ibHjw. 'i ji i
IDcudtci in politics, literature, Agriculture, Stizixtt, illoraliti, anb ntcral intelligence.
VOL is.
STROUDSBURG, MONEOE COUNTY, PA. SEPTEMBER 15, IS59.
NO
U.liallii i. w .ji .1 li 111 ii.'J..L 'J LI'. 1. . . n ! .Jg.'
iii mi urn 1 immMimiiii ni i i n , - . .
PuMisflCd by Theodore ScllOCh.
.1-ERMS.-TwodoU.irs per annum in advance-Two
dollars and a quarter, half yearly and if not paid be
fore Ihe end of the vcar, Two dollars and a half.
No papers discontinued until all arrearages rc paid,
"SXMSASS (ton iines)or ,,
bne orlhree insertions, $1 "0. Each additional inser
tiont 25 cents. Longer ones in proportion.
" .
JOB PRIWTIKG.
liavini; a general assortment of largf, plain and or
namental Type, we are prepared to execute every de
scriplion of
Cards, Circulars, 1MU Heads. Notes, Blank Receipts,
Justices, Legal and other Ulnnks, Pamphlets. &c, prin
ted with neatness and despatch, on reasonable terms
at this office.
J. Q.
DUCKWORTH. JOHN IIAYN.
To Country j&calcrs.
DUCKWORTH & IIAYN,
WHOLUSALE DEALERS IN
groceries, Provisions, Liquors. &c.
No. 80 Dey street, New York. c"e i" huu wpreirea
June 16 1859. ly. UDltec' U0P tua erc 'onoi Dy tue Pro"
cess of gradual emancipation, it would
. , V (disappear from the Union. They ex-
To ilia People of Pennsylvania: j preSsiy fixed a time after which, under
The State Commttcc appointed by the the legislation of Congress, tho importa
Cpnvcntion of Delegates representing the ' tion of slaves should bo prohibited, and
People's Party of this Commonwealth, Congress, acting in accordance with the
which met at Ilarrisburg on the 9th day universal sense of tho civilized world,
of June last, make this respectful ad-; placed the brand of piracy upon the in
dress to you on the condition of the pub- I human African Slave Trade. "4 Pursuing
lie affairs of the Country, and the ques
tions which invite your deliberate con
sideration in view of the approaching an
nual election. The Ballot box it the in
strument through which the People exer
cise their sovereignty over the govern
ments of the State and Uuion; and every
recurrence of an opportunity for them
to employ this power, and di-charge the
correlative duty which it involve, is an
occasion which calls them to a careful
examination of the course of conduct of
those to whom they have deputed official
functions, and to a determination respect
ing the principles and measures which
should be recognized aud adopted iu the
administration of their republican institu
tions. These repose for their safety on
the vigilant superv.-iion of tbc people for
whose benefit, and by whose authority,
they have been established, acd unless
the popular masses exercise over them a
constant watch and care, they are liable
to be perverted in the hands of self-seeking
and unfaithful agents, to the baso u-
.j . l
ses 01 private auvauiagu, or usuieiy par
tisan, and even corrupt designs. Protec
tion is the great purpose for which gov
ernments are instituted. When men re
sign a part'.of their natural liberty, and
enter into a compact, it l that they may
more fully secure the rights and privileges
State. It becomes, therefore, the firt
duty of those who are charged with the
administration of government, to guard
the right-, protect the interests, and pro
mote the welfare of the great body of
citizens. Happily relieved by the achieve
ments of our ancestors from the oppres
sion of crowned monarcbs professing to
rule by divine right, and from the impo
fition of privileged elates, the people of
this country, occupying a posittnu of c
quality before the law, have the rijbt to
require that the government of their own
institution shall be adwiuUtered with a
single reference to their advantage and
benefit.
