JPcuotci to politics, literature, Olsriatlture, Srimcc, Jiloralitij, an enern! Intelligence.
VOL 20.
STftOUDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA. DECEMBER W, 1861.
NO. 48.
Published bv TilCOdorC SdlCCh.
v
TERMS. Tivo dollars per annumin advance Two
dollars and u quarter, half yearly and if not paid be
fore the end of the year, Two dollars and a half.
N p inersdiiconiintied until allarrearagcsaicpaid,
except, at the option of the Editoi.
-CAlvcrttscinciUs of oncsquare (ten lines) orless,
one or three insertions, J I 00. Each additional inscr
on, ij cents. Longer ones in proportion.
JOB PElfiliTSSG.
SalTy
senpuon oi
Ss.
"ted with neianess and despatch, on reasonahictenns
at this office.
- - . - -
Beport Of th9 Secretary Of the Treasury.
Tbts Report has just made its appear-
ance. The Secretary alludes to the re-
port of the 4th July last, wherein he ask-
ed from Congress provision for the expen-
ditures amounting to S318.519.5BI h7
daring the coming fiscal year. Under
tho authority of Congress, which empow-
ered him to raise two hundred and fifty
njillions in divers ways, the Seoretary
proceeded to realize as follows:
There were paid Jo creditors,
or exchanged Tor coin at par, nt
different dates in July ai.d Au
gust, six per cent, two years'
notes, to the amount of 14,019,034 GG
There was burrowed, at par
the same months, upon sixty
days' six per cent, notes, the
IV. n. Mil
Pliorn n?-c hnrrnt, n.l ,i t,, r
on the 19th of Auust uion
three year 7-30 bonds, issued
for the most part to subscri-
bers to the National Loan o0,000,000 00
There was borrowed, on the
1st ot October, upon like secu-
lies
uu,uuu,uuu uu
cn nnn nnn nn
There was borrowed at par
ffr cptrnn nor pan 1 m llio lOth
of November, upon 20 years'
six per cent, bonds, reduced to
the equivalent of sevens, inclu-
ding interest, " 45,70S,473 4S
There have been issued,and
were in circulation and on do-
posits with the treasurer, on the
30th of November of United
mand,
24,550.325 00
JIaking an aggregate realized
from loans in various forms,
of
197,242,53314
"While success thus complete ha so far t,0 tbeai nothing except the expense of
attended the measures relating to loans. !,5'ue dnd redemption and the intere-t on
the Secretary regrets to say that the re- j lbe 6?ec,e kePl 00 band for tbe latter Pur
ceipts of revenue from duties have not. as ?0se5 aod 't deserve consideration wheth
jet, fulfilled tbe expectations indulged 0t;eround pohoy d0e, not require that the
the date of his July report. , advantages of tbt- loan be trausterred. in
At the date of his report, the Secretary Part a least rrouj the baukH' represent
counted on a revenue from cu-toms, fol ;mg only tbo interest, of the stockholders,
tbo financial year 1SU2, of fifty-seven mil ; 10 th- government representing the ag
lions of dollars, but circum-taoces D0K ! greate interests of the whole people,
constrain him to reduce this estimate to It has been well quxtioned by the
832,198,602 55. i most eminent statesmen, whether a cur-
The estimates of receipts from lands jrency of bank notes, i-rued by locai insti
and miscellaneous sources mu-t ai-o retutious under Stat- laws is not, in fact
reduced from $3,000,000 to 82. 254,062 ' prohibited by th. national Constitution
"89. The only other source of revenae'Sucb emissions certainly fall within the
which promises nn addition to tbe rcr-our- -pint, if uot within tbe letter, of the
cob of the year is the direct tax author- con-titutional prohibition of tbe emission
dzed by Congress, from which, if increas- of b'Hs o! credit bj the States, and of the
ed to .the limit proposed by the Secretary, ! making by them of anything exeept gold
aod assumed by the States, the further and silver coin tender in payment of
sum of 520,000,000 may be expected. , debts.
The nggregate of revenue from all Hour j However this may be, it is too dear to
cee may. therefore, be estimated at $54 - be reasonably disputed that Congress, un-
552,665 44, which is less by 525,447,336 .
45 than the estimate of Jnlv.
