V
.1
Terms of publication.
I . i.kn!: I el eTV
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TV. D'J
i,-r ai.num, tl --M In nlv.-.n-e: otmrwire f
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..eontiinied ui.til allar
rosiiuatter. Berlevtlr.r to
f jraiitKn r' , ... their
a.o.iiy u. when SuN.cr'.rier do not Uk out tbetr
, . . . I rv
pi'KT!
1! be bcld liable f.r tM fui.'i -
11,15 f.irtBcrai
j-.tfldu: -
tlirr (
ulJ pive us the r.an:e o
as lit prvJ. Dt
Somerset
Printing
Company,
JOHN I. SCULL,
Business Manager.
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No. 11. S.A.a Aitiiu. i ::!?: cri.h. i a-,
i: nrK f.-rar. SoM f r IVe Lil r !
' -lui- L'.Jr. 1 ii.l t.-mit f S'ct ATii-lc.
Vl-ic L- k a:.-: st::.t.. AiuMr.1 I..tri. L.s.
1 e. .
VOL. XXIII.
Bavf.i
IiiHKBT.
iOHX D tt'iBXttT.
& CO.,
NO. i MAIN STREET.
JO1IXST0 W N , I E N X A .
W- f. ll Inif!? ncs"tla!'!c In all parts el the T'nl
le i M;iK' :i.t :nia.!a!i. an i in Fort-urn einntrie.
Unv i.pia. '.uim an'l Otrt-ernmcnt Hon.ii t
iiiu'l:' st market jnw. Iin m.iDPy on avjiruTtJ
..ur.ti lrait and I'hfoiii o utber bank casa
:.l''noy rm-ived on Jn-ifiljayal lcoa demand
l,:tcrc4 at ih mi: Six per cent.jxr
Antu.,t p'lilon TImc Drpoiil.
Kvi.rytl.intt In the IUsklcr Line reert o
.ii-kuil u, our f'iin if an.! m-t.-tner fvr
1 a:r-
Htl'l
l.aife, e f. ni-u B nm. ..." -
mute ..theM h" have LuMiirsi in oar
.!'. t ... .!, ni! w c in iriv entire n'
i. r I.- vive u- a trial. 3"iiri:iK w.j.
t!acti-Hl.
Jl'UN l'lBtJiT fc CO.
ambria County
BANK,
AL.Vr. IvKIM tco.
I 1
. 2BS Jl.llJi MKt.l.a,
lltut) Sjl.nal'ie'f l'.rlc'i I'.ulMiiiiC.
Gfii
ra! KuVins i;ii-incsTrauactotI,
I'r.if.i
ji.ii i :wi.
1, ! '-r - l 1
. mi, !e m
a. iTii.r-
-,.1 Mirer IUL'Vt an 1 sdd.
i jv.ris "I tbe I lilted Mate.
: ;.!',. wed at tl.e rate ol six
r.
i.:. ;-T :.t.i.;iii..
.i ir7, !!: t:'
: l.-'t ''it m ni !. r li-nirer.
it. '.e with liu.ir.lia
i in iru.'t.
1 in
t Ol Kill
a a :t.. J. iei:s-i:t
OF THE
J6HM0WN SAVINGS BASK.
J oil !:((. v nv
I n.. PtT. 1.
ISTl.
, ii J,, r,
i. ouli l,
in l r.
u-n li.,t..:s
nub H ii.i
i l i..,ii.;
I nn k
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A 11. ,1:1
i.i 19. I I
. 1 :.o 01
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T.'-.ii
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L-r- or if
1. V r ii
Tri.M.r,
- ! i' i v
1 .' I e-t ,
r "f tb JoTl.nstwn
jtt.rtn the iU"'V.. state
1 ii, v Liiuvtuoi! and
VKANK IUBKKT.
irvafurer.
! f r." ir?.
A. ;! vriOMf.r.v.
X-xary 1'uilie.
Au'riiir i.'.,minitiee. r
tii.'V l.ave caretuiiy in-
r-'t- ft t.-r the year enditiic
r- r ri ill
Trv,ui.r
il.
-T. nii-l hnvt ex. .niltieo toe
i k. mi.Hii:r of li'iua. Mort
f. Ivan- u'l: Ileal l.:at, Cash
tl. i !i:
ii k i'li : m I. nil.!, and lind the tame to tut-
il v it ii tl.e aV.ve r.; Tl
1. MrIroni.i3t,
,1 AN ill 'oorLn,
11. A. HO.M.S.
Aa.liuirs.
STATlSTl.'Ai.
Nll'l.' vT r T. P -IUTS
1 (51
l.Ost
NuuiIht u! i-i-n ai.unts
Av.Ti.c w -ich lp..ti:cr
A lu Is
l-iai
IJlC
"""".'.".
i.r Wi... ipereenu
tr m lsTl to l;j lMtt.
i! l-i:.le are bared up. tbe
ai-.no. I uii iiML'5 u;.n it beng
ii: t .'
nt I'TVl ..Tl'
. 1 I'lVl .CO
: uik n 1:.
.1 in- l..i,
vn Iv f au a-l.!ia.--i:ai security.
CARPETING.
,:!enry fVicCallum,
.11 1 i'th A t en
PITTSBURGH, PA.
n.jH-rior rnst.sii Oil C'lothm
Hi;r.S5ELS CAUTETS, kc,
iir.Mra.-.-.i ivokain carpets
In (v. y v,r;..!y.
.'1 FIFTH AVENUE,
A'"AV Wio-j i-trtrt.
iUrsina Lime Kilns.
'. are : r ; .'ci! U :urni:
i
3v
Car Load.
Or
, . . - c.
I!y Solicited.
i:. j. uatt:i:i: v ( .
JiTiOML "STAIR" WlIflffiG
AND
Turning' Shop
J. WELSH & CO.,
Manufacturers of
Slaiii, Hcnd-rails, Ealust
KS.
j.i.
N E TT E I. POS TS. J -e.
CO .iul LacK: btrt-ei,
AI.l.l.c;iIHY. CITY.
PA
WEBER PIANOS.
VOGEL s'. HUt;iIK ORGANS.
SHEET MUSIC,
MUSIC HOOKS,
MUSICAL (J00i?.
1
V."UtLIiAI.E A D liETAIi.
WILLIAM II. SHEIIX
V ,'..;iii,.-V;' '
f Ct -: - "
7 ) ri.'ih Art cue, PITTSBUXCII.
Mr.":lal ait.-ntKcto criers Fy Biail.
.1GKYTS nVLYTED.
NvV..
MitccUaneou.
i'l'LETONS'
AMERICAN CYCLOPAEDIA
NEW REVISED EDITION.
Entlrelrrewritlen by the .blest writers on every
eul.iei. FnnteU tnjm new tyie, and illustrated
Willi ieveral tuouaand nKrms nd iuai,9.
