JUL
1
Somerset Herald.
EST3UiHED tS27.
cVzxs ot iublication
f-fiti tnsJ vlasaT rnoraSnf; at C
--pvoo wtU iinatnaad tnttl aj
vt.ec ibscrlben dc not ta got thi
fceia i.poxistble toe Mm niacrtp-
ranxrriEt' ftoa on postoato to an-
dpfsasntoaes. Address .
XkB SotCZBttR Hmin
V poaxaorr. Pa.
-,.?yty M. ir.r.i.i-r. i
- r f T
II aTTORN EY-AT La
A bKAAtR. Pa.
.. . i Koaoei. ESQ.
(itWJ '
. r HOLBERT.
A a TTVk.NET-AT LAW.
, aosteriet, Fn.
.iti John H. Cut
r, TV. F.IKS ECKEK,
V- ATTuh-VT-AT-LAW,
A lsomerse, Pa.
s. -luna- House Bow, opposit. Court
R. SCULL.
.' a TTLK K Y -A T-LA W,
v.
rsnccrsct. Pa.
eoaaerset. Pa.
v s T M-LEY.
H AlTuiOi ET-AT-LAW,
somerset. Fa.
HLBALR,
Ai roK-NET-AT-LAW.
cuiacrset. Pa.,
1 sr. '- somen and Aijoiniii eoun--J..;1
ttiiraeted to aun wui r.-ue
f .c -;:i.:ou.
"YjiTA'.TH. H.KCTTBL.
v lt K'-'TH A EUPPEL.
I Al K'K.SfcYa-Al-LAW.
v rw-tiw-rset. Pa.
, - e:rjj.-3 to their cAie (ill l
- -.. .. . .... ... . ...
j rtrvtt. oi
UUX AtAUUliUlit Butca,
klXJSTZ,
A IlOivN 1 1 -AT-LA W.
auAiKrset, Pa.,
, T i t.ui iiLus avj , upueiu; Ut Cnirt
J
iL0. KIM MEL,
soiui-net, Pa..
J
l. rruii.
A ri vivN t Y-AT-LA W ,
&jiaersrt. Pa.
A 'aji Nrtvt. BiAdr. taum
C.K.-S. -L. C COLBOEJ.
UXjilS 4C0LB0EN,
AI1Jl0.i.V3-Al-LAW.
tx-mcmet. Pa.
a! l iriort. eutral to our tmrs mill b
r.'-:'..j Ai.J i4viui;u.; .'.undtil u. i-olituoui
riLXKY. F.H UELL,
LL AlTuiJ.i.Y-Ai-LAW,
t-tary li.d Peauis AceaL OCc la MuniaiAk
i.uiA
VAIX.VTIE l.AY,
AiiulvNi.V-AT LAW.
Bumenrt, Pa.
A !a RbaJ EAle. Ui Attend to AH
Tun:.' h. vhu
J ATTvtiNEY-AT-LAW,
butnerwt, F.
k ; j:.' jl. icj't ivAueed on ouu.touA, dtc Of-
D
:. '. F. HAFEER,
I-HY?'..1A. AM iURi.EON.
tEtaTT, PA-.
-.atr-.: -1 v.i iii.T OS... neit lour to
T "W. rAKl"THEI M. P.
J lrilsl- 'AN AM slK .ti'V,
?-jH?T, PA-
m jSia nrvn. next duor to Lutheran
D3
U. S. KIMMELL,
Triien h -of -:orai rrri'.'Ci to the eitiEM
l'.'-.'v-i fcin. T.i iriiiT. tales j.roirtoua-iy
tM-i a rjtn :t I-j -1.4 l hjt uwet oq Main ot.
rY J. 1L UiETKER,
Fill -iTLOS AND fr-lTHGEOS.
; k.-:i-l j-uiAjtnOy in Somerset for the
i "-: t in of s vure.
D3
J. S. M'MILLEX,
" w-jl AiVriiUcm to the preerTAtieo of
' ut-:v u-ia. ArUit Al rts lturted. Ail
r.---'.e! torr. uiht in tti
"CaisrM M I.)tiiA, C.' nore, corner
- -?v tual ht..-!ut Kfttlt.
D
LLMlsT.
a- " - k. . i.m j.rtifr-1 U) do .11 k;ndA
(,r n a r..u.A-. rir..ttnf. eTirAcUuir.
.. ; ietn All t.ud. n..! of the fca
ust.TrC AA wort gUATAiitetrd.
CURTIS K. GROVE,
SOMERSET, PA.
tLEJoHS, CAltRIAGES,
WA-.va. eccx wagoxe.
AVI' IATEBS AXDWESTIiS WORK
fun: tJ oa alort NoUoe.
trj Done on Short Time.
a: u. Mi-.. a,j f uhMADUALy
l K.TJrur,i N..J tiuinxA. And
u. f. t ruiCArtHa.
7 27 First Class Trinen.
Ai: K:n4 Igkr Um Doo oa
. .VAiot Pni-e. ktA.SO.N ABLE, And
AH Work Warranted
j " J-iAKiiiw my 8to k. and Lum PrVe.
t " -t. ad4 fan:ih Selvw far Wlcd
fc-ffitwr tiw pUoe. and CAll in.
CLTITIS K.GE0VE,
ittm. of Court bouM )
8C5IEESCT. PA
tTT TO OLDER.
W C. WHITE LCMBER CO,
9;., Cumberland. Mi.
1 EES -
Bruise, Spmim ud
Swelliug.
T't Hi oa Bun.
41 I nwrx Pr, tV, Sot, and fL
rtiie.
i'4,EENN' W-fi-, Ane5heny, Pa.
SjEmt, Pa.
r
LUMBER,
1 i
ie
YOL. XXXIX. KO. 29.
PUBLIC SALE.
OF
Vahatls Rsai Estate!
PY" yiRTVEnf An mirnf a Iwtd wnt nf the
Ori-CAIM nrt,jf M uiiit. Pa i ,r.
exrjre to public alc on Uie premje la ltUc
SA TV ED A r, r 10, 1891
At 1 oVinrk p. m. of ,1,T. the fnllowuir
A :rnain pi or parcel of pround tiiiuie ia
. . 7. r uI-i i.:iuiy. a . it.in-
incirlcf JrrtmiAtt J. K..ik on tti. iKirtA, E1
wnl rv.T;AfT.,t1 ,ijeM,lfl ,wtiiic p1ob the
west and V NVstnan i n t" en-t. r.:A!n Q
oriiMiA.f acre, mororlt-. tunng tiiem a two
fctory frame
DirHLLISG HOUSE
TERMS.
