JDcootci . to politics, itcvnturc, Agriculture, Science, illorttlitu, ants cucval Intelligence.
a- .
VdL is.
STROUDSBURGr, MONROE COUNTY, PA. MAY W, 1859.
NO. 20.
tllbllsIlCcl by Theodore ScIlOCll
terms. Two dollars per annum in advance Two
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No taper discontinued unlil all arrearages ate paid,
scxCnVneS)Qr
Sric or three insertions. $1 00. Each additional inser
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SPEECH
U ;-J OF- i. , .
H0fiCl2ACHARIAH CHANDELER,
OF MICHIGAN.
in the Senate of thfrTJ. S. Feb. 17, 1859.
The Seriate having resumed the conoid-
cration of the bill making appropriation
to facilitate tho acquisition of Cuba by
negotiation
Mr. CHANDLER said :
Mr. President : This is a most extra-
ordinary proposition to be presented to
the Congress of the United States, at this
time. With a Treasury baukrupt, aud
the Government borrowing money to pay
its dally expenses, and no efficient reme-
dy proposed for that state of thing'; with
jour great national works in the North-
west going to decay, and no mouey to re-
pair them; without harbors of refuge for
your commerce, and no money to erect
them; with a national debt of S70, 000,000
which is mcrca.-ing in a time of profound
peace at the rate of $30,000,000 per an-
oura, the Senate of the United States is
startled by a proposition to borrow $30,- j
000,000. And for what, sir I To pay '
jut claims a"aitsst this Government,
which have been long deferred ! iS'o, sir;
jou have no money for any such purpose
as that Is it to repair your national
works on the northwestern lakes, to re
pair your harbors, to rebuild your light
houscsl No, Mr; you have no mouey tor
-
that. Is it to build a railroad to the Pa-: wih, howeter, take as the basis of my worked, they are better fed, they live lon
cific, connecting the eastern and western ' calculation the lowest price named as the gerthan the slaves of Louisiana; and they
slopes of this continent by bands of iron,'suui which Spain will consent to accept are not as cruelly treated. This remark
and opening the vast interior of the con- for Cuba; to wit; 8200,000,000. Two wa3 made to me over and over again,
tinent to settlement ! No, sir; you say ; hundred million teems to be considered, '-Give me anything but a Yankee master."
that is unconstitutional. What, then, do on all hands, as ihe minimum price. They do not want an American master,
you propose to do with this $30,000,000? What the maximum may be, I know not. He is energetic, he drives, be works his
Is it to purchase the Island of Cuba ? j I take as the basi-j of my calculation tho negroes; but the Creoles aro so utterly in
No, air; for you are already advised in j the minimum of $200,000,000. If that dolent themselves, that they allow their
advance that Spain will not si'll the island. ; be the amount, each congressional district negroes to do pretty much what they
More, tir; you are advised in advance ! in tho United States would pay 6847,- pleasc. If the Senator meant his remark
that she will take a proposition forits 5! and the State of Michigan, as at to apply to the Africans, it was, perhaps
urcha?c as a national insult, to be rejee- present represented under the census of correct. At the time I was upon the isl
tcd with scorn and contempt. The ac-! 1S50, would pay $3,389,816; but, as I amj tiie mortality of the native Africans
tion of her Cortes and of her Government,; have already stated, her population has wa9 estimated thus: one fifth of all ship
on the reception of the President's mes-! more than doubled since the last census, perj from the coast of Africa died upon
sage, proves this beyond all controversy. ! and is rapidly increa.-ing, so that her the passage; one fifth moro committed eu
Wbat. then, I ask again, do you pro-j present proportion would be $6,779,632. i0jje wJtbin the first year after they were
pose to do with this 30,000,000 ? I ask Upon this sum the annual perpetual in- landed on the island; one fifth more died
any friend of the measure what he propo-1 tercst would be $406,777 92. I call it the first year in the process of acclimation,
tea to do with the money ! The question j perpetual, for no sane man believes that, because they were unaccustomed to toil,
is absurd. There is no man, or child, , if this debt be created, it will ever be unaccustomed to that mode of living.
