ii-iikh! out
of parts of Brit!ieisv-a'l -y and K!k Lick
in ls2; Jellersjn lK-c.i:ne a township in
ls-7.
I'pper and Iiwer TurkeyCsit were
formed by the division of old TurkeyPiot
in lsis,
Northampton became a township in
1S.V2, it w-as a part of Southampton.
Midillecreek wa created atvnship,
aliout ls.V; and firincr in ls.7.
Lincoln in I S:a from Stunerset ; tgle was
formed from the '"astern part of Paint in
l-siand Black was taken from Milford
a few years Ik-fore.
Fair Hope the youngest on the list w ;ik
formed in ls'ii.
Tho boroughs were ineorporato.1 as fol
lows SunVr-ct
lleriin
Stityestown
Ni-iv Ontervillc.
'e!lets.!airg
s aiisiaio
e-yerMialt-
lisina
I 'oiiil-r-n.-e
Xeu- l;:..l!iTiiore...
Its-k -tiMl
J.-iiiieriou'ii
i -.-s-' man
!:.;.
, K;.
Kt.
IS. 7.
, Is i:'.
Is7i.
. ls7J.
i7l.
IsTl.
ss,
. 17...
1S.1
Is :i
lse.'
s.. in- r.a id
Hells. ,t
Clevsr Hold-u? Wiat $16,000.
Cisil-l'l.K Ckkkk, Col., April 11. Two
bandits waylaid, two inih-s from this city
tii-slay, the mail and oxpresa v.ag. n
which conneew with the Midland rail
road at Grassy, overpowered driver Rob
ert Smith, secured an express package
containing li,nnn and escaped on horse
back. The hold-up tork phuse on the summit
of Tenderfoot Hill on the highway. The
mail and express wagon draw n by horse
driven by Messenger Robert Smith, w:s
on the way to Cripple Creek w ith the
mails and express matter, reccivisl at
Grassy on the morning train from Ieiirr
and Colorado Springs.
Two men sitting lsside of the road ac
costed Smith, asking him for a ride. He
drew up his team. One of the men
climbed up to the seat liesido him, while
the other mounted the baggage Ix-hic!.
As soon as Smith started the man behind
-truck him on the head several times
with a revolver. The blow staggered
but iliil ml suii him.
The man on tho seat with him p.lso
drew a icvolver, and, leveling it at hm,
commanded him to get down, walk to
the heads of the horses un,l hold their
bridles. He complied, and w bile he w as
covcris! with their guns they ripped open
and ritleil the mail ami express pouches.
After securing sltiiMl, w hich were lic
ing shipped to the Cripple national banks,
and several other valuable packages,
they unhitched the two leading horses.
mounted them and rode olf re.piilly into
the mountains.
Smith, who was weak ami bleeding
profusely. dnvo into the city as quickly
as possible. When he drew up in front
of the Fargo Kxpress olllee he fainted
and fell from his seat.
A Pataotic Court Scene.
l'lTrsnrn.i, Pa., April 10. Among the
thousands who cheered w hen Robert K.
Lee handed his sword to General Grunt,
thirty years ago yesterday, were Briga
dier General Frederick H. Collier and
llavid Buchanan. Collier had recruited
the Thirty-ninth Pennsylvania regiment
and Buchanan was one of his ticst men.
The two never saw each other from Ap
pomattox day until to-day, w lit n Buchan
an wi's arraigned Is-fore Coliier, now a
judgoonthc 1k-u-Ii here, for stabbing a
man. Judge and prisoner recognized
each other simultaneously. Buchanan
shamefacedly pleaded guilty, w hile the
venerable jurist was visibly agitated,
Buchanan will lie sentenced Saturday,
hut his old commander w ill have another
judge officiate.
No need to suiter with rheumatism
lumbago, neuralgia, cramps or colic. Ir.
Thomas' Kclectrie oil cures all such
troubles, and docs it quickly. .
Gctf Pay for His Potatoes.
An opinion atteeting all carrying com
panies, was recently handed down by
Jtistii-e John I lean, of the Supreme court.
It is in the rase of George Rupcl against
the Allegheny Valley Railroad company.
Ruppcl, a commission merchant, shipped
l'H liarrels of MitatHsi from Pittsburg
to Buffalo and prepaid freight charges
of$117.r7. The potatoes rotted in transit,
and were unsalable in Buffalo. He sued
to recover ami gained a verdict of flaO,
the value of the potatoes at Buffalo, with
a return of the freight paid. The com
pany apieahsl, claiming it was not re
sponsible for the damage.