On.Mhird nerpTmentof l-l and rrpecfea
of .iniLt?.imnGn ptrvir.Atn a ut-u ui-jn ;b- pn-m-toiKTure
the mt,rm t d.mer, nnhA;f of the
purrhA imn.eT on r rTPiAlHn of nl.- and del.T
err..i .nd and balance in !oe-n)i ni.al pav
mHr.tolmm iy H:e : detArrwi nAnx-ni- to be
e1irvd hv jlKiiraeTit bOurtsiU, rf. nntnt'iM lit tiM
mil u( iW .un liA ujufT io he iid obdarof
"'e JoKl. Yl lZY,
. AdminiMrAiia-AndTrtaaee.
SC'Xt A Cgle, Attorney.
Executors Sale
OF
YalnaWe Real Estate.
1-HE ISVTK'ViSTD Kierotor. of the Urt
1 !U and ter.tneot of Sul-mr Hammer 1a
of ;. iiut-r T..nbip. de-d.. will eipuM ! )
on ine pmitTi in Jenoer Township, by public
uuyrr, ou
S.4 rti9J ', JANUAIIY 31, "91,
the f.d".nw:njt dewriVd tva! estAie, iaie the prop-
Aernain frmor:ra-t of lan.1 containing
acre, m-wv "r i-.AiHit !) a--Te eleAr. and the
t.u'-e tJtatTed. LaviLg tbereuu entLed a
Kod plAiik IwoKory
DWELLING HOUSE,
har.lc Ura.aihl o:hT ouThi!M!r.tf : fmtrtia ft
fir-hani f cuoice frui'jo-a.r. plutu. p
w and : The frm mown ine
'i-:fif,Hri:vr Una," i- -;;'it' elzitt mii-
rvwjib JWia-Twii. oii ckkI rr-ifi lrimit to
tint iwu. f.ih i not uf ihe nurirHji r
it-ni to u,1 rhun i m ererr -ar
m.Ki.l-.rxt;l-jr.;-T:y. It j el nntlerUid
i;i irnoHri;, cti irni r id lunc-Hi.
Tacit ie a lisirvoiw jUrry ojt-inri on it
XKUMS
Ma ic know a on dy of' ul.
JiHN C HAVMKR.
1A VUM. HAMMt.K,
IT. ilxtt-uiom.
-RUSTEE'S SALE
OF
Valuable Real Estate !
rY" VTRTt 'E of an ortli-r of the Orphan' Court
of .StmerwH t'our.iy. 1 wlu -U at pot lie aaie
the real eauae of Andrew Hoover, dvc'a., on
FR1DA Y, JASCARY 9, im,
a: the o-e of Samnel ! Kenzie. Eni-, In the
U'Wtl o( OATTt-U. At 1 O CluL'fc p. m.. couiiuf AM
foiiuWB.
No. 1.
A farm or tract of land ritnate in
Bro'.hcn Alice To"ai,iPL j.imerM-t
CoiTnty. Pa.. contAinc 1 Aer. rcire or lew, of
wcii-n'tA) acre Are t icAr.i. cren In meiow. wuh
I) WELLISG HOUSE
atI ha-n. and other ontb;:iM:ns thereon erected
and nue fnut on-hani ou the 'ame. AiliiiiBe
lands o:"J.(tn Lot:. Ai'xr.irr .neman. Mn
J.hn J. Haukt. a-i't o'.r.t-r; b!flri-e well tim
bered : i Dear u M-naol. church, Ajd K. K.
a. iiairetl.
-ALSO
A T'aeilirr Hone and lot of yronnd !n the vil
lage o farrelt. cnbL!nl:iir one-fourth of an ali4.
tn.-reor le-v l .r. lot No. 147 ou ( berry street
and Wblsertreet-
Terms of Xo. i.
f'ne-th:M in hanl April 1,
.j'ai AHliUA iutAluaentfl.
balance is four
Terni;; of Xo. 2.
fine half In hard Arril L 'SI. aad ba".nce in 1
Tear : iv per cent or ;he hand money 01 So. 1 to
fie -ai i a- ki a pr.r,erty t'J k off: if) tole
pa.-l f.n No. 2 a w..ti a sauie i? ftnick off. IV
K rri'd latmeov lu be M an-! cn the premise.
JL 1U VEii.
d5T. TnMee.
-J7XECTTOR S NOTICE,
In the mailer of th estate of Marr Firertooe. late
of I'pper Turkeyfoot Nwp.. Sitaerset .o- Pa.
1 lu-r teame:ttary on the ttaic l.aTinf
been minted u tiie un.ter. arnel by the proper
anthonrr. notice hereby Rj.en to ai: perwn
iudeh e.i to tid estate to make immee.itte pay
ment and tho havoc c'.aim amnst the MM
w .ii present ir-em d i-y aithenti-aw.-d fv ettie
neut on ai irlay the SNl day of january, ltd. At
the iA'.e reai k ace of tAid deseA-e L
JoHN FIRESTONE.
Executor.
Fred W. BieickeT. Attorney.
A
DMIXISTRATOR-S NOTICE
A.-iAte of Henry A. Shaffer iAte of Lincoln town
0i sHn-r--t omty. Fa , deeeAd.
Let'er of AdruiitnuratKai havinr liecn franted
br the pr;HT aiith'nTy. to the nudersirned. on
UieeMa: of Henry A. .-hafter, late of Linei.ln
tor..hlri, j-onienwi crmnty. Pa.. deeeard. notice
i hereby kitcu to all p rvorw lndebu-d tofcaid es
tate lo make immediate :ynnt. and thoe hae
ili ruim ata n-t id e-iaie will present thera
diiy A'ltbemieiretl forsenWment and AtH.Ance
at the late residence ftf the deceased on Saturday
Jaiiuarr W. A. It. IM.
KKEEVS J. H"FFMAX.
MAKY X. S.HAFFEK.
A lnviOtftrator.
ADMINISTRATORS NOTICE.
L-..:e of Llori I rirri,late of Jesner Twp,
NmieTset i n, la-. dee'd.
Letter, c' Adroinis ratio, on the il re estate
havniK be-n granted to the undersigned by the
proper amlK.riir, nmi-e i hen-by iriven to all
perin in.lele-i to id estate b make i aimed!.
ale paTmeiit, and iimm havinc cia. ra arainat
the same will preseat thein duly authenticated
lor parotei-t u the ander-iened.
iur tm.w Ll ty m :Tl-rFT
dce.1. Admioietratrix.
ADMINISTRATOR S NOTICE.
Iutne Btateof Ema'l Miller. late Cinnemaagb
township. Snfnertet wi.iity, 1'A.
Lettero A"imir.ratioooti tbeabcTeenate hav
in been rrar led to toe anderiened by the proper
a'lthoritT. a.ice ia hereby r Ten to all peraona
indebievi P saud ewate to make tome-liate pay
Dent and -.hooe barinf cIaibu Aaint the ant
wiil prrKSi tbea duly Aainenuiwied 6 aeoie
meut on or be lore Friday. Jan y a), ISA, at th
Ute reence of the fas jrrr.LER,
Fred. W. Eieecker, AOomey.
A
DMINISTRATOR'S NOTICE.
