:? " ' " - - , - . , - - - - '
Bzviti to politics, Citcraturc, Agriculture, Science, iltoralitn, an encval intelligence.
VOL 15.
STROUDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA. DECEMBER 23, 1851.
NO.- 6-
Published by Theodore Schoch.
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unarge lor one ana ttiree insertions the same. Alibcr-
al discount made to ycarlv advertisers.
ni? All letters addressed to the Editor must be post -
' , T--::
JOB PRINTING.
Havinc a-cener
rai assortment of large, elegant, plain 'or try the almost impossible task of pen
LedertSCTrod etrating alng banks of the river,
aud ornament
to execute
-.,-.!. n;w.,il-.-. Tim .Tomis. VntPS.Rlank linen tils
n;..U HiTI irAa.fe Vntnc ninnt Tto.-f.ir.tc
JuMiccs, Legal and other Blanks. Pamphlets, Ac.
terms,
AT THE OFFICE OF
TEIE JEFF--RORIAX.
3" Answer to the Miscellaneous Enig
ma of last week, " Thc Rough Diamond."
Home Education.
The season has now arrived when the
long evenings furnish a most favorable
opportunity for mental improvement at
home. "Will not parents take special
pains to instruct both their sons and
daughters in this important work? We
ask their attention to the following, from
a true friend of youth :
Boys out apter night. Among the
iiabits "which I lfave observed as tending
i j T 1 r
raoat surely iu iu.w, i. u,u ui uuuc uiuic
prominent than that of parents permitting
their sons to be in the streets after night-
fajl
It is ruinous to
stances.
They acquire, under the cover
m nnhpfilrlifnl strife of mind.
ot night, an
C I '
practices.
A Toy at a crossing having begged ,
something of a trentleman. the latter told .
bad, vulgar, immoral, and profane lang- died at this stage of their journey. Mad
uasre, obscene practices, criminal scnti- me Godin lay for the space of twenty
, , , . A , .four hours by the side of her exhausted
ment, a lawless and riotous bearing. ' rl tfi i
' , and helpless brothers and companions;
Indeed, it is in the street, after nightfall, she feltherself benumbed, stupefied, sense
that the boys principally acquire the ed- less, yet at the same time tormented by
ucation of the bad, and capacity for be-' burning thirst. At last, Providence, on
coming rowdy, dissolute, criminal men.-! she relied, gave her courage and
. J I strength to rouse herself and seek for a
Parents should, in this particular, have a rescue, which was in store for her, though
rigid and and inflexible rule, that will ; she knew not where to look for it.
not permit a son, under any circumstan-' Around lay the dead bodies of her
, . i - , . v : brothers and her other companions, a
ces whatever, to go in the streets after . .. v , , , '
' . sight which at another time would have
nightfall with a view of engaging in out( broken hcr beart , She was amost ljak.
of door sports, or meet other boys for so- 'cd. The scanty remnants of her cloth
cial chance occupation. A right rule of ing were so torn by the thorns as to be
this kind, invariably adhered to, will soon ' ,allIJ0,st useless She cut the shoes from
Wml.fttrnnlH mvo him PnmPt.Ti.no- k1WOr,d' and apprehension
came back. The boy replied : "Your
uouur ouiu ui; -uipnuu n juu iu . nair turned gray.
how much money I lose by giving credit! It was not till the. second day after she
in that wav." jbad resumed her wandering, that she
1 1 .1 I . i .. 1. a a ' t
A would-be prophet down South said,
lately, iu one of his sermon, that he
j j
was ;
sent to redeem the world and all things
therein." Whereupon a native pulled
out two five dollar bills on a broken bank,
ana asiica mni to ion: over tne specie lor
- -. . , , . g.
them.
A shoemaker
some shoe pegs
in Connecticut
bought
wood.
made of rotten
Not being able to use them, he'fornlcd to the truth
'
. . . p iii .1 t- w u u vv- u i v iiuj u. i nui vtg voauu uuiiu t 1 L i
took his knife, and sharpened the other from thc mouh of Madarac Qodin her-j priest, and get to Laguna, one ofthea
end of them, and sold them for oats. 'self. forcmentioned Spanish mission stations.
