IT
w
JL
II. B. MASSER, EDITOll AND PllOPlUETOIL
OFFICE, MARKET STREET, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE.
N
RY
AMER
1
SI jFamfla llctospaprr Dctootcl. to 3JolfUts, aftcrnturt, JUowlft!, jortfrjit an Domestic ileitis, Scfntcc an the arts, aorfculturr, jtiaihcts, amusements, ,Vt.
SUXUUKY. NM)liriIUMHKIiLAM) COUNTY. PA.. EATT 1M1AY. JANUARY n. 18.71.
NEW SU1UKS VOL. , NO. I'i.
ti:bjis or the amehmm:.
TIIK AMERICAN is pnMishnl .very Aitunlay nt TWO
DOLLARS per minimi to lie .ai.l half yearly in ".bailee,
Ne paper iliac mtinueil until m rrT:ii.i nrr pu.l.
All commiiiiiculioiUMr lctlr.'ii lnii.ic Muling to tin
office, to iiuure nttrnli"ii. mutt Uk l'tisr 1 AIL).
TO CU'JM.
Tare enpira to one adilren",
Seven U 1
Il.t Do
.1li"
iiu
jii mi
. linen " " . . ..... ;
Five l"l!nra in mlvauco win pay mr mre. ; ".....,,,
tlon to Hit American.
One Stonnie of 10 line". 3 tinma,
Evmv aiiliseiuenl hntertinn,
On. .tire, il month",
Six m"iitlii
Out vear,
Ruiilim Canlanf Five linen, per milium,
M.rehant. anil other". Bilvt rtimiia hy Hie
y.ar, with Ihe privilege 1,1 msertinij dil-
fareilt ailvcrtianmeiila weekly.
ty l-argar Ailverlinciueiita, ii per narei-mnit.
9 1 nil
.Inn
4. 'in
Unit
UIKI
III tin
H. 3. MASSE?.,
ATTORN i: Y A T . A W ,
SUNBURV, PA.
limine. attended t. in tlir- Counlio" of Nor
tliumbei Uii.l, Union. Lycoming un.l Columbia.
Uriel- loi
P. & A. "I'l'T, "I
Low kit A IS i mN, I
hOkH A M.IIH.HA-, W '''"'
Kctkoliiii. Mot ahlom A :
Seam so, '.mill A 'In.. J
IB. RnrKEFCMCR.
Attoraey at Law.
Mlnernvlllo. Schuylkill Co.. Pit.
nl'SlNESM will lie promptly attended to in ihe
rdnntie til" Schuylkill, .Northumberland,
tnio'iii Columbia ami Montour
Refer to:
k. "Jordan. H Hellas, o- 11- TV Massac. Ksnr..
Mimhurv Win- le Haven. i.uar.i ii-vn.-s.
Solomon Shimlol, Minrrsville
Mortimer, Pottsiillc
Oct. 6, IS.'iO lv-
C. M 1 1 all. M
CHARLES W. HEGtNS,
ATTC31T37 AT LAV,
l'oltNviMc. sa.
Will iromplly atlrnJ to collection anil nil busi
ness entrusted to hi fare
Juna lfi, 1S4S.
J. E. ZIMMERMAN,
JtSIME or TilH I'EiCE,
Sunbury, Fa.
Off in Di-rr Sirret. imnii-iliatelv opposite tlir
Tulilii- Srlmol 11 oiisc.
tr Mniiea r lUert.iUnil nil Kuiiiiemi ,.i.iniplly un.l euro
fall, attainted t".
April 20, lK.'il)
KCW IltK & I'litl.tlHB.B'IlIA
JOURNEYMEN
Ilalti'i'M iMKUflatioii.
Cot. 61 h ami Cli!tntit Srcrt, PliilmMphia.
(T).NTINI K to iimkc " "'H fm"- '""I more
dtualilr Hat lor the inoiu-y tlnin uuy oilier
eatablishmont in Hi L'oitrtl Males standard
pric of Hta $3 00. (if nts and Doy 's C'lotlt and
GUxrd Cap. Umbrella, Carpet B, Calufy
Tanama and Straw Hats at rijiially low prior.
May 55, 1850 ly
JitKS V. VAKK & Co.
J MP!) RTF. US til'
Vfattiiax, Jewelry, Plated Ware,
Aa FAC i-OOUS,
1 li CkuAui S , hfltttfii 3J A' Vh Street.
ALWAY.lUepou li"5 fuillont assorl
Mt el'tlus ibov irljilea, wliieli liiov will
wli a Urm a Ixw any iu llje !
Juitt 15, IS.)l). Xiu
WM. M'CAliTV,
no i h f i: 1. 1. v. it ,
BruoJicnij,
SVISBUEY, PA.
HAS irvnilW rec-Ived, J.ii.iiiy otl.er arltolea, a
great ark!y o!' ,V.'w, L'Iicjji ai;J K.jU'rlam
Jiig puiteation kuoh a
.'orier noveln. eii;:lf'.s or rrjiarnte.
llerlwrta
Duutaa
JJo Ko.iM'll,
,!u 'J'iol!o-,
, 1 ;i HlttrCo:i,
ncor-dola !. Marru't,
Vekton it a" ''I'O',
Ma"xuell do Marsn,
itrrold do Ainitv-orlii,
Mirri do
Atthf law prioe of from io to 50 old per volume..