In ih matter of the Estate of Georce (Gardner,
dec d. late of ynemahor.irur Twp . S-tnerwet
Letter of almintstrai:.m on the. abore eate
havnic been cm tiled to the iiuderirne-.l t? the
proper authority, notW ia hereby r"'Ten f all
perxt indexed to said estA'.e lo make immeti
Ale jiATmeiit, And thoe baritit elAima or de
raAH'l Aw'nt the mni will preiii them duly
anthenticaled ir e,ij-went on Kric.ay. Jaa'y
th lrw. at theiate residervrrof aid dee d.
JiiAH i. BlAiOiH.
Admutralor.
Fred. Bieseekcr, AUoraey.
FACTS I
That I all t fie
followinrrooda
at tb wry low
pruoa
Two
Three
Four
yrr oM Pnr. Kye t-' r fallon.
- - - 2 -
S
4 SO
Ten - " "
Fifteen " -
AH from the "1et known direilJer. California i
r wr-old pore Vk mea. ail kim at fl.M nrr aalloa.
Line Mma-i. !art. Kucirarian, Kherry am.
ort ;n- direet irrrrauora. in a a. Pur.
imoried Brandie . na at tl hwtst for.
t ali or ud for T-ial prl e lit. r ail order.
Promptly a' tended lu. KouachArje turpavrA
lu( Aid bomr:g.
A. ANDRSESSEN,
. 72 Federal Street, AUegheny, Pa.
THIS amd THAT.
it TTCox'X&arw
CURES
LUMBAGO.
Orleant Pt,
Balta.,MdLFcb 2i,
t iru confined to the
home two w as w ith
lumbafu.bot SC Jacob
Oil enrod aw; no re
turn. WB.A-OOCIZK,
PACt.
JOT.
CURES BRUISES.
renem-tile, Mo, Feb. T. lKtt.
A. Jaooba OU la without peer for pcioa,
bruises, achea, Ac." Rcr.T.G. Biwrci,
Pastor BaptUt Chorcb,
CURES SPRAINS.
Cincinnati, Ohio. April 2. 1 Wo.
I snffcred with spraicKj ankle which
welled very roach. Found great relief tn of
ot St. Jacob Oil and f welling duappeared.
Mom fin us.
ST. JACOBSIOIL
The Great Rsmsdf Fcr Pais,
crrrtES also
RHEUMATISM, NEURALGIA,
SCIATICA.
FOR DYSPEPSIA,
Ayer's Sarsaparilla
Is an eSeetlve remedy, as numerous tenlimn.
Eiiij coorlujutely roe. -For two years
I was a constant auflerer front dyspepsia
and lirer eomplxitiL I doctored a kxur
time and th i ardirwi prescritied. in nearly
every case only atrsraratrd the di.sea.se.
An apotltrcxry advnrd ue lo use Ayefg
Kirapanila. I did m, and a cured
at a cost of (s. sine that time it has
tn my buafly medicine, and sickne has
tieconie a strartfrer to our household. I
believe it to be the heat aaedirine on earth."
r. F. MrXulty, UArkBwm, 3 Summer st,
Lowell. Mass.
FOR DEBILITY,
Ayer's Sarsaparilla
Is a certain cure, when the complaint origi
hat.a in impoverished IdowL "1 was a
preat sufterer Iran a low condition oj the
1'kwd and reoeral debility. Upcoming finally,
o reduced Uua I was uniit for work. Solo
ing that I did for the complaint helped aie
o much as Aver Sarsaparilla. a few IkhtIcs
of whH-h restored Die f health and srrenrth.
1 take ererr opportunity to recomraend tills
medicine in similar cases." C. trick, 14 E.
Hiiin iL, CkiUicoUie, Oiito.
FOR ERUPTIC:3
nd ail disorders originating in impuniyof
the blood, such as boils, carbuncles, pimples,
blotches, salt-rheum, scald-bead, scrofulous
sores, and the like, take only
Ayer's Sarsaparilla
ruETAEtD ar
Da. J. C. ATXB CO.. Lowell, Xaaa
Price 1; a:i boulea, i- Wor.h a bonw.
-THE-FIRST
NATIONAL BANK
OF
Somerset, -Penn'a.
DEPOSITS nCCCIVCO IN LAMCC BDH ALL
AMOUNTS. PAYA.LC ON OCMANO.
ACCOUNTS HtBCMANTS, FARNCRS.
STOCK DEALERS. AND OTHERS SOLICITED.
DISCOUNTS DAILY.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS:
LaRr M. Hicxa. W. H. Millaa,
James L. PrtH, Cbas. H. Fuhie,
Joux R. Scott, Go. K. Sccix,
Fbxd W. BmcrxsJL
Edward Scni, :
Valxstixk Hat,
Andrew Parkes,
: : : President
Yhi President
: : : Cashiek.
The fun is and Becnritiea of this bank
re Kex-ursly protect! in s celebrated Cor
liss Burglar-proof rafe. The only Safe
made absolutely Ban?lar-proof.
Somsfssl Counlj National Bank
Of Somerset, Pa.
Dtabllssso, 1877. Orpautd at l Hiboaal, H90
CAPITAL, $50,000.
tO.
Chas. J. Harrison, Pres't
Wm. B. Frease, Vice Pres't.
Milton J. Pritts, Cashier.
Directors:
Wm. H. Koorrtx.
Jonah SpechL
Jolin H. Niyder.
Joseph B. 1 sit la,
Jerome MuA,
Sara! Pnyder,
J.inas M f'ook,
John fkaffl.
Hamxon oyder.
lioaha. Milier,
Wm. Eadaley.
ltA7HlDcri M MAAS AJVkAl ak W1A1 IO' "v
II be nu treaunut corttuteat with bnkiog.
Parties wi-hlnr lo amd momr W cn
be arcumiiduI by drmU for -Uij amoazit-
r .J InAWl. -iriSafl hfW nOM ttf TMfrV
hold's Uetebratsd afes, with most approred Haw
locU
Collection made In aU paru of the raited
itauss. Charre. moderate.
Aooomua and bepoaita iwUctea. n arVCa
STILL. IN BUSINESS I
tflsy's Photocraph Gall.r .
ilj patrona are inforarad thai I am atUl In
the
3TJ333THSS,
And am at all timet prepared to take all
kinds of picture, from a
TlB-type or Cabiaet PkUrrapH,
To a Life-irise Craron. Instantaneota Pro
em used, and all work ima ran teed to be
aaur factory.
r-GaUery up atain, next to Voogbt i
grore. WM. H. W EL? LEY.
s
TOCK.nOLDERS' MEETING.
The aannal neetiar of the Rtoek holders of the
Firt NatioBAl Bask of SusnerM. for tee election
of lurertiin tar toe year A. I ll. will be held
in the bankmr rooms is the FirM Xatiooal Bank
Bulidinc. fVnuerset. Pa., on TueadAy. Janoary IA,
ltd, bvtweea lb. hour of oat and tare. . ciock
p:ii
AXDREW PAEKER.
Somerset
SOMERSET, PA., WEDNESDAY,
34TH ANNUAL SESSION
OF THE
TEACHERS' INSTITUTE.
TIES DAT KOBXlSli SESAilOJf.
Diacoseion " la the copy book a ne
cessity, a convenience, or a naaaDcw
Opened by David Bercey, followed by 8.
R. Sanner and J. S. Fnlton. Crpinion waa
diidef.
Music, conducted by Prof. Smith.
After the music Prof, rsinith gave a lec
tore of a few minutes on what be called
" vowel cultare."
To avoid hoarseness a speaker most
bring hit tones well forward in the month
as no one can epeak long without hoare
nessifbe forms hia tones back in the
moutb.
Topical Ulk, II. F. Yost : " Order in
the schoolroom."
" overnment is necessary lecaii.e vr
der is necesoary ; teat-hers of a former
day appealed to the nerves through the
mediam of the rod ; teachers of the pres
ent day appeal to the conscience through
the median of the mind. The first re
quisite is to give pa pi Is something to do ;
then, after you have given them some
thing to do, keep them at it ; the second
factor is, recreation ; children cannot
work all the time ; few children care to
produce disorder; they like order, and
respect the person that can maintain it ;
the teacher needs strong will power ;
persons of strong will control those of
weak wills; good teaching is another
requisite ; secure the confidence of yocr
pupils in your own ability ; when pupils
lark this confidence good order can't be
maintained ; many teachers talk of good
and bad conditions ; the basinets of the
teacher of to-day is to make good condi
tions." Queries Tbe query managers reported
that they bad no queries.
Discussion, " Element of a Teacher's
Saccess," was to have been opened by
Prof. LeRoy McClintock, who tendered
an apology on the ground of hoarseness,
and the subject w as deferred until Wed
nesday morning.
Music" Some Folks."
The Professor remarked that the piece
was w ritten by Stephen C. Foster, who
was born in I'ittslcrg in 32J end died
in l.Si'4.
Devotional exercises, conducted by
Kev.Zinn.
Music by the Institute, after which the
Connty Superintendent introduced Prof.
Z. X. Snyder, af Indiana State "ormal
School.
He said he was glad to be bf re, Le
cauise, among other reasons he saw a
number of persons whom be bad taught.
After inviting teacher to present ques
tions for answerand saying that he would
try and answer them, be said that he
sometimes illustrated his talks by the use
of an equation x y z equals (?) ia which
x equals the teacher, y equals the child,
and a equals nature : the. teacher is a
governing power in the country ; our
schools contain to-day the future all of
our country ; the teacher gives direction
to the various units.
Healtk is the prerequisite of the teach
er; a sour disposition will soon pickle
a w hole school ; to attain health we must
live correctly ; every teacher should Lave
fat least eight hour's solid sleep before he
enters on the day's work ; in a first-class
baseball club or football club, a boy that
cbews tobacco will not be accepted ;
John Ls Sullivan was not permitted to
use tobacco in his training ; yon can
teach a boy through bringing these
things to bis notice.
Cleanliness ia another element of fnc
cess ; ' dirt, says lord Palmerston, ' ia
matter out of rlace: when an untidy
person presents himself nowadays forany
appointive place he is ienored, no matter
what his apparent intellectuality ; good
writing is an essential ; children copy
the writing of the teacher ; drawing is
another essential the power to make
things; it ias law in psychology that
we learn through our attention to the oc
cupation of their hands.
The speaker exhibited several articles
constructed by students at the school.
Among these were a pair of blackboard
compasses and a mortised joint in wood ;
also, a doveLiiled joint, in metaL)
Oood sense is another requisite ; the
nan who succeeds everywhere, in every
business or profession, is the man that
has common sense. Common sense is
merely the knowledge of common things
and scholarship is next ; nothing can
take the place of scholarship. A teacher
must know himself well ; cultivate a
sweet disposition ; know yourself; be
yourself ; Esthetics must be taught ; you
want to see something deeper than color,
form or sound you want to see a iJevwl
oped soul- if yon want to secure the
best results you must know the child's
home; lift up the children who have had
no chance ; a teicher should be a think
er; be mu3t have a knowledge of the
subjects ; every lesson must be prepared ;
the primary teaching is the hardest, be
cause little children have so much to dis
tract their attention.
Music, by Prof. Smith and Institute. "
Talk oa drawing, by Frof. Little. . .'
Music.
Address by State Superintended Wal
ler. Music. Adjournment.
AFTEAJWO SE8M0W.
Music by the Institute, conducted by
Prof. Smith.
County Sopt. Berkey announced an
enrollment of 220 teachers oat of a pos
sible 271. ;:: :
Instruction by Dr. J. D. Waller, the
Stale Superintendent.
. Teachers' work is of the highest im
portance, even from the philanthropic
standpoint. It assumes a grave aspect
when great political questions are to be
decided by the people's vote ; intelli
gence is almost a Mine qua turn. Bat grave
political questions are not is all countries
settled by the Tote of the people. The
Prussian government is an example. Jo
country to-day in Europe is making a
mere strenuous effort for the education
of her people than is France. As early
as 17S5 Congress in this country made an
appropriation for the schools The effort,
ia this country are not so noticeable in
the country districts, isolated as tbey
are, but only when yon reach great
centres of poonlatk n, like New York and
Boetns.
Henry Ward Beecher says I the schools
are the stomach of the body politic If
one were to nmlertake to engraft npon
his person the meat be ate for his dinner
it would result in irriutioa'aati ferer,
EST A BT,TS H h. 1 ) 18527.
perhaps in mortification and death. The
meat most go into the stomach. So the
children of foreign parentAge, with all
their prejod ices and igrioraoc, must go
into the schools. In the lower rooms of
the achoo's of the great cities a vast dif
ference is observable between the foreign
and the native born children ; but when
they reach the higher rooms and the
graduating classes, the difference has al
most ceased.
According to the report of the Civil
Service in 1887, Massachusetts waa high
est in the number of persons passing the
examinations, while in lSjsft-9 Pennsyl
vania was the highest.
There is a great diversity between the
system of education in Pennsylvania
and Sew York. New York's system is
based on the principle of centralization
that of Pennsyivanii is just the re
verse. In Kew York there are few per
sons controlling the machine in Penn
sylvania there are many. In New York
ail questions emanate from the Central
Board, and are uniform for the entire
State. You know it is very different in
Pennsylvania. In New York there is a
board of men whose business it is to hold
the county Institutes. They notify the
Superintendent ; he geta ready, engages
hall, etc, and the Board alternate with
one another in giving iostructi jna.
You all k?ow how this is man
aged. In the founding of our system
there was adopted the principle of a
minimum of centralizstion and a maxi
mum of local control. .
