a
Somerset Herald
he
krms of Publication.
V - . I
aita"
o-rwa (I M
.III. n p
iau
repei4 P
utl'T
ita 4ntvm tha no
rpef
Tte Somerset Herald,
Someraet. Pa.
'?rrwBIE-sECKER,
C -CTV cfTTT
guwntt Pa.
Sum ns Pa.
T, x.-t-t
Sommt, Pa.
i
"i ENDS LEY.
?- r" rruKSET-ATXW,
Somert,P
TTub EY-AT LAW,
Sua eret,F-
'1 B.
U .ttuEY-ATAW.
Soaoenet, Fa
ud ad otnlmr ntl-
Q .
' W. H. BCPFEL.
NffrothRUPPEU
, t 1 -
. y .IM K
1 .--.--.a entrusted U in w w -
C OOLBUR.
"l Suiaue raaeuaable "-
U.' .
- . . . ,T T'AAYT?
I , Someraet,
f - PTJiun How
vamTmeyer?.
J"" ATTORNET-AT.
I , entreated u htere will bo
r 4 VES L. FUGH.
AUR rT. 5
A .,! with promy
J 1T.ITTS, ..,
ATTORNEY ATXAJT
a. tp!- to X unapt" Blur-
ATTO; r. - -
Steraet,Pa.
. .. . . ,, trl til hit OT
'Si ud Weuvx. wow " "
TTENRYF. PCuHU
Jl ATTOBSE1-ATLAW.
rtr ud Pnfc A.
Pk.
j -in IS IIMMU P.C-
"r'-TrrvTlVP WAY. ' -
-i-t ndety.
OHN H. UHL.
ATTU-ET-AT UAW
-;U p-BMlT anewt to -1 bMln
G. OGLE.
A TTt )R ET -AT- - ,
Somrn Pa
i.t k-iIkmi Mtn utd to T ear at.
v wi prumpta and ndlUj.
J. M. LOUTHER,
-M ; liK pTUtrkn. U doon Wrtt (
o HiU In ' Dn Sura. a?a
D
R. L Y. BLOUGH,
E0PirHC PBTSICAS ASD SVSGEOS
TnWrt hto mrrtnt to U PP- f S.uaii"t
rtonn torarr c r t d, o bptt
S-iu u apra-Mit
DR. H. S. KDIMEL
ttr.il ai prwll ira to taa rltt
. - ol S.'erand Tmmiy. Val prewartoa
i axtft he b b loual at hi otfiea, oa Xaia
si cui uf c lmtin'i.
D?w H. BRUEAKER tenders his
i-rnfmhUI MTlffl to t rttlKrBJ f
DR. WM. RACCH tenders hia
f ! leTTh-c to Um ettlaei if of Som-
Um uh iuur tut of W tdo A BorkobOa'f
iiiian norm.
Ine .l. CL
D
1't rp-il tttentioa to the Pwen ratloa of
SH.aKKjtar. r A-
at ,-;. ne-n. Animal tet luinM. u
oeniMu g iru-f tatiiartorT. DUlca la
-t bUKi, f ir. Latraaoa uttt dMY waat
J n Jrwt.rj Sum u ortK
DR. JOHN B1U,
I) EXT 1ST.
I'Sau itaJninCoi a B nu.Blork , Somt-
-.Pv
n?-WILLIAM COLLINS,
17 CE5TIST, SJ EKS ET, PA.
L'tVa 5tt.ita Block, abo I BcTd I Prof
y aen in eaa at all UM b ttmni prvpar-
4c ai iinji ot work, nrb aj BUlnar rara
amnMitB ac. ArUfiMaltotliof allUsda,
"""I - Beat aiartai acnaa. UpmU oo
Irani
D
P T L' IIIItl'D a
- wealed m iferiTa lor too prwun i
jt- inne oLfMano jnarwa unwiw
"aa apr. ; Tvt
ra vtna rifnniH. GcwlaaS
-eat penan and DT all 70a will
rt 'rr a pa'Kaa of goudfl ot Urn
. ia, l nuiun 70a IB won
am tt ia, rrm ta gr taatir thaa
rJaw rlw :a Am-rVa. All abvat IM
prii with earh hn. Arantu wantad j-3w'-JariM.a1all
in, fur aa ttio tloia.
a mj. to woi a arjat therr oam
r..rtaim T:r w irkara ato)at1y a.
-. Ka to,r H. U-ujct fcCow PorUaod,
Sf: .
W FUBlifSHtMB BQODS
HATS AHD CAPS.
Stark a all FEW. aad ka bra
DUCTED WITH GREAT CARE.
It ta rit a(
Cast, Scarf Tas, SleeT 2at-
Sii i Lire, 2ser
siisi, Siirts, r2errer,
2i7, Uzfcre-as. Sx.
t.Cy 1 It. Tha irtlrl arr too uiwioaa
rTvil?-. -3, SI-I AT POPl LAE
EV5::ta
I'Al.L L. CASEBEER.
D LUSTRA TUB- 50TICP.
E! Sk. ec d Wta f
W3-1,,llnalB aa the abara eate
M aad ta tba asdaralawd br taa
mZL?l7 - la ht.byia -all
iilj.tk If- et. mtm the
.. .e!t laew. daly aataceuc Mad for
H1UAM SHAl LIS.
JlUUHJ.eH.nJS.
Admiuttraton.
7
1
tie
VOL. XXXTV. NO. 3.
ESTABLISHED 1847.
The Oldest Business Bouse in the City.
You are respectfully invited to call
:r,tq-s,
TH. SIIEMEO 111 tlfFIHM MIS ill MS.
FULTS2
TO BE FOUND IN WESTERN PENN'A.
Our Goods are Warranted to be
- .... ., t
lASU, witnm tne reacn 01 au persons needing mem.
SMOKE STACKS AXD JSEEECHIXGS FOE EXGIXES MADE
TO ORDER.
TIN ROOFING, SPOUTING and JOBBING
Of all kinds in Tin, Copper and Sheet-Iron Ware, Promptly attended to
at Lowest Rates. Order SoIi-ited ram MenhanU S'lhnj Gxl
in Our Line.
FttAJSTZ "W. Ev.-T,
2S0 Washington Street, - Johnstown, Pa.
P. S. Look For 2Iy Xame on Ike Window.
Samito. Fox.
Josia Wot.
mm FEETIL1ZEE CDMPilY.
MASUFACTltZtS OF
PURE BOHE HEAL
AXD
DISSOLVED BONE.
These Grade of Phoapbatei Manufactured and
kept Cortatly Hand:
IMTEMAL. - -EXCELSIOR.
-
ACID, - - -
- Ammooiataa
Raw-B-JlMd.
- Fhofphat.'
Oar faebrirj new operation, ImaMiliatelj
South ot the town of Somerset, on the Hoe ot the
old eanerM fc Mineral Point Kallruad. Wa
BuBaiMtaraDoaa but
ST.LXDARO GOODS
aurutM.&U tbat ve tvni ovt. Oar FertilUcri
an no
BEST IN THE MARKET.
Onr foreman. J. A. 'Johoaoa. a with Joshua
Horner, ot Kaltiowra. tor oer VI Team. The ra
pacity of our Ka.tcr7 U 10 tons per dar. w a take
rJooei in exrttanica tor Phoapliatea. Farmer! and
ktbers can ipaa onay by catbartny op ail
bxnee on their fremiaa, aad bringing tnem to ui.
All wa ak la tnat oar Qooda
22 crTir l rA t:al,
With any and all othera oflered fa the market.
Wa are hero to nay, and our rooda tp for
themtelvea Wa harm Br-ei u railroad lacili
Uv tor ahtpping.
TAIL ORDERS FILLED PROMPTLY.
la Madlnc toot order, addre
apt-Ma.
IOMERIIT. PA.
CURTIS K. GROVE.
(Eat from Court Home.)
Somerset, Penn'a.
JfaaBfactararel
BIGGIES,
SLEIGHS,
CARRIAGES,
SPRISGJFAGOSS,
BECK WAGONS,
AXD EASTERN AND WESTER- WORK
Fvr&iahed eou&hort Kotlee.
Painting Done oa Snort Tine.
X y work il mad oat of ITUmfUi Seaaaaea
W ea and the Set Jraa aaa StttL. eabetaB-
Ually CoB-raeted, Neatly Fin-had, aad
WvrantH ( Gte SatUacriao.
Z Znpicy- Cslj Frt-Class rkaen.
Repairing-of AD K todBjIJne Pone on Short
Kotlce. PICES REASONABLE, and
All Work Warranted.
Call aod Eiam ma my Stork, aad Utra Prieaa.
I do Wacaa-wark, aad tarniaa SetT air Wlnd
Kllla. Keffer the place, aad call ta.
CURTIS K. GROVE,
( Eajt of Ooart Boom, )
anrso-lyr. SOMERSET. PA.
THE EQUITABLE
life Assmsce dpi of fke
niM Stales.
Hen ry B. Hyde, Preset.
120 BROADWAY. N. Y.
81 CHEAPISDE. LONDON.
ASSETS - - $53,030,58.
SURPLUS
INCOME
- 12,109,756
13,470.571
New Assurance written in
1S83, $81,129,756.' Paid to
policy holders during the last
24 years, $73,877,699.
The Society u written, dartsa; the peat twaa
ty yaart. aa aawrasrate aavaut cf new amna oa
larrer thaa u bcea wttttca by aay ether eaai
Bany ia the world.
The fnrpta reader the Seoy. eaa fbarper
rent, aalaauaa, to nter thaa that oi any eU ier
Ilia ianu KVeampaay ia the world.
Taa Kocitabi L, itu AaacBAam Sociktt la -
a p J m aad at Tteaoctraet a eiawa. free
r at' tomuao e and taehnleal euadluaaa. aad
LND1SPI IAJJL JS after three year. AU BoU
rtee, aa ooa a they beccfl e tedifpaUbla. are
payable DI MEDIATE-V Bpoa auaiae(ury
proof W daath. aad a legal tUm aa. wn-oat the
delay uul with ether eiapaa iea. H Utii
rao r rjrlTT, the beaeocury af aa qmlta.
We policy ia aut aly aTd frua a annoy tag d.lay
and expenma. bwt reraiTe paeaaiary lellel aa
quickie a rf the anmant ef the amtUM had
beaa in rooted ia a bond of the UoaatBeat of the
t'ntted State-
W. Frank Gaul,
Sptl Ant for Somen! Co.
1 j
EGAL NOTICE.
reWtnta i A. Brat-tar. efFonrfa, Illtaala.
loaech Brahaker. ef Kew (-oria. a'aaiiaa.
Kate Faarl or MMea. CaaaNia Vaaaty.
fx-, eaa Slater, of oowaa a a. Iowa, tw a at
arr W lU't heir. Tli : Margie Witt aad Mta
ale WlU. of Juhaa-wa. Caahrta Uewaty, Pa j
aad Sarah W altar. ta-iHag aiOoiawwa, Caa
tar Ooantjt, . a. :
Yea are raby aottted tiat In paraijiiwo ef a
Writ ot part trlua lapsed ewt the twsaaaa' Caart
of So "fertOKanty. Pa.. I wal he aa iaqaeatoB
the areMa, um the n al aatam at At ah aa Bra
h tar. Mi. auaata ia Shad Tw a- Ijiaawnat
te..raoa TaMday.Ue Tth day ef Jaly. laaa,
waea aod where yea eaa attaad at yea -dak
iniMr.
johx wcrrnis.
Sheriff OAee, I SherlfL
May r, HaA. i
and examine the largest assortment of
stoyes,
CLC7HZS
r.ATvrpsTlTe,,
aa Represented, and PRICES NET
t: 1
SOMERSET COUNT! BANK !
(ESTABLISHED 1877.)
CEiELE. 1. EAIEISOH. It 1 FBHTS.
President Cashier
OoUecUau Bade ta all part of the TalUd
Sutea.
CHAEQES MODEBA.TE.
Partlea wtrhtnar to tend mowry Wwt eaa be as
eommwlated by draft aa New Tor ta asym.
Collection! made with promptneaa. I S. BofMla
boaaht aa.1 told. Moaey and TalaeMea feenrad
by ucm ot Dtefcoid's eeiebrated taiea, with a Sar
gent a Yala taov M ue lock.
ACCOUNTS SOLICITED.
aV-AU lecal holidayi ooMred.t
Aubbt A. Koma
J. Scon Wabd,
HORKE t WARD
acccasanaa to
EATON & BROS,
X0. 27 FIFTH AYE-iUE,
PITTSBURGH, PA.
SjPRIIG, 1885.