who docs not know for what purpose this1 paid in the world. It is but the com- Consequently, three fifth of the entire ex
$:HI,000,000 is intended. It. it- a great cor-! menccment of an irredeemable debt. I portation from the coast of Africa were
ruption fund for bribery, and for bribery 1 aj. then you propose to mortgage the losUn one year from the date of their ex
only. It is a propo.Miioo worthy of it State of Michigan for $6,779,632, and to portation. In regard to the remaining
author; it is a proposition worthy of the! compel lt0 PaJ 8 Pcrpotual annual tax two fifths, however, after beeoming accli
writer of the Ostcnd manifesto; a propo-1 of $406, i77 92. 1 mated, they live as long as Creole negroes.
Htion worthy of the brigand; worthy of j Sir, before I vote for any such scheme t will be seen that three fifths being de
James Buchanan; but it is unworthy of! as that, 1 waut authority from home; and Btroyed the first year, iu order to get an
the President of the United States; it is a I advise the Senator from Ohio to listen average of any length of time, you must
proposition tligracelui to oe maae 10 ine
Conress of the United States.
Ain I ask. what do vou propose to
do with the money! L it intended that!
tbi crand corruption fund shall be u.ed
in the purchase of foreign ministers and
Hjinis-tera of State and-higb Spanish offi-
cials! Is this what the friends of the
rnrasnrc would have us believe it to be !
Such, possibly, a small portion will be
found to be infimtehimally small. There J
are other, and, in the estimation of some, !
more important, objects to be attained by
the use of this money. f
The Democratic party is damaged,
badly damaged at the JNortb. Its pnn
Its
in!pR sirn trnnn. and even its occunation
of public plunder is gone, for there is j
nothing, left to steal, your Treasury is ,
oanKrapr, ana lucre is no oopo ui it-pitu-, i. . - b j w
ishing it before the presidential content ' cessfully terminated, what does the State : ing without finding ono or more dead bo
r o?i t .t.: 1 1,: .. nf M"r..i(rnn rain. what dons the Statu I dips, the rnsult of tho last nirfht'a asaas-
.T.l-rir.f ntirl tlmiv. U no hnnn of renlm-'
ishiog.it
nf I860.
XU tUia c wvi livuuy cuiuciuiu ,
must be done for the democratic party
and here is the proportion to do it. A
new iue is to be raised to call off the
attention of the country from pa-textrav-j
agint expenditures and present bankrupt-
ev Cubi is to be the crv in the next
presidential election, and $30,000,000 is
This is a mere clap-trap proposition to go; in the interior of the Island of Cuba a
into tho canvass of 1860; and the friends !few years since, and can therefore speak
of this'ca?ure have no more idea of pur- j from personal knowledge. I differ in
chasiag Cuba under it than I have of buy-'my views from the honorable Senator
ing it on my private account. They arejfrom Louisiana, lr. Benjamin. My
to go before the country upon this cry of personal obeervation does not accord with
Cubi, and upon it tbey hope to float into, his theories. Much of the soil of the isl
power again in I860. Vain, fallacious and is rich and exceedingly productive
hope. Forty Cubas and S3OO,O0O,OOO as (but it is no way comparable to the prai
a bribery and corruption fund, would not rics and bottom-lands of the Great West,
stve the Democratic party from that an- i You can go into almost any of your Ter
nihilatton which the Almighty has do-!ritories and select an equal number of
crecd. i acres and you will havo a more valuable
"But, sir. let Us examine this proposi-1 State than you can possibly make out of
tioBiB its practical effects upon our con-jCuba. You have hundreds of millions of
stiteBcy. I propose to take a practical acres of land to which you can extinguish
ttew of it. I propose, before wo go into a the Indian title for a song, and obtain
speculation of this kind, to ascertain better lands and create better States than
whether it will pay. The computation you W,1J ever mabe oufc of Cuba .
