Hfruotcu to Ipolitirs, itcvaturc, Agriculture, Science, iHoraliti), nub cucral intelligence.
VOL. 14.
STEOUDSBUEG, MONROE COUNTY, PA. FEBRUARY 16, 1854.
NO 15,
Ptcblihlicd by Theodore Schocii.
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AT THE OFFICE OF
THE JEFFSSlaOr5AiY.
A Wery Grave Exhortation
I believe you isn't married, Ned I
You does'nt know the sweets
Vat waits upon that happy state,
Ven man and woman meets.
The bosom's varm emotions, Ned,
The drops within the eyes;
The nice vash'd things, darn'd stockings,
And all them tender lies.
You don't know vat it is, Ned,
While lying in jour Led,
To gaze on cireful woman's form,
Vile the breakfast things is spread.
Yejt you don't vant to get up, Ned,
The I;ier feels so nice;
And she saj's, "take another cup, '
And litis here t'oher i.licc."
Tile the fire is burning bright, Ned,
And all upon the chair,
Your linen and 'nur drawers, Ned,
Is hanging up to r.ir.
I nxes every heart, Icd,
Vat is'nt made of steel,
If they can gaze upon that lire,
And not a vanning feel I
Oh! very few, Indeed, Ned,
Knows ven they're their truly happy ;
Ven the baby is fctch'd, Ned,
To kiss its lazy pappy.
"You little tenyypenay thing;
Its mammy turn and eat her,
You bessed babe it was so thweet
It could'nt be no thweeter.
"You dod, a blessed angel you
It pulls its pappy's hair I
Take fingers out of pappy's cup
Don't cry then, thwectest there.
' Oh, fie! to spoil all pappy's Igh ! -
You naughty, ducky, dandy,
Owny, dony, voguey, poguey,
Thweet as sugar candy."
Oh, Ned, thetc are some moments ven
The sternest hearts will quiver;
Futst let that baby spill your tea,
Vile you're beneath the kiver.
Vun little hand within your hair,
The t'other in your cup;
Don't vonder if we sometimes feel
Ab ve could "eat 'em up."
From the way iu which men sometimes
talk, you would suppose that dollars and
cents are the only respectable things in
the universe, that successful speculation
is the only true heroism, and that tho
hope of making twenty per cent, profit is
enough to bestow dignity upon meanness
itself.
A friend once visiting an unworldly
plilosopher,whose. mind was his kingdom,
expressed his surprise at the smallness of
his apartment: 'Why, you have not room
enough to swing a cat!' 'My friend,' was
the serene answer, 'I do not want to
swing a cat.'
A Cool Vote. A man went to the polls
the other day, and said he wanted to vote
against cold weather. The inspector told
liim he must use a thick envelope then.
A writer in an Irish newspaper, after
mentioning the wreck of a vessel - near
Skerries, rejoices that all the crew were
saved, except four hogsheads of violasscs.
'Georgiana! Georgiana! where's the but- !
ter paddle?' Tim's got it in the wood-j
shed spanking Roxy Anne.' To what '
base uses do butter paddles come at last.
Hotc to sec the teeth of a beautiful young
lady. Praise her rival before her face,
aud you may depend upon it, she will
goon gjbow her tceh.
'Adam had one great advantage over
oil other married couples which has
been lost to us with Paradise he had no
mother-in-law!
What is the World lite ? The world is
like a stubble-field in which the great
est geesse pick up the most of the gold
pn grains.
Bxst Youth. "Bobby, my son, run to
the store and .get me some sugar."
"Excuse me ma, I am slightly indis
posed this morning. Send father, and
tell him to bring me a plug of tobacco a-
long."
The fellow whose intontion was rivit
J,edj hac again burst open,
A Defence of Fleas
One of the peculiarities which strikes
me most among the inhabitants ot Tur
key is' their love of fleas. I am obliged
to use the words inhabitants, because all
are not Turks who live in -Turkey; and
all alike in this repect, whether Osmanlia,
Armenian, Bulgarian, Wallack, Molