sm in im
"'-"rav-J.-.-''-Ui-'. 1111 "" i I J LMJ-fli..j
Bcmcb to politics, fiitcroturc, gricnlturc, Science, ittovalihj, an aural intelligence.
VOL. 30.
SROUJDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA., JUNE 6, 1872.
NO. 6.
Published by Theodore Schoch.
TERtf S -Two dollars a yearin advance and if not
piilBcfurcine enu 01 me year, iwo Hollars and fifty
i.Hti will be charced.
No p:io.erliconi.inued until all arrearages are paid
Mfi-pt aMUe option ot the Editor.
l7Adertiserriei)tsof one square of (eight line) or
ls, one or mree mucinous 91 ay. t.HV.n additional
fefiUKiii 5" cenu. juonjer ones in proportion.
JOB PRINTING,
OF ALL KINDS,
iiifcuieil in the highest style of the Art, and on the
moM reasonaoie terms.
Valuable Property
FOR S.I,E.
The subscribers offer for sale.
their residence in Stroudsbnrg.
The Lot has a front of 14" it
250 feet.
The buildings consist of a convenient dwell
ing house, store hoa.se, barn and other out
luiWins.
There is an abundance of choice apples,
jx-rn-s, plums, grapes and small fruits, with
txcellent vratcr.
May 16, 2.1 A. M. & R. STOKES.
I ACK ATTAXX i IIOL'SC.
J OPPOSITE THE PKPOT,
Kast Stroud.sburg, Pa.
R J. VAX COTT, rroprietor.
The bk contains the choiest Liquors and
the table is supplied with the bet the market
afford. Charges moderate, mxv 3 JS72-tf.
DR. J.LANTZ,
Surgeon and Mechanical Dentist,
Still k his office u Main Street, in the second
ory of Ir. S. Walton's buck building, neatly oppo
ne the Stroadsbufg House, ar be A.Uts' himself
ttut fcy ei;hteen years constant rwactice and the mot
ti'net and careful attention to all matters pertaining
t. his profession, that he is fully able to perform all
derations in the dental line in the most careful, taste
ful and fkillC'il map iter.
Spt-rial attention given to saving the Natural Teeth ;
tin. t tlie iiif-rrtiiMi of Artificial Teeth on Rubber,
C.ld. Silver or Continuous Gums, and perfect its in
all rases injured.
Mwl prrsoas know the great fully and danger of en
trusting their aork to the inexperienced, or to those
lim; at a tlistance. April 13, 1STI. ly
DR. C. O. IIOFF3IAX, 31. I.
Would respectfully announce to the
public that he has removed his office from
Oakland to Canadensis, Monroe County, Pa.
1 rusting that many years of consecutive
practice of Medicine and Surgery will be a
mfficient guarantee for the public confidence.
r ebruary 1 8 . ti.
ei. "W. Jackson. Amzi LeEar.
firs. JACKSON & LcBAR
PJIYSICIWS, SrRCEOXS I AlCOlTHERS,
Stroudsbttrg and Knt Strondilnrg, Pa.
DR. GEO. W. JACKSON,
Stroudsburg",
? the old office of Dr. A. Reeves Jackson
Ki-f.ider.ce in WyckoflT JJuilding.
DR. A. LeBAR,
East Stroudsburg-,
Sec next dor to Smith's .Store. Residence
at Mi, K. Heller's,
feh. 8 '72-tf
DR. N. L. PECK,
Surgeon Dentist,
Announces tint having just returned from
Dental College, he ii fully prepared to make
art ificial teeth in tle most beautiful and life
like manner, and to fill decayed teeth ac
cord. ngr to the mot i-n proved method.
Teeth exrract-d without pain, when de
ired, by the use of Nitrous Oxide Gas,
hich is eutirely harmless. Repairing of
!1 kinds neatly done. AH work warranted.
Charges reasonable.
Office in J. G. Keller' new Brick build
nf, Main S'reet, Stroudgburg, Pa.
TAMCS II. W.4LTOX,
V Attorney at Law,
Office m the buildin
formerly occupied
pj b. M. liurson, and opposite the Strouds-
osite the trout
troudsburg, Pa.
fcurj Ilaiik, Main street, S
Jan U-tf
KELLERSVILLE HOTEL.
fhe undersigned having purchased the
above well known and jMjpuTar Hotel Proper
ty, would respectfully inform the traveling
Pblie that he has refurnished and fitted up
the Hotel in the best style. A handsome
Kar, with choice Liquors and Segars, polite
ttendauts and moderate charge?.
