II' ' ' I ,
Elf
mtraatL
NEW SERIES, VOL. 14, NO. 12.
SUNBURY, NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, PA. SATURDAY, JUNE 15, 1861.
OLD SERIES, VOL. 22. NO 4-
(Lit
The Sunbury American.
PUBLISHED EVERY (SATURDAY
BY H. B. MASSER.
Market Square, Sunburg, Penna.
TERMS OF SUBS CR1PTION.
TWO 0OLI.A& pf sd half year
y in advanse. No tkm discontinued until su. arrearages
'r,,,",, TO CLUBS:
Three Copies to one address ! SJ
Seven do. do Jg
Fifteen do. do. WOO
Flvs dollara in advance will pay foi three yeer'e eub
sciiption to the American. .
soelraa.tere will plome act out Aeenta, nd Dana
letter, containing subscription money. They sre ptmit
ted to do thi. auder the Post Office Law.
-r k rt m a or a n v FRTitiwo.
One Square of 11 liner 3 time.,
Everv subsequent insertion,
One Square, 3 month.,
Si month.,
One yenr,
Bminea. Card, or Five line., per nuum,
Merchants ami others, sdverlislnfhy the veer,
with the privilege of inssttingdifferenlsaver-
ti.einenls weekly.
CT Largei Advertlaemente, a. per agreement
l no
3 oo
oo
e oo
a oo
10 oo
job rnin ii""-
We have connected with oor establiehmenl well se
lected JOB OFFICE, which will anable n. to execute
intha nentert .tyle, every variety ol Bruiting.
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
SUZTBTJBir, PA.
Business attended to in the Counties of Nor
anmberland, Union, Lycoming Monlout and
Columbia.
Reference! in Philadelphia
Iton. Job R.TyS'in,
fiomera & Sniriffra.a,
Cha.. Gibbons, F.q.,
I.lnn rjmun a
CHAPLE3 MATTHEWS
attorney a t a to ,
IVo. 128 Ilroaflway, Sew York.
Will carefullv attend to Collection, and all other matter
tntruited to hi. care.
May 111. 1853.
FRANKLIN HOUSE,
REBUILT AND R E F U R N 1 9 H F. D,
Cor. nf llovard and Franllin Street a few
Squares Wert of the X. C. R. R. Depot,
BALTIIIIORE-
Fcnaa, f I run Dit
(V. LEISENRINO. Proprietor,
July IS, 1SJ9. tf From Selin. Orove, Fa.
WILLIAM . SOMKHS
CRALKLET SOMERS'
G. SOMERS & SON,
Importer, and Dealers in
Cloths. Cassimeres. Vesting-, Taylors
Trimmings. &c.
No 32 South Fourth Street, between Market and
Chesnut Streets, Philadelphia.
Merchant others vieiting the city would find
it to their advantage to give them a call and ex
mine their stock.
March 10, 1860
HARDWARE ! HARDWARE ! !
"ST179T received by A. W. FISHER, at hit
f3 Drug Store, Sunbury, Pa.,
BCOOP3. SHOVELS, FORKS, LOG
CHAIN8, MII.l, SAW'S, CROSS
CUT SAWS.
AIo, Screws, Butta, Door Knobs, Thumb
I.atchea.and all hardware neceaaary for building.
A splendid lit of pocket and table cutlery, Scis
ura, German Silver Spoon..
LooMng Glasses.
A large atock of Looking Glasses, received and
for sale by A.W.FISHER.
Sunbury, July 17, 185S.
J. P. SHINDEL G0BIN",
Attorney 1$ Counsellor at Law
WILL attend faithfully to the collection of claim
and all professional buaineaa in the counties of
Northumberland, Montour, Union and Snyder,
otinsel given in the German language.
CT" Office one door east of the Prolhonolary's
office.
riunuury, May 20, I960. !y
THE INTERNATIONAL HOTEL,
BROADWAY, CORNER OF FRANKLIN STREET
X-TEW "5rOiR.EC CITT,
fTfr. inducements to Merchanta and Touri.ts visiting;
ew Yoi. unaurpaased by any Hotel in the Metropolis
he fidUwiitKare limine; th ndvontae;ea which it poa.ea
fa, anil which will la appresiatrd by all liavelera.
l.t. A central location, convenient to place, of buaineaa,
is well it. place, of amuMment.
81. Scrupul mtly clean, well fumi.hed iitnna; rooms,
.vith a magnificent Ladies Pallor, commanding an exten
sive view of Umadway
ad. Ijire nral superbly furnished aitlinf roome, with a
maaiiirient Farlor, commanding an extensive view of
Dioadwoy.
4th. Being conducted on the Furnpean plan, vititors
can live in the heat style, with the greatest economy
6th. It is connected with
Taylor Celebrated Saloon,
where vi.itors can hnvs their meala, or, if they deaire
tiiev will lie furnished in their own rooms.
Kill. T!ie fa;e seived in the Caloonsand Hotel la It.
knnwledjed hy epicuiea, to be vastly superior to that of
anv other Hotel in the city.
With all th.e a.Kanuiaea, the cost of living In the
International, ia much below that of anv other 6r.t cluas
11 GILSON A CO , Proprietors.
Aut u.t 4, 1S-M. It
CJPALDINO'S Preruired Glue, and Phelleya Mucilage
1 'rice per bottle and broth 25 cent
Cardial Elixir of Caiisiiya Bark 4 Bcuxine.for rernoving
g""' FOTt 8 VLE AT THIS OFFICE.
Sunbary, March 17 UCU.
A NEW LOT OF HARDWARE & 8A1).
DLERY. Also, the beat assortment of Irop
Nails and Steel to be found in the county, at the
Mammoth store of FRILINQ & CHANT.
Sunbury, June S, 1880,
BKELETOrT SKIKT8-
AT the Mammoth Store will be found a
very largo assortment of Skeleton Skirt
from seven hoops up to thirty.
Oct. C, FRILINQ & ORANT.
HeroNeno Lampt.
