JUL
JDcuotcb to palitics Citcraturc, Igricnlturc, Science, illovnlitn, ani Ocueual Inteiligcuce.
VO
L. 31.
STROUDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA., DECEMBER 18, 1873.
NO. 32.
pnblisked I))' Theodore Schoch.
Tc .(? -r l-'l-rs roarin advance and if not
-f the ye.tr, two dollars and fifty
,'ts ..ill He cUtrseA.
, m !!-' tti:iuc I until all -irrearages are paid,
p.it : h 1 ttie Editor,
"i l mu- n:it ofone T4re of (ci-rht linen) or
ue iir lif iucrtit:i $1 ill. - Each additional
v ' iii. Ji'ffTt'. Longer oiips in proportion.
J) IMSIXTING,
OF ALL KINDS,
, ,,! i i tlic hiiheM ty!e of the Art, and oaths
niat ici-itn ibielenn. -
WILLIAM S. REES,
Js-rvoyor, Conveyancer and
Seal Estate Agent.
'-xm Timber Lands and Town Lots
j FOR SALE.
i i-Xi next door above S. Eees' news Depot
t n 1 -! '"''r below the Corner Store.
D R J. L A N T Z,
Ki;r""ii:i :n:I Mechanical Dentist,
v. , ,1. !;; .:n.rc on M in Street, in the second
,,, . ... W .ii rT orick 'HiioJmg, neatly npiiit
: I''ii K Jlnasc. ninl Uc tt.ilterhi:i:!elf
.,. ,;, ivj I ye-ii i-.iiisiint ptHCtire and tits uttil j
4. - i 4 I 1 r 1 1 I '1 . ! 1 if ri'l II ll rill 11. Ill 119 ri I.UHJ Mg
, ... i t f -;!. i, I !il le 1 fully able to ei f iiui
. .r..i,i. i.i t:i.' .i.-ni.il lino Hie most cue fii, ttc
. , ; .i ii mxi!.:cr.
'n r- i i! -'.:iiu .i 5!v?n to suvms the N.iturai Trelli ;
. i ;, !'u- i.imi-i'..iii -f Ai'lindal rrrlh on Rtihiirr,
,i : vi r 'i.ii;.ju.us li;Mis and peileit fits In
. .fMi"i'iJ.
l jr . is k'Viw the fre:ii folly nnl danger en
. i :'irii ! k to tiir. liiCiCjisiieiK':!. or to Ih use
,:li, Aj.nl 13, 1ST I. - ly
v
! 1'IIYSICIAN AND SURGEON.
! '.".; 1-t door above Stroudsburg House,
Ir-i.irui-? lt door above Post Office.
i !i'.':rn from 'J to V A. M., from 3 to o
'r: i 7 to f J. M. Iaf 3 '73-1 v.
ID
PHYSICIAN. SURGEON & ACCOUCHER.
j !.i :!.? .M o'.k-c of Dr. A. Iieeves .Tack.on,
? i J-. j- t , oiiriKT of .Sarah and Franklin Ptrecl.
I STROUDSBURG, PA.
; n?!imx!J ad mecuamcal demist,
Kla-.-I. ! vtte.1 iii East Slro!Hl.buT, Pa., n-
::c : tli.it ho i now pre- are.l to insert a rt l-
. '.! :?;!. in t!ie ml bsatitiftil and life-like
: ; i r. Als , pre.it attention given to iilling
i ..-r--v 1:1.4 li tt'iral teetli. Teeth ei--1
;c! .vi'.!;o:t u-iin bv nse of Nitrons Oxide
is. A!! ut'ir work incident to the profession j
liivt i-.i no !:v-t s-k 1 1 i t": -. I and approved style, j
k'.l '. U ;.:(tr:i 1 to promptly and warranted, j
.r.-'- r-i- Patron.i75 of the pr.biic !