I C . 1 1. . l. il. .1 c 1 t 1 .I A If.ni Tnil Ion wntrifin m n fin li nr n if.nlnf
)Jj Barnum offers two prizes of five
hundred dollars, and two hundred and
'
r. .111 . 1 r il 1 1
Ffv nnlljirs rn9r.pfir.rl it fnr fhr hpsr. nnrl
j 1 .j ,
second best original plays, adapted for (iarraed at it. She would have fled, but parted with for any price. She laid it; g which had been entrusted to him.
performance at the American Museum, 'at once reflected that nothing worse than ' carefully away with the slippers whioh bhc even bad allowed herself to be pur
and to be sent in on or before the first of ber present circumstances could happen sbe made of her brothers' shoes, and mdcd to take on board the boat from
March next.
XIj3 Tue barber who dressed thc head
of a barrel, has been engaged to 'fix-up
tho locks of a canal.'
JSiaT" Bonnets are no
longer
worn on
thc head: but attached to thc back hair
V-
with long pins I
r T. . .i . . TT . fP
'CST 1S said that in Houfton, Texas,'
' .
lucre is cci.ucr jau nor scuooi-uouse.
j. i 1. 1 i.i i.
,o, ( kasc fdiow had with unfeeling cruelty
The library of Congress has re- thrown to tho winds his promise to pro-
ceived a valuable present in books from curc ciu a boat, and had gone on buBi-
.i (-, . p-nTU,:i nf fh qw: ness of his own to OmaguaH, a Spanish
tuo government council oi tue owua. without in the least troub-
Confederation. ling himself about his pledged word, and
7" i thc rescue of the unfortunates left behind,
My Dear An expression used by The honest negro was more true to duty
tuan and wife at the commehecrnont of a though he was born and bred a heathen,
!-..! U - Al,n. r. Pl,-.;.- "U7U -.i-
auorrel
It b said that a pair of pretty'
o ftpw n,; fr- tnnn fo !
u lu-. ocbz mirror ror a man iu
eyes aro
shave by. 'Zactly bo; and it is unques
tionably tho case that many aman has
been shaved by them.
j.
toy An irishman being m church whero sorted mistress and ber companions.
thocollection apparatus resembled elec- Bufc most unfortunately he did not reach
lion boxes, on its being handed to him tbc h,ut 7hcro. h-6- had left them before
. . , j - it -i . , '(thoyhad carried into execution the un-
whispered in the carrier . car that he was ,luy dclcrmination to lcavc tbc hut and
uot naturalized,, and could not vole. (RCck their way through thc wilderness-
From Glcason's Pictorial.
ELDORADO.
NO. X.
BY THOMAS nULFIXCII.
i Madame Godin's Voyage, Continued.
mTTT, r t n it
AIIE UMortunatO travellers had now
. but the choice of two desperate CXpcdi-
cnts, either to wait where they were the
j termination of their wretched existence,!
throuch the unbroken forest till thev
me mums 01 me river,
lores
They
miUUb ItdLU
--uv.u --uuuuo. J-uuy tuuau
irlnn3 Thotr olincn thn
latter, but first made their wav back to
their lately
their lately forsaken hut to take what
j little provisions they had there left. Hav
ing accomplished this, they set out on
their most painful and dangerous journey.
They observed when they followed the
shore of the river that its windings length
ened their way. To avoid this, they en
deavored, without leaving tho course of j
uuiuau ui
the river, to keep a straight course. 13y
I. " 1,. i : u
entangled forests, and every exertion to
find their way was ineffectual. Their
clothes were torn to shreds, and hung
dangling from their limbs, their bodies
were sadly wounded, by thorns and briers,
and as tho scanty provision of food was
almost gone, nothing seemed to await
them but to sustain their wretched exis
tence with wild fruit, seeds and buds of
the palm trees.