NEW GOODS
ZTT-S.? IA7 STZCIiLTI-S
lab-tdariaa, Ucet, lilliaary, Wkitt Goodi, Haad
kerckiefs, Orm Triamlar, Hosiery, Clave,
Cerae- Mali! aad aria Udraaar, ta
aaV aa Chitdr' Clcttia J. Fancy
Goads, Vara, Z,kyrt, Bita
rials f All Kiads far
FCY WORK,
Gents' Fmli Goals, it, 4c.
TOVB rATBOBA-B IS aBBFBCTFtTLLT OUXTrCS.
K)rdeTS by Mail attended to with Prompt
ness and Dispatch.
POLLS
"THE OLD RELIABLE."
25 YEARS IN. USE.
I6t-a-t Kadieal Tnttnrpk gf the Aga.
Incloraed all over the World.
SYMPTOMS OF A
TORPID LIVER.
Lossofappetlta. Nausea, bowels cos
tive, Pajnm the Head. with a dijll sen
aation.i the bat c part. Pain under
the shoulder blad fall ese after eat
ing, wit a dismclination toexertign
6l body or ii d, irritability of tetcr
er, Low spirits s of memory .with
a feeling of hiiig neglected some
daty, weariness. Dizziness, Fltttter
tng of the Heart, Dots before the eyes.
Yellow Skin. Headache.Restlossnesa
at night, highly coloredUnne.
nr tesss WARjrnrGs akx tjs-0,
sua 73 turn' ii secy si sitzuu.
TtTTTI FILLS are especially adapted to
aocti caoea, ooe doaa etfect auch a change
of fceliacc a to aMonish the aufTerer.
They 1 aerrae. tiae A spetl . and canes
tba body to Take oat I'lna, thas tlte v
tem ia aawrlahed, and try their Tosiie
tMLttmm oa the IMaaaUie rara a. itw
ar aea are prrvlnced. Pru-e rent.
TU1T. UAIli DYE.
Gbat RAntorWK rcca ehaiured to a
Gumwt Black by a aiaajlo appltcaiiod ot
till 1TB- It imp ru a nanuul color, acts
luarantananaaly. Sold by Druargls , or
ant by ezwreaa oaa raeeinc of a I.
tifficw. 44 Murray St- Mew Yor
FASHIONABLE
CUTTER & TAILOR,
iwaa ay eau ap.
ea ate and taror
e with their pat.
ruMra.
1'
Wl. K. If OCH8TE I-EBt
lwienlt Pa.
CHARLES HOFFjMAN,
IIERCHAIIT TAILOR.
UomHaurHat-r1 Otaaa-
inT STTLES C3 UTIST HICII
tTSATlSFICTlOH GUARAHTEED.
SOMERSET ?.
Cataract Z3lulness Cared.
OR.iiar.te aad
Talaable I.twraiatiM
With Rufliaaiaa froi a ait Se b
C3
f taa
w,aa-. IM o4 T-raaU,
raj 1 1 any aliliaai
Crooked Eyaa Sti.Uh-nad, Bpae
(BbR Ki tm tm. " toot, li.
ft Jb;-T.a& Hartoghadjany
L" rV year experience
AeSf ! 1 fa all branrhe of
If - 1 'a a TaUoelna baa.
J f tneee. I -araatae
-4 ti Sau alaeu oa to all
:l.fl..,.nJ
omeF
FOR BIS SAKE.
Hold closer stiU my hand, dear love.
Nor fear ita touch will soil thine own ;
No palm ia cleaner now than this,
60 free from earth stain has it ft -own
Since last you held it clasped to close,
And with it held my life and heart ;
For my heart beat bat in your sniUe.
And life were death we two apart.
I loved you so. And you ? Ah, well 1
I hare no word or thought ot bUme ,
And eyen now my voice grows low
And tender, whispering your name.
You gauged my lore by yours that's all.
Tdo not think you understood ;
There is a pjint you men can t reach,
l'p the white height of womanhood.
You lore us so at least you say.
With many a tender amile and word ;
You kin as both on mouth and brow
Till all our heart within is stirred ;
And baring, unlike you, you see.
No other interests it state,
We give oar beet :, and count that dealt 1
Is blest when suffering for your sake.
THE AMERICAN NAVY.
Admiral Porter History ot Its
plolta Daring The Rebellion.
Ex-
Admiral David D. Porter is wrU
ting a "History of the iNavy uunng
the Civil ar. He expects to com
Anrin th nrtntir.tr s,tinnnn
tK.eri cfK ,ni.nArint!
of theworkisalreadv in the hands
of the Sherman Publishing Com-
pany. It will be an octavo volume
of over nine hundred pages. The
announcement will come as a sur
prise to some of the youager citi
zens of the literary world when it is
remembered that Admiral Porter is
not only seventy-two years ot age,
but that he has just issued to the
world a OUO-page novel written in
six months, and that he has now
two books, each of GOO pages, in
press. And this vigor and industry
are accompanied by the fact that
hardly a tinge of gray has made an
appearance in his chestnut-colored
hairnd that his wiskers only show,
as he puts it, "about one hairju
ten gray, and a little gray hair un
der the jaw."
The scope of the work embraces
not merely the service of the Navy,
but that of the Army where the
two co-operated. A great deal of
. . r
space is given to tne narrative oi
some of the graver L-sues of the
war. for example, tne cnapter on ;
.. , . 1 .
the momentous contest of the Iron- known to these disloyal officers, al-
clads Merrimac and Monitor is of'though not to the Government, for!
sixtv-five large manuscript pagt-s,
and on the siege of Vicksburg three
ionir chapters are given. In a chat-
ty note to the publisners, Admiral
Porter says: "I have spoken very
fairlv of many of the Confederate
officers ; many of them were gallant
men. and gave us a great deal 01
trouble; they snowed indomitable
spirit and energy- ronowing are
given extracts of the work, taken
somewhat at random.
THB WORK OF TRAITORS.
The manner in whiih the South
ern leaders prepared for rebellion by
crippling the Nation's Navy, and
the success ot tne uovernment in
restoring it to usefulness, are des
cribed as folows by Admiral Porter-
When Mr. Tousey handed over
the Navy Department to Mr. Wells
it was in a rathr demoralized con
dition. Southern officers were re
signing right and left. Officers of
the Bureau even were talking of go
ing with their SUte, and there was
a want of confidence in all quarters.
When men who bad held tbe high
est and moot influential positions
in the Navy came forward and offer
ed their resignations there was ap
parently no one upon whom the
Secretary could rely ; distrust seem-
A rrt r .rvflA .varv hrxnih of the
naval service. No commander could i
be sure who would be laithlul to
the flag, and the Secretary of the
Navy could not be certain of South
ern men being true to the Govern
ment It was a bad state of affairs
for a Secretary to commence his ad
ministration with, but the eventful
year lS61-'02 will show that the op
erations and achievements of the
Navy were such that great credit j ing himeell unable to cope wun tne
was reflected not onlv upon the De-1 difficulties of the situionummon
partment but upon the personnel of jed to the Navy Deptrtment Com
the service, which so signally aided 4 modore Hiram Patling, a loyal
i).. N.nrtmnt in mrrvinc Dot the I officer, but who was declining in
measures tending so greatly to crip
i
ple the Confederate cause.
Some there were, who, ribels at
heart and purpose, held for sever-
al years previous to the
war bigb
nneitinna in the Administration Pre-
ceding that of Mr. Lincoln, and had i for he felt that these officers were I The people of Norfolk and Ports
done all thev could to dispose of inimical to the Govenment and be mouth were wrapped in slumber.
used
. . J ,. .1 , .
in overt rii Trmin netwffn
the North and South. The ol ject ' of bureaus lor otnrs mat were were so essential to tne community r "' 'VA "c V u , T '
wastodestror ail its resources, to I known to be loyal. The Depart- would be a mass of ruins, and hnn- we ?ret lal lJ?e .?PPor-; of General Grant s staff, hastily col
criuple the avv yards, dismantle ' ment did not seem tc reflect that ajdreds of people would be without! tunity did not serve to make r oote a ; lected some scattered guns and plac
iviikifto -a jo.e, ..:.u .- .t , 1. -.i . e i Rear Admiral and fnve some nromo-' rl th.m wK.r. th.r amihl n!:iv on
ik. or h.c. fr,m at niwiAni
stations. &o as to render it impossi-1
ble for the navy to strike an offen- j
sive blow, or, if possible, to throw;
the ships and yards into the hands
r .
of the Secessionists
It may be supposed by those un
familiar with the events of the times
that the Rebellion was the result
of measures forced upon the Sooth
just previous to the election of Abra
ham Lincoln, and that in his elec
tion they saw the death blow to the
hopes they had cherished of extend
ing slavery into new States and Ter
ritories. If any one supposes that
the Rebellion was an impulsive
measure, let him dismiss such an
idea, for I was told by a Southern
Senator in ISOOtbatas far back as
1S55, when the Colorado class ofjteered for the servie olUkmg the
ahin mm hnilL he and others had
voted to have them . and all other
veMls bnilt of such a sixe and such
draft of water that they could not
enter any southern porta: so it
seems that the thought of secession
had been maturing for years, and
while Southern statesmen were ap
parently urging the building of large
vessels instead of small ones on the
ground that tbe dignity of the na
tion called for these cumbersome
structures, it was really for the pur
pose of crippling the Government in
case the Southern States should se
cede. Had our Navy at
!riiif-rl nf.nm. erinhriata
nr dozen monitors, the lbeilioniNavTtoretthelteiTimacoutattheibest government on earth; they
v" ' ...
would have been unable to raise ita
bead, l et with all the experience
we have had before ns we are at the
present time in a worse condition
set
KST-YBr-IStiKD 1827.
SOMERSET, PA., WEDNESDAY.
I than we were at the breaiicg out of
the Rebellion.
When President Lincoln entered
upon tbe duties of hia office hia pos
ition toward Virginia dinered some
what trom that which b assumed
toward the States farther Sooth. It
was deemed desirable that the Gov
ernment should do nothing to wound
the eecsative feelings of the Virgin
ians, and General Scott, the General
in-Chief of our Army, was particu
larly solicitous that the Government
should give the State of Virginia no
excuse to secede. There were sever-
al reasons for the extra tenderness
toward Virginia; one of the princi-
pal navy yards, filled with bouth-
em officers, was within the limits of
the State. The commanding officer,
Commodore McCauley, was consider-;
edloyal and had inhis day stood high
in the service, but be was now old,
and at a time when, he should have
maintained his self-possession he ap
peared to have completely lost hia
head.
The Secretary of the Navy, Mr.
Wells, knew very little of the condi
tion ofiairs in his department. His
position wa3 a difficult one for a
man advanced in years, for the du
ties were complicated, and such as
. j only an expert could be expected to
mhom. Air. ells was surrounded
with officers and clerks whose loy-
lty was doubted, and one bureau
the Department m particular,
presided over bv an officer of South
ern birth and of National reputation,
was the headquarters of navy officers
who were uiottinz the downfall of
the country to which they owed
their position and whatever impor
tance they posseessd.
A short time before Fort Sumter
was fired upon the commandant of
the Washington Navy Yard gave a
large party at his quarters, on the j from being obstructed,
occasion of the marriage of his daugh- Even when the yard was aban
ter, to which the President and his , doned and the buildings set fire to.
Cabinet were invited. A number of j the work was done in a panic in
1 - 1 . I 1 .. ... n.(uanf vKInk ik. nAnlcl eurta At ta m if
and the house was everywhere fes-
. v .
toned with the Americas flag, even
to the bridal bed. Yet, just after
Sumter was fired on, the command
command uncluding bis new son-
inlaw), resigned their commissions
and leiUhe Washington Navy Yard
a " I A r A . . f
to take care of itself. At that very
time the secession of Virginia had
1, , 1 .
oeen resoivea upon, . wuitu wiu ;
tne action of the Secessionists
had
!i J T 1 .11 . I . I
oeeuoeiayeu uu aepfl ,
and enable the conspirators to seize
the public property at Sorfolk and
elsewhere to help them to carry out
their designs. Y"
THE KORFOLK NAVY YARD.
The destruction of the Navy Yard
at Norfolk and the events and cir
cumstances of which it was the re
sult, are dwelt upon at length :
At one time it was even thought
doubtful if Washington could be
held, as the peopl- at the North, un
prepared for such an emergency,
were slow in getting troops to the
capital. Those who had been plot
ting against the Government in the
Navy Department felt such that the
Norfolk Yard would fall into the
hands of the Secessionists, as every
thing possible had been prepared
for that event They lost do oppor
tunity to impress upon the mind of
the Secretary of the Navy the im
portance of doing nothing to offend
theState of Virginia and give it an ex-
cuse for seceding from the Union on j years accumulating, especially Bince
thegronnd of "State rights," which i he was aware that most of the de
meant that the Government should jstruction might easily have been
exercise no authority over its own prevented had not so many days
property withinthe limits of a seced-1 been lost in deciding what to do.
ing State. The Navy Department But the fiat bad gone forth, the ma-
at that moment seemed powerless to
preserve the public property at Nor-
folk against tne
rebel troops then
assembled in t lrginia. uenerai
Scott threw cold watei on every at
tempt to hold the 'orfolk Navy
Yard on the ground that be had no
troops to spare, as he could not de
plete Fortress Monroe which must
be had at all hazards.
The Secretarv of th Navy, find-
, , 1
) ears aiid not f quai it a position
which rtquires not enly enerey of
mind but great bodily vigor. Com
modore Paulding broie up the con
clave which was in the habit of
meeting in the Bureat of Ordnance,
i v- v- ccotA r.r.;ilfJ I
v vo t;unc woe wti v icu
lew ariiieu lotwionia w itu uiaiiuca
on board could have Been sent from j
New York to tow all the vessels un- j
der the guns of Firtress Monroe, j
One tug with a twerty-iour pound j
i i i i i l . i j !
nowuzeron ooaru, prpeny oauuieu to tire inepuoiic property, wmmo
would have been mater of the situ- dore McCauley had gone to bed that
tion. acd if the Na Department ( night worn out with excitement and
had displayed a littkcomtnon sense anxiety under the impression that
in this emergency tie Government! the force that had arrived at Nor
would have been savd deep humili- folk was for the purpose of holding
ation and a lose in sips, euns and
stores not easy to repir.
The disloyalty wiich existed to
such an extent anvng the officers
did not at that tin extend to the
mechanics, for the.' worked night
and day until the Jerri mac's ma
chinery was repaird. Then fifty-
four firemen and cot-heavers volun-
I Merrimac out. Th work was all
I done with the cooent of Comrao-
1 dore McCauley, butwhen he was
i formed that everyttng was ready
fire up. he replied iiat next morn-
mg would be trie enough. At ;
midnight the fires vere started and '
the engines worker, at the dock and
fonnd to be in cod order. Next ;
morning the Cmmandant was ;
again informed tht everything waa ; destruction, and mothers, clasping
readv, but he relied that he had : their children to their breasts be
not decided to Bed the shin out It I wailed the fact that cut them and
was m vain tnaue was reminded
of theperemptor character of the
. ., . , , I
order which Mr Isherwood had ,
hroutriSt from th SecretarT of the t
1 1
rarlHvt nofcible moment : be only i
replied that he wiuld let his decia-;
inn hm known irthe coarse of the !
' day. He gave reasons that ob-i
JULY I, IS85.
!structioo3 bad been placed ia the
channel, but when assured that
they could be safely passed and that
e-ery moment increased the danger,
he gave orders to hau the ores, and
thus tbe noble Merrimac was finally
lost to OS.
It is difficult at this late date to
interoret the motives that influenc -
ed the Navy Department and the.
Commandant at Norfolk. Indecis
ion seemed everywhere to exist,
and some of the best c Ulcers in the
1 Navy were apparently quite dazed
j at tb,e course which events were
taking. Commodore McCauley at
j one time was master of the situation
j and with promptness and decision
j might have saved all the ships,
j guns and stores, even if he judged it
advisable to abandon the navy yard
j The Commodore probably thought
; that by retaining tbe Merrimac and
her battery he would have a strong
force to repel any attack that might
be made from the outside. The old
Commodore, who had fought gal
lantly for his country in former
days was completely acquitted of
anything like Jisloyalty by the offi
cers who were sent down to take the
Merrimac away from Norfolk, but it
is unfortunate that he did not show
more decision of character when the
crisis came upon him
Every officer connected arith the
Norfolk navy Yard came in for a
share of censure, which is not to be
e-wrH ;re1 at trKnn it ia
now known
that everv shin and eun could have
! been saved. The broadsides of the
i r,.,mninan -Kich all Toady'
frtr con ur.il nr.lv a ' ! 1 n (T a. rrpwr rr
the Plvmonth in the same condition
would, with a few men on board,
have secured the navy yard against
attack, overawed Norfolk and Ports-
mouth, and. prevented the channel
I. ...... ,r ,
1 nave lost tneir neaas. ine aeiruc-i 7. --- . .
!tion took place when the Yard hadif0"1 veslaie5l "f1
Ibeen reinforced by a regiment of j dtro-v F or oa;
Massachusetts volunteers,
nna.
I ',! .-,-,.Aw Hhi a lit- . w f-1 a
of fifteen guns, had brought Commo-j FHrTSnrwtd
dure Paulding from Washiucton i J ntttf,tS
with in, truct.ons to save what hejni to Ufc
'could and act as he thought proper,
i All the guns in the navy yard had
l : 1 1 . . u l n ....... r
umu epi-eu, u mc c-ywu- v
some two hundred; as well as tnose
on shipboard, except five heavy guns
on a side on board the Pe rylvania
l :-U ..,..I ..t.l r .nj.l
- ...v '7r"rFetx Doaelabut they could ob-
men on
ance to
lr.1 nlrl k hi.l ilri-1
- r-. . , j :
itJ reoeis in arms, ana,
had Norfolk and Portsmouth under
her gans until every ship was haul
ed out of harm's way. After the ar
n i t . iarnnA had made the
yard doubly secure the shells were
drawn from the Pennsylvania's guns
and the guns spiked. The whole
thing looked so hopeless to Co rum o-
.-,.-, Pauli1inv that in via. nf tn.
n
Al utv a --i. it.ta a j u wmw -v i
partment not to let anything fall
into the hands of the rebels, he de
termined to destroy everything. In
stead of taking out the Merrimac he
took the Cumberland, which vessel
was of comparatively little use.
It must have been a painful alter
native to that faithful old officer.
