AMERICAN
UNI
II. B. MASSER, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR.
OFFICE, MARKET STREET, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE.
a iFamflg ilttospaprr-firtotcH to jjotftfcs, Hftcraturc, .morality jForcfjn an Bomtstfc iictos, Btttntt an& the arts, SlcrCtuIturr, markets, Amusements, fcc.
NEW SEMES VOL. a, NO. 11.
SUN BURY, NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, PA., SATURDAY, JUNE S, IS.IO.
OLD SERIES VOL. lO, NO. 37,
..-- CI . , I, -J
lE?'i?S?if.'
THE AMERICAN In published vrry Soturtlny nt TWO
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Business Cards of Five lines, per annum,
Merchants and others, advertising by the
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ferent advert iseinenis weekly.
fj? Larger Advertisements, us per agreement.
fl10
23
250
37S
600
300
1000
H. B. lO-SSEE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
SUNBTTR-V, PA.
Business mended to in the Counties of Nor
buml erlaiul, Union, Lycoming and Columbia.
Helrr to i
P. rV A. IJovnniiT,
l.nWKlt & UiKHOX.
tSoMKin &. Witoiioms, yPhilad.
Kktnoliib, McKAIII.sSiI & Co,
Spkri no. 'innn &. Co.,
RANK NOTE TABLE.
CORRECTED WEEKLY.
PENNSYLVANIA.
C1TI OF PltlLADELPlll.
I". S. Bank notes 13 ilia
AU solvent banks pro
COUNTRY.
Bank of Cluiiiibarsliurg 1 di?
Hank of Chester Co. par.
Bank of Del. Co. Chester par;
MASSACAVSETTS.
All solvent bunks j dis
HHOUK ISLAND.
All solvent banks J dis
CONXEC'I'ICUT.
All solvent hanks j dis
NEW YORK.
CITY.
Hank of tierinantowu
ltnrlAII Solvent liunks i 'S
Bank of Gettysburg
1 dis I? Ilk notes under S3 dis
Hank of l,.ustmvu cocntuy.
llHiik of .Middle! iwn 1 'tis All i.verH banks 1 dis
Moiilgom-ry Co Hmk per -MV J KKSlA .
Uuik nf .Virlliiitnberrml. p-n lk-lvidi-re H.'u.k
Hnnkof I'illsl.liri; 1 il" Counnelel.il H:ili i Hs
Biuk of Danville par I- nr. Hmk out H".ly V"'
Carlisle Bank 1 di. F. .M .. Ali.l.ilelt.wli l't. pur
Columbia h'k , H'tfei'y par Jnfiiuiiiri lk. evurK par
ll.ivelst'iwn IJillli p-n
Meoh. Ilk of HurlinuMn par
Kuttoti Hank
par -vieen. oian. in. j rem i-u
Erie Hank
8 dis'Morris Co Hank
ihs
Kxehance H'k rilfsbnrg I dis Newark Bk ir 4 Ins. Co J is
Exehauee H'k. Hr; h 1 ills Oraiiee Bank J 'lis
Farmers' H'k, BnekiCo pur IV -pic's Ilk Patterson J dis
Farmers' Hk, Irtnrasier par'l'rincet m Hank par
Fanners' Bk, Keidina parlSnkan Bunking Co, lr
Uli- ..Ii.ivILmII Cn nanSemerret Co Hank J (lis
rti). Bk Wnvnesh'g Urtis flale Hank nt Camden par
Franklin Bk. Wasii'u lj.lis, State Hk Kliznhethton J di
Harrishura; Bunk
J dis Mute HuilK .earn urn
1 riis'Wnte Bk. N. Brunswick pur
Honesdjle Bank
Lancnsler Bank
Lebau'in Bank
Merrh. A Mull. Bank
Miners' B'k, Pottsville
liar(
par
1 dis
per
I dis
Sussex Bank. Newton f uis
rnoiton Bunking Co pur
I nion Bank. Dover j A"
Ynnllovv'leiDel Dr Co l.ldis
.Moiionguheta Bank
tyBk notes under ga j dis
Tavlorsv'e Del B'a Co 13 dis Dl.l.A AU1-..
Wi.l Hraiieh Hank nar Hank of Delaware pa'
Wvoniing Bk,Wilkesb'c purl Bunk ol Sniyrna pur
YorkBank. 1 dis: Delaware City Bank par
t'Kelief notes 1 ills
MAINE.
Bank of Whetlo- k 5 dis
Mercantile Bk. Bangor 10 (lis
All solvent banks ! dis
NEW IIAMI'SIIIUE.
All solvent banks 3 lis
VERMONT.
Hk Wihng'ji Bramlyw. pur
I'ariuers' Hk St Deluwuie pur
1 'lib. n ibillk. Wihnillgtiaipnr
i'i- L nder P i's j dis
OHIO.