CIIAKLES MAXAL,
0cU9 1871. tf. lVoprietor.
found out why peoide go to McCariy's to
gft their furniture, because he buys it at the
are i Kouuis of jce & -Co. and ells it at
o advance of only (imifj-tro and tico
tiith iH-r cmt. Or in other words, Hocking
J hairs that he buys of Lee & Co. (through
Jhe runners he don't have) i'vr $4,50 be sells
.r ?!!'r0. l'oys him to buy ome qfnl Fur-
LEE & CO.
Towlsbu:
Aug. 18, 1870. tf.
r PLASTEE !
fresh ground Nova Scotia PLASTER,
t Stoked Mills. IKM LOCK BOARDS,
fEXCLVG, .SHINGLES, LATH, PA
UNCf, and POSTS, cheap.
FLOUR and FEED constantly on hand.
v l exchange Lumber and Plaster for
rain or pay the highest market price.
BLACKSMITH SHOP just opened by
Stone, an experienced workman.
Public trade solicited.
, N. S. WYCKOFF.
Pokes' Mills, pa April 20, 1871. t
REV. EDWARD A. WILSON'S (of Wil
liamslurgli, N. Y.) Recipe for CON-
fcOMPTrONand ASTHMA carefully com
pounded at
HOLLINSHEAD'S STORE.
Medicines Fresh and Pure.
Sov.21. 1867. W. HOLLINSIIEAD.
Menageries and what they Cost,
The best place to study botany is in
me ueiua wnere it becomes a delightful
combination of recreation and labor. It
not convenient, nor would it h nltn.
gether satisfactory and pleasant to go to
me ueserts, jungles, mountains and
7li,uta lu stuuy zoology. The next
oest thing is to visit a menagerie and
interview the unfortunate animals in
prison. They are not quite themselves
-uy more man a man is himself in irons.
Tamed wild beasts are really stale and
insipid compared with their freshness
amid the scenes of their nativity. Tamed
wild beasts ! They are imopssible. They
are not tamed. They can only be cowed.
Their spirits can be crushed, not hrnken
n iiu Deasts cannot be
than a barbarian can
1171 11.
lamea any more
be civilized. Re
move the pressure of the stronger power
and governing mind and they relapre
into the freedom and license of mother
nature who gate them their unquench
able instincts.
Commerce subjugates the whole field
of nature and weakens the pristine vigor
of everything it embraces in its system
of conquest. When a wild plant is
found to be good for something as a
commodity, and is cultivated for that
purpose, its constitution undergoes a
change. It looses some of its orirrin.il
flavor, and hosts of enemies arise against
it as if to exterminate the species. Wild
Deasts are nardly in their natural fast
ncsses, and they battle successfully
against the elements, but when they are
ana put in the menarrerie dens
for commercial purposes, they become
very precarious property. Although
their appetites are carefully consulted,
and their native climates as far as pos
sible are reproduced for their comfort,
yet their whole life is a panting for free
lorn while thev languish in lumrv
They have lost vitality, aud their health
is necessarily impaired. This is the
character of the wild beast we are per
mitted to look at in menageries. They
are the best that can be offered to our
inspection, and they doubtless suit the
tastes of spectators better than the real
animal to be met near its chosen habita
tion.
As an article, of commerce, it may be
ot interest to examine the "tamed wild
Deast in a light in which we do Dot
view him when acting his part in the
showman's arena. His market value is
a consideration of which owing to his
secluded life very little is known out
side of the comparatively small circle of
showen themselves. He will lose none
of his interest in connection with the
figures in which he stands related to his
owoer, and some other particulars of his
history iu the show business.
A great many showmen have been
made bankrupt by the large prices they
pay for stock, aud the inclination of the
animals to an early death. Whilst on
the other hand a few rare and hardy
brutes have made half a dozen fortunes
for as many proprietors. There are
only three or four cood collections of
animals in the United States, and no one
of these contains some of the rare beasts.