which T as about to present, waa made! The Island of Cuba contains nineteen
before Oregon was admitted, which has million three hundred and fifty thousand
one member of the House of Represent'a- aoros, and you proposo to pay for it $200,
tivo, and this fact would vary my fig- 000,000; or in other words, you propose
rea a few dollars; but? a few dollars only, to pay for the Island of Cuba more than
Of this 830,000,000 bribery fund, each ten dollars an acre for every acre of land
eoigreasional district will pay $127rU8 on it, and then yoa do not acquire an a-
fi4 Tllc State of Michigan, under the
present representation, according to the
,ce.nU3 f hU merabc,rs
Will pay 508,474 50. But the popula-
of Michigan has more than doubled
since 1650 and she is now entitled, ac-
cording to
her population, to eight Rep
resentative!!; and will, in 1860, be enti
tled to eight, at a ratio of one hundred
and twenty-five thousand people to a Rep
resentative: so that her present propor-
mank Receipt. ' tion would be aocordng to proper appor
lphicts. &c, prin tiotinient, SI, 01 0,949 12, the interest up
on which, nt six per cent, per annum,
would bo SGI, 010 94. I name six per
'cent., because if you go into any, such
jwild scheme as this, borrowing money to
buy Islauds, you will find your national
i credit below par, according to the present
! rnt nf iritnrnst- nrA T hnlloun Jr nnp nnnf
is the lowet rate at which you can bo'r-
row money if vou conclude to go into this
filibustering proposition for the campaign
of 1800. I say, then, jou propose to
mortgage my Stato of Michigan for Sl,-
016,919, aud compel her people to pay
an annual tax of S61.016. Before I vote '
this mortgage, and this perpetual annual j
tax upon the people of Michigan, I desire I
to consult my constituents; aud after I
have consulted them, oven if they should !
make up their minds that this was a wise
scheme, I :?hould tell them upon that point '
I differ from them.
But, tir, this is not all. You propose
to authorize the President to purchase the 1
Island of Cuba for any price he may see
fit. It is true tho Senator from Ohio,
Mr. Pugh, has offered an amendment j
placing a limit on the price, but it has
uot been adopted, and if it were I do not
suppose it would have -any effect on the
negotiation. What would President Bu-
cbanan care lor .nufuuu,uuu, more
or
less, to accomplish Ins darling scheme Z
-
Give him this 830,000,000 to start with
'and he will pay two hundred and fifty,
or any other number ot millions tuat it
may suit bis whim to pay. I care not
r 1 . t Ml 1 . TT
ior jour limit ne win not rcgaru it, l
' iuf"'u" U1U,B uo jul 1U1 ""j
sucn scueme. iuy wora lor it, it ue Das
DOt .hc?.r?.ni '.i1.0 w.Ul in 18G 1
Mr; 1 U(jli . 1 takC Ca,re 0t my5i
constituents; ici me senator tane care 01
b,s own'
Mr CIIANCLER. The State of Ohio
will have to pay, of this purchase money,
$17,896,034, the perpetual annual tax of
which, on that Stato, will be $1,073,791. '
Of the S30 ,1)00,000 appropriated by this :
Mil. Ubio win pay .uuy.io, tue annu- (
al interest on wnicn, at six per cent., will
be $160,168. The Senator says he will
re ot tuai. i uust ue win; ana l
can assure him that if he does not, the
'people of Ohio will.