4 VERY LARGE and cheap assortment will
be found at the Mammoth Store of
Dee. 13, I860. FRILING & GRANT.
WO! YE LOVERS OF SOUP! Afresh
supi'ly of Macaroni and Confectionery at
FRILINQ it GRANi"8.
Sunbury, June 3, lf)H0.
IT is important to the LADIES to know that
Filling 4t Crant, have the best and largest
assortment of Dresa Goods in the county.
Sunbury, June 2, 1660.
A FRESH SUPPLY OF DRUGS at the
XL. Mammoth Store. Also, anew lot of per
turnery, Soaps and Fancy A rticle. Very cheap,
FRILINQ & GRANT.
Sunbury, May 26, 18G0.
SJ0ATENT BRITTANIA STOPPERS fo
bar bottles fur sale by
H. B MASSER.
n
AR Iron, Steel, Nails, Picks, Orub-Hoes and
Masoo Hatnmtirs, at low prices.
BRIGHT & SON.
Sunbury, June ,1840,
Tram the New Americas Cyetopesdia,
BIOQBAPHY OF SENATOR SOU
OLAS. . : '
Btepreh Arnold Douolai wai born at
Brandon, Rutland county, Vt., April 28,
1813. His father was a native of tbe State
of New York, and a physician of considerable
reputation. lie died suddenly of apoplexy
when bis son Stephen Arnold was bat little
more than two Months old. The widow, with
her infant and a daughter only eighteen
months older, retired to a farm which she bad
Inherited conjointly with an unmarried bro
ther. At tbe age of fifteen her son, who bad
received a good common school education,
desired to prepare for college ) but bis family
proving unable to bear tbe requisite expense,
he left the farm, determined to earn bis own
living, and engaged himself as an apprentice
to the trade of cabinet making, at which be
worked a year and a half, partly at Middle
bury and partly at Brandon, when bis health
became so impaired with tbe severity of tbe
labor that be abandoned the occupation
altogether.
lie bus often, since, said tbat tbe peppiest
days of his life were passed in tbe workshop.
He now entered tbe Academy at Brandon as
a student, aud remained there a year. His
mother, about this time, was married to Mr.
(J ranger, of Ontario county, N. Y., to whose
son ber daughter bad been married. Young
Dooglas removed with bis mother to Canon
daigua and entered as a student tbe academy
of that place, id which he continued till 1833.
He studied law in the office of the Messrs.
Hubbell, at tbe same time that be pursued
bis acnrieroical course, baviog finally adopted
tbnl as bis profession.
lo the Spring of 1833, he went to the West
in search of an eligible location in which to
establish himself as a lawyer. At Cleveland
bo was detained the whole summer by severe
illness, after bis recovery from which, he wont
to Cincinnati, St. Louis, end Jacksonville, III.
At Jacksonville, he fonnd bis funds reduced
toNlTJ cents, and accordingly walked .to Win
chester, a little town sixteen miles distant,
where he hoped to get employment as a
leachpr. He found there a large crowd as
sembled to attend the auction sale of a de
ceased trader. Tbe auctioneer was without
a clerk to keep the acconnt of the sale, and
perceiving tbnt .Mr. Douglas, who stood
among tbe spectators, looked like a man who
could write and keep accounts, rrqnested bitn
lo serve in tbe capacity. Mr. Douglas con
sented, and acted as clerk dtfrir.g the three
days of the sale, receiving for bis eorvices $6.
With this capital in band be promptly
opened a school, and obtained forty pupils,
whom be taught for three months at $3 a
quarter, devoting bis leisure to tbe study of
some law books which he had borrowed in
Jacksonville, and on Saturday afternoons
practising In petty cases before tbe Justice of
I'eace ol tbe town.
In March, 1834, be opened an olfioe and
began practice in tbe higher Courts, for
wbicb, after examination, be had obtained
license from tbe Judges of the Supreme
Court. He was remarkably successful at tbe
bar, as may be ioferred from the fact that
within a year from his admission, while not
yet twenty-two years of age, he was elected
ny tne Legislature Attorney General of the
Slate. This office he resigned in December,
1BJD, lo consequence of having been elected
to tbe Legislature by tbe Democrats of Mor
gan county. He took bis seat in tbe Honse
of Representatives, tbe youngest member of
irjai ooay. in loJi he was appointed by
President Van Iluren Register of the Land
Office at Springfield, III., a post wbicb be
resigned io 1839.
In November. 1837. Mr. Douclas received
the Democratic nomination for Congress,
although be was under twenty fire yeurs of
age, and consequently ineligible. He, how
ever, attained the requisite age before the day
of election, which was the first Monday io
aogusi, JSoa. Mis Congressional district
was then tbe most populous one in tbe United
States, and tbe cuuvass was conducted with
extraordinary zeal and energy. Upwards of
30,000 votes were cast, and tbe Whig candi
dal was declared to be elected by a majority
of five only. A number of ballots sufficient
to bave chanced tbe result were reiected bv
tho ennvafsers, because the name of Mr.
Douglas was incorrectly SDelled. After this
defeat, which under the circumstances was
claimed by bis friends as a victory, Mr. Dou.
gias aevotea uimsetr exclusively to bis pro
fession until 1840. when he entered into the
famous Presidential campaign ..of that vear
with so much ardor tbal be traversed'tbe
State in all directions for seven months, and
addressed more than two hundred political
gatherings. To bis exertions was ascribed
the adherence of Illinois at that election to
tbe Democratic party.
in December. 1S4D, Mr. Dcuclas was an-
pointed Secretary of State ot Illinois, lo
February, 1841, be was elected by the Legis.
latore a J udge of tbe Supreme Court, which
office he tesigoed io 1843, to accept tbe
I'euiucrauu nomination lor Congress, which
was urged upon bim acainst bis known wishes.
on the ground tbat be was tbe only Democrat
wbo could be elected. After a spirited
canvass Mr. Douglas was chosen by opward
of 400 majority. He was re elected in 1844
by a majority of 1900. and acain in 184B hr
nearly 300 majority. He did not, however,
take bis seat under tbe last election, having,
ia tbe meantime, been chosen to tbe Senate
of tbe L'oited States for six years from
Jiarcu , lo-tj.
