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H'."-B MASSER, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR.
OFFICE, MARKET STREET, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE.
SI jFamlla ilctospnpcr-Dciiotcu- to jjoMlcs, ftftrraturr, iiloralliji, jForctrjn anH Domestic ileitis, Scftnre ana the arts, glflrlculturr, iHarUcts, amusements, Set
M'.W SKIUKS VOL
.1. No. .
SITMUJitY. XOIM IIUMIlKliJ-AM) fOUNTY, PA., KATIUDAY, MAY 1. IS.13.
OLD SKKIKS VOL. 12, NO. 32
M1Q
AMEEICAN
TEUMS OF THE AMERICAN.
','NIU A-Mj:RICAN ia pulliltie.1 wry Stunliiy lit
A O IHIt.l.AltSj per niiiiimi to lie pint! Imlf yrnrly in
amnucs. No pnKX iliacoiilinunl until all urreahiuus are
All commnnicattfiiit or ieltrra on bit.inm rlnlmg to
b oSge, to uiaur attention, mint be TOUT PAID.
TO CI.UH3.
"re copies 'to misaddress, 5iKI
, 1 , Do WHO
Viitirii Dn D.i , an IK)
Five dolors In ndvnucn will pay for thru yw's ult-
cnpliiu to thr American.
!! Snunte if 10 Hum. 3 timet, '
liveiv sultfequfiit iiiiti-rlinii,
Mie !(iiiire, 3 iiiuiillia.
.' fia months, . i
un year,
liiisinrst Cnrl of Five lines, per milium,
iMt'ri'lraiiti oml other, iiiK-itiikius liy Hie
yrar, with the privileee nf inverting
ilMP-mil !!H'cHticnviitii weekly.
lif Lnruf Artreittftenients, in per RRrepmeiil.
CM no
3
Hull
Soil
Hill
JIIU
inn
.,' H. 3. izi-SGE?.,
'ATTOKNEY AT LAW,
I j l KUSTDTTRY, PA. ' ' '
BWiiiosn ndpiidcd to in the Coiintini of Nor
tliuinbcrlnnd, t'nion, Lycoming and Columbia,
liefer to I
' 1 V. & 'A. Uovou.lt,
Lower & linrron,
SiMu'ciM i: Snodirass, 1 Pintail.
Hcvnolds, MeKtirlnnd & Co.,
r I Spering, Oood &. Co.,
"CTA&ZES J? NAILLE,
Attorney and Counsellor at Law,
STWBURY, PA.
r -
"lriLt. attend f.iitlifully nnd yiTomptly to nil
' profeionul business, in Korthumlirrlatid
anil Union countivs. Io is fainili.it with the
liprman lani;uapT.
OFFICE t- Opposite the "Lawrence House,"
a few doors from the Court House.
SSunliury, Aug. IS, 1831. ly.
' KARrdSEURG STEAM "WOOD
TtJRNfXO AND SCROLL SAWING
SHOl'. Wood 'i'urning in nil its branches,
in city "lyle nnd nt city prices. Every variety of
Cabinet rind Carpenter work cither on hand or
turned to order.
lied I'nsU, lialustors, Uosetts, Slat nnd Quar
ter Mouldings, Tnble Lcir, Newell l'osts, Fnt
. terns. Awning l'ptvi Wagon Hubs, Columns,
Koiitnl or Oclason ("hisel Handles, Are,
CT-" This shop is in STRAWBERRY AL
LEY, iear Thiid Street, anil us wo intend to
please all our customers who want good work
done, it is hojicd that ull the trade wil" give us a
call. .. .
t'iT Ten-Fins and Ten-Pin Bulls made to or
3er or returned.
The attention of Cabinet Makers nnd Carpen
ters is cal'ed to our new style of TWIST
MOi:LDl.(iS. Printer's RiglctB nt 81 per 1(10
ft. . W. O. HICK OK.
February 7, 1852. ly.
EAEL7ABE, CUTLERY AI7D GUNS.
:os, 31 iV 33 Market Sired,
r nit ADSL? in a.
THE subKcribers would call the attention of
buyers to their stock of Hardware, consisting
of Table and Pocket Knies. (inns. Chains,
Locks, Hollownre, &c. &c. . We would rceoin
mend to id!, our
Kmlless Clmin Pumps,
a new article now getting into general uso which
we can furnish complete at about one half the
price paid for the old style Pumps, alson new ar
ticle of .In on Tacc IM,r -o'h', each
Loclt suited either for right or left hand doors,
with mineral or white knobs.
Our stuck of ;illli is large and wi ll select
ed, comprising single and double barrels, English
ninl German nuke. All goods can be returned
if not found to. lie as represented. Country mer
chants would do well to call on us before pur
chasing elsewhere.
Wheelwright and carriatre makers supplied
with goods suited to their business, bv calling on
V. II. & O. W. ALLEN,
No. 31 cV 33 Market Street, Fhiludi lphia.
