" ' ' '
H)n)otci i0 clitics, literature, 2lgrintltur, S timet, Jttoralitj), anb eneral Intelligence.
VOL 20.
STROUDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA. APRIL 4, IS61.
4
Published by Theodore Schoch.
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SPEECH OF THE HOST. A. K. M'CLUEE,
On the Act of the commutation of the ton
nage daties upon all the internal im
provements of the State, delivered in
the Senate, Tuesday, Feb. 26.
The first section of tbe bill, entitled "an
Act for tbe commutation of tooDage du
ties' having been read,
Mb Penny offered an amendment pro
viding that the Governor might restoro
tbe tax upon tonnage at any time that the
unkiog fund might need the samo to pay
a certain portion of the debt. i
Ma. M'Clure said : Tbo amendment
now before the Senato has already- been ;
considered and rejected by the members
of this body in Committee of the Whole.
A gentleman so intelligent and so famil
iar with all the details of State policy can
scarcely have mistaken tbe manifest pur
pose of the original taction to afford the
State the amplest protection. We do not
propose to surrender the right to tax tbe
Pennsylvania railroad in any legitimate
way, including a tax upon tonnage. The
bill expressly provides that tbe State may
re impose this tax should any necessity
arise lor it; but it does very properly pro
hibit an adjust discrimination against the
trade of any particular section of the
Commonwealth. There is no reason why
the man who ships tbe products of his in
dustry to or from Pftt-burg shall pay a
direct tax to the State for tbe privilege,
while the citirens of every other section
have their avenues of transportation to
both our own and foreign cities free from
such restrictions. There is no equality
in such a system of taxation, and on no
tound principles of State policy san it be
justified. I doubt not that the Senator
from Allegheny fully comprehends and
appreciates this glaring inequality; and
yet, without proposing to make this tax
general, so that it might fall with exact
justice upon all our people, he earnestly
contends for the taxation of a single route,
and that one of the great artery desigmd
to give fresh life and increased greatness
to our leading commercial cities.
Tbe time may come when the State
must look for extraordinary revenue; and
this bill proteotsthe interests of tbe Com
monwealth fully. Should such a contin
gency arise, then let the whole tonnage of
the State pay tribute to tbe treasury; and
however at war with an enlightened com
mercial policy, we will bo at least just to
.every portion of our. people. But bould
that dark day dawn upon us, let none
other than the legitimate taxing power
perform thi task. I object to vesting
the hxecutive with the dangerous author
ity to impose taxes by proclamation. To
the Legislature, and. to it alone, should
that delicate power be entrusted; and as
it has been wisely placed there, it must
not bo disturbed. Our "broad acres"
a most familiar expression are not in
danger of onerous taxation as long as we
have prosperous corporate interests ever
adding to their own wealth and to that of
the State. A Legislature eoming direct
Iv from the Deonle will exhaust all other
resources before increasing the burdenson
our agriculture. Let this tax be reinsta
ted, if ever, by the legitimate taxing pow
er of the Commonwealth; and for tbis we
propose to make a complete provision in
this bill.
While upon tbe floor I will allude to an
other point. Iti-urged persistently that we
are about to relieve a great corporation.