Suubary, bepl. 'i, ISjO. ti'.
JACOB
t MITI11A IWUH.
Soulhatit Corner of Fifth and Market Streets,
Pnn.Aii:i.riMA,
"ITHO always Ui epa on hand a larjie stock of
' every varirty of rliitliing innde up of good
materials, and iu tlie lau-st and best niylca. lie
would also inform tlie public, that be pays consi
derable attention in gottini; up Military Clutliing,
in fjood slvle and on reasonable terms.
Juno 15, 1830.- ly
"MUSICAL 1XSTKUMKNTS.
CHAS. DURirtZIG,
No. 207 Chcsnut Street, front Arcailc,
PlllLillKl.rill A.
XMPOUTER and Manufacturer irf all kinils of
Musical lust runionts. Fancy Artiilea and Toys.
Hit pricei are 1 ower than those ol any other slore
in l'biladelpliia' All kinds of Musical Instru
ments repaired in the liest workmanship, and also
token in trade.
Philadelphia, May 25, 1850. ly.
EDWIN HALL,
(f.iTl or Tlir. Fihm or Watkixsiin A Hill,)
V(.- 24 South Second Sti eet,
Philadelphia,
1 ESPEC'TFI'LLV inl'omslii old friends and
I customers, as well ua the public trenerally,
tliatbe lias ojieliod an entire new ttoelc uf rltvuut
sty lea of
Spring & Summer Dress Goods.
Hiaaaaortuieiit consists of the lato.-t and imt desi
rable stylea of Kncjlishj (ierinnn, I'rench A Ame
rican fJoods. KueWaa' Delainrs', Tissues, liora
gea,8ilka, Lawua, M uslina, Shawls, Hdkll's, ( iloves,
and every variety of Dies and fancy lioodd.
Pbilad. March ie, IhSO.---ly
ROUT. L BETH. TilOS. H. B. BETH.
8ETII & nilOTIIF.R.
WHOLESALE GROCERS
AND
CommiseCou iUcrclinuto,
NO. 89 PRATT BTHEET,
(NeR Bowlv'i Wharf.)
BALTIMORE,
Will pay particular attention to theiale of GRAIN
and all other produrta of tha farm.
Balumore, January 28, 18b0. ly
tCovrcsp ci licence.
Secretary of Slate to Mr. Hitlaemann.
IlKl'ATMKNT OV STATK, )
Wasiiim.tox, Pee.. 21, 1M0. )
The tiiulersisiird, SecreHiry of State of the
IT. State, liail llie honor to leceive. some
lime nut), 1 he note of Mr. Ilulscmann, Cliarso
il'Allniis of his M.ijesly the Emperor of Aus
tria, of the 30ili September. Causes, not
nrisiii: from any want of peisona! leijard for
Mr. Iliilsemann, or of proper respect for his
(Joveinmunl, have delayeil n:i answer tiulil
the present moment.
Having submitteil Mr. Ilnlsemnnn's lelter
to the IVsiilont, the undersi;rneil is now ili
reetetl by hint lo return the followin-; reply:
Tin; objects of Mr. Ilulsemann's note are,
1st, lo protest, hy order of his Government,
auainst the steps taken by the lute President
of l hi) t'nileil States, to tiscerlain the progress
and probable result of llie revolutionary
movements in Hungary: and secondly, lo
complain of some expressions in the institu
tions of the late Secretary of Slate to Mr. A.
Dudley Mann, a eonlidenlial ajjent of the I.
Slates, as commutiicated by President Taylof
lo the Senate on the 2Slh of March last.
The principal "round of protest is founded
on the idea, or in the alienation, that the go
vernment of Iho I'niteil States, by the mission
of Mr. Mann, and hi-: instructions, has inter
fered in the domestic allairs of Austria, in a
manner unjust or ilisiespectful toward that
power. The President's message wasa com
munication made by h i in to llie Senate, trans
inittiu a correspondence, between the Exec
nlivu fiuvei nmeiit and a conliilenl ial aaetit of
its own. Tliii would seem to be itself a do
mestic transaction, a mere instance of inter
course between the President anil Senate, in
the manner which is usual and imli.-peusable
ju communications between Ihe ililleient
branches of the government, 't ar: not ad
dressed either to Austiia or Hungary; nor
was it any public, manifesto, to which any
foreign state was called on to reply. It was
an account of its transactions communicated
bv the Executive (ioveruinenl to the Senate,
al ihe reipiesl of that body made public, in
deed, but m.iilo public, only because such is
the common and usual course of pioceedinj;;
and it may be regarded as somewhat strange,
therefore, that the Austrian cabinet did not
perceive that, by ihe iustruclions yiven to
Mr. tlulsetnaun, it was itself intorl'ei iny; with
the domestic, concerns of a foreign state, the
very thins: which is the ground of its com
plaint against the United Slates.
This Department has, on former nccr'.i'on.-",
informed llie Ministers of l'oreinii Powers
that a communication from the President to
either House of Congress is regarded as a do
mestic communication, of which, oidinarily,
no foreign Suite lias coanizaiice ; and, in
more recent instances, the i:reat inconveni
ence of making such cominimieations9ubjecls
of diplomalic correspondence and discussion
lias been fully shown. If it had been the
pleasure of his Majesty the Emperor of Aus
tria, during the ctni"".lcs in Hiiiiaary, lo have
admonished the Provisional Government oi
ihe people of that country against involving
themselves in disaster, by following the evil
anil dangerous example of iho 1'uited Stales
of Ameiica. in making elforls for iho estab-
j lishmetit of itiitrpendcut Governments, ueh
I on admonition from ttiat Sovereign lo his
j Hungarian euhiecls would not have origi.
