0f publication ,
- " -
,wm. ' r j . .... ,
0rilT tw rtlstmrttnued until ell mr-
1" living " Port' U
, ut tne name of lne '"wr"
r"1' ... Address -
afllce. Address
Lrnerset Printing Company.
SSI
JOHN L SCULL,
Business Manager.
rAI'L H. OATTBKB.
r t Law.
l.'- oflir In M.muKKh Blork,
':"':"', K H MnH' drugiioro.
7iX.KR " pnnBMitJT lormled
, i- M. k hi. mlMkllt HfTi-
i. 1 LP i HI. 1 1 - ,
UedWi, "T, . sumcmet nd miromwlinit
,;, U J''"J (be ptoee, few d.n
, uitrK t-oil-t hi. pB'frmlim!
Ml.- '
. r . aivl) WV .f
" - -
IIJ-' V-IL,? .. will promj tti-
U' " .ru-ttvl to Mr run In um-T
' 1.. H fV.frrnth ha
I...DV ATTORNEYS AT
.
. i.. baioe In rmldrnre of
U. au. U-ly. -
C.jl.irn. .
ATTORNEY ATLA W, SOM-
WI" I" . , i
3' '" :,.u Malnmrret.
ift in m
L 'W- .
, v-vTINF H Y. ATTOUNKY AT LAW
. u.i t nl efiiito. 4..mcHt. Ta will
"'!'.' ba'inw itniied U) hi. care with
T. . uivd irmpvns AT
sim'rwt. l'a.. will practice In Sn-
LUH tta-mwill I promptly attended to.
. TV-1 V.
,V COLLINS. DENTIST, Somerset,
t ..ili in I'" l"rt'?' 1L P ,7
1 J. .i .11 lime, he lound iitviiared Uido
ww.rt. ucaai lluiK. reMtaUmt. k
, tr Artih-ul trrthof all klnrta, and of
,M: iiiM-rtcd. All uneratkma war-
jnneT.'TO.
"L..7..1.T t-tv-ivirv AT LAW.
ra wiU attend to all burinera en-
EXRYF.SCH ELL ATTOKN EY AT LAW,
nifiir in il- "urt Hnuw. JHn. 1MI.
i. i vi u ATT1KXF.V A1 LAW.
rtwt. !'. will rive pnmpt attinti.m to
Z nMwxtf IX. Scull.
ttB! un 1'nlun (treet, llv
tKNET KOI !E
Tbc mlrrsiinil reiwrtfnllv Inform, the pnb-
' . . i.. .4 thi. wll Lnosn tM.nl in the
.uail (M wnv. . 1-
, ,ivlr wiirfc ht aip will iclve aatisfacUim to
KNETTEB. riiv?li liUi and Ientlt, Berlin,
Pa. W ill Kiv Iiruuiiit alteulioa to ail cane.
'wied to hi ere.
ill. A. i. All LLr.lv, aneriwrive
v(.ar- ..-ilrr practice In Shnnfcmrllle, has
lrmannilv l.rated at Somerset Ktneprav
,I(inf.H!i-.'n'i tenders hi. jnifoMmuiI aer-
i a iw-r.. i. lie musultcd at all times.
r-Ni?'" culls jiftunjitly anfwered.
.mif.HMiiiinnllr mrflimi.
B. il l.'-
' i PtlHTLETHWAlTK, ATTOKN EY
.ttLiw. Sumnm't, l'a. I'Turewkmal liuoi
wpedluily aulicilo-. and uuctualiy attonJ-
J. ElKiSFR.
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Somerset, Pcnaa.
(MEUSKT I'LAM XO-M I LI
POOD &, JONES,
t n.m itrcnamd to do all kinds f plaouiK ad
u:i :urii hi ouikuii( maieru.ii,
FLIKiKIXll,
WEATHER-BOABPINO,
SASH AltDIHKIKS,
WINDOW It DOOR FRAMES,
VENETIAN SHUTTERS,
BRACKETS, Ac
i- . rt.iiiythinjr generally Bed In boose build
All ol work duue u orner.
ten pnnnutly tilled.
Jf am GOOD A JONES.
DIAMOND HOTEL,
Bamucl Custer, Proprietor.
jnia been farorcd with a lanre share of iat-
l-ff a lb. past, ask (or a eoulinuanra of the
'. Ml otmmodatJiBS are nrst class, tnc
dm lanilrned at all times with the licet
surni atl.iriis. Guests eun be aeounimilat-il!tlmi-
with gtiod boarding and m reason
Won. His house lielnff roomy is always
'J u. rinive pleasure parties; also cwd and
..'H-Bisui'iiiiK tor ininv neao oi norw-s.
SAMUEL CUSTER.
r.isiis. Pt Dceembt iih, 1'i
CUXMNGIIAM,
i'ilYMClAN AND SUIJGEOX.
LAVANSV1LL;PA.
.liT14m.
lEYXoLDS, STEEN & CO.,
v
(fljf.lte SU iliarles Tlotel,)
Wisiii Ptucft, PiTTtiut Ron, Pa.,
porters f qnc DKWre and Mainirae
lurtTs of Glassware.
'IS WAKE.
ptK tl. ,i-lmi is pn iired to manufacture all
N iM SHEET I HON WARE.
m i,attj . Mi.j.iy ,f niiier aud brass
imit no,, u i.tu.1, f
Houm- I'urnisLine Goods)
'''' '" "" hop one dr west of
J'(.-. JJ.iu ;reet. SKBcrset. Pa.
NOA11CASEHEEU.
HYtlCIAX tt- SURGEON,
M)Mi:usirr, ia.
jRKAT IMiUCEMENTS.
'?'""Bilng rirst-eliiss Fruit Trees, Vines
II A RX E DS V I LLE,
S-imersct (mntv. Pa.
k'lf .P"rrue f him at lower rates than ol
f'.K'- Feb.-'!.
JHE FLO UK MILL"
" 1 " Mill built un the site of tbe
OLD -DEXXISOX MILL,"
hd Z. south of Somerset Is com
i iJir,Dn'''. It has all the latest Improve
"oine neat It I DO ol wurK
J t . I" paid fur all kinds of grain.
V A LEN TINE 11 AY.
H(iLlji ALE DEALERS IN
330 Baltimore St,
Mtimore. md.