Kiippci's bill of lading contained a
stipulation that the amount of any loss
or damage should lie computed at tin
value of the potatoes at the place ami time
of shipment, unless a lower value hail
lieen agreed upon. Justice Ik-an decid-s
that a railroad company is liound to
provide cars reasonably lit for the con
veyance of good it undertakes to carry.
He says a carrier raiiuot by contract, in
this State, limit his liability in a rase of
negligence. The defendant averred its
line ended at Oil City, but the rart held
that as the hill of lading stipulated no
intermediate stopping, anil as the freight
was prepaid to Btilfalo, the company
could not now claim its liability ended at
Oil City. He allirmed the judgment.
This decision means tnat all carrying
companies can lie held responsible for
the value of goods at point of destination
instead of shipment, as stipulated in
contracts.
The lieneficient influences of the new ly
cut pine are condensed and refined in Ir.
Wood's Norway Pine Syrup, nature's
own remedy for coughs ond colds.
UACKAt'IIK VICTI.MS.
Aa Atlejhi-ST W.imnti fir-t ful for a
Kciuui k al.- lui.
Iir.U!-: are bun
dled of women
i:i V. cstcrn Penn
sylvania who find
it importable to
4 . . i..
do even me u;:'
tst hou ;c - work
without suffering
excruciating pain.
Thrre is a dull.
J SM, .. dragging nche in
P? .f7 ' the small of the
fe'g.jU Hg back, the limb
?5'U:1 r,, thouah
they would drop ofT, head ach.-s, and the
atoiiiache is atmost constantly out of
order. They wonder and wonder wh.it
is the matter with them, and about me
........ ici tl,L..r tlwv think of is the real
cause of all the trouble the kidneys
There a not Uic sngnu-w teiuoi .iriui
it, if kidney trouble. These delicate
lotfn f.lleri rf the blood Vtl out f Otilcr
ami refuse to take the poisonous matter
out ot Uie moon, i uscase is sure 10 lesun.
Pohu's Kiilney Pills will regulate the
Lidnev. easily, quickly, never-failingly
Mrs'. Marvll. Devlin, of 75 Perry str.-ct,
Ah'eglfc-ny, " sulfcn-d tortures from kid
Bey disease for seven years 14 There
was a weakness and a . dull, heavy
pain across the fcniall of my back," she
said in speaking of it. 44 M v phvs-.cian
but could't cure it.
an-1 it got worse and wors -, until I could
not get anoul at an. ine poison i:i my
blood brought on rheumatism. My itttn
was rmch affected. I couldn't stand
-in f:iet vroR cttfrlr miserable. I
yot a I vox of Iran's Kidii'V Pill ami
within a lew wee us was enuri.y win.
Since then I have bad no la!u w hatever,
end feel that I am perfectly cured."
You can get Doan's Kiilney Pills at
-t,r ,Inn'..ij's nt rn rents a box. or they
will be sent postpaid on receipt of price
by Foster-Miibura Co., soie agents, Buf
falo, N. .
rs.A.LUr
IJaving comjiloteil the repairs and
tlie chlargujut'iit of
My : :
Store . .
by annexing tic adjoining room?,
formerly occupied ly Jfr. Frank
Sliivlcr, I am now fitting it up
with
NEW GOODS
and will be able to innch bitter
serve my friends than heretofore.
: My Stock :
: will comprise :
: : a complete : :
Dry Goods Store,
A complete - - -
FUllXKMIXO
GOODS STORE
Aud a complete - -
MILLIXERV
STORE. - - -
Ladies' and Children's
WRAP
AND
Children's Outfit
A specialty.
Mrs.
A. E. UHL
' I Til want a
YlLiif'" u "'" !i
Choice Line
if Nursery Murk. Wei-iiimit luaUc yiitl rich
ill a uiiiutli but can ;-ivr rmi steady employ
ment uikI will pay jou welt Or it. mr -:i.i-s
i-.irni"i;i! Willi tin-tiiiii. Write fir trn.iM
nuil trrritiiry to
THE HAWKS NURSERY CO ,
Rochester. N. Y.
The
Warm
Sun.
Throws a jew light on an oM
subject HATS. Lots of men
don't realize that they arc
wearing a shabby one until
they come in contact with men
who arc wearing new one?.
The lcw blocks arc now on
pale at
Jonas L Baer,
-The Hustler."
617 Main Cross SL, - SUM KkNKT, IA.
mm
Shaver
has '
Them.