..::. ;:.-,! " - I
j '.'". iri A. W. Lo It-11! new butldinjr, op-l
'.-i.:t An;!:.aiiik IIoa.-e, East iStrondsbnrg,
ii'. July 11, 1873 ly.
JL .Surgeon Dentist.
Amoiia-;!"" l!i it In vin? jasi returned from
D?Tii Cu!!-1;'!, he is fully prepared to make
irulic al tvt:i in t:i? most beautiful and lite
mmmer. and 10 fili decayed teeth ac
cord. nj to t :-? most i-nproved method.
Te.?iti ex(r:ict-d without pain, when de
f re!, hv t ic tif of Nitrus Oxiilc Gas,
"ichi? ent rely htr:n!er.. Repairing!
- ! k:i..!s ntatly done. All work warranted.
Onirje rej-oiiiL!e.
in J. J KoMer' new Brick build-
'V. 'dm S reef, Htrond&bury, Pa.
j uj3i-if
1 Tl3i:s SI. ,VlLTO.,
1 . I w
1 nvi- In t!i,; ljuiidlni formerly occupied
IK' iV M. ii :ron. an 1 opjiostto the Stroiuls
li .' W ik. Main street, .Stroudsburg, I'a.
! ji.il:;-tf
i i :e fub-n iber would inform the public that
h ! K-iM-d tli-i house formally kept by Jacob
i'" .1!. in the I.oroiigh of Stroud.bnrar, l a.,
ins; repaititc-'l ad refurnished the same.
Tcjire.i to cnterl:un ail who may jtarronize
i u. It is the ai:n of the proprietor, to furn-s-ri
k iperior aeeointnodatiuns at moderate rates
'J wi!i t-parc no pains to promote the coin
f'i jf tli ie.-t.s. A liberal share of . public
Miliriied.
Ajril 7,T2-tf. D. L. PISLIi
T.risLi: house:,
HONESDALE, VA.
M't control location of any Hotel in towa.
11. Y. KIPLK & SOX,
J' -' Ma:n ftre;t. - Proprietors.
Janiury 0, 1873. ly.
T AC1UH AX.VA IIOUSK.
J Ol'i oSITE THE DEPOT,
East Stroudsburg, Pa.
Ii. J. VAN COTT, Proprietor.
The bar contain the clioiejt Litiuorfl and
t vjjle U Kiipp!iel with the bet the market
a'Jord. Charges moderate. may 3 1872-tf.
AlTATSOX'S " -
m Mount Yernou House,
117 and 119 North Second St.
ABOVE ARCH, ' ' t '
Philadelphia:
May 20, 172- ly.
I E V E 1) VV A R DTw I (of W i I
ham-burgh, N. Y.) Recipe for CQN
U.MPTJONnd ASTHMA carefully cwn-
uniitd at ' ' -
KOLLINSHEAD'S DRUG STORE. .
07 Me die Lues Freth and Pure.
X?. 21. IPH7 W. HOLL!NSHEAl.
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Letter of W. Milnor Roberts Descrip
tion of the Country Valuable Infor
mation: We have beco furnished by William
M. Lyon, E.Jq . with the following valu
able letter of V Miluor llobarts. on the
fubject of the Northern Pacific Railroad.
It will be found replete with interesting
matter, and presents the views of one
thoroughly acqaioted with this enterprise
as to its present status and future pros
pects. Ed Lnquikeu.
