Tr t
li 0
H. B. MASSEK, ED1T011 AND PIlOPllIETOPt.
Office, market, street, opposite the post office.
A MI R
.:..
V. ArN
1 JO'
la I I b a i l
Vil
K.KW SEMES, VOL. 15, NO. 47.
( TERMS OF THE. AMERICAN.
"THE AMKRICAX 1 published every Pntunlay nl
TWU HUT, I. All r annum In bs paid half yearly in
idvunt-e.. No Daiei discontinued until all arreurassa ure
nuitl.
All eoirununicntioua or lettera on business Tainting to
lie omce, lo imure attention, must tm I'Ufc 1 iaiu.
TO CLUBS. , ,
rhrce conies to one address, . , MOO
feven D I)o ' ' ' ' to 110
?it'in Do Do SO 00
Kivedtillnra in advance will pay for three yeat'i sub-
cription to the American.
In Smrarc of 10 tinea, 3 times, . ' I00
vrry auliaequent inaertion, W
Jne Sqimre, 3 monthe, 300
In months. SOU
Inf. vntir. POO
Ineimisa Carda of Five linea, ner annum, 300
dcrchnnta nnd othera, advertising liy the
vnr with h nrivileee of insertiiiK
different advritiaeinenta weekly. r 1000
tar larger Advertiaementa, ai per agreement.,
S. B. MASSES, -
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
sunbuhit, pa.
Business attended to in the Counties of Nor
humbcrlaud, Union, Lycoming and Columbia,
liefer to I
P. A. A. Rovoudt, "1
Lower & Barron. I
Somers & Snodnross. ? Philad.
Reynolds, Mel arlnnd
d & Co.,
'o., J
Spcring, Good &. Co,
HENRY DONNEL,
ITTORNZSIT.AT IiAW.
Ujjict opposite the Court House,
Sunbury, Northumberland County, Pa.
Prompt attention to business in adjoining
ounties.
WM. M. ROCKEFELLER,
LTTORNHIT AT LAW
si .IH !.V, PA.
Dec. 13, 1851 tf.
M. L- SHINEEL,
i-TTO?wlTE7 AT LAVy
SUNBURY, PA.
December 4, 1S!2. tf.
)OCTOR I. W. HUGHES,
OFFICE on Broadway, near the Episcopal
" Church, Suntinry.
Sunbury, May 14, 1S33. tf.
X. M. Ncwnam's
atty's Row, Norwegian street, 1'otlsrtlle,
renna.
Plcctisbin shop,
JTAS CONSTANTLY O.N HANI) A SUP-
ply of all sizs of Lead Pipe. Slieet Lead,
ock Tin. Bath Tubs, (Shower Baths, Hj drants,
ii-e, Double and Single Acting Pumps and Wn-
Closcta ; als, all kinds of Brass Cocks for
tiT and steam, Brasa Oil Cup", and (Hobos
Engines. All kinds of Copper Work and
uinhing dons in the neatest manner at the
irlost notice.
N. 11. Cash paid for old TJrass and Lead.
Tottsville, Aug. 27, 1853. ly
IPOETANT TO PHYSICIANS AND
LADIES.
IfVNrmf.NO: can be plural, til llic f.il'.ust extent, ill
j the use ot' the Srpp.'KTKRs ot' Atia Hrtts (il Phila
delphia. S i ninny th'tis:uid eiiFes lire known of rntire
let' of liditts from the inoRt iiitense pinu of body and
ielv nf mind, aritiii iritiu tne uae of oilier appiii'jiii.'iip
n- repntutiiMi whnlever. Urware of nieuil, yl.iss. fri utri
t! kind., and elastic preiwimliun. tiietendiney of whirh
injt:re the patifiil. in hut tiio well known to nmnv inf
er, nud phvsieiuna T' ovuiil nil Ciiinterfieti, :ip;ly
lindly or by letter to Mm It.. No. SSI Wuliuil Sireet ;
linme her Siirnnlurn nn i-ui Snpporlvr, nnd her I'uited
tep ('utiyriiT'it lahi'N on inch box. Her Silppulter. ure
etiiMied by n atnndin r.f'J'.l yeara nnd iil.' b" the Fncul
eiiniiistiiif; oa the highest names in the Ladled Sr.itea
ko by .Mail mrs. Pimce M"rv.KTu. Aikhvua,
i.leriVor retail "nlerj, to J A. BETTi, Agent,
Wnhiut Street. Philudclplliu, '
hiln .October I, 1SS3. If.
WMrCAllTY,.
BOOItSE 1. 1. 1; It ,
Mirkrl Street,
SUNBURY, PA.
"V.i' received and for Bale, a fresh supply of
F.V tG i:uc ail n I S 1 c
Singing Schools. Ho is also oiiening at
time, n large assortment of liooUs, in every
tucli of Lileruturo, consisting of
Poetry, History, Noxels, Koinances, Scientific
ork,Law, Medicine, SSilioul and Children's
inks, Bibles j School, Pocket and family, both
th and without Eugrawngs, and every of vari
' of Binding. Trayer Books, of nil kinds.
AUo just received nnd for sale, Purdous Di
it of the laws of Pennsylvania, edition of le"51,
ce only 56,00.
.ludya Keads edition of Blackstones Common
ics, in 3 vols. 8 vo. formerly sold at f 10,00,
J now offered (m 1'c-!l binding) at the low
ce of $0,00.
A Treatise on the law of Pennsylvania re.
toting the. estates of Decedcuts, by Thomas V.
rdon. price only 34,00.
Pravrln. Yovstrcs and Adventures, all ot
icli will be sold low, cither for cash, or coua
produce.
February. 31. 1852. tt.
Shamokiu Town Lots.
H1IF subscriber is now prepared io exhibit and
dispose of Lots in the new Town-Plat of
lamokin. Persons desirous of purchasing can
certain the. terms and conditions of sale by
lling on the subscriber, nl Shamokin.
WM. ATWATEK, Agent.
Shamokin, Oct. 15, 1853. If.
LEATHER.
FRITZ k HENDRY,
Store, 29 N. 3d street
PHXi.A17SI.PIIZ A
Morocco Manufacturers, Curriera, Importers,
unmision and General Leather 1) induces.
WHOLESALE & RETAIL.
Manufactory 15 Margaretta Street,
l'hila., August 20, 1853. ly.
I11I4F.I, Tit il'Y, Wholesale Deal
er in Confectionary, Fruiu and Groceries,
.204 MAKK.E1 Street, above sixth, south
a, next door to Red Lion UoUt, Philadelphia
l'hila., Oct. 29, 1853. am.
MiESlI Vanilla Bean of a superior quality
just received and for sale by
tune 4. 185,1 H. B. MASSER.
VK Boureau's celebrated ink, and also Con.
grea ink for sale, wholesale and retail by
December 8. 1850. H. B MASStR,
HOES All kindsof Boots fchaea and slip
' peri for sal by
1 G. ELSUERG tt CO,
Market street, onpoaita the Poet Orfiea.
Baeburv. Oat. t, 1H58
U8T1.CES' FEE BILLS For sal. by
I W- n. MASSER.
Sunbury, lM 'tf
CTjiTamjta UUispaprrDcipotcli to goimtsffitttratttrt, iUorauig, jrorcffin ana Oonustfc ileitis.
' ' I ' ; ' ' SUNBUHY, NORTHUMB
. iUisccUaucous, liwttcv.
i BRUIN "STARRING." . ,,,
A frightful scene occurri'd lately at the
theatre ot Czerny, in Bohemia, during the
prrlormance of a nielo drama called the
Bear of the Mountain, the principal actor
of which was a Bear of such ' wonderlul
docility and dramatic talent, that for a long
succession of nights he attracted overflow
ing audiences. On this occasion, however,
something had put his "star" out of humor,
and he was observed to be wanting in
those brilliant displays of the histrionic
which had previously overwhelmed him
with applause. In the third act, instead
of coming down the mountain by a wind
ing path, with slow and solemn step pre
scribed in the prompter's book, he alighted
on the stage at one bound, like the descent
of an trrolite. On his Teturn behind the
scene, he recieved reproofs, which, instead
ol improving, made his temper more sul
len, and it was with difficulty he could be
prevailed upon lo go through his part.
. In the last scene, he was induced to
commence a waltz with a young and'heati
liful peasant girl, and seemed to take so
much enjoyment in the dance, that the
whole audience gradually rose in their
Sf'Bts, and standing on the benches, drowned
the sound of a powerful orchestra with
their acclamations of wonder and delight.
In a moment, however, the joyous specta
cle was changed into a scene of terrsr.
A piercing shriek was heard through all
the tumult, and the lovely dancer was
hurled round with the. velocity of a swift
wheel, ami discharged from her partner's
arms head foremost into the pit, whore,
however, she was caught hy trie audience
without (lainnjie.
The next moment the stage lover of the
peasant oirl, who had been coquetting in a
dance, in the distance, with a "roup of bal-
iei nancers, aovanceit in me penormance
of his part, to waltz with the bear. The I borhood of a picturesque group of trap
former catastrophe had been so rapid that, i rocks, known as the Hinny Crars, which
though his danger was fully perceived by! quarry itself is of white sandstone" but there
the audience, whose cries were quite loud to rests immediately above it a thick bed of
tcr him, it was evidently unperceived by
the lover. The bear was instantly on the .
qui vive, measuring him from top to toe, subjected in consequence, to a sort of nalu
and, flinging his legs around him, he began ! ral diMillation. The drilled hair.nr.
to waltz with such extraordinary bound-!
ings that the astonished lover was soon j
whirled otf his feet, and, in another mo-
ment, was at the top of a stage precipice, ,
and tossed into the surges below. The as- :
tonishmenl, now, however, had turned into !
consternation. The bear was seen dancing i
forward, evidently pleased with his own j
exploits, and with h is muzzle broken, the i
mask hanging loose around his neck, and I
roaring fiercely. !