THE NEW STYLES IN SHOES.
. . Novelties in . .
EASTER . . .
GOODS.
CXFORDS, TANS,
PATENT LEATHERS, Etc.
XT 0 matter what may be said
febout Footwear, my line
invite your attention, bein?
baseil upon tlie tread of com
fort, with ipialitiiM h'vsh anl
prices low, and Ul'-TO-DATE
STYLES.
A very nice line of Ladies' '!i0C3
in all Styles at .' ' -.
1 1 SMM
(Successor to Eruvef It Good.'
703 MAIN CROSS ST.,
Somerset, - - Pa.
b:
&
A . .
Difference,
An-l n lii titl"'rri'- in ynnr 'isli
:u-.nii!it it" tin-yi-.irly I!iyinr h-: I n
t i.it-n? j.i'iii-i-.Msi v m i- il tt .r s.::ii"
'ilirl:ilc M ill iiiily Ml-j'i-t iiiv.- tiua'i-'U
iiinl -i-iniii8-i "I of our iih-'Ii-h's. tji.'s
nuil jiricrs, w it Ii ymi r.m iio
win it: S; ml for siiuplr- of tin-1-'.!' -in
: w. w liirh viil uivf stu i ! :i
lln'l:i:liy
Dress Gaous L Sultino Values.
if 1-ii'-iu n :-.ii.l lriv;l worth. Tin- n -w -s-i
lu.ist stylish au-1 i-r t t" l- ' sa
ko!i: Now Covert TwcrJ3
l limn ami il..rk -!ia I.-s-M liillVn-iit
i-o.iriii-i just tin- e .is f.ir !rii i!s-.i,-Uiilor-niu-le
suits, )-i!i'-o--H w i !-, 7"h- a
yani.
iJn at varirty in New nii'I r!ioi-o Suii
iti'jx Auierii-au : ct ;r, irr -iil:iri !.iv
tlirr.i!-iiii;:l i-ii'-i-Us. n.-;;t i:r:ur- i"
tiitii-rctil linos 4 to s ,s ,;. .r i:i : ! .! -i:.t i' I: -in
t-.-irli i;m' at l- as .ii!iTi::it styo--i
:iJt wmil, .-iti-.l .-ilk u:iil wool f'.ii! y :r i
ii!-, ."i-in h-., - - -" a yar l.
Jl-iiii ii all wool I l..i r.uvy an 1 iirali
Mortt-n, 'Jl-iiii-in-s iiK', .'" it-t.ts.
All wimiI IiiiiMirfsl lil.i.-k fnr.-u, 1
iiir!ii-s wi'i. a vanl.
:;s' inrii iiiiN.tti:.l Mai-U an 1 i!r::i Wi
Moi i . n a ;. -an!.
Crepon Popularity
ti-vt ii on tlio v:iii r.n.'i sin j.assiii
auvtioi'i Vi-t sli-i,.;! tills xo.is.-n air
tlirso "i il:-.-t from I'r.' is'" I'.l.!.-:: 'iO-loi:-;
at f.iiti-s i.u", -S.-n -i..""' s..i
a yupl.
Suiting Crepcns.
Mr!ii-.m riuli:. iulln-tii w M uii-'as-c
wravr ii liiii'-Triil roior m:turt-
iiirlii - w i'io, V- a y.ir-l.
Black Crcpons
to ?..!
i tive a wiooaiiil i-iii-i'-c r-.niKo for srlm -tion.
A Mail Order Department
rta!y to si-tve your sliulitcst onlrr.
t'oioc. or writr i:s, living In-ii:i itioii .f
'.is ilrs'irisl Saiiinli-s aiil i'alaloj'ui
w i-t l-'Kin-".
B0GGS & BUHL,
Allegheny, Pa.
: TO :
: THE TRADE :
ovn STOCK ( F
has been selected with unusual
care, and at lower co.st than for
mer yerus. W'c are therefore
aide to offer, not only the very
hett goodi on tli2 market, but
can ittiole lower juices t!:aa
heretofore.
We Rarely Lose
a Customer,
as vc aim in all cases to give the
Customer
FULL VALUE FOR HIS
MONEY.
C. H.
mn
635 Main Cross Street,
Somerset,
Pa.
SALESMEN
WANTED
T wl! tVtmyivanin-crown Nursry sik k,
tiirh is Uic Best in th world. AU Hit iu w
n-i:iMU-s, its v :i ut Hit 'taiutnn) variflli-sttf
1 ruit uml Orimiiiie'iital Tat, Shrul, Itatr-i-M,
rtr. A flntiati.l ftirnUlul ni all lmv liii!f
ox iMn fmi'i. ran llvr .Mmtly viitiloym iitT
Writf for ivrms statin:? ai;.