Id tbe House of Representatives, Mr.
Douglas was prominent amonar those who. in
the Oregon controversy with Great Britain,
maintained that our title to tbe wbole of
Oregon op to lat. 54 deg. 40 mio. was "clear
and unquestionable." He declared that "be
never would, now or hereafter, yield up one
inch of Oregon, either to Great Britain or
any other Government." lie advocated the
policy of giving notice to terminate the joint
occupation ; of establishing a Territorial
Government over Oregon, protected by a
sufficient military force ; and of putting tbe
country at once io a state of preparation, so
tuav ii war SDouio result Iroru the assertion
of our just rights, we might drive "Great
nritain and the last vestiges of Koval au
thority from tbe Continent of North America,
ana make tbe United states an ocean-bound
Republic."
'He dented the right of tbe Federal Gov
ernment to prosecute a system of internal
improvements io tbe States, though be main,
taioed tbe constitutionality and expediency
or improving rivers, barbors, and navigable
waters, and advocated a scheme of tonnage
duties for tbat purpose, to be levied and ex
pended by the local authorities. lie was
mainly Instrumental in securing tbe passage
of a law extending tbe maratlme and admi
ralty jurisdiction of the Federal Courts over
the great chain of Northern lakes, having
reported tbe bill as member of the Judici.
arjf Committee, am p-t it np,in Its p3iar"
when a member of tbe Hons of Representa
tives. He was among tbe earliest advocates
of the annexation of Texas,-and, after tbe
treaty for that objeet had failed in the Senate,
be was one of those who introduced proposi
tions, ia tba form of joint resolutions, as a
substitute Tor that treaty. ...... ..
. As Chairman of tbe Committee oo Tern,
tories in 1846, be reported tbe joint resolution
declaring Texas to be one of tbe. United
States of America, aod be vigorously sus
tained the Administration of President Folk
in the measures wbicb it adopted for tbe
prosecution of the war with Mexico, wbicb
was tbe ultimate cenBequenca -of tbat act-
As Chairman of the Territorial Committee,
first in tbe House of Representatives, and
afterwards in tbe Senate, be reported and
successfully carried through tba bill to organ
ize tbe Territories of Minnesota, Oregon,
New Mexico, Utah, Washington, Kansas and
Nebraska, and also tbe bills for tbe admission
into tbe Union of tbe States of Iowa, Wis
consin, California, Minnesota and Oregon.
So far as tbe question of slavery was involved
in tbe organization of Territories and the
admission of oew States, be early took tbe
position tbat Congress should not interfere
on the one side or tbe other, but that tbe
people of each Territory aod State should be
allowed to form aod regulate thoir domestic
institutions to suit themselves.
In accordance with tin's principle, be oppo
sed tbe "Wilmot Proviso" when first passed
io tbe House of Representatives in 1847, as
an amendment to the bill appropriatiog
$3,000,000 to enable President Polk to make
a treaty of peace with Mexico, and afterward
in the Senate when offered as an amendment
to tbe biil for tbe organization of tbe Terri
tory of Oregon. In August, 1848, however,
ha offered an amendment to tbe Oregon bill,
extending tbe Missouri Compromise line
indefinitely westward to the Pacific Ocean,
in the same sense and with tbe same under
standing with wbich it was originally adopted
in 1820, and extending through Texas in
1845, prohibiting slavery in all tbe territory
north of ibu paralli 1 of 3G 30', and by
implication recognizing its existence south of
that line. This amendment was adopted in
tbe Senate by a decided majority, receiving
tbe support of every Southern, together with
several Northern Senators, but was defeated
ic tbe louse of Representatives by nearly a
eoctional vote.
Tbe refusal of tbe Senate to adept tbe
policy of Congressional prohibition of slavery
in all the Territories, aud the rejection in tbe
uoose ol itepresentalives of tbe proposition
to extend the .Missouri Compromise to tbe
Pacific Ocean, gave rise to 'the sectional
agitation of 184'J-'S0, wbich was temporarily
quieted by tbe Legislation known as the
Compromise measures of 1800. Mr. Douglas
supported these measures with zoal and vigor,
and oo bis return to his borne in Chicago,
finding them assailed with great violence, be
defended tbe whole series in a speech to tbe
people (Oct. 24, 1850,) wbich is regarded by
bis friends as one of tbe ablest be bas ever
made. Io this speech be defined the princi
ples on wbicb tbe compromise acts of 1850
were founded, and npon wbicb be subsequently
defended the Kansas Nebraska bill, in these
words : "These measures are predicated on
the great fundamental principle that every
people oogbl to possess tbe right of framing
and regulating their own internal concerns
and domestic institutions in their own way.
These things are all confided by tbe
Constitution to each State to decide for
itself, and I know of oo reason why the same
principle should not be extended to the
Territories.
Mr. Douglas was an unsuccessful candidate
before tbe Democratic National Convection
at Baltimore in 1852, for tbe nomination for
tbe Presidency. Oo tbe 30th ballot be re
ceived 92 voles, tbe highest number given
to any candidate on tbat ballot, out of a total
of 288 votes.
At the Congressional Session of 1853.'54,
he reported from tbe Committee oo Territo
ries tbe celebrated bill to organize the Terri
tories of Kansas aud Nebraska, wbicb effec
tually revolutionized political parties in tbe
United States, and formed tbe issues upon
wbicb tbe Democratic and Republican parties
became arrayed against each other. The
passage of this bill caused great excitement
in tbe Free States of tbe Ucioo, and Mr.
Douglas, &s its author, was widely and vehe
mently denounced, aud in many places was
banged aud burned in effigy. Tbe wbole
controversy turned on the provision repealing
tbe Missouri Compromise, which Mr. Douglas
maintained to be inconsistent with the prin
ciple of non-intervenlion by Congress witb
Slavery in States and Territories.