The system of education as we have it
is in harmony with the genius cf Ameri
can institutions. Its founders endeavored
to find out what was best adapted to
Pennsylvania. The Constitution of 1S74
provided that there should be maintain
ed a body of public schools. TLe State
appropriation is now two millions of dol
lars, as against one million in 1S74. It
was not the object of this increase to
diminish taxation, but to benefit the
schools. If any districts have used te
State appropriation to diminish taxation
they have misunderstood the intent of
those who made the grant. A short
school term is expensive. To comiuct
the schools economically we must length
en the term.
We want to see the day when the
poorest school shall be better than the
best is to-djy ; when the child that bag
the poorest advantages wiil have greater
advantages than the one that has the
greatest advantage to-day.
A dictionary is a standard of pronunci
ation, accent, etc, just as a yard is a
standard of length, and a gallon of liquid
measure. Let everyjarhool have a dic
tionary. An essential is that the best teachers
be found and kept The only question
a Director should ask himself is. Who is
the best teacher for that school ? Visita
tion is an effective method of determin
ing the qoalitications of a teacher.
themselves into committees, whose duty
it is to visit the schools at certain given
times and make repot t.
Hovr are we to keep the good teachers?
There is an old recipe fr stewed rab
bits which says, firsi catch your rabbit,
bleed him, skin him, i&c, but it doesn't
do to apply the last directions to teachers
if we want to keep them.
A born teacher wiil teach for less mon
ey than he'll do anything'else. Has Som
erset county done all it would and could
do in the way of salaries? In Som
erset county's average rate of taxation
was 5.57 mills, but that of the State was
5.SS mills, so that Somerset is below the
State average. In some of the counties
of the State the rate of taxation is more
than 10 mills.
Teachers should receive sufficient sala
ry to compensate them, and they must
recive so much either by taxation or by
a direct appropriation ; that is by taking
the money from the treasury. Pupils
properly taught in the schools wiil be
patriots, and should there be a call to
arms the youth of this day inconse
quence of their teaching in the schools
wiil respond to thecal! with 'the same
promptita-k as did the "Boys of '61."
County Superintendent, announced
that'tbis would be the last Ulk of the
ae&aon by the State Superintendent, he
having engagements elsewhere, and be
ing compelled to leave on the train.
Music by Prof. Smith and Institute.
Drawing by Prof. Little.
He commenced by saying that the best
eraser is that known as the Cimoi ; and
gave as a reason that the felt ends are
open permitting the chalk dust to fall
out and into the trough.
Drawing can be made much more val
uable by the general teacher than by
the special teacher. In drawing strive
first for accuracy, and then for rapidity.
Do your work as rapidly as possible.
Don't stand too close to the board.
. (Most of the speaker's talk was devoted
to explanation of his drawings, done in
free band on the board, and their repro
duction here is for obvious reason im
possible.) ISTEKMISSIOS.
Music by Prsf. Smith and the Institute.
Mathematical Geography,' instruction
in by Prof. J. D. Meese of Meyerlale
Preparatory school. Mathematical Ge
ography is really inexhaustible, in 15
minutes one can do nothing, really, in
15 years one can but scale the subject
The earth moves faster in certain parts of
its orbit than in other parts, as a result
of Kepler's 3rd law, that the earth moves
over equal areas in equal times. The
path described in a revolution of any
body about another is the former's orbit
The Ecliptic is the apparent path of the
snn around the earth. The Equinoxes are
points in the earth's orbit at which Ahe
days and nights are equal.
Instructions by Prof. Z. X. Snyder, of
Indiana,
I see activity when I examine the
heavenly bodies. Activity in the air, in
frost, in the snow ; activity everywhere,
activity characterizes nature. I have a
walnut, I lay it here, it would remain
there forever if untouched. What's to
tooch it ? Heat, moisture, vbey touch it
from without and the result is the wal
nut tree.
The soul of a little child would re
nain forever a blank if nntourheJ, j'tt
as the walnut wou.J lie still forever if
untouched. But thd soul is touched by
various things by the objects of earth
and the objects of heaven, all touch it,
it expands, it grows.
Teaching is causing a haman being to
act. ia the widest sense, intellect em
braces three things ; thinking, knowing,
JANUARY 7, 1891.
expressing. All rirofevsions depend npon
thought
When yon get a child to tu'nt, yon're
on the war.
When yoa get it to fcjotr, you're farther
on the way.
When yoa get it to trtm, you've done
what you wish.
Thinking is teeing rtittiotu, (illustrated
by a bottle-fountain, and by a pair of
stuffed birds.)
The more modestly colored bird is the
female, the gaudy is the male. The
modest colors of the female are the effort
of nature to protect the female and
her egs. The brighter colors of the male
are for a similar purpose, by diverting
the hawk from the nest as the bird dives
from the top of the tree. Three things
can be done with numbers to wit:
Combination, Separation, Comparison,
and only three.
The soil in the valley was once on the
hill. It was rock. Disintegration set in
by action of rain and frost, and the disin
tegrated rock came down and vegetable
matter was mixed therewith and to-day
it is the most productive soil of the com
try. Historic thinking is seeing historic re
lationo. fine must see the relations be
tween the facts of history or he has not
studied history to tooJ purpose. The
teacher that teaches objectively must be
cartful not to stay with objects too long.
Announcements.
Directors' convention in the Lutheran
church, at 9:30 a. uu Teacher's Sea-ion
at Si.10 a. m.
Music.
Adjourned.
TVKSDAV ETKSnVG SESSION'.
Music
Solo, by Miss Fee " Night Birds Coo
ing, fcneore responded to in a duet by
Miss Fee and Prof. Smith, the musical
director of the Institute.
Superintendent Berkey then introduc
ed the Lectarer of the evening, Dr. Hen-
son, who delivered his lecture entitled
Fools." He said :
It is with great pleasure that I respond
to any summons from Pennsylvania.
Twenty-two of my happiest years were
spent in this State. I never lived in this
part of the Stat, but I'm sorry I didn't
I know no place in which a lectarer is so
sure cf its hearty and appreciative an
audience as he is in Somerset
I've lectured in places where I felt as
though I were attending my own funeral,
and I was chief mourner as well as ca
daver. I lectured in a town where tbey
sat perfectly quiet glowered at me, and
I cowered before them. Xobody laugh
ed, and nobody cried bat me, and I did
that in private. Afterwards I met a
friend who told me he knew the town,
and now, six months after, they're laugh
ing at those jokes. "Well," said I, The
next time I'll send on the jokes several
months ahead, and I want to get there
It's si aiet sncVBtar.i , X
want to see them blown up."
I've been sorry that I made this lecture.
I sat in my numerous family one evening
and remarked that I was afraid that I
would hereafter be chiefly remembered
as the author of fools. Oae of my boys
remarked, "Pa, that's hard on ns.'
I didn't prepare this lecture for you,
but for my own people in Chicago.