Such is not tbe purpose, nor will such be
the main result, of this bill. I ask that
these of my con-tituent and tbe conti u
ents of other Senators who wish to expand
the dark cloud that, rises over tbemanu
factories of Allegheny by pouring thither
the rich fruits of their capital and indus
try, shall not pay a direct tax for tbe
privilege of doing so. Every ton of iron
from my immediate section of tbe State
that seeks a market in Pittsburg must
pay from eight cents to one dollar of a
direct and arbitrary tax for the mere
right of transit over our own soil. Tbe
railroad company does not pay It. It
falls directly upon the producers whose
aoisfortune it is to live in a particular seo
tion, while all others are entirely free
It restricts the commerce of our own State,
and cripples the energies of our own peo
ple. Ohio and other western States can
pour into Pittsburg their mineral wealth
and produce, free from all such taxation;
but to be a citizen of Pennsylvania, and
engaged in converting her vast resource,
exposes one to tbe discrimination of our
laws against cur own trade. Tbat tbe
Senator from Allegheny should sustain a
policy so fatal to the thrift of his own
constituents, and 60 oppressive upon eve
ry one who seeks a market at his borne is
traly amazing. Tbat be should stand
opoo tbe loor of tbe Senate, speaking for
the eecoad city of the State, and demand
that all who would add to its wealth and
greatness by their trade, must pay a di
rect tribute if they transport upon oar
own Boil, while every other channel
is free, is Btrasgely incompatible, with
bis widespread and just reputation for whether it is not a fatal discrimination a
liberal and enlightened views. The gainst bis own city, and an onerous bur
principle cannot be 'justified save as an den upon every citizen of Pennsylvania
extreme measure for revenue; and if the wbo looks to bis home for a market? I
revenue were a necessity, it bould bo call upon him to answer whether it is not
collected with some degree of equality shackling our vast interest-, and binding
from all. A single branch of industry the energies of our people, wbo must pay
conducted by a few men. in a county near thi tax? Look at Pennsylvania I On
to tbis capital, pays over S25.000 annu- tbe north are two great trunk lines of
ally of tbis tax, and for what? For tbe railroad traversing tbo Empire state from
right to oarry the fruits of their energy her commercial emporium westward, tap
to the city of Pittsburg, there to compete pi.Dg the rich treasures of the Lakes, and
with tbe energy of other States wbo reach connecting also with a perfect net-work
the market without such imposition. I- this of railroads, all of which come laden with
equality in taxation ? Is it just? Is it
a wise policy fer Pennsylvania to pursue
towards her own enterprise T We have
vast natural advantages. We have a
population eminent for its industry and
thrift a people wbo have made the State
mighty in defiance of her liberal law; but
I submit whether the day has not come
when tbey shall be permitted to develop
the resources of the State without being
crippled by the strong arm of tho Gov-
eminent. Do you want revenue ? If so,
should it be imposed upon all branches of
our industry, or should it fall witb une-
qnal and crushing harshness upon those !
wbo develop your fair fields and exhaust-
less mines? This is the true position;
and I regret to Bee tho distinguished Sen-
ator from Allegheny bo far fortret tbe in-
terests of his own city and State as to de-
mand that a tax shall bo imposed upob
our iuternal commerce upon that which
has reared bis city into greatnesB, and
made his State an empire within herself
when in all the world besides has been a
bandoned. New York once taxed her commerce
and made it pay tribute to the State for
the privilege of enhancing tbe greatness
of the Commonwealth. She said by her
statutes there are vas-tcorporations; they
have abundant mean; our people mu-t
employ them, and tbey shall, therefore,
enrich tbe Treasury. But when Penn
sylvania opened a great trunk line, pier
cing tbe teeming bounty of tbo West,
and appeared as a competitor in tbe prai
rie marts of commerce, proposing to bring
its golden fruits to a rival State, and ber
seaport city. New Yotk did not hesitate
as to her policy. Her Legislature did
not tremble lest some narrow prejudice
should overthrow a small man here and
there. , Whenever our iron horse shriek
ed hi wild song over tbe Alleghenies,
New York treated it as a question of State
interest; aud although her Erie canal
runs parallel with her railroad, the tax
upon tonnage was promptly and uncon
ditionally repealed. She declared at once
tbat ber internal commerce should be
'reo; and thu- our natural advantages in
distance were destroyed, and fair compe
tition upon the part of Pennsylvania ren
dered impossible. Was New York right?
Look at her commerce to-day, and then
glance at ours. Tbe one advances with
the rapid progress of the country, tbe
other languishes in the midst of growing
greatnesseand multiplying wealth. And
why? Pennsylvania always her own
mot dangerous foe,' turns upon ber
own energies with suicidal hands by im-
posing unjust discriminations upon her
people while New York invites the wealth
of the continent to b r citizens by a gen
erous policy. New York could afford to
tax ber own commerce while she enjoyed
a monopoly in the means of transit; but
in U5i; when Pennsylvania, by a through
line unsurpassed by any other in the U-
raanhA nt fnr th wplth of the
U'""t m-vn-- .
W est, me rjiijpire otaie uusuaubieu uui
energies, and until now we have had an
unequal struggle because of our own il
liberality. We ask to day tbat it shall be stricken
off upon Wins amply protecting the rev
enue of the State, and making positive
provision for tne speedy payment of our
crushing debt; and we are answered that
wc are legislating for a corporation
When great States are struggling for the
commerce of a continent, and millions
have been invested by our own people to
make Pennsylvania second to no other
State in progressive prosperity instead of
craoting equality with rivals to our enter-
rise Senators Btand upon political or
'u ' w; nH in" it that we
other Dettv Dreiudices. and insist that we
m
must not cease to tax this corporation.
Such an argnment, if it may be so digni
fied, is unworthy of representative of an
enlightened people. The railroad never
paid tbis tax out of its treasury. It is
paid by every man wbo transports a bar
rel of flour, a sack of corn, a buBbel of
wheat, or a ton of iron, or any other of the
products of our industry, and itJs nothing
more or less than a direct tribute deman
ded by a State from its owd citizens for
the right to reach a hoae market. We
propose, oot that tbe railroad shall be re
lieved from it, but that our producers
shall cease to pay it until it may become
necessary, if ever, to impose it equally
upon all. We require by tbis.bill that
tbe railroad company shall reduce their
rates, from the present tariff, exactly the
amount of this tax; and whatever may be
the mutations of trade, thy can never
advance their charges. Who shall profit
by this change the railroad or tbe peo
nle I This is tbe correct, the truthful
view of the question of a tax upon ton
esuou ox -F-;--
.nage, and
rnfntfl it.
no senator u iieujuto
D .
iNO 006 nas vemu.eu m
that it is a wise commercial policy to im
pose this tax, and especially can no Sen
ator justify it when it is levied uneqaily.
I appeal to the distinguished Senator
from Allegheny, (Mr. PENNEY,) whether
thli restrfctiori is either jut or wise-
the offerings of a thousand channels of in
dustry. These lines are ail free from
commercial restrictions of every kind;
and tbe giant freight route has received
liberally of tbe bounty of tbe Empire
State to construct it. New York gave
four millions to complete the Erie Kail
road, and it has repaid that bounty
by pouring almost counties wealth into
tbe lap of her commerce; by rearing
cities and villages and golden fields where
there was but an unbroken wilderness be-
fore, and by adding two hundred millions
to the taxable property of tho State,
Turn further North, and you will find
that while tbe boasted liberal government
of tbe world has been quibbling with cor
porat enterprise, England has stretched
out her strong arm, and is now a most
dangerous competitor for tho commerce
of the West. She has conducted a trunk
line from Montreal along the St. Law -
rence, tapping all tbe Lakes, and run
ning into Detroit and Chicago, tho heart
of Western wealth, and she will there give ' State; my constituents want the fruits of Uhe lobby? I regret that the Senator
you a bill of lading clear through to Liv- j your energy to enrich them; but. while to from Northumberland has not profited by
erpool. She can take the produce of the the citizens of otber States our capitalists tbe precepts of one who, in all kindness