All .Ivent Innks 9 dis
iJBk not,., under S s 4 dis
NORTH CAHOL1NA.
All solvent b!is 2 dis
tV'L'llderS's, SJ dis
Bank of St Allmns 9 din
All solvent btiuKs j dm
A CALL TO HOUSSXEEPS.IS
At the Cabinet Ware IS:m of
SEIVN IIOITPT & CO.
Maiket Square,
Also al the corner of Fawn street Sf the Uaihoadi
SUNBURY, PA.
Tliankful for til patrontre of ItU friends and
customer, during the 17 years lie lias Iwen in lusi
new in this place, he solicits from the pulmc a con
tinuance of their fuvora. lhtrint; thin period he
liaa endeavCTcd to keep up with the improvements
of tin duv, and has accordingly extended his bust
liens in even,' branch and variety. The public are
therefore incited to the attention of the present
stock of
CABINET WAKE AND CHAINS,
Manufactured by
SEBASTIAN HCOTf & CO.
' At the Old bUnd,
Where in addition to their former stock of tho
establishment they now mamtWtu.c
Mahogany, Walnut & Cane-Seat Chairs,
Lartre Spring Seat Rocking Chairs,
Dressing Bureaus, Centre Tables,
.Marble Top Wash Stands,
and a variety o f other
new style and
r.tMhionable furniture
Having secured a Hearse elid mnde the neces
ury RTratitreineiits for the purpose, lliey ure now
im pared for i:nlerlakin? in all its brunches, in
this vicinity or st any convenient distance.
Y'e maids and mistnsse., and tmstands too,
Here", furniture of every style nnd hue,
From side boards down to kilflien tables,
Krom rocking chairs tu i kiug erudb-s
Should you not have the ready John to pay,
We'll wait awhil. for a brighter better day,
Or take potutoe., oats, corn, wheal and rye ;
Bark, boop poles, staves, or lumber wet and dry,
Or any thing but yokes and threshing flails,
. Ftom pis and turkies down to little quuils.
Come on then friends, come one and all,
Keep trade a moving, "goe. on the bal!."
ty Orders from a distance promptly attended
10 and work of all kinds delivered with dispatch.
6unbury, March 9, 1850. tf.
EEFOSM Y0TJR HABITS.
Com. ye. with gar'iients liare and seedy,
Y bach'lora, wido'er. and husUmus too,
If, in the outward mau you'r need ,
We .vuican make you ns g id us new.
f-HE subscriber resjiectfully informs his friends
JL and the public, that he will commence in this
place, on the 6th of April next, the
: T4iMmimsixi'ss
in all its branches. He will be careful to see that
his work is made up in the beat manner, and he
flatters himself, that he will be able to give entire
satisfaction in point of cut. lit and style, as well
as in price. He therefore respectfully soliciuhis
friends and the public generally to call and give
him a trial.
His shop it a new building in Fawn street lie
low Weaver's Hotel.
, JACOB 0.13ECK.
8unbury, March 30, 1650. 8m
EDWIN IIA.LL,
(L.ti or T Fis o WiTKtHso St Hill,)
JVb. 21 South Second Street,
Philadelphia,
1y ESPECTFULLY informshis old friends and
t customers, as well as the) public generally,
that he ha opened an entire new stock of elegant
styles of '
Spring & Summer Dress Ooodi.
His assortment consists of the latest and most desi
rabls style of English, German, French eV A me.
rican Good. Huch as Delaines', Tissue, 13 era
t es. Silks, Lawns, M uslins, Shawls, Hdkffs, Gloves,
snrl.v.rv variety of Dress sid Fancx Goods.
rhiUd. March 1, l?30.-lv
SELECT POETRY.
BIHD-ISOTES.
BY W.M. H C. HOJMLR.
Yes, the stork in the heaven knoweth her appointed
times; and the turtle, and the crane and the swallow, ob
serve the time of their coming. Jan. c. vtl. V. 7.
The stork in heaven knoweth
Her own appointed time,
And like an arrow goelh
Back lo our colder clime ;
The turtle, crane and swallow
Come on unerring wing,
When northern hill nnd hollow
Busk in the light of Spring.
But we, endowed with reason,
Cannot foreknow the hour
Tho sweet, appointed season
For bursting of Hope's (lower;
When near ihe glad fruition
Of loil that worked annoy
When sorrow's drear condition
Gives place to heurt-felt joy.
Lo ! blighting frost encroaches
On Autumn's sad domain,
And Winter wild approaches
To enil his feeble reiun:
The birds of passatre gather
And Hv across the wave,
Their guide a Heavenly Father
Omnipotent lo save.
But man, with reason gifted,
Cannot ihe hour foreknow
When Hope's bright curtain lifted
Reveals a waste of wo;
When clouds send lightning fla&hes
Our nloTs to consume,
And dreams resolved to ashes,
Are scattered on his tomb.