New York.. Oct. 2a, 1873.William
M. Lyon, Pittsburg, Pa. Dear Sir:
Since you requested uiy opinion concern
in the future prospects of the Northern
Pacific Railroad, many inquiries have
beeu made by others on the fame sub
ject. I desire now, through you, to pre
sent some views to those who feel an iu
tcrest in this road ; they are founded up
on an intimate acoiuiotance with the
country through which it is located,- and
uiy expeiience of the capabilities of rail
roads generally. It is true that my tes
timony uiuxt be regarded as coming from
an interested party, owing to ray connec
tinM with the location and construction of
this railroad ; but il the statements are
based on facts, and are correct, and if the
inferences are warranted - and sustained
thereby, that circumstance aloue should
not destroy their force Those who have
taken the trouble to see the region from
Lake Superior to the Pacific, as a whole,
and who have studied the subject care
fully, have, I believe, arrived at two im
portant comlusions : First, that ihi.i
road is uceded by the country, and that
t!;e time for its uonstruc'iou has come
Second, that its ultimate success as a
pecuniary investment, at;d its future para
mount national advantages, o far as hu
man judgment cau determine, are abund
antlv assured.
Attempts have been made to charac ;
tciizc this great railroad project as an
ephemeral scheme, unsupported by sound
judgment resting on substantial reasons ;
but this has not in any instance, s far a"
know, proceeded front intelligent uieu
who have thoroughly investigated it.
Unquestionably it is a herculean un
dcrtakinn;, involving an expenditure of a
hundred millions of dollars; and those
public spirited gentlemen who have de
voted their time and mean- to the great
labor of managing it affairs, instead of
being vilified as visionaries, should be
honored as pubiic benefactors. j
There are important and intrinsically
valuablo features specially appertaining
to the Northern Pacific Railroad, which
cannot be essentially aflecied by the pre
ieut monetary difficulties of the country
Among these are :
First. Its corutu-judinc; jeopraphical
position, being on the shortest practicable
line between the great lakes of the At
lantic side and the Pacific Ocean.
Second. Its rerairkably favorable and
superior topographical features, being
chiefly a valley routa, of easy grades.
Thir l Its various meteorological char
actcristics and healthy climates.
Fourth Its relations and connections
with the great railroad systems of Canada
and the United States.
Fifth It advantageous junctions at
nine d-iferetit points with the grand wa
ter sjsfem of the lakes, the Mississippi.
Red, Missouri, Yellowstone, and Culumbia
rivers, and the Pacific Oean. r.ach of
ihcse junctions has great value ; they are
all intact, and cannot be takeu away.
THERE HAS KEEN NO IDLING.
Much, too, ban ben accomplished in
the three years that ibis road , has been
under construction. Fivo hundred and
fifty five miles have beeu completed aud
opened for public convenience and Got
erun eut uses, -upon which trains are now
regularly running, affording excellent
facilities to the rapidly inflowing popula
tions.
Ten millions of acres of lands in the
State of Minnesota and in Dakotah and
Washington Territories become, in coo
sequence, the property of the company
A new, extensive, aud valuable region
has thus been made ready for advanta
geous settlement, embracing within the
Faod limits, in all twenty millions of acres,
half of which, or ten - Millions of acres,
belong to the Government, and are open
to preemption and hoatestead occupation
all being now furnished with first class
railroad facilities, which they would not
otherwise have had. This large body ol
land lias thus been rescued by this cow
paoy from comparative uselessness, and
brou-ht within the area of our advancing
civilization. V
If this road should never be extdnded
beyond the Missouri river, to which point
it is now running,1' only a few years will
elapse ere it must command a lucrative
trade, because it passes through and taps
the finest wheat - producing regions, on
the globe, now rapidly being pettltd and
soon to be filled with an industrious and
thrifty population.
Th pnme causes which- built up and
now sustain the main trunk lines centring
at Chicago and St. Louis will build Uf
and sustain the Northern Pacific Kail
road, which will have Eastern water out
let at Duluth. Superior, and the Straits
of Mackinaw, and at Chicago and Mil
wuk-e. on Lake Michigan. It is but a
ouestioo of a little time.