, naled here a diplomatic, correspondence.
The President might, perhaps, on this ground,
j have, declined lo direct any particular reply
j to Mr. llulsemaim's note; but, out of proper
respect for the Austrian Government, it has
been thought belter lo answer that note at
length ; and ihe more- specially as tlie occa
sion is not unfavorable I'm the expression of
the general sentiments of the Government of
the Utiiled Stales upon the topics which that
note discusses.
A leading biibject in Mr. Ilulsemann's note
is that of ihe coriespoiidenco between Mr.
Hulsemann and the predecessor of llie under
signed, ill which Mr. Clayton, by iliiection of
the President, informed Mr. Ilulsemaim l:lhat
Mr. Mann's mission had no other object in
view ihan lo obtain leliable information as to
the true state of allairs in Hungary, by per
sonal observation." Mr. Hulsemann remarks
that ';lhis explanation can hardiv be admit
ted, for it ays very little as to thu cause of
Ihe anxiety which was felt lo tiscerlain Ihn
chances of the revolutionists." Aslhis, how
ever, is the only purpose whien can willi uny
appearance of tiuth be attributed tolhcageu
cy; us iiolhinn whatever is alleged by Mr.
Hulsemann to have been cither done or said
by the agent inconsistent with such an ob
ject, the undersigned conceives that Mr.
Clayton's explanation ought is bf deemed
not only admissable, but quite satisfactory.
Mr. Hulsemann stales, in the course of his
note, that liis instructions lo address his pre.
sent communication to Mr. Clay Ion reached
Washington about llie lime of ihe lamented
dealt) of the lato President, und that he de
layed from a sense of propriety the execution
of his labk mail the new Administration
should be fully organized: "a delay which
he now rejoices at, us it has given hint ihe
opportunity of ascertaining from the new
President himself, on the occasion of the re
ceplion of the diplomats corps, that tlie
fundamental policy or the United Slales(
so frequently proclaimed, would guide iho
relations of the American Government with
other Powers." Mr. Hulsemann also ob.
serves that it i in his power to assure the
undersigned "that the Imperial Government
i disposed to cultivate relations of friend,
ship and understanding ''" ihe United
Slates."
Tho President recoives this iif-nninoB of I (nr, commolionn, mill evils fur mnrH iiistilfi'i- i ODminiinioiitimi from Iho lii'voliiiiotiary (in
this disposition of tho Imperial GovtirnnuMit ablo tlmn iIhihh which Ihey lirol.-ud to fno'c- vcriiincnt in Unpiry, lo have nn interview
with great satisfaction, and, in consideiation
of the friendly relations of llie two Govern
ments thus miilmillv recognized, and of Iho
peculiar nature of iho incidents by which
'heir good nnderslardiuir is supposed by Mr.
Hulsemann lo have been, for a moment, dis
turbed or endangered, ihe President regrets
that Mr. Hulsemann did not feel himself at
liberty wholly to forbear Irom the execution
of instructions which were of course trans
mitted from Vienna without any foresight of
the stale of things under which Ihey would
reach Washington. If Mr. llulsemaim saw,
in Ihe address of the President to lhu diplo
matic corps, satisfactory pledge of tlie senti
ments m(d ihe policy of this jo?efnl;'ii:i.'t, iu
regard lo neutral rights nud neutial duties, it
might, perhaps, have been belter not to uring
on a discussion of pasl transactions. But the
undersigned readily admits that this was a
question lit only for llie consideration ami de
cision of Mr. Hnlsemarm himself; find nl
llinugh Ihe President does tiot see that any
good purpose can be answered by reopening
the inquiry into llie propriety of tin) step ta
ken by President Taylor, to uscertuiu lhu
probable issue of iho late civil war in Hun
gary, justice to his memory requires ihe un
dersigned briefly to restate llie history of
I hose steps, and lo show their consistency
with the neutral policy which has invniiably
guided the government of the United States
in its foieigu relations, as well as with llie
established and well-settled principles of na-
tioua
law.
iiitercuuise, and the doctrines of publii
The undersigned will first observe that the
President is persuaded His Majesty the Em
peror M Austria tines not think that the (Iu
yerumeiit of llie United Slates ought lo view,
wiiu unconcern, ine exiraoriiinary everns
which havo occurred, not only iu his domin
ions, but in many other parts of Emope, since
February. 1S4S. The Government und peo
ple of the United Slates, like other intelligent
governments and communities, lake a lively
interest in t!in movements and Ihe events of
this remarkable age, iu whatever part of the
world they may be exhibited". But the inter,
est taken by the United Stales iu those events,
has not proceeded from any disposition to de
part from that neutrality toward foreign pow
ers, which is among the deep.st principles
and the most cherished traditions of I tie) po
litical history of the Union. Il has been the
necessary Piled of Ihe unexampled character
of Ihe events themselves, which could not
fail lo arrest the attention of I he? contempo
rary world : as ihey will doubtless fill a me
moriable page in history. But the under
signed goes furl her, ami freelr admits that in
proportion as thesu extraordinary events" ap
peared to have their origin in those great
ideas of responsible and popular governments,
on which the American constitutions them
selves are wholly founded, they could not but
command the warm sympathy of Ihe people
of iliis conntr1.