At last they sunk iScr their uninler
mitted Iabor -Vearied with the hard
ships of such travel, torn and bleeding-in
every part of their bodies, and distract-
cd with hunger, terror and apprehensions,
it 1 11
i- ii - iaey 105t IUC sman remnant or tneir en
nr morals, in all in- J A , , - m,
' orrv. and eonld do no more H ho-r? crit
dowtlj and faad uo poer to rise again-
Tn ih
' " uUU4.uoi
under her own, and plunged again into
the thicket in search of something to al
lay her raging hunger and thirst. Ter
ror, at seeing herself so left alone in such
a fearful wilderness, deserted by all the
of a dreadful
death constantly hovering before her eyes,"
made such an impression upon her that
1 1
found water, and a little while after some
wild fruit, and a few
eggs
of bird3.
But her throat was so contracted bv Ion"-
O
fasting that she could hardly swallow.
These served to keep life in her frame. !
Eight long days she wandered in this !
manner hopelessly, and strove to sustain
flpr UTptoJ irf. PTiktonpo Tf nnn cTirmlrl
rea(j
..N.VUN.Wi 1 M -. . VUW.1VU&A
in a work of fiction anything equal
to it, he would charge the author with
exaggeration and violation of probability, j
But it is historv: and however incredible
her story may sound,
it is rigidly con-
in all its circum-
'cformoo oc if trnc o ft niTro rA tit-nri Ar, !
cring, tho hapless lady reached the banks
othQ Bobonosa, a stream which flows into
A AnLl -l.f J ..1. 1 J
a ' - i
LUV lUlllVUlUilliUl UilVSUU uuuru
. ji.ui.uUu.u
Jit. a lift r difltnnrP n nm nnrl wnQ
to her. is he took- nonrno-o find went. in.
Ar. 4U -.1 1 il J . !
uiuo vuu pjuuc wuvuw iiit; ouuiiu pro- I
ceeded. And here she found two Indi.
ans, who were occupied in shoving their
boat into tho water.
Madame Godin approached, and was
Ifilirllv reee.VPfl bv tlinm Klin nnnfouni.
to them her wish to be conveyed to An-
J J V.VUX,JVV-
doas aDd 8ood savages consented to '
.-v...-- I-...-. 1. 4- nu '
carry her thither in their boat. They
did so. and now behold her arrival at
that place which the base and infamous
. a(W,r. f At- 1? ., ,
treachery of Mr. li. was the only cause
.... -...
j of her not having reached long ago. This
. -
m vwiii-ijau. nu-i u tuu-
trast i
"While the civilized and polished French- ;
man unfeelingly went away and left his j
. , , . . ,
beneiactrcss ana ner companions to lan-
ui-h in the depths of misery, the sable
heathen ceased not his exertions till he
lififl .Ttrnp.nrp.fi two Indians to go up tho
river with him and bring away his de-
So he had the pain of failing to find her
on his arrival.
Even then the faithful creature did not, The good missionary explained to Mad- , mounted on mules, and their baggage of
feel as if all was done. He with his amo Godin, after she was somewhat re-! all kinds, including looking-glasses, beads
Indian companions followed the traces of cuited from her late sufferings, the fright- j and other trinkets for the Indian?, and
the party till he came to the place where jful length of the way, the labors and some supplies of provisions, wore carried
the bodies of the perished adventurers dangers of hcr journey yet to come, and 1 also on muleback, under the charge of an
lay, which were already so decayed that tried hard to induce her to alter her in-' arricro, or muleteer, who was an Indian,
he could not distinguish one from the oth-j tention and return to llio "Bambas, her j The party were furnished with a tent,
er. This pitiful sight led him to con-, former residence, instead of setting forth . which often came in use for nightly shcl
clude that none of the company could , to encounter a new series of disappoint-! ter, as the roadside inns furnished none;
have escaped death. He returned to tho 'mcnts and nerils. IItj nromised in that ' and the haciendas, or farm-houses, which
. .