The whole audience now started on I
their feet, rolled over each nlher. and in I
the attempt to escape, choked up the doors I
ol the pit, boxes and irailerv. I he town
police were now called in, formed a circle,
and charged the bnar with fixed bayonets.
I'iriti2 was cut of the n'jeslion, as the bill
ets which missjd the bear must take effect
upon the audience; but the hero, though '
lel alone, exhibited at once the adroitness
of education, and the intiepidily of his na
ture, A pail of his training had been the
platoon exercise, and suddenly knocking
down a corporal of the guard with one
paw, and seizing his musket with the other,
he threw his crossbelt over his back, and
proceeded deliberately to prime and load.
I he terror of the audience was now ex
treme, and shrieks were heard from every
side, as he pointed the muzzle towards the
crowded pit.
The guard, which had regarded it as a
remai kuhle effort of city valor to have ap
proached him at all, now widened their
circle in all directions, to a respectable po
sition from an antagonist armed alike with
the ferocity of a savage nature, and Ibe
weapons of civilization- Rut the bear, al
ready long accustomed to military manoeu
vres, and who had exhibited lately at St.
Petersburg, in the pantonine of the battle
of Pultowa, palpably took the Swedish
captives, and picked out each of them from
his hiding place by a tender touch at the
point rf the bayonet. In all their fright
the audience rnared with laughter; it was
evident that his pantomimical recollections
were still idrong upon him, for he compel
led every man of his captives to kneel
down upon the stage, strip of his accoutre
ments, and beg tor his life.
A flourish ol trumpets should have fol
lowed this unequivocal victory ; but the
orchestra, half terrified out of their lives
by the near neighborhood of the conqueror,
had forgot litis part of their duty. The
bear now advanced to lo the front part of
Ihe stagp, growled fiercely at the kettle
drummer, and finding that his signal was
not obeyed, he made one mighty bound at
the drum itself, and rolled into the orches
tra. All the performers now fan for their
lives, desks were tumbled down, fiddles
crushed, double basses shattered into frag
ments, and the sons of Apollo hiding them
selves under the benches, scrambling over
the rails, or making battle with the frag
ments of trumpets and trombones, roared
for help
i he audience, who 6aw that he had come
so much nearer by the route of the orches
tra, now tried to make their escape in eve
ry direction. Shrieks and screams, roars
and oaths, filled all parts of the theatre;
but whether the bear thought that the
operation was too tardy, or recollected
some ol the old scenes or towns taRen by
slorm, he had no sooner prostrated the fid
dlers than he sprang gallantly into the pit.
Here all was confusion worse confounded.
The rapidity of the flight equalled the
terror of the moment, and each was elec
trie ; the bear, stamping, bounding and
roaring with all the air of a conqueror;
and it was not until the theatre was com-
Ipletely cleared, and his roar had entirely
subsided, that the city guard gathered from
the stoje,. made a temporary lodgment in
oneol the lobbies. The commander-in-
chief made his approaches with the caution
of science, and nolhitu could be more de
liberate than the courage wilh which he
opened Ihe door of the stage box. There
he discovered the bear had fallen asleep in
the lap of victory, and, in fact, wa snoring
at full length on one of the crimson benches
in the pit. ' The captain of the guard dis
tinguished in the city of Czerny for his
valor, at this crisis of affairs, boldly ven
tured forward, and ordered his platoon to
fire a volley at the sleeping monster ; but
before this could be effected, the keepers
of the menagerie from which the animal
had been borrowed, came in with ropes
and nels, and were suffered to supersede
the guard. The bear very quietly lollow
ed his keepers; and Ihe authorities of the
ity, on the plea llttit though bears might
mane dangerous actors, Hohcmian actors
would make very good bears, published a
proclamation against Drum's future appear
ance. WHAT'S TO BECOME OF THE
WHALERS?
If all the reports which have come to us
recently fro in abroad, with respect to new
discoveries in making candles are true, all
our whaling ships will soon be laid up in
port, or converted into cod grunters. In
London, beautiful wax-like candles have
been made lor years from palm-oil ; nothing
of the kind has as yet, we believe, been
made in our country. But, more recently,
new discoveries have been made, by which
candles are now manufactured in Scotland
from coal, and in Ireland from peat bogs,
so there is every prospect of the palm-oil
trade being as clearly destroyed as is the
whaling trade of England which was
once very expensive, but is now reducol,
we Delieve, to four or five ships. In Scot
land the -'Edinburgh Witness" states that 1
mere is a quarry anout twelve miles to the
west ol lit in jurrr i. n the immprlintn nxirrh.
dark - colored shale, over which ihB hot imn
must of old have flowed, and which was
shut very closely up, , found its wav into
the bed ol white stone beneath, and in
these crevices the quarriers now find it.