, 7
Bmnt Card, ; .
l SllfIS AID (fflU
VOI. XXL
J, Hardware:
HARDWARE.
John P. Blymyer
Bma ritieaed hii tart a
Few, Doors Above the Old Stand,
And offers to hit enstonar and friends a full Una
of goods at the very lowest prlcM,
Hardware of Every ; Description,
IRON,
' NAILS
. ; AND GLASS,
Wooden Marc of AH Kinds,
COAL. OIL LAMPS,
COAL OIL,
CHIMNEYS,
And everything bekiuging to th Lamp trade.
WHITE LEAD,
LINSEED OIL,
VARNISHES,
BRUSHES,
PAINTS IN OIL AND DRY, AND
PAINTERS' GOODS.IN GENERAL.
A laree stoek ol
Table KiiUe and Forlaf,
ItH'KET KNIVES,
SPOONS.
SHEAKS
AND SCISSORS,
PORCELAIN LINED KETTLES, fce kc,
Tmrelhcr with rnnnv articles too numerous to men
tiim in an advcrllKvnjent. He is determined to
sell at the eery lowest prices. Oivehlm a call,
june 12-Ti.
JAMES PUG II,
MAIN STREET, SOMERSET, PA.
Is bow prejiared to manufacture all kinds of
WAGONS, SLEIGHS, Ac.
Be will also promptly attend to
None bat the BEST MATERIAL will be used.
ALL WOItK WARRANTED
Ai'. 'one in tbe latest and most approved
sty ie., tne
LOWEST POSSIBLE PKICES.
Somerset, March 6th.
IKSUEE YOUB LIFE US THE
Old Established and Reliable
AMERICA! LIFE INSDMCE COMPANY
OF PHILADELPHIA.
The attention of the 'citiiens of Somerset and
adjuiniug counties is respectfully invited te the
claims wiii-h the American Lile Insurance Ooa
pany of Philadelphia presents for their eonlidenne
and patronage. It is peculiarly a Penosylrania
Oomiany a home Comjiany and has always en
joyed the conndencc el the people of the entire
Slate. It ranks amongst the oldest Companies in
the lilted Klates, and has maintained an onw.ru
progress through nearly a quarter of a century.
Prudence aim eccinoinv. set ure investments, and
prompt jiayment of all its obligations have char-
ai-teriKeu inisoowfiany inw tui ii.i. waummwu.
With a large paid in cash capital, nearly lour anil
lions of dollars of accumulated asset, ander the
m.nsiretnrnt of srentlcmen ot undoubted Integri
ty, ami well known throughout Pennsylvania, the
American Life lwuraueelfe. itauis second tonoee
iu the United State.
orricgRS.
Oeorge W.Hill, President, George Nugent, Vice
urer, Alex Whillden, Chairman Com. on Finances.
I'replileut. Jolin IS. vt lison. nerretarr ami i reas-
board or Tai rraea.
Hon. James Poll,-k. Ex. Oov. of Pa., Bow di
recbir of U. S. Mint, J. Edgar Thomson, Presi
dent Pennnlvania It- K. IVimtisny, Allien U.
Kaliens. ncer. Eleventh ami Vine Ria. Phlla.,
Philip H. Mingle, Merchant, No, lo. Market St.,
. . . . - . .,U..II II w ..t..
men-hant, 27 Water SU, Pbiia., Isaac Haclehurst,
run., nun. Aiex. km. iwmth, v. ...
Atuimcv at Law. No. 0 Walnut Mnet, Phlla.
John Wanamaker. Nos. H18 and WO Chestnut St
aud corner ol tb and Market Sts Phils., Henry
K. Hcnuett, Merchant, Phlla., James Lv l lag
h..n l-n-.iilcnt Vimuien-lxl Nat. Hank. Phlla-
L M. Wblll.b-n, Merchant, Nos. Ju and i2 South
Fniut St. Phlla.
i.Im-I.-. i.rued on all tbe most aMiroveil puns.
Fur further inlnrmatliai apply to
X0A1I CASEBEEH,
Aaent for Ike rosapMw mt rsneraet.
dn
Ecorforalgi tj Act of LejAiire.
capital, .... $100,000
FEimEGE, , . . $500,000
Df positwTS secured tj Real Estate
ioTestments exclnslrelj.
Six Per Cent. Interest
Paid to depositor on the) oompoundinz
principle.
tfAHontitm U eWrvctea' to tho liborml pro
ritiomo for trtlhdrmwif onomeg deposit od.
Xl can he sTom n small aaeewatf s, WITHOV1
XOT1CB FROM TI1E DEPOSITOR. ,
Mi t
vrptp.
fMnieaciefU fill receire yrmpf
JAMES T. BRADY,
Proideni.
DAVID CAMPBELL,
TrtotwoT.
MixeUaneout.
JOBS DIBERT.
JOUR T ROBERTS.
JOHN DIBERT &, CO.,
TSO. 840 MAIN STREET, .
JOUXSTOff X, P, E N N A.
We sell Drafts negotiable in all parts ef the Uoi.
ted States and Gajuulaa, awl In Foreign eoaatrlei.
Huv Gold. Coupons ami Government Boa. is at
highest market prtrea, UU money on approvea
security. Drafts and Check, on other banks cash
ed. Money recen-oe oaurpoMi payaoteosi
Interred at Vie rate of Six per cent per
Annum paid on Time Deposit.
Everything la the Banking Line reoelvel our
prompt attention.
Thankful to our friends and customers for their
past patronage, we solicit a continuance of the
same, and Invite ether who here IrasineM w var
llne to give as a trial, assuring an, tnat we snail ai
all times do all we can to rive enure aaiisiaeiHa.
FeeUTe JOHN DlBEJtT n CO.
R. TJ. M. BEACnLT'S,
CELEBRATED
BLOOD PURGE !
This CraW has been In nee over twtnlf tears,
and baa cured thousands of ease considered incu
rable by the profession. It has not failed la sin
gle ease to give relief If not entirely cere.
It is particularly recommended In the following
aompuunts; ,
SICK HEADACHE. PALPITATION
OF THE HEART, LIVER
COMPLAINT, RHEUMATISM,
SKIN DISEASES, LANGUID
. CIRCULATION, &c.
in any derangement of the Bloo4. In all diseases
peculiar to lemales it la a sure ana soeerriya Kern
el.