Now, let us admit for the sake of the
argument, iuuuu.s piupusmou i uruuguw
forward in good faith and will be sue-
v' -..w...e- D ,
of Ohio gaiu, wuat uo any ot tuo nortu-j
western States gain by the purchase
of the Island .of Cuba! I know
something of Cuba, something of its
son, someiutng oi iis ciimaio, some -
thing of its people, their manners and
customs, something of their religion, some
thinii of their crimes. I spent a winter
cfe. You are selling infinitely better the barracoons at Havana, anJ saw elev- j tiou of nothern men who mny propose I read, if tho DredScott decision be law it
lands-, and have millions upon millions of en hundred slaves within three days from ; to go there. You are compelled to : U all true ; anait is a mere question of
them, for $1 25; and yet you proposo to the time of tbeir landing there from the sleep under mosquito bard all tho year j time when every State of this Union will
tax tho people of tho United States to pay coast of Africa. They were landed within round; and if jou do not find scorpions become a slave State. If the honorable '
ten dollars an acre for land that you do ten miles of the Moro Castle, and march- j in your boots in the morning, you will be . Senator from LouisaPa, or any other
not get when you pay the money. jed directly up to Havana, and placed in ; more fortunate than I was. Lizzardsrun man, should see fit to take a thousand
I notice by the report of the honorable the barracoon3 for sale publicly, under about in every dircctionjworms annoy you grors into the State of Michigan after that
Senator from Louisiana, Mr. Slidell, the very eye of tho Captain General. at every turn. This is a beautiful place decision shall have become The law, I dc
that Cuba oontains, at thi time, a popu-(Everybody was talking about it, and the ' to emigrate to! And yet you. propose to fy any power short of a revolution in this
lation ot one million nine tuousana ana. snip mat Drought tiiera over, lay as qui- pay uu.uuu.uuo for the islaud. In my Government to prevent him, or take them
sixty inhabitants, including negroes, old etly in the harbor of Havana as any mer- opinion, it is not a paying investment. , Irotn him. But, sir, it is not law. it is
men, and small children. You proposo; chant ship. If you had seen, as I did, -1 But, sir, as I said before, this bill is not common sense: vet this TimA Scntt
1 . rfi I I " . I 1 III- . m m . . m I A.Kt.. inn
to pay nearly two hundred dollars a head
lor every ican, woman, umiu uuu uugiu juu nuuiu uui oe eurpriaeu at toe mortal- . uuviacu iu auvanco tuat you cannot get it. ; ocratic parry at me present time the oo-
on the island, and then you do not own ity among them. The laws of Spain aro This is a mero electioneering scheme for , lj is'stfc before the country. I bog paf .
one of tbem. You propose to pay S200,- to-day as severe againsfthe slave trade i I860. It is to bo one of the planks in the : don ; there is another fs"s:te, not yet per-
00,0,000 for what! For the right to as those otbe United States; neverthe-j Democratic platform in 18G0; and I pro-! footed, and tha(i is-.this S30,O0O,O0O Bri
gbvern ono'milli6n of the refuse of the less, slaves aro continually imported there, pose jery briefly to roview a certain other j bery and corruption fund. Tba-is to'
dartfa. Yon propose pay S200,000,000and it is done-because tho Captain Gen ; plank which you have in that platform, : be another plank" in tho Democratic platf
to bring in a population that you would eral is bribed. It is a well known fact, ; asMt has only two left this one is not form. These two planks, the Dred Scotf
reject with scorn if they were now to ap-,ihat every Captain General of Cuba ac-1-yet in. You havo destroyed all your old ( decision and Cuba, are to be tho platform
ply for admission into tho 'Union free of - quires an immense fortune in two or three ' platforms; they are utterly annihilated. j that is to float the party into power if t
all expense. years, and it is from the flave trade and I Even the Cincinnati platform of tender ever arrives there; tho Dred Scott docis-'
Do you think that proposition will payi i
' Do you think it will commend itself to the. from the priest in the pulpit, to the lowest ' prised that that platform has been de- j haps, the honorable Senator from Virgin
! people of the Northwest! Do you think . tide-waiter, bribery is the rule, and there j stroyed. There never was a sound plank ia Mr. Hunter astride of them ; and
! it will commend itself to the people of this j aro no exceptions. You cannot remove ! in it. It i3 said that everything was left and wilh that platform and that oandi-
it will commend itself to the peopl
Union 7 What do you get after you pay
your S200,000,0001 You acquirethe right
to build fortifications; to send an army to
Cuba; to govern it; to create a navy to
protect it; to expend through all time,
from twenty-five to a hundred millions
per annum, to take care of it. That is all
you get. Do you think it will pay T But,
as I said before, I know something of the
people of this island, and something of
their manners and customs,
ue white population consists chiefly of
Creoles or native-born Cubans. Of the
slave population I should tbink a
large
maiority are native-born Africans. Tho
honorable Senator from Louisiana Mr.