t this road acrofs Min
nesota and Dakotah to the immense val
levs of the Red and Missouri rivers, strik
iug a point on the Missouri five huudrtd
I'jiJes uo:tb of H us-irest eoutbero rail
road neighbor, cannot but be productive
of vast benefit, nationally, by adding ma
terially to our population and general
commerce. Such a considerable exten
sion of the railroad system of the Uuited
States, ranging only a short distance south
of our northern boundary, was needed for
tho development of millions of acres of
fertile territory, which, but this public
improvement, would have remained dor
mant for years, without settlers, and ex
posed to Indian encroachment ; whereas
now it wilt annually, and in a rapidly in
creasing ratio, add largely to the gr.nc'sal
business, greatly augment our taxable
area, and increase our national prosperity
A comprehensive view of the Uuited
States in connection with a retrospective
glance at what has beeu accomplished
within the last forty years, since the pra
sent system was fairly inaugurated, should
satisfy every intelligent thiuker that the
immediate construction of the Northern
Pacific Railroad is not premature, in any
practical sense ; unless all the great trunk
lines of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri,
and Iowa were premature. Most of them
were projected and prosecuted more or
lews in advance of population, through re
gions to which those roads gave new
value, and frera which they now derive
large incomes Aod now alter the lapse
of but a few years, not one of thea could
be rernoved without serious detriment to
numerous important and valuable general
interests which have sprung up in con
sequence of the facilities prerted by their
construction. Monetary revulsions, and
the succeeding equalization of values
throughout our country, may retard, tern
porarily, the extension of this railroad,
and delay its final completion ; but since
ou many accounts there is real need of
such an improvement across the Con
tinent, and in which so many of our peo
pie are interested, nothing can be more
certain than its ultimate construction.
The financial gentlemen from Europe
who visited and reported upon this road
to their constituents in Berlin and Vien
na, did not object to rceommeuding their
banker friends to invest iu the bonds of
thiii company, on account of any doubt
respecting the merits of the route, or of
its futuro prospects of population aud
business ; it was solely on account of the
want of adequate provision, according to
their judgiueut, for the protection of the
interest for the first few years. In their
carefully prepared reports they indicate
how, in their opinion, that purely finan
cial matter could be arranged ; which, as
they think, would remove the only ob
jection that they had raised.
In regard to the climate ; tho topo
graphy, the agricultural capabilities, the
soils, the mineral wealth, the grand for
eats, and, indeed, all the leading charac
teristics which go to make up a great
country, their views are quite as san
guine, and even more hopeful than any
presentation of these matters that has
ever emanated from me.
It is obvious that the amount of inter
est that may have to be provided for un
til the net income from road business and
tales of lands shall protect it, depends
very much upon the manner in which
the company may be able to prosecute
the line to complectioo ; whether it shall
linger through many years, or, by ample
provision of funds, be pushed through in
three years.
With the eighty five millions of esti
mated cost in hand, the road could have
been built iu three years. It is the same
still, in regard to time ; but nixty millions
in round numbers, would now finish and
stock the road, within three years, if the
money were assured, so that contracts
could be made with that view.
Although ouly a little more than one
fourth of the line is finished, that which
is yet untouched could have been finished
in the same time, had the necessary funds
been in baud.
I will explain, as briefly as I can, how
it is that the fourteen hundred and forty
five miles to be built could have been
done during tLe three years, and why
they can at any period be constructed iu
that time :
Decause the eastern end of these 1445
miles rests ou the Missouri river, a hre
stream, navigeted by first class steamers
At this point the iron rails, cross ties,
provisions, workmen, and everything
needful, can be conveniently delivered
by water. Secondly, at a point two hun
dred and five miles west of the Missouri,
he line strike th Yellowstone river,
which is also navigable for first class
steamers to and above this point. Here
is another place at which all the mate
rials, etc , can be conveniently delivered
Thence the line cootiuues lor about three
huudred aad fifty miles along tho valley
of the -Yellowstone, which presents pccn
liar facilities, and where the work of grad
iog can be advantageously begun at any
number of pomts in the valley, simiil
taneouslv. Thirdly.' on the Pacific fide
the natural advantages are of much -the
same character. Ihe Columbia river is
daily navigated by first class steamers,
and there are two hundred and fifty miles
of line along its valley, upon which work
mav.be commenced at any number ol
noints. Then from the mouth of Lewis
Fork of the Columbia there are two hun
dred und eight miles, across the Columbia
plains (analogous to the distance from the
Missouri to Yellowstoue), cutting off the
ereat bend of the Columbia rivers to Lake
Pend d'Oreille. which lake i. also, navi
gable for steamers ol Urg mo. fcrom
Lake Pend d'Oreille the line runs for
nearly three hundred miles along Clark's
Fork of the Columbia river, two thirds
of the way. navigable for large steamers,
where work can be commenced at numer
ous places to excellent advantage ; and to
which points materials, such as iron, pro
visions, tools.' etc.. can be readily convey
ed from the Pacific side. . .