This reduction, howevpr, though large, j the valuo of coin, possesses ample author
would not have compelled tho , Secretary i 'lJ to control tbe credit circulation which
to ak any additional powers for the ne-; enters so largely into the transaction of
gotiation of lonn, beyond those asked for ' commerce, and affect in so many ways
in his July report, bad appropriations the value of coin.
and expenditures been confined within! In tjie judgment of the Secretary, the
the estimate then submitted. ' time ha arrived whoa Congress should
These estimates, it will be remembered, exercise tbi authority. The value of
contemplated expenditures in all depart- the existing bank note circulation depends
ments, and for all objects, to the amount on the laws of thirty-four States and the
of S318,51 9,581 67. The basis of tbe ts- character of ome sixteen hundred pri
timates wss tbe uodcrrtanding that it vatc corporations It U usually furnish
would be necessary to bring into the field, ed in greatest proportion by institutions
for the suppression of tbe rebellion, two of least actual capital. Circulation, com
hundred and fifty thousand volunteers, monly. is in tbe inverse ratio of solvency,
and to increase the regular army by the Well-founded institutions, of large and
addition of eleven new regitrfents; making solid capital, have, in trenoral, comp'ara
a total force, including the regular army lively little circulation; while weak corpo
alrcady orgauized, of about three bun rations almost invariably eek to sustain
drod thousand men. After estimates for tueuelveii by obtaining from tbe people
tbis force bad been furnished, the Presi tbe largest possible credit in this form.
dent thought it expedient, iu order to Under such a system, or rather lack of
make the contest short and deeinive, to sy-tem, great fluctuations, and heavy loss
ask Congress to place at the control of es in discounts and exchanges, aro inevi
tbe Government at least four hundred table; and not unfrequeotly. through fail
thousand men. and four hundred million- ' urea of the issuing institution, considera
of dollars. In the number thus called ble portions of the circulation become sud
for the regulars were iucluded. Congress denly worth!ess"in the hands of the peo
animated by the same desire for a short pie. The recent experience of several
and decisive contest, went beyond thii States .in the valley of tho Mississippi
recommendation of tbe President, and au painfully illutrute the truth of these ob
thorized tbe acceptance of volunteers in servations.
Buoh numbers, not exceeding five hundred 3ut tne possible disaster which miabt
thousand, as be might deem necessary. befall the plan, -o far wcih- with the
Tho Secretary enjoins retrenchment Secretary that ho forbears to recommend
and reform m all unnecessary expenses,
thinks tbe property of tbo rebels should
- ' . . n . .
help to pay tbe cost ot the war, and inti-
tmates that it ought to be confiscated and
:3old for this ourpose.
Ua nronoses an additional reveune of
2i cents per pound on brown euar, three
ents on clayed sugar, twenty cents per
pound on green tea, aod five cents per
pound on coffee, and that no other alter-
stions of tbe tariff be made during tbe
present session of Congress, unless furth-
er experience or changed circuasstances
jhall demonstrate the necessity of expedi-
oncy of tbem. All considerations of pru-
dence and patriotism, he adds, seem to
concur in favor of giving to the existing al safeguard is possible against deprecia 671 01; the amount coined was 8..- precedent hereafter lor the treatment o ExceS3 of expenditures over re
tariff a full and fair trial, and of reerv- tions; and of protection from losses in 767 58. Of tbe bullion; &o., deposited, any case of similar infraction of neutral ccipu 82,4.-i,0J0 0
ing tbe work of mieiop, modification and discounts aud exchange while in the op- 874,885,672 83 were reedvod at tho As- obligation by foreign voxels engaged id Amount alleged to be due to
permanent settlement for more propitious
.l.n
In the judgment of the Secretary,
will be necessary to increase the direct
tax so as to produoe from the loyal States
alone, a revenue of at least twenty mil-
lions of dollars, and to lay snob duties on
stills and distilled liquors, on tobacco, on
bank notes, on carriages, on legacies, on
paper evidences of debt and instruments
paper evidences or aent anu instruments
:ur euLvcjou u. F.vjr,aU
like subjects of taxation, as will produce
aD cqaal additio?al 8Um- ei'8t:DS
provisions for an incomo tax will probably
produce ten millions of dollars more.
The aggregate taxation will thus amount
tofiftv minions of dollars.
The S.-crctary is sware that tho sum is
large; but seeing, as be does, no proba-
bility that the revenue from ordinary
sources will exceed torty millions of dol-
lars during the current year, and know-
ing, as be does, that to meet even ecooo-
mized disbursements, and pay the inter-
est on the public debt, and provide a sin-
king fund for the gradual reduction of
it-principal, Mie appropriation of ninety
millions of dollars will be Deoessnry, ho
feel- that he must notsbriuk from a plain
! ktatemeut of the actual necessities of the
situation.