West to Montreal, thenco to Portland, have opened free avenues of transporta .permit me to say, was competent to ad
and tbenco to Europe, almost if not quite tion, every Pennsylvauian mut pay an vise him competent also to teach him
for tho Rfmp flnsr. Hint nnr direct routes uneoual tribute before be enters there." that men are not to be arraigned as faith-
can carry it. Why ? Because when
England saw New York taxing ber cor-
porate wealth, and Pennsylvania taxing
both associated wealth and tonnage, sho
constructed tbe Canada line without im-
posing a tax of any kind, not even upon
rfljil flufnfn rnllirnT stonlv. bonda or anv-
thing else. Turn South of us, and tbo
Baltimore and Ohio winds its tortuous
J n j
path over the Blue Ridge and Alleghenies,
and returns to tho third commercial city
of the Union laden with the produce of
the West. No illiberal State enactment
demands that it must pay tribute to the
treasury of Maryland for every ton of
goods it can bring within the State, or that
eery citizen of Maryland who develops
a field or a mine, or rears a factory, shall
nav taxes to the Stato for the privilege of
going to a home market. In tho ceatre
of thfse competing routes stands Penn
sylvania In agricultural wealth second
to none of her rival State, and greatly
surpassing them in the richness and boun
ty of her mioerals with vast natural ad
vantages in distance in competing for tho
commerce of the West, and witb tbe sec
ond city of the Union reared on our At
coa8t. we interpose illiberal legisla-
t'on and declare that the advantages be-
stowed on us by a ben ficent Creator shall
be more than wasted by an unequal tax
Pn the thrift of our own people. e
adhere to tbis policy again-t the judgment
of tbe civilized world, against all the in-
terests of indu-trial progress and against
all the lights of experience and reason
Why does not England impose a. tax up-
on "her tonnage in Canada? Why does
New York gather million from her two
great trunk lines by a similar tax ? Why
does not Maryland enrich her treasury in
., o: 11 ..1,1
UH BilulU WitV J, UIUIUII uciiouivi i livu.v.
be paralyzingtheir own energies, waging
their rospectivo commercial ad .antages,
and unequally taxing their own produ-
oers.
Certainly the time has come when
Pennsylvania should take broad and lib-
eral wiews of this question. If it were an
iaue affeoting only the railroad corpora-
tion, proposing to relievo it ana transfer
the burdens to tho people.I should go
hand in band with the Senator from Alle-
gbeny; I should resist the mea-ure with
all tbe energy ana leeme po-er i possess,
1 ' wi 1
WOen 10,9 ia ,H "ro". wlluBia".u6
inequality, upon our own citizens, crip-
, pHng our ou energies, and making every
. evidence ot tbr.lt pay tribute as it passes
from our mines and fields and factories
to our emporium of trade, 1 say it is
wrong, fatally wrong, to our people and
f nnr nnmmprcfl Much ih the de l bcrato
I . t- - I : rf
VI VV
JUagUJttUk Ol aU OVerWUOUUIUg mujunkj ui
thi Snnatfl. and L know that oanv aamit
the wisdom of, the policy who bow before the plundering of our treasury by a swarm eCient3 t0 th6 -State, and have a Ca
Darrow prejudices, and will record their of vampyres under the Canal Board,- he , Jj jjoar(j wjth its horde of plunderers
.otes against it. It is not for me to woulcf give the power of his official posi-1 runnin riot 0Q thonit wouij be regarded
question the propriety of thus discharging
.. i -f t 11 k., Cnr
tne soiemu uuty u i logimuvui, uy
my..lf. knowing that the measure is in
accordance with tho progress of the age
just, and even liberal to the State, and
Inaugurating tbe freedom of our internal
commerce, and tbe equality of taxation,
I hesitate not to vindicate it, feeling fully
assured tbat it-will stand the te-t of time.
It is a meaure tbat will be commended
by tbe intelligent judgment of all parties
and all sootions, when the prejudices of
the day, with tbe men who bowed to tbem,
shall bavo passed into forgetfulness.