Tl.e work oriirinally i.utillshed under the title of
L lnliT -Wch time the wide c r ul.u..;U
whlih It ha alliiined in all pan. oi u.o i-u.i
si.iea. ind tbe amnal development, which have
Taken Pa in "very braneh ol fclencc. l-rture
ind hVve induied the ediu.nl and ,.ui.Uf Uer.
toaubmit toan exael and thorough rev.-um. and
to Lew edi.ion.entHledlu AkR.f A U-
''ihe U5t ten year, the puof dl
eover? Ta "ver deparimeul of ki.oWle.ine ha.
"Tue movement of pollllfml affairs lta. JWIP3
wkn il.edmi.veneol science. i'h;'
aiipUcationtoth. indus-.rial and .r1
tno cnveuien-- and remiemeul ol social lite.
UrUtwan "and cvusequeut reoluliona Hare oc
Mivolvnm ualioLl e..anea ol f';
meut Tbe civil war ol our own eoumry, wlii. n
wafaUu heichiwueD the last """!1u,1l ."nl! a
work ai.m-ured ba bai'idly ten en.led. and a
"t:nru,,rviai aod industrial activity
ba been ewnimouewi.
larije atceKM'iia lo our gcotrra;i
hical kn..wle.!ae
hue tmen Uiu.ie by
the lu.ieiallHal.lo explorer, of
Atn. a. , ... i .., f ihr.Hs-.leea.le.
'. ', .. -.i .uit ol tbe Lit.se oi nine, have
i.u tut. f"" :
ukih lino view a uiuuuu.ieoi ue-
, uaiue. are lu e-. ery one "". u
cverv one is curious iu uv- -
battles have been toUL-l.t "d 'luiKTtai.t s i r
niauiuiiued, ..f which the details .KMJH J
served only latha newsi.aiairs or in tbe lram.i-.nt
purhra i! ' l.ie ..ay, lu. bKH . IUi b.
Lke their place in jwrmanent and auioeulic a
U iu preparlr.a tl.e present edition for the press it
Ua alSUiieTv beeitheim oi tlieeitors U mg
d..wn Ike .,ii..ru.atii.u to the lateft "'if;
ana to luruii-n an accurate aewuni ol tl.e most re
eenidifc.veri. . in scienw. ol every IreeU i.roduo
u.ruinl -n,'urv andot the newest ii.ven.mns in
'the practical arts', as well as u. R.ve a succujet and
orimual reeurd ol tbe proicress ol iH).ili.a! and i..-
t..: I. al events. . I o.ivfnl
lae work lias been beirun ant. r""r;rT
preliininary Ul-r, and with me "'"'T
Lurxvtur carrying U on to a fuceesetul lernnna-
l"x.',ne of the original su re..i; t-e pltttes ha been
....... i.... . .f l is been i rtuted n new
S
i the
lie,iviuim iu . i.-.fc r I at
''. .:. f .... ... m l -v.-loi-.e-iui. w
, 1 a
with a lar a-reater pvanmry "I"""'""
mc t biu and ev.mpis i .. ,
u n,
wiib such iuiprv.vimeutsui l.seoii'i -' .' -i
len suiiuesied ty l.ig'.t njicruuee aud
,1,'U uy have
I er.iarirtd
kn.'Wle.te. , ..
The iiiustrati' ns wl.ich are tntrv.u.-e.. f. r l!i"
......I V. um ..iu.- iu ii'c .ni c-.... - - - . . ...
H.eiu IV ! li 't lor tlieaakeol pictorial etl.vt. but to kic lu
iimsni.i.iliT and lorce to tl.e explanations liitiie.ext.
Ti. 00 i Thev embrace all branches ol science and ol natu
f .vai oo ' ral bisic-rv, aud .t.-pict ttiu u.ol lan...us i.ul re
4.SJ vj o-irkable" feature. d S'vii.-ry, ard.lticture and
; art. as well as the various .iw- ot nieciiai.ic
! and uianulaciurers. Alth. unh Intended l"t m
siructb.n rather than tiiibcuirbineni. ni pain.
; have been sparc.1 to iio-ure tbeir artisuc ex.vl
. ... i.. ....., r,.-, ,.i ti.ir eiecutlon in en jniK.ns. and
.! .il.l..n have wta iwi'n-i
' - ; it is believed tn. v wi'.ltiiid a welcome reoeptloa a.
.-i j i -o 3.t , an a '.ii:ir:ib'.e l.-atureol tbe Cyclopaidia, uad wor
l U.v ol It. htxa character.
This work is sold t.) .ubK-rilt-rs "tily. payable
nr-s.-riT ,n,!eliv. rv ol each volume. It will l-e o.mpleicd
" i 1"5 In sit!i-.ii l inro octavo volumes, each eontuiuuijr
.-: 74 .: ,,- ou iae.. lullv tllustrated. with several
n .snn l i.t K-iuriviw:., in.! wuli uuiaeMJ
o. lored Litfcrspl.ic Maps.
PKIOEANDSTTLLOF TSIXl'INCJ.
In extra n-th. per vol 5
In Iii rarv Leatlier. per vol J
In Halt Turkey M.irr.xi-". per vol '
In Half Kussia. extra m. I"T rut
In lull M..iT.eo. anti ;ue, (fill clires, p
,T Vol .
In full Kussia. Iht v.,1 lu
Kiirht v.duiues now ready. buceeeJmz vluinis
until omt Tcti-n. w ill be lfsue i once lntw.mor.t.i.
Spe.-imen pair-s ..t the American 1 yc.pie-
dli. sh. win tyi. lilustraUL-ns, etc, wi.l l-e sen.
irrntis on application.
" F:rt class caJiv:SJtr.ii lenatswamtvl.
Ajrcnt, No-JC'-J MxibSt.. l'lttHwrU, l'a.
FAYETTE COUNTY
MUTUAL
Fire Insurance Company.
EM
TOE UruHNiHAEAHl
ienl. I lrta$urer. )
I Ir,itdnt.
Mm- W. H. Hi iPF. Srcre ;ary. J j
HOARD OF MANAGERS:
WILLIAM M "CLE A It V, l"ni-n;uwr-, Ter.n a.
H LK.XKIX.
Jl'UN W. HAKE.
kllis ha1ly.
John s. harah.
KWlXcl BKOWXFIIXD. "
WILLIAM H. MI.Y. '
THOM AS H. t t NN.
1K. Wm. 11 . STI'KirFOX.
hhaklf.sssv:ato.n.
RDKLKT H'xlSF.TT.
K. M. M'-MStTTH
KOliLKTU. MVLL1X, Fayette dty, Fayette
lA urilT . I'a.
J. O MFVtkS. Meverla!v. S-incrset t'.. rz.
J.H.I'HLS.nwi.
J. Ai. SCHKt'Y tK, YVcst XtW.on.;We5t7n'J Co..
Penn'a.