But, if the sum is large, the means of
tne people are also large. J he real prop
1 erty of the loyal States is valued, iu round
nntnknra nt enenn Ti ii a Y n 1 f flinn.ift
(III. . . .
, 01 uuuiiou-, iuc ueinuuui viuyvi tv ui luruo
or minion
t. . i . .1
an" a LaiI ihousanas oi minions, ana tne
annual surplus earnings of the loyal peo-
!ple are not less than three hundred mil-
lions of dollars, .hour milln on each dol-
ar. or two fitthf of one Di-r cent, on the
'realaud personal property of the loyal
'
Slates, will produce forty tour millions of
do!lar!, to which sum tbe propoed in-
, fomc iax w"' prooao.y but ten minions,
The whole num will be little aore than
one ix:h of the surplus earning-of the
country.
! Tbe circulation oi the bank" of tbe U
njt,,d S;ates. ou the 1st day of January,
xGl ( ffSa coniputC(J l0 l)e 202.000 707.
j Qf (fai circuttlioil8,?o.000.00o. in round
numbers-, wa- in States now loval inolu
diug Wc-it Arirginia, and S50.U00.000 in
the rebellious States. Tbe whole of thin
; circulation constitute- a loan without m
tercst from the people to the banks, coh-
der it- constitutional power to lay taxes,
to regulate commerce, and to regulate
its adoption
Tbe second plan ugcsted remains- for j
r r 1
examination, it- principal leatures are
(1st) a circulation ol not-s bearing a com- J
mon impres-ion aud authenticated by a .
common authority; (2d), the redemption
of tbee notes by the associations and in
stitutions to which they may be delivered
for is-ue; and (3d), the security of that
redemption by the pledge of United
States stocks, and an adequate provision
f specie.
In tbis plan the people, in their ordina-
ry bu-ines, would find tbe advantages of
uniformity in currency; of uniformity in
security; of effectual .safeguard, if etfeotu
erations of the Government the people
nnnlrl find iha fiiithai i f .. r .
it large demand for Government securities,
of increased facilities for obtaining the
loans required by the war, and of some
alleviation of the burdens on industry
through a diminution in the rate of inter
est, or a participation io the profit of cir-
culation, without risking the perils of
groat money monopoly.
groat money monopoly.
u.uuuu, .Uu IUir.ul, BuvauHge io
the people may bo reasonably expected
,n the increa-e of security of the Union,
springing from the common interest in
its preservation, created by the distribn-
tion of it stocks to associations through-
out the country, as tbo basis of their cir-
culation. A
The Secretary entertains the opinion
that if a credit circulation in any form bo
desirablo it is most desirable in this The
notes thus iued and seoured would, in
bis judgment, form the safest currency
which this country has ever enjoyed; while
their roceivability for all Government
dues, except customs, would make them,
wherever payable, of equal value, as a
currency, in every part of the Union
The large amount of specie now in the
United States, reaching a total of not
less than two hundred and seventy-five
millions of dollars, will eaeily support
payments or duties m coin, while these
payment-" and ordinary demand will aid
in rot I n I n; tkia r i r in tA n A .. . -
! i :.. -t . , i
. '
aunu uttaia uyiu ai circuianon anu loans
ine wnoie circulation ot the country,
I except a limited amount of foreign, would
! after the lap-e of two or three year", bear
, the tmpres of the nation-, whether in coin
or note-; while tbo amoout of the latter.
alwava easily ascertainable, and of course.
' -
always generally known, would not be
I likely to be increased beyond the real
want- ot business.
He expre-ses an opinion in 'avor of
thi." pUn with the greater confidence
because it ha the ad vintage of recom
mendation from experience. It in not an
untried theory. In tbe State ot New
York, and in one or more of the other
State, it ha- been subjected, in its mo-t
essential part.-, to the te-t of experiment
' and ha been found practicable and u-e
i ful
The probabilities of success will he in
created by it adoption under national
sanction, and lor the whole country.