February, 21, IH'ji. 6tno.
, WH. McCARTY, Bookseller,
mtonnvAY, M'.vni'Bif, pa.
MAS just received and for sale, Purdons Di
gest of the Inws of Pennsylvania, edition of
1851, price only B.()0.
. Judgo Reads edition of Klackstonci Commen
Ur'wa, in 3 '!. 8 vo. formerly fcold at $10,00,
and now olVr.rei (in fresh binding) at the low
price of S 15.00.
A Treatise, on the laws of Pennsylvania re
specting the estates of Decedents, by Thomas F.
Gordon, price only $1.00.
Koasuthnnd the Hungarian war: comprising
a complete history of the late struggle for freedom
of that country, with notice of the leading chief
and statesmen, who distinguished lhemelvc in
council and in the laid, containing SS8 page of
interesting matter with authentic portraits.
Kossuth's address to the people of the United
States, with a portrait, printed on broadcast, uud
put on rullcrs after the manner of maps, price
only 5 ) cents. Washington' farewell address,
uniform style with the above.
February, 21, 1 S3 S .
SPRING MILLINERY GOODS
JOHN STONE s SONS,
IMPOKTF.ns AND DKA1.K1W IN
' FRENCH MILLINERY GOODS,
So. 45 .SoutJt Second Street, Philathlphia.
VRU now prepared to offer to their customers
and the trade a largo and well selected as
Kortnient of
MKn, IMbbom & MMtltirry floods.
' Confining theinselves exclusively to this branch
of the trade, and ImimHing the larger part of
their stock, enables them to eller an assortment
unsurpassed in extent and variety, which will he
sold at the lowest price and on the most favor
able terms.
March 13, 1653. Smo.
Alden'a. Condensed Reports of Penna.
R US'f Published, and for salo by the suhsrri.
JjJ her the Utroiiti Vuluvit of Alden's Con
densed Pennsylvania Reports, containing the
last three volumes of Yeutv' Reports, and two
llrst volumes of Biimey'a Reports. The first vol
unit) of Alden, containing Dallas' Reports, 4 vul
uines ; and Yentes' Reports, volume 1, is alsv on
band, and for sale. The above two volume are
complete within themselves, and contain all of
Dallas Report, 4 volume, and all of Yeate'
RcimrU, 4 volumes, besides the two first volumes
of ilinney' Reports. The third volume i ready
and will lie put to press iiuiueoiau-iy.
IL II. MASSER, Agent.
'Sunbury, Aug. lfi, 1851.
lycomins Mutual Insurance Company,
-1-kH. J. B. MASSER is the local agent for the
1J abova Insurance Cuiopanv, iu Northumher-
.'ul county, and it at all times ready to affect
lsg0 against fire on real or proual pro.
nertv or renewing h""' !" "' "
paubury, April 26, 1851.-tf.
lNK'louraal1' o'"'1'4' t"k. nl '
j .Mtna lor saje, wnoiesaiv aiiu rruui uv
pKsmber 88, 1850. H. B- MA8.SER
SELECT POETRY.
THE BURSTING OF THE BUI?.
Sprinc is comins Spritipr is mm ins !
Willi lift Miiisdiiiit. ninl Iiht shower,
lli'itvi'ii is linging ilh tliH sinoiuo
Ol llu! liuls in butke ami bo hit ;
Kmls tire lillinu, leaves art) swellina,
Flowers on field, nnd blo im on Iree:
O'er tha rnilh, ni.il tiir. nnd ocean,
Nature holds liur jubiletf.
Soft then sleiilinir. comes a feeling
O'er my boMini tenderly ;
Sweet I ponder us I wander, '
For my musings are of lliee.
Sprinrr is cuminc Sprins i? enmitis ! .
Willi her nnni i i 1 1 l: fioh ami lilil ;
With her momi of chequered glory,
Sky of blue ninl clouds of white.
Culm, cray nightfall, when the flight fulls
riuin I lie Hlar-l'cspaicluil hKy,
While tin; splendor, pale ninl tender,
Of the yoiiii!; moon fleams on high.
Slill nt mom, til noon, iiml even,
Sprint; is lull of joy for me,
For I punuer as 1 wonder,
And my mtisinys ateol thee.
Slill on t'leo my thonirhls nre dwelling,
Whatsoe'er thy name, may be;
Beautiful, beyond words telling,
Is Ihy pies'ence utile, me.
Mornin'n's breaking find thee waking,
Wanderiim in the brecze't) (light ;
Xoontide's alnry mantles o'er llleo
In a shower of sunny light ;
Daylight dyirm leaves lliee lying
In the silverv twilight ray ;
Slurs look brightly on theo nightly
Till ihe coming of the day.
Everywhere nnd every minute
Feel I near lliee, lovely one;
Tn Ih .' link and in the linnet
. I can hear ihy joyous time,
Uud and blooming maik the coming
Of Ihy leel o'er vale and hill ;
And thy presence, with life's essence,
Makes the forest's heart to fill.
Low before lln-e, I adoie lliee,
Lovk Cbkativk, thee I sin?,
A'oi" I meet thee, and 1 aroet thee
I5y the liuly name of Spiunc.
DiiMm Miscellany.
ijistovicfll Skctnj.
Fmhi the . Y. Eveniii(r Post.
SURRENDER OP BURGOYNE.
As late na 1777, the seotimer.t of. the
English people generally was in favor of
liirnishin;' means necessary to reduce the
American colonies to unconditional submis
sion. 1 lie King had not soiteneo ins iron
determination to mal;e no terms with t lie
Congress iliat should even hint at indepen
dence. Every expenditure was popular,
provided success again.-t the Americans was
very probable. Jn this state of fueling, an
army cf ten thousand men was placed un
der General Hurgoyne, with orders lor him
to orgai.e in Canada, and inarch down to
Fort Sir Henry Clinton at Albany, where
it had been arranged these two armies should
meet, and thus divided the southern and
eastern colonies bv the Hudson river.
On the l'Jtli of June, Hurgovne's advance
left Quebec, and arrived at Fort Edward,
August 3d. iJiiting his inarch, roads were
to be made, bridges to be built or repaired,
and his diliicullies increased on every hand.
Ihe Americans poured in fioin all quarters,
and the JJiiti.-ii army soon found that any
retreat would oe dangerous, and to advance
was next to impossible. August 11, they
were reduced to provisions for five days
only ; every loraging parly sent on! was
sure to oe cut off, and their situation in
every respect was desperate indeed.
When the Indians saw that Hurgoyne
was in this trouble, they at once exhibited
signs of distrust and treachery. These al
lies ot the British had been the. terror, on
the march, of the Americans, particularly
to defenceless women and children, and
lliev now determined, in a bodv, to leave
the British service. On the St h ol October,
Hurgoyne was obliged to leave his hospital,
with over three hundred sick and wounded,
to the mere v of the Americans. Thisclearly
illustrated to Gates how desperate was the
situation of the enemy, and he resolved to
presj him hard to meet the Americans in
battle. On the 12lh, General Burgnyne
made overtures to Gates, who required the
Untsh to be drawn up in their encampment
and unconditionally ground their arms.
IJurgoyne replied that this would be inad
missable in any extremity, as ths Briti.di
army, to a man, would prefer death to such
dishonor. Gates, at last allowed them the
privilege of marching out, with the honors
of war, and then the terms of the surren
der were mutually agreed upon ; and on
the morning ol the 17th of October, Gen.
Hurgoyne, with hi9 general oifiors, surren-
red their swords to Gates. Hurgoyne, in
a rich royal uniform, was receivedby Gales
at the head of the American camp; the
former came up within sword's length,
reined and halted ; Burgoynp, raising bit
hat most graciously, said: "The fortune of
war, General Lutes, has made vie your pnv
oner" to which the conqueror, returning
a courtly salute, promptly replied : "Is'iall
always be ready to bear testimony that it has
not been tirow'fi any fault ot your excellen
cy." On the 18tl ol October, 1777, Gates
advised Congress ot the surrender; ana
what was remarkable, he wrote not a word
to Washington upon a subject of such vast
importance, leaving the commander-in-
chief to be informed from common report.
Burgoyntr's army contained noblemen of
high rank, and several were accompanied
by their families up to the day of surren
der. From the statements of these accom
plished women, many particulars were
learned afer they became prisoners. Lady
Harriet Ackland was among the number,
and particularly distinguished by her heroic
fortitude, and devotion to her husband, Ma
jor Ackland who was severely wounded,
and left on the field, in the bands of the
Americans, while charging at the head of
his grenadiers. As soon as the fate of the
Major became known, Lady Harriet in-
8'antly resolved 'o go over to the runny
and attend her husband. At her earnest
solicitation, General Hurgoyne furnished
her with a flag, with which, in the dead of
night, nmid a lerrifiic storm of rain, accom
panied only by her servants nnd the chap
lain of the regiment, she approached the
American camp. The sentinel was sr
confounded by the appearance of such a
party, that he lorbade their advance for a
long time, and until Major Dearborn, the
commander of that post was sent for. This
gentlemanly officer at once placed his own
quarters at the disposal of Lady Harriet,
who was in a delicate state of health, nnd
after assuring her of the major's saletv, des
patched a dragoon to inform him of the ar
rival of Lady Harriet, who would join him
the next morning. Gates himself was se
riously affected with the courage of this :
wonderful woman, nnd ordered her every
possible attention, and begged her to look
upon him as a father. Major Ackland re
covered, and, alter his return to England,
olten spoke of the American character in
the highest terms. One day nt dinner, at
a military club, Ihe American war was dis
cussed, and the courage of the Americans
doubled Major Ackland defended them
warmly.