M. M. STAl'FFEK. ilt. Tleasan YVestai'ilCo.
Pcr.o'a.
H.;iiYKUS;KT"llXS. Greeh.'lurjr, W'eslm i! Co
Fenn'a.
A L II. M. EVANS. Ariwc!! Tp., AVasliinifton
".. I'enn'a.
JA.MF-S W. HAY. Eiclihill Tp Gre-.n Ccnty.
Fenn'a.
Aiunty, la.
rillNCIPAL OFFICE
O.i Jn,i-hcay, Ci,,'or:l.icn, Payette
Cou'if.y, Penn'a.
'ilvil.Et9 MtlTT TKIKB :-mat I'
EVEHT MOXTH.
-Tt iF oM an.1 reliable rin;ay has been In
..vf cl o("rti lor thirty tears. urinir wiii.-b
in-.c ail bes bavj been ppiaipiiy jaid. For
further Ini.nnat! a epply to
JOHN II. VITL,
S menel. or
AV. II. H'iPr,ST.
I'ni. ntewn. Fa.
XVv. Si.
, n. a. lint.
LINT.
I GLADS STJ3AM HILLS,
f C. 0. Lint & Drotlicr,
t
! Iiavir.7 rcccctlv teasel what U k-xwn at:te
Old .lennisir?lill,
!itv'e. c.:ie mh of .rner-,t. tt. harmr
pwi .1 ia .r elsss orler. we irep.-- i.and lodoa.l
kio,is ol jfTin-iio. Hatinir per c -i an erdrine
! we are en at led to use tiih-rstea.u.-: water power,
i Ail w rk.
A V A II Et. A N TED SATISFACTORY
if tberratn Is in a wd c o.illko
aiway. Mjti ou baud.
F'lour h w'.e
sejd
jrpHE best ruMr
IN THEIWORLD!
I THE, AMEKIC.LN SL'EjI EKGEIs
Ul'.e-Ac-Jng, Non-Freet!cj
j roiit'E I'-jm!
TV. ?iiprrt. Ft Powerfnl, F.JecUve, tura
fcle. Haiuisc a ad Cheapest I'uaip in use.
It Ls a4 S cT Iron, and of a few .Imp'.e part.
Il will asw I rrers. as no water rrtnaios in the
r4 wkes avt in acxao.
It has ac leather or rum artia;, a. the .U'ker
and tuns are all of in.
It tri losw. It ever, ret. oat of order.
I: mas -water ftrma 40 ta feet ia the air, by
attaching a tvw feet of b'4e.
It ts rl f waahUvg Burrles, Wti V wt water
Uu: liardewa, txt.
I: fH-afc&e. the rwm and el-lest water, tiecaase
Il M pvaced ia she bottom of the weiL
Tkbwi: V Eump, $15: pipe. ioe. y -t-'
1 - " U; " fcc -
Larrer la ppiptirtlan.
fAVEYANP ITLATT
Sr.l Asrents for S .rtersex .MiBiy.
1 SmTset, Pa, alay 17A
ADREWPEELtS,
Iarchite c t3
SOMERSET.
ii.
OF
Governor Hartranft.
Gt nlh '.nen of the Svnale and House
of Jl'pre filial ices :
Tl.e wonderful powers of iccupera
tion Litberto exhibited bv tbe Ameri
can pei! in recovering from panic
and misfortune inspired the hope,
iwplve monibs aco. that the dawn of
the present year would discover the
country released from the distrust
and effects of tbe panic of 1S73, and
inaugurate a period of confidence and
prosperity. That this hope ba3 not
been realized is painfully manifested,
when throughout the lensrth and
liremhh of our own trreat Mate are
found furnaces chilled, factories still,
mining shafts iu process of decay,
aad siiyriiids of unemployed men,
with no resources provided for them
selves aud families against tbe rigors
of the winter that now h !ds all
nature in its old embrace. We must
not be unmindful that distressing
conjunctures, like tl.e present, often
brood a t-pirit f restlessness aad
discontent that ascribes to tbe exist
injr government the Ms that afflict
society. It is tbereofre expected, in
tbe presence of our dcpreeeJ trade
and languishing industries, that the
efforts of these who are serving tbe
public shall be directed to the prac
tice of tbe most rigid economy.
Let us confirm tbrse expectations bv
unusual diligeuce in the dispatch of
the public Imsiccss. a constant study
of tbe general welfare, and the ap
plication of every means iu cur power
to reduce the burdens of tbe people,
and with this view I recommend tbe
elo.ses-t scrutiny c-f every item of the
appropriation bill. la this reason of
UiRtrer-s no outlay of money should be
matle except what is absolutely re
quired for tbe ordinary expenses of the
iuvt-rument, and to make provision
Tor the maintenance of those refor
matory ami charitable institutions
with whore management tbe State is
charged. Where misery would be
entailed up.m any human being or
the interests of science suffer by
wilbh.i'tliiig aid toother educational
or charitable objecty, humanity and
a f-ense of public duty will approve
of gome aasi.-ucce, but unless tor
these or equally imperative reasons
it is my solemn conviction that no
appropriation should be made for any
iiistuution other than tho.-e for which
the people of the whoie fctate are
responsible.
FINANCE.
The I rief statement of the finances
herewith submitted is made to em
brace the details of most interest,
and I invite your attention there'.o
with a view to a more intelligent
apprehension of the discu-:ion tbat
follows :
Iluring Cucil ycaren lici; Xovomber 3'. :
Six per cent, loan
Five per cent, lima
rtiauibersburs; certificate.
Relief n'tcs
$1,19. isj 00
W.UOU .HI
2, 63 IS)
b'4 00
13 7
Domestic creuit. rs certiorates..
Total..
.. 1 "50.1 a:
PoriiiK nscal yewenclinz Xovemlver JO, UTl:
Balance ia Treasury Xovirnlr W,
lTl t.2S.151 14
Receipts 4S Lt 'i7
Total
;. 997,119 91
n;Brr.8irK!tTS.
Purin? fii-nl year tn !ln November 30. 1S74 :
I 'n! inary expenses 14 tl
I,mjis rcJeeme l .' !5 '.)
Intcre.! r aid ou loiins.. 1.4U..274 14
e.C4ijS7 M
JJilanw in Trcisarv November 33,
IS. 4 '
1,0 M 5.M i
rCBLIC ESBT.
Six per cent- loan. ;!.;m.:oo W
1'ive per cent, l.in? .. 41W.4 Ul
F' r and a half per et.
I an H.iKiO 00
axi.si ii
rrc!iDSD DXBr.