Well known circumstances iu their history
indeed their whole history, have made I hem
the lepr-jsenlatives of purely popular princi
ples of Government. In this light they now
stand belore Ihe world They could not, if ihey
would, conceal Iheir character, their condi
tion, or their destiny. They could not, if
they so desired, shut out Iron.' the view o'
man-kind the causes which have placed them
in so short a national career, in the station
whiih they tiow hold among the civilzed
States of tin; w orld. They could not, if ihey
desired it, suppress either the thoughts' or the
hopes w hich arise iu men's mind, in other
countiies, from contemplating their success
full example of free government. That very
intelligent and distinguished personage, the
Emperor Joseph llie Second, was among the
first to discern this necessary consequence of
t tie American Revolution on the sentiments
and opinions of the people of Europe. Iu a
lelter to his Minister iu the N'ethei lands iu
17S7, he obseives ihat "it is remarkable thai
l'i'ancc, by lhu assistance which she aflbrded
to the Americans, gave birth lo reflections
on freedom." This fact, which the sagacity
of that monarch perceived at so early a-dayi
is 1 1 j v known mid admitted by intelligent
Powers all over the woild. True, indeed, it
is. that lhu prevalence on ihe other continent
of sen' intents favorable lo republican liberty,
is the lesnll of the re-action of America upon
Europe, and the seonice and cenlro of this
re-action has doubtless been, and now is, in
these United States. The position thus be
longing to the United Slates is a fact as in
sepeiali't! from their history, their constilu.
lioual organization, and iheir character, ns
the opposite position of lLo Powers compos
ing the European alliance is from the hUtoiy
and constitutional organization of the Gov Jru
tnents of these Powers.
Thu sovereigns' who form that alliance
have not unfreqnently felt il iheir right to" in
terfere willi the political movements of for
eign Stales ; and have, h their manifestoes
anil declarations, denounced the popular ideas
of tin! age, in lerms so comprehensive as of
necessity to include the United Stales, and
their forms of Government. It is well known
that one of tho leading principles announced
by lhu allied Sovereign after ihe restoration
of the Bouibons, is, that all popular or con.
slitutional lights are tioldcu no olherwi.se
than as gram nud indulgences from crowned
head.4'. "Useful and necessary change in
legislation and administration," says the
Laybach Circular, of May, 1841. "ought only
to emanate from" the free will and intelli
gent conviction of those wbom God has ren
dered responsible for power; all Ihat devi-
ales from the line eecetiaiily leads to disor.
ly." Anil his late Austrian Majesty, Fran"
en I, is reported lo have declared in an nil
dress lo the IlniU'iirian Diet, in 1820. that "the
whole woild had became foolish, nrul. leaving
their ancient laws, was in search of imagina
ry constitutions." These declaration amount
to nothing Ie than a denial of lhu lawful
ness of Ihe origin oT the Government of the
Unilei! Slates, since it is certain that thai
Government was Established in consequence
of a change which did not proceed from
: lirones, or the permission of crowned heads-
Hut the Governments or the United Slates i ..in reconciling the existing difliculties "
heaid these denunciations of its fundamental ! Such were llie incidents which first drew iho
principles without remonstrance, or fin' dis- mention of the Government of the United
turbaiice of its equanimity. This was thiity ,;,.s particularly to the nir.iitf. of Hungary,
years ago. j .,,( conduct of Mr. Miles, l hough noting
The power of this Republic, at the presen, wilnlU instructions in a mailer of much de
moment, is spread over a region, one of llie j jCi.v. )livjng l,ei. viewed with satisfaction
richest and mot fertile on the globe, and of j by n,p..rill C.vomnieut. was approved
an extent in comparison will) which the pes- bv ,),. ol ,,, rni,t s,.lI(.s
sessions of ihe House of Hapsburg are but a , , , , . ,
patch on tin! earth s surface. Its popnlal on
aiready twonty-livu millions, will exceed that
of Ihe Austrian empire within the period du
ring which it may be hoped llint Mr. Dulse
maim may yet remain in the honorable dis
charge of his duties lo hi Government. Its
navigation and commerce are hardly exceed
ed the oldest and most commercial nations ;
ils maritime means nud maritime power may
be seen by Austria herself, iu nil seas where
she h;is ports, as well as may be seen, also,
iu all other quarters of the globe. Life, liber-
ly, piopeity, ami all oilier personal rights are I State to enter into Iriendly relations willi ev
nmply secured to all citizens, ami piolecteil ,.ry other independent State. (If course, qnes
by just and staple lae--., and credit, public I t jonsi of prudence naturally arise in refeience
and f.iivute, is as well established us in any 1 to new Stales, brought by successful revolu
Govermnent of continental Europe. And the j tious into the family ol nations : but it is not
country, iu all ils inttui'sls and concerns, par- ; to be lequiied of neutral powers that they
lakes mot
trgely in all ihe improvement
aud pi ogres which distinguish the age. Cer" i
lainly the United Slates may be pardoned, j
even by these who profess adherence to the j
principles of absolute Governments, if Ihey
enterlain an ardent allection for those popular !