It exists as a liirht waxv mailer, varvinc In
color in the mass from that nf mhn f,i
that of dark amber, melts at nearly" the
same temuerature us hpf' u-nv. u.hloh it
pquaU in hardness, and burns wilh hrirrht
flame. Many years 300 the ouarriers em-
ployed at the work, struck bv its peculiar
qualities, learned lo con vet t it mln ivrv
dark - colored candles, which. thoii.-li ratlw'r
smokv. rrave not n had I... hi ,..h;..i.
were' occasionally purchased from them ns
o!)jec!s ol curiosity, but much oltemr con
sumed in their cottages.
A few years ago, however, some or.p
thought of distilling shales, and the result
has been that some of them are exceedingly
rich in an inflamuble sub
isiance, resolvable
into gas and tar, and which, from the pau
city of its chemical affinities, has received
the name of parafine. Ol this substance,
beautiful candles are made, in no degree
inferior to wax.
Our readers will also remember the ac
count of the famous lawsuit which we
published on pae 10, this volume, 'Scien
tific American," about what was coal and
was nal coal, and how so many eminent
chemists held contrary opinions on the
su'ojt-ct. From that particular coal then in
dispute, beautiful candles are now being
made, as well as from the shales of Binny
Crags. From every Ion of coal, naphtha
and parafiue to the value of twenty-eight
dollars can be extracted, and from the par
afine snow-white candles are manufactured
for use and sale.
In Ireland there are extensive peat-boqs,
which, Irom time immemorial, have sup
plied the people with fuel. The peat is
from twelve to twenty-four feet deep, and
is a solt spongy mass, of a brown color
near the surlacp, increasing in blackness
and compactness, as it descends. If these
bogs were suddenly submerged and subject
ed lo severe superincumbent pressure, they
would form coal beds. The turfs are cut
into the form ot bricks, and i t up to dry
in the sun, and when so dried are used for
fuel like our coals, only they are all burned
in grates, or else in piles on the middle of
the floors of the wretched peasants' huts,
Ihe only chimneys being holes in Ihe roofs.
These bogs cover no less than 2,900,000
acres of Ireland, and are exceedingly dreary
and desert-like wastes.
A company has been formed, and a man
ufactory is now in operation, to render
these waste places profitable, and to make
candles from the deep black, spongy peat.
This manufactory is situated near A thy. in
the county of Kildare, and is erected at the
verge of a great bog twelve miles loner.
fne peat is cut in the bog and carted to
the factory, where it is thrown into hue
retorts and there distilled, the volatile pro
ducts being eondensed in a vessel which
has a capacity of 8,000.000 cubic feet.
From 100 tons of peat, as much tar is ex
tracted as yields 3j0 lbs. of parafine, and
300 gallons oil. The parafine is obtained
Irom the tar by boiling the latter for an
hour, in water containing three per cent
of strong sulphuric acid, when the acid
nnites with th taT and falls to the bottom,
separating 11 irom tne paratine, which is
leu along with the oil. 1 be liquid is then
re-distilled, and the parafine obtained in
flaky cake of a blackish color. These ate
then bleached with chlorine gas, then
steamed and pressed into cakes, and after
wards made into beautiful white candles.
Other valuable products besides the para
fine are obtained from Ihe peat, as the small
quantity of parafine realized from such a
great mass of peat would not cover all the
expenses.
; Thus it Is that science is continually ad-
vancing the ftrts, and extending the domin-
ion 01 man, lor uselul purposes, over the
rocks as well
as Ihe waters. We now
cook our food, we heat our houses, and we
obtain our light from minerals long hid in
the bosom of Ihe earth, and once supposed
to be as useless asthe black mica formations
of New York, which are employed for no
useful purpose whatever Sci. .Imerican.
Nebraska cvritorn
SPEECH OF MR. DOUGLASS.
As this bill was intended by the committee
to carry out fully the principles uf the Com
promise of 1850, and us they considered thnt
compromise had supercecded the Missouri
Compromise,, that fact had beller be plainly
nnd ditdioclly slated. This vcus all he hud
intended lo say, had the discussion onn oti
lasl Tuesday. On that day, when ho propo
sed to say this much, the Senator fiom Ohio,
and the Senator from Mtissnehttsells asked
that it be postponed lill Ihindny, lopivelhem
time to examine it. fie had yielded to this
request as ft m.itler of courtesy to them. Lit
tle, however, did he then know al lhat time
ihny hud ptepared an address 10 the Ameri
can people, chaining Upn ihj9 bill a want of
faith in solemn compacts, and charging him
w ilh concocting 1111 atrocious plot, ami apply
ing to him epithels which could not de used
in intercourse between gentlemen. In ihe
National Era, lite abolition organ published
in this city, thene two Senators publifhed Ihin
add 1 us.-, signed by themselves anil their ubo
1 i I ion confcderales, in which they misrepre
sented the motives of the Committee, falsi
fied the bill ilself, and, in a postscript attach
cd to it, he was referred to by name, nr.d
coarse epilhcla applied to him. Had he
known anything of this conduct on their
part whon Ihey itsked him on Tuesday lasl
to poslpone lha bill nn ihe ground of couitesy
to lliem, he would havo replied to their re
quest in a manner which their gross conduct
deserved. He read a portion of the address,
in which ihe bill is styled a grave violation
of pliehtrd faith, criminally betrayed, atro
cious plot, &c, and then read the names of
Mcssts. Simmer and Chase, of the Senate;
Messrs. Wado and Giddinss of Ohio, Smith
of New Voik, Dewitl of Maesochnsctls, of
Ihe House; nud said these names included
the whole abolition party in Congress.