Beniaminl spoke tho other day of tho
J lav
areat mortality anions the slaves of Cuba.
If he meant to apply his remarks on that
pojnt t0 tDe creole slaves, he made a vast
mistake; for I never in my life saw a more
healthy set of persons than the oreole
-
slaves of Cuba. Tbey arc not half so hard
rate a long lite to too rest, unless you.
ghorten the duration, perhaps to the time
the Senator mentioned ; but the lives of
tbe creole negroes are as long as those of
any othcr people in the world
Now, as to the white population : they
are ignorant, vicious, and priest-ridden.
Prior to the administration of General
Tacon, there was not a critno on the cal-
0Ddar which had not its fixed value in the
Island of Cuba. I had at one time the
tariff of crime there, but at the present
moment I only recollect a single item.
The price of assassination was two ounces
, 0f goijf or thirty-four dollars a head I
You could have any man assassinated for
thirty-four dollars before the administra
tion of T aeon; and I was informad by ma
ny old Cubans you could scarcely walk
out in tho streets of Havana in the morn-
, . o
sinations ana robDene?. illy own expe
rience is, that the gibbet was a common
j eight the gibbet, with tho human skull
rattling in the wind, a the corner of four
, roaas, or at some piaco
j had been committed and
wucre a crime
the murderer
I met his fate.
1 On the accession of Tacon to offiicc,
be increased tho army to twenty thous
and men, and did estabhb, as the honor
able Senator from Louisiana Mr. Benja
min said, an absolute military despotism,
which exists there to this day. But it
was not as the Senator said to prevent in
t .-t -;m nA'to place a perpetual annual tax bf SI 2,
that only,'-'and if that military despotism
l,B,l nnt. h,nn ofirnhliflfcnrl nnA hfi.l not
Wnrnlnd with nn iron hand. Cuba woulducttier ttiey consider mat a game mat
r 1
be to-day what it was befoTe the admin
istration of Tacon. As I said before, the
people aro ignorant and vicious. They
will not labor, and thov will resort to anv
shifts of crime to obtain subsistence.-j that in the interior of the Island of Cuba ; btatos that intended w""
Bribery is universal, from, the Governor the clhn ate is cool and healthy; but such , rfavery wrthio thoir ej
General, who receives two ounces of god , is not the fact. Tropical diseases always , ever have aen ed to . a Cot tut.on
per head for every skve landed on the.r.gc there at certain seasons of the. year, hich Plbde ? iW0, n0
. j J , j . . . . . . . !. ll J T-rr tint whtRQ tl.CV TirODOSSQ IO UOI 1XU,
island.
Let a slave trader land a singlo.
K . 1 l-J !. T.l J C
lor every oiayo muucu uu iuu ioiuuu ui
nKn ml it. is done as nublicl v as almost
any other transaction therer I went into
negro without pajiiig uis two ounces ox c maeu v0rj, yr. wu . , g Oourt tbemselves
gold, that negro will bo rested from him sleep on a mattress, during the winter, on W , w f ii-hon thev tfaered it
Within three "days. Two ounces of gold thatW The heat i, so intense that
nor head is tho regular established bribo you arc obliged to forego the luxury of a ,na" uul"
. . m i i au Kir. uiu in uuu.iiiiuu
those-eleven hundred miserable wretches,
that alone. lrom the judge on the bench, !
the dead body of your friend from the Isl
and of Cuba without -bribing the priest,
bribing the captain of the Partcro, bri
bing the judge, and bribing the custom
house officer, through whoso hand it pas
ses. I know that, because I havo had to
pay the bribes.