Graham for June.
MEMORY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD.
All alone I love to wander,
Seeking out Ihe slillest glade;
From the gay I keep asunder,
Courting the deep foresl shade:
By the wall of rocky ledges,
By the streamlet's verdant edges
I sit me down to think oh, when
Wilt thou reditu lo mo again !
On the pinions of ihe breezes
Lovely Spring comes back nun in,
Bearing w ith her all that pleases
Bringing happiness again:
But in the forest's dark recess,
I line! my chiefest happiness
In moans and mourning when, oh,
when
Wilt thou telurn to mo again!
As the brook its ripple pours
On and on to meet the sea,
So my tear drops fall in showers
While I sit and think of thee:
How much longer wilt thou tarry?
Anguish makes my henr! grow weary:
Slill breathe my lips Iheir piaint oh,
when
Wilt thou return to nie again?
City Item.
THE WIFE OF KOSSUTH.
HER FLIGHT AND ESCAPE.
At the time when all was lost to the
Hungarians, and each had to seek his own
safety in flight, Gov. Kossuth, and his lady,
who had accompanied tier husband through
out the war, thought it best to separate, in
order that one of them, if possible, might
save their lives for the sake of their chil
dren, who had been left under the protec
tion of their grandmother. The Governor
determined to remain with his brave offi
cers, still with him, and to share .neir fate,
Madame K. informed her husband and a
female friend, the wife of an officer, where
she would endeavor to seek safety and as
evpry moment was precious, this delicate
lady clothed herself as a beggar; her hus
band gave her his signet ring, and the seal
of the government of Hungaryt that these
might be a passport for her, in the event
of her meeting with those who were friend
ly to their cause. Without any clothes,
except those on her back, she commenced
her sad and fatiguing journey on foot. She
travelled long, and experienced all kinds of
hardships, privations, and dangers. When
stopped by the Austrian or Russian guai'ds,
she feigned extreme old age, and said she
was in search of a little grandson who had
got lost in the war ; so they let her pass,
little knowing the value of the prize they
had in their bloody hands!
Thus she continued on, until she reached
an extensive pasture country, uninhabited,
except by herdsmen, almost as void of in
tellect as the herns they guarded ; here she
sought and found a resting place. These
poor sorfs made her a fresh bed of straw,
covered her with their cleanest sheepskins,
and fed her with their brown bread, and
here she remained three months, during
which time the winter cold came on, and
having but little covering, you may easily
conceive how intensely she must have suf
fered. Gov. Kossuth had sent for his chil
dren, that he might take leave of them,
and give them his last blessing; they Were
brought to him by his mother, and again
taken to their home. The Austrian exe
cutioner (Haynau) had long since commen
ced his bloody work. Kossuth, and those
with him, fled towards the Turkish frontier
to the fortress of Widden. We cannot
enumerate all the suflerings, losses, and an
guish experienced by those unfortunate
men during their flight ; most of them how
ever, reached Widden.
They were no sooner there, than their
first thoughts were of Madame Kossuth,
and her friend, the wife of the officer to
whom she had communicated the place of
her intended concealment, determined to
eek and find her, if the was still alive.
She sat out on her wearisome journey, habi
ted in a similar guise at that of Madame
Kossuth as a beggar and thui the passed
the soldiers and guardi of the enemy, until
she reached the hiding place of her friend,
who riarj been the companion of her youth
arid harpicr days: and now they were to
, encounter new dangers. The herdsmen
j built them a little cart, and gave them a
horse, as Madam Kossuth, worn out by
anxiety, privations, and sullenngs, Was no
lonerer able to Walk : the roads had now
become impassable, narrow and slippery on
the sides of the mountains; one false step
would have plunged them down into an
almost bottomless abyss ; but with tne gat
lows in their rear, and their husbands be
fore them, hope gave them courage, and
onward thev wenti We knew not What
length of time they occupied in their jour
ney ; but, as it was in winter, and they
had often to conceal themselves in clefts of
rocks and overhanging mountains, from the
scouts of the enemy, it must have been a
long and weary one, and, when discovered,
they passed fur beggars, and asked lor bread
from their blood-thirsty foes. I hey uitt
mately reached the town of Belgrade,
where they expected to find their husbands,
and a termination of their sufferings. Im
agine, then, their feelings of disappoint
ment, when they learned that not a Hun
garian was there all had been removed to
Shumla What was now to be done? They
Were worn out, and could proceed no far
ther. Hone even had forsaken them. No
husbands to embrace, no friends to Welcome
them. They decided to throw themselves
upon the humanity of the Sardinian Con
sul. They knocked at his door, which was
opened by the Consul himself. Two beg
gar women stood before him, the pictures
of misery and woe. He asked them what
they wanted. They answered "food and
shelter." He requested them to come in.