In short, It being a Remeiy acting through the
Cirrttluftoa of Ike Blood 'on all the important or
gans and emnnotorles of the body. It will cure ai.
most any curable disease.
For sale by MEYERS AN A WALT. Berlin,
Pa- and by dealers In Family Medicines every
it here. ,
JTJST
o
RECEIVED
J
U
' AT
o
o
CQ
AI. KIPPER'S
O
NEW
GOODS,
NOTIONS,
m
o
Pi
.4 ,a xv vy v jj xw x j-i wj
FLOITR &c:
c3
Re sure to call and see, and be convinc
ed, as there are too many articles kept lor
enumeration.
CB I
P4
OPPtiSITE
1 nv.nr.itni'ii iivt
&Awn.ivn. iflAl'Uli
C3
Soiturr, ra.
July 17 A. W. KNEPPER.
gOLUHL,
WITH
A. H. Franciscus & Co.,
laroBTER AV DEALERS 19
COTTON YARN S,BATTS, WICK,
Twine and Ropes,
I.OOKI50 GLASSES, CLOCK", FANCY BASKET
Wooden and Willow Ware, &c,
ARrrACTUBEES AID JOBBKBB OR
CAItPETINO,
OIL CLOTHS, MATTING, RUGS, &c,
bli Market Street and 610 Commerce Street,
Philadelphia,
Junel0.tf.
FOR SALE. A
A second-hand
15 Horse Power Steam Engine
AND
BOILER,
With JUDSON GOVERNOR,., all complete
Address W. W, McKAIG k Son.
Sept. its. Cumberland, Bid.
FURNITURE.
LEMON & WEISE,
The ! I an I well kniwa firm of Lemoa A Wels
of Pill SULHU11, Pa., Uauufacturcrs ol
CaM Mtiire and Mil
Have Removed to
xo. Ill Fourth' Ave,
0.jiodte their old stand,
Where they continue the buslncs in all Its branches.
sept Si.
WM, BOOSE & Co.
FflOPERS &MCH11STS,
SALISBURY, : : PENHFA.,
Maaufactarers of all kinds of '
CASTINGS & MACHINERY
Orders by au.ll promptly attended to. .
Address WM. HOOSE h. CO.,
Salisbury, Elkllck P. U. Somerset oo., Pa.
Oct. IS.
. .
MaaBfaetnrcn of and Dealers la
". AND ..
CURTAIN GOODS,
Furniture Dealers Sujpliei at Low
est Wholesale Rates. I
No. 100 Third Ave.,
a
l PITTSBURGH, PA. f
. . -- . : -X'. j-; '
Oppoaite J. W. vTaodweU'i FTBltfJreWr-
rooms. nov. .
- . , . . : j ; ' X ...... ---..'- -.. .. -.-.v . . ,-t....... . . ,. : .
SOMERSET, PA.,
BLB88IKUS 151 DISUCISE.
Mine eyes were stiffened with the last night's tear
Aad ary brow achod toe hcavliy to weep, , ;.
Opprost with swtow past anJ future 6-Jin, ;.
Too weary te awake too sad to sleep.
With Italics head I drew away Iks bllad
To look where lay the morning (Sail sid gray,
I keard as whisper of the cold night wind,
' jMWBeaeaBtoehaaethe'glooniaway.-' '
Spread like a momlag veil ea every hill
Hong jcheerleal mist, through which tbe dark
dawa crept; '
The ram drops oa the trees lay eold aad sUU,
Like tear of ene who In his sleep bath wept .
Badly I turned and laid me dowii again
Till sorrow leaden trance my sense did steal.
As those who lulled by very ttregth of pain
Forget their pain awhile and eease to feeL .
So passed the hours away, and I awoke j
Bat while I slept the world had traveled on :
The daasp mist rolled away, the morning broke, -And,
pouring radiance forth, Rproie the tun.
The purple kills were tinged with Urlng light, ,
The grass was waving la the morning breete, .
Like sparkling gems the rain-drops of the night
In rainlmw howort were glittering from the
' trees. ' ---
t.; ! -; : ' 't 'J f. " i .... --.1.'
Thcsjny heart welted too, and the deep gluoto
Passed like the dreaxy morning ajhu away; ,
Tbe sua abone warn and bright Into my room, "u '
. And I rose ap from my dull trance to pray." ,
0 God, mostnercirul ! His ever so;
While thankless bub feels hot the present pain ;
A ad lies steeped In the wearlaees of woe, ,
Thy step is drawing near to heal again.
Then teach at, Lord, to bow beneath the tod, ,
Even for the chastisement to love that more; -To
trust the mercy of the loving Qed,
1 Aad In the very blow Hit hand adore.
So shall we walk through our life's chequer'd day,
Safe from Its noontide heat. Its evening blight,
Till tbe last hoar of gloom shall past sway, .
Aad leave at to awake In endless light
If. F. Tribmnt. 1 '
THE 4JOVEK3IOB-B MESRAVE.
To the Senate and House of Repre-
. senlativesof the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania:
Gentlemen: In oliedience to the
requirements of the Constitution, I
have the honor of transmitting to
you my sixth annual message. . Since
your last meeting the general course
... . j x- . i
or events, Doin otaie ana national,
has been so propitious as to afford
abundaut cause for mutual congratu
lation, and of thanksgiving to that
Almighty Providence whose will con
trols the destinies of all. While we
have been exempt from the calamity
by fire that has befallen the .metropo
lis of a great sister State, her misfor
tune has inured to tbe benefit of our
people by the enlistment of that sym
pathy for the suffering which is one
of the oidst-ennobling sentiments of
the human heart, - .The seasons,
though not so favorable for the pro
ductions of our soil as in some past
years, have been sufficiently fruitful ;
and no general epidemic has appear
ed to disturb the pursuits, or fill with
sorrow the hearts of our population.
Oar mining industries, manufactures
and internal commerce are being con
stantly enlarged and extended, and
their enterprising proprietors are gen
erally receiving remunerative returns.
, A great political conflict has occur
red, resulting in a signal triumph - of
the same principles tuat were assert
ed in the restoration of tne Union,
the amendments of the Constitution,
and the reconstruction of the States.
The victory in Pennsylvania was de
cisive of the victory in the Nation,
and will ever be remembered as an
inestimable contribution to tbe har
mony, prosperity and glory of tbe
countrv. The election of the soldier,
who "is first in war," to tbe office that
makes him "first in" peace,", was an
appropriate exhibition of national
gratitude, and inspires the deepest
feelings of satisfaction "in the hearts
of his countrymen."