Is not this a beautiful population to
bring into the Union as a State a beau
tiful population to take rank with the old
States of this Union 7 But, sir, this is
not all. The Catholic religion rules Su
preme in the Island of Cuba; no other re
ligion is tolerated. Even the rites of a
Christian burial are denied upon that isl
and. The people are superstitious and
vioious; and they aro bigots as well. They
are devout Catholics. The Catholic
Church is true to Spain; the Catholic
Church is true to despotism, and the peo
ple there to a man, aro true to the Church.
If the honorable Senator from Louisiana
has seen hundreds, or if he has seen one
hundred Cubans who were panting for
liberty, as he asserts, he has seen every
one that that island produced. There
are a few creole Cubans, who have been
educated in the United States, that arc
intelligent, that care nothing about their
church, who are anxious to get their hands
into the Treasury. They are anxious
for plunder; they arc anxious for positions
whero they can receive bribes. True
patriotism does not exist on the Island
of Cuba. Xhey love the very chains
that bind them. They lovo their church;
they love this very military despotism of
which complaint is made. Tho men of
whom the Senator from Louisana speaks,
are men the majority of whom have been
banished from the island. Where wae
the declaratian of independence which he
brought before us written! Who wrote
it! Where waa it adopted ! In my o
pinion, it was adopted in some tavern in
New Orleans. The people of Cuba nev-
jcr adopted a declaration of independence.
What was the fate of tho gallant Critten
den when he went to Cuba to help to res
cue 'them from oppression 1 What be
came of that young man and the fifty as
sociates who wero with him, when they
went there with arms in their hands pre
pared to shed their blood for the redemp
tion of the Island of Cuba I Where, then
were tho patriots who were thirsting for
freedom ! If thero was one on the island
he kept himself pretty well out of sight;
and that gallant young man, ten minutes
before be suffered death, wrote a letter
to a friend in tho United States, saying :
"I did not come here to plunder; I came
hero in good faith to aid these people in
acquiring their freedom; I supposed they
were thirsting for liberty; but I have been
deceived. My time has come." In a
postscript he added: "I will die like a
man.
Where were the liberty-thirsting Cu
bans then, when as gallant a soul as ev
er lived on the face of this e&rth went to
his last account because he sympathised
with "gallant, suffering" Cubans I Sir,
the gallantry is not there. There is no
such thing as a love of liberty thero
Do you waut these people in your Union!
Arc you prepared to pay S200.000,000
to bring such a set of criminals into this
Union ! Do you propose to keep an ar
my of twenty thousand men in a climate
where tbey will be decimated every year,
to govern that island ! That is what
Spain has so do, and thatis what you will
have to do, if you mean to keep the peo
ple from cutting each other's throats.
You will have to keep up a navy there to
protect your possession, if you get it.
You must spend from fifteen to twenty
million dollars a year to govern the isl-
.laud; and in addition to that, you propose
, O0U.00? UP0D the Pe0Ple Tf the United
. States for the purchase. I ask Senators
I . . . i li
that will pay !
Suppose you get the island: what will
'you do with it? Your peoplo cannot live
there. The impress on has cone abroad
and the loroign popu.auon ia uwaiiy uo-
. i i.na nml ulnnn in n tinmtYionlr nrimntl'
uiin"s uuv. ivvi .u - l j l . w j . . " t
canvas. Brides, thero are certain other
luxuries that I wish to call to
tho attcn-
not to'buytbe island of Cuba, for you are '.
years has ceased to be; and I am not sur-
erything
perfectly free, subject to the Constitu
tion of the United States;" but the know
ing ones in that convention were perfect
ly aware at that time that the Constitu
tion of the United States was virtually
subverted by a decision which the Su
preme Court dared not then make, and
whose final enunciation depended upon
the result of that election. If President
Buchanan had not been elected, the Dred
Scott decision would not have been made.