Then the officer's lady introduced him to
Madame Kossuth, wile of the President of
Hungary. He could tint believe it until
she took from her bosom the signet ring
and seal of the government of Hungary.
What followed can easily be conjectured;
they were , sufficiently rested ; he made
known their case to the Frince of aema,
who sent them his carriage-and-four, with
an escort, to take them to Shumla. The
Weather was terribly cold, and the roads as
bad as they could be; but they ultimately
arrived in safety.
iUinncsota (tcrritom.
From the Pennsylvania Telegraph.
ORIGINAL SKETCH
OF THE
HISTORY AM GEOGRAPHY
or
MINNESOTA TERRITORY.
BY DR. THOMAS FOSTER.
Number 2.
THE GEOLOGY OF THE TERRITORY.
The immediate valley of the Upper Missis
sippi to some distance above the Falls of St.
Anthony, has been explored within the last
few years, by the United States Corpsof Geo
legists, under tho direction of Dr. David D.
Owen. The bluffsor hills nt Prairie du Chien;
the old French and Indian town above the
Wisconsin river, on the Mississippi, he pre
sents as a type of the rock sttaliticntion of
the whole valley north of that place; and
the different stiata are found lo range in ihiu
order:
1st. Near the level of the bed of the Mis
sissippi is a soft white quartose sandstone.
2nd Next above this is an uustrnlified
limestone, styled ihe lower magnesian lime
stone, about 200 feet thick.
3d. Next over this is a soft saddstune be
tween 40 and SO feet in thickness.
4th. Lying immediately above the last, is
the buff-colored, blue and gray fossiliferout
limestone, upwards of 100 feet in thickness-
5th. Capping ihe whole at the summit, is
the upper mupiesian limestone, or lead bearing
rock of the Mineral Point and Dubuque dis
tricts of Wisconsin and Iowa.
On ascending Ihe river above Prairie Dti
Cbien, or going North, Ihe rocks constituting
the base of the hills at Iho Prairie are seen
higher up on the sides of the bluff, thouuh
the hills themselves retain nearly the same
elevation; Ihe consequence is that, one after
another, the upper rocks thin out and disap
pear; and before proceeding many miles, the
lower magnesia!! limestone first found at the
bottom of the hills, is seen extending even
to their highest summits, while the quarloze
sandstone next below it, gradually rises, and
at last constitutes a principal portion of their
base.
This general tendency of the stratification
to rise going North, or rather North-east, is
interrupted occasionally by local pitches of
the strata, by which Ihe beds that have been
observed hiuher on the hill-sides, as one as
cends i lie river, dip down again; and the
upper beds of rock which had nearly run out,
again thicken, and constitute as before, the
principal part of Ihe hills.
' But aside from these local irregularities,
or pilches, the lower rocks continue to rise
up a we proceed North, until at Mountain
Island, the sandstone' that lies beneath the
lower magnesian limestone, it observed to
form the great body of that hill to the height
of 428 feet.
About this part of the Mississippi, or a few
miles below, we have, in fact, the com
mencement of what, in the language of the
Geologist, is termed the principal axis of the
Upper Mississippi, or geological back-bone,
from whence the different rock strata decline
each way--to the South towards the Gulf of
Mexico, and to the North, (still with occasion
al local undulations or irregularities at before
mentioned,) toward the Falls of St. Anthony.
That it to tay, that at you proceed in either
direction, North or South from themiy back
bone, the rocky strata nearest ihe surface of
the country, and highest in the bluffs, link
deeper and dee jerj and are fe-plactd by
other rocks lying over them, at the surface' :
and these again, as you proceed, sink down
and Rre found upholding a different kind of
rock strata.
Thus, below the entrance to Lake Tepin,
the lower iandstone spoken of, constitutes
about 340 feet of the bluff hills, nnd tho lower
magnesian limestone 150 feet more, immedi
ately ovpr il. At the great bend of thai Lake
on ihe North-east side, this lower magnesian
lirrieslone may be seen forming a perpendi
cular wall of nearly 200 feet, the total height
above the Lake being 409 feet. This is the
spot celebiated in Dakota legends as the
Maiden's rock, or Cape de Sioux. At the
head til the Lake, on the West side, the same
magnesian limestone forms about 160 feet of
the upper portion of La Grange Mountain, nt
a little below Ued mg, or Hemimrha Vil
lane. lis base for upwardx of 170 feet, is of
Ihe lower sandstone. Thirteen mile below
the St. Croix, this sandstone rnn no lonirer be
seen; anil ihe lower niaaneoian limestone
exiends from the level of the Mississippi, to
the heieht of 240 feet. But immediately be
low the monlh of ihe St. Croix, only low
ledgpsofthe same limestone rock appear,
the bluffs not rising higher than 70 feet; and
at the mouth it sinks still lower down.