ioiitis oi political organizations wlncli have
st) rapidly advanced I heir own prosperity and
happiness, und enabled them in so short a
period to bring their country and Ihe heinis-
I ..I...... ,,. .. i.;..i. : i,..i i. i
j.... i..- m mwi ii li i.1;-, iu uiu linin g .inn
respectful regard, not lo say the admiration, i
of llie civilized world. .Nevertheless, the ers of Europe, as well as by the United States
Uniloil Stales have abstained, al all times I before it was acknowledged by Ihe States
from nets of interference with, the political 1 frm which ihey had sepa'attd themselves,
changes of Europe. They cannot, however, j f, therefore, the United States had gone so
fail to cheiish always a lively inleres. in the j f.,r ai ll)rrnay ,0 acknowledge iho iudepen.
fortunes of nations struggling for instile.tions j ((,ice nf ....j., it,1(llipi,. as ,l, r(,snll h.s
like their own. But this sympathy, so far j prove)) it wollkl havo bin.n p.-rcpilate step
lrom bemgneces-auly a hostile feeling Inward ! ,, flmM ttljcl- U(J bem,(il W()uU
any ol llie parlies lo .hose great "'-'""1 j rp?llu.d to either parly, it would not, never
struggles, is quite consistent with amicable,1., . , '' . . ., , r
,, ' ""'less, have been an act against tlie law of
relations with l hum all. I , . ., '. , . ,-
. nations, provided Ihey took no part m her
! he Hungarian peop e am ttuee or four , , -., . , . ' . .. .. . , ,.
I contest with Anstiiu. But the L niled Stales
limes as numerous as the inhabitants ol these i , . ., . ... , ,. , ,
; til l no such Hung. Not only did they nut
I niled Slates were when the American rev. I , , ,V. . . . ,
... yield lo Hungary uny actual countenance or
0 broke out. Ihey possess, iu a disliuc' J sl.(.(),. ; ,u,i nnly did they not show iheir
language and n. other respecis, important cl M, of war hl lh Al,,ia,ic wi,i, anv ,,..
emenls ot a seperale nationality, wnicli llie
Anglo-Saxon race iu this country did not pos
sess ; and if the United Stales wish success
to countries contending for popular consiitu- j conl(Jlpi, ,i,emsi. yes with instituting an lo
tions and national independence, not as im- j (mi.v jMt() , tmh am, rL,.llj(v of po
aginary, but as real blessings. They claim t,eurrnces.
no right, lo take part in the stuig- A,r Hulsom.m i0orrecl!v states, uuinten-
gles of Foreign Powers in order to p-omule I tiamW ...-itainlv, the rtatu're of this mis-ton
these ends. It is only in defence of his own of lhis a,rtMlj wjn ,)e s.,yH ,.,. j.,,;,
Government, ami i:s principles and character. ' Satl,, h;u, bl.(.n (U.;,pak.hl,( l0 Vienna
that llie undesigned has r.ow expressetl him. . ()ril.ls , w.lU.h f()r ,aV()l:ibtt lniMn(Ma
self on Iho snbiect. Rut when the United j , cognise ihe lluugai iau Republic, and to
c. . i l i i . t 1 . . r r 1 7
.-aies oe.ioi.1 mo peopm oi .oie.gu couu.ues,
wiinout any sucu iiiieueieuce, spoiiiaueuusiy
moving toward the adopliuti of iiistitutioi.s
like our own, il surely cannot ! expected
of them lo remain wholly indifferent specta
tors. In regard to the recent very important oc- ;
enrrences in lhu Anstiian Empire, thu under- !
signed freely admits the difficulty which ex- '
jsts in ibis country, and is alluded to by Mr.
llulscinaini, of obtaining accurate inf.irma
lion. But this iliflicully is by no means to
be ascribed lo what Mr. Iltilseinann calls
with little justice, us it seems to the under.
signed "ihe mendacious rumors ptupagaled
by the American press."
For information on thi subject, and others
of the same kind, ihe American press is, of
necessity, almost entirely dependent upon
lhat of Europe ; und if "mendacious rumors." 1
respecting Austrian and Hungarian Hlail,
have been anywhere propagated, that p.opa.
talionof falsehoods has been most prolific
on the. European conlinei.t, and in countries
immediately bordering on Iho Austrian em-
lint wherever these errois may have
ptre.
originated, ihey I'eitainly justified the late i
President in seeking true ihf.n malion through
authentic channels. His attention was first
parlicularly drawn lo the state of things iu j tile," seems to lake for granted that lhu in
Ilimgary, by the correspondence of Mr. Sliles quiry could, iu the expectation of tho Presi
Charge d'Alfairs of Ihe United Slates' nt Vi. I dent, have but one result, and that favorable
enna. H the uuluinii of 1K4S. nn application ' In Hunga'rv. If this were so, it would nut
was made lo this gentlemen, on behalf of
Mr.Kossuth, founeily Minister of Finance, for
the Kingdom of Hungary by imperial ap
pointment, but at lhu lime of the application,
was made Chief of the Revolutionary Go
vernment. The object of this application was to ob
tain the good office of Mr. Sliles with the
Imperial Government, willi a view lo llie
suspension of hostilities. This application
became the subject of a conference between
Priuoe Schwarzeubiirg, the Imperial Miuiste,
for Foreign Affairs, and Mr. Sliles. The
Prince commended Ihe considerateness and
propriety with which Mr. Stile had acted j
and, kn fir from disapproving hi interference
advised him, in case he received a fuither
- t Bin i.iiirrinniain ia-nna ann-in'ii maoa a ih.wiaaaaiaawMTBaaaa
I with Prince Windisgratz, who was charged
by llie Emperor with iho proceedings deter
mined on in relation lo that ;;.uf"'oir'. A
week after these oeourreucea, Mr. Stiles re
celvei', through a secrel channel, a rnminn"
mention signed by I,. Kossuth, President of
the committee of Defence, and countersigned
by Fianeis Puhky, Secretary of the State.