Neither did I choose the subject for this
night It was choaen by one who, I pre
sume, understands toe neeus ot trie
people.
Webster says there are natural fools
those who are born so ; and accidental
fools those who are weak-minded as a
result of some external injury. This
lecture doesn't apply to them. God for
bid that I should ever make sport of
stich. He most be a miserable, imbro
tea wretch that could do so.
One passage of Scripture reads, "An
swer not a fool according to hia folly,"
etc, and another reads, "Answer a fool
according to his folly, lest he be wise in
his ow n conceit," and it is to the latter
of these that I apply this lecture.
No graver insult can be given a man
than to call him a fool. Witchcraft has
carried awav hundreds of thousands of
victims. We think we've got over it, bat
only lately in New York I was told there
were not lees than three witches and
one full-blown wizard. The"MLseiaeippi
Bubble" was another piece of fswlery. It
was originated by one George Law.
Values went np to fictitious rates; the
bubble burst, and Law escaped by the
skin of his teeth. TLe "Sooth Sea
Scheme" wa? another shortly following.
Then again came the "Tulip" craz, orig
inating in damp, fotrzy Halland, among
a set of gtn-drinkini;, pipe-smoking
Dutchmen. The craze ceased, and thou
sands were rained, w ith nothing to show
save a few bassets of flower roots, that
nobody would boy and none could eat
The oil on the brain craze is more re
cent ; so recent that yoa all remember it
and know all about it
Among the superstitious follies we may
reckon the so-called Mormon religion ;
founded on a few old brass plates, said to
have been dag oat of an Indian mound.
Modern spiritualism is another of the
superstitions humbugs of the day. I
sincerely trust that when I am desd I
shall not be called back to do the bidding
of any woman on the face of the earth ;
and I hereby g:ve notice that I won't
come.
But, to particularizo, there is the rich
fool. A man is not a fjol to be rich, but
be is a fool if he isn't rich. Same men
turn everything they tiuch into gold ;
others tarn everything they touch into
ashes- The miser I've known a man
very rich for a raiser. I hope I'll be forgiv
en for even knowing such a man. A
man once said to him, "Mr. Toner, how
did yon make yonr ssoney ?" "I didn't
make it ; 1 saref it" Miser, means mis
erable. The miser locks his money from
himself as from a thief. He lives miser
able and dies wretched.
Many people indulge in fine things
that they say about people that are dead.
A I hitch man at a funeral, in loss of any
thing else to say, said, after Looking into
the grave, "Veil ! be vas a good schmok
er, anyhow."
Then again, there is the man who is
by the force of circumstances made rich ;
driven among the aristocracy withoat
knowing how to act. Shakespeare, in
his "Taming of the Shrew," introduces a
drunken trcker, named .Christopher Sly.
I've seen something like it the man
who through shoddy or oil has risen. He
dresses weiL eats well, lives well. His
library is bought by the yard ; his wife
is tricked oat in finery, and he wonders
whether he is a gentleman. I ran say,
no. Gentlemen are not made of such
stuff.
Then again, there is the fool whose
father has made the money the young
fool, has inherited. Then there is the
fashionable fool the begloved. perfumed
fool, who parts his hair in the middle a
man that would be a woman if be could
a da le. Fools of this sort, I'm afraid,
are on the increase in Republican Amer
ica. Another fooL very common in Chicago
I hope scarce in Somerset is the
urnnken fooL A judge making a tem
perance speech, said that no man can
drink for thirty years without being
a dead man, or a drunkard or quitting
the habit. A red-faced man aruee and
said, "I deny it" The judge then told a
story of a negro w ho dropped corn-bread
soaked in whisky into the water to catch
fishes. One refused to be caught, al
though he ate the crumbs. Calling an
other negro, be afckexl why he could cot
catch that fish. "Why," was the reply,
"a mullet-head has got no brains; yoa
can't make him drunk." Our friend on
the other side may be of the mallet-bead
species.
The man that tikes that into his mouth
that steals away hia brains is s fool, will
live s fool and die a fool and be a foci
forever. Young man, for your own sake,
for your mother's sake, and for (rod's
sake, don't be a fool.
Again, there is the learned fool. I
have heard of a German who spent Lis
V whole life preparing two quarto volumes
on "The Wings of a Butteriy." Another,
on Greek accents. But he found one
accent he couid not account for. When
he bad s;nt months on it he went to a
friend, who took the book, peered at
the accent, and said, "thaf a fly speck."
Think of a man spending his life on fiy
specks!
Then there are absent-minded fools.
One of these in Chicago thought he had
forgotten his watch pulled it out to see
whether he'd have time to go back for
it, and calui'y concluded he wouldn't
have time.
Men think a thing is deep when they
can't see the bottom of it ; bat I've seen
a mad puddle not an inch deep that yoa
eouli'n t see to the bottom of, because it j
was a mud puddle. And then again, I've !
seen a mountain stream that an elephant
could swim iu, and you coald count every
pebble in it, it was so clear.
Then there ia the frivolous fool ; the
gijfgler, continually giggling and titter
ing. There is a time for everything ; a
time to laugh and a time te weep. The
first miracle Jesus of Nazareth perform
ed was at a wedding.
Then there's the solemn fooL I don't
mean true solemnity, bat its mimic that
is called dignity. That nearly killed me
once. I was brought up in the country
most everybody that's good for any
thing is. If it were not for the good
ra U.UO- o IMua... uoors iwte.
the city, the city would rot
The solemnest bird is the owl ; he has
a great head, mostly feathers. The
solemnest beast isn't a horse but he
has a great heal on him, mostly ears ;
and the solemnest man has a great bead
on him, with ears on it like the beast,
but mostly tucked inwards to fill np the
vacuum.
One other fool U the only one I have
room for. It is the man who in this
world of ours, this beautiful world, says
there U no God. Lit us hear the conclu
sion of the whole matter. Fear God and
keep his coaimanlments ; for this is the
whole duty of man. For God shall bring
every work into judgement, with every
secret thing, whether it be good, or
whether it ba eviL And they that be
wisa soail shine as the brightness of the
firmament ; and they that torn many to
righteousness, as the stars for ever and
ever.
WEDSESPAT MORNISr, F-!OS.
. Music by the Institute, conducted by
Prof. S. G. Smith.
Discussion, " A graded course of study
for country schools," to be opened by J.
F. Baker, who was not present, and the
question was deferred for the prese"t
and the question, "Is district supervision
desirable?" opened by W. H. Spangler.
He thinks that such supervision is desir
able ; if county supervision is desirable,
then district supervision is desirable.
No one responded .
Paper by Miss Ella Vogel "Teaching
Language." Pupils have been required
to write compositions, bat they have
written them without adequate instruc
tion or preparation ; Language lessons
should precede the study of Grammar
proper ; language lessons should occupy
the first five years of the child's school
life ; pictures and drawings are very im
portant, and are rrceesoriee, but too great
a degree of com plicity should be avoid
ed ; the primary object of teaching is to
afford culture.