There is only one lonely giraffe living in
the United Slates, and the onlv bin-
popotamu? ever brought to America alive
departed this life ten years ago. His
stuffed skin is now a museum attraction.
lie made three showuicu rich while he
lived, and iu his death he was not all
destroyed.
There 19 a standing offer of a large sum
of money for a good able-bodied hippopo
tamus to be landed on our shore, payable
on delivery in penecc neaity. cunn a
one would probably be worth from $15,
000 to 520,000. Small elephants about
the size of three bullocks, are worth from
S5,000 to 8,000 according to education.
Their general knowledge of things and
ability to do tricks enhance their value.
A large elephant who has killed several
keepers and is looking around for another
victim is worth 812,000. They are alwaj3
represented as exceedingly docile ; their
tusks being put on for ornament, and
their trunks harmless as bell ropes.
A shrewd Yankee had money enouih
to buy the finest pair of lions in all Eu
rope for American consumption. He
paid S7500 in gold for them. Simgle
lions bring from 1200 to 2500, accor
ding to age, size and trainging. Traioera
have been trying to convince themslves
and others that lions born in cages and
brought up in civilized society are harm
less and tractable as kittens, and will
sufier all kinds of liberties patiently.
Lions, however, have a way of shutting
down on such noodle heads as are insert
ed between their jaws. The king of
beasts has proved himself the most false
and treacherous being in his whole king
dom. A rhinoceros costs from 58000 to 10,
000, and is always a great feature in an
animal show. There is one in London
known as the "double horned Sumatran,"
covered with hair which is a variation
upon the usual rhinoceros hide. This
one cost 1000 sterling in Calcutta, to
say nothing of the cost of transportation,
food, and attendance on the voyage.
Real Kengal tigers are worth 7000 a
pair. The Bengal tiger in a beautiful
beast. He is often beard of but seldom
seen. Every show pretends to have one
or two, and generally exhibit for them
eome infeior species of cat. A pather
often personates the Bengal fraud.
A pair of panthers if they can agree
to live peaceably together in the same
cage, arc considered worth $0000.
"rluJ tuuiiuauu to SoUUU a
pair, lhey are among the most beauti
lul of all wild beasts.
Camels beins useful animinl nnrl not
beautiful are worth onlv SROf) a n;ol.
This may be a bad lesson, but it is trne.
oeauty commands more monev and re-
pect than utility. The noor eamel eon-
not help its bamo back marl n for 9
good purpose, but its value denreeiatea
l - w v. r
because it is a beast of burden, and can
carry a ioaa a hundred miles a day over
the burninsr sands. A nair rf hit.
camels once broucht SG000
Monkeys are valuable, and will con
tinue to command a good price in this
country, provided the Darwinian theory
is not accepted as GosDel truth. To that
case, the moDkey would become totally PratlTe "tes of accident by rail in this
worthless as property, under the opera- contry in Europe. Of course ter
tion of the Fiftee nth amendmenfc m I terible calamities have occurred both in
sides, they could never be anylhioe but!
poor ioiKs, who are very uninterest
ing people. If they are allowed to ex-
ercise their preroeative as ane of the
human species, they will continue to be
respected, but if they rise to the dignity
oi man, aown tney go to man s commer
cial level. Under the preseut arrance
ment of species, African monke's are the
most valuable. Those from South America
take cold when they move north, and
soon die of consumption. Sailors often
scrape an acquaintance with monkeys,
and take them with them in the forecastle
Ostriches are worth 300 to 5800 a
pair. They would rather die than be
caught on their native heath. To cap
ture them involves injuries that are sure
to result in death to the bird. Thev are
ootained by making geese hatch ostrich
ccna aui me goose never Knows any
better until the new comer refunses to go
swimming, and commence to eat forbid
den goose fruit sticks and stones, and
the like.
It requires great care to raise ostriches
in this climate. Thev have to be brought
up by hand. Their appetite is not at
all delicate, but when they can get it
they prefer fresh meat to iron, nails, shot,
and such indigestible articles. This
foolish bird does not eat minerals and
metals because it relishes them, but be
cause it can. Its chief desire is to be eat-
ing, and it ts too stupid to recognize any
differr, in trfmla
difference in victuals.