Relicrnotea In circulation. s-136 00
Intenst eer.in-ate. cut-
sianiiirir :3.''49 C2
Intenst oertiuoate. uo-
claimci 4.44
lKme:ic ere-Jiior.' cer.ia-
CflU'S IS 00
(liamirbnnr cenificatcs
oatstimdinz 6i730 2S
Cbamtr.mrg cerua -ates
unclirncil 23 6S
V.4 ;;i ?A
FaV.ic dcM, N jvcmlicr 3 ', 1S74 . . . .
to5:s in :mc;q rt'nr.
Iv. n is . f Fer.n'vlva: !t ni'mvl Co.
Ik.n.:aof Ain-sh'vr.y a!. It. Ii. o. .
-4.5C3,i4 S7
.'..&".0o.1 AO
9 (KX'.Oua 00
Purine the fiscal year ending No-vemlx-r
30, 1ST3, the receipts of the
Treasury amounted to$7.0TC,;24 20
It will be observed tbat ia tbe past
vear the revenues bare sensibly ui-mini.-hed,
and th receipts were only
$5,S"1.9'. 27. This diminution of
f 1,204.754 1'3 was occasioned by ibe
r'peal, in 173, of tbe taxes on gros
n-Pfipts of railroads, net earnings of
industrial anJ other corporations,
and the tax on cattle and farming im
plements. It is worthy of remark
that tbe relief aff:rdcd bv tbe repeal
of these tax? s was mainly in the it
Urcst of corporations employing the
ereatest number of working men.
With this reduction of the revenue.!
and with an increased, expenditure ol
perhaps $500,000, raa
c neie.-sary ty j
iu the addi-1
the new Constitution
tional outlay for schools. Legislature
and judiciary, it is manifest tbat tbe
severest economy must be observed
ia all tbe departments of tbe govern
ment, and tbe appropriations consid
sideratelv and wioeiy made, or tbe
State will be unable to meet its obii
eations under tbe existing tax laws.
15v the Constitution tbe proceeds
! cf the sale of uublic works, and by
act of last jession, approved May 9.
174, the tax on the capital stock of
all corporations were assigned to tbe
Sinking Fund, which can only be ap
plied to tbe payment of loans redeem
ed and interest oa tbe pnllie debt.
The receipts from other sources Le
lon? to tbe general revenue fund, and
as a'.l tbe expenditures of tte Gov
eminent are payable therefrem, it
will he clearly the duty of the Legis
lature to limit ibe appropriation to
tbe amount of this fund.
IXUVSTP.IAE EPVCATIOS.
The report cf the Superintendent
of Common Schools, wherein tbe
statistics of our educational system
are presented with unusual care, will
enlist the nrofiund stady of those in
terested in the mental and rubral
training cf cur youths. Convincing
a. these details are. of tbe close re
lational p existin? between education
and tbe true welfare of tbe State, our
neonle are f till slow to adopt meth
ods nsed in other countries and
MESSAGE
ESTABLISHED, 18 3
PA., WEDNESDAY,
States, whereby tb beandcrics of in
struction are extended, and knowl
edge imparted of a more useful and
practical kind. Onr common school
system is now fixed upon a firm ba
sis, and a free education . assured to
alf who wish to avail tberusclres of
its benefits, and inquiry should, there
fore be directed to tba . discovery of
the best plan to fttoor children for
tbe numerous vocatioBS that are the
outgrowth of tbe pevuliar resources
andvaried industriq? of tbe State.
Upon a survey of tbe agencies used
in unfolding these rejources of Penn
sylvania, it must be coofessstd, tbe
mechanical work necessary for their
proper development, requires labor of
the highest skill; aad if this survey
extends over the vast and complex
system of her indastriea, how mani
fold are tbe places where practical
knowledge aud handicraft are needed.
It is to our rmaeral wealth and
manufactures we mainly owe onr
riches, power, and the advantages we
possess as a State, and in our mines,
furnaces, forges, rolling mills, loco
motive works, and "the myriad of
factories, wherein ber products arc
formed for use, trained hands and
minds are always wanted. Can they
be fouud among our own people?
Ueasotiable and jast complaint is
made of the want of fckilled labor in
our midst, and tbe constant recourse
bad to foreign countries to supply
this pressing need. In our great iron
and other industries and wherever
skilled labor is required, the greatest
number of those employed have ac
quired tneir experience m xjuioj.c, oi
the
Kastern btates. is it. not ume
for Pennsylvania to' absolve herself
from this "dependence, that imposes
upon many of ber sons the condition
of common laborers, at the bidding
of overseers from without the State ?
In tbe future that awaits onr great
State, with her exbaistles3 wealth,
w herein are all the elements of em
pire, shall ber children be the hewers
of wood and the drawers of water,
or shall they assume the position to
which their birthright entitles them
aad direct aud control her destiny ?
A very small number of our boys be
come artisans, and yet it is a maxim
of political economy tbat the measure
cf a State's productiveness is in pro
portion to tbe skill of- its labor. We
disburse in tbis Commonwealth ten
millions of dollars annually to edu
cate our children, aud no one doubts
ibe wisdom, nolicv. or necessity of
tbis expenditure; and cf the children
who complete tbeir terms at her
s iioolsnot one has any special fitness
fjr a trade or any acquirements tbat
will enable them to compete success
fully with the skilled labor engaged,
in many instances at high prices, in
extracting our mineral stores, or in
the conduct of the great industries
that are tbe pride and chief support
of the State.
I am persuaded be members of
1.110 p.v.cv-1 Tr"islatnre are interested
in any desigu iui cuuets ii.o tiouo. 1
and welfare of the State, and I ap
peal to your judgment whether the
dictates of common sense and a pro
per appreciation of tbe true sources
of our prosperity do not demand tbat
some provision should be made for
training a portion of our children in a
kuowledge of tbe mechanic arts, and
I beg leave to offer a few suggestions
as tbe outlines of a plan to impart
this knowledge which, upon examin
ation, 1 believe to be feasible and ap
plicable to our system of education.
Let youug men in our common
schools who desire to become mechan
ical ehgiuecrs or master mechanics,
or acquire a knowledge cf some par
ticular branch of mechanical indus
try, be transferred to schools where
they can be taught the science that
bear up n and especially matfcematies
in their relations to tbe trade they
wish to learn. Lecture and drausrht
ing rooms should be provided and a
workshop furnished with all tbe im
proved machinery, the former to be
presided over by a professor of me
chanical engineering and the latter
carefully supervised bv a master me
chanic. The time of the students
could be divided between the school
room aad tbe workshop, and tbe les
sons taught in the one be reduced to
practice in the other, and a knowl
edge obtained of tbe mechanical pro
cesses made use of from tbe simples?
to the most complicated work. I
there any practical obstacle to ed
ucating bovs in tbis manner so tbat
they can calculate tbe size and parts
of a rr.arbice, then draught and final
ly make it with their own hands,
if required ia Philadelphia, Pittsburg,
aud other large manufacturing cities,
where tbe means of acquiring infor
mation of this kind are- so ample,
schools, such a.s I have described,
might be established without great
cost, and where provision is made
therefor by the local school boards,
tbe State should be pledged to give
them proper assistance.
compulsory education.