The first Settlers of America, for the
most part exiles from their respective na
tive countries, who sought an asylumn in
this, then western wildtrness, in order
that they might enjoy the religious and
civil liberties which were denied to them
at home poor in circumstances, aud
strong only in their devotion to the fun
damental rights of bumanitv. which were ;
afterwards- so gloriously vindicated amid j lion of lne "Democratic" administration
the toils and sufferings, sud on the battle- at Washington. In 1P56, in order to re
fields of the Revolution, founded here a j lieve itself of a part of the odium which
civilized and christain state, in tho midst il was compelled to bear on account of
of hostile savages, and subdued the for
est and wasto places to cultivation, by
the strong arm of manuel labor, and the
iudutrv of freemen then was, and al-
ways has continued to be, the great pri- , l ieafal 01 DeIDg a personal participant
mary interest of the people of this coun- ! in tDe acts of u5s predecessors; and in ac
try the basis of its prosperity, and the cordance with a predetermined policy of
only firm column on which cur popular : deception which was to be pursued dur-
institutions rest for support. It it this 5ng t,,e canvass, Mr. Buchanan, at once,
which has not only filled the fertile val- bound himself by the most solemn wrifc
lie?, crowned the verdant hilis and a- , len pledges not to bo an accomplice in
domed the rugged slope of forest, cover- further violations of the rights of the
ed mountains with the happy homes of majority, but to submit to tho fair and
a rapidly increasing population; but uncontrolled determination of the People
spreading over the prairie, crossing the of Kansas themselves the decision of the
majestic rivers, and scaling the summits question whether sho should come into
of heights and peaks clothed in perpetual Union as a free or slavo State. This
Bnow,bas extended the boundaries of the was tue burthen of all the speeches of
Republic to the margin of the groat Pa- of bis advocates, the printed addresses of
cific Ocean, and established there com- tue Party committees tho editorial deo-
munities of free men who proudly add larations of the "Democratic" press.-
the now stars of sovereign State to the veB ia u3 inaugural address, the same
constellation which adorns the American profession was made, and in the instruc-
tflag, and gladly tharc in all the bless- tioDS gven to his selected Govenor of
ings and liberties which our political in- Kansas it was reiterated. But this would
etitutions, if administered in their true bare been fatal to tho designs of those
Bpirit, and on their real principles, confer wuo were determined to fix slavery upon
to an extent which no other governmen- Kansas, and the policy thus repeatedly
tal forms have ever bestowed upon those avowed was abandoned with sudden and
who lived under them. There has, how- indecent haste.
ever, always been an interest which has The most strenuous efforts were made,
arrayed itself in opposition to free labor; and Presidential influence was brought
and of late years it hat acquired anas- to bear with its utmost power, in the
cendancy in the council, and over the multiplied forms of patronage, to force
action of that party, which has, without through Congress, impose upon tho peo-
just title, usurped the name of "Demo- p!e of Kansas against their will, the fic-
eratic," and by its co operation been en- titious instrument concocted by the coo
abled to obtain a control over the policy spirators against popular rights in the
of the Government, which has been inioi- Territory, at Lecompton, for the purpose
ical to, and subversive of, the welfare and of giving slavery a recognized position,
prosperity of the productive iudustry of and tyiug the hands of the majority in
freemen. This hostility finds its root and their efforts to rid themselves of a system
itsinducement in tho system of hereditary which they regarded as irreconcilable
: ngro slavery. We do not question tho
sovereign rights of the states in which
tills anomalous and exceptional kind of
T , . i j i .
ljabor exists, to maintain and perpetuate
8 Xhoj aco proper. With
that Wo have nothing to do no right to
, ;.f, r.' fi, i
interfere, lurtner tnan the mere expres-1
sion of opinion extends. But when that
' system becomes aggressive, and insists
upon establishing itself upon the virgin
: soil of our free territories, even against
the will of the majority of the resident
population, we bold it to be botb a right
and a duty to prevent.it.