After repealing tba Missouri restriction,
the bill declared to be the "true intent aod
meaning of tbe act, not to legislate Slavery
iuto any State or Territory, oor to exclude it
therefrom, but to leave tbe people thereof
perfectly free to form and regulate their
domestic institutions in their own way, sub
ject ouly to the Constitution of tbe United
Mates." W batever diversity of opinion may
exist in regard to tbe correctness of this
principle and tbe propriety of its application
to tbe Territories, it mnst be admitted tbat
Mr. Douglas bas proved faithful to it under
all circumstances, and defended it whenever
assailed or violated.
In 1856. be was again a candidate for the
Presidential nomination, beforothe Demo
cratic National Convention at Cincinnati.
fbe highest vote he received was on the
sixteenth ballot, which stood : For Mr.
Buchanan, 168; for Mr. Douglas, 121 ; for
Mr. Cass, 6.
In the Congressional session of 1857-8 be
denounced and opposed, with energy aod
ability, the Lecoinptoo Constitution, upon
tbe dibtioct ground tbat it was not tbe act
and deed of the people of Kansas, end did
Dot embody their will.
Before tbe adjournment of that session of
Congress, be returned borne to vindicate bis
action before tbe people of Illinois io one of
tba most exciting and well contested politi
cal canvasses ever known in the United
slates, tie bad to encounter tbe determined
hostility of tbe Federal Administration, and
all its patronage, and tbe powerful opropition
of tbe Republican party. But he succeeded
io carrying tbe election of a sufficient num
ber of State Senators aod Representatives to
secure bis return to the United Slates Senate
from March 4, 1859, by 54 votes for him, to
46 for Abraham Lincoln, his able and dis
tinguished opponent. It was manifest, how
ever, by tbe popular vote for certain State
officers who were chosen simultaneously witb
tbe members of the Legislature, that a ma
jority of the people were opposed to Mr.
Douglas. I be Republican candidate for
Superintendent of Common Schools received
124.5CC votes ; the Douglr-s candidate for tbe
same office, 122,413: aod tba Buchanan or
Administration candidate, 5173. During tbe
wbole of tbe contest ha maintained and de
fended tbe doctrine of non-intervention and
Popular Sovereignty, in tbe earn sense In
which be bad previously proclaimed it in
Congress.
Subsequently, ia a debet In tba Senate
(F ! ISMJbs avowed and defended the
same doelrine ' when atr'' by isvoral
of tbe ablest Senators "Democratic
party. 0&
lo ISCO.Mr, Douglas w ev ited by the
Northern Democracy as t' ' ee.te candi
date for tbe Presidecr,-. ' - .evoia howev
er, for tbat nost, wer f hy mauy
influential men io tbe B'nJ.at ',v'be Char
lefton convention, io M,f A) the filty
seventh and last Fallot, y as received
one hundred and Cfty-onb'n tj out of two
hundred and fiftnwo casV jjvt the adjourn
ed convention at i)orev be received one
hundred and a" -jroles out of one bun'
dred and lrrr7four,, o was declared tbe
Baaiocfry' nominee. The opponents of Mr.
DVfOglas, who bad seceded from tbe Chailes
ton convention, Dominated Mr. John O.
Breckinridge. At tbe ensuing election in
I860, Mr. Douglas received 1,365,976 votes
and Mr. Breckinridge 847,953, tbe entire
Tote being 3,662,270. Of tba votes in tbe
electoral colleges, Mr. Douglas received
three from New Jersey, and nine from Mis
souri. Since the rebellious movements in tbe
South Mr. Douglas bas been a firm suppor
ter of tbe Government, and bis exertions
bave do doubt been tbe cans of his fatal
illness.
Mr. Douglas dies Senator of the Uoited
States from the Slate of Illinois, having been
elected in 1859 for term of six years, wbicb
would bave expired March 3d, 1865.
Mr. Douglas has been remarkably success
ful iu promoting tbe local interests of bis
own State duriDg bis Congressioaal career
To bim, more thon to any other individual, is
Illinois indebted for the magnificent grant of
lands wbich secured the construction of the
Illinois Central Railroad, end contributed so
much to restare the credit and develop tbe
resources of the State. He bad always beeo
a warm supporter and advocate of a Railroad
from the Miseierlppi River to the Pacific
Ocoao, having been a menibor of tbe various
Committees of Congress on tbat subject, and
being tbe antbor of several bills reported by
tbose Committees.
Mr. Douglas' views in regard to oor for
eign relations bave seldom beeo in accor
dance with the policy of tbe Administration.
He opposed tbe treaty with England, limiting
the Oregon Territory to tbe 49tb parallel,
contending tbat England bad no rights on
that coast, and tbal tbe United States
should never recognize ber claim. He oppo
sed tbe treaty of peace with Mexico, ou tbe
ground tbat tbe boundaries were unnatural
and inconvenient, aod tbat the provisions in
regard to tbe Indians could never be execo.
ted. Tbe United States bave sioca paid
Mexico $10,000,000 to change tbe bounda
ries and relinquish the stipulations io regard
to tbe Indians. He opposed the ratification
of tbe Clayton and Bulwer treaty, and endea
vored to procure its rejection, upon tbe
ground, among other things, that it pledged
the faith of the Uoited Slates io all time to
come, Dover to aooex, colooize or exercise
dominion over any portion of Central Ame
rica. He declared that be did Dot desire to
annex that country at tbat time, but main
tained tbat tbe Isthmus rentes must be kept
open as highways to tbe American posses
sions oo tbe Pacifa, tbat tbe time would
come when the United States would be com
pelled to occupy Central America, end that
be would never pledge tbe faith of tbe Re
public not to do in tbe future in respect to
this continent what its interests and safety
might require. He bag aUo declared him
self in favor of tbe acquisition of Cuba, when
ever tbe island ran be obtained consistently
with tbe laws of nations and tbe bouor of tbe
United States.