If a parent neglects tbe education
cf a child or selfishness demand- its
eirrjiog3 when tbe State affords tbe
facilities for its instruction, can it be
argued tbat it is despotic or destruc
tive of tbe principles cf free institu
tions to compel the attendance of tbat
child at school, and is it not a duty
which the State owes, not to tbe
child alone, but to ber ova safety, to
rescue it from the condition of life
tbis difference or greea may impose
upon it, and prepare it, not only to
be self sustaioiaz. but a good citizen
as well; Ail ignorant men are not
paupers or criminals, but from ibis
class are recruited the tbe greatest
portion cf those who fill our alms-
bouses and jails. WLen, in certain
seitons t tbe Lnitei fctates, yon
End onlv seven per cent of tbe peo-
p'e, above the age of ten years who
cab not read and write, and discover 80
per cent, of all tbe crime chargeable
to these sections is committed by tbis
ignorant seven per rent, it will not
do to deny that ignorance baa a most
intimate relation to crime. The sta
tistics of pauperism likewise show
that the illiterate and ignorant crowd
ojr Doorbouses. and a very small
proportion of tbe lamates cf these in
stitritioDs have had any of tbe ad
vantages of education. Will it be
said the State has no interest ia the
sappression of an eril that is the pro
lific soureo or so mucn misery ana
vice? Crime and pauperism are bur
dens which the State has to bear,
aid to make use of every preventive
7.
JANUARY 13. 1S75.
of these evils is tho dictate of good
policy and horaanitp.
Tnere is, however, a more nrgent
reason why the S'.ate should com
pel the education of all tho children
within her jurisdiction. It is pat
ent to every observer that where
thero is an aggregation of tbe ignor
ant and crimiual classes.tbe laws reg
ulating suffrage arc frequently viola
ted. Tbe most effective remedy for
this pernicious evil is the school. It
is tbe nursery of tbe good citizen ;
regulates bis will and action by cer
tain filed principles, informs and dis
ciplines bis miud, and excites and
fortifies, his self-respect. Receiving
bis education at the hands of tbe
Mate, the child iearns to loon upon
IVWB UIKJI1
her as bis benefactor, and
increase of his iDttlligence
with the;
there is a
is respect
corresponding growth in bis respect
and veneration for the Common
wealth from whose beceficenco he
has so rich an offering. Tbat man
must be an ingrate, w ho, taught by
tbe Slate aud having bis mind en
riched by the stores from her bounty,
will use the gifts thus bestowed in
corrupting ber counsels or under
mining tbe faith cf her people in tbe
sanctity or efficiency of ber laws.
The lesson of tbe common school is
love of country, aud obedience to au-
tbority. Can the time and attention
of those employed with government
be employed upon a subject more vi
tal to tbe interests of society than to
secure the education of every child
within the operation of its laws, and
I sincerely trust tbat from tbe wis
dom of tbe Legislature will be
evolved some plan tbat will at least
gather the neglected children of the
Commonwealth into institutions
where, jointly with the contributions
of charitable people, she can provide
for their maintenance and instruction.
NAVAL SCHOOL.
Con
. . . .'thins rinnnanii'S in some instances,
I nvite your attention to an act of jtntpe Lcir, , ' . thl,,,axntu
J . nmn.intinir to hundreds or thousands
ngress, approved tne 2Utu fjav ui""J " :,;, m,
'n. . - ,1.. l.a nfir.n pTammnllon mi
June, 1874, under whose provisions
a school should be estaulished at
Philadelphia, for tbe instruction of
youths in navigation. Tbe impor
tance of a school of tbis kind cannot
be over-estimated, especially to a
commercial city like Philadelphia,
and the liberal offer of tbe National
government will enable the instruc
tion to be given in a practical way
under a competent superintendent.
S0LDIEES' ORFUAN3.
The education and maintenance of
the soldiers' orphans will continue to
elicit your syu paty and aid. No ob
ject should make a more successful
appeal to our consideration, than tbe
condition of these unfortunate chil
dren, whose future will be shaped
and usefulness largely determined by
the instruction they receive from tbe
State. A number of these orphans,
distinguished by good conduct and
mental qualities tbat adapted them
to tbe calling ot teachers, have been
transferred upon the expiration of
Normal schools of the State, where
tbey are being fitted for that useful
occupation. What tbe State should
do to obtain employment or a means
of livelihood for the residue of these
children who are in ne?d of assist
ance, is a matter, I feel assured, you
will not think unworthy of attention.
CENTENNIAL.
As tbe time approaches for the
Centennial Celebration of tbe Na
tion's Independence, a broader and
mo:e generous syropaty with its ob
jects is apparent, wane a more gener
al disposition is shown to make the
exhibition on that occasion, not only
a faithful representation of our va
rious natural and industrial resources,
but to manifest a3 well, tbat when
the Nation's pride, dignity or honor
are coucerned, the Americaa people
move with a common impulse and
have a common interest. It has
been conceded from its inception,
tbat tbe exhibition must have tre
sanction and authority of all the
States, if it would be clothed with
the character of a national enterprise,
and the number of tbe States tbat
have already enlisted ia tbe cause,
disclose the prevalence of tbis opin
ion and the derire for harmony and
unity of action. The Centennial
must be constructed out of materials
furnished from the whole Union, or
lU b;iU y wui De ma.-rea anu ts
symmetry destroyed. We owe it to
ourselves, humanity and liberty to
demonstrate tbat tbe full develop
ment of a country and its resources,
tbe education of the. masses, the
grandest acbievments of science, tbe
most abundant fruits of industry, tbe
blessings cf re.igion, and the amplest
protection of life and property can
all be secured by, aad are coasistent
with the largest share of freedom to
maa. We are to shoar that what
the combined wisdom of ages and all
nations endeavored and failed to ob
tain, a system of government uniting
under its authority fjr.y millions of
free people with no other restraints
LU tlLl 1 111 I'urcu J v " "
ka Vin -i a trial nf fiFlA Vl 11 f rpars
a century crowded with triumphs m
peace aad war, and unexampled for
the progress and development of
those arts that are useful and be.p
adorn human nature. 13 not, there
fore, the interest, pride and patriot
ism of every American engaged to
make the Centennial in its propor
tions and grandeur, a true reflex of
the intelligence, genica and Lavjin of
our people, the magnitude cf our re
sources and tbe benefits of our insti
tutions 7 Tbis is the scope and ia-
tention of the celebration, and if we
mistake not, the sentiments of tbe
people of the coantry, every State
aad Territory will be represented in
tbe exhibition in the manner tbat wii.
best display its wealth, industries
and characteristics, and with the
more comprehensive view of making
the Centennial truly national and
American. Tbat the prodacts of for
ficm countries will be largely repre-
. j .- 3 t. .t. .v. .
oruieu, 13 assuieu uir tue uiiuiue. aa
.i . .v- v
nh... .tap f .na naiii.n ihhc i air
signified tbeir infection to contribute,
and tbe liberal arpropriations tbey
have made to provide for suitable
display. There has been no abate
ment of zeal in tbe efforts cf tte gen
tlemen in charge of tbis National
undertaking, nor any cessation in
tbeir labcrs to diffuse a proper under
standing of its purposes and uses.