1 The wise, eulightencd, and far seeing
patriots and statesmen who framed our
institutions Washington, Madison and
; Jefferson in the south, as well as Frank
! lin, Ilarailton and King in tho North
! all regarded slavery as ao e.vil. They
refused to pem-it tho word to appear in
the same policy, Congress, from time to
time and without question of its Constitu
tional power, in establishing governments
over the Territories of the Union as the
gradual advance of settlement required
them, by whatever means of cession or
purchase those territories were acquired,
up to the organization of Oregon in 1848
under the Presidency of Mr. Polk, ex
pressly enacted that involuntary servi
tude, except for crime, should not be
permitted in them, and with the agree
ment of Mr. Monroe and bis Cabinet, in
cluding such southern men as Calhoun,
Crawford and Wirt, and of a Congress
where Clay, Pinkney, and other most
enlightened statesman were oonspicipus,
fixed a geographical line which was
thenceforth to define the nothern bound
ary of slavery, and which received the
long subsequent recognition of the Gov
ernment in terms of the compactby which
Texas became an integral part of the
Union. It was not until the Territory of
Kansas, which had been solmenly set a
part for free labor by the Missouri Com
promise, having passed through the try
ing ordeal of a Territorial condition in,
tho exerci-e of rights which had received
frequent Congressional recognitions, pre
sented a Constitution of Government and
applied for admission as a State into the
Union, that whatever may have been the
theoretical declarations of ultra South
ern propagandists of slavery any practi
cal attempt was made to overthrow this
established policy of the Government for
tified by so many coucurring precedent?,
to the authority of which all parts of the
Union were bound by the action of their
representatives.
An effort like this both to overthrow
established principles, and to suppress the
voice of a majority of the people of Kan
fas, was accoinpained, of course, by a
series of out rages, unexampled in the his
tory of the country. The ballot box was
polluted with fraud, and corrupted by
violence. The right of free election was
denied to the people. The residents
were overawed by invasions of armed
men, "who employed arson, robbery, and
even murder to impose slavery upon the
Territory, aud their forcible and fradu
lent proceedings were recognized as legit
imate expression of the popular will by
the Territorial authorities acting under
the Commission, and with the approba-
these atrocious proceedings, the Demo
cratic party nominated a condidate for
president, whose absence from the coun-
try discharged him from the imputation,
with their interests and prosperity. Foil
ed in this, the administration neverthe
less succeeded, by working on the easy
virtue of members, whose resistance
yielded to the blandishments and promi
ises of the dispensers of official favors, in
forcing through Congress a modified plan
by which tho people of Kansas were ap
proached with a bribe in one had, and
a penalty in the other instant admission
as a state, if they would consent to the
introduction of slavery; but a continued
condition of territorial pupilage, should
spurn the offer, until officers appointed
by their oppressors should certify that
they constituted a population at leant dou
ble that required in the case of Oregon,
in the hope that they would be fatigued
into submission. But, thanks to the in
domitable spirit of the American People!
the residents of Kansas have stood firm
in the vindication of their rights, and by
the cause of free labor, and heedless of
government prohibitions, have formed a
constitution in accordance with the known
will of the majority on this great ques
tion. Of course, "the Democratic party"
as identified with the administration, in
accordanre with tho policy of its chief?,
and the dictation of Southern propagan
dists, have resisted this action of tho ma
jority; and intimations are now given
that the admission of Kansas shall still be
opposed and prevented as a punishment
for the persistent devotion of her people
to Freedom. Shall not the voice of Penn
sylvania the proud proof of the mighty
energies of the Industry of her freemen
in building up a happy, powerful and in
telligent Commonwealth be beard in
thunder-tones of rebuke of that obstruc
tive disposition and polioy, which deny
the soundness of those pripciples on which
her institutions are founded, and in effect
refused to the majority of the people the
right to frame their own Cnnstitutions of
Government, unless they incorporate in
it a provision which shall establish slave
ry permanently among themT Will Bhe
not vindicate the right of her own sons
to go in and possess these new territories,
and establish there the dominion of Free
Labor which has wrought out her own
solid prosperity, and has established her
as the firm and unshaken Keystone of the
Federal Arch!
Not content with this effort to over
throw the interests of free labor in Kan
sas, southern propagandists of slavery
make still further requisitions on the
yielding disposition of that olass of poli
ticians in the North who have hitherto
lent themselves to the furtherance of their
demands. It fa now seriously required
by them that Congress shall intervene in
the afairs of the Territories, should the
people there refuse by their legislation to
make special provicioDS in favor of slave
ry, by enactiug a codo for the protection
of that "peculiar institution," and thus
coerce by federal power tho majority to
submit to its establishment and perpetu
ation among them. These men insisted
that while Congress has the right to ex
clude, it is its bounden duty to sustain
every effort to introduce slavo labor into
tbc Territories and we find tho Adminis
tration "Democratic party" in Pennsyl
vania, by the resolutions of its State Con
vention and tho address of its State Com
mittee, fully agreeing to this doctrine,
and conceding the propriety and duty of
its practical enforcement by Congress.
This is the issue made and presented by
those who control the ''Democratic" po
litics of tbc South, and ooncurcd in by
their allies in this great and free com
monwealth. At the demand of this dec
tatorial spirit, tho Territories of the Union
are to become, in substance and in fact,
closed against tho entrance of the eons of
the people of Pennsylvania, who by the
labor of their own hands, would subdue
them to the condition of cultivated and
prosperous States, and handed over to
the thriftless labor of negro slaves, which
blights whatever it touches, and reduces
soils of natural fertility to tho condition
of barren wastes. Thus the great inher
itance which we have received, and which
might bo made the dwelling place of a
dense population, situated in the midst of
plenty and constantly growing in its ca
pacity for production, it is to be swept
over by a system of enforced labor, and
exhausted by a few tillages, then to be
thrown out in common and abandoned,
because it will no longer yield a support
to its prodigal proprietors. This has
been the history of not a few of tho
Southern States, for tho stately homes
of proud proprietors which once stood- in
the midst of vast possessions aro now
ruinous or razed to the foundation, and
even the churches of God Ho waste, tho
descendants of the dwellers and worship
ers being scattered far and wide, and the
exhausted lands, returned to the condi
tion of primitive forests, or lying fallow
and desolate in otter unfruitfulness.
Such are the results of the system which
claims the superior and exclusive right
to the proprietorship of our Territories as
against the labor of American freeman,
which conquers the natural wilderness
improves upon the bounties of Providence,
and from generation to generation in
creases the products of the soil adds to
tho natural wealth, and sustains a popu
lation continually becoming .more nu
merous, more enlightened, and more ca
pable of,faithfully and intelligently dis
charging the duties of citizenship in a re
public. Are you, the people of Pennsylvania,
willing to accede to a demandfmade on
behalf of slavo labor, which thus deprives
your descendants of the right to intro- ven the groat foundation interests of ad
duce their industry into tho Territories riculturo suffer in tho general otagnation
of the Union, and become freeholders of business and contraction of prices and
there, unless they will consent to degrade scarcity of money, but the reveuues of the
themselves to a level of equality with tho Treasury fell off in rapid diminution, aud
negro slave I Are you willing that the the government which had just been pay
powers of the Government shall be per- ing a high premium for its own boods,
verted from the great purpose of promo- was compelled to throw its notes on tho
ting the interests of Freedom, to a tub- market to raise the means of dofraying
servience to tho base uses of slavery? its ordinary expenses, and in a time of
Are you willing that theso vast Territories profound peace, to contract a new nation-
the munificent gift of a bounteous Prov- i al funded debt. This has been the recent
idence by us to be dressed and kept experience of the country, and at this mo
shall be sacrificed to the exactions of sla- ment the people are suffering from tho
very, and thus forfeit the Eden of beauty practical consequences of tho injurious
and fertility which has been committed policy of their public servants. Pennsyl
to us, in trust, for the benefit of posteri- vania has witnessed, during the last two
ty and of mankind! The requirement years, the most disastrous sacrifices of the
of the passage of a slave code for tho Tor-' property of her people, and the most de
ritorics by Congress is now boldly put pressed condition of her great industrial
forth, and has received the recognition of interests. Valuable properties have beeu
that largo division of "theDemocratic par- brought to the block of foroed sales, and
ty" which adheres to the Administration at no time have sheriffs and other exccu-
in this State and elsewhere. It is an is-jtive officers of the law reaped such abun
sue which must be met, and it is for you dant harvests of fees, while productive la
to declare at the polls your deoision upon bor has stood idle and looked on helpless, '
it. You cannot oppose it, and at tho .at the sacrifice of hard-earned possessions
same timo support the so-styled "Demo- passing from the grasp of the toiling hand
oratio Ticket" in Pennsylvania. Embol- J that gave them all tbeir value, for mere ,
dened by the ready submission which has nominal prices, into the ownership of cap
been yielded to all their demands by the itailats and speculators, most of whore;
Administration Democratic, party, and j means were wrung from the very men,
resolute in their determination to crush, whom they were thus dooming to house
out free labor wherever it can come into less poverty. What more melancholly
competition with their own hostile system, j sight than this can be presented, and bow j
the propagandists of slavery have actual-(doubly bitter must the experience be to!