While the Constitution wisely with
holds from the Governor all power of
interference in legislation, it imposes
upon him the duty of laying before
the General Assembly such iuforma
tion as the state of affairs, and recom
mending to their consideration such
measures as he may deem expedient
and important to the public welfare.
I am happy to inlorm you that
peace and irood order have been main
tained by the enforcement of just and
equal laws, and tbe legitimate exer
cise of authority continues to find an
enduring basis of support in the in
telligence, affections and moral sense
of the people.
FINANCES.
The credit of the State remains un
questioned abroad, because her pub
lic faith has been inviolably maintain
ed at home. The following condensed
statement of the receipts, expendi
tures and indebtedness of the Com
monwealth is respectfully submitted :
Receipts. Balance In Treasury
. November Mth, 1(171
Ordinary receipts during the fis
cal year ending Nov. 30, IfcTA
Total In Treasury during year
ending Nov. 80th, 1b7
Disbursements Ordinary expen
ses paid during year enuimr
November 30, 187'J.,
Lnnns. Ax., redeemed
Interest on loaiis paid
Total disbursements
Balance ia Treasury November
30th, M72
ruBLIC DEBT.
The public debt on
N..V. 30.1H7I .. 40(.J,W1 T3
Add Cbamlirrturg
certificates... . SW.74 M '
Add Agricultural
College Lind
Scrip luad. held
In trust, as per
Ai-t approved
Aprils, 1872.... MAMWOtO
Deduct amount paid by Commis
sioners or the Sinking Fund
during tbe year ending Nov.
30, ltna . . .r
Public debt Nov. 30, t878-.;.-T. .
Deduct assets In
Sinking Fund.. e,00,000 09
And cash balance
In Treasury .... 1,4S2,4M 81
Amount of assets
and cash
1,471,808
7,148,(37
A2.M0.8.I1 U
Z.478.S-U 00
LTutt.osl W
A7,14'A!M 43
l,44CZ4i" ol
2,7;9,S20 at
- a,47.320 Oo
27,303,44 4
10,782.44 61
Balance ef public debt unprovid
ed for.... l,Ba,03o s
which .can be extinguished in ten
years by the annual payment of one
million six hundred thousand dollars.
Durimr tbe last six vcars navnients
o ef a a
on tbe debt have been made as fol
lows:
Amount paid in 1M7..
1,781.844 SO
. 1.414.818 S4
472,408 1
. 1,70X879 OS
. 2.131.W0 17
. X,47,32 00
Do..
Do..
., INW....
.. 1870....
.. 1H71....
.. U72....
Do..
Do..
Do..
Total payments lu.tvxatH M
Being a little over twenty-nine per
cent, on the debt due December 1,
18G6, which was then $37,704,407 77.
SINKI.NO fund.
In remarking upon this subject, I
trust it will be instructive to refer,
briefly, to some of tbe facts relating
to the accumulation and payment of
the public debt, and the origin of the
assets arising, from tbe sale of the
public improvements.
However . wise vur predecessors
were in opening' avenues for trade
WEDNESDA1 JANUAIiY 22. 1873;
and commerce, and It 'jer... great
were tbe benefits rcsuK tj tbe peo
ple from the internal ic . -tmemU of
tbe Sute, it is obviotr ; at while
those of other Stitei.jr Jr failed, to
become source of rere v man
agement of ours waaai ia to pro
duce results wideii ! Jefeut -A
large majority of tax-j eru, there
fore, after long and patic I. endurance,
becoming disRatisfied their man
agement, demanded the" should ; be
sold ; assuming it treoir a measure
of economy, and , wol 1 prevent an
increase of tbe publico Rations. r ...
! The , construction of ie improve
ments resulted in a pul!c debt.whicn,
in 1852, reached Its mathim, $41,624,
875 37. Tbe Interest, premiums and
other expenses that hate lieen .paid
upon the debt, from fta!ocipiency to
November 30, 1872, aaii tip $76,845,
744 89; and mate the entire expen
diture on account of the public works,
$118,370,620 36. " V' ' :,: - '
' In pursuance of law tho State ca
nals and railroads were sold in 1807
for eleven million dollars in' nonds,
upon which tbe State has received
$1,700,000 in cash, and $9,300,000 re
main in the hands of the Commis
sioners of the Sinking t'und,' as fol
lows, viz: . r "!'" '-rr'Jr
Bondsof the Pennsylvania Ball-' "
road Company, ;aeeraa ay ..' t :
" Uea on the Philadelphia and .
Oilumbia Railroad ' a4.MO.000
Thirty-vebediOfthsAltoraeay j j . i:r
V alley naiiruau vawijmmj,
each krr tlM.eeO. guaraiilrli 'i ; ,M . :;
bytaePeansylvBBl Bailsna.l
txtmnany, Kortnern Central
Philadelphia and Erie Ball
road Cempeny, payable .
UO annually, aegiaBiasj Jea. -uary,
187 a, bearing Or per
cent, interest from January
L 1873.. .... , ...tr,
Amount ot asset.. .-..'.'
':i
1500,000
BEMABK8 ONTHXFOBIOOkRO FINANCIAL
' STATIMINTS. :'
The proper ' and efficient manage
ment of tne . finances is one or the
most important duties of the adminis
tration of the State gdycrnment Tbe
collection of tbe revenue; the eco
nomical expenditure,1, the safe keeping
of the public moneys, and well-guarded
appropriation bills, are always
questions of deep interest to the tax
payers of the State. ,"-"
It is a lasting honor to the people of
Pennsylvania, that they have never,
even when straggling under the most
oppressive burdens, permitted the in
tegrity, of the State to bo doubted,
and now it cannot lie otherwise than
gratifying to them to learu the rapid
extinguishment of the public indebt
edness, the greater part of which was
incurred for improvements, which, as
herein, already shown,' utterly : failed
to be advantageous to her coffers. .