Still ascending the stream, the strata takes
local rise, or undulation, so that three or
four miles above the mouth'of the St. Croix,
the lower sandstone ngain emerges from bo-
nealh ihe water, nntl is seen for 12 or fifteen
feet above low water maik- It very soon
sinks, however, for at Red Rock, on the easl
bank, six or eight miles from St. Paul, there
are only low ledges of the lower magnesian
limestone, twelve feet thick ; and not far be
yond thit point, it disappears entirely from
the surface, so I hat before reaching St. Paul,
it is re-placed by the tipper white sandstone
that at Prairie du Chien was noted, (No. 3.)
as lying over it.
This sandstone constitutes the base of ihe
bluffs at St. Paul and St. Peter's, and the
lower 19 feet of the chute at the Falls of St.
Anthony.
Between St. Paul and the Fountain Cave,
two miles above the town, the different rock
strata dip down, going tip stream, at the of
2o to 30 feel per mile. At the last named
point, still going up stream, there is another
rise in the strata, at the rate of about ten feet
to the mile.
Next above this upper sandstone, from Red
Rock lo St. Anthony Fall, there is a forma
tion of limestone, dixposed of in thin reaular
layers. This is called shell or ftssilifcrous
limestone The lower poilion is the purest
limestone of Ihe Mississippi region of Minne
sota, containing near sixty-five per cent, of
carbonate of lime, and thirteen per cent, only
of carbonate of magnesia, nnd will without
doubt afford by burning better lime thaii any
of the calcareous rocks North of Lake Pepin
It contains 22 parts more lime, and 15 parts
less magnesia, than Ihe shell lime stone
which forms about eleven feet of the upper
portion of the same formation of fossiliferons
limestone. The whole thiokness of the shell
limestone, upper and lower beds, is about
thirty feet.
The lower magnesian limestone extends up
Ihe river Cannon and Vermillion, as far as
explored. The lower sandstone formation
and Ihe magnesian limestone compose ihe
bluffs of Hookah or Root, Miniskah, Wazi
Oju, and of the St. Peter's rivers.
M ETA L1C ORES OF MINNESOTA
The rocks of Minnesota, as above tlescribed
considered in reference to their mineral con
tend, strongly indicate tho presence in the
territorry, of rich deposits of the ores of lead
and copper.
Dr. Owens says the lower magnesian lime
stone has many characteristics which indi
cate melalliletons rock. It occurs in thick
and solid walls, massive and durable; it is
traversed by rents ami fissures of determinate
course, of which the walls have1 little dispo
sition to (iive way; it is intersected by sp.irs
crystalizations, and vein stones, such as usu
ally accompany melallic ores. Along certain
parts of ils range, il bears evident niaiks of
local disturbances, the sign of an adjacent
axis of dislocation, and it has many points of
resemblance lo the upper Magnesian lime
stone, which is ihe lead and copper bearing
rock of Iowa and Wisconsin.
The lower magnesian limestone may In
one respect, Dr. Owen thinks, "he considered
more favorably situated than the upper, as a
mineral bearing rock. Il is an established
fact that in Geology, all other things being
equal, that Ihe lowei or older a rock is, Ihe
rnorely likely il Islo be metalliferous, because
nearer the sources from whence experience
indicates that metallic materials find their
way into ils recesses; in oilier words, be"
cause it is in closer proximity to granite and
crystalline rocks; and It has been shown that
the lower magnesian limestone is merely se.
parated from ,Uie crystalline and igneous
rocks, by Ihe lower sandstone only."
In corroboration of these geological infer
ences Dr. Owens cites seteral discoveries of
lead ore in the rock formation in question ;
One near the Mississippi, 10 or 15 milet above
the mouth of Turkey river ; several north of
the Wisconsin river; near the mouth of the
Kickapoo; at all of which considerable lead
ore hat been obtained. On the Upper Iowa
river, along the southern boundary of Minne
sota, west of Ihe Mississippi, galeniferout
"signs" ' were observed ; and on the Wazi
Oju river, within the Territory, a vein of
lead, four inohet in width, bearing nearly east
and west, and ranging apparently for Ihe
distance of half to Ihree-quaitert of a mile
through Ihe lover magnttiau limestone, was
discovered bv one of ihe rrologiial clm
s
In Ihe New Half-Breed Purchase, which is
not far distant from Ihe above location, il i
notorious to citizens of the Territory, thai
lead ore has bean found in various' places
On the Si. Croix and amidst trap rock
forming the Falls of that river, veins of cop'
per ore have been observed, specimens from
which were seen by the Writer. The opin
ion was expressed lo us, by an intelligent
"nember of ihe geological corps, who was ex1
ploring in the direction of Lake Superior last
summer, that the northern shore of that Lake
lying within the Terrilory, will afford, from
the indications, richer beds of copper ore than
nny that have already been opened in either
Michicnn or Wisconsin ! "
Coal beds are reported to exist in the Up.
per St. Peter country. Dr Owensdonbts this
on account of Ihe supposed geolouical system
of that portion of the terrilory. But explora
tion may show n different system of rocks to
exist 100 miles back, west from the Missis
sippi: nnd certain it is. Ihnt the author was
assured he thinks it was by thp Hon. H. II
Sibley that specimens of coal found in the
Upper St. Petets country, had been brought
down, and were seen by my informant
THE SOU. AND ITS FARMING CAPACITY.