ly determined to take the still further the sufferor when he reflects that the cru- (
step of re-opening the African Slave! el policy of the rulers of his country,'
Trade, and have already introduced into 'whom his own vote may have assisted to!
iuo uuuutrjf curguus ui savage uugrous, kui paa ui tuuucuuii uuu puwui, uas
smuggled across the ocean, and now held struck the blow under which he has fall
to compulsory service on the rice, sugar en I The entire commercial transactions
and cotton fields of tho South. The point of the country provo how madlv we
has arrived at which in the path of re -
trogrossion which has been taken from tho
position of the framers of our Institutions
on Slavery and its cognate questions, men j
are found who boldly justify the infamous
trafio in human flesh, which was prohib-
ited half a century ago by an American
Congress, visited with the penalties of pi-1
racy, and stigmatized in tho estimation of!
the whole civilized and christian world
as 'the sum of all iniquities.' Leading
men in the Southern States, high in the
confidence of the "Democratic party,"
and holding elevated and public trusts,'
are heard proudly demanding that Con
gress shall repeal the punishments provi
ded for those who introduce slaves from
Afrioa, and "Democratic" State Conven
tions unite in the demand. Southern
Courts and Juries refuse to punish the
pirates when arrested and indicted, and
the National Administration is either im
potent or unwilling to intercept their ves
sels on the sea, or secure the arrest and
conviction of the offenders after they have
landed their cargo, and received the wa
ges of their crime. It is insisted that the
South must have an increase of slaves in
order to enable her to contest the point
of supremacy with free labor in the Ter
ritories; and to plant new Slave States to
bo admitted into the Union to prevent the
Free States from gaining a complete as
cendency. The battle which has been
waged between tho two repugnant sys-
terns of labor, always to the disadvantage
of Freedom, who has been deserted and
betrayed by those who professed to bo
devoted to her cause, has its crisis in this
attempt to revive toe olave irade a
sobeme which is made almost incredible
by its audacity, immorality and cruelty.
Unfortunately, facts prove its existence,
.1 m m
and many of tho aggressions of slavery
propagandism which have already been
consummated were far more improbable
of accomplishment, and received far less
countenance and encouragement at the
start, than this, tho most flagrant of them
all. Obstaprincijyus'xs the maxim of wisdom
and the voice of Pennsylvania should be
pronounced in the most emphatic terms
of condemnation of a projoct which must
shock the moral sonse of every one of her
right-minded citizens.
The industry of American freemen has
another great and vital interest which has
always been refused the recognition of
those who aro engaged in tho schemes of
slavery aggression whioh we havo noticed.
The material welfare of the people as well
as tho financial interests of tho Govern-
ment indicato a policy of Protection and
Defence of our agricultural, mining.man-tings of slavery; and, therefore, "the Dem-;
ufacturing, mechanical and manual labor, 'ooratio Party." whose course of conduc
against tho schemes and systems of for-it dictates, denounces tho Protective Pol
eign nations, as the true courso to bo a-!ioy. Even the President of its choice,
doptod in our legislation on tho subject ! gradually differing on this point from tbei
of a Tariff. Properly considered, and as coutroling power, is shorn of his influence
actual experience proves, Revenue and and regarded as wholly uusound; for when
Protection possess a blended harmony of Mr. Buchanan, in bis last annual message,'
interests. At those very periods in our j modestly suggested to Congress that the
history when tho labor of the people was advaloiem syntora was prolific of frauds, j
best sheltered from unequal competition i and that specific duties, especially on
with accumulated foreign capital, long- suoh articles as are sold by weight and
trained skill and low rates of wages, tho measure, as coal and irou for examples,,.
National coffers were most fully replen-! would be much safer for tbo Government!
ished the expenditures of government1 as well as beneficial to the people, he was
wero completely met from its resources, ' flatly contradicted by his own Secretary
and tho process of reducing national debts
contracted under other systems, was in nuances ms party iu congress never au
most successful operation. When, bow- ted on the Presidents suggestion, and ho
nver. disnriminatinff duties were takon -off failed to exercise in behalf of his Tariff
or m ado to discriminate against, our home recommendation those influences whose
industry when free trade was put in potency was so actively experienced when,
practice, and Protection entirely aban-, in concert with bis Southern friends, ho
donod and condemned by the party in fought the battle of Slavery in Kansas on
power, not only did industry languish 'the Lecompton Constitution and the Eng
and suffer in all its d.epartmentsr-failurcs lish Bill, .id val. rem duties, favored by ;
become frequept, disastrous and over whel- our fipaciers of the modern Democratic
miniz furnaces, forges, factories and school, are notouly productive of fraud and
workshops cioseu tueir operations moor
asks in ain for em'plovmcnt-meobanics
seek unayailingly for 'customers and e -
j are pursuing a couso of dealing with j
, other nations utterly destructive of our;
own interests, buying recklessly and ex-'
travagantly, paying .in gold, robbing the
country of its specie circulation and basis
of paper currency, and contracting debts
abroad, which must be settled for in
the future. There was imported at New
York alone, of foreign dry goods, since
! the first day of the year up to August the!
j 5tb, the enormous amount of S75,623,-
418 nine millions of dollars more than
Jin the corresponding period of wild ex-
travagance just before the crash in Sep-
tember, 1857, and about forty-two mil
lions more than under the compelled con
traction of the "same period in 1858.
We imported during tho year ending
June 1, 1858, of foreign goods, wares and
merchandize, S243,23y,l)00; during the
year ending June 1,1859, $340,000,000;
an increase of almost 897,000,000. Du
ring the first period we exported S52,
633,000 of specie during the last, 868,
000,000, and as our imports of the same
article were ten millions less in the last
than in the first period, our stock on hand
was 826,337,000 less than the year be
fore. Our exports of cotton, grain, flour,
and all other products of every kind of
labor, are vastly below the importations;
for while wo sent out only S37,7 57,000 in
the first seven months of the present year,
from New York, we had to make up the
sum of S42, 249,000 in coin to pay the
: balance due to foreign nations on'the deal
ipga through that port alone. Facts like
these convey their own best comments;
(they explain, without any learned parade
of argument, the reason of the paralyzed
state of home industry, and call, trumpet
tongued, for the application of the prop
er remedy. This is in the hands of Con-
' gross and the hxecutive Administration
of the National Government to which the
adjustment of the terms of our commerce
with other nations has been committed by
the Constitution. But the "Democratic
party," which wields those powers, refu
ses all relief. It is bound to the opposite
interests, which professes to see in the
Protective Policy a foe to all who arc en
gaged in raising So'uthern products by
slave labor. We bolieve that policy is
the best, most beneficial and advantageous
to every interest and investment in tbc
country the farm and plantation the
mine and forest the factory and work
shop all havo bore a complcto harmony
of interest.
But Free Trade is the pet delusion of
the South, only second in its estimation
to the physical, moral and political bless-
of the Ireasury in his annual report on
perjuiy, uut nioj -j
ble quality in the eyes of their advocate
of being lowest when they aro moat re-j
m I . w I 1
quired to be high and when foreign goods
arc foroed into our market-on low fdvoi'
ccs, sworn through the Custom louse by
false oaths to the entire destruction of tho
American manufacturer and producer,
and of beioi highest when the foreigner,
having overthrown domestic competition,
ask enormous prices for his goods and
compels our people to pay the most for
articles of inferior value. The specific
duty of so much by the yard or pound, xs
on the contrary, fixed and invariable al
ways the same; the American producer
knows always what to calculato on, and
no frauduleutly under-charged invoice
can be sworn through the Custom Ilouso
by individuals reckless of perjury, when
the article itself defines the rate of import.