Commodore Paulding, who abhorred
everything in the shape of rebellion
to be obliged to apply the torch to
,v,t,;e; .v.;r ftV, V-- rwt
destroy the other valuable material
the Government had been so many
nia for destruction had seized upon
everyone, as we see boys go mad
over the burning of a hayrick which
they have set fire to in wanton sport
All the ships except the Cumber
land were tilled with combustibles
aud the whole saturated with oil
and turpentine. Tbe shiphouses
and other buildings were prepared
in the same manner and nothing
left to chance so that the rebels
could derive any benefit from what
was left behind. The fine dry dock
that had cost millions to build was
undermined, and a hundred men
ran to and fro with Leavy hammers
trying to knock off the trunions of
the heavy guns, but with few ex
ceptions, these attempts were fail
ures. It was a beautiful starlight
nizht night, April 20lh, when all
the preparations were completed
.l . ,v: a ..ki; ..!,
ine euiim uuu uuoitu nuns iv
pmniovmeci ana witnout ioou ion
their families. The Pawnee had
towed the Cumberland out of the
reach of the fire, and laid at anchor
to receive on board those who were
. i . f .
the yard and relieving him of res-
r.il ilitw .nrl whan hawaa rallnl
r .S'. . ... ... .
up at midnight and informed than
1 . . . .... I
the torch would be applied to every
thing he could hardly realize the
situation, and was chagrined and
mortified at the idea of abandoning
his post without an attempt to de
fend it At 2:30 a. m. April 21, a
rocket from the Pawnee gave the sign
other ships acd buildings were ig-
nited and tne surrououmg country
brilliantly illuminated,
The inhabitants of Norfolk and
Portsmouth roused from their slum-
bers looked with awe at the work of
. rr : oc . U :
tneir onspnng ou .mux mtu tujr
port ' Yet this waa bat a just retri-
bution for the treason wl
hich the in-
habitants bad shown toward tne
bad killed the goose that laid
1 1 -11 .a -t ,
the
golden egg. . '
army an a navt at fort henrT
In the chapter devoted to "The
nrl th wnrlr nf rlc tmrfi nn tran meniOEfO. rl AU 111 e uaz
i .i - a, : --a : i ..i hi. r-maininir rnnh.-!tt naat . the enemv.
i wiu i u iw t ct iiu. iv, au c win .. ..-p, e, i i
in. titM bKa m a Tmt Rhwit of flame. In i the battenes at niiiat wnen ine carx- uau
eralclo
Capture of Fort Henry by the
a vy. Admiral forter says :
Grant knew the nature of those
works better than any other officer, j to purue when possession of the
and saw that Bowling Green and ! forts was secured.
Columbu3 could botb be turned as; All connected with th capitula
soon as Henry and Donelson lelL j tion were seaud around the table on
Halleck and others were making board the Harriet Lane with the ar-
i great strategic movements which
amounted to nothing, but Grantjed them, as had Commander Ren-
ept -lamina ste&aiiy nxea on
these two forts, knowing the effect
their fall would have. On the 2dd
of January Grant visited Halleck
at St. Louis and urgently requested
permission to make th attempt to him urgently to come on deck. He
take Forts Henry and Donelson, -returned at once wkh the report that
which General C. T. Smith, who j the Louisiana was drifting down the
had made a reconnoissance, reported river on fire, coming toward the Un
could easily be done. The gunboats ; in vessels, which were anchored
at that time were subject to General
HaIleck's orders and Flag Officer
j f oote, wno commanueu mem nau
; recommended a united movement oi
j army and navy against the
forts.
The desired permission was finally
granted, but the gallant eommander
of the army contingent was greatly
hampered by detailed instructions
furniehed by the commander-in-chief.
Grant started from Cairo on
the 21 of February UHlJ. wah 17,000
men in transport and Forte accom
named him with seven cunboats.
"General Grant and Flag
'PKni. V.mta I,-tr,.)rl Vin o
the army and navy make a simul
taneous attack, but it is a pretty
difficult matter to time such events.
In combined movements something
always happecs to delay one party
or the other, in this instance the
roads
dreadful and
the army
ws 80 delayed that it did not reacn
be fort until some time alter its
surrender to the navy.
DON EX-SON.
The advance on and capture at
Fort Donelson is thus described :
On the Sth of Februarv, !,
! General Grant telegraphed to Gener
al Halleck : "r ort Henry is ours :the
irrnrthnat Rtlpnn-d the batteries be-
' ( r r
CI3UU UU .t.rj I'.l Gltlt 11..UI.I w v..
rhich
aa r a . - - -
and Cumberland Rivers and be able
to penetrate into the heart of Tennes
see with his troops and Foote's gun
boats. On the "th of February his caval-
TV
penetrated to within a mue ot
uilu no iniortiiiiua ixa to tne cti euk
nf th nlnr nr th r.nmber of troons.
- r - .- , . r
t oote was notified of Grants in
tentions, and was requested to have
what gunboats be could muster
ready to attack the batteries before
tbe atair made ita a maul- But the
great rise in the Tennessee Kiver
prevented Grant from completing
his proposed movement The wa
ter overflowed th river banks and
leave the army as much as it could
- - .
do to save its stores and tents from
the flood.
In the meantime the gunboat un
der Lieutenant Phelps had pushed
on up the Tennessee as far as Flor
ence, Alabama, frightening the in
habitants out of their wits and car
rying comfort to the loyal citizens,
who were glad to see the old flag
floating over their waters.
V hile Grant was making bis move-
ment in tne rear oi ice iort. so as to
.- .1 . a
completely surround it and prevent
the escape of any of the garrison, the
gunboats on the water side were pre
paring for the attack. Foote accord
ing to his own report, did not consid
er himself properly prepared for
such an adventure, as his i'orce was
not sufficiently strong to make an at
tack on this fort, but at the earnest
request of Halleck and Grant he felt
called upon to do what be could. , when our troops, naving been dnv
and at 3 p. m. on the 14th he moved en bv the enemy from point to
up with his fleet j point and ride to ridge, had reach-
Foote's vessels were struck about j eJ the river bank and were brought
fifty times each by 12S und 32 pound to bay. Here the gunboats Lexing
shot and had fifty-four officers and ton and Taylor rendered good ser
men killed and wounded. vice, and the National troops, rally-
We regret that we cannot chronicle i ing under the cover of their guns,
a victory for the punboats. but it'-nwr m.,! a annrh reaistanep. and
was a
lair stand-up tight while it
lasted ; and Foote did not hesitate
to take the bull by the horns and
engage the enemy at OOO yards, the
best distance for the forts and the
worst for the vessels, aud although
the gunboats were forced todrnpouttant juncture.
ot action, tney lost no creou in so
doing.