So apprehension of failare has ever
seized them, neither have they been
disarmed by unfriendly, and at times
TT TT Tl Ti
nniust criticism, and
at tirr.es delud-i'rom
ed by plausible suggestions tbat
might have turned them aside from
the supreme object for which they
have striven. To their talents, dig
nity of character and untiring ener
gy, the country will be indebted for
a large measure of tbe success of tbe
Centennial, and in what remains for
them to do, these qualities should
banish distrust and command for them
confidence and support. The work
upon the buildings intended for the
exhibition, is progressing rapidly,
and the structure in its architecture
and proportions will be a credit to
the nation.The space to be allowed
has been carefully allotted to eacu
.,! ni nmrialnn mnriA
rtj U U tl T, UU ttUl MV I'lVlivivi. aux -I
country
that tbe articles to be exhibited willi". " ".e e.Aacio oi us mai we j
be properly and fullv displayed, j onld give them a constant and
while every facility will be afforded trustful support while in tbe public j
for the examination of our products.
Philadelphia is enlarging ber accom
modations for tbe entertainment of
truests, tbe neighboring cities afford
innmerable opportunities of a like
kind, the extensive park where the
Centenuial buildings are located, is
every day adding to its natural beau
ty, .'with the contributions of art
which public and private liberality is
ad.irnino' its avenues, aad the wel-
JCOme accorded those who attend the
exhibition, will be in keeping with
the traditional hospitality ot vbe peo
ple of Pennsylvania, and we trust
will reflect honor upon the whole na
tion. INSURANCE.
Tbe necessity of n Insurance De
partment, and its utility, have been
clearly shown, since its creation, by
tbe discovery of a number of unsafe
and insolvent companies tbat were
doing business in tbis Srate, one of
which resorted not only to fraud
but to the crime of forgery to deceive
the public. The published assets of
of dullars, upon examination rueiteu
away to worthless securities, the
very possession of which was a con
vincing proof of intention to practice
fraud. Tbe protection of sound com
panies, the retention at borne of the
capital invented in insurance, the in
terests of the insured, and tbe honor
of the State, alike demand the expos
ure of these fraudulent companies
and tbe enactment of a general law
so striusent in Its regulations that it
will be impossible for .adventurers,
under tbe cloak of. an insurance com
ny, to rob the public. Every facility
fo'r tbe deteciion of imposture should
be afforded those cnarged with the
examination of these companies.
Tbe immense interests involved in
tbis busiuess of insurance are enti
tled to tbe utmost protection tbe
State can extend to then, and its in
quiries should be so ttorouzh tbat
no form of deception cai elude its
scrutiny. A more comprehensive
law, also, for the incorporation of in
S'lrance companies should be passed
auu in alio v v .. - - -
insurance, "and no company should
be allowed to organize, or exist, that
did not give tbe amplest guarantees
of solvency and good faith.
XIIE NEW CONSTITUTION.
One of tbe encouraging signs of
the times is tbe growing disposition
on tho part cf citizens to give more
serious attention to tbe science of
eovernment and measures for tbe
purification of the channels of admin
istration and law. The most prejr
nant mischief, however, of our polit
ical system, and for which no reme
dy has yet been found, is tbe disin
clination of men of character and
influence to devote a small portion
of tbeir time to edncatin? a correct
public sentiment, and to the selection
of men for office who will fitly repre
sent that sentiment. It is considered
one of tbe first advantages we poe
under oar form af irovernment to bei
permitted to vote for those who are
to make and admisistcr our laws. If
compelled by any arbitraty power to
surrender this privilege we would do
so only with our lives, yet how many
citizens dichar?e tbis roost import
ent duty with as much indifference
and as little investigation as to the
merits of the candidates as tbey meet
tbe ordinary requirements of their
daily life. Tbis unconcern bgat
a brood of distempers whoe malign
influence vear3 ago reached tbe dear
est franchises of the people of tbis
Swe. It became evident tbat re
f r n must be bad in many of tbe
functions of eovernm-nt ; in me
places authority waa strained and in
others needed' support; abuses in
legislation had grown intolerant;
the will of individuals and localities
was enacted into law; corporations
that were the creatures of tbe State
became more powerful than their
creator, and cities, tbrongh special
legislative grants were ruled by the
r. ih ilptrimpnt of tne manv
To c rrect these evils tne pepie ce -
maaded a change tbat would be radi -
cal and tbe New
Contitotiou was
I . , . , , f .
made t embody tne reiurm
Special
legation bequeathed to tbe State a
l(vrcr of wrongs tbat nave
wrongs tnat nave oeen
fruitful of injustice, and some o.
whose injurious effects upon tho
peaeff and prosperity of tbe Common
wealth will be perpetuated to posteri
ty, and if the New Constitution ha
no other merit than to confine this
kind of legislation to its proper limits,
it would secure tbe allegiance and
duty of onr citizens. The ready ac
qaiescence of our people ia accepting
the provisions ot tbe New Constitu
tion, and the absence cf ail contest on
tbe part of corporations, many of
whom were jealons of its restrictions,
are a gratifying illnstration of loyal-
rftv to tbe best interests of the Mate.
The public sentiment tbat demanded
and obtained tie reforms must now
take care tbat new or worpe disor
ders do not creep into our political sys
tem. A few suggestions wui be paraon-
Jd concerning
anotber fcaMt oi our
i - ...
I r- fi7en which. I fear, w m
banish in
o-"."v
tegrity from office, BDless corrected.
Everv well organized government
very properly provides against be
trayal of trasta. or abuse of poer
by 'its Representatives. The psb':c
has a right to expect honesty, di.i
eence aad a conscientious discharge
ofdatvfrom ttose whom it distin
guishes by election or appointment,
but on the contrary, are not its rv--K.n
th-r fnl'SII th essentia.s.
entitled to coatZdenee and p'
protection
NO. 31
detraction and abuse. Mt-n ot
character shrink from contact with
public employment, because it in
volves suspicion, mistrust and I
siauuiT. lopurny ouicr, vtu musi
dignify not degrade it. Ile-pect tor
law will not be increased by holding
up those who administer it to public
contempt Tbe propriety and justice
of official acts should be examined
with moro candor, and honest peopld
ought not to Uke their opiuions on
trust, but fairly and dispassionately
investigate for themselves. (Jooll
citizenshiD requires that we should
scrutinize closely tbe antecedents, j of LS7 4- This act authorized the ap
cbaracter and fitness of candidates I pointment by the Governor, of a
for office, and if they possess the board of ten scientific and practical
necessary Qualification, and are 1
' ,
service,
BAXKS, SAYINO
FUNDS
AND TRUST i
COMPANIES.