Tbe Secretary toots ap the actual ex
penditures of the fir-t quarter ot the com
ing year, and the estimated expenditures
of the year, as follows :
For the first quarter the actual
expenditures were 893,239,733 09
For ihe second, third and
fourth the estimated expen
ditures under appropriations
already made lor public ser
vice, including civil list, In
terior, War and Navy De
partments, and public debt
and interest, are 302,035,761 21
And the estimated expendi
tures under the additional ap
propriations now asked for are;
For civil ser
vice and increas
ed interest, $5,166,43399
And for the
War and Navy
Departments, 137,964,488 77
143,13U,927 7U
Making a total of actual and
estimated expenditures under
existing Unu dtKeu appropnu
tions of $543,406,422 06
From which deduct actual
and estimated receipts 329.501,904 33
Making an apparent amount
for which iccolirse must be
had to loans of 213,904,426 68
The whole amount likely to be required,
from loans, may be thus staled:
For the fiscal year 1861,
under existing laws $75,449,675 00
Fur ihe fiscal year 1662,
und.;r laws to be enacted 200,000,000 00
For the fisca I y ea r 163, al
so under laws to be enacted 379,531,245 51
654 980 920 51
' ;
Making an aggregate of
On the 1st day of July, 1860
the public debt was $64,769,703 03
On the 1st d.iy of July,
1861, the public debt was 90,867,828 68
On the 1st day of July,
1862, the public debt will be 517,372,802 93
On the 1st day of July.
1863, the public debt will' be 697,372,802 93
Tbe Secretary states that, believing the
fraukest is the wisest policy for nations as
well a individuals, he has thought it bis
duty to submit to Congress this plain
statement of the financial condition ot the
country. That it imposes cousidera-ble
burdens is not to be denied or disguised.
It is coQ-ohng to kuow that tbe energies
and resources of tbe people are not insuf
fi.'icnt for them. Tbea mount ot tho pub-
lie dent in tbe year loib wa- S1'7,.M4,
rf
1933 74, aod iu tweuty year it wa- paid
off by the people. The country, ev u if
. . . I . .. I O . . .... I. J v.
tne lojrai oiaio-ouiy an; reHroe.,, Uuu
su tiu aud payoff in thirty yours the
dot.t to which rebellion no oxpo-tn us
with baruly ureatrr proportiouol contri
bution- from iucrea-ed and increasing re-source-
than that debt inane neoes-ary.
The Secretary reoommoudn a Cu-tora
Lawyer in the city ot N)w York, und
mkes other miuor sugge-lions, utter
which he adverts to the operations ot the
Mint.
The operation- of the Mint last yer
were larj.e beyond precedent The net
amount ol bullion received was 872.146,-
say Office in New York. Of S799.923.
?IRO 1 l it.. ..
tfU4S 19, tno entire coinage since the es
tablisbment of the Mint, S520.000.000
have been coined from bullion derived
from mines of the United State.
Of the gold df-po-ited during the last
year S31;21(.,99 52, and of the Silver
oui iV.Mi zv. wero rrotn the mines
a the United Stales; the remainder formed
partof the unusually lare receipt during
vuu year irom iorein countries.
The large and rapidly Increasing pro
doction of gold in the Territory of Colo- of which are iron-clad!
rado suggests inquiry into the expendi-j The Secretary advise3 the creation of
enoy of establishing an assay offioe or a 'more grades in the naval service, as like-
branoh mint at Denver A private mint ly to add to the efficiency of the work, by
for the convenience of the people is now ' making the rewards more frequent. Al-
in operation at that place; and obvious so, he recommends a rule that officers be
considerations seeni to require tbo substi ' retired with a sufficient allowance, after
tution of national for private agencies in ; forty-five years' service. Twent- five
coinage. j acting lieutenants, four hundred end thir-
The silver mines of Nevada and Arizo ty-three acting masters and two hundred
na have also yielded largo returns, and' and nine masters' mates bae boon ap-
the protection of the citizen.-, engaged pointed, in order to have officers enough
in extracting their treasures, from insur- for tbo so largely increased navy. Therc
rectionary and savage violence, demand
the earue-t consideration of Congress
No means exist of ascertaining, with
, . r?'
absolute certaiutv. the auantitv of coin
now in the United States; but the best ao
4 j
cessible data lead the Secretary to concur
in tbo judgment of the Direetor of the
Mint, that tbo amount is between two
hundred and seventy-five millions and
three hundred millions of dollars.
The Secretary has disbursed to the ev
1 L ' r . r . i
olaiois be paid in the manner, as private
soldiers of United States bonds then come
upou the market, aod. by necessity of re-
aliziogon them, depreciate the national
credit
The number of revenue cutters in the
service i- 29, of which about one-half are
unfit lor use and will be sold. Five more
are con-tructing.