A gorilla has never yet visited Europe
4 TV nt -at m m
or American. Da Uhaillu irot hold of an
amiable one once, and thought he could
send him safely to Europe. The gorilla
is a great glutton. He has a most vora
cious and everlasting appetite, and, un
like the" ostrich, is very dainty about bis
food. Da Chaillu put his gorilla aboard
ship, with, as he thonght
enough
pro-
veuder to last the voyage, but
a great error in calculation.
he made
Having
nothing to do but eat, he did nothing
else. He finished up his rations, per
sistently refused ship's fare, and actually
starved to death, nineteen days out from
Africa. A gorilla would be worth a mint
of money in this country if he should
turn out to be lawful property under our
constitution, and could get enough to eat.
The eating capacity of the gorilla in
troduces the general subject of the eat
ing of animals.
A first class menagerie requires from
300 to 500 pounds of raw meat daily for
lions, tigers, leopards, etc- A healthy
elephant is said to eat from 500 to 700
pounds of hay per day, besides pocketing
apples, cakes, etc., given him by the
children for dessert.
Camels eat about twice as much as a
horse, of the same kind of provender.
Giraffes eat hay, oats and corn, but if
they can do no better they can make a
living off young trees.
Bears are vegetarians, but all
regefa-
riaus are not bears.
Sea lions eat 100 pounds of salt fish a
day. Fresh water fish are not good for
them.
The menagerie property in the United
States, including animals, appartus and
material requisite for their exhibition and J
transportion is over 52,000,000 worth
-
How to live Long.
They live longest as a class, who lead
calm and even lives, mentally and phy
sically, who are most exempt from the
turmoils and shocks and strains that are
incident to human existence, and who are
assured of to morrows bread. 1 here is
no one thing which has such a direct in
fluence in promoting longevity as an as-
r . . . I 11 J.J t
surance, leu to oe wcu grouuueu, oi a
comfortable provision for lite, lor all the
ordinary wants of our station. Not long
a"0 a man died in a poor house in Eng
land, where be had been taken care of for
ninety-two years; be bad no anxiety for
i hn had no nuarlpr's I
lU-UJUHUn O ui,m , i i
day to provide against, in ueiauu oi wniou
wife and children would ue turned into
the street from the doors of the elegant
brown mansion. He bad no notes to meet
in the bank, which if not paid by a day
OT an hour WOUIO. involve jiiuicc. uuu i
financial ruin. Ah, this load of debt 1
how it grinds one's manhood to powder,
how it atrouizes the sensitive heart, how
it shames a man's honor, how it has driven
to desperation, to drunkenness, to suicide,
to murder 1 How the anguish ot it takes
the energy out of a man, and makes him
pine and languish for weary days, and
weeks on bed of thorns, that pierce
through the-Body into-soul !:
So-oae good' way to avoid siekness and
premature death is to aviod debt as you
. . ..
would the evil one,
Our Railroads and Their Reckless Management.
From the Pittsburgh Iron World and Manufac
turer. . h.e reckless management of railroads
lQ 1,1,9 C0U,7 has long iornied a theme
UP0Q which it delights European visitors
10 "spread themselves." when thev wrote
letters to the papers- Nor is there usu
al,y much exaggeration in the letters on
suojecc contriDtea to the iionaon
1 tmes and other such iournals bv the
uruisu iravener, wno lears not to tempt
fate by trusting himself to the uncertain
mercies of our railroad corporations.
Figures, which "cannot lie," show strange
aud humiliating facts regarding the com-
agaa aQ on the continent of Europe,
' KBUeuu' w unruau trams, duc one
ma7 read over a'1 the European papers
weefc alter week, nay, month after month,
without once encountering such detailed
horrors as are brought home to the Ameri
can public by the American papers, in
their almost daily reports of awful catastro
phies upon the lines of railroad through
out the length and breadth of the land.
So callous have iucq become, from lour
custom, to these terrible announcements,
that they will merely skim the column
containing the details," and, having ascer
tained from the list of sufferers that no
friend of theirs have been killed orinjured,
will quietly fold away the paper and dis
miss the awful event from their minds.