Ha denied lhat the policy of the Govern
ment, in its early history, was" to exclude
slavery from ths Terrjtoiie. They had pro
hibited il iii tho Northwest Territory, but
had allowed it in Ihe Southwest. It was In!,
orated, pertr,ilied, 111, d at leaM by implication,
s.iticlinned nud reco-nized in. tho Territory
of Tennessee. Tim eaily statesmen had dJ.
sired !o maik Ihe line of demarcation by a
geographical ji,, deleuriiiiins :li:al line, how
ever, hy considoialioiis of climate p.ud soil.
1-1010 uu; iiiuf ui iiih cession ot Louisiana
slavery was nllowcd up to die ihiily-lhird
parallel. It was not prohibited by any net
of Congress, North of thai line. The people
wer allowed lo net upon the subject as they
thought proper. So it remained up to Ihe
lima of the Missori Question in 18'J0. - Sla
very was never established 111 Louisiana by
posiiive law. ft was introduced, toleiuted,
sanctioned, mid becamo in lime as part of
Ihe common law In the ael of 1812. estab
lishing Iho leniTory of Missouri, the people
weie not prohibited from shivery : ihey wei
allowed to do as they pleased with the sub
ject. Nebiaska was then an Indian Territory.
In I820came the proposition to allow the peo
ple of Missouri to form a State Government.
Hon. Jesse B. Thomas, of Illinois, in the
Senate moved an amendment to that bill,
which is now known as Ihe 81 h section
This was intended to go back to the old pol
icy of a geographical line between the Slave
States -and Free Slates. That line was in
tended lo extend as far West as Ihe territory
of tho United Stales extended, and with that
intention it was passed. The question stood
thus until the Texas resolution came before
Congress. To those resolutions when before
the House, be had moved an amendment,
extending tbe Missouri line through Texas
and lo Ihe West indefinitely. It could have
no practicable purpose in the case of Texas,
but it was brought foiwatd with the view of
maintaining the principle of extending lhat
line through all the territories which wo then
had or should hereafter acquire lhat pro
vision extending the line of 3C 30 through
Texas required that any new State formed
North of that line1 ont of Texas, when admit
ted into the Union, should, by its Constitution,
exclude slavery. No 0110 would pretend Is
say that lhat requirement would be binding
one day upon that Slate after being admitted;
but yet, as lire compact was made with
Texas, she could, before consenliug to have
a new Stale formed oat of her limits, bind
herself lo require that the Constitution of
such new Stale should be in a particular
form ; but the geographical line was main
tained by those resolutions.
Aflar Ibis, Catifomia and New Mexice
were acquired, and the question again arose.
The Senate, on his motion, voted into a
bill a provision extending the Missouri com.
promise line to the Pacific. That proposi
tion was sustaiued by the Senate, wilh a ma
jority of ten, but was defeated in tba House
by aeilhren votes, with Frea Soil proelivi-
ties, who violated lha 'solemn oompaot. It
was tba defeat of thafbill which opened tbe
whole fury of slavery agitation, which dir
traded lha oountry afterwrrd. it was lbs
defeat ef that kill which left tbe question of
slavery unsettled, destroyed lha geographi
- tal line and mode a uaw comntpmisa msa
Science "ana the aWrilflrfcttltttrr,TWt amusements, Oct
mire. "fLid tho north been faithful to ihe
Mj0uri enmi mmixe nf 1848, thera would
hare been no slavery nrjilntion; excitement;
to alarm. It was lhat defeat of it, that aban
donment of it then, lhat plunged the country
into a slavery agitation, disluibed our domes,
lio peace, and dcleated tho Senator of Michi.
gnu for Ihe Presidency. Who violated it
then! These very men who now call ibe
Missouri compromise a sncred compact, and
who now arraigned him for a want of fuilh
in lhat solomn compact. It was with a bad
grace lhat men who dad themselves proved
false to tho sacred compact, could now ar
raign him before Ihe country with doing that
which was neenm plished in 1848 by their
own faithlessness and treachery. The Com
promise of 1850 established the principle of
Congressional iion-inlerveHtion, and set aside
the geogrphica! Jiiiensno longer practicable,
becauso it hail been iinppossible lo maintain
it. Was not the establishment of this new
principle a total abandonment and sitperse
dure of Ihe geographical line. To resist this
inevitable conclusion, these nbolition confed
erates had cited nn amendment, proposed by
Senator Mason, to Iho New.Mexico bill, lhat
nothing therein contained should be construc
ted as impairing ihe provisions of ihe Texas
resolutions. By making that quotation, by
suppressing fnels connected wilh lhat ques"
I ion, and by falsifying oilier particulars of
the history of ihe transaction, Ihey had
made out a plausible rase. They had sup.