Topical talk, by Prof. Johnson, of the
Berlin schools History : An old subject
older than any other subject ; of para
mount importance in the schools ; histo
ry began with the first person of the hu
man race ; teach children ancient histo
ry ; to begin a child in the history of the
Caited States is like studying the geog
raphy of the British Islands and resting
wntent, thinking we are geographers.
How to teach the child American history
first, by the study of men ; great men
never die ; study history by studying the
lives of great men ; Xerxes and Cyrus
cover a large pArt of ancient history ; Ly
tmrgns, Solon, and sorns few others cover
the most of Grecian history ; C-esar,
Poropey, and a few more, with Hanni
bal, cover the bulk of Roman history ;
Philip IL the pillar of Roman Catholi
cism, covers the history of the world for
his time.
Second, the study of principles under
lying the lives of the men whose history
yoa study.
Logical History To enable the child
to see the connection the logical connec
tion of events.
Oae thing throughout the world de
pends upon another thing ; our govern
ment depends upon oppression of their
subjects by other nations. Don't teach
imply words dry, parched, meaningless
words ; teach the little details ; the his
tory of George Washington would lack
something without the little hatchet
The history of him is the history of some
thirty or forty great men Columbcw,
Washington, Jefferson, Webster and Clay
and Lincoln and Grant ; when you have
seen the relations of these men to their
times and to their country, your knowl-
raid
WHOLE NO. 2059.
dire of the history of our country will be
sbont complete.
Masic,TheGld Slonntain Home."
C. J. I'ottn. County Superintendent of
Eedfosd County, said :
If test hers got nothing more than the
svmpAihr, the handshakes, the feeling
of kinship to carry back to their schools.
this alone would be worth the money
paid for Initiate.
The Stat Teachers' Association meets
at Bedford Springs next year ; we want to
see Someret county there ; we hope to
see yoa there to help us ; we have teach
ers getting fU a month that are worth
$), an-1 we have teachers jrrtting 170 a
month t'nat are not worth 70 cents.
Get the most oat of life that you can ;
don't spend your time ia moorntng over
responsibilities, but reaieroser that to
day is the time in which yon most act ;
don't get beyond the depth of your pu
piis ; don't try to teach them what they
are too young to understand.
Music " Nearer my God to Thee,"
Drvot:onaI Exercises Rev. G ruber, of
Berlin.
Muf-ic
Cotinty Superintendent announced 23-!
present being Z teachers short of the
whole n-imber 271.
Dr. Srydtr continued his talks. He
said :
There are three decrees in thinking
a child thinks in the first degree ; an
adult tfi tiks in the first degree when he
attempt to grasp a morsel of knowledge
for the first time ; it is sometimes called,
confused thinking: the first step in think
ing is directed to wholes, as waen a child
says it is a bitt', aa apple, etc.
The second step is thinking in parts ;
the first step is .sympathetic, the second
step is analytic
Bear in mind the firt step in thinking
is thinking in wholes; on this is built
ail the modern methods of teaching, lvo
aencrantz's Ueunitioa of cleanliness
Cleanliness will cot ensure that things
should linse their proper individuality
through the elemental chaos. D'um
moud sys, law in the visitla is the in
visible ia tne divisible. The child pass
es from the whole to the parts ; by and
by the child will say, the apple is a 'rait.
This is thinking in cliss '.here you
have it all : First, thinking in wholes ;
eexocd, in parts ; third, in classes ; prop-
erty is objectified vtiil ; these long defi
nitions must be thought over, digested,
ju-1 as food mast be digested ; the test of
know lex 'ge is, can, the child give sack to
you whiit it has received from you in
such manner that the thought has Isst
its identity ? Get the chil l's mind di
vorced from objects as sxn as you can ;
take tkvj number six the child may
know six as a whole, but it must learn
the parts 5 and 1 are ', 4 aud 2 are ,
3 times 2 are 'i, 0 times 1 are 6, etc
Whenever a child can't help bat think
the pro'ier result, he understands it ; the
thought has been sank in thm automatic ;
Aotiow w- ' ' - J -AviM
suou.a Kaow ail tne comoinations 1
mean by that all the tables.
He should also know the elements of
common fractions, but teachers must be
careful on the subject of fractions,
and children should, or rather may, be
taken as far as twelfths.
Don't stay too long in illustrative work.
I wou'.l do this work during the first
four yeirs, becanse in thus State, 92 per
cent of the pupils never get oeyond the
fifth year ; they can have decimal frac
tions, also, and the subject is easy, be
cause you have familiarised them with
common fractions ; they can also have a
course ia percentage ; this is also easy,
becaai they have common fractions and
all perntages are reducible to common
fractioTS.
Boys nine and a half years old, on as
average, in the schools of Reading, were j
given the same questions that were after- j
w ir'ls given the teachers, and the chil
dren made 70 per cent, while the teach
ers m.iJe but .j.' per cent both on the
average. This was because the children
had been specially trained oa such solu
tion and the teachers had not; the teachers
had lively been spending their time over
model solutions, and I may say that a
model solution is the most detrimen
tal thing ever put into a text-book ; then
I would give them some knowledaT of in
terest, and it is eAy, because it is ja-4
the same as asking hiaa the price of so
many dollars at so much per dollar ; he
can make a similar calculation regarding
pounds of suirar or yards of calico ; then
I'd give them some knowledge of mensur
ation by drawings, figures, etc.
You mui-tgct children to think in the
abstnutt, but don't foiget that yoa can't
get them to think in the ai-stract until
yoa have got them to think in the con
crete. Courses of study are made, and they are
generally made wrong ; there should be
a cxirse for the first four years ; the times
demand it ; yoa can't force the times to
your schedule, but you can and mtst
bend your schedule to the demands of
the times.
Music by Prof. Smith and the Institute.
Instrjction iu drawing by Prof. Little.
(This taia; was principally confined to
the figures drawn by the instructor, and
cann-it be reproduced here. :
Mcsic, by Prof. Saiilh and the Institute.
Ta.k by Prof. T. B.Noss, of the Califor
nia, l'a. St&te Normal School.
AdjOiirotfd,
WKPSESUAT AFiK3!CO.-N SESSio.
Mcsic by Prof. Smith and the Institute.
Dr. Z. X. Snyder continued his instruc
tion. This was, perhaps, the most interest
ing of the Doctor's talks though all
were interesting, and yet owing to the
perfect jaat in the hall it was entirely
im peristole to makeany report of the talk
in detail. The teachers of Somerset
county tii it have had the privilege of
listening to Dr. Snyder, have had the
oppcrtunity of carrying away with them
many suggestions oa the true methods
of their art that judiciously applied mast
necessarily make them better teachers,
n 1 must make them in consequence
able to send out better scholars from
under their tuition. I say ja Jkioosly ap
plied for what was true more than nine
teen c?nturies agi is equally true to-day.