. lUh'0.a"aJ bluu lulugs xuauame
" n u,u muk ihi iuwt, uuu taiii-
, cu luum noc oniy oacn wun mm to An-
doas, but trom thence (another touching
proof of his fidelity) to Omaguas, that he
might deposit the articles, some of which
were of considerable value, in the hands
of the unworthy Mr. R., to be by him de -
livered to the father of his lamented mis-
tress.
Anf? MOW AlA fVi?u Tl nrrnrf li tt TVTV T?
l t, l, i. j -r ,i
- , 4 ,f5 , 4, A, .
, "l lamcmuuiB ueiuu oi most
whom he had so unscrupulously given o-' vessel. The Governor of Omaguas furn- J cloaks, and stretched themselves on the
ver to destitution? Did he shudder at !ished the boat and supplied it well with j floor; so that with whites, Indians, nc
the magnitude and baseness of his crime? provisions; and that the commander of I groes, trunks, packages, house furniture,
U, no 1 Like a, heartless knave he add-
ed dishonesty to cruelty, took the things ed of her approach, ho sent a smaller
into his keeping, and to secure himself in boat, with provisions, and two soldiers by
the possession of them, sent the generous land along tho banks of the river, and
negro back to Quito. Joachim, for that betook himself to Loreto, where the gal
was the name of this honest and noble , Hot had been so long lying, and there he
black man, had unluokily set out on his I waited till Madame Godin arrived,
journey back, before Madame Godin ar-l She suffered still severely from the
rived at Andoas. Thus he was lost to
her, and her affliction at the loss of such
a tried inend showed that the creatness !
of her past misfortunes had not made her
incapable of feeling new disappointments,
In Andoas she found a Christian priest,
a Spanish missionary, and the behaviour
of this unchristian Christian contrasts
with the conduct of her two Indian pre-
servers, as that of the treacherous R. with
that of the generous negro. For instance,
when Madame Godin was in embarrass-,
ment how to show her gratitude to the i
p-OOri Indians Who hfifl Kn vpf hor litn !
she
t:
rembered that she, according to the
custom of the country, wore around her i
neck a pair or gold chains, weighiug about
rour ounces, inese were her whole re-
1 mi 1
uiaiuiu" property, out sue uesuaieu not
: . i.i.l.- 1 ?i 1 . : i '
a moment, but took them off and gave
one to each of her benefactors. They j met the galliot. The joy of again meet
were delighted beyond measure at such j ing, after a separation of twenty years,
a gift, but the avaricious and dishonest !
priest took them away from them, before j
the face of tho generous giver, and gave
TT : . V "r V," ;, , r i
cioin, wuicn tuey can in tnat country iuk-
ujo. And this man was one of those who
were sent to spread Christianity among,
spread Christianity among
the heathen! and one from whom those
same Indians whom he had treated so
dishonestly, would hear the lesson, "Thou
shall not covet thy neighbor's goods.
Such instances ought to be recorded,
sadly as they make us Christians blush,
were it only to teach us that it is not the
holding of a right faith, but the disposi
tions and actions of a man which consti
tute his real worth, and that a man may
be a dastardly knave, and as the time, to
outward appearance, a respectable mem-
j ber of the Christian community; and
therefore it is not wise to iudgo of men
their outward seeming, and to love or
uaiu uivii uccauu ui luuir uencvmg more
or less.
Madame Godiu felt at seeing such un
christian and unmanly behaviour such
p disgust, that as soon as she was
somewhat recuited from the effects of so
many sufferings, she longed for a sight
of some boat, to enable her to escape
frOTTl tllG GOD1 naniOnsllin of thl3 lUllUSh
it i. ... .i t nr 1 rt i
of cotton cloth, though Madame
i.
V"
linrl nntliinnrfo olvn. her !n nnvment.
But this jacket was to her afterwards aj
1UI II.
Sacred thing, that ShC WOUld not have
never couia in artcr times lOOK at tue two.
wWTinnt nvnnnonpini. -1 viibIi of Qf.fl A? fnn. I
. v w -i.
aer recollections.