Then will our natural advantages, unre
stricted bv uneoual laws, rapidly multi-
I , 0Qr ' riJ wealth, pbUadelpbia will
, r- ' , - -, .j:v.
then receive her ust reward for her lib-
, . . - , . rj. . n . h
U IH I UOVUIUpiUUUIl Ul ui 1 -
commerce gathers the choicest fruit of
our Western Empires; and our aoigbty
Commonwealth will stand side by side
with New York and Maryland, Vith her
j energy unshackled, her resources uore-
strioted, her house market free to all, and
her growing greatness surpassing all her
rivals. The people of Allegheny will
then cease to tremble at the' name of a
corporation, when, in spite 01 ner Ciena-
. . t . i
me cApauuiug imrruaia ui uur icau-
ing city shall be advanced by giving her
fK j . c i .1
iuu pmuuuis ui our uwu euierjiiise, ud iub
nauiu terms sue receives iuu weaun 01 uuu pujuieut to tue otaio. 11 is virtually
Ohio and other States. I am williug a tax upon the trade and commerce of
that ber people shall judgo between her tbo Commonwealth, and upon the coca
confcssedly able but, as I believe, il Ii ber- merce of other States whoe productions
al Senator and myself; and with them a- seek an Eastern market over tbis road;
lone, deep-seated as may now be their and thus, by inoreasing the rate of char
prejudices, I would be content to trust ges and tbo cont of tran-por-tation, the
the complete vindication of tho vote I produce of tbe West is forced upon the
shall cat on this momentous issue. competing railroads of other States, and
I i-ubmit. sir, whether these are not to other market-than our own. The nc
vi'ews becoming men representing a great cessity that required this tax. as regards
Commonwealth. Tbey may not suit fouie the Commonwealth nd her lmprove-
convictions created by local interests, or
It.
local struggles, or looni hatreds; tut they
are just, and to justice all our prejudices It should be the policy of the State to in- out 0f jt oas been tbe habjt of our
mut yield at last. We should remember vite tho transmission of the products of mothers and grandmothers to provide
tbat we are legislating for a State teem- other States through her territory, to her ! themselves with such herbs as tradition
ing with fceauty and richness, and for a own markets, and therefore, tbe proprio or nse havp con(Jercd beneficial, and to
pi-ople who are pleading to their local ty of relieving the trade and business of j administer them upon all suppocd need
General Governments for tbe privilege. of the Commonwealth and country from tbisfu occasions. Most of us will remember
developing our greatness. lbey ask
.1.1 , 1
mai wnen tncir inuury nas maae a new
field to bloom, or a new mine to give forth
its wealth, they shall have the right of
, transit over their own thoroughfare to
their home market, without an arbitrary,
and, at time, a prohibitory tax beini im-
! posed on them. But the Senator fronu
Allegheny answers practically: "1 rep -
resent the eecond coiumoreial city of the
The question was then further dis-
ou-ed in opposition to the bill by Mes-
ers. Penney, Mott and Bound
Mr. M'CLURE. Perhaps a word of
explanation is due to myself, as well as a
word of admonition to theSenator from
Northumberland. ("Mr. Bound.) It is
charged by that impetuous Senator that;'qual and onerous restriction upon our own
this principle ot unrestrained commerce
is but an invention to plunder the Stuto,
and imposenew burdens upon the people.
Ho seems to have brought to tbe benate
all tho ardor, and only too much of tbe
recklessness, of the stump; and when he
sweeps such indiscriminate denunciation
upon all who happen to be more liberal
than himspjf, I think it well to remind
him how "harshly his own words will
sound, when be sees the full extent of
their aim. I beg to remind him that the
removal of tne tax upon tonnage is not a
novel dootrine. It is taugbt by every
State to dav but our own, and it has been
urged upon Pennsylvania by many of our
best men
I remember, sir, that six years ago
there was a man presiding over the desti
. j. . -, i . i r jt
nies or this uommoaweaitn, couiussuuijr
pure in purpose, irreproachably honest in
all bis acts, and a man whose wise states-
manship and intimate familiarity witb all
qUestionsof State policy, made him second
t0 none in our Commonwealth. Uuder
his Administration, a bill was passed for
the sale of the main line of our public
improvements, to which he gave his
prompt and cordial approval. When, in
pursuance of tbe law, be exposed tho
maio line to sale, one of the canal com-
migsioners, slow to surrender so nob a
channel of peculation, bad tested the con-
stitutiooality of tho act, and one of its
I J I A 1 1 ,.nn.t t.