Tbe Secretary cloes with remarks in
favor of a uniform system and a uniform
nomenclature of weights and meaures
throughout the commeroil world, nd
adds that the wisest of our statesmen have
regarded tbe attainment of this end, so
desirable in itself, a by no mean- impos
ible. The combination of the decimal
system whh appropriate denominations m
a scheme of weights, measure, and coins,
lor tbe international uses of commerce,
leaving, if need be, the separate systems
of nations untouched, ia certainly not be
yond tbe reach of the daring jjenius and
patient endeavor wbiob (rave the steam
engine and tbe telegraph to the service of
mankind. The Seoretary suggests the
expediency of a small appropriation, to be
ued in promoting interchange of opinions
between oar own and loreigo countries on
this subject.
Abstract of the Report of the Secretary
ot the Navy.
The duties of tbe navy during tbe past
summer have been threefold. To guard
the insurgent ports and a coast line ol
nearly three thousand miles; to protect
our maritime commerce and cruise in pur
suit of piratical vessels sent out by tbe
Confederates; and to take part in com
bined naval and military expedition a-
gaint iNortn ana ooutn i aroiina, ana
tbo ports of the infected district. Ihe
roport of the Secretary of tbe Navy gives
detailed information of the manner in
which these arduous duties have been
performed.
Vossels have been sunk in Ocracoke
Inlet, on the North Carolina coast, and
others are about to be sunk in the bar
born of Cbarle-ton and Savannah.
One hundred and fifty-three vessels, of
various sizes, havo been captured since
tbe institution of the blockade, mot of
them in attempting to run tbe blockade.
Tbe naval expeditions were, it seems,
p'aDDed ar receiving tho reports of a
board of officers, who deliberated ou the
! best points to be attacked and seized.
Tbe board conisted of Captains J F.
Dupont and Charles II Dans, of the na
vy; Major John C Barnard, of the ar
my, una Professor Alexander Baobo, of
the const urv-y.
Tbe Secretary reports that Flag offi-
r-r . ..i l
cer A. rl Iootc, oi too navy, nas organ
jZt,(i au efficient naval forco in tbo Misais-
gippi, auxilliary to tbe army,
Qf privateers, the report states that
".such of these cruisers as eluded the
blockade and capture were soon wrecked,
h,.aohcd, or sunk, with tbe exception of
oue tbo steamer Suojpter, which, by some
fatality, was permitted to pair, the Brook-
jyD then blockading one o' the passes ot
i,e Mississippi and after a brief and fee
a iIHf,- bv the latter was allowed to
.... - j
nrooeed on ber piratical voyage An in-
vu-tiation of this whole occurrence has
. .1 . . . . .. . a
.euu orueroa v me uepanmeni.
(HI O . tl.a ..f n.F
tam W,ikein capturin. M.,on and
Sl.dell. He ,y
"The prompt and decisive action of
Capt.
Wilke- on this occasion merited
and receive, tbe emphatic approval of
the Department; and if n too generous
forbearance wa-exhitited by hiu. in not
oapturiUrf the vessel- which had these re
bel emis-urios on board, it way. in view
of the special circumstances, and of its
patriotic motives, bo exousod. But roust
by no means oe permutea io .con-niuie
erai orates, in payment lor tneir expense oiaoK or wnite. tie says:
o equipping troops for the war, the sum I "Io tbe coastwise and blockading du
of 84.514,078 51 The Secretary adverts . ties of the navy it has not been un're
to an irue of bonds, authorized hy the'quent that fugitives from insurrectionary
last Coogres, for the payment of the Or j place have sought our ships for refuge
ejton war debt, and recommends that no, aim protection, and our naval comraaud-
- commerce of the carrying trade."
m. J -
- There were, on the 4th of March Inst
in commission and at the service of the
Seoretary of the Navy, only 42 vessels,
carrying 555 guns, and 7,000 sen.
There are, to-day, in commission 264
vessels, carrying 2,557 puns, and over
of 22.000 men This is an immense work
to do in little more than eiht months-
Besides this, there will be ready very
shortly, Qfty-two new steamers - "peculi-
- arlv adanted to coastguard dntv thren
have also been actio engineers and sur-
iveyors appointed
I The Secretarv asks Oomrreas to foster
- "j o
' the Naval School to euoh a decree that
o
at least double the usual number of ca
dets may be instructed.