Neverthlesa, there is a spirit abroad
just now that sets thinking men to ask
themselves whether this sort of thing is
to last forever, aud whether the fearful
holocausts of human life recorded day af
ter day are indeed to become an Ameri
can institution, and a fixed order of things,
from which there can be no appeal. An
absurd idea, this, in a country which,
above all others, is signalized by the re
markable inventive powers of its inhabi
tants, whose inventiveness, indeed, may
be said to have no limits, and to have
been carried into all departments of me
chanism and skilled labor. And yet, this,
perhaps, only aggravates the slur but too
just ca3t UP0Q U3 Americans for having
suffered steam power to reach the point
to which it has now arrived, without hav-
ing devised commensurate means where-
by the risks arising to human life and
limb from that power can be mitigated if
not altogether removed
A move in that direction ha3 at last been
made, and if the travelling public know
what is for their own interest, they wil
see to it that this move shall have fair
play, and that no consideration of ex
pense shall be admitted as an excuse from
any greedy corporation who may decline
to avail themselves of the idea originated
in it. To all mtents and purposes, the
conditions of railway travel professionally
known as "telescopiug and "oscillation
are in a fair way of becoming obsolete by
the introduction of trussed platforms, com
prcssion buffers, and automatic couplers,
inventions by which perfect immunity
from the two causes of railroad crashes
referred to is secured. Both of these
models of smashing up railway trains arc
due, solely, to the defective kind of coup
ling hitherto used upon our railroad lines.
A gentleman who for years past has been
connected with railroads, introduced some
time since a new and original method of
coupling cars, which completely obviates
all the causes, that gave rise to the tele
scoping and osillation of trains. On some
roads trussed platforms, compression buf
fers, and automatic couplers have been in
use for eight years, and the result justi
fies the statement that the companies us
ing them have prohted immensely by
these inventions, while the loss of life and
limb upon the railroads on which they
were used has been reduced to a cipher.
By the use of the new platforms and buf
fers telescoping is simply rendered im
possible, while the new mode of coupling
the cars connects them in such a way that
the trains move smoothly on, without any
of that disagreeable and dangerous lateral
motion known as oscillation. .
Here, then, by inventions that appear
to be very simple indeed, when we know
all about them, the fears and anxieties
hitherto inseparable from railroad travel
in this country may easily be set at rest.
It is incumbent on all railroad corpora
tions throughout the country to adopt
these inventions without the least delay.
A day's delay, and another holocaust,
which would have certainly been prevent
ed by these simple precautions, may oc
cur. The managers of the Pennsylvania
Railroad have talked of adopting the iu
vention. Let them see to it that this is
at once done, else the recoil of an out
1 i: I ,i. r.. i
mru IUUIIU Ulil HO IUU UJUbll IU1 i 11 (J 111
In a little village in Yirgioa, there
1 t "I 1 11 Mil
a
uvea a lamiiy nameu liansom. incv
Ransom.
were not pious people, rather on the re
probate order, in fact, and they never
.ui to iiiunu. outc, iiuMuver, uunn"
a revival, the family were prevailed upon
to attend preaching. hen they ronde
their reluctant and tardy appearance the
services had begun, and they had scarcely
taken their seats when the preacher gave
out the nrst hymn, reading it somewhat
thus : '-Return, je ransom' sinners home."
"All right !" cried the head of the
Ransoms, getting up in a rage, and clap-
ping his hat upon his head. "Come
along, old woman and gals, we'll go homo
fast enough, and everybody in the old
I I. I .. 1 . ... .
cuuicu mowa we umu i wam to come.
AN ESSBY ON BEER.
The great German analytical chemist,
Baron Licbig, entertains a high opinion
of America, but a 'poor opinion of beer.
In a conversation with a correspondent
of the New York Tribune he is reported
to have said : "It is a peculiarity of Ameri
cans that they make everything better
than we (the Germans) do. I am con
vinced that American beer will in time
be better than the German. With us
everything remains as it was. The worst
beer brewers are in Bavaria, though it
was earlier the best. And why ? Look
into our brewery system. The brewers
are only ignorant people, who brew good
beer from routine alone. They are in
capable of helping themselves. But as
soon as the Americans adopt anything
from us they improve upon it, and we get
it back again as an American discovery.
Look at the sewing machine. It was be
gun in Germany, but it was first perfect
ed in America. Everything is improved
with you. Look at our German engi
neers ; they are different men when they
come to America." The testimony thus
borne by the learned philosopher to the
faculty for improving upon everything,
which distinguishes our nation, is sup
ported by the fact of the great demand
lor American implements of every kind
from all parts of Europe.