Hummus UUU uvcu ubhuivu uuwuu.t.
tional. That section repealed the tax up -
0D tonDage in case the Pennsylvania Rail-
road Company became tbe purchaser, at
' one and a half millions core than
maxium price to otber purchasers.
the
To this tbe Supreme Court did "not in
torpose any objection; but tbe section
went so far as to release the railroad com
paDy from all taxes upon its property ior
State purposes, and on this point tbe sec -
tion was declared null and void, and'
think, very properly. The works wore
.1 IT . I . v- tf.L.nliin
tben onereu lor sa.e uy mo
wituour me ngui u
der tho bill, and tho railroad company
refused to become the purchaser. U is
weil known that no man or assoc.uuuu
0f men, except the Pennsylvania Av-uMj, lho Baai0 Br,MiDJPUt, we bave heard
road company, could or would buy the to-night. Impending ruin was pictured
1 main line tor 87,500,000. The Execu-j tfae jSQal of tfao genator from
tier, therefore: jrave nis nieuge 10 me
I O
OUUjpuujr luut it nauuuiu v jyv..
.. if it I, r r I A tlmnnin Ihn lir
r
chaser ot the main line, anu mus
arrest
( tion in favor ot the repeal oi too lounage
I fnr inasmuch as bv the sale of OUT UU
, rf
! provemcnts, tho necesS.ty that created
the youthful Senator from
land.
Pollock
the tonnage
sao, and he took precisely the samoviow
sage, and be toolt precisely tne samo I0W
of the question that I have taLento
nigbt-a view wuicn every
uuuu
claims to
bave a liberal anu enuguteucu .
appreciation of the intere-t of Pennsylva
nia sho uld take to-day, and which, in a
Senator from Northum
berland Would blush 'to dispute. I read
from Governor Pollock's annual message
of January 6, I5S ,
Tlift law incorooratmir
the Pennsvl
Tiillrnnrl (Inmnnnv im nosed a tax
of three mills per mile per too on all
inuiu r j I
II ton-
equif-
mes of
nage passing over that road, as an
aJent forany decrease in tho revenues
M 1 . . I-
llUIIUUUJUlil
Irue to tbat pleUge, governor j oomajorce and our induhtry, Pepn-";,. devoted to tbe .ucaess of his
strongly urged tbe removal of wl 8Uod forth among the States i'L. Tr i. in.iL (nsv
tax, in bis next annual mes- - , nmiffidera0 with bor mil?htv ener. "r'fu, r Ji .u. n a: a
the Commonwealth that might arise from
the anticipated competition of the roat
with the business of tbe main line of the
public improvements. This tax is not
t . . .
impo-ea upon toe Uorrpany, but upon uie
luuuau, uuu ia paiu uy me owuura 01 "e,tnose root,f herbs or Other restoratives
freight transported over tbe road, tbei icBCC had unction. d, for the relief
: . . n.: ' .
cuuipuuj uuiiug us agents in us cone cuuu
ments, has ceased. Its continuance can!
i r
only oejustmea as a revenue measure
tax upon it is respcctlully suDmittca lor
?1 l! II 1
your consiueraiion.
lhus did be redeem his plighted tan?
to tho purchaser of tho Main Line. True,
he was in advance of the sentiment of tbe
State, or rather, he aroj-e above the pre
judices of a large portion of tbe people;
, but because ho proposed an
enlightened
; and just policy, was it said tbat no was
,the creature of a corporation, or a too! of
less to tbe State because tbey choose to
advance while he prefers to stand still
Gov. Pollock did not adopt bis views
hastily. Ho did so after mature deliber
ation, and bis faith to the purchaser of
the public works was but tbo offspring of
a settled conviction that it was an une
people; that it was a tax upon
commerce, and a dUcrimination
our own.
in favor
of rival States and rival
cities; and be
asked tbat Pennsylvania should cease to
paralyze herself should withhold ber
strong arm from suicidal blows upon her
own industry.