Gn the receipt of this ciinimnriicalion, Mr
Stiles had an interview with Pi iuen Windis
cmntz, "who received him with llie ulmost
; kindness, and thanked him for his eflnrts to-
early pari of 18411. a considerable number of
Hungarians came to the United States.
Among them were individuals representing
themselves lo be in the confidence of llie
Revolutionary Government, and by these per
sons the President was strongly urged lo re
cognise llie existence of that Government.
In these Hppliciiiiiis, and in Ihe manner in
which they were viewed bv the President,
there was nothing iiiiiisikiI ; still less was
there anything unauthorized by the law of
nations. It is the rii ht of every independent
should await the recognition of llie new cc-
veinment by llie parent Slate. No principle
or public law has been more frequently acted
pml within the last ihiily years by the great
pw,.rs of the world than" this. Within that
period eighl or ten new Stales have establish-
0l j,, ..., t.ul nvernmonls within the lim-
ils of the colonial dominions of Spain, on ihis
continent; and iu Europe Ihe same thing lias
been done by Belgium and Greece.
The existence of all these Governments
WKS ,ecognised by some of Ihe leading Pow
cing or hostile aspect, but Ihey studiously
abstained from every thing which had not
been donu in other cases in limes tinst. ninl
roe with the
p01K.Ula lrt,aly ( cornrn,
i same." This, ipdeed, would have been a
lawful object, but Mr. Mann's errand was, in
llie first instance, purely one of inquiry, lie
had nn power lo act, titdess he had lirst come
, to tilt! conviction thai a.lirtn and staple Hun
i gariau Government existed. "The principle
; object the President has in view," neenrding
to liis instructions, ' i.i lo obtain minute and
reliable iufm niaiion in regard to Hungary iu
connexion willi the lulairs of adjoining conn
I l ies", ihe probable issue of present revolution,
ary movements, and llie chalices we may
have of funning commercial ariangements
with lhat Power favorable lo tho United
Stales.
Again, in the same p iper, it is said : "The
object of ihe Pisidcul is lo obtain information
iu regard to Hungary und her resources and
, Ppeeis, wun a view io an ear.y recognmon
of "''I'T'-'"!;'" "' formation of
. i . . i . ...
I commercial ,e,a..ou in.,..,.-, . n was omj
1!1 ,,IU l'vt'"1 I"i,,.1,MB "L"w -"'vernineni suouui
; aPPmlri "u UP "'" ' -a.jen., ... oo iinn
i ' luPw UM U,B 1 re"1"'1" P'"P 10
commend ils recognition
: Mr. Iliilsemann, in quallif ying these slops
! ot President lay lor wnh llie epithet ol hos-
change Ihe case. But llie American Govern
ment Minght for nothing bin tuiih ; il desired
In learn ihe facts through a reliable channel.
Il 8') happened in the chances and vicissi.
Hides of huniaii afl'aiis that the result was
adverse to llie Hungarian revolution. The
American agent ns' was slated in his iustruc
lions to bo nut unlikely found Iho condition
of Hungarian affairs less prosperous than it
had been, or had been believed to be. Ho
did not enter Hungary, nor hold any diiect
communication with her revolutionary lead
er. He reported against the recognition of
her independence, because he found lhat she
had been unable lo set up a firm and alable
government. He carefully fortune, a hi in
structions requited, to give publicity to hi
"'ission, nud the undersigned supposes thai
'ho Austrian Government lirst learned ils ex
Hlencj from Ihe communications of the Pies
'tleiil lo the Sonuto.
Mr. Ilu'lsomann will olsnve from lhi
n'nlement that Mr. Mann's mission was
wholly unobjectionable, and siii tlv within
the rule of the law of nations, ami llie duly
of the United States as a neutral Power. He
will accordingly feel how little fueni'ation
there is for his remark, that "Ihosu who did
not hesitate to assume the responsibility of
sending 1,1'. Dudley M aim on such uu errand
should, iutlepi'nilen: of considerations of pro
priety, have botr.e in mind that they were
exposing their emissary to tie treated as a
spy." A spy is a person tent by one bellig
erent lo gain secret information of the foic:-s
and defences of llie other, in be used for hos
tile pui j'.osos. Accoiding to practice, lie may
use deception, under the penalty of being
lawfully hanged if detected
To give this odious name and character lo
a confidential agent of a neutial Poiver. bear-
log Ihe commission ol his country, und sent dersigned may add, lhat in 1781 Ihe Courts'
for a pm pose fully warranted by llie law of ; f R-;,,; m Austria pn posed a diplomatic
nations, is not only to abuse language, hut Congress of the belligerent Powers, lo which'
also lo confound all just ideas, and to an- I the Commissioners of llie United States should
nounce the wildest and most extravagant no- be admitted.