At Laguna she had the good fortune to
find a missionary of better disposition.
This one received her with kindness and !
sympathy, and exerted himself every way
he could to restore her health, shattered
by so much suffering
1. t.T..ir i j. 1. f-
He wrote also on
her behalt to the Governor of Omaguas,
to bei? him to aid in exDeditinf her iour-
ney. By this means the elegant Mr. It.
learned that she was still alive, and as
o. . . ."
she was not likely in future to be burden- i
some to him, while he might through her
means-get a passagerin the Portuguese
vessel, he failed not to call upon her at
Laguna. He delivered to her there some
few of the things which Joachim had
left in his charge, but to the question,
"what had become of the rest?" he had
no other answer to make but "they were
spoilt." The knave forgot when he said
il lt..l 1J1 1 !. rr 1
ima, luat gum uruueieiH, siiuu-DOxes, ear-
rings, and pearls, or which this
property
consisted, are not apt to spoil ! I
Madame Godin could not forbear mak-
... ....
ing to mm tue wen-merited reproach that
he was the cause of her late sufferings,
and guilty of the mornful death of her
brothers and hcr other comnanions. She
desired to know moreover why he had
sent away hcr faithful servant, tho good;
Joachim, and his unworthy reply -was,
"ho had apprehensions that he would
murder him !" To the question, "how he
could have such a suspicion against a
man whose tried fidelity
and honest dis-
W
he knew
snot what to answer.
' . ,k , ..,
case, 10 convey ner saieiy ana with com-
juh. JJUl llio UUIU1U IVUUIilU J UJtilHUU IUU
proposal with immovable hrmness. "uod,
, who had so wonderfully protected her so
far," she said, "would have her in his
'keeping for the remainder of her way.
j She had but one wish romaining, and
;that was to be reunited to her husband ;
J and she knew no danger terrible enough
'to induce her to ."ivo un this onn mlinir
q . --.-
'rlnclrn -f linv lioorf "
The missionary therefore had a boat
c'got ready to carry her to the Jortuiruesc
the Portuguese galliot might bo inform-
injuries which she had sustained during
i her wanderings in the wilderness. Par-
ticularlv tho thumb of one hand, in Tvlnnli
'she had thrust a thorn, which they had
not been able to get out, was in a bad
condition. The bone itself was become
carious and she found it necessary to have
the flesh cut onen to allow fragments of
,the bone to come out. As for the rest
she experienced from the commander of
the Portuguese vessel all possible kind-
ucss, and reached the mouth of the Ama-
zon river without any further xuis-adven- j
turn
Mr. Godm, who still contiuned at Ova-i
pock, the same place where on account I
of sickness he had been obliged to stop, ;
was no sooner miormeci or the approach j
of his wife, than ho went on board a ves- i
or uis
scl and coasted along the shore till he
and after so many calamities undergone, !
was, as may well be supposed, on both !
sides, indescribably great. Their reuni-
V " , , " """" ;
dead, since both or them had more than ,
once given up all hope of ever seeing tho
other in this life. ,
other in this lite. ,
The happy husband now conveyed his
wife to Oyapock, and thence to Cayenne
whence they departed on their return to
France, in company with the voncrable
Mr. De Grandmaison. Madame Godin
remained, however, continually sad, not
withstanding her present ample cause for
joy, and every endeavor to raise her spir
its was fruitless; so deep and inextinguish
able an impression had the terrible suf-
ferim
g she had undergone made upon her '
mind. She spoke unwillingly of all that
oiii! uau suuereu, anu even ner nusDand
found out with difficulty and by little and '
little the circumstances which wc have !
narrated, taken from accounts under his !
own hand. He thought he could thereby j
infer that she had kept to herself, to spare ;
his feelings, many circumstances of adis- ;
tressing nature, which she herself prefer
red to forget. Her heart, too, was, by
reason of her sufferings, so attuned to
pity and forbearance, that her compasion
even extended to tho base and wicked
men who had treated her with such in
justice. She would therefore add noth
ing to induce her husband to invoke the
Ivnnrroaneo of r.hn. l.iw nffn,W tl, f;tl,lOB 1
ITristan. the first. nasof .,11 l,rtr ml.fnr.