Equally fallacious i the assumption ol
tbe Senator from Northumberland, that
the company is to pocket tbe accrued tax.
It has been collected wrongfully, and af
tr the State had enacted its repeal.
The company have litigated it, and it is
still in litigation; and as to the tax .on
tbrou
h freight, I think it clearly uncoo
etitutional. Tbo company does not pro
pose to put it into its own coffers. Tbe
bill before us appropriates it to the com
pletion of certain railroads leading to the
main line of the road, and I think very
properly. It proposes to refund it to the
very people who have paid it, by opening
new channels for tbe development of their
wealth. This money ha been taken from
them unjustly, after the faith of the State
was virtually given that it should cease;
and it can be returned to them in no way
so equally and ju-tly as by opening ave
nues of transportation, which enhance the
general prosperity of the whole communi-
Sir, as I have before said, in the couro
of the debate tbis evening, there are not
five Senators on this floor who pretend to
Mutifv a tax uoon tonnane. I put the
w - , , rj ,
! q-jn . d,.rect,J !? tbp6 Tr-h.rhTi,
from Allegheny, (Mr. Penny,) whether -it
"u a 2 J V'a "a
ho has not ventured to answer. .Indeed,
this maio point, the very heart of the is
sue, has been studiously evaded by tbe
Senators wbo resist the repeal. They
threaten ns with a depleted trea-ury and
(increased taxes, evidently unmindful of
bQ fac( thafc thQ sala of tbo Main
1 Ljue .jq l85? wjj bay0 faad Q0 revcnue
WUatejer from this tax for its payment
resialed 0Q j , rounds and
t we havo DCVer before in the same time
'
paid half so much of the State debt, and
i ur gtat0 t-xoi have bcen rcduced t0 Uo
, a
T , f . . wag .gtcd
Northumberland; but what does the hi.-to-
i m i
rv ot your year- teacui lue man now
r
who should propose to restoro the
tin-
inBan) be nainc 0f qov pQUock
.,, , , . , t ,
W1U 0e cucn-uuu uy uui i.wbu.,
t - R , bl beIlefattors for dh. .
faith of that measure shall reacji fruition,
UDflbaoUledf aecond t0 Uone !n preat
Hurpa8sinall in interflal wealtb
i ..... .. . : .. i .. i
and aubstuntiul prosperity.
t, tSyThe
'State of Matiimony'' is ono
- f thn-TTnited -Statoe.
It is bounded by
8 riqg 0D ouo 8ido an.d a, cradle on tho
otuer7 jhu dilate is sultry till you pass
tbc tropics of housekeeping, when squally
- wenthcr sots in WUU sucu power us
as
keen all bauds
as cooi as
cucumbers.
r
For the principal roads leading to this in-
teretin state,. consult tho firat pair of
black eJeB y ou ruu against. s
" V, bv removing me uniusi re-iricnoas upou;, , , , . :rt n,;Mfi Krtu Pn i vnrrl
From the Watertown Reformer.
The oldest medical practice that of
the family. Long before doctors or even
i priest" were known as practitioners, tbe
maje or femalc head of tfae ,ami!i aN5ied
: f b s ckness as appeared amone its
members. Then, for a long succession of
generations, tbe offices of priest. and phy
sician were united in the samo person,
aud he who offered prayers for the good
of tbe oui likewise administered for the
good of the body. In the farther division
of labor by the advance of society, doc
tors at length became invested with tbe
business ol attendance upon the sick.