I propose now to spend a very little time
in examining this last new platform of
the Democratic party. The Supreme
Court of the United States was merciful
in its work of destruction. The Cincin
nati platform was built precisely as boys
build cob-houses to see who could first
knock them down; and tho missile which
the Supreme Court threw at the Cincin
nati platform, which destroyed it, and
which will virtually overturn tho Consti
tion of tho United States when it becomes
the law; that very missile was itiolf a
Democratic platform, which the Demo
cratic leaders made great haste to mount;
and at the North they found it largo c
nougb. There was but one plank to it,
but it would bold all the Democratic par
ty there. They had become infiuitesi
mally small and few in number before that
last new platform, and are growing beau
tifully less day by day.
I insist that the Dred Scott decision
for it is needless for me to say that it is
to that I allude is the only Democratic
platform that now exists; and if any man
throughout this broad land, who holds a
Government office of any value whatever,
doubts it, let him try the experiment. Let . a 1 Dte,iev,c l, luc fraction i e.
him say that he does not consider the Dred Senate by the honorable Senatqr from-"
Scott decision the Democratic platform, Kentucky. Mr. Crittenden, the other
does not consider it binding on him, and, daJ. that S100,000,000 would not pay tho
my word for it, ho will be shorter by a expenses of Gorcrnment for this year.
head within three days after the annun- 1 1 ProPose a change ; I propose that we
ciation. Sir, it is the Democratic plat- trJ somo hJ and at economizing the
U ta ft,n np fnct A nrr mnn ,rkn
1 W . IU a lu L 11 Li II U I LJ L l . U i LJ ULI LL1 ! LI W
does not swear allegiance to the Dred
Scott decision is no Democrat. I hold in
my band an exposition of that decision,
from a Democratic newspaper published
in the city of Washington, which I be
lieve is universally admitted to bo good
Democratic authority. It is more than
that; tho newspaper to which I allude dis
tills the pure essence, the very essential
J I"
oil of Democracy. I allude to the Union
newspaper of this city, somo of whose ar
ticles are understood to bo written by tho 1
President of the United States and to be ,
supervised by bis Cabinet, and to send
forth tho perfectly pure Democratic doc- j
trine. I believe that when this pure Dem- !
tho opinion of tho Supreme Court, and j
said that he would construe the Constiiu- I
tion for himself; that he was sworn to do ;
it 1, sir, shall do the same thing. 1
I
l -..,. u- ru:t.,;r. f
have sworn to support the Constitution ot
i tt a c.. j t v.Ttn 0.
tho United States, and 1 have sworn to
. ,t r .1 ,-) f
cunnnrr ir. nc I in tnthpra itinnn it. nni; not
as the Supreme Court has altered it, and
I never will swear allegiance to that.
But I am not quito through with the. Un
ion article. It says further: .
"The protection of property being next to
that of person, the most important object of
all good government, and property in slaves
being recognized by the Constitution of the
United States as well as originnlly by all
the old thirteen Stales, we have never doubt
ed that the emancipation of slaves in those
Slates where i previously existed, by an ar
bitrary act of the Legislature, was a gross
violatin of the rights of property."
There you have it declarad that aboli
tion of slavery in seven of the old thir
teen States wan unconstitanal, aud, ac
cording to tho Dred scott decision, it was.
I ask any man of common sense I will
not ask a lawyer; I am no lawyer myself
but I ask any man of comtnoti f-ensc,-if
he belioves that the old thirteen States,
seven of which intended to abolish slavery
within a' very few years, would have a-
J ...1 fV .. t.-ulr. nl,iitli nVnli t 111 foil
uopieu uuu-i.tu .uu
thera from doing tho very act which they
contemplated doing inslantcr? I ask any
man if he believes for a single moment
Ti . e j i
. i" i.tpru . .YT
- - . ; , , .
. -tt I8 "OI SO.'
-I" . L .1
i , , . . ... .
But, sir, monstrous as is this proposi-
tionr monstrous as is the article which I
decision is the only platform of the Demi
ion and the S30,000,000 loan, with, per"-
plr
date, tho Democratic party will march to'
certain defeat.