That the American, brewers produce
such good beer as to supersede the desire
for importing it is further evidence of the
truth of the Baron's remarks. He thinks,
however, that, as an article of food, beer
takes a very inferior rank ; as a stimulant
it is belter than brandy, but a nutriment
it is no better than potatoes. "Man,"
says Liebig, "must have a stimulant of
some sort, and brandy is a great evil.
We find that the consumption of beer is
making headway even in the wine dis
tricts, for instance in Stuttgart, and in
no city is there such an amount of meat
consumed as in Munich, where the great
est quaotity of beer is also eonsumed. Be
fore every beer-cellar in Munich you will
find a cheese stand. Why ? Because in
cheese you will find that albumen which
slacking in beer. There fore you see that
beer and cheese go together like a law of
nature. But as an article of nourishment
beer is very subordinate. Schnapps is a
great misfortune, and destroys the work
ing power." With this last remark every
body, except those who are addicted to
drinking it, will agree ; but it may be
questioned whether the same number o
persons will agree in condemning beer.
Ihe consumption of it in this country is
enormous. A Cincinnati paper asserts
that nearly 000,000 are speus annual
ly in that city on beer. Aud some of the
great lager beer brewers of Philadelphia
turn out over half a million of barrels a
year.
Thirty years ago brewing was cotnpara
tively iu its. infancy in this country, but
about 1810 it began to assume au impor
tance which has teadily increased, and
the use of the liqnid has spread from one
end of the contiucnt to the the other.-
This fact, however, is mainly due to the
large number of German emigrants
who will have their lager wherever
they go, and carry their worship of Gam
brinus to as great extent as mortals can
well do. Strauge inconsistency, for ac
cording to the legend of that famous king,
larger beer was the invention of Satan.
Thus it happened Gambrinus was a fid
dler, who lived in Brabant, in the time
of Charlemagne (A. I). 800). Having
been jilted by his sweetheart, he went iu
to a wood to hang himself. As he was
sitting on a bough, with the rope about
his neck, preparatory to taking the final
plunge, suddenly a tall man in a green
coat appeared before him, aud offered to
make him as rich us he pleased, and to
cause his sweet heart to burst with vexa
tion at her folly in rejecting him, provid
ed he would give up his soul to Beel
zebub, at the eud of thirty years. Gam
brinus struck the bargain, and, aided by
Satan, he invented chiming bells and la
ger beer. As soon as the Emperor Char
lemagne had drunk a gallon or two ot the
beer, he was so pleased that he made
Gambriuus Duke of Brabant and Count
of Flanders, and thus gave him the satis
faction of being able to laugh at his old
sweetheart. When the thirty years ex-1
pired, Beelzebub sent one of his imps
with orders to bring Gambrinus back be
fore midnight, but that jolly hero made i
the imp so drunk with the beer that he
was unable to do as he had been com
manded ; so, as is usual in all such le
gends, the devil was cheated iu his bar
gain, and Gambrinus lived long enough
to drink so much beer that he turned iu-
to a beer barrel.
Cows.
As the season for new milch cows has
come, and there is more or less trouble
in regard to their having caked bags, it
may be well enough to try the following
remedy, which has been in use for many
years and never known to fail, in a single
instance, of produing the desired effect.
It is simply common soft soap applied to
the parts affected, and thoroughly rubbed
in with the hand. One application is,
generally, su&cien, to accomplish the
purpose.
It is of no advantage to have a livelv
mirtd if we are not iust. The lierf. eilrm
of the pendulum is not to go fast, tut to
i i
oe regular.
THE VIOLIN.
KV. F. T. S.
A sketch of the history of the viofiri
would be incomplete without some men
tion of Jacob Sterner the great Tyeolese
maker. Formerly his violins were more
highly prized than at present. He bu'ili
his instruments with a very high model,
and the tone was in consequence sharp'
and piercing compared with the besi
Italian violins. Late in life he cute red.
a convent, and while there constructed?
sixteen violins with his utmost skill..