This leaves only about one hundred
and thirty-fire miles, between the npper
waters of the Columbia and those of the
Yellowstone through the mountain re
gions ; a considerable part of which is
easy, of construction, and where timber
and stone are in sufficient quantities, and
of good quality.
Large areas of this part of the Rocky
Mountains consist of excellent pasture
land even to the very summit of the
passes.
; Hon. F. R Drunot, of your city, chair
man of the Board of Iudiun Commission
ers, has traversed much of this mountain
region, the Columbia Valley, as well as
the Yellowstone and Missouri River Val
leys ; and as ho was at one time a practi
cal civil engineer, he is qualified by his
habits of observation to judge of the rea
sonableness of the statements which have
been made by me respecting the railroad
capabilities of these regions. I would
suggest the submission of this letter to
him, aud it he shall discover iu it any
thing erroneous or overwrought, I de
sire to have it frankly pointed out. It is
too late in the period of my professional.
life to enter now upon a perversion of
facts, or to attempt to mislead, either wit
fu.ly or otherwise.
I have often been asked, "W hat kind of
climate and country does the Northern
Pacific Railroad run through My an
swer is that it passe through rcgious po
sessing materially differeut characteristics
of climate, topography, soil and mineral de
posit. It-could scarcely be otherwise along
a route of such great extent, crossing a con
tinent, starting at Lake Superior (longitude
02) only six hundred feet above the le
vcl of the sea. gradually rising to the
summits of the Rocky Mountain passes,
nearly six thousand feet above the 6ca.
and again descending gradually by the
Vally of the Columbia to the leval of
the. Pacific Ocean, at Puget Sound, (long
itude 122). It may be said to begin
about latitude 46i, near the head water
of the St. Lawrence, the Mississippi and
the Red River of the North which inter
lock on the same general summit west of
Lake Luperior. in the State of '.Minnesota
The eastern part of this State is timber
ed, while its western portion is prairie,
vith timber along tLe streams. It has
sufficient rain, aud the soil is generally
very prolific, and remarkably well adap
ted to the raising of wheat. Its climate
is cold aod clear, as a rule, throughut the
winters, with sufficient enow; but not as
much as . in New England in the same
latitude ; and usually not enough to iuter-
fer materially with the working of rail
roads.
Dacotah, the adjoining Territory on the
west, in this latitude, is entirely a prairie
region; treeless, excepting along the
immediate valleys of the streams. Its
surface is gently undulating, aod covered
with prairie grass, aod its sou, on a large
portion of the route, is very good. The
quantity of rain fall is less than in
Minnesota, but it is sufficient lor perfect-
n, -. I 11,
ing crop. 1 no winters arc ciear ana coiu,
and the fall of snow is even less than in
Minnesota gradually decreasing towards
the Valley of tho Missouri. Coal has been
discovered in Dakotah, east of the Missouri:
but no veins have yet been regularly
worked.