The rapid reduction of the State
debt, and the . reduction of taxation,
have gone hand in sand throughout
ray entire administration, and have
constituted a marked portion ' of its
jwlicy, attesting, at the same time,
the concurrence aad ' wisdom -of the
Legislature, and the fidelity of those
who have been the' custodians of
the pubjic funds. 1 .ILlU' " '
This policy should oe continued,
and no attempt to cover up or conceal
the actual expenses of the government
should be made for the purpose of ob
taining the people's consent to appro
priations, or enterprises of donbtful
propriety : which propositions, if
coupled with a condition to raise
money by immediate and direct taxa
tion, would be unhesitatingly rejected.
The Legislative appropriations,
during the last six years, made in aid
of tbe various institutions for the sup
port of the deaf, dumb, blind, insane
feeble-minded, friendless, wanderers,
orphans, soldiers' homes, hospitals,
universities, bouses of correctiou, pen
itentiaries, and tbe payment of milita
ry expenses, incurred daring the war;
expenses of government, common
schools, and Soldiers' Orphans'
Schools, amount to ' about seven
teen million dollars, i
The expenses of the Soldiers' Or
phan's Schools alone, during tbe same
time, is $3,467,543 11, and, although
it is a most notable and patriotic ex
penditure, it is, nevertheless, an unu
sual one, and if such a necessity had
not existed, the reduction of the State
debt, during their existence would
have been nearly fifteen million dol
lars. : :-,:':!
During tbe past six years, tbe cur
rent of legislation has been steadily
in favor of reduced taxation. Not
only have numerous local laws been
enacted, exempting churches, ceme
teries, schools, hospitals and other in
stitutions from taxation, but many
general la vs of the same character
have been passed, as is shown by the
followiug enumertion-:
By the "act to amend the revenue
laws," approved, February 23, 18GC,
all real estate in the Commonwealth
was thereafter made exempt from tax
ation for State purposes.
1 By the act approved March 30,
lM(i(), all persons who served nine
months or upwards in tbe military ser
vice, or who were honorably dis-
t-harired therefrom bv reason of
wounds or physical disability con
tracted therein, and their property,
were exonerated from all bounties
and per capita tax and military fines.
The act of April 29, 18C7, repealed
all laws requiring payment of taxes
to the State on - sales of loans and
stocks by auctioneers.
By the act of April 10, 1867. all
trustees or owners of property to the
value of thirty-five thousand dollars,
used for soldiers' orphans' schools,
were exempted : from all "county,
road, city, borough, poor and school
taxes." ;
By the act of April 4, 1868, and
the supplements thereunto, "all mort
gages, judgments, recogniznaces and
moneys owing upon articles of agree
ment for the sale of real estate," were
made "exempt from all taxation,- ex
cept for State purposes:,' :
By act approved January 3d, 1863,
all laws therein recited were repeal
ed, which imposed taxes upon "the
shares of stock held by any stockhol
der in any institution or company,
incorporated under the laws of this
State, which in its corporate capacity,
is liable to, and pays into the State
Treasury tbe tax on capital stock im
posed" by tbe acts therein recited.
The act of June 2d, 1871, repealed
so much of the law of April 29th, 18
44, as imposed a tax of two per cent,
on the capital stock of all corporations
and professions. .
And by tbe act of April 3d, 1872,
tbe sixth section of the law of April
21st, 1854, was repealed, which' im
posed a tax of one-half of one per cent
pn the capital stock of all corpora
tions created under laws "to enable
joint tenants, tenants in common, and
adjoining . owners of mineral .lands,
to manage and develop the same.
In view of these facts, the, practi
cal questions now are, can any furth
er, reductions - bo . properly made
And tf so, on what subjects Ji M r
r Heretofore, on several occasions, J
have invited the attention ef the Leg
islature to the., importance , of adopt
ing a more liberal r policy- towards
those citizens who are engaged in in
dustrial . enterprises.: which!, employ
large; numbers of: wrkingmen, and
tend to develop the-resources of, the
Commonwealth. - Involving - great
risks, and requiring for tboir success
ful conduct a large amount of capital,
these operations have been, in tbe
main, conducted by associations, , or
ganized under tbe general laws which
regulate the - incorporation, of manu
facturing, piining and improvement
companies., These laws,;' while they
resemble, id , their 'principal features
tbe liberal systems , in other States,
fail in their ostensible purpose of en
couraging manufacturing industry,
because the privileges tbey grant are
enourmously burdened with taxation.
' This may.be illustrated by suppos
ing the case of twenty , persons, who
each subscribe five thousand dollars
to the stock of a company organized
for the purpose of producing oil, or
miuingore or coal, or manufacturing
cotton or woolen goods, iron or steel,
or any other commodity. The fund
thus created must be expended in
lands, ' buildings and permanent im
provements, which are taxable for all
purposes to the same extent as if they
were owned by an individual opera
tor. ' In addition totbis the company
must pay a bonus of one-fourth of one
per cent, to the Commonwealth upon
its stock amounting to tbe sum- of two
hundred and fifty dollars; It is there
after liable to a tax upon its capital
stock at the rate ofione-holf mill for
each ono per cent of dividends made
or declared.:, In case of no dividends
having been made or declared, then
three mills upon the appraised value
of the stock. Also, a tax of three
per cent, upon the entire amount ' of
net earnings or income. Also, a tax
of five per cent, on all interest paid
to bondholders and other , creditors.
(For all these taxes, see aet of May
1,1808.) j. , - r ,
; An individual, wealthy enough to
furnish a hundred thousand dollars in
similar business, " would be . wholly
free from these exactions. , The State
imposes none of these burdens upon
him. It does not keep an espionage
upon bis business, or demand from
him sworn statements of his . annual
profits. It discriminates in bis fa
vor against the association of small
capitalists which it professes to en
courage. And.i without sharing in
any of tbe stockholder's risks, it
makes itself a partner in their profits
and follows. tbem. with a grasping
hand, and a never-ceasing official
vigilance of an inquisitorial character
over their affairs.
Such conditions are unknown to
the laws of New England, New
York and other rival manufacturing
States, which, without exception,
carefully prohibit duplicating of taxes
upon their own industry. Stock in
manufacturing companies is general
ly taxed by them at its value, like
other personal property of other indi
viduals iu the region where the land
are located." It is by such liberal
provisions that these States have fos
tered their industries and maintained
a monopoly of capital and supremacy
in manufactures. '
The Western and Southern States,
for many years our customers, are be
ginning to lie our rivals, and desiring
to draw to themselves tbe benefits
flowing from diversified industry,
they arecnactingthe roost liberal laws
for the encouragement of corporate
and individual efforts "to establish
manufactories, and in addition to this,
towns are giving largo subsidies to
secure the erection of mills and fac
tories within then limits. Notwith
standing the discovery of large bod
ies of coal in the western States and
their close proximity to vast masses
of pure ores, Pennsylvania would
still possess at least equal if not su
perior, attractions for the investment
of capital, were it not for her oppres
sive tax laws; all of which have a
tendency to drive capitalists beyond
her borders to seek locations less bur
dened for their investments.