These were called the "Elector violins"
on account of his presenting one of therri
to each of the twelve Electors and ther
remaining four to the King. Ouly three-'
or four of the Elector violions now re
main. Very may .of all those good oldt
violins by Steamers and the Gremooa'
makers have been ruined by burning and!
ignorant repairers, who have thought to'
improve them by thinning the wood and.
making other foolish alterations'.
Having briefly sketched the progress
of the violin from its early days to the
period of its highest development I wil.
not attempt to follow its history from?
Guarnerius down, but will close this'
series by giving some account of its pre
sent condition.
The production and sale of violins in
creases year by year. Instruments of all
degress of value are in demand. If you?
take the trouble to notice you will find,
that almost every house contains a violin'.
To supply these requires a very large pro
duction. Vuillamue of Paris continues'
to make violins of prepared wood that sell
well. Then in the vicinity of the villager
of Markneukirchcn, in Saxony, a' great!
many private families are engaged in mat
ing a middle class of violins. They do
not all make complete violins, bat one'
family makes the necks ; another family
makes the tops, another the breaks, etc ,
while still others finish or put the violins'
together. Most of the instruments sold;
at the stores arc made in this way. Be-
sides these there are in almost all th'eV
great cities of Europe and America mak
ers who, like old Stradiuarins, work alon'e
aud strive to make a better class of instru
ments. An acquaintance with these men'
is valuable and interesting. In N'eW
York there are several such makers, tho'
most noted of whom in George G'cmuen
dcr. Working quietly away id liis little'
shop he produces violins which sell for
300 to 5500, when new. He is giveri'
to thought and reflection', and is a most!
skillful repairer as well as maker. After
you have gradually made his acquaint
ance he will show you mauy curious,
things ; pieces of very old wood, deal
from a church door in Europe two hund
red years old ; imitations of old violin?
which it puzzles you to dintingjiish from
the genuine; .he manner of covering
strings with coppor and silver wire, etc.
But the very latest and most remarkabler
feature in violin making is the enterprise'
of Mr. John F. Strattou, who has within,
a few years built a largo factory at Leip
zig in Saxony, where he makes violin
by machinery driven by steam. He was
formerly a professional musician playing
the violin, cornet and other instruments.
After a time ho became a merchant iu
musical merchandise, and from observing
the need a cheap violin with a told rah Id'
musical tone he was led to study whctliei
V 1 m
a mactuuc might not be constructed
which should carve out the tori ahd back.
of a violin to the proper thicknesses, ano?
so that the thicknesses at the var
ious points could be varied so as to'rouW
violins of exactly the same proportions as
the best Cremoua instruments. After
studying tho matter a long time' a and?
spending some 510,000, hrj succeeded in.
inventing such a machine and perfecting
it so that it is now turning out violins in "
great numbers. The work in his factory
is done mostly by girls, who do the var
nishing and hoishiug very nicely. His
violins are very cheap, but the tone i
really smoother, stronger and more musi
cal than the price would lead you to ex- -pect.
Whether Mr. Stafton will succeed
in making violins of so good a quality as
to compete witc the Italian iustrumeaH
remains to be seen.
Mr. Vallandigham's Client
It will be remembered that Hon. C. L.
Vallandigham inflicted on himself the
wound which caused his deuth-during the
trial of Thomas M'Gehun. at Hamilton.
Ohio, charged with murder, iu which
Vallindigham was acting as counsel for
tho accused. M'Gchau was acquitted,
whereupon a public meeting citizen
of Hamilton instructed him to levn
that neighborhood and uot return.
Along with M'Gehati four others were
indicted as 'accessories in the killin of
Myers, who were also of course released
with their alleged principal. On tho
13th M'Gehan made his appearance at
Hamilton, upon which a mass meeting of
some two thousaud citizeus was promptly
organized and, "resolved that this meet
ing regard this man a monster, unfit to
live within the hounds of Butler county,
and that we pledge ourselves to justify,
uphold and defend any citizen or citizens
who shall, at long or short range, rid the
worid of his presei.ee, if ever found in
this county alter this tl iy Also, receiv
ed, that his associates in the late murder,
viz: Han M'Glyun, Ich Sheely,. Jack
Garver aud James M'Gehan are hereby
declared outlaws, aud we demand of them
to leave this county at once, as this com
munity will no longer ho rcsp.ju..ib!e lor
their safely as citizens."
TUT