The geology of a country is interesting not
merely for the development of ils metallic
wealth, but mainly in consequence of the
influence of the disintegrated rock strata upon
the fertility of the soil, and upon ils capacity
for producing, easily nnd abundantly, the
usual fruits of cultivated lands.
The soil of Minnesota is a sandy calcareous
loam, derived principally from the disinte-
ration or decay of the mapiesian imcsfoiies,
and the sandstone; with erratic drift (torn
ihe granitic and igneous rock regions farther
north, floods, rivers, frost, wind, am! other
atmospheric influences, being the agenls in
the process of its nccummulation.
"The soil derived from the decomposition
of the lower magnesian rock limestone (and
of ihe upper, also.) is usually," says Dr.
Owen, "of excellent quality; rich, as well in
organic matters as jn (hose mineral salts
which give rapidity to the growth of plants,
and that durability which enables it to sus
tain a long succession of crops." These re
marks apply to the soil on both sides of the
Mississippi.
Nicollet speaks of the country back some
distance from tho Mississippi, in the follow
ing terms:" "The whole country embraced
by the Lower St Peters and the Undine Re
gion or valley of ihe Blue Earth or Manka
to rivet) exceeds nny laud of the Mississippi
above the Wisconsin river, as well in the
quantity and quality of ils limber, as the fer
tility of its soil."
Above the Fallsof St. Anthony the coun
try assumes an nspect different from the
lands below; but for about eighty miles at
least, the soil of this upper region is good and
highly productive; though containing a larger
admixture of sand than the lands below and
around the Falls In fact, the soil cf the
Trans. St. Anthony country, even where
least promising to Ihe eye, is deceiving as to
its fertility, the settler having already proved
by experiment, thut the lands looking the
most sandy and barren are capable of yield
ing, when broken up and cultivated, very
large crops without manure.
The chemical character of the soil of Min
nesota, indicates ils adaptability for growing
all the leading articles of cultivation. Ana
lysis has shown it lo contain in 100 parts,
8 2 per cent of organic matter, 11.2 of salts,
77.1 per cent of insoluble silicates, and 0.8
per cent of carbonate of lime. The aveiage
(pecific gravity is about 1.80; while that of
Massachusetis, by way of comparison, is
2 44.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
TOM 1IOI1CKISS AM) THE WIDOW.
Not many squares from Tom, a store, on
street, there lives a widow lady, who
recently, has been one of his "most particu
lar frionds." This lady had met Tom some,
where, and admiring his principles, and ap
provui2 his circumstances, had come to the
resolution of making him the husband of
her daughter, a very pretty and innocent
girl of about fifteen. Aftej- making a reso
lution, Mrs. L was not the woman to
hesitate in its execution. She mancpuvred
to have him attend her daughter at the balls
and soirees of the season to which she had
access, and managed to take him to the
theatre in their party on several occasions;
and at church on Sunday, our friend was to
be tonnd occupying a place in her pew as
regularly as "one of the family." And
more than this, she even opened an account
at his store, and two or three times daily,
in fine weather, Miss E was dis
patched to purchase some indispensable
nothing "that nobody could select but her
self !
Her plans worked admirably for about
three months. Tom's attentions had been
generally remarked, anil the gossips of his
acquaintance had long settled it among
themselves that he was "In for it," and the
good mother daily expected, and was con
stant on the qui five for a proposal. This
was the posture of affairs, whenToin called
one morning about eleven. - He was shown
into the parlor, and soon joined by the
young lady. After a few moments, of
small talk, he requested her to be to good
as to send her mother to him, as he wished
to have a few moments' conversation with
her on business. We acknowledge there
was a flight trembling of the bards visible,
as Airs. L. smoothed her bair to obey
the summons. "She had been successful !
Yes! notwithstanding the sarcasm of the
widow M., and the inuendoet of thf Misei
T., and the opposition of the whole street,
she had triumphed!" ' These and other i
thoughts p lik' rl-a,inf r?JTple'-n) eaV),.
ed her cheeks to arsumft an unusual glow,
and there was considerable elation in her
step as she entered the room and affection
ately greeted her future son-in-law
We have Intimated that Tom is honest
and straight-forward ; and so, without the
lerst circumlocution or embarrassment, he
at once approached the delicate matter.