We have in the State one hundred
anil niucry-nine National batiks
whose capital is about f2,0flO,O00 ;
anu one nunurca anu seventeen
.stuto banks a-d savings institutions, C1, in the M.rvev an,i p,,s.ossin(r. it is
whose capital actually paid in, as j b.:ievcil t!l(, nWry qualifications
per Auditor General's report of 1S71, , t( St lheu, fl,r lD proper discharge of
was ,370,1 8.,, in all three bun- lDt.ir il; rtapt an,j responsible task,
dred and sixteen bans and savings . An cxper;eoct.j snj competent geolo
lustuutions. with an ffgre?atc cap-was t.,cte(i br the board in June
ital of$Ci)0.U00. For the proper ; u aml in the h;ief pcr;0j lLat htt3
regulation of National batiks we are j e, j 8;nce the purveT began ia
dependent on the National govern-; S(.l....1,.,.r tho work hs" progressed
tuent. ror the regulation of Mate;
banks, savings fundi aud trust corn-!
panies trie Mate government is re
sponsible to its people, and as it is
probable a bill f jr the enactment of a :
general law, in compliance with the;
provisions of the New Constitution,,
for the organization of batiks, may ;
come Defore you at this session, I in-!
viteyour special consideration thereto, j
In my annual message 1 culled at-1
tention to the vicious practice that
had grown up in the State, of incor-'
poratm? banks, savings and trust i
companies without fixing pr .per and ,
definite limitation to their powe-s and i
privileges ana providing lor tbeir ,
enforcement, in tne enactment or a;
general law, whereby they can be.
organized without limit, it is of the :
highest importance to the business j
interests of the people, and the ma-;
terial development of the State, that
their powers and privileges be clear-,
ly defined, aad any violation thereof ;
should subject tbera to proper penal- :
tics or tbe forfeiture of the charier?.;
Tbe charters of these banks and j
institutions were mostly granted with-1
in the past fow years, and many of i
tbem possess powers and privileges!
which should never have been coa-;
ferrd. The Auditor General's re-j
pnrt of 1 S7 4. shows they bad over;
$23,000,000 of deposits. Some of j
them.are averaging $10, $2.). :0 and i
$40 of deposits for each dollar of,
capital Ptock paid ia; depending, ia ;
some instances, almost entirely upon ;
their deposits for banking f.icilitics. j
Tr-pao are obtained bv cuV-ring usml-
ly sit p'
er miib
back to tbe community in which they
rn borrowed at bigber rates or w-
are borrowed at high
tere3t. .
These banks and savings institu
tions act as "miud'emen" between
tbe lender and tbe borrower, result
ing in tbe rates of interest advancing
wherever tbey are established.
Tbat these banks and institutions.
with rare exceptions, charge
greatly in excess of legal
rates is
notorious; tbat excessive rates .Mlg);ctj)at a:j requirements were met,
interest enrich a !ew ami impovensn
...... - . .
the many, is equally undername, and
l,. .,.,1.11. we fare rtemani S tnat a
policy so injurious should be avoided.
L im 1, .4 Ol.V. . . . , v ,
The large majority of the State in
stitutions are styled savings banks ;
with a few exceptions, their resem
blance to properly regulated savings
banks exist only in name. Savings
banks Bfoperly organized, are man
aged fir the benefit of their deposit
ors; the nature of tbeir investment
prescribed by law, and tho use of
tbeir deposits f r general d sc .unting
purposes usually prohibited. In
stitutions of the latter chnactsT are
highly beneficial and should not be
confounded with those who seek de
posits .for general discounting and
hankin" purposes, and might be more
designated as bnk3 of de-i
p' "l"-" v T ,
posit and discount lHnss cf u s
connt should be prohibited from pay
ing interest on deposit. The author
ity to borrow, that th-y mar bavo
capital to lend, give ih'-"n
great advantages, a monpofv- intr
community where located over in di
vidual borrowers, often c impelling
the latter to pay whatever rates of
interest the former may demand.
Ar,Ah.r r.biectioa thereto, suggested I
ia my last annual message, I rf peat:
"Money will always flow to banks
payioginterest on deposits, and the
large surplus tLm aggregated, se
duced by attractive offers, i3 eDt to
the o-reat monev centers, where it
; .ves more iuij-o.- f --t".
i while tbe sections from which 't is
to
jta
the:
drawn sutler, ia a.i tuvir m.Mi.i.
from the higher rates tcey Rre com-
rates ttev Rre com-
peiled to pay for the money remain-
j iag at nome. "
Tne abundance a
cheapness cl money, iiie pis'. e,lr.!t;,e gentlemen composing me
at the great money centres, and It j "rdwill b consumed in bearing
scarcity aad high rates of interest a? ?:Ct-uu f r pardon, to the ferioos
elsewhere, hive verified tv.e views I iJ( 'tr a(.ni of the pt.blic service ia
then t xpresssd. If an entire refirm ! tj.eir other clial r-li-iions.
r.f tbia vil is cot practicable, it may j T(. f ir.i::;a-e inve-iigatioa and eo-
hn preatlv decreased. 'V Tror.so;.in '
Kntra r.f d'-roUnt ' !'" t- LdVoJIO
cf a greatir rate cf interest thai fo-ir
percent, and to tn extent r-j'iuce'j. j 0j.j -m it a uotv convey o
the ability cf individaals to borrow b.jJirj a j inf.catioa witbia
miner at' lawful rates cf interest .- eir ,.., ledge, that would enl:ght
would be increased. Mor.c-y wou'd j en an i.jep tj.eio to a rightful conclu
reniain and be csed at Lome, ; Would it not be wr?o to re-
i .f!..-K, ... ,
to the mutual aavaota.
borrower an'
d lend'-r. ita. ca -
tional banks are permitted to pay in -
uonai oa ii j - ' to rarn.st, iL.e.r '
terest ca deposits, tnl some do so. iVT-(.tT ,j p,r
treason why a Stite et.ouM sane-1 " Vii-al isr-rr
tion a policy
"s-i f -reiga to tie priaci
-.ta r,f anund bar.k.ng and prejudu
ial
to the interests of its citizens. It is
f be bop'd tbe time is nr-ar when
the. National Government w.il recog
nize aad correct this evil.