Hons, such us certainly were not to have been ),.. I!P,.l:lm, t hinLs, j J,ir Jlann's
expected iu a grave diplomatic paper ; and instructions improper expressions nro intio
the President directs the undersigned lo say ,need in tegaid to Russia; but the umler
to.Mr. llulsemaim that the American Govern- signed has no reason to suppose that Russia
ment would regard such an imputation upon I h,., se lf" is of thai opinion. Thu only observa
il by llie Cabinet of Austria, as that il em. tj,,,, ,IK1,,. j ,10S(. iustruclions about Russia
ploys spies, and ihat iu a quarrel none of its j js tial s; i.:;is clw.n (J ilfStmin an attitude
own, us distinctly oliensive, if it did not pre- j interference, ai.tl her immense prepara
sume, :ir. it is willing to presume, lh.it the tills for invading and reducing the Hunga-
woni usiM in ine original iiutmau was not oi
equivalent meaning with "spy" in the. Eng
lish language, or that in some other v-v ihe
employment of such tin opprobiions term
may be explained. Had llie Imperial Govern
ment of Austiia subjected Mr. Mann to the
treatment of a spy, il would have placed it
self without Ihe pale of civilized nations ; and
the Cabinet of Vienna may be assnied lhat if
it had carried, or attempted lo carry, any
such lawless purpose into elie"t, in tho case
of an authorized agent of this Government,
the spirit of the people of litis country would
have demanded immediate hostilities lo be
waged by Ihe inmost exeition of the power
of Ihe Republic, military and naval.
Mr. Hulsemann proceeds to lemark thai
"this extremely jiaiufol incident, llieiefoie,
might havo been passed over, without any
written evidence being left on our pail in llie
archives of tlie United Stales, had not Gen.
Taylor thought proper lo tevive the whole
subject, by communicating to thu Senate, in
his message of the ISth 28lh of last March,
the iiistiuciions with which Mr. Mann hail
been furnished on the occasion of his mission
to Vienna. The publicity wtiirh has been
given to lhat document lias placed the Impe
rial Government under the necessity of en
tering a formal protest, through ils official
representative, against llie proceedings of the
Amei Ican Government, lest that Government
should construe our silence into approbation,
or toleration even, of the piinciplis which
appear to have guided its notion and the
means it has udopled." The undersigned
re-asserts It) Mr. Hulsemann. ami lo the Cabi
net of Vicuna, anil iu the presence of the
world, that the steps lakeu by President Tay
lor, now protested against by lli Austrian
Government, were warranted by the law ot "anis me conclusion oi i:.s nolo Mr.
nations and ag.eeable lo the tisuages of civil- i ""''"i'"'" remarks lhat ''if ihe Government
ized States With respect to the commuci- " ,ho l'ui'" halt's were lo think it proper
cation of Mr. Mann's instructions lo ihe Sen- j " an bulbed pan in the political move
ale, and ti'.e language iu w hich they are menu of Europe, Amei ican policy would be
! t'(,lll'll,',l il has already been said, and Mr.
llulseniami must led tlie justice ol llie re- inconveniences w: icn wouai not tan loaned
mail;, lhat these are domesUo'-ailaiis, iu re- j commerce and industry of tlie two hemi-'
feieuce to which the Government of the j spheres."' As to Iliis possible fortune, this
United Stales cannot admit iho slightest re- j hypothetical retaliation, llie Goveinment and'
sponsibility lo llie Govei nment of hi, Imperial j people of Ihe Uuiled Stales are quile willing'
Majesty. I '" 'a1-' ihe'n chances am! abide their destiny.
No Slate, tle.ierving the appellation -if in- j Taking neither a direct or indirect part iu the
dependent, can peimit the language iu which domestic or intestine movements of Europe,
it may instinct ils own olilceii iu li e dis- j ihey have i.u tear of events of the nature al
charge of their duties to itsell i i be ca!!cd in j ludcil lo by Mr. fhi'semaiin. It would be
question under any pretext by a foreign pow- idle now to discuss with Mr. Hulsemann
er. Sut. even if this were not so. Mr. Hiilse- j those acls of retaliation which he imagines
maun is in an error in slating that ti e Aus- ; may possibly take place ::t fume indefinite
Irian Covcrnrirut is ca!led an : lion Ride" in , time hcrcal'lur.
Mr. Mann's i:ist.uclio;ii. The phrase is i,ot Tnc (,lu,s,i ,,c jis(.Ussed when'
found ill the paper; and in respect to the j ,u.v ;U;S1. ;,hl Jjr. Hulsemann ami IheCabi-'
honorary eniihet bestowed in Mr. .Maun s in- . , ., . , .
1 - 1 , , . . i , ; uat at leuna may, rest assured lhat, in ihe
structions on the late ctnel ot t.ie t. 'yolutuiii- ,. . .. -' ' . .. ...
ary Government of Hungary, Mr. Ilidsemauu I
will bear in mind lhat the Government of the '
United Slates cannot j"slly be expected, in a I
confidential cjiiimunu nlion to iu own agent,
lo withhold fi oin an individual r.n epithet of
distinction of which a great part of the woild
think him worthy, merely on the ground
thai his own Government regards him as a
rebel. 'I an early tinge of ihe American
Revolution, when Washington was coiihideied
by tho English Government ns a rebel chief,
hi) was regar led on lhu continent of Europe
as an illustrious heio. But iho endersigned
will take the liberty of bringing tho Cabinet
of Vienna into llie presence of ils own prede
cessors, and of citing for its consideration Ihe
conduct of Ihe Imperal Government itself.