On tho slavery question the Secretary
say nothing, but tbe following, "on the
employment of fugitives," will show that
he preposes to protect loyal men, and ar
rest insurgent, without asking if they be
f i t i ri
i ers have applied to tne for instruction as
to the proper disposition which should be
made ot such refugees. My answer has
! been that, if insurant-, they should be
handed over to the custody of the Gov
eminent; but if, on tho contrary, they
were tree (rom any voluntary participa-
tion in the rebellion and sought the shel-
, ... r a u .u
ter and protection of our flag, then they
"bould be cared for and employed io some
useful manner, and might bo enlisted to
nerve on our public ves-els or in our navy 7' ru"Ja; JU.U ' " ol remar
yards, receiving wa.es for their labor.- that out of 96, ,69 etters before alluded
II -u,h employment could not fce furni-h- t0' "g the loyal States, 40.000
ed to all by the navy, they might be re- culd.Dt be returned, either because of
f-rred to the army, and if no employ- th,e 'W of the writer was incom
ment could be found for them in public et0' "because the letter contained no
service, they should be allowed to Pro- .ue i hH rcsldcncLe- Tbe experience of
ceed freely and peaceably, without res- tbe Department shows that , a large por
tramt, to seek a livelihood in any loyal t,0D .of Leslie letters, written by edo-
Dortion of the countrv. This I have con
r j
8idercd to be the whole required duty in
the premises, of our naval officers.
Tbe naval estimates for the year end
ing June 30. I860, amount to S14.625,
665; aud besides this, the Secretary re
ports a deficit of $18 530,000 needed for
current expenses to pay for vessels pur-
chased, and for necessary alterations in-
curred in fitting them for naval purposes,
fnr tK nMhn nf nUWJnn! .-ooni,
for the
construction ana completion of
twenty iron-clad vessels
Ktt.cic nf fho -Rrmnrf f fho Pncfmocfor
Gpnpral
It appears that tbe whole number of
post officer in the United States on tbe
30th of June, lBl, was 28,586; and that
the entire number of cases acted upon
during the same period was 10,633, in
cluding appointments mado by tho Pres
ident of the United States. Tho whole
. 1
number or nnnoint mnnts mane nv tne
o. nJ. i 4K ..i .t,
I 11.11 IIIlLILfl t TIT II M 1 III J tltJ. llllll tilt? llUIll' I
bcr by the President during the same po
riod, 337.
Tho aggregate earnings of the different
transatlantic stoamship lines during tho
yoar ending June 30, 1861, wero $392,
W87.63. The expenditures of tho department in
tho fiscal year ending June 30, 1861, a
mounted to SI 3,606,759,1 1
The expenditures were $14,874,772,
t9, showing a decroase, in 1861, of 81,
26H, 013,78.
The gross rovenuo for tho year 1861,
including receipts from letter carriers and
from foreign postages, amounted to $8,-
349.296,40.
The estimated deficiency of means for
161, as presented iu the annual report
from tbis D- partmeut, December 3, 1859,
was 85,983,424 04. Deduct tho actual
deficiency, 84,551 966 98. and there is an
exce-s of estimated deficiency over actual
deficiencies of 81 ,43(j.457,06.
The revenue from all sources during the
year 1H60, amounted to $9,218,007 4.0
The revenue from all sources
during the year 1861. amounted 9.049,296 40
Decrease of revenue for 1661 $163,771 00
The net proceeds from post offices in
tbe loyul Stutes for the fiscal years end
ing Juno 30. 160. $3 68.S.6U0.56, and
iu 1861. S3,02,487,0H showing an in-
! crease in 1861, of Si 12.796,52.
And in the dis oyal States, in I860.
OlIOII ft IK fil ot.il ,n ISCI Cfi-77 7()fi 70
..aa- aU ....... v , ...
- bowlD a " 1861. of 8132,849,-
The lJeorease io I801 from the net pro-
g -
V r. . ' ir
to br S;.0.043.29.
Statement ol the receipts, and expendi
tures of the uisloyul Sfate, and amount
allowed to be due to "ontractor?alo the
antouut aotually paid to contractors from
July 1, 1U, to May Ml, 1861:
Total expenditures $3,01)9,100 57
Tolul receipla
1.-J4 1,220 05
contractors for trasportation 3, 135,637 40
Amount actually paid for trans
portation 3,135,627 12
i
Leaving amount alleged to be'
due and unpaid 8312,575 4&
The estimate of tbo total expenditures,
for 1863 is somewhat less than those of
previous years, heretofore submitted.