. v . t tfeaf. , n n-r rerprai
I t0 SU' vlJw A r '
a. i 4f - .i
iaw u,m, p;.7Vv.V e re -
?anization of bank3 thev may te re -
fao-ed to have a reasoraUe -mount
2f capital stock, not less than $50.000.
andw paj it u? one year a ter c,
Bi7tt i,n that tee eiotauoi-ar. a ,
nl liable fordonllettebe Constitution may
amftimt rA nock held by them
ry -
,:..i. .A tLev be prohibited
from charging or receivinj in
'UxtV.I X.. " - a
tere-tjeo
above legal rates ; and that tbis pro
hibition be extended alika to securi- .
ties discounted or purchased. I aho
renew my suggestions that they be
made subject to examinations, re
quired tJ publish qiartcrly statements,-under
oath, and to retain ia
tbeir vaults a cah rc.ervo of ten per
cont of their net liabilities. Protec
tion to depositors, who furnish three
fourths of the money employed by
these banks, demands tbe enactment
of liberal provisions for tbe ascer
tainment of their condition.
Iank3 are a necessity public in
terest and convenience require them
and properly conducted are of
great public utility. Their power is
so great, the interests they control or
effect so vast, that any general law
enacted for their organization or gov
ernment demands mo.-t careful con
sideration, that we may avoid the
evils cf the present system aa-l in
augurate ono whose provisions wui
admit of no evasion, whose penal
ties will command obedience, aad
that will protect and secure, alike,
both borrowers and lenders in tbeir
legitimate rights
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
The suggestions ia my message cf
last year iu reference to geological
survey of fhe State, were embodied
in a bill tbat passed the Legislature
gentlemen to serve gratuitously, to
, I 1 , 1
uo,., 10
t'i of a geologist, and under whoso
direction the survey was to be made.
An annual appropriation of thirty-
five thousand dollars was made lo
defray the expenses, and tbe whole
work is to be completed witbin three
.a-s T.k AnnimuA K i , U . . rt 1 t) . r
fg---nt.en.en wtre ebosea frni different
1 1 port ion r oi til; Matft representing
fl-o rori.in i r . r irff a Hrrrt I v rein mm.
with treat satisfaction, and the re-
j suits soon to be submitted to the
I public in an intelligible form will, I
, feel confident, bespeak f tt tbe Com-
mission during the remaining two
years of their labors the good w ill
and resistance of the people of the
Slate. With the limited appropria
tion investigation could not be push
ed into every part of tbe Sate, but
during the next two yaars with cor-
respmding
7il anrf f-i . r h fn l nsa a
.k,...,,,,,!, Zn -.,,,. survey of the
.j,)!e 'Sla,e ,,inv le expected. Tbe
rt, t0 le Wished within a few
Weck;4 wi!1 embrace tbe results cf the
examinations cf the iron ores and
roofing slates of York, Adams. Le
high, and Northampton counties; the
fos-il iron ore belt of tbe Juniata
valley; the bituminous coal basins of
CleuribdJ arid Jefferson counties, and
the oil regions of Venango county.
Included therein will be descriptions
of other minerals, together with na
mernus analyses of ores, clays, coals
and rocks, the whole to be accompa
nied and illustrated with carefully
prepared maps.
The great benefits of the survey
will be at oncj rp cognize. I in this enu
meration, and particularly by those
who d.'-ire f develop, sell, or lease
ili. ir lan.N. A museum of minerals
will I.o collected at Ilarrisburg, and
when assorted and arranged, will be
an invaluable contribution to tbe ex
hibition at tie Centennial.
Do.VRP 0? PARDONS.
To comply with the provisoes of
was possible, and to satisf'" a "reasoh-
of h e puUj4 aUhe requ5
..,.,.,.
Ol 111V O'JUIU'ii, Tmiij . o .b.
year, tho Attornev!General and Sec-
retary cf the Commonwealth began
to act as a board of pardons, selecting
! a recorder, to w b jin all communica
tions and applications were to be ad
dressed, that they might be arranged
and prepared for a bearing. It was
I also made bis duty to keep minute
i fjf tLe ;rce(l;Dgs of tbe Board, to
; , . rec,.r,j the recommendation
i a llll 11 li
, fi r .,nTt.,n a;ij
the reason therefor.
1 f. t. .. .
Tl... Tl, i ir .I thus organized, with one
;or twJ jaterniUsbn, held stated
monthly meetings, when applications
having been publicly beard and every
opportunity afforded for aft.il discus
sion of th.'ir merit or the seasons
whv they should not b.; granted.
Those hearings have al some sessions
extended over a period of four days,
the sittings of the Board at times
reaching fdr into tbe night. Tbe zeal,
fidelity, and industry, with which
ihe-e men have sought for the tru'b,
entitle them to the gratitu.l" of tie
public and should secure tfcem iu cos
fid en- e.
As tl.e proceedings before tbe
i Board re wi'b tit precedent, it 19
uol s'ng'ils th it e-ron'-ons impression-
pie-, ail aj to its powers and the
form the application and discussion
should take i i behalf cf a pri-oner.
Th ci-nraw mi-take is to conceive
tint ti '- j; . nr.J has the fanctiocs of a
c-urtof re-vie v, where the errors of
the several courts of the Common
wealth may be revised and corrected.
This wis nimifestly never the inten
tion of those who f. arue J the Ct-asti-tution
and lbs c-m position cf the
I'jard, only one cf whom rau.-t r.rc
essariiy be" learned in the law, for
bids aily F-i' h onstruction.
It is a rn'sipprfcheoT'o l a!-x, to
-uppose that it is iacumbent upon the
biard t listen to exhaustive ar. 1
euborate arg-in.-i.u rcr anu i,--i;'.-.
j g.,;,; cat; ,n w.en all the textiino-
, n7 ,..jr:.jJ.i;,..i cn tne trui is aga.n
? rev;eVVCj. If thi practice should
j u;n tbe application increase.
greater pari ui ia ; uuir o.
, - f,JS:iec
I a!..'..'
to be dne, tne
v tboe connected
I w;.v, t-Le administration cf tbe law,
ijuo.
i ,,,,;re everv ciii'.-er or me law, par -
. , , .i ,i.e aad district attorney.
. f) fu:a: ,fce;r f,p:nion as to tbe pro-
rdon.
r.nTETNK-s AtD TAXA-
TION-
treat:on aad
-ri . ,.r,,o,3 aad larrt-.v; oi iw
- . r
idb-edcee" by the municipalities cf
i thrs Coir.fficcwealtl. the past few
j yea
: heD
have jistiy excited tr.e appre
,o of taxpayers, and greatly
f ..J.v
.Trriiea iu iu1
I -.rn-.en-ed their birtbcns. So enor-
'rr.oua h.i tit- evil become, that a
, - .
pror,sion was in-erted m u w
!; Constitution to ,
at th - I ..a .t
Wb;:
be ope a to
' fe('Da;cai rriuti.-irj,
- : a , .-ru'lt m.l'J 1 lA-
t t-t'
city wh-.M ia.tatedaeia