A challenge ensued. The Major fell
dead at the first fire. Lady Harriet's rea
son, in consequence, became dethroned,
nnd so continued for several months, when
she recovered ; after which she gave her i
hand in marriage to the chaplain, the Rev. I
Mi. Brudonel, who accompanied her lotlie
American camp, to join Major Ackland. ;
The marriage, on the part ol Lady Harriet, !
was supposed to be one solely of gratitude
for his kind set vices during her severe tri- I
als with the army in America, as-, by birth :
and rank, she was so far his snpeiior as to '
separate him and her own family friends !
forever. I
Madame De Reidesel, whose husband
was Major-General in command of the Ger
man troops, was another lady of remarka
ble character. With three young children
and her servants, she kept constantly with
the army. In a log house, within reach of
the cannon of both armies, she remained,
holding her children one whole day anil
night, alone with her servants, while her
hubaud was at the head of his troops, ex
posed to every danger, and she in fearful
expectatijn every moment of hearing of
his fall. During this eventful day, wound
ed officers were brought in and laid down
before her ; and one died at her side, and
there the corpse remained the whole day
and night. Other ollicers lay groaning
wilh their wounds, and not a medical offi
cer to attend them. The distress of those
wounded officers, for water, was inconceiv
able. They were within two hundred
yards of a stream, but no one would bring
a bucket, as the Americans were strongly
posted on the opposite side, and shot down
every one who approached the stream. At
last an l.nglish servant woman took a pail,
and declared she would have water. As
she ran to the stream, the soldiers, out of
regard to her sex, or some other cause, did
not molest her. 'I lie gratitude ol the offi
cers placed in her lap pieces of gold
amounting to over thirty dollars.
As soon as the surrender was settled, the
heroic lady, in a wagon, with three young
children, one an infant, and her servant
women, wilhout other attendance, drove
up to the American camp, as she described
it. "A war worn oaicer came tip to the
wagon, and took her children, and hugged
and kissed them. She trembled hers 'If, S'
as to be unable to speak. The officer offer
ed his arm and said : ''.Madam, do nut be
afraid, you are now among friends.' She
replied : 'I ought not to be afraid, sir, for
your kindness to my children proves that
you must be a husband and a father.' The
officer was evidently deeply moved at the
sight of an unprotected woman, with small
children. In a few moments, I was inform-
d he was General Schuyler. Before I
learned his name, he kindly came to me,
and said : "You and your children had bet
ter come and dine in my tent, as it will be
more agreeable than dining among so many
officers.' I gladly accepted his invitation,
and made a most excellent dinner. After
wards General Schuyh-r invited (Jen. Hur
goyne and suite to his house, and myself
and husband also, where we were all re
ceived by his noble family, not as enemies,
hut as li lends. Gen. Hurgoyne, a few days
previous, having burnt Gen. Schuyh-r'
mills, house, &c, the value of which was
over S'.VJ.OUO, was completely overcome
by Ins kindness, nnd siid to t Jen. Schuyler :
'You, sir, treat me. wil'i great kindness, of.
ter 1 mre don: you great injury.' Schuy
ler replied : 'O, that, General, was the for
tune ol war ; we are now friends.' "
General Schuyler was a patriot in every
sense ot the word. A Burgoyne's army
advanced, they became distressed for pro
visions. Schuyler's landed possessions were
extensive and well cultivated and were
in danger of falling into Burgoyne's hands.
As soon as Schuyler saw the advantage his
crops would be to the enemy, he sent an
express to Mrs. Schuyler, requesting her to
call together his tenants, take them into the
fields, and with her own hands to set on
fire the crops and barns, and burn every
vestige that could benefit the enemy. Pos
terity will do this patriot justice.' Wash
ington wrote him, "Stand by the army ;
generations yet unborn will appreciate your
services and reward your merits."
Burgoyne was a noble specimen of a
man. He acted strictly by his instructions,
and when the last council was called, he
stated that every officer was exonented
from blame for the loss of the army ; that he
alone was responsible to the king as he had
never asked their advice, but merely given
them orders, which they were bound to
obey. In Parliament, his defence was gen
erous towards the Americans. He warned
tbe nation that America could not be con
quered. He introduced before the British
people the injury he had inflicted on bis
march, upon the property of Mr. Schuyler,
and how much he had afterwards suffered
in regrets, tinder the mngnanimity of Gen.
Schuyler and bis noble lamily, while en
joying their unbounded hospitality. Ma
dame Beidesel often sproke of the absence
of all feeling or reflection towards their new
friends on the part of the Schuyler family.
On the other band, they appeared like per
sons noble by nature, ready, capable and
w illing to forget, as well as forgive inju
ries. Mark of III HitEKniNfi. Thore is no
butter test of ill-breeding than the practice
of iiiteriupling another in conversation by
speaking or commencing a lemaik before
mother has fully closed. No well-bred per.
son ever does it, nor continues long with one
who does. Thn latter often finds nn inler
estiutr convr isalion abruptly waved, closed
or declined by the foiniet wilhout suspec
ting the cause. A well bred person will
not even interrupt onu who is in nil respects
preally inferior. Il is often Hirnisina to see
persons piidiog tbeteselves on the centility
of llu-ir niai.neis, and pulling forth all
their eiforls to appear In adviiutaae in ma
ny oilier lespects, so readily betray all
in this respect.
Corns on tiik Fkkt. Corns nre one of
the greatest torments in civilization. We
would advise nil to abjure corn plasters and
shields, u bieb may give momentary ease,
but mid to ihe evil in ihe end Pare the
corns as closely as you can wilh safety, and
then tub in sweet oil : if between tha toes,
intiodnee a small piece of cotton liy ibis
sitr.pb; means they will in lime bo com
pletely eradicate I. They are caused by
friction and thn oil softens the part, ami
eventually removes them. We have known
several .persons to try ibis plan with peifect
success. Loose boo'.s and shoes will rarely j
produce corns.
AMr.ittcA ami Kxiit.AM) A challenge has
been received frtfin Mr Mare of the Hriii.h
Yaleh Clnli. by Commodore Stevens, of thn
New l'oik Yalch C'li'b, to try thn Yankee
fpped and bottom once a'jain, in the british
sens. Tbe Commodore of the Yonna Amer
ica, like a modest man, cannot think of bea
tina John Bull twice in his own waters but
politely invites Mr. Mare to visit tho New
York York ?ea, where Old England will be
received wilh every decree of hospitality
and be done for iu first rate slyle.
Dascini; with Situs. Mi. Kendall, wri
ting fiom P.u isj says a ilirlit occurred at
Louis. Napoleon's great ball, between a
Frenchman and n Spaniard, because, the for
mer toie wilh bis spins tin: dress of the lady
with whom tbe latter was dancing. Mr. K.
adds; "Il wasn poor p!;:ce to iutruduco
such articles n spurs ; yet I presume there
were at least a thousand pair attached to
the heels of the Fiet.ch and other ollicers
pieserit."
All the steamers of ihe Collins nnd Cu
inird lines, (twelve ships,) making together
seventy-right hips per annum, each way,
pass iu siabl of Cape Uace, Newfoundland,
al w liieh point the ttdegiaph company is to
furnish a steam jacht to run uud exchange
despatches wiih rvny steamer. Tbe propo
sed liuebee. ami Liverpool nnd New Yoil;
and (i.tlwny line (eiaht vessels.) will touch
at C.ipe Uace, going and coming. j
In IS-Jj, Lafayette, while in Cincinnati,
was asked ns to ;.l!ans in France, lie said
Louis Phillippo would be King and so it
came to pass live, years ufler wards, and i
principally through Lalayetle. Louis Phil
lippu was then a i-.-houlm.ister near Piltsbiuij
One of Cineiniiairs citizens now liviua, was
I
present w hen tho '-Marquis' made, the pre- j
diu.ion
An oiiilnr nt n parlizan political meeting is j
said to have thuudeied forth this "noble sen- j
timeiil :'' -Mr. Choirman, if I was a Siamese
twin, an I my brother was on theolher side, '
I'd cut tha rasi;.tl olf." Overwhelming ap- j
plause.
Ax irttMiKit at an evening setting paity
repuitn. that one young lady made the exelu-
mation "I thought I should have died," one
hundred nnd twenty eight times ; uud she
put I'p tbu impiiiy "Did you ever V one
hundred and thirty tcvcu times.
Tut: Vienna Zeilung records the marriage
of Heir Liebessel Kaiserlieh Kon glikherdii.
ter Oberhofstiiatsgeiii htsianihseanzleiuntiis.
peelionsstilnt and Sandy Hacbeumayer Kui
sorlieh lieuiahlichei Tabackstrafiksanwart
sehaflsiahaber Tochler.
Tiik vnrious specimens of new Potatoes,
grown in the di'Ieieut paits of Ireland, have
been found to bu peileclly free from taint
The quantities planted greatly exceed thuse
of any lato yt-ais, uud the agricultural pros
pects uiu iu general promising.
A man with u very large family was com
plaining of the dilliculiy of supporting all of
them. But," said a f.-iend, "you have sons
big enough to earn something for you now."
"The ditfieulty is," replied tbe poor man
'Mhey are too big to woik !" .
Nuw Orleans editors are often liberally
supplied with champagne, on the occasion
of a distinguished tnariiage. A gold dollar
or two, would ba a better present, we
think, as they seldom bring sham pain
with them.
It costs more to revenge injuries than to
endure them.
V OET1IY.
Tho Country Lassie and her Lover.
BY RtCIIARD COR, JR.
"To-morrow, ma, I'm sweet sixteen,
And Billy Grimes, the drover,
Has pop'd the question to me ma,.
And wauls to be my lover;
To-morrow mom, he says mamma,
He's coming hero quite early.
To take a pleasant wnlk wilh me
Across the field of barley."