This difference arises from the fact that
only partial estimates are made for the
coast of postal service in States where it
i now suspended.
Tbe appropriation for deficiencies in
1862 was S5,301,350,63, while the a
mount to bo required from the Treasury,
for 1863, ia 83.645,000.
The wbolo number of ordinary dead
letters Tccoived and examined during the
yoar was about 2,550,000.
Tho number of these letters containing
money, which were registered and senc
out during the year ending June 30, 1861 ,
wa- 10,5-W.
Tbe number of dead letters returned
unopened to toreiyn countries during- tbo
fiscal year was 111,147, which added to
the number of domestic lotters (U3,8b6)
sent out as above, give tbe whole num
ber sent out from the Dead Letter office
for the year, 215,033.
The result of successful investigation
in 7, SOU caies confirms the past experi
encc of tbe Department that tbe failure
of a letter to reach its destination is, in
tho vast majority of instancos, the fault a
lone of the writer or sender.
Out of the above 7.560 valuable dead
letters, 3,095 were directed to wrong of
ficers, 467 were imperfectly addressed,
612 were directed to transient persons,
257 to parties who had changed their
residence, 821 were addressed to fioti-
"oua , Y r ! ncaUea
for' 1U wi,tbot aDJ direction, 2,136 wore
c m8"e? Ior want or postage stamps
- '" ''" Ui
Piaster to deliver, 133 no satisfactory
reason waa assigned The Department,
therefore, car. ju.tly be held responsible
for th non-dchvery of but 212 of these
jeterd 3
,T ', , , . , ,
Muoh other valuable data is given on
ua"u -uu p-iusmuny oy wo-
men, are uctioicnt in one or both of these
respects.
In viow of these and other fact, the
Postmaster General suggests that valua
ablo dead letters, when returned to their
owners, 6hould be charged with treble the
' yosmge, uompr.s.ug ouo
rato for return transportation to the wn-
te" or 0I!UC .
A trC8tJ nh Mexico has been couolu-
,i : r
.
estajDiismng a common international rato
of twenty-five cents on letters, with other
USoful provisions
be Postmaster General has accepted
tbo offer made in 1857 by Great Britain,
for a reduction of tbe international rate
between tbe two countries from twenty
four to twelve cents, which, however, has
not yet gono into operation, as it awaits
the response of the British office.
Tho above abstract presents merely a
few of the noints of tha imnortant renorfc
r . r
-lbe Postmaster beneral gives at
...
length his reasons for the change of con
tracts for disloyalty. Not only was it un-
! safe, he says, to ontrust the transporta
tion of tbo mails to a person who refused
; or failed to recognise tho sanctity of an
I oath, but to coutinue payment of public
money to, the encmio of tho Government
and their allies was to give direct aid and
comfort to treason in arms. We could
not thus permit this brsnoh of the Gov
ernment to contribute to its own over
throw. Toe Postmaster General also gives his
reasons for excludiug disloyal publica
tions from tbe mails. To await tbe re
sults of slow judicial prosecution was to
allow crime to be consummated, with tho
expectation of subsequent puni-hment, in-
stead of preventing its accomplishment
by prompt and direct interf-reuce. Of
the cs.ttcs pre-euted for bi action, upon
tho principle- which he names, he has, by
order, excluded from ihe mails twelve of
these treasonable publications, of which
several had been previously presented by
the Grand Jury as incendiary and hos
tile to ooustitutional authority.
While tho Postmaster General did not
claim the authority to suppress any news
paper, however disloyal and treasonable
contents, the Department could not be '
called upon to give them circulation. "It
oould not, and would not, intcrfero with
tho freedom secured by law; but it could,
and did, obstruct tho dissemination of
that lioenso which was without the pale of
tbo Constitution and law. The mails es
tablished by tbe United States Govern
ment could not, upon any known princi
ples of law or public right, be used for
its destruction. As well oould the com
mon carrier bo required to transport a
machine, designed for the destruction of
the vehicles convoying-it, or an innkeeper
be compelled to entertain a traveller
whom he knew to bo intending to commit
a robbery in bis boue."
He finds these views supported by the
Mgh authority of the Ir.te Chief, Justice
Story, of the Supreme Court of tB Uni
ted States, whoso opinion he quotes.