Nothing but a very strong necessi
ty could justify such a variety of tax
es upon the same thing. And if any
justification ever existed I believe it
to exist no longer, the time lias
comewhen.wit h the proper diligence in
collecting and economy in experidi
turcs,the State can well afford a reduc
tion of taxation; and legislation in that
direction should be such as to relieve
the undue burdens of taxation from
every form of productive industry. I
would therefore recommend that the
enrolment of tax upon private acts
chartering industrial companies
when organized under general laws,
be considered a full equivalent to tbe
Commonwealth for the privileges of
a charter ; and that all State taxes
upon capital stock, net earnings and
dividends of manufacturing, mining,
and improvement companies, and all
co-operative- associations, be repeal
ed. This reduction will amount to
$549,554 23 the sum collected last
year. . I also recommend the repeal
of that revenue known in the Audi
tor General's report as "Tax on
Loan9," which ainonuts to $492,
407 23. 1
It is confidently believed that with
these proposed reductions, which
amount to $1,041,961 51, the State
can still pay all her current expenses,
the interest on the public ' debt, and
make an annual reduction of at least
one million five hundred thousand
dollars upon the principal.
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS AND OF
AGRICULTURE.
By an act approved April 12, 1872,
establishing a "Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics and of Agriculture," the -Governor
was authorized to appoint a
Commissioner of that Department.
Accordingly Thomas C. Macdowell,
of Dauphin county, was appointed.
He immediately established his office
in the Capitol building, as required
by an act, and commenced the work
of collecting the necessary informa
tion and arranging the statistical
tables, in proper and convenient form
to be laid before the Legislature, and
for distribution among our citizens.
The functions of tbe; commissioner
embrace tbe examination of nearly
all the varied industries of the State,
and are defined in tbe act as follows :
"The duties of such, an officer shall
bo to collect, coinpilo and systematize,
with reference to the subject of labor
in its relations to fbe social, education
al, industrial and condition, wages
and treatment of .ail classes ef ; work
ing" people, and bow the , same affect
our permanent prosperity, and produc
tive industry. , It shall also, be the
duty of such Bureau to collect, and
classify statistics relating to the min
eral, manufacturing, agricultural and
commercial productions of this Com
monwealth.', 'The fourth-, section1
mate it tbe duty of tbe chief of such'
Bureau to report annually to the Leg
islature, in convenient fornv the, ro
suit of bis investigations .,' 1-
The act does not. appropriate ,any
money to defray the necessary - con
tingent expenses of putting the Dc-
. ' . ' - i t ' a '
t'uiuuuui ah woraiiig oruer, nor uoes
it prescribe tbe manner of obtaining
the information, required, or , that it
shall bo furnished I and it leaves the
Commissioner without any means by
which ho can obtain it except by the
voluntary act of those engaged in
business. . Thero were evidently
oversights which vill doubtless be
corrected by an appropriation, and by
the passage' of suciV enactments as
will unable the .Commissioner to pro
cure, from tbe proper sources, the in
formation required to carry out the
intent and meaning of .tie law. '
! i When it is remembered that Penn
sylvania ranks second in population,
second in manufactures, and sixth as
a wheat-growing State, and " first in
point of mineral wealth and recources
among the States" of the Union, it
should not be a question of dollars
ana cents whether her vast and var
ied resources shall be left to be devel
oped by the slow process , of casual
discovery, or be properly introduced
to the notice of-capitalists, at home
and abroad, by authorized and official
statements of facts. , " ' 1
The information: thai : will be fur
nished will not only be of great prac
tical value to the citizens of the State,
but will afford the representatives of
the people,' who are' charged from
year to year with the responsibilities
onegislation; the best and most com
pendious source of information,' the
importance bt which. can only estimat
ed by experience. -1
1 Pennsylvania stands pr-ecminent
for her mineral resources, 'possessing
as she does, the only known anthra
cite coal fields, of any' conseqnencc,
whilst her iron ores and oil art a
source of inexhaustible wealth, that
defies computation. A . few ' items
only are necessary to prove 'the - cor
rectness of the?e remarks. The pro-1
ductions of coal from tbe anthracite
regions in 1820, was 136 tons; in
1870 it reached the enormous amount
of 19,951,585 tons, and it i3 'estimat
that tbe product will be swelled in
1872 to upwards of 22,000,000 tons.
If the increaes in the production of
anthracite coal has been so rapid and
wonderful in a' period of fifty-two
years, who can estimate its growth
within the next half century f The
productions of our bituminous coal
fields, in 1870, foots up 14,968.465
tons. The two make an aggregate
of 34,920,050 tons for that year.
Meanwhile, the development and
growth of the oil productions of the
northwestern counties, almost chal
lenges the credulity of our people.
From August, 1859, when Drake
sunk the fijst well, to the close of
1864, the production was 221 000,000
gallons, yielding the sum of $29,820,
000. In 1864, abont 62,000,000 gal
lons were refined, the average price
of which, in bond, at New York,
(sixty-two cents per gallon,) gave a
value of $38,440,000. The entire
production, np to 18fi8, was 327,692,
224 gallons, equal to 8,493,339 barrels
of crude oil. ;
There is no doubt the future re
ports of the Commissioner will dis
close an equally rapid increase in the
production of oil, and other facts con
cerning it not less gratifying.
Tbe remunerative prices paid at
present for pig metal is inducing the
erection of a large number of first
class furnaces, which will materially
increase the wealth of the State, and
give a new impetus to other branches
of business depending upon their pro
ducts for active and profitable results
in the near future.