"Yon must not go, my gentle dear,
There' tin use now n talking, .
You shall nut go across the field
With Billy (ilimcs a walking.
To think of his presumption too !
The dirt y, only itrover ;
I wonder where your piide has gone,
To think of such a lover."
"Old Grimes idead you know, mamma,
And Billy is so lonely !
Besides, they say, to Grimes' estate,
That Billy is the only
Suivivina heir to all Unit's left;
And that they say is nearly
A irood ten thousnml dollnrs, to,
And six hundred yeaaly !"
"I did not hear, my danfihter dear,
Your last remark quite clearly,
But Billy is n clever lad'
And no doubt loves you dearly;
Keoiember then, to-moiio.v mom,
To be tip briabt nnd early,
To take a pleasant walk wilh him
Across the field of bnrley !"
TIJ.VVKLS IX SICILY.
A A'lSIT TO POMPEIf.
The public have had no recent description
of Pompeii. The following letter from Mr.
Weed, editor of Ihe Albany Evening Journal
w ho is now trnvellina iu Italy, shows Ihe
pmaress which has been made iu tbe exca
vations, nnd will be found exceedingly in
teresting :
Naples, February 20, 1852.
The day chosen fur our visit to the long
bui ie.l cily of Pompeii proved nuspicious.
We bail Mm benefit of a bright sun nnd a
balmy nlmosphere. To us it was a day of
deep nbsoibina interest. We lingered for
six hours about the now solitary edifices and
silent streets w hich, two thousand years ago,
teemed wiih a dense population.
Il is twelve miles from Naples to Pom
peii. Tbe road runs along the Bay shore tit
the font of Verstivins fur ten miles, nnd then
turns to the southeast thrniih a valley and
near the river Sarno, which is supposed to
have been its ancient boundary, though
there is now u fertile valley a miln in extent
bet wren Iho city and the river. In going to
Pompeii you pass through Porlici and Terui
del Greco, towns that have been built upon
l.i va foundations, and arc sine to be deslioy
ed when Vesuvius discharges iself iu this di
rection ; and yet thn inhabitants live on as
little concerned as we are with the idea,
that ihe world is, nt some future peiiod. to
bo destroyed by fire an idea, by the way)
which finds strong corroborative evidence in
the fact that iuteii.nl fire nre rending moun
tains and upheaving seas throughout a region
hundreds of miles iu extent.
The ancient city of Pompeii is plainly in
dicaled by a lidge or mound extending from
the base of Vesuvius to its excavated amphi
theatre, w hich is situated nt ils eastern ex
tremity. Not much, if any more than one
third of the city has been excavated, and
most of this was done by the French, though
the woik has been progressing moderately
under ihe Neapolitan Government. The
task is herculean, for the cily lies buried un
der vulcanic, earlh from ten to twenty feot
deep, and as the roof of the buildings were
nil cnished, the apartments were of couise
filled wiih solid earlh.
Volcanic soil is very fertile. The unexca
vated Whatever is planted or sown here
produces abundantly. Extensive and beau
tiful vineyards grow and bear luxuriantly.
These vineyards give us tho Lagrime Chiisti
uud F.ileiuian wines, which, though most
delirious, are healing and fiery, as may
well be iuferied from the nature of the soil,
w hich pro luces the grape.
Theio are about fifty laborers engaged
now in excavation. We were allowed to
use the pick but not to take away any of the
spoils, ihouah. like other visitors, we did
obtain a few stucco und Etruscan ware
Whenever a Sovereign visits Naples the
event is sianalized by developing, in his pre
sence, the contents of a house, and these are
given by the King to bis royal guest. Eve
rything valuable found ut Pompeii bas been
carefully preserved here iu ihe Museum, to
which, as well as to Pompeii, strangers have
free admission.
Tim excavation display streets, institutions
dwellings, shops, &c., iu a much more per
fect condition lhau I had supposed. These
are ull satisfactory identified. There ia
neither doubt nor obscurity us to the Pan
theon, the Tribunal, the Temples of lris(
Bacchus, Jupiter, Hercules ; the theatres,
the balh, the bouses of Diumede, Pana,
&u., &c. Not only the walls of these build
ings, but their dillerxnt compartments, wiih
in some instauoes, elaborate fresco paintings
a.ie seen. Entire streets have beeu excava
ted aud renumbered. Wine and oil stores
were identified by the jars and other vessels
in which these liquors were kept, and
which ate still in use here. In a large bake
house, the ovens of which are perfect bread!
with the nutne of the baker stamped on
each loaf, was found. In Diomede's wine
vault, the wine jars are still standing against
the wall (lose to which several skeletons
were found, one of which was supposed to
be either Ihe wife or daughter, from the
tioh necklace, biacelets and ear-rings that
adorned the person of tho sufferer. Near
the grate of the city leading to Hercnlane
um, the skeleton of a soldier, who perished
on duty, wilh his armor on and his arms by
his side, was found. The centry-box in
which this soldier was found is perfect.