"As I intend," opened our friend, "leav
ing for the North the latter part of this
week, I thought I had better have a word
with you Mrs. L., and cbme to an under
standing aboiit matters."
"You are perfectly right," replied the
lady ; "it is always best to settle such things
as soon as possible. But have you spoken
to my daughter V
"Really Madam," answered Tom, , "I
have not. "True Miss E. is principally
concerned in the matter but, she is so very
young, that I thought it would rest wholly
vvitn you." i
"rar from il" exclaimed the cunning
mother. The matter is left entirely to her.
and whatever she says I will agrc to !"
"in that case," said lorn, rising; and
putting his hand to his pocket, "I have
only to leave the bill ."
"Bill! Bill ! Sir," screeched the wid
ow.
"Yes ma'am ; just 59,50, for articles
purchased by Miss E. But why are you
surprised V'
"Because, Sir because 1 thought you
-thought it had been paid, Sir !"
making an effort but choakins with rase.
And rising she made a dignified inclination,
after telling him she would send a servant
with the money, in the evening, and swept
out of the room.
"I wonder," soliloquised Tom, on his re
turn from New York, "what can be the
matter wilh the L s. Miss E was as
cold as an icickle when I called on her the
other evening, and to-day the old lady gave
me the rut direct. Somebody must have
been telling lies on me w hile I was gone.
am glad, though, she paid her bill!" and
he resumed his pen and scratched away at
his books.
tlll.VESE TRADITION OF THE DLXIGE-
In an address lately delivered in Dublin
by Dr. Gutzlafl, that distinguished man.
among other things, made the following
statement :
Let them now look to the east of Asia.
and there on its shores, washed by the Pa
nne, mey vouia nnd L-hina, an ancient
nation, which has retained its customs for
over 20C0 years, with a strictness and at
tachment that would do honor to better
things. In fact, the Chinese hud a con
tinual history even Irom the Deluge up to
the present time : they had writers in all
times and in all circumstances, and they
had a language which, in its essential parts,
had undergone very little change for the
past 2000 years. Was it not a Wonder
that this nation could exist so long, and
could not be subdued by the storms that had
swept over the plains of Asial The fear-
itii inroads oj barbarians who wasted and
overthrew the fiomnn Empire in the West
and in the East, all that the wisdom of the
Hindoos had established, did not annihilate
or disperse his nation (for he called the Chi
nese ins own nation.) I ho invaders of Chi
na, instead of" giving their triumph a nation
al character were obliged in time to aiual-
atnate with the Chinese, and thus this na
tion was preserved in its purity. The Chi
nese nistory stated that there was at one
time a great deluge, when the waters rose
to the heavens, and that the empire was
then converted into a swamn. which n
King called Shun got drained by means of
canals whose mouths opened into the seas
and rivers. The date of this event only
differed a few vears from that nnirallu nt.
ned to the Delntre. It was a confirma
tion of the truth of Holy Scriptures, that so
distant a nation as the Chinese, whn did
not know from the Bible of the occurrence
of the great fall, should yet record the same
event as that spoken of in Holy Writ.
There were other coincidences also, such
lor example, as the record ol a great starva
tion, Which took place about the time when
Joseph was prime minister of Egypt.
Mottn Candor than- Covrtsev. A for
mal, fashionable visitor thus addressed a
little girl :
"How are you, my dear?"
"Very well, 1 thank you," she replied.
The visitor then added, "Now, mv dear.
you should ask me how I urn."
The child simply and honestly replied.
I don't want to know."
v
Whomv.e trust om Lives TO.--The
reiwrt of the committre of the National
Convention, recently in session at Cincin
nati, mentions that the medical schools in
our country are too many, the students too
numerous, the professors too few and inca
pable, the quantity of instruction too limi
ted, the quality too superficial and the pre
paratory training insuilicient. Yet are our
lives entrusted to the persons who are pro
nounced capable after this kind of instruc
tion. A Name. The little river which bounds
the village of Astoria, in Oregon, on the
east, bears the Indian name of "Occunneo
cegeecococacuceoadunga," which signifies
laziness. We suspect a lazy man in that
tribe must have had some trouble to tell
what was the matter with him.
Two or three cargoes of wheat are on their
way lo this country from Egypt. We should
reciprocate by sending the latest dates to
Egypt. ' ,
Michael Lyons; a weovtr. ofSo. moor street
Manchester (England.! K. invented a ma-
chine by bi, uoumr, and even coat may
woven complete in ooa piece, requiring
not a touch of ihe nesdle.
ClIItOMAT VPE.
Ciiromatvpc is a new process of photog
raphy. It consists in washing good letter pa
per wilh tho following solution : Bichromate
of potash, ten grains; sulphate of copper,
twenty grains; distilled water, one ounce
Paper prepared wilh this are.of a pale yel
low color, and may be kept for anv le.mth
of lime without injury, and are always ready
for use. For copying boianical specimens or
engravings nothing can be more beautiful.