. . . ----- -
tuDCS who ha,d converted to his own uso
J wuiiuuipiupw
a- """ v " "u"uwvl """-J luu
UlCan-SOU.ed Mr. 11.
So true is it that adversity and suffer
ing do fulfil the useful purpose of render
ing the human heart tender, placable and
indulgent.
NO. XL
Valley of the Amazon,
In the month of August, 1850, Lieut.
Herndon. of the United States Naw. he-
ing on board the frigate A andalia, then
lying at anchor in the harbor of Valpar-
. -
aiao, received information that he was des-
ignated by the Secretary of tho Navy to
J explore the valley of the Amazon. On
thc 4th of April, being then at Mima, he
1 received his orders, and on the 21st of
May commenced his land journey to the
highest point on tho Amazon navigable
, for boats, which is about three hundred
'miles from its source, in which distance
there are twenty-seven rapids, thc last of
l.:l. 11... ,1. T y 1 11 1
hihuu la uuueu me xongo (or iailS) ue
Mnnseriche. Over these tho water rushes
with frightful rapidity, but they are pass-
cd with great peril and difficulty by means
r i? 4i.iy j t.
Wl j- ium m.iuugu uu uuusunuuu
Lieut. Herndon states that an unbroken
channel of eighteen feet in depth may bo
found to thc Atlantic Ocean, a distanco
f three thousand miles.
The party cousisled of Lieut. Herndon,
commander, passed midshipman Gibbon,
a young mastor's mate named Richards,
a and young Peruvian, who had made tho
voyage down tho Amazon a few vears he-
fore, Don Manuel Tjurrn, who was cm-
as I
position were known to him?"
ployed as interpreter to the Indiana, nnd
Mauricio, an Indian servant. Thev were
,i , ' r.
tney sometimes avaneu tuemseivcs or, ai-
' iuiucu UUb IJUUl UUUUUJ11IUUU11UU. J. 11U
ronowing picturo or the lieutenants hrat
night s lodgings, not more than teu miles
from Lima, is a specimen : " The house
j was built of adobe, or sun-dried bricks,
; and roofed with tiles. It had but one
: room, which was the general receptacle
for all comers. A mud projection of two
feet hioh and three wide, stood out from
Ci 7
flm rnnlla nf flin vnntn fill nrminrl finrl
served as a permanent bedplace for num-
' oers. utners laiu tueir DiaiiKccs auu
, game cocks and guinea pigs, wo had quite
a caravanscra appearance'
The lieutenant found the general an
swer to his inquiry for provisions for his
party, and of fodder for their animals, ; tains caught a glimpse of the wild and shy
was " no hay" (there is none). The re- j vicunia. They go in herds of ten or fif
fusal of the people to sell supplies of these j tceu females, accompanied by one male,
indispensable articles was a source or con-
! tinued inconvenience. It arose probably
i from
their fear to havo it known that
they had possessions, lest the hand of
authority should be laid upon thorn, and
their property taken without payment.
The cultivators, it must be remembered, i
aro native Indians, and thev are under '
the absolute control
of their Spanish
masters, and have uo
recognized
nhts
protected by law. While
this state of
things continues, civilization is effectually
'debarred progress
The usual day's travel was twelve to
hffpnn mi pi I ho rnnfn ncnonrloi-I roni!-
ly, and the river Kimac, along whose
banks their road lay, was reduced to a
mountain torrent raging m loam over the
iragmcnis oi tue rocKy cinrs which over-
hung its bed. Tho road occasionally
widened out and gave room for a little
cultivation.
ir. mi ii ..i.
height of 10,000 feet above the level of
the sea. Here, the traveler foels that be
is lifted above the impurities of the lower
luay j.t. j.ney iiaa now reached a
regions oi uie acmospuere, and is oreatn-
ing air free from taint. The stars spark-
led with intense brilliancy. The temper-
aturo at ni.rhfc tvns iw.t.in-. mnl nn H,r.