Tho amphitheatre was a noble structure.
Tho seals were of marble. Near the nrena
are dens of cells in which the wild bensis
with which the gladiators contended, were
caged. In one of these the skeleton of a
lion was found. In this amphilhealre it is
said that 20,000 spectators could be sealed.
The streets were paved wilh large stones
of irregular size and shape, but with a flat
surface, in which were cavities evidently
caused by the wheels of vehicles. The
sidewalks are raised like ours, and hand
somely paved wiih pebbles, nnd around
temples, &c, wilh mosaic. In front of the
Vestals there is a line mosaic pavement,
with tho world "Salve" (welcome) on the
sill at its entrance. In one of Iho largest
and most elegant houses were marble di.iing
tables.
Tbe king keeps intelligent guides nt
Pompeii for the two-fold purpose of showing
visitors through the city and protecting its
treasures. We were fortunate, in addition
to Ihe information given us by the guide, in
Mr. Morris, our representative to this gov
ernment, who knows Pompeii as he knows
his own cily of Philadelphia, with us.
Having wandered for three hours, which
look us about two-thirds through the city, we
sal dowu upon the broken wall of the Tribu
nal, in view of tho Pantheon, iho Theatre,
&c, &c, to our lunch, moistening our bread
Fuleruian wine, distilled from vineyards
growing over a city, whose inhabitants)
eighteen centuries ago, held this beverage
as fit for their gods. Having discussed our
viands, we resumed and completed our pil
grimage, passing out of the cily at a gate
which opened upon Appiau Way that led to
Rome; on either side of which for some dis
tance were tombs. I wish it were possible
to impart to friends even a faint idea of the
solemnity and impressiveness of Pompeii.
Thouah walking literally among iho tombs,
all the aspects of Po.npeii are cheerful.
The streets nre clean, and nil around you is
a stillness in harmony with the scene and
ils associations. You look upon smoking
Vesuvius, down which the burning lava ran,
making fur itself channels which still re
main. Having thus explored Pompeii, we repair
ed to tho Museum, where ils recovered trea
sures are deposited, und here again, mingled
amazement and admiration, wiih even in
creased intensity, are awakened. These
treasures (belonging in part to Herculaneum)
fill ciaht spacious hulls, each devuled In
classified articles. The room we visited first
contains kitchen furniture of every conceiv
able description, most in bronze and bearing
a strong resemblance to ailieles now in use.
In this depailment of domestic life the Pom
peiians were not behind those of our day.
An adjoining room is devoted to Etruscan
vases of beautiful form. In this room, also,
are several magnificent Mosaics. Then
comes a room devoted to glass in various co
lors, and fur neaily all iho purpose for which
it is now used. And yet, w hile this know
ledge belonged to the buried inhabitants of
Pompeii, nearly two hundred years ago, ils
uses and its existence was comparative!)'
unknown iu England a thousand years after
wards ! Another room is devoted to sacri
ficial vases and other appendages of heathen
worship, among which ure vessels for in
cense, idols, deities, &c, &c. Then coma a
room devoted lo weights, measures, scales,
lamps raudelubrus, &c, &c, among which
are steelyards, wiih tho name of Augustus
inscribed under figures of 1'umulus liemus
These articles show a higher slate of civili
zation in this respect than existed iu Eng
land during the reign of Elizabeth, and
prove that nges that succeeded were indeed
daik ones. Two rounis are devoted to mis
cellaneous articles, including iron slocks
found in front of a prison agricultural imple
ments, vases, essence bottles found in the
bath houses, a helmet with bas-relief repre
senting the conflagration of Troy ; bells of
various descriptions, and those for catllo pre
cisely sucb as are used now ; wilh flat iious
similar to our own ; letters for stamping
bread, so like type that the art of priming
ought not nut to have beeu a comparatively
modern discovery ; minor ; opera tickets,
numbered to correspond wilh the seats; mu
sical instruments; dice; pins; nails; locks;
keys ; bits found in the mouth of a skeleton
horse ; paints, including rouge, &c. Iu
another room is a vast collection of memo
rials belonging lo the amusements, revels,
ko., of the Pompeiians. These indicate a
very great fondness for festivals, masquer
ades and kindred amusements. Among the
divinities to w hich lliey sacrificed, il is quite
evident that Bacchus and Venus weie most
popular.
"The Cabinets of Gems" are in a room
in which visitors, ladies especially, linger
longest. This room i floored wilh Mosaic
taken from Pompeii. There, carefully pre
served in glass cases, are gold necklaces,
bracelets, pins, ear and fiugur rings, chains,
&o , similar to these now worn, together
with a great variety of golden ornament.
There are, also, silver cups, plaies, spoonsi
salvers, &o. lime, loo, are loaves of bread,
honey, rain, soap, oil and wine iu flasks,
and eggs, unbroken and but slightly discol
ored., Here, too, are biis of wearing apparel
of wool and linen, and skeins of sewing
silk.