pressed Ihe fact, that, by Ihe net of 1850,
fixing the tiounderies of Texas, a large por
tion of thnt stale, lying north of 36 deg. 30
min., and nearly as largo ns New York and
Pennsylvania, had burn cut eft, nnd whs
included in the boundaries of New Mexico ;
and lhat iho act creating Iho Territory of
New Mexico expressly declared lhat the
same should be admitted into the Union
wilh or without slavery, as its prople might
determine. The New Mexico Territorial act
embraces within its boundaries this large
portion of w hat was ouceToxas, and declares
lhat it shall be admitted into the Union wilh
or without slaveiy. 11 noes lutlier and pro
vides that the local legislature of tho Terri
tory shall have full power and authority lo
legislate upon all rightful subjects with no
restrictions whatever except lhat imposed
by the Constitution of U. S. Here the local
Irjjislatme is invesled with full power to leg
islate upon nli subject, including slavery.
Did not these Abolition confederates know
that these provisions in tho New Mexico bill
annulled the Missouri compromise in all thai
part of Texas, which precisely being north
of 33 deg. 30 min., wa3fieet If ihey did
know it, nud it was not possible they did not
they had falsely represented lo the people,
in their address, that tho Missouri com pro.
miso was not touched by the nets of 1S50
They accused him, in their address, in 110
gentle terms, w ith an attempt to repeal ihe
Misssmi compromise ; by his bill, when ihey
knew as well ns he did, lhat he had copied
the terms of hisjnll from the act of 1800. If
il repealed iho Missouri compiomiso now,
why did il not do it inlS50!
These confederates assert lhat iho Com
promise of lSfSO was confined lo the territory
acquired from Mexico, nnd this assertion
ihey make in Ihe face of Ihe fact that tho
act creating the territory of New Mexico ac.
tually embraces w ithin its boundaries part of
ihe original Slate of Texas, nnd bought fiom
Texas by the l Stales. A portion of Ihe
old teiritory of Louisiana ceded lo Ihu Uni
ted States by France, w as also included in
the ptesetit organized lerritoty of New Mex
ico. Utah also, as at present organized and
bounded, was not formed entirely ont of tho
territory acqeired fiom Mexico. It included
a laige and feitile tract of country acquired
in the cession of Louisiana. If the Senators
who signed this manifesto of the abbolilion
confederates did not know Ihe territory lo
which he referred, they should have known
it before ihey, wilh this address, containing
falsehood, arraigned him before the public,
He then described the legion alluded to,
which he said had been included within the
boundaries of Ulah in J850, because Ihey
then considered geographical lines as having
no longer an arbitrary influence, but that ter.
rilnriea were to be formed from natural and
appropriate boundaries inrspeclive of the
dale or manner of ucquisilon. The great
principle of legislative non-intervention then
took Ihe place of air lines', and the territories
of New Mexico and l lah were formed with
reference to contiguous and appropriate nat
ural divisions, and not wilh any tejard to
the lime of their acquisition, nor their loca
tion above or below any particular parallel.
He contended thnt the settlement effected
by the establishment of Utah and New Mex
ico Territories, upon ihe principle of allow ing
the people lo act foi themselves, and guaian
teeing their admission wilh or without sla
very, as they themselves should determine.
was a total abandonment of all former rules
and compromises en Ihe subject. The prin
ciple then adopted was intended lo apply nol
only 10 the other territory then owned by the
United Stales, but alo 10 all which might
thereafter be acquired. If it were otherwise
(he settlement of 1850 amounted to nothing,
for Ihe whole question would be opened every
lime a letritoiial government was to be feint
ed or territory required,
WursKtscTTs" is lha name of lha "little
John cow-calcbers " that some of the gitls
wear on their cheeks in tha place "where
the whiskers ought to grew.'
Over $10,000 have been subscribed in
Massachusetts lo araot a monumeal at Ply
rnoutb le the Tilgims.
OLD ATPLB TUEKI.
Apple trees, when very aged, are generally
"hewn down and cast into tho fne." as
worthless "cutnberers of the ground." The
longevity, however, which is characteristic.
ot this tree, prevents the necessity of extir
pating it very often, and it is, indeed ex
tremely questionable whether in most cases
it might not be perpetuated, like the olive
trees, of Athens, and the celebrated mulber
ry at Stratford on Avon, till its duration
should be computed by centuries, rather
than by years. Of this longevity we have a
very interesting illustration in ihe case of the
apple tree planted by Peregrine White, in
ihe town of Marshfield, in I his Stale. Mr.
While was the first male child, of English
parentage, born in New England, and died
in Marshfield, in 1704, aged 83. Tbe tree
was planted, probably, about the year 1648
consequently is now (wo hundred and six
years old, but still vigorous, and has produ
ced l!fruit every year, without interruption, '1
ns far as the memory of lue present owner
one of Mr. W.'s doscendents of iho fifth gen
eration extends.
In suscilaling old trees, or those which
have become unfruitful fiom tho combined
ellects ol age and disease, it is proper in the
first place thoroughly to cleanse the bark, es
pecially in Ihe vicinity of ihe ground, for it
is at that point that the borer commits his
depredations, and ihero also many other in
sects seek and find their hybernacular,
or winters. If the baik is very tough,
as is most commonly the case in trees
that are verging to senility, it is well
to oblain some appropriate instrument and
remove il, taking care not to injure the al
burnum, or to tresspass upon the healthy parts
of the bark beneath the scaly surface 011 the
outside, w hich alone should be performed
wilh a nice hand, for although some orchard
ists ndvecate tho entire denuding of the
trunks of old trees, it is found that scarifica
tion is a most serious injury, especially where
tho system is weak and relaxed.
Tho coarse, mossy bark on iho limbs
should also be removed, and the whole wash
ed and scrubbed vigorously w ith ashes and
water till the surface assumes a smooth and
fresh appearance. If there are any decayed
places on the trunk, resulting fiom internal
or external wounds, ihey should be cleansed,
and the rotten matter removed, and the ori
fice filled wilh a composition of fresh cow-
dutiL', one part: clav. one narl : leached
house-ashes, one part ; and a little 3alt and
plaster tho whole moistened w ith urine,
nud worked till it can be spread easily, and
is suincienily plastic to adhere to the place
w here it is applied. All old limbs should be
removed by sawing; the stump must then
be made perfectly smooth, nud cuveicd wilh
a thin wafer ol grafting cement. In no case
should Ihe amputation bo n: a distance fiom
the point of junction, but as close thereto as
the saw can be made to run.
As 10 the tops, il is better, perhaps, to re
move a porlion of the limbs, as the energy
of the roots and trunk may not bo adequate
to secure iho necessary support ; but wo
would by no means advise tho leinoval ol
many of the limbs; especially loose of ibe
larger sizo near the baso of the top. By cut-
ling out mostly the vertical shoots, and re.
taining ihe horizontal ones thus giving tho
lop a shape in some degiee resembling an
umbrella reversed, the eutilihl will be let in,
and new wood will be developed more rap-
pdly and vigorously than if an opposite
course ol pruning should be adopted. As
the new wood progresses, till tho top pre
sents wholly a new growth.
Where there is a single tree, or there are
a few- trees valued for their particular loca
tion or kind of fiuit, the loots should be laid
bare for at least six feel from the trunk, by a
careful lemoval of the soil to tho depih of
ono foot. The excavation must then be fill
ed in w ith the very best and richest desciip-
lion of garden loam, mixed w ilh compost in
which lime nnd wood ashes leached or un
leashed constitute a large share, and the
surface covered with manure, the best Ibat
can be procured.-
In ibis way, an old tree may be resuscita
ted, and, if desirable, grafted w ith any varie
ty of improved fruit, or left to produce its
own, as the operator may hoc fit to direct.
Oho thing against which we think loo much
cannot be said, is Ihe ptactica now quite
prevalent of plouahing nrilnug orchards
wilh as little care a in any common mowing
field. It has been asserted by some lhat
this is a benefit to tho trees that it causes
them to send out more shoots, and iuctease
Ihe constitutional vigor and fecundity of the
trees T Why il should do is a ouesiion
which no one, perhaps, can rationally re
solve. It seems as natural to suppose that
the wounding or abscision of tha lateral roots
in the case of a standing and bearing fruit
tree, should prove injurious as in that of a
young iree which is being removed for the
purpose of transplantation. The more roots
iu either case, the beller, we contend, and if
orchards ere titled, let the soil be plooghed
lightly, and Ibe operation of inverting tho
sward conducted wilh the gralest care.
But before selling nn orchard, Ibe ground
should be thoroughly subsoiled, cultivated
and manured.
November, if the weather is moderate, is
as good a lime, perhaps, as any momh in
Ihe year for these operations. .V. E. Far-
A Parisian bouse is about to introduce inlo
the manfaclories of Lyon a new kind of stuff,
intended for tha American market. Tha w opf
eonsieteof horse-hair and the chain of silk, and
they intend lo keep two or three hundred
)ooms tenstsntly employed on it,
OLD SERIES, VOL. 14, K0. 21s
AN EXt liLLEXT JOKE.
Tho Lynchburg, (Va.) Express, states that
among the many .beautiful strangera whn
Braced the ball given in lhat city to Thomas'
S Bocock, and his lovely biide, appeared ,
one w ho wns introduced as ibe daughter of a
distinguished gentleman from Wyethville .
now a member of the board of publio woiks. ,
The surpassing loveliness of her face, lha
gracefulness of her form, her engaging man
ners, and Ihe distinguished stylo of her dan
cinjj, added to Ihe respect eniertained in this
city for her hither, made her a bello at once.