Ia toe days of the civil wars in Rome
soma Hunan military men were talking
of the riccess of Julius Caesar, some at
tributing it to one thing, some to another,
but one said, "Caesar's plan of battle
answers for Caesar, but no man can copy
it No mia can copy Caesar.
T ie same ie true to-day, with teachers
it is more especially true. The plans and
methods of one man answer for him and
for hirn alone. No man can copy Ih
plans and methods of another and
meet with socress in following tke.
copied plans and methods. Every teach
er must adopt the methods that are pre
sented to him, mast study his adaptation
until b bas menially assimilated it, and
made it his own; bat when he has dons
so, the plan or method ceases to be an
adaptatation, and becon-.es and i3 his own
plan, his own method. Not all teachers
that attend Tea.-l.ers' Instities do so
assimilate th plans aal metSoOs cf
others la;d before thm in the inatrict
ion received, very few indeed are the
ones that do so, the mass become mere
ile copy ista of the work as laid befo-e
them, unchanged, indigested, anassimi
lated. Unto such as do assimilate sad
make their own the pians and methods
giveaTeachenr' Institutes "are a savor cf
life onto life" professionally, and they gt
oa conquering and to conquer, but onto
those that do not. Teachers' Institutes ate
and can only be a "savor of death unto
death," professional ;y, as d sooner or later
soch drop out of Hi. ranks "and the
places that knew them once, kaow thetu
aw more forever," as teachers. But it ia
not meant that all men that leave the
pnfewioti do so for this cause. The causes
are numerous, but it is not necesaanr
to discuss them. One only need be men
tioned and that is increased income.
Wages are too low. Men cannot be ex
pected to work ia the schoolroom effect
ually, to spend their best years in the
schools, for the mere pittance tha' they
generally receive.
Music by Prot Smith and the Institute.
Prof. Little continued his instructions
on the subject of Drawing.
The talks were Terr w!l receiv
ed by the teachers present and have been
exceedingly interesting. Bat the instruc
tion given, t'arousrhoiit, by Prof. Little
has been so connected with the drawings
on the black-board, that it is entirely,
impossible to report it, so as to render
any satisfaction.
Music by Prof. Smith and the Institute.
Intermission.
Music by Prof. Stnith and the Iu.titut.
Taik by Prof. T. B. N s.
Prf. Noes his m often appeared be
fore the Teachers' Institute of Somerset
county, and is so well known to them all.
that it is needless to sar tha he received
a hearty welcome.
Music by Prof. Smith and the Institute,
This was Directors' Day and the court
house was jammed : ail available room
for either sitting or standing being taten
remarks by many persons, and
the announcements by the County Super
intemlant and Music by Prof. Smith the
Institute w
Adjourned.
WEOSafeDAY EVENiN.. SKssloN.
Solo by Miss Fee "A bunch of wild
roses, "Encore, responded tx
U lArtVtte-bv membera of thu Ind:tnu
I Piano by Prof. Smith, Musical IHrector.
Encore.
The County Superintendent then in
troduced toe lecturer of the evening. Rev.
J.M-Buckley, of New York, in his lecture,
entitled, "Dollars and Cent." A highly
respectable city missionary was obliged
to leg his bread from door to door, and
being asked why one who had spent his
life in doing good should be so reduced
replied that be supposed it was because
he had preached so long without notes.
The Old Testament says that nnnev
answers all things, and the New says the
j love of money is aroot of all evil.
I'm not going to pre, a sermon : I was
cured of substituting a sermon for a lec
ture in Steubenville. Ohio.
I've never before spoken in a hall so
long as this in proportion t.. its width ;
ira anit new vr.s.M. u , .
SS-S. fJUUH SUUI . Ol UK; . 1 r'-
tureis entitled 'pilars and Cents." I've
seen it advertised "Dollars and Sense."
I delivered this lecture once in England
and advertised it as pounds, shillings and
pence.
The best definition of money was made
in this country. Varioos substances hare
been made use of to circulate as money.
Gold, Silver, Platinum, Copper. Iron,
Leather aud Tobacco. Lycorgns of Greece
madehismoneyof iron. an lof leather. So
long as the Spartans retained the use of
this money they were invincible, but
when he had passed away arI other
substances were used they speedily be
came enervated and subjected to other
powers.
The human hand is a soft thin. but it
can wear away a hard thin;; so can
the human foc'L Who invented r.vns is
not known. There are no pure gold and
silver coins, because they would be too
soft and would soon wear awav. The
only country that ever issued coins of
pure metal was Tuscany and they joon
became so worn that the Tuscans dis
continued the use of pure metal for coin
age. The rirg on coin was invented for
the purpose of preventing the clipping of
it. A million of dollar would weigh
Okl pounds. Men can carry bnt little
money in gold, and lew in silver. Bank
ing originated in necessity. The necesi
tr for a place of deposit, t Henry Ward
Beecher once said, however vat the im-
portance of anything may be tbe rais
in? or lowering of a window is of vastly
more importance.) Money ehaniring is
another phaseoftheca.se. I've ?wen in
a country where a money changer was
obliged to have the money of twenty
countries oa his table for the purpose of
mazing change.
The most wonderful thing I've ever
seen was a letter of credit I once carried,
and I've been on the highest mountains
of the world except tkose of India, an I
I've seen all the great cities of the world.
On the letter of credit were the names of
bankers in every city in the world.
Commerce is the daughter of religion
Christianity follows Commerce.
During the war how was money rais
ed ? The tOTernment had the pewer to
make its notes s legal tender, and they
did so. and there was relief. I once
bought K10 of Confederate rnonty for
VI cent. Beautiful menev, bit tbev were
worthless. A man once carried in
gold, and wanted to charge it for Green
backs with Jzy Cooke, and when Cocke
asked him what denomination he want
ed, he replied he would take P-ap-tist,
anil the heft of it in old sch-wjl Pres
byterian. Bears on Wall street are so called he
cause of the habit the bear Las of pulling
things down scratching them down.
Bulls on acconnt of their way of fight
ing patting their heads 9 na and i 1
denly toswing everything into the air. I
went down on Wall street the other day
with a Christian Banker and Broker,
there are such ; we are trrtstevs of the
same benevolent instigation.
Unasked whether I was nt afraid to
go into Wall street, I replied n', and toM
hiai that I had once put some mon-y in
to Wall street and got oatrs much as I
evpe-te.L What did you put it intosaid
be. Ia the Seamen's Saving' Lank, said
I ; oh, yos, said be. The Seamen's Savings
Bank is ol Wall stret There Isn't a
Bank in the Tnited States that can pay
the amount of its indebtedness tomor
row, nor a great mercantile bouso that
woaldnt break op if suddenly called on
to pay its obligations.
In the Bible, usury and simple interest
are the same thing. The laws of ths
CortsArW 0SJ tr?fll pitt. J
I
6