Yet all this time the original and natural
protectors of the sick, the heads of the
family, did not relinquish thier claims nor
cease to provide for the restoration and
I m
recovery of its disabled members. Time
uot witiloat oiue inward Qualtus. the fre
. -
quent taking of boneset anu catnip, or
mint and oocifrey, wherewith, in days
long pone, our mothers corrected -the
small ills of childhood, and some of us
may tastc to this day the castor oil then
on occa-ions so freely applied.
In later years varios devices bave been
invented, with a view of enabling parents
more conveniently and successfully to ad
minister for a family. But none of these
became by any means popular until the
advent of the comparatively new system
of Homeopathy. This system, discarding
at onco the bleeding, blistering, and en
tire revulsive means so long in vo"ue, and
admini-tering all medicines in the form
of tasteles.4 sugar pills or powders, ren
dered it easy to give medicines without
danger, if not witb relief, and toon its
boxes and books for domestic practice
were in very gene'ral use.
But, however plausible in theory, these
boxes aud books were found to be not
without difficulty in practice. 'According
to the usual forms of Homeopathy, but a'
single remedy could not be used at once,
and each for only a liaJted number of
symptoms occurring in tach disease, so
that id order to meet tbe apparent wants
of a family, some forty or sixty medicines
were required; and to explain the Ui-e of
these a volume of 600 or 600 pages was
necessary, and often twenty, and even as
high as forty remedies were mentioned
for the cure of each disease, or even sim
ple ailtrent. The inquirerconsequcntly
found himself bewildered on the multipli
city of remedies and symptoms, and ulti
mately either gave up in despair, or more
commonly took some one or more reme
dies at hazard. Yet some persons, having
a taste for this kind of investigation, bavo
Ions used, and with some considerable ad
vantage, this form of medicine.
Some few years ago, Dr. Humphreys,
then Professor of theory and Practice at
tbe Homeopathic Medical College, of
Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, instituted
a series of experiments with a view of do
vising a shorter aud simpler way of cu
ring with Homeopathic medicines. Dis
carding the old notions of the school, he
sought, by a combination of the more tried
and approved remedies, to form a specific
for each particular disease or ailment.
His experiments resulted in the discovery
of a Law of Combination through which
he was enabled to prepare specifics for all
the simpler and more common forms of
disease. Thus be bas specifics for Fevers,
Hcadaobes, Dysentery, Dy-pepsia, Piles,
Catarrh. Fever and Asrue, and other sim
ilar daily occurring affections. These he
throws together into asaall chest, and ac
ccompanics tbem with a concise little man
ual of directions for administering tbe
medicines, and a short sketch aud symp
toms of tbe disease treated. Nothing can
be simpler than his entire system; and if
we can believe even a small part of tbe
testimony given in their tavor.'by. those
who u-e theni, no mediciuos can be more
efficacious. Indeed the Professor contends
with apparent sincerity and earnestness,
that his cooibinatio.ns po.-sesess, curative
powers beyond those of the simples, even
under the best possible sy-tom of admin
istration. There is force in this, for we
know that corotinatinns of old school
medicines ar far more efficient as cura
tive agents than the simple remedie-; and
it is surprising tbat the Homeopatbists
bad not ago longavailcd ihemselvos of tho
apparently simple expedient adapted
by Profe-sor Humphreys. Prof IL,
however, has peculiar faoulties. Irom bis
. nmpticfl and intimate aerjuaiu-
teusive pract ce and inti nr aquain
1 fs Qe RyAem of ..peciGcs, and- be has
nJinlvrflSUlt.-i
; inlcn,ified cfforts of a se ener t.
j ed tQ OQ0 objecLfc But n
in a limited-space of time, Humphreys'
'Specifies have become almost household.
words, and are fast shaping tbe views and
practice of largo numbers of our people.
The practice of medicine seems thus likely
torQturnioimoreprimutvechanDeis.ana
the father or mother again to be invested
uu w mi ui iy im w?uv
cess and economy both plead urgeiitly fo
the-jr.etoratiou ot the acient practice, and
so sjrMnjsful has it proved Hut, those who
h.ppted if will uot bo likely to xo