Mr. Dooglas was married April 7, 1847. to
Miss Martha D. Martin, daughter of Col.
Robert Martin, of Rockingham county, N.
0.. by whom he bad three children, two of
whom ore living. She died January 19,
1S53. He was again married, November 20
1356, to Miss Adele Cutis, daughter of James
Madison Cutis, of Washington, D. C, Se
cond Controller of the Treasury.
UliscellancouSs
Infirmities of tho Great.
Handel, Miltoo and Dulille were blind ;
Lucretius, Tasso, Swift, Cowper, Rosseau and
Chatertton, are melancholy cases of insanity.
Richelieu bad occasional attacks of insani
ty, in wbicb be funded, biuiaelf a burse : be
would prauce orotMid tbe billiard-table, neigh
ing, kickiog out his servants, and making a
great noise, nntil, exhausted by fatigue, be
suffered himself to be put to bed aud well
covered. Oo awaking, be rembered Dothmg
tbat bad passed.
Shelly bad hallucinations. Bernardio .St.
Pierre, while writing cue of bis works, "was
attacked by a strauge iOncs." Lights flash
ed before bis eyes ; objects appeared double
aod in motion; be iuuugiued all tbe passers
by to be bis enemies. Heine died of a chron
ic disease of tbe spine. Metastaaio early
suffered from nervous affections.
Moliero was liable to coovnlsions. Pagan,
ioi was cataleptic at four years old. Mozart
died of water oo the brain. Beetboveo was
bizarre, irritable, bypocbondrical. Donizetti
died io ao asylum. Cbatlerton and Gilbert
committed suicide. Chateaubriand was troub
led witb suicidal thoughts ; and George Sands
confesses to tbe same, Sophocles was accus
ed of imbecility by bis son, but this was after
be was eighty. Pope was deformed; and,
according to Atterbury, be bad mens ctima
in crrpnre eurvo. He believed that be occa
saw aa arm projecting from the wall of bia
room.
Cromwell bad fits of hypochondria. Dr.
FraDcia was unequivocally insane. Dr. John
son was hypochondriacal, and declared tbat
b ence distinctly beard bis mother call U
bim, "Samuel 1" wben sbe was many miles
distant. Rosseau was certainly insane. St.
Simon committed suicide ooier circumstan
ces indicating insanity. Foorrier passed bis
life in a continual hallucination. Cardan,
Sweedenborg, Levater, Zimmerman, Mahom
et, Van H el in oo t, Loyola, St. Francis Xa
vier, St. Dominic, all bad vissioos. Uvea La
ther bad hallucinations i Satan frequently ap
peered, oot only to bava inkstands tbrowo at
bis sophistical bead, bat to get into the re
former's bed and lie beside bim. Joone d'Arc
gloried in ber celestial visions.
Wm. Un.iRniniEiii Arc The Ban.
gor Whig says tbat during a drill or Capt,
burton's six-footers at Oldtowo, few days
1 I L : - h.l.,M . n A
ago, wuiia oiarcoiu sun. p. ui vwiu
the river, where the platform ended, do order
lo bait balog given, tbey kept oo until ten
bad jumped iuto tba river aod commenced
swimming. Had not tbe order been given,
tbe wool company would bava followed
tbem. .
ArpoiTiiitiT. John 0. Myers,, editor of
tbe "Berks County Press," bas been ap
pointed an Inspector of Customs for tba
1'ort or Philadelphia, at a salary of $1095 a
; ' ...
Baths and Bathing.
A f!old bath is seventy Eve degrees and un
der j temperate, 75 lo 85 degrees tepid, 85
to f5 degrees ; wn(m, 95 to 100 degrees ; bot,
100 degrees aod over.
Tbe temperature of the body is ninety.
right rlrjorius Farecbeit. Fo? pnrposes of
cleansing the skio, a bot bath Is tba niuut effi
cient, but it should be indulged in ouly occa
sionally, aod for a very few minutes at a time,
as it rapidly exhausts tbe physical powers.
It opens the pores of the skio and increases
tbe activity of the circulation for thn moment,
but if followed by an Instantaneous cold show
er batb, ao invigorating effect is produced.
A bot batb excilos, a warm bath soothes and
tracquilizes ; it makes tbe pulse slower, aod
causes more equable breathing.
A vapor bath is of (team instead of water,
and is applied ioside as well as out ; its first
effect is a feeling of oppression, but soon per
spiration is induced, aod delgblful sensations
ensue. To prevent taking cold, the person
should pass from tba steam chamber into a te
pid batb for a single moment, then wipe dry
briskly, dress and walk.
No kind of bath ought to be taken within
ao boor before a regular meal, oor sooner
than four boors after; sudden death bas often
resulted from inattention to tbe I utter. Tbe
best time for bathing is immediately after ris
ing io tbe morning, as then there is greater
power of reaction, wilbout which there is no
invigoration, oo benefit.
Tbe'sponge-batb is the replication of wa
ter to tbe surface of tbe body by means of a
sponge When persons are feeble, ooe por
tion of the person tbe process at a time, then
quickly wiped and dried, and covered before
another is exposed. There are few persons
indeed who would oot be greatly benefitted
by tbe following procedure every morniDg
summer and winter : Wash the bands first in
a small amount of water with map, for if but
little is used, a teacopfull, it is warmed by tbe
bands, aDd thus becomes more cleansing, with
out tbe trouble of preparing warm water;
then rinse them well ; and afterwards wash
the face in a large basin of cold water just
drawn or brought into tbe room, for ell cold
water becomes filthy in an bosror two if kept
standing in a sleeping or sitting apartment.