There are other questions of much
interest to the public welfare, which
can only be evolved with any degree
of certainty by careful investigations;
such as those affecting tbe health,
comfort and general well-being of the
people, but more especially the indus
trial classes, who arc the main de
pendence of the State for its continu
ed prosperity. The question of labor,
in all its relations , is one that con
stantly engages a large share of at
tention, and the subject can only be
intelligently and properly legislated
upon, after the recearchesof thestatis
tian are laid before the Legislature,
with such accompanying testimony,
as will reduce to a demonstration the
abuses which exist in our social sys
tem. Much might be-said in this
connection, but our patience shall not
be unduly taxed by more extended
observations, as. I am confident the
question of labor, in all its relatious,
cannot fail to engage the serious at
tention of enlightened and patriotic
representatives.
In view of all the facts connected
with tbe Bureau of Statistics, I most
earnestly bespeak for it a liberal ap
propriation, as well as the fostering
care of the Legislature.
CONGRESSIONAL APPORTIONMENT.
On the night prior to the adjourn
ment ef the Legislature at its last
session, a bill was submitted for my
approval apportioning the State into
Congresssonal districts, for the period
of ten years, under the national cen
sus of 1870. The enactment was
highly objectionable in many of its
features ; and Congress then had un
der consideration a supplemental bill
proposing an increase of representa
tives, that would give one additional
member to this State. This after
wards became a law, thereby giving
to Pennsylvania twenty-seven meui
tfers to Congress instead of twenty
six as provided for in the legislative
enactment of tbe last session. The
latter having failed to receive Execu
tive approval, the Congressional elec
tions last October were held under
NO. 32.
tbe former law, and tbe three auiuon
al members apportioned to the' State
chosen as members , ac: large by the
vote of tbe pcoplc. j Hence the duty
of enacting another apportionment
bill devolves upou. the, present Leg-
lature, and I request for it that care
ful and patriotic consideration re
quired by tbe magnitude of the in
terests involved. ... . t -
U STATS TREASURER. ( . ,
.- The sixth section of tbe sixth article
of the Constitution declares that
: "A State Treasurer shall be elected
annually by 'joint vote of both
branches of tbe Legislature." .
But the Legislature ; by joint res
olution, passed at. two consecutive
sessions, and approved by popular
.vote at tne last uetooer election, has
amended this part of the Constitution,
by striking- out the section ' above
quoted, and inserting in . place there
of the following : -
: "A State Treasurer shall fie chosen
by the qualified electors of the State,
at such times and for snch term of
ser vice as shall )x prescribed by law."
1 he adoption of this amendment
will be officially 'proclaimed on-the
second Tuesday of January, 1873,
and will supersede existing laws for
the election of State Treasurer by
the Legislature!,' Inasmnch , as . no
provision seems to have been " made
by law fjr filling this office, from the
first Monday of May next nntil an
election con bo had by the people
under the amended Constitution I
invite the attention of the Legislature
to this condition of the subject, and
recommend such action as will ea'rry
out the amendment, and in the mean
time secure so important an interest
of the Commonwealth. -
EDUCATION.
Whith great propriety the Superin
tendent in the opening of his able re
port, congratulates the people upon
the continued growth and prosperity
of our public schools. . -
, Tbeir progress is clearly indicated
by comparing the expenditures of the
last six years, with those of the six
years prior to 1867, viz :
Total cost ibr tuition from 1837 to
1872 BXO.iT8.Zi8 61
Total emt tV tuition from 1881 to '
1S73-1. ,.. 12,744,08171
. as, 833,108 M
tl.VJlX 11
ie.S00.ug 51
Total expenditures of the system
from 1867 toi87l . . . j
Total expenditures of tbe system
irom 1801 to isob
Increase tJ3.3n.801 so
Pennsylvania, less fortunate than
many or her sister states, has no
school fund. , The legislative appro
priations amount only to about six
hundred thousand dollars annually;
but the people in the several districts,
voluntarily vote all other moneys
nocessary - to support the . schools.
The foregoing statements briefly ex
hibit tbe deep and increasing interest
entertained in behalf of popular edu
cation. ' - ' . . .
Intelligence and virtue aro conced
ed to. be indispensable conditions of
the permanent existence and prosper
ity of any form of government The
necessity of these supports increases
in proportion as the areaof freedom
and privilege is enlarged. It follows
from these unquestioned maxims, that
the demand for general education is
more imperative in the United States
tbau in any other country. Oar Con
stitution recognizes tbe people as the
inherent source of all power. All
participate in the great act of creat
ing the country's rulers. Tbe ballot
decides all questions of choice, and
fills all official positions, from that of
tbe chief magistrate of tbe nation to
that of the lowest town officer. This
supreme and resistless power of uni
versal suffrage, at once suggests the
absolute necessity of universal edu
cation. The truth of these premises
admitted, no argument is required to
establish the conclusion.
Tbe common school system doubt
less owes its origin to a common con
viction that co people can be properly
and permanently self-governing,
whose intelligence is unequal to the
comprehension of tbeir rights, privi
leges and responsibilities, or whose
virtues arc too feeble and imperfect
to retain them from a violation of
those duties which they owe to their
Creator and to each other.
When the system was introduced,
thirty-eight years ago, it was gener
ally viewed in the light of an experi
ment The act creating it made its
adoption dependent upon the vote of
the people in their respective districts.
Tbeir reluctant and tardy acceptance
of the priceless boon is neither matter
of surprise to us nor reproach to
tbem, when all the circumstances are
duly considered. Its present popu
larity is indicated by the entire ab
sence of complaint and a still more
significant readiness, by tbe people, to
assume the expenses requisite for its
constant improvement and efficient
application. Doubtless many years
must elapse before the full fruition of
its . influences can be received, but
meanwhile, it will be gradually
moulding the popular mind into more
perfect conCormity with- the require
ments of our free institutions.
Fortunately the old prejudice,
against the system no longer-exists ;
but indifference, to a lamentable ex
tent occupies its place. From the
report of the Superintendent it ap
pears that the number of children in
the State, who do not attend school
exceeds seventy-five thousand. This
criminal neglect is most prevalent in
the cities. In Philadelphia twelve
per cent of the children between the
ages of five and fifteen years do not
attend school But more significant
and alarming still, of the whole num
ber registered as attendants, forty-six
per eent are absent from the daily
sessions. In the State at large the
unregistered amount to six per cent,
and the absentees to thirty-three per
cent. And, as was naturally to be
expected, the resulting ignorance from
this neglect has proved a truitiul
source of crime. Sixteen per cent of
the inmates of the State prison are
unable to read.