Crowds of fashionable young gentlemen
thronged around her, soliciting the honor of
her hand for the dance. Each vied with ibe
other in paying her the most delicate attsn
lions, nnd the jealousy which naturally
springs np between rivals was on more than
one occassion visible among the applicants
foi the "next set." Indeed, but for the ma'
dest, kind, yet fair demeanor of Iho fnscina
ting stranger, Ihoie is no telling what colli'
sions might have taken place among the
mangling suitors. Nor were tho attentions
paid her confined lo theoppositc sex. Many
of our loveliest ladies sought an introduction
to her, and invited her to their homos. She"
regretted her inability lo accept the hos''
pitalilies tendered to her, and pleaded as an
excuse that sho was about to leave tbe next
day for school, nl Richmond. Il is said that
at least half a dozen young gentleman were
engaged lo escort her to supper, and that no
end of money was privately expended with
hack men to carry hor home. But, behold i
when supper was announced the lovely
Miss B was nowhere to be found. A
strict search was instituted, but to no pmpose.
Tho bird hail flown, nud many young gentle-'
men were inconsolable becanse of her flight.
Champagne failed to solace them, and so
many seats were taken for Richmond that an -extra
stage was otdered. When morning
came however, what was Ihe Rstonishmen1
and indignntion of ihe enamored gentlemen
to learn that their fascinating acquaintance'
was a handsome youth of Lynchburg, dressed
in his sister's clothe. It was ev?n so. Two
of our spriyhtliest belles, unable by reason of
clerical interdiction to attend Ihe ball, deter
mined to have their ow n fun out of it ; nnd
accordingly dressed up their brother in a fnll
suit of female gear, painted bis cheeks,
crowned him wilh a garland of flowers, in
structed him in the mysterious art of mana
ging his strange attire, and giving him a let
ter of introduction to one of the managers,
put him into a hack nnd bid him God speed.
The gallant manager proud of his fair charge,
displayed a miraculous energy in introducing
her ; the young lady boy played his patl so
admirably lhat the devil himself would nev
er have enspectud him, and the trick passed
ofr successfully.
S1US. JO.N'ES i'AROI'XO."
The Stamford Advocate contains Ibe fol
lowing spirited adverlismcul which does tbe
authoress infinite credit :
To tiik Public; Whereas my husband,
Edward II Jones, has falsely advertised lhat
I have Icll his bed and board, and lbi he
will pay no debts of my contracting,. S.C.,
this is lo inform the publio that the afore
said Edward II. Jones had neither bed nor
board for me lo leave, ho having been living
at tho expenso of my father ; and further,,
under pretence of procuring money to pay
his way to Uiuningham, Connecticut, he
borrowed a dollar of my fatner, and with
that paid for his lying adveilisement against
mc, and even afer this dastardly act, ho took
11 (he money I bad, and borrowed every
cent in my mother s possession, and left'
town. For ihe past three months he ha
been kept from nakedness and starvation by
tha exertions of myself and relatives ; be
squandered in dissipation all the money his
inborn laziness wonld allow him to earn.
Tha scamp need not have advertised that
he would not pay debts of my contracting,
for ihe public well knows tbal be would not
pay even his own. He is a lazy, ungrateful,
loafing scoundrel ; nol eonlent with living at
lha expense of my relatives and borrowing
their money, he published an outrages lie.
Ills bed and board, indeed ! If left lo him-'
self, his bed would be nothing but a board;
and I should not be much surprised if tbe
bed ho dies oil were made of boards, with
slroug cross-beam oveihead.
Sarah A. Jsxr.s.
A S!.V BOO, WHO tNTEKSTOOD Hctfa.N Na-
Tcr.ie. A young man in California, whose
friends at home had neglected to write to
him for n long time, adopted iho expedient
nf sending tellers lo various business men in
the npisjhburhood, inquiring iho prices of
land and stoeit, what he could buy a hand--some
farm of seven or eight hundred acrer
lor &c, intimating that he had a large sum
to invest. By return mail he reeeived nw
less than Beven letters, anxiously inquiring:
afler his health, w hen he was coming, Sms j
and has received three of fnnr every mail
since, including some very warm ones from
an old and very cold sv. set-heart.
A Wobd to Boys. Boys, did you ever,
think lhal this great world, all ils weallhaad:
woe, wilh all lis mines Bnd mountains, iia
oceans, seas and rivers, steamboats and ships,
railroad and rteanr printing prews, magner
io telegraphs will soon be given over to lha
hand of ihe boys of ibe present age I. He
lieve it, and look abroad upon. he inheri
lance, aad get ready mniies wpou you
lies, , '
Two while shad, eaunhl i" 'he Cape
river, were sold at Wilmington, N. C,
Friday, for ?J.