After the face has be.on washed plentifully,
throw tbe water op to tbe elbows, theo a lit
tle higher at every dash with the band, nntil
tbe arms, neck, throat, behind the ears, arm
pits, aud the upper portion ol tbe chest are
deluged with water; next (except women witb
long hair,) wash the whole scalp abundantly,
rubbing tbe water into the aud about tbe
roots of tbe bair witb tbe euOs of tbe fingers ;
theo wipe witb a towel, absorbing as much of
tbe dampness from the bair as possible with
ao extra dry cloth, and dress, leaving the ar
rangement or tbe bair to the last, so as to
give it an opportunity or drying somewhat;
for if wringing wet, it will not dress well, and
besides will keep the head cold by its evnpo
ratroo. Io dressing the bair after such a
washing of the bead, tbe comb should be pass
ed through it in tbe gentlest manner, so as to
make no strain upon the roots, oor break any
bair in disengaging the tangles. Tbe bair
thus dressed io tbe morning will remain so all
day, or, if not, can be easily re-dressed with
the advantage of perfect cleanliness, which
cannot be said of the filthy practice of using
bair oils. Halt' t Journal of Health.
Tub Beadtt of Uklhsiok. Is religion
beautiful T Always 1 In the child, the mai
den, the wife, tbe mother, religion shines with
a boly, benignant beauty of its own, wbich
nothing oo earth can mar. Never yet was
the female character perfect without the
steady faith of piety. Beauty, intellect,
wealth they are like pitfalls, dark in tbe
brightest day, odIcsb the divine light, unless
religion throws her soft beams around them,
to purify and exalt, making thrice glorious
tbat wbicb seemed all loveliness before. Re.
ligion is very beautiful, in health or sickness,
or wealth or poverty. We can never enter
the sick chamber of tbe good but so t music
seems to float oo tbe air, and the burden or
the song is, "Lo ! peace is here." Could we
look into the thousands nf families to day,
where discontent (igb's sullenly with life, we
should find the chief cause of auhappiness, to
be want of religion in woman. Aud, in fel
ons' cell's, In places of crime, misery, destitu
tion, ignorance, we should behold, in all its
terrible deformity, tbn fruit of irreligion in
woman. Ob 1 religion 1 beniguent majesty,
high on tby throne tliou sittebt, glorious est
exalted. Not above the clouds, for earthly
clouds never come between them and thetru
ly pious soul; not beneath tho clouds, for
above these is Heaven, opening the broad vis
ta of exceeding beauty. It gates, are the
splendor or jasper and precious stones, witb
wbich a dewy light that neither flashes or bla
zes bot proccedeth steadily irom the throne of
God. Its towers bathed in refulgent glory,
teo times tlio brightness of the thousand suns,
yet soft ondazzliog to the eye.
A OLBR.OYMAN 5U81'KCriEb op Disloyai.tt
and Cai.i.kd Upon et a Crowd A roport
was current in Chelsea, oo Friday evening,
that Rev. Mr. Palmer, an Episcopal clergy
man, bad ottered disloyal sentiments, and
countenanced tbe killing of Col. KlUworth.
Some volunteers and their friends, numbering
about fifty or sixty, accordingly visited bis
bouse at about ten o'clock, P. M., and rang
tbe bell violently. Mrs. Palmer came to the
window, and, cfler a parley, the reverend gen
tleman biaiself appeared ut tho window. Ho
was asked if be bad uttered tbe traitorous
senliments charged upon bim. He said be
did make a remark on hearing the news from
Alexandria, but it was more in pleasantry
than from any motive of disloyalty. He said
be bad always been a Union man, and bad al.
ways preached in favor of the Union, lfe
was asked to show bis flit,', when he said be
bad only a small one, which be exhibited.
Some one in the crowd advised him never to
show acy disrespect for that flag, however
small it may be, for if ho did he would not be
tolerated. Mr. Palmer joined io giving three
cheers for the flag, and lha crowd then dis
persed. Boston Journal.
Colob ok tub Eves That tbe color of the
eyes should affect their strength may seem
strange, yet that such is the oase need not at
this tioio of day to be proved ; and those wbo
have brown or durk colored eyes should be in
formed that they are weaker sod to ore aua
oeptible of injury, from various causes, tbuo
grey or blue eyes. Light blue eyes are gen
erally tbe most powerful, and next to tbose
are grey. Tbe lighter tbe pupil the greater
and longer continued is the degree cf tension
tbe ey osn sustaio.
Bs choice in your reading; read do indif
ferent production except, peibaps, yourself.
Wi don't admire ro files, but yon bad bet
ter bava one to your shirt than lo your tem
per. Henry Winter Davis bas been nominated
for Congress by tbe Union party of Baltimore,
aod will do doubt b elootad.
HoO. Howell Uobri, ef Georgia, announces
bis determination to retire to private Lfn, oo :
tba expiration of bis present term of office.
riiB death or arrsATon dulolas.
' Judge Douglas was best known to the paopte
of his country, as United States Sunatoi from llli'
not. In thai once illustrious body be achieved
bis preudeat distinction. It was there he was
"The Little Giant." Impartial men of all par
lies who are familiar with the Ssnato for a quar.
ter cf a century, say that he baa hut! he tual ir.
that time aa an off hand debater, and his more
elaborate efforts were always most overwhelming
manifestations of forensic power. His great
trait of character as a statesman, was that hs
always thought out his care for himself, and near
ly always pursued his object by come original,
bold, and striking course. In debate he was ev
er ready, and nover at a lass fof an expodisnt.
Indeed, his fertility cf resource was wonder fn I,
and woe to the unfortunate adversary who, being
right as to the main question, would permit biro
self to be drawn aside into an ambush of collate
ral issues, for from that moment his defeat is cer
tain. As a statesman it is yet too easily to truly esti
mate the character of J udge Douglas. Even now,
men of bis own party are divided upon the
great measure witb which, more than any other,
his name is identified. There are those who
believe that "popular sovereignty," as developed
in the Nebraska bill, is the "cause of all our
woe ;" while othera are firmly of the conviction
thai It saved the Union iu 'ftr), 'fia and '56, and
that the terrible ordeal through which the country
is now passing is the consequence of the desertion
of that principle into which a portion of the De
mocracy were driven by the domination of the
Southern oligarchs at Charleston.
Judja Douglas dies at a critical period for his
country. He had, in the present troubles, with
the instittctk of a patriot, and with the sagacity of
a statesman, espoused the cause of the Govern
ment with all the fervor and energy of his nature.
Juat at this juncture, when his boldness and
courage and dauntless resolution is most needed
bv his country, he is lost to her service through
the inscrutable providence of God.
As was beautifully said by an ex-President, at
the funeral service of one who should have been
President, "the great heart of the country will
"throb heavily at the portals of his grave."
ritilade!jhia Inquirer.
How a Pdblismer was not Taken in.
Mr. Fields, the Boston publisher, bas a won
derful memory ; and his knowledge of Eng
lish literalore is so valuable, tbat, when a
friend wishes to know where a particolar pas
sage may be found, be steers at once for tbe
corner, and consults tbe man wbo is likely to
give tbe desired information. A pompous,
would-be wit, not long ago, thinking to pnzzlo
bim and make sport for a company at dinner
informed tbem prior to Mr. F.'s arrival tbat
be bad himself that morning written some
poetry, and be Intended to submit it to Mr.
F., as Soutbny's, and inquire in which of his
poems tbe lines occurred. At tbe proper
moment, therefore, after the puests were
seated be began : "Friend Field, I bave
been much exercised of late, trying to Cod
out io Soulhey's poems, bis well-known lines,
runniDg thus" (repeating tbe lines be bad
composed) "can you tell us about what time
he wrote them ?" "I do not remember to
have met with them before," replied Mr. F.,
"and there were only two periods io Soutbey'e
life when such lines could bave possibly been
written by him." "When were tbose t" glee
fully a3ked tho wftty qi;c3tioner. "Some
where," said Mr. F., "about tbat early part of
bis existence wben be was having tbe measles
aod cutting bis first teeth ; or near tbe close
of bis life, wbco bis brain had softened, and
he bad fallen into idiocy. Tbe versification
belongs to tbe measles period, but tbn ex
pression clearly betrays tbe idiotic one." The
funny questioner smiled faintly bat tbe com.
pauy roared.
Items from Variods Socbcf.s. Jacob
Yaggy, an Illinois farmer, states in tbe
Prairie Farmer, tbat in tbirty-tLree days,
last Beason, he mamofactoreJ for other per
sons, 2017 gallons of molasses from Sorgbum,
for wbich be received 20 cents per gallon, or
one bait for which it was sold. Clear of all
expenses be received $200 profit for 30 days'
labor. This season ho experts to make 5000
gallons.
Chloroform bas beeo applied with com
plete success in securing the bonoy from
bives without destroying the hees. All tbe
apertures to the bive are closed, and tbe
whole covered with a cloth to shut out tbe
light, when chloroform Is blown into tbe Live.
The bees soon fall into a profound sleep, the
honey is removed and in an bour or two they
ore as lively again as ever.
. The Genesee Farmer says "Mr. Birine, of
Springfield, Mass , ruised last year, oo 2T
acres of laud, 35 tons of mangel wurgel, or HS
tons per acre, besides 30 loads of leaves. He
estimates thoir cost at 6J cents per bushel.
Mr. John Belt ridge, of this county, taised on
a quarter of nn acre last year, 12 tons of
these roots, or 48 toos per acre.
fST BlHUSITK Vnw or tii Abmt or TBI
Ukion :
In Washington City 16.00!)
Opposite Washington city, in Virginia, 17.000
Total In and near Waahingten. 33,000
At Chambersburg. 8.SU0
Al York, HarrUbur and Northern Con-
tral Ruilrod 6,000
Total on the borders of Pennsylvania. H,f0tl
At Gralton and Parkershtirg 2,500
In Baltimore and Fort Mclfenry 4, HOO
At Fort Monroe and vicinity 9,000
Two Indiana remanents moving towards
Virginia,
Total concentrating on Virginia
Add twelve rciiltnents at Cincinnati 10.000
ttix regiments at Cairo 5.000
Qrand total actively In the ficlj
80,S00
Plans toa rna Camfaion. It is stated that
Gen. Kcolt intends to mala a vigorous onward
movement aa aoon aa his plana are completed,
witb a view to occupy Richmond before tbe 4th
of Juiy. Thirty-five thousand men will ha push
ed on into the interior of Virginia towards Blue
Ridge ; 20,000, under Gen. Patterson, will invade
Virginia from Eastern Pennsylvania ; 30,0110,
under General McClelland, from Ohio, will cut
their way to Wincbeater and Strasburg, by the
turr.pika road from Grafton, avoiding the line of
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and 15,000
men, under General Butler, aided by a naval
force, will make their way up tbe James river.
A strong force will be collected in Western Vir
ginia, io addition to Colonel Sherman's corps
d'arinea, for the protection of the Unionists there.
The volunteers who have been mustered into
the service of the United States can get no money
until alter the meeting of Congress, and art sp
piopriation has betn made for that purposs. A
point should be strained In meet the caae. There
are many of lha volunteers who left lucrative
situatious In their patriotic desire lo serve their
country, whose families depend up their earnings
for subsistence, and who are illy prepared to
wait two mouths for their money. '
The County Court of Sueoaadoah, Ye,
bas appropriated (30,000 for war purposes.
Important Appointmr.vt. Joho TocVer,
Esq , or Philadelphia has been appointed
the agpnt or the government for tbe trans
portation of troops, munitiou?, provisions,
Ac, from the Northern rind Western StaUs
to the seat war. Mr. Tucker possesses all
the intelligence, energy and administrative
qualities to make a n.ost eXvlsat officer.
Tbe largest billierd rnn on record, was
made by Michael Foley, of Cleroland, Ohio,
oo tbe 11th lust. Having got the two rd
balls iu a corner, each about ao inch from tbe
coroers of the pocket, ond tho balls from one
to two inches apart, where he kept tbem for
two hours and ten minutes, counting 3465
points ! This count exeat ds by some hun
dreds any count at caroms oo record
Fruit Crop op Nkw Jkrskt After soma
inquiry bavins: been made !o rogard to the
prospects of tbe next fruit crop in this coun
ty, we may safely remark tbat it promises
good. Peach trees look finer than for many
years. Apples, pears and cherries are proa
perous. Strawberries will yield abuDdnotly
if tbe weatber is moderate. Ia a word, tbe
whole fruit crop bids fair to excel that raised
in Cape May for six or seveo years past.