aturc at niht was
getting cool, and the
travelers found they required all their ' foreign matter, is worth fifteen cents the
blankets. But by day the heat was op- j pound in England, where it is refined.
prcssive until tempered by the sea breeze, ! Theic is a mine of fine coal near the ha
whioh set in about eleven o'clock in tho 1 cienda, which yields an abundant supply,
morning. 'jg travelers passed other mining dis-
The productions of the country are Iu- tricts, rich in silver and copper. A large
dian corn, alfalfa, a species of lucern,and portion of the silver which forms the cir
potatoes. The potato, in this its native culation of the world is dug from the range
country, is small but very lino. They saw
here, for the first time, a vegetable of the
T.-Mfn
kind called oca. Boiled or roast
is very agreeable to thc taste, in
jt
flavor resembling green corn. Who
knows but this may serve as a successor
of the true potato, if that is destined, as
some think, to die out?
Here they entered upon the mining rc-
ion. "The earth here shows her
giant
skeleton
bare; mountains, rather than
rocks, rear their gray heads to the skies,
; and proximity made thc scene more strik
ing sublime." Lieut. Herndon had bro't
letters to thc superintendent of the mines,
who received tho travelers kindly and
hospitably. Tho establishment is mana
ged by a superintendent aud three assis-
l 1 .1 .. L ?l-. ." L J
uima auu aoout l0Tl woraiug nanus.
illo laborers are Indians strong, hardy
hni.1nn J
looking fellows, though low in stature
and stupid in expression. xhe manner
of getting tho silver from the ore is this.
ihe ore is broken into pieces or the size
of an English walnut, and then ground to
a fine powder. The grouud ore is then
mixed with salt, at the rate of fifty pounds
of salt to every six hundred of ore, and
taken to thc ovens to be toasted. After
being toasted, tho ore is laid in piles of a
bout six hundred pounds upon the stone
floor. The piles aro then moistened with
water, and quicksilver is sprinkled on
them through a wollcn cloth. The mass
is well mixed by treading with thc feet,,
and working with hoes. A little calcined
iron pyrites, called magistral, is also ad
ded. The pile is often examined to see
if the amalgamation is going ou well. It
is left to stand for eight or nine days un
til the amalgamation is complete, then
carried to an elevated platform, and
thrown iuto a well or cavity; a stream of
water is turned on, and four or five men
trample and wash it with their feet. Thc
amalgam sinks to tho bottom, and tho
mud and water are let off, by au aperture
in the lower part of the well. The am
algam is then put into conical bas of
coarse linen, which are hung up, and the
: weight of tho mass presses out a quantity
of quicksilver, which oozes through tho
linen, and is caught iu vessels below.
Tho mass, now dry and somewhat harder
than putty, is carried to the ovens, where
tho remainder of the quicksilver is driven
off by heat, and the residuois-tafl jw.,
or pure silver. Tho proportion of pure
silver in tho amalgam is about 22 per
ceut. This is an unusually rich mine.
Returning from tho mine tho party met
a drove of llamas on their way from the
hacienda. This is quito an imposing
Mght, especially when thc drove is cn-
countered suddenly at a turn of the road.
The leader, which is always selected on
account of his superior height, has his
head decorated with tufts of woollen
fringe, hung with Jittlc bells; and his great
height (often six feet), gallant and grace
ful carriage, pointed car, restless eye and
quivering lip, as he faces you for a mo
ment, make him as striking an object as
one can well conveivc. Upon pressing on
him, he bounds aside cither up or down
the cliff, and is followed by tho herd,
scrambling over places that would be im
passable for tho mule or tho ass. The
llama travels not more than nine or ten
miles a day, his load being about one
hundred and thirty pounds. He will not
carry more, and will be beaten to death
rather than move when is overloaded or
tired. The males only arc worked; they
appear gentle and docile, but when irri
tated have a very savage look, and spit
at the object of their resentment. The
guanaco, or alpaca, is another species of
this animal, and thevicunia a third. Tho
guanaco is as large as the llama, and
bears a fleece of long and coarse wool; tho
vicunia is much smaller, and its wool i3
short and fine. So valuable is it. that it
: brings at tho port of shipment a dollar a
pound. Our travelers saw no guanacos,
but now and then in crossing the moun-
! wno is ever on tue alert. un tue ap-
' proach of danger, he gives warning by a
shrill whistle, and his charge make off
- w
with the speed of the wind.