After the paper has been exposed lo Ihe in
fluence of sunshine, with ihe object to be
copied Superposed, it is washed over in Ihe
dark wilh a solution of nitrate of silver of
moderate strength; as soon as this is done, a
very vivid positive picture makes ils appear
ance, which then only requires washing in
pure water.
The little schooner Enterprise, of only fiva
and a half tons burthen, has arrived safely
at Havana. The history of this Lillipulian
craft is somewhat singular. She was built at
Mineral Point, Wisconsin, and conveyed on
wagons forty miles to Fever River; Ihenca
she was towed lo Galena, Illinoi., where she
was rigged; she then descended the Mii
sippi River to New Orleans under,sail; wa
next hear of her clearing at New Orlenn for
San Juan, Nicaragua. After stopping a few
days at Havana she sailed for her destine
lion, where her owner intends to ascend lakes
Nicaragua and Leon, thence drag her along
the Portage, fifteen miles, launch her In the
Pacific, and proceed lo California.
Intelligence from South America. Our
advices from Monlevideo are of Ihe 13th of
April Ihe same as from Buenos Ay res, Mon
levideo was still besieged by Oribe's forces.
The fever is very bad at Rio Janeiro. The
Portuguese seventy-four, Vaca de Gania, has
lost nearly one hundred of her officers and
crew, four vessels of U'.ir tinVA nrriwos? A,
ring the last three days from France. Two
of them are sleamers. On board are 1500
troops. The steamer Wm. J. Pease, from
New Yoik for San Francisco, was at Monte
video on the I3ih. The sloop of war St.
Louis was fortunate enough to escape wilh.
out having a single case on board. This is
the first instance known of the appearance of
the yellow fever South of the equator, H. B.
M. steamer Cormorant, from Rio Janeiro,
w ith thirteen cases of fever on board. reDort.
ed that the British sloop of war Tweed had
lost forty of her crew and five officers.
-V. Y Herald.
Paine's Light. The success of this great
invention is now placed beyond a peradven
ture, and is attracting tho attention of scien
tific men la all parts of the country. It is
well known that Mr. Paine has for some timfl
past had his own house lighted by hydro-
oxygen gas, and we perceive that workmen
are engaged in putting fixtures into the Cen-
tral Exchange, and in a few days it will be
illuminated with gas from the large machine
wnicn lias been exhibited there for some
months. Success lo Vainel Worcester Spy.
We learn that inquiries have been institu
ted by the city authorities of Boston as lo the
feasibility of introducing Mr. Paine's inven
tion hare. Boston Transcript.
Mrs. Fanny Kemble found it impossible
to mount her horse, in New York, the other
day, owing to Ihe restlessness of the nag. A
man passing, coaxed Ihe horse uptotheside-
waiu once more, and stepping lo the side.
took the off fore leg and held it while the lady
mounted, the animal having evidently no cou-
fidence in resistance on three legs.
Deaths bv Lichtm.no. We learn that
two youths, aged about 14 years, were killed
by lightning on Thursday last, in Providence
Township. The name of one was Leech,
son of Esq. Leech, of lhat town ihe name
of ihe other was Lockwood. Wilkcsbarre
Advocate.
Can Seen Thinss Be? The Tribune mo
rales the following incident:
Holding a Corpse roa Debt. Some weeks
since a young man arrived iu this cily from
Canada, and took board at a house in Pearl
street, where he soon afterward fell sick. He
rallied again, but relapsed, and grew worse
rapidly, at the same time getting out of mon
ey, at which the keeper of the house grew
very uneasy for fear of losing about J5.
Some of Ihe young men boarding iu ihe house
offered to contribute ?J2 o send him to the
hospital, but the man of the house told them
il would cost $25 ; that sum they were not
willing lo trust in the hands of their infor
mant. Soon after this the young man died,
and Ihe boarders raised money lo bury him.
Tho man of the house was sent for the
coffin, at his own request, and got one worth
54 or SS, for' which he charged $12. The
night before the funeral he locked up the
body, refusing to let the friends see it, and
when the buaidcrs and others assembled at
2 o'clock the next day, lo perform Ihe rites
of buiial, the hearse being at the door, he
dully refused lo unlock '.he door, and told,
them that if the $5 which deceased owed
him was not paid, he would send the body tu
Toiler fielJ The young men, shocked at
the atrocious conduct of the vampire, bor
rowed the money, ledeemed the body of tha
unfortunate stranger from his clutches, and
buried it at Williamsburg!). . Tha name of
this imprisoner of lha dead is with us, but
we do not choose to pollute out columns with,
it.' Suffice it to say, almost every boarder in
the house has left or will leave ihe premises-
A model machine has been, invented, at
Pittsburg, for making horse shoes, by v hic.ll
70 pr ceut. of lsbor can be ssed,
.1