The statuary, arranged io rooms of great
magnitude upon the ground floor, presents
objects of profound admiration. In looking
at these marble and bronze presenfments
yon cannot doubt for a moment that you
have the face, head, features and expression
of illustrious persons who sat for ihem. ; In
many instances these heads indicate clearly
ihe equalities good or bad, noble or ienoble,
for which Iho originals were distinguished.
And in this description of art, Pompeii and
Herculaneum were far in advance of an age
which supposes itself immeasurably ahead
of Ihe ancients. Even Ihe statuary of iho
palmiest days of Rome fails to surpass that
which has been rescued from the ruins cf
ihese buried cities. And the extent and va
riety of these works of ail is truly amazing.
There was more flue statuary buried in theso
two small cities than has been produced
ll. roughout the world, during the last three
centuries.
Among so many hundred statuary gems
challenging admiration, it is difficult to dis
criminate, though there nre some figures
that fasten themselves upon your attention
and memory. Such for example, as the
"Wounded Gladiators," "The Mother of
Balbus," "Agrippina, Ihe Mother of Nero,"
"Thus," "Caligula," "Claudius," "Cicsar,"
'Marcus Aurelius," "The Hunter," "A
Fawn reposing on a Skin of Wine," "Au
gustus," "Infant Hercules strangling Ser
pents," "Maximus in the Costume of a
Consul," "Alexander the Great mounted on
Bucephalus, whose trappings nre of Silver,"
"Brutus," "Cicero," "Homer," &c. But the
head which, for the last two or three years
has arrested the nttention of Americans the
moment they enter the room, is that of Se
neca, whose strong, marked and clearly de
fined resemblanceto Gen. Taylor is most re
markable. Those who loved Gen. Taylor
and revere the memory of that truly great
and good man, recognize this striking like
ness of him in the head and features of one
of Ihe Sages of Antiquity, with deep emo
tion. W.
A Yankee chap speaking of his sweet
heart, says : ' Her hair is of a rich daik
brown Cerulean is her eye her cheeks are
soft ns cygnet's down her lips like pump
kin pie."
When a turk steals, he is taken before an
ordinary mngisliate. who causes him instant
ly to ba beheaded in Iho street, whence
his friends may not remove the body till
sunset.
A Belgian journal states that the accumu
lation of bullion in the Bank of Amsterdam
is so grent that the flnor of the cellar has
given way, and it has been found necessaiy
to remove the money to the Royal Palace.
The less a man knows, tha wider he
wears his mouth open. It is as impossible
for an ignoramus to keep his jaws closed,
as it is for a sick oyster tu keep his shell
shut.
Mu. Walsh says of Louis Napoleon, that
"his habitual discretion and reserve in
speech are such that there is no political
Hobbs, could unlock hiin w hen his purpuse
is to be close."
The Poughkeepsie Eagle, speaking of the
new magnetic engine, which lias been tiied
on the rails nt that place, says that all
doubts of ils entire success for propelling
machinery have vanised.
It is said thai tho next Slate Agricultural
Fair of Pennsylvania, w ill be held at Lan
caster, w hose citizens have subsciibed S2,.
500 to defray Ihe expense.
It is thought that two thirds of the princi
pal business portion of the burnt district in
Chillicolbe, Ohio, w ill be rebuilt during the
present year.
It is slated that iu the town of West New
bury, Mass., there were raised and put up,
last year, of marketable apples, 14,009 bai
rels, worth S!i8,000
Don't moralise to a man who is on hi
back. Help him up, set him firmly on
his feet, and then give him advice and
means.
The lown of PiMsfield, Massachusetts,
containing abuut 6000 inhabitants, has ex
pended, within four years, in ihe building
and repair of Chuiches, $76,555.
Catawba Wine. It is said that the man
ufacture uf Catawba Wine near Cincinnati,
will, this year amuunt lo half a million of
dollars.
Cucumbers and asparagus have appeared
in the Cincinnati markets.' The latter sold
al 12i cents per bunch, cucumber only a
quarter a piece !
Who was the bright Massachusetts Sena,
tor w ho grabbed a telegraphic despatch for
Ihe purpose of securing uu auiugrupU of tha
groat Magyar 1
A gentleman in Cincinnati has trained a
pair uf elks to trot in hainess, attached to a
buggy, they run a mile iu thtee and a half
minutes.
Tub Boston Bee has discovered some
grass from the "path of rectitude." We
fear that path must be sadly overgrown with
grass, it is so little travelled in.
Why are ladies' dresses abeut Ihe waist
like a general meeting t Beouase there ia
a gathering there. Yes, and oftentimes a
great deal of bustle. Oh, bush.
' Onb of ibe toasts drank at a recent cele
biation, was "Woman I she tequires no eulo
gyshe speaks for htraelf." '
Why are persons born blind unfit to b
carpenters ! Because they nevsi saw.