But, sir, as this measure at the pres
ent time is a financial qucstfon, I propose'
very briefly to allude to the financial ccW
dition of the country.- I look upon this'
as the practical meth'od of judging of its
merits. I hold in my hand a letter wrilJ
ten by a very distinguished man, at pres
ent connected with this Government,- da-'
ted March 1, 185'2, and addressed' to
committee of Bulimore. It is signed
"James Bucnanan." It says:
"We must inscribe upon our banners,-a
sound regard for the reserved rights of the-'
States, a strict construction of the Constitu
tion, a denial to Congress bf all powers not
clearly granld by that instrument, and a ri
gid economy in public expendidures.
"These expenditures have now reached
the enoimous sum of 50,000,000 per annum;
and unless arrested in their advance by the-
strong arm of the Democracy ot" the Country,
may, in the course of a few vears, reach1
il00,000,000-'
Well, sir, "the strong arm bf the De
mocracy" has been managing our" affairs'
ever since. Tho President of the United
States was then mistaken a few millions'
as to the expenditures for the entire ex
penditures of 1852, iucluding paymenf
of the public debt, was only $44,481,447
but let him have the advantage of bis own
figures. The strong arm of the Democ
racy has had. charge of this Government
from that time to the present, and wo'
have already reached the point that he
prophosied we might reach in a few years
S100,000,000' of expenditure. It was
demonstrated to my entire satisfaction,
, i ti i? . t - ? r .i
CXpeUbeS OI IOIS UOVCmffleDl. JJUlieC ffiC"
go on witu tue letter, its writer says1
furtbur ::
j "The appropriation of money to accomplish.
' great national objccts.sanctioned by the con
stitution, ought to be. on a scale commensu--;
rate with our power and resources as a na-
tion; but its expenditure ought to be conduc-
ted under the guidance of enlightened econ-'
omy and strict responsibility, 1 am convin-
7
' rcdnccd, below the present standard, not on
ecu ui.it. uui jjuiisua iiiiiik uc uuuaiucrauiy
ly without detriment, but with- positive ad
vantage both to the Government and to the
people." ' '
If the' expenditures conld then be' re
duced below $50,000,000 with advantage'
to the Government" and the people, what
can be done now!. Is there aiiy reason
why our expenditures should be greater
now than tbey were In 18527 There is
r- -j -
or purposes oi corruption? anu a propose
. 1 r. . r , 1 - -
! to cxammo into some of these corruptions
. t v
now auu ueru. xuia jcuui says luriucr
i -
"An excessive and lavish expenditures of
public money, though- in-itself highly perni
cious, is as nothing when compared with the
disastrous influence it may exert upon the'
character of of free institutions. A strong
tendency towards extravagance is the great
political eviIof the present dayjandtbis ought
to be firmly resisted."
Sir, I proposo to fesut it with all (no
firmness God has given me. Now, let us
look a little into the expenditures of this
Govcrnmcut. I hold in my hand an offi-f
eial document of the Senate, printed sf
tho last session, giving the receipts and
expenditures of the Government froavifs
formation to 1857; I desire to present
ocratic doctrine is seen, it will be offensive
not only to the people of the North, but
of the South likewise. But, sir, to the
article. In tho Union of November 17,
1857, appealed a long article, prepared
with great care, evidently intended as
lasting exposition of tho position of the
Democratic party. Itsaya:
''Slaves- were recognized as property in th
British colonies of North America, by fit?
Government of Great JBrilian, by the colqni-j
al laws, and by the Constitution of. the Ua
ted States. Under these sanctions, vested
rights h'.ve accrued to the amount of som
fTnn nn.HHl.V lr in Ihnrflfiirf?. thnrllltv f$f'
Congress and fhe State Leg'islatures t6pr6
tecL that properly. -
"The Constitution declares that IheitiJ
sfens of each State shall be entitled toall tha'
privileges and imrnurfities of citizens in tlie.
several Slates.' Every citizen of one Slate
coming into another State, has, therefore,-
rWiit to the protection of his person and that
property which is recognized as, such by the;
Constitution of the United States; any law of
a Stale to the contrary, notwithstanding. Sir
far from any State having a right to deprive