HOOPES BRO. & THOMA"5,
Miple Afnj; Kyrs;ries, - Wjet thfster Pa.
STEEL ROOFING
and SIDING.
(Socendorph Fatrnt.)
Lightning, Fin and Siorm Proof.
fnj Air I Th Pf Traa Raaflnc nu4 Cmr
CKlakvilC I IUI( I . l.t.l. I. I'ilila., I'll.,
W prlcaf. I tSwIc Jllr.
WE HAVE NO AGENTS
not snip irora our mow; w
wliolcaul pnem onip mnjr-
vbfre fer examination : pay
frelnt both ways if M Ball-
nctunr. iw aiyira oi
t'arrliucvs. txmjrkwof
llarnrM. frtui 4ct&
flT 1 1 -paK CMlMM"''
BLIHlKT (llaiM-K 4P
KlkttM Ilk t
FURNITURE
uurn
t-ii't 933. w. rnu, h iumh, i
SUGAK MAKERS SUPPLIES
WE CARRY A LARGE STOCK OF
WE HANDLE THE CEST
Maple
-:-P. A.
Main Cross Street,
Great inducements
Goods reduced in price in every jrf
Dry Goods, Carpets, Oil Cloths, I ace Curtain;'
Ladies' Coats, c. Xow is the time to buv to
save money and ct something: irood.
:-JAME5
CLINTON STREET.
YOU
AND YOUa
. . . FRIENDS
Wlm arc int'Ti-ti -l In prnd Imiii ki---;iiiifc
.-It ni l -x:!iiiiii tin- 'imli-ri'!!:i ititiij;! s
lii-i'ire V!;i Imy; ttn-y cinLiin :ti; tin; i;it--it
i!ii;r . n.i'ii,-', are 'i"'! bakers. ;mi
jn rri ' l r'ia:-i-rs, ami an- vit:i tlial
uiiili r.-ti'ii.iii. M.ii!.' i i a!! stvi-s l
sii-s :-i jn;i-t i vi ry rn';ii-i ii.i-nt. liiiick
t'i ai-t :l-v t-i ia!.o.
THEIR CLEANLINESS LESSENS UBGR
THEIR ECONOMY SAVES KGNEY.
JAMES B. HOLDEUBAmr, Somerset, Pa.
N lii:r:t; Imtiil, :ili'l ". ln ii yi-ii urv r. ;-.!v t-i : n-. y -f.T u: :'i . fl';
: : : for.-i-t mir : : :
CURTAIN" STPiETCIIER.
You "in do up v.nir tiirt.-uii tn 5-. 5;:t as v t 'A as m-.v i:-,i s. v. , - .
taii.s v.!l prrl,.!;.s nut sta::il ashing. :.n't wurry airfint tin i.
tlic.n trtim i;s mi ri-it ri:iti'.". it will tu t r.ay yi-ti ti wi rry al i iit
W e il.i ii"i riniiiiiiK'ini y i t.i I uy t'lf nr ifr:i.!f. i i:t iri-m
ITi t a ry nii-e i-iirlai:i. Wo s!,-ivv miiiw e..i ; ;;i-nal jjk.i1 ta!i;i
.ii. ! uiu an!.
Y'i iil want n X'-w I'r' ss Sir Ka-tcr. We .-Ii. w a iar'-
;.h! , i "I ii iil !iir.';;ii anil li.ni.- s! : i f i : :
I'.'i i::ar i hhis llii-. --.t"ii mi ni to in?
R;ac'y mado Suiis fcr $3.50 and
and
JOHN STENGER, - -
MERCANTILE AFPRAIsEMENT
Dealers in Merchandise
Somerset CounLv, Pa.
TAKE NOTICE -That
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l.ixi-s liir S.UM1 (sunny has pr-iM.rtl a iiat of
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Syrup Cans Sap Buckets s
Sp-juts, Gathering Bap
Sugar Pans, Eta, at reck be
torn prices for cash.
Evaporator oa the m
kct at less than half the pr;
"asked for some others, it
"pay you to gt our prices w
. uc-.e
buying.
SCHELLY
CMEasET.n
QUINiN,
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TAKE NOTICE-V 'i;-'.;.;,!
ll !l1,.:...r.,s..,. .-ill. tliat "". ;' r - '
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