On the "31 st of May the thermometer
stood at 3G deg. at 5 A. 31. This, ir,
must be remembered, was in the torrid
zone, in the same latitude as Congo, iu
Africa, and Sumatra, in Asia; yet how
dirierent the climate: lhis is owing to
the elevation, which at this water
hed of
i the continent, which separates the rivers
of the Atlantic from those of the Pacific,
was about 16,000 feet above tho level of
the sea. The peaks of the Cordillera
presented the appearance of a hilly coun
try at home, on a winters day, while the
lower ranges were dressed iu bright green
with placid little lakes interspersed, giv
iug an air of ouiet beautv to the scene.
C3 I '
The travelers next arrived at Morbcco-
cha, where thev found corDcr-minin- to
be the prcvaihug occupation- The cop-
.
per ore is calcined in the open air, in piles
consisting of ore aud coal which burn for
' a month. The ore thus calcised is taken
to the ovens, and sufficient heat is em-
; plovcd to melt the copper which runs off
! into moulds below. The' copper in this
' ; :,: n e
state is iranure. containing 50 ner cent, of
of mountains which they were now cross
ing; and chiefly from that slope of them
which is drained off into the Amazon.
Their descent after leaving the minin'r
country was rapid. On Juno 6th, we
find them at the head of a ravine leading
down to the valley of Tarma. The height
of this spot above the level of the sea was
11,270 feet. As they rode down the steep
descent, tho plants and flowers that they
had left on the other side began to re-appear.
First the short grass and small
clover, then barley, lucern, Indian corn,
beans, turnips, shrubs, bushes, trees, flow
ers, growing larger and gayer in their
colors till the pretty little city ot larma,
embosomed among the hills, and envelo
ped in its covering of willows and fruit
trees, with its long lawns of alfalfa (thc
greenest of grasses) stretching out in front,
broke upon their view. It is a place of
seven thousand inhabitants, beautifully
! situated in an amphitheatre of mountains,
which arc clothed nearly to the top with
waving holds ot barle'. The lieutenant
gives an attractive description of this
mountain city, whose natural productions
extended from thc apples and peaches ot
the temperate zono to the oranges and
pine-apples of thc tropics, and whose air
is so temperate and pure, that there was
but one physician to a district of 20,000
people, and ho wasobligcd todepend up
on government for a part of his support.
The party loft Tarma on the IGth of
Jnne, and resumed their descent of tho
mountains. Tho ride was the wildest
they had yet had. Tho asceuts and de
scents were nearly precipitous, and the
scene was rugged, wild aud grand be
yond description. At certain parts of the
road, it is utterly impossible for two beasts
to pass abreast, or for oue to turn and re
treat; and tho only remedy when they
;mcet, is to tumble one off tho precipice, ot
to drag him back by tho tail until he
reaches a place where tho othor can pass.
Thoy met with a considerable fright in
this way, one day. They were riding in
single file, along one of those narrow as
cents, where thc road is cut out of tho
mountain side, and the traveler has a per
pendicular wall on onn hand, and a sheer
precipice of many hundreds of feet upon
tho other. Mr. Gibbon was ridiug ahead.
Just as he was about to turn a sharp
bend of tho road, the bend of a ball peer
ed round it, on the descent. Whuu tho
bull oamo iu full view ho stopped, and tho
travelers could see the heads of other 6at
tlo clustering ovor his quarters, and hear
tho shouts of tho cattle-drivers; far be
hind, urging on their herd. Tho bull,
with lowered orcct and savugo, sulleu
b
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