The same general characteristics are
found in Western Dakotah, on that por
tioo westol the Missouri river ; excepting
that there is more timber, while coal has
been discovered in numerous places all
along the line, beginning on Sweetbriar
creek, twenty five miles west of the river,
and exteudiug all tho way to the western
boundary of Dakotah, and into Eastern
Montana, to the Yellowstone river. Coal
is abundant, and found at frequent
intervals from the Missouri river to the
Yellowstone, a distance of two hundred
aud five miles It is also found in many
places along the valley of the Yellowstone.
Moutana is au extensive Territory.
extending from longitude 104 to
loogitud HO3, aud from latitude 44
to latitude 40, at the boundary ol the
British Dominion. Its eastern portion
consists of valleys, partly wooded, bounded
by hills clothed with grass, with occasional
forest, not dense, but affording abund nice
of lumber for all ordinary uses. The
quantity of rain aod euow is less than in
Minuesota, but the country abounds in
clear, perennial streams, especially along
the south side of the" Yellowstoue. ' The
Yellowstone above where tho line strikes
it is a clear stream, flowing over a pebbly
bottom, from six hundred to a thousaud
feet or wore in width, aod too deep to be
fordable till late in the summer i'h
climate is not so cold iu the Valley of the
Yellowstoue us it is iu Minnesota Central
Moutana is covered, with the main range
of , the Rocky Mountains aud its spurs
with numerous intervening cultivable
valleys. Here the Missouri on one side
and (ho Columbia on the other side of iho
rreat continental rane take their rise.
iheir headwaters actually interlocking
Tha cnnin.irc nf tlm mountaiu Teaks ate
V S UUIV r m w - ------
f'rooi ton thousand to thirteen thousand
fas of m mnr above the sea. while there
are several passes whieh are only about
six thousand feet, and the maiu valley ol
the Missouri, the Gallatiu, the Madison.
aud the JefJersou rivers, on the eastern
fcide.I aod of the bead branches of the
Columbia on the western side of the ridun.
are only about four thousaud feet above
the sea level.
The mountain portion of Montana is
eminently a mineral region, abounding in
gold, silver,. copper, and coal Iron is
found, but there has not yet beeu suffi
cient inducement to work it, owing to the
great distance (190 miles) froni the
nearest railroad the Central Pacific at
Corinoe. The valleys consist of rich,
arable soil, which yields enormous crops
of wheat, rye, barley, and oats, a. well us
potatoes, turnips, cabbage, etc Irrigation
is cheaply secured, and thus the dryness
of the climate is ameliorated to a con
siderable extent. The great need of
Montaua it a railroad, to reduce the cost
of mining and to introduce more popula
tion, machinery, etc., at reasonable cot.
and thui to place it in isnmedixte con
uection with the railroad systems of the
Atlantic and Pacific slopes When this
shall be effected, it will be found that the
resulting business will afford a very heavy
trade on the railroad. The cattle transport
ation alone from the magnificent gras
valleys of Montana will yield a handsome
income ; while there will be a large
atnouot of orefreighting, originated and
sustained by the facilities offered by the
railroad. At present, owing to the great
cost of transportation, neither castle nor
ore can be shipped ;and the people strive
to get on with tho miuimum amount of
importation. Give them a railroad and
all this will be changed at once.
Westward of the Rocky Mouutnin range,
in Western Montana and Idaho, it is still
a innutain region interspersed with arable
valleys; while the timber gradually, us
the main stream (Clark's Fork of the
Columbia) is descended, becomes heavier
and more valuable. This is also a mining
as well as a timber region ; although the
valleys are capable of raising agricultural
products for the support of the local
population.
Western Idaho and the eastern p?irt of
Wahintoo Territory consist chiefly of
rolling prairie, much of it treeless. The
valleys are remarkably productive I have
recently been informed that there are
nearly a million of biiahols of wheat to f-e
shipped this fall down the Columbia river
to the Pacific coast, from one portion of
Washingtou Territory the finest wheat
in the wrold.