Obviously, therefore, it is not suffi
cient that the State makes ample pro
vision, oucn measures should be im
mediately adopted as would secure a
universal participation of the benefit
The children aro not to blame. They
naturally preter freedom and amuse
ment to the confinement and studies
of the school room. Parents and
guardians are the parties with whom
the State must deal. ' She owes it
like to her own peace and security,
and to the highest welfare of the
children who are to be her future
citizeps, to see that tbey shall be rev
cued from the perils of ignorance. -
After careful and anxious delibera
tion upon all the fact., and their ine
vitable ..consequences, J recommend
the adoption tf a compulsory system
oi cnsi-:i(;on. i nut a i:w to
?ffwt will rH.-ounter objections is tot
tu lie doubted j for irt view of the pro
bability of sueh a measure, its oppo
nents have already cuuiracnccd to
marshal their forees. ; ,..; , :
In Norway, Sweden aud Prussia
this nyKteni was first adopted, arid
such have been its salutary effects
that other European governments
have made haste tr foMow-their ex
ample. Austria,' admonished by the
defeat of' Sadowa, France by th
crushing disaster at Sedan, and Eng
land by the possibility , of a real
"battle of Dorking," have decreed by
statute that all, Jtheijr children shall be
taught to read and writW, Influenced
by a v6avictien that knowledge gives
increased prowess in war as well as
capacity and integrity for tbe peaee--ful
pursuits of life. " And it is a fact
of striking significance that none of
the States that have passed such en
actments have abandoned or repealed
tbem. , .. . . . . ,
In passing from this topic, of para
mount importance to the future well-
luilfli, ftf tli. s"1sttvim.,ftaraklrh : I nvt.
hesitatingly express the hope that tbe
day is net distant when, through the
Bureau of National Education, sec
onded by the concurrent legislative
action of the States every child in
the. American Union, without refer
ence to creed, caste, color or condi
tion, Will be thoroughly and effectually
instructed in all th elementarv
branches of English education, and
that uniform text books, setting forth
the true history , and theory of our
National and fctate Governments, will
be provided and introduced into all
tbe schools of the counrry. Approx
imation of thought and opinion on
these subjects is of vital consequence
to the permanence of tbe Union, and
the stability of our republican insti
tutions. . Had sueb a measure been
opportunely initiated, the war of the
rebellion would scarcely have been
possible.' 1 -
Shotllil vou deem rnur rwinrera in.
adequate to enact stmabte- laws upon
this subject, tbe Constitutional Con
vention, now in session, should not
hesitate to habilitate you with such
authority, and thus lend their aid and
influence in making Pennsylvania the
vanguard in the great mission of uni-
versa! education.
From the report of the Superin
tendent of Soldiers' Orphans Schools,
and other sources Jcel fullv.author
rzed in assuring you they were never
before in a more flourishing and pros
perous condition. - - -' ;
Vtrncv el.il. I I,,.,,!!-. -i:ri.1n 1
haviag made application, is now ad
mitted to these .schools The - whole
number of admissions since I3C5 is
6,429; the discharges from all causes,
2,902, leaving in attendance 3,527.
No larger number will probably here
after be attained1,- smd-rt may confi
dently be expected that this "number
will be subject Ho an annual reduction
of at least five hundred, until the
system shall have, accomplished its
mission. ' . -.
The entire expense of these schools "
in the State,' sincc they went into
nnpratinn !n ISfiri Jo. 1 Ai7 it? II
Their cost during the laat. year was
$475,245- 47. It is estimated by tbe
Superintendent that , the future ex
pense, to the period of their final ex
tinction, will not exceed one million
five hundred thousand dollars. .
The, health of the : children has
been excellent. Their . exemption
from small-pox, while it was prevail
: - it j .i 'in.
iiigf m aruuuu inein, is reiuanaoir;
and no stronger evidence of good
management and the propitious re
sults of systematic vaccination, could
be adduced. The exemplary eonduct
of the pupils after their discharge is
one of the most gratifying circum
stances connected with their history.
The following statement of the
Superintendent will be highly satis
factory to the Legislature and the
people: "From the beginning of
these schools to the present the
greater part of the children who have
received their advantages have been
honorably discharged. And from the
facts in the possession of the depart
ment it appears that more than
ninety-eight per cent are doing well,
and seem likely to become upright and
useful citizens."
Among the Si ates of the American
Union, Pennsylvania stands pre
eminent in her "care lor the soldier
who has borne the battle, and for his
widow and orphan children.7 Her
noble scheme for clothing, educating,
maintaining and adopting the orphan
children of her soldiers who gave
tbeir lives in defense of the National
Union, is her own invention. In this
the generosity of her people has been
imitated, but not equaled by those of
any other State. To her will forever
be accorded the leadership in this
work of benevolence. It will form
the brightest page of her history. . It
will seal the devotion of her people
to the common country; and our Leg
islators, in view of its benign influ
ences, will continue to accord a eheer
ful and liberal support to a system so
fruitful in blessing to the orphan chil
dren of our martyred heroes.
Upon no material interest of the
State is' the influence of education
more salutary than that of agricul
ture. Pennsylvania, by wise legisla
tion, has authorized tbe purchase of
three experimental farms, and the es
tablishment of a college! of which
are now in successful operation, and
the results of the "scientific working
of farms have already added much
practical knowledge upon the general
subject .
Tbe Agricultural College has just
closed a most prosperous year the
number of students being one hun
dred and fifty which exceeds that
of any year sinee the opening of the
institution. Any one, of three
courses, is optional to the students,
viz : Agricultural, scientific or classi
cal, to all of which is added a general
course of military instruction.
Tbe admission of females, which
was first permitted sixteen months
ago, has thus far worked exceedingly
well. Thirty young women have
availed themselves of the opportunity
thus afforded to obtain a first class
education. 1
All students are taught to regard
labor as beneficial and . honorable.
The rule of the college requiring ten
hour9 manual labor per week from
the students is cheerfully complied
with, and results advantageously to
their health and comfort
This State institution is pre-emi-nently
the Teople's CdUege. Its
preparatory department receives
students at a low grade, as well as
those more advanced. This school is
"cheap enough for the poorest and
good enough for the richest" either
in mind or estate, and it affords
healthful-exercise, instruction in use
ful labor, and free tuition in every
branch of its ample courses of study.
BOARD OF PUBLIC CHARITIES.
The eminent and philanthropic gen
Continued on fourth page."