In the year ki7 lhe war of the American
Revolnliou was lading "H over these United
Slates; England was prosecuting thai war
with a most resolute deterininalion, and In
itio exertion of all her military means lo ihe
fullest extent. Germany was al that lime at
peace wilh England; and yd ai agent of
lhat Congress, which was locked upon by
England in no oilier light I hull thai of a body
in open rebellion, was not only received wilh
great respect by llie Ambassador of Ihe Em
press Queen at Paris, and by the Minister of
Ihe Grand Puke of Tuscany, who atieiwar.lt.
mounted the inipcuul thione, tut u's.dtii in
OU SKK1KH VOI,. , NO. o
imii nililili. al
Vienna tor a considerable lime; not, indeed
officially acknowledged, but treated with
'Otitt sy ,, r ; .'lee-; ami the Emperor Suf
fered himself lo be persuaded by that ncen
t evert himself to prevent the German Pow.
eis Iron) furnishing troops lo England to ena
ble her to suppress the rebellion in Ameiica.
N'eilhei Mr. Iliil-reinaim, nor the Cabinet of
Vienna, it is presumed, will undertake lo say
that anv thing said or dune by this Govern
ment iu regard lo the recent war between
Austiia and Hungary is nut boine out, and!
much mote than borne ojit, by this example
of the Imperial Cum l. It is believed that the
Emperor Joseph the Second habitually spoko
in terms of respect und admita'l.'on of the
cliniiieter of Washington, ns he .ii known lo
have ihn e that of I'lauiilin : and ho deemed1
it no iiiliaciiun of in i.lraiity lo inform him
s'll of the progress o! the Revolutionary strug
gle in .'tmetiea, nor lo evpr'si bis deep sensa
if the mt riis and the tuleuis of thoVe illustri
ous men who were then leading their coun-
liy to independence nud renown. Tha tin.
i,. ,i,,. r,,i , r a,,,i-;.,
from which they
de.-iie to b'j leleased gavt so serious a char
acter lo llie contest as to awaken Ihe most
painful solieilitnde in the minds of Ameri
cans." Tho undersigned cannot but consider
Ihe Austrian Cabinet as unnecessarily suscep
tible iu looking upon language like this as a
'hostile demonstration."
If we remember lhat it was addressed by
the Government to ils own agent, and lias re
ceived publicity only through a communica
tion fioin one Department of the American
Government to another, the language quoted
must be deemed modciute ami inoffensive.
The comity of nations would hardly forbid
its being addressed to the Iwo Imperial Pow
ers themselves. 1: is scarcely necessary for
llie utideisigned to say. that iho relations of
the United Stales with Russia have always
been of the uio.it liiendly kind, and have
never been deemed by either party to require
any compromise ol their peculiar views upon'
subjects of domestic or foreign policy, cr Ihe
true oiigiu of Governments. At any ralej
the fact that A irt.i:'. in hvr contest with
Il:t'.;arv, had an intiuiult! and faithful ally
iu Russia, cannol altar Ihe real nature of tho
question between Austiia and Hungary, nor
iu any way ailed the netilr.il rights anil du
ties of the Government of ihe United Stales
or the justiliiible sympathies of Ihe American
people. It is. indeed, easy lo conceive that
favor toward stiuggling Hungary would not
be diminished, but increased, when it was
seen that tin! ar.n of Austria was strength
ened mid upheld l y a power w hose assistance
threatened lobe, and which iu the end pro
ved to lie, overwhelmingly destructive of all'
her -mtv.
j exposed lo nets of letaliatiou, and lo certain
III", I III lint , 1 Illin ni mi iiiiii linn DIIICIUIIU
exact fidelity all their neutral dutits, nothing
will deter either the government or Ihe peo
i pie of the United States fiom exercising, at
iheir own discretion, Hit rights belonging lo
I ihem as an independent tuition, and of form."
j ing and expicsaiiig their opinions, freely, and
j at all limes, :-pou Ihe git at political events
thai may liaiispire among civilized nations of
the earth. Their own instilulionssland upon
the broadest principles of civil liberty; and
believing those piiuciplcs and the fundumen-'
tal laws in which they are embodied Id be
eminently favorable lo the prosperity of
States to be, in fact, ihe only principles of
government which meet the demand of the
picsent enlightened age ihe President ha
perceived with groat satisfaction lhat, ill the
C.inlilulioil leoenlly introduced in lo Ihe
Austrian ci.ipne. many of those great princi
ples uio leciignie.l and applied, and hecher-i.-hes
a siucoie w ish thai ihey may produce;
the same happy eiieels llnnughout his Au
H ian M.,jesiy ' extensive dominions lhat ihey
have done iu the Uuiled Stales
The iiiideisigned has iho honor to repeat to
Mr. llidsemaim' llie assurance of hi high
coueidcialioii.
DAMEL WEBSTER.
Tnr. tt'.iik ol the congregation tire Ihe piai
st of t it- wiulsu f