From tho mouth of Lewis Fork or
Snake river, for two hundred miles down
the river,the immediate valley of the
main Columbia abounds with some uf the
graodet aud most beautiful scenery on
the globe ; but it affords ouly trifling
agricultural facilities. It is a most con
venieut highway between the treeless
plains of the Columbia plains aud the
densely wooded regions of the lower
Columbia river, and as the railroad com
pany owna tha finished railroads and the
steamers now daily running on the river.
they possess the best of facilities for the
eonveyaucc of iron.-materials and work
men, etc., from the Pacifio coast to any
portion of their works in Oregon,
Washington, Idaho, and Western Mmi
tana, thus enabling them to deliver these
nt. ininitntim cost. In W ashingtiou
Territory, and in the State of Oregon,
west of the Cascade range of mountains,
tho climate is radically different from that
of Minnesota. - There is here a surWa
bundaoce of moisture Irotu October till
April. About half the year subject to
frequent, but usually gentle rains, and the
other half of the year being comparatively
dry. Crops, as a rule, never fail, either
from too much wet, or from drought ; the
valleys are very fertile, and the snow fall
is quite moderate. Generally by the
middle of January the winter is over
Occasionally, in the latter part of Novem
ber and in December, the winters arc cold
enough to freeze over the Columbia river ;
but during some winters the daily trips ol
the ftteamers are very little interrupted
by ice.
The country in Washington Territory
between the Columbia river and Puset
Sound, a distance of about ninety miles,
is for tho most part covered with deuse
f'orets of valuable timber. The excep
tions are. limited areas of uatural prairie
The soil is rich, but the clearing is very
cosily, unless considered in conucciou
with the value of tho timber, whore that
is utilized.
Arouod Puget Sound it is generally
hilly, and mostly covered with valuable
forests of yellow pine, fir, cedar, etc ,
which constitute the basis of the towns
which have been built at differeut points
Olympia, t-'teilacoorn. Tacoma. Seattle.
Whatcom, Port Towushend, Port Gamble.
Port Madison, etc- , although on Whitby
Islands ; und at the outlets of the principal
stream's flowing from the Cascade Moun
tains, there are a number ol good farms,
natural prairies, aud meadows.
Puget Sound, although in latitude 47
to 4N. is never obstruct-d by ice. There
is-always a free, open passage for tht
largest flet of -the wotld between it bar
bor and the Pacific Oeau Its waters are
deep, and all ol them, south of the straits
of Do Fuca. are void iA rocks. All.
navigators who have visited them have
concurred in the opinion that the watei
of Puget Sound afford the safest and most
maguificent navigation for oceau vessels
to be. found aoywero Upon th'u great
ocean haibor of the PaeiSc. as it may be
termed, the Northern Pacific Railroad
Company have located the western ter
minus of their road, at TaMima. on Coin
inencrmtnt Bty, a Pplendid sheet of watur.
in lull view of Mount Tacoma. the Indian
uaaie of the sraud old mouutaio until ro
ceuily eatli-ii Mount R.nn)ei. whose mi-.w-did
summit sfaods ah..ut Juurteeu thou
saud feet above the sea.
Tacoma is one hundred and five miles
by rail from Kalauia on the Columbia
river. It is about sven hundred miles
by sea north of San FrancUoo. and upon
the completion of the Northern Pacifid
Railroad, bringing Pugt Sound iu direct
communication, hy the. shortest route, with
Chicago, Milwaukee. St Paul, Duluth,
and all points eastward along lh Atlantic
coast, it must command a hand-miie share
of the new commerce ti"W ji?-r springing
into existence between Chiua, Japau, etc ,
aod the United States
Puget Souud is soon to become the
great ship building plaee f ir the world's
commerce. The advantage are wonder
ful. There is here a choice of the finest
ship timber, growing down to the water's
edge, and there arc already in operation
on the sound mills sawing over two hun
dred millions of feet annually. The
winters are so mild that out door work
continues all the ye-tr. It is vry healthy.
There can be no rival ci'y along tho
Paeifia coast on these seven hundred
miles, for the reason that there is no
sufficient harbor Ironi Puget Sound to
San Franeispo, which dty is too tar off to
be a rival for anything but the fureign
commerce already referred to. Such
rivalry is unavoidable, jnt as the com
mercial rivalry between New York and
Orleius is unavoidable; yet Now Yoik
would not be benefitted by the destruc
tion of New Orleans Oo the contrary,
there are lure commercial iutcrettj be
tween them
It would be a very short sighted view
that could take in but one great city on
the Pacific Coast, on the whole of is
United States front.
Nothing can tend to the development of
the northwestern portion of the United
States so much as direct railroad com
munication across Ihe continent At
present it is comparatively tedious aud
too expensive to pa-3 from Chicago to
Puget Sound six das to San Francisco,
thence four days to P.iget Sound -ren-dajs.
the least possible lime With the
Northern Pacific Railroad completi'd, five
days ouly need be occupied between
Chicago and Tacoma. ou Puget Sound,
with but little over half the cost. Then
emigration will receive an impetus, and
the prognostications of Governor Stevccs
and other lar seeing minds of twenty year
ago will be realized.
Is it not, then, au object of vital import
ance to the Government of the United
States that this continental line should be
completed at the earliest practicable
period ? Thick, for a monint. of the
power that it will give over all the Indian
nations aud tribes north of the Union and
Central Pacific Railroads, and the
facilities it will afford lr the transporta
tion of troops, and army stores, and the
immense saving to our people of annual
cost. Many of our older army offeers
have at some period of their service been
engaged on duty iu Washington Territory
and Oregon ; I would appeal to their
experience to say whether the opening of
this line will not at one? place a most
powerful military arm sit the service of
the Government. whose moral and
pecuniary value can scarcely be overesti
mated I
Among all the uncompleted works of
acknowledged national iniior'uin-e whieh
have been begun ip the United- Slates. I
doubt whether there is one- which in
intrinsic national value can compare
favorably with the Northean Pacific lliil
road Such a work of real meril should
not be suflerc l to languish New fiincial
arrangements must, of course be inaugurat
ed as soon as the present monetary
revulsion shall have returned ufiairs to
their normal and stable eon-lniuu a brief
period only, it is to bs hoped. Yery
truly yours.
W. Milnor Robekts. Chief Eugioccr.
How to Make Mustard Plaster.
How many people arc there whi ro.illy
known ho;v to make u mutrd plaster?
Not one in a hundred, at the most, per
hops, and yet mustard plasters are used
iu every family, and physicians preenh
iheir application, never telling anybody
how to iu.kt them, lor the simple reason
that doctors do not know, as a rule. The
ordinary way is to mix the mustard with
water, tempering it with n li'.ile il mr, but
such a planter as that in ikes is simply
abominable. Before it bus hall done its
woik it begins to blister the patient, and
leave hiiu finally with u pamlul tijed
spot, alter having produced far less rtlect
in a beneficial way than was intended.
Now a mustard plaster .should nwver cause
a blister at all II a t lister is wanted
there are oiht-r plasteis far bc-ucr than
mustard tor the purpose When you
make a uiutard plaster, ihwn, u-e no wa
ter whatever, but mix the mustard with
tho white ot an egg, und ihe result will
be a planter whieh will "draw" perfectly,
but will nut produce a blister even upou
the skiu td au infant, uo matter how long
it is alluwed to reamiu upon the part.
For tills we have the word of au o'i and
emiucut physician.
Private advice from Iowa report that
the people of part of the north western
section ol thai State, especially the o.un
ties of Lyon and Oceol, have been suf
fering severely ior want of I ol. fuel and
clothing, owing to the failure d' ihe grain
crop Uj stifiinier. Svrl
a a id to have d.cd of waul. "
women aid