But the reasonable demand of tho people
for the protection which would be secured
both to them and the National Treasury
by tho sub-titution of moderate, fixed,
specifio duties for the Ad valorem rates of
the present Tariff, falls unheeded on the
ears of the governing powers at Washing
ton, or is treated by them with derision
and contempt. Pennsylvania has a vasS
and vital concern in this matter. We
need not refer to the great coal and iron
interests her investments for improve
ments to carry the products of her farms,
mines, forges, furnaces, factories, &c, to
market, and the advantage which the ac
tive prosecution of those aow languid, or
puspended, operations would be to the Ag
riculturist, mechanic and manual labor,
in giving them purchasers for their pro
ducts and fabrics, and employment for
their stalwart arms. The people of this
State are too intelligent not to understand
these things, and the classes mentioned
have by bitter experience bad them deeply
impressed upon their minds and memo
ries. Will they not with united purpose
work together for tho accomplishment of
the great reform which is necessary in
our system of imposing duties on Imports,,
and as the "Democratic party" its rep
resentations and active agents in publio
station and political management not
committed the wrong of introducing free
trade, but refuse to remedy it, thcmsclvea
throw off the influence of this party, and
by rejecting its candidates make plain
their unalterable determination that the
Protection of American Indostry shall
be the settled, abiding and irreversible
policy of the government 7 When fully
conviced that such is the resolution of
Pennsylvania, opposition will begin to
disappear, and her truo representatives
be clothed with power to make effectual
her demands.
It is a remarkable peculiarity of the
present National Administration that with
a deficient revenue and a people suffer
ing in all their business interests from
the unfriendly policy of the Government,
the public expenditures have increased to
an unprecedented amount, and corruption,
peculation, mismanagement and favorit
ism prevail at the cost of the Federal
Treasury. When Mr. Buchanan entered
upon his office, bo found a surplus of 14,
000,000 on hand. Before the first year
of his time had clo?cd, this was all ex
haustedthe issue of $20,000,000 in
Treasury notes and a stock loan of tbo
like amount were authorized by the first
session of Congress after bis inauguration
the total amount of expenditures of the
fiscal year which ended on tho 30th of
June, 58, reached the enormous amount
of S39,628,867,and the appropriations for
the ensuing year covered the sum of S98f
854,201 24, and this was less by 87,769,
000 than the administration asked for.
When John Quincy Adams, thirty years
ago. expended some 81,000,000 annual
ly, the outcry against bis extravagance
wbs loud and incessant, Mr. Buchanan
being among those who raised it for po
litical effect; but he has not only sixtrip
led, but bs, iu time of profound peace
with all nations, far exceeded the annual
expenditures when the country was en
gaged in a foreign war, with fleets on tho
enemy's coasts and an army iu his capf
tal. If these expenses were judicious and
legitimate, there would be less cause to
complain; but, unfortunately, they have
been made for improper purposes, and to
effect partisan ticsigus. The navy yards
at Brooklyn and Philadelphia were cram
med with unnecessary men by the hun
dred in order to carry tbe election to
Congress of the friends of the adminis
tion, and its supporters in attempting to
consummate tho Lecompton fraud and
outrage; contracts for building ships and
supplying coal for the navy were awarded,
not to the lowest bidders, but to family
connections of members of tbe Cabinet,
or to establishments whose recommendations-,
referred by the Presideut himself
to the Secretary of tho Navy, was that
they exercise a strong influence in a Con
gressional District, and ought to bo re
warded for deserting old political associ
ations to contribute to Mr. Buchanans e
lcction, and as an encouragement to them
to work for the re-election of his friends
to Congress. Large purchases of mules,
wagons and other materials for the Utah.
Expedition were mado of near relations
of the members of tho House of Repre
sentatives, who pleased the Administra.
tion by supporting its Kansas measures,
or of members of the party supposed to
wield political influence in political lo
calities. A mail line is kept across the continent
at an evpensc of more than three millions
over tbe revenues, while in other partsof
tho country and especially in the Free
States, tho postal, 'accommodationsoflthe
people are diminished,. thoulhtl