Cape May Ocean Wave.
Many nf the Southern journals are printed
on half sheets, others materially reduced in
size, while the dilapidated aspect or eotre ia
remarkably when brought into contrast witb
their former appearance.
"Doctor." said Frederick Reynolds, the)
dramatist, to Dr. Bailie, tbe celebrated phy
sician, "don't yoo think 1 write too much for
my nervoos system T" "No I don't," Raid
Dr. Bailie, "but 1 think you write teo mocu
for your reputation."
It is said tbat Beo McCuIlocb, of Texan,
has received an appointment of Brigadier
General in the Confederate army.
Mr. Schott, of Nashville, Tenn., is now
bosily engaged io the manufacture of percos
eion caps at the rate of 20,000 per day.
Janitors' gcjjarlmcnl.
Raising Calves,
How I Trsat Tuem A calf tbat I am
going to raise 1 never let it suck the cow. It
is much easier to learn it to driok without
than after socking. I have had calves drink
bIoob before they were twelve boors old ;
aod after tho second day have bnt little
trouble with tbem, as they driok freely as if
in good bea'tb. Besides tbe great advantage
of this, is, tbat wben tboy are tnrned witb the
cows tbt y never trouble tbem. oeitber bave
I to muzzle tbem to prevent their sucking, as
tbey know nothing about it.
What I Feed Thkm. For the first two
weeks I give tbem milk drawn from the mo
ther; after that tbe cud comes, tbeo I scald
a little bran or ground oats aod com, cake
meal Arc. This mixture 1 bava about milk
warm, feeding them three times a any, making
frerh each time, as they do out relish stain
Tood. Tbey will food eat a little bay ;
clover is l st. H there is grass, I tie tbem
out for a short time, and io six weeks may
bo left run, uod theu slop gradually slacked
off.
I consider march the best time to start
calves, as in April they can get a little grass,
and by the following wiuter they bave a good
beginning. Buon.
Gnrmantotcn Telegraph.
Staggers in the Horse.
Mr Editor, Some time since I bad a
I case of this disease npon my premises; it
was wnai was termed tbe sleepy staggers.
Tbe animal was dull, and stood most of tbe
time with his head resting oo tbe ground. 1
applied to a hqrse doctor; be attended bin
for some time, aod finally pronounced bim
incurable at that season of tbe year w'ulcb.
was winter. As the horse was worthless io
that condition, and having no appetite to eat
1 concluded bo woo id be a good subject to,
experiment on. I proenred one ounce of
calomel which I made into four pills by ad
ding a little floor and water. These were
given one a day. Afterward I drenched him
with aloes dissolved in alcohol, and iu a few
days I saw a change for tbe bpttor. I then
gave bim tbe third ounce of calomel, follow,
ing with tbe aloes, to keep his bowels opea.
DuriDg this treatment I fed bim do grain ;
carrots end hay constituted bis feed ; and I
am proud to say 1 made a sound borso of
him, and be now works every day, Simon.
Germanottin Telegraph.
M f t t 1Y f
To Cliar Cnrrki. First, take the quantit
of coffee required, and pour oo boiling water, the
strain it, sLd add the white and shell of one er;:,
well beaten up. Boil for a few minutes. If a
strain ber not a hand, two tablespoonsfuls of eeld
water poured in the coffee will clear it. It must
be poured out vety gentle.
Goon Coaa Brxad. One quart of corn meal.
I pint of wheat flour, two eggs, and a little sail,
with sour butter-milk sufficient la make a very
lifl batter. Mix thoroughly, and then add on
teaspoonful of soda dissolved in a ver little hot
water. Stir this in and pour into well-gres.e l
pans, sufficient to be one and a half or two inches
thick when cooked. Place in a hot oven, aud
bake until done, say half an hour, and carry I
the table hot.
Gaol-in Rici PcDBtjro. One pint new milk.
3 spoonfuls of ground rice ; stew it over the tire
till of proer thickness ; then stew one-quarter
pound butter, and gtate in tiia titid of lemon.
When cool, add three egga, well beaten ; sugar
to tnste. A little brandy will improve it. Bake
with crust round the edge.
Pott-iD Null Pcuums. Take 6 cups sour
milk, two egg, I teaspoon heaping full saluratui,
8 tableapooiiluls flour, fl cups Indian meal, I ta.
bleaponnfuls molaies, one-half cup sour cream.
Ruiaing, or dried fruit, improve it very much. It
is good either boiled or steamed. If boiled, it re.
quires t cup more meal, and 1 sfoonfjl note
llour this, when steamed.
Obaxss Pcijsivo. Put 4 ounce fr
butter and tt ounces of tump sugar, pooAjt'J, io a
mortar. Then grste in the rind of an orange;
best the whole well together, and, as you do "his,
gradually add 8 eggs, well beaten and straiaed.
Scrape a hsid apple, and mix it with lha other
ingredients. Put pasta at the bottom ol tbe dish,
put in Ilia mixture, jnd then pour ovor it cross
Lars of pants. Half an hour will be suflicinl tj 1
bake it.
Dinners TtA Cars Beat to cream 7
ounces of sweet butter ; beat t ) a stiff froth tba
whites of S eggs, and in it gradually witr lit
pound of flour, together with tba butter and half
a nutmeg, grated. Bake in a pan lined with but
tered papers. A Imends blanched and pounded
may be aubstitcteU for the butler,
SiMi-Lis Curb por rJor.B Throat. Tba edi
tor of tbe Farmer and Gardener statea that
a irarble of sail and water' bas completely
cured bim of a sore throat and bockmg cough,
froaa which be bad beeo suffering for many
years pan I.
t
i