This victory belonged exclusively
to General Grant, and no one can
take from him one iota of the credit
of that great military feat, in which
he showed his fitness to lend the ar-
mus of the L nion
. 1 - ...ft.
r .
tion to his gallant officers.
Having looked at all the details of , when they shooid advance. This
this interesting affair, we feel, obliged ! was the decisive point in the battle,
to say that all the credit for the cap-1 The next half-hour would set
ture of Fort Donelson belongs to the j tie the question whether or not a
army, as there was no truth in the j victorious Confederate army should
statement that the enemy was so de- j occupy and lay under contribution
moralized by the attack of the grin- i the States north of the Ohio,
boats that they could not be brought There was a brief lull in the firing
into effective use on the following j while the rebel host was making its
day ia the actions which resulted in j final preparations, and our troops
their defer t and the surrender of 1G,- j were being collected in a semi-circa-
TV i mn f -fiir- n-a a n4 1 7 Kf 1 I
-v f""
omnll a-ma tn l.onrnl (,r,nf I
(Twenty-five hundred of the Con-
i 14 ALUS . " w j
federates were killed and wounded ,
during the siege.)
There was one omission m this
naval attack which is due to the his-'
tory of the times and should be f
officer
my from estimating his distance, the j
vessels would have been ready on i
the following day to enfilade the I
works in their weakest point, and j
what ia more important still, they
would have cut off all hope of escape
ot the garrison. The transports in 1
t;i ri i ..j Kir., .iih (Vi!
anif riUTil iiiii jr ij w ii v.'--'v
wuicu 3 j i .. .k. J
As the terms were being signed,
Porter found to hia surprisJW the
. .t(V. .flrr P.pnpral Dnn-
can a. serting that he had no author-1
ity whatever over the naval branch.
Tbe commander of tne regular naval t
forces, Commander Mitchell, had, in
WHOLE NO. 1772.
' fact, set the military at defiance.
roner waived the point, however,
being determined upon the coarse
! tides before them. Porter had sign
: shaw, or tr.e estheld.
i Lieutenant - Commander Wain-
. wrieht, of the
Harriet Lane, was
; bout to fol!
w 4un nn siznature
when one his officers requested
: about thirty yards apart. Being
broadside to the current the ironclad
would not have room, to pass.
; - xhis is
shari nractice. ' Tcrter
I remarked to the Confederate officer,
"tnt is you can sun 1 the explosion
; when it comes we can. We will go
on and finish the cnpitulation.
He then gave Lieutenant Wain
wright orders to pass the word to
eaca of the other vessels to veer up
to the end of their chains and to
use steam in sheering clear of the
burning wreck if necessary, but not
to leave the anchorage. The pen
w.i V .le-v 1-v 1 -w.-l . x f I r-l ,ir.l 1 Tllirn''.n
fact tucu -as . rrA v-.4a v ai
and Colonel Hiics. the boldness
of whose signature gave no evidence
of the proximity cf a probably fatal
explosion.
The signatures being attached, all
waited ouietlv the result, which was
1 not Ion? deliver!, the emlosion oc -
curriog wun a snoc tnas I lny un-
seated the expectant officers, and
threw the Harriet Lane well over to
port. The capitulation was resni-
larly finished, despite the interrup
tion. The Louisiana had fortunate
ly exploded before reaching the line
of vessels, and injured nothing but
fort St. Philip, at which one man
was killed.
The action of the Confederate of
ficers in destroying the Louisiana
was severely censured bv the Army.
The latter assured the Federal offi-
leers that they failtin im way respon-
sible, as the vessel was en-rely un -
der Commander Mitchell's control,
The Federal commander was much
disappointed in the li)ss of the Lou
isiana, as he had calculated upon
her usefulness in operations against
her former vwners farther up the
river. Within ten minutes alter the
depsrture oi tbe Confederate oi
cers, the colors of tbe fort were haul-
1 Hnan. and hxirh Works delivered i
.l . .r. ;.....i .o.'
over iu Mi in ouicera uuuiuu w c
. .
ceive them. - - me
sun, the morning after the
c a?
shone on smiling faces, even among
the wounded.
Farragut received the congratula
tions of his officers as be had con
ducted the great fiht with imper
turbability. He wasted no time in
vain regrets over the saddening fea-
turesol nisvictcrv. but masinginei
signal '"Push on
deemed to forget
to JNew urleans.
. - ,
n i rvi ruinah a r.l
:v . : - v.!
1AUIC V U U WO, ,
h . fcllowi-ff unhi. re-tvic-
f.. , V.A UnA -t..V in IhAll.iU I
tory to the end.
tre co boats at shiloh. lt reward that could be bestowed
After noting the preparations for!n tin of peace. He waa a man of
the advance toward Pittsburg Land- undoubted courage and his protes
ine. Admiral Porter savs : ! fl "bifity w of tbe brst order.
The account of the famous baUl j Buchanan was fortunate in sur
which soon occurred at this place j rounding himself with excellent of
mustbeleftto millUrv writers, but ficers, men capable of performing
the battle of Shilcb, with its changes ev1 duty, and it mav be re
of fortune from hour to hoar, ru! marked that no commander was
keen anxieties, the splendid fiehticg I ever better seconded by his subor
on both sides and the splendid vie-jdioates. We had several Iar-e
tory which was finally wrenched steam frigates which might .have been
f-,A, tu.namr nfltr ho driven i cut down and covered with iron in
our troops back upon the river will
always be remembered by those wo
; i,m thp histnrr nf that dav.
j V will only refer to the moment
althouch the enemy Hung himself
again and agiun upon the tnion
lines, he was airain and again
driven back. The military histor
ians have not none induce to tne
orkof the gunboat at this impor-
" . It w the
belief of many officers that without
tbe aid of these vessels the Federal
Army would have been annihilated.
" Between our position and
where the ene:ny had prepared for
this last rush was a ravine which
thev must cross in the assault and
i here the eunboaU Uok up a position.
' . . a, a a .
ould
!the left flank f tn enemv's line
- - j j
1-- . - ... -; , k tK lurtn Tint half a
u m . --. -
M f.A(v ,k nvw line man f a-.th
J,ie; l,ui V ,. . V. . . v . V "
the
exception of the shameless
:-rs) had fought bravely, but
,. , i -
skul
i were now m a disorganized conoi-
tion and it seemed aa u tneir main
dependacce most now bs npon the
guns which Colonel Webster had
collected to check the advance of
As stated bv General
-their troops were massed so
the mam blow at oar
left" so that by turning it they
could seize the transport- and storea.
It did not occur to the enemy mat
this would bring their column under
the gnns at point-blank ran?e, I
this eriOTeernent tbe Taylor fired
1S8 shell and the Lexington about
tl.a rinrr.rwr and it ran he irri-
i ? v - I
L; 1 .i-.r ,n. mad. Tn th.
Cera when they were massed at the
ravine for a rush upon our disorgan-
the rivef.
There is a tradition in tbe Navy
which will go down to posterity
that the Taylor and Lexington on
that day prevented oar army from
bt-indtivtu into tie river, and turn
ed the neiny back when he consid
eml that the; victory was in his
liund. Why General Grant did not
have a number of boats at Pittsburg
Landing in not understood, as it was
a wot favorable position for their
use, and the fiO,0iJO Confederates
spread ovtr large area of ground
would have eSered many opportu
nitie for thtm to throw in an ef
ftxtive lire.
THE VICKSBL'RG COCSUL Or WAR.
This historian gives the folio wi nr.
sketch of a council of war on which
hang the fat of the Union Army
investing Vickaburjr, the grit and
determined will and final decision
of the general of that army being
opposed to every one of hi- coun
selors :
Having consulted with Admiral
Porter regarding the possibility of
passing the batteries t Vicksburg
with a sufficient force, a point on
which bis mind waa made he
Grant called a council of war at
which all the division commanders,
except Sherman and McClernand.
were present. The plan proposed
to the council was to send the gun
boats below Vicksburg with a suffi
cient number of transports, well
packed with cotton, to protect the
boiler and machinery, to march the
army over to Carthaee, and thence
transport it to the Vicksburg side,
as circumstances warranted.
This proposition was respectfully
but strongly opposed bv ail the
generals present Sherman sent his
objections which were good ones
in wri-cg.acd MeCIernand.to whom
Grant had spoken on the eubject.
wrote a letter and proposed the plan
of sroir.g Mow as originatinit from
himself, which waa a habit this gen
eral had when anything of impor
tance was about to be undertaken.
This plan of Grant's seemed to
those around him to be full of dan
ger, and they left no eloquence un
tried to persu ide him not to under
take a nun-e ricking such peril to
his army. They urged that to move
his armv below Vicksburz was ta
a. . j . v - -
cut himself rftt' from his base of sup-
plies at the north, to cut his own
communication and do exactly what
his enemy most desired him to do.
j to place- himself in a position where
; if defeated his defeat would be over-
! wheluiinr. The inundated state of
me country waa jrutuieu uu, iu am
land the difficulty of moving an ar-
; my and supplies over such roads as
i there were. Some ot tne
most ac
complish! soldiers in his army,
men who hail won their way to
fame, urged him with all the power
of eloquence, not to undertake this
rash movement
Grant listened to them respectful
ly, and when the last had spoken
he said :
"I am sorry to differ with yoa all,
but m r mind is made upr the army
will move to-morrow at 10 o clock.
j i ben Orant waa asea now ne
would get the transports past the
i batteries, he replied:
That's the Admiral s affair.
Where the Queen of the West and
Switzerland can go in broad day
light, the transports can pass at
; night
THE MONITOR AND MERRIMAC.
Admiral Porter describes the
trausioru iation
of the hull of the
, c , t ., i
! 1 1 , . v - r.. . . at art ffftni In ff.f1.rll
I destruction of the Norfolk Navy
a aru, luto uu no itiau uilu, . wj
equipped, officered and manned,
represented at that moment the
most pawerful fighting ship in the
world; " addiugnhe t deral Gtrv- -eminent
might well feel uneasy at
the tidings which threatened to car
ry destruction all alonjr the north-
A W W, f 1
t. Of her commander be
I ' J " 3 -
Sh was placeti under the co ra
, , - ... . .
mand of Hag Officer Franklin Bu
ichanan, who resigned from the U.S.
i Navv where he had reaped tbe high-
j better fashion than waa done in the
case of the Merrimac. The depart
ment, it is true, contracted for iron-
I cIa1 vessels,
but two of them were
far behind in buildinsrand the other
was a "little nondescript" that no
one in the Navy Department with
the exception of Commodore Joseph
Smith had any confidence in. This
vessel designed by John Ericsson,
was to be paid for only in case it
proved successful against the ene
my's batteries, but bad the steam
'"gates oeen cui .-u u puim
! wo uavf -
! the appearance of th Merrimac or
anv other vessel, and wonid nave
been first in the field with this new
factor in war which was to revolu
tionize naval warfare.
But there are many thioirs we can
not account for we received hu
miliation at first to teach us not to
underrate an enemy. Providence
came to our assistance in an emer
gency with "Ericsson's nondescript"
to show what skill and enterprise
could do in behalf of the Union.
As the Monitor of Ericsson ap
proached completion the Navy De
partment harried the work, on find
ing that the Merrimac was farther
advanced than they bad supposed.
This was in consequence of the
fact that Commander David D. Por
ter bad been sent to New York to
examine the vessel and report aa to
her capacity to deal with an enemy.
Alter a thorough examination of all
the details of the vessel. Commodore
Porter telegraphed to the Navy De
partment: "This is the strongest
fighting vessel in tbe world, and can
whip anything afloat" but when he
returned to Washington a few days
after he waa laughed at by a high
official and a clever one at that
"Why, man," he said, "John Len
thol predicts that Ericsson's vessel
will sink aa soon as she is launch
ed.'' Mr. Lenthol waa unquestionably
high authority, but he waa certainly
mistaken on this occasion. Like
moat others he looked npon tbe
nondescript aa a clever scheme to
obtain money from the Government
but he subsequently did ample jus
tice to Ericsson and bnilt many ves
sels after the distingniahed inventor's
models which for a time placed the
United Slates Government ahead of
all other naval Powers. .
We did not long main tain this po
...
siUon. however, for our
st-teamen
y sufficient to protect our coasts
d y . to of peepe ; so we
alum v 3 mm lit. M w--a w r. waa,-M Y
a . z.i a ?: 1 1 iL.t
aiuon. wiuiout, a siDgir trociui
ould command the respect of the
weakest Nations. Yet EriesaoQ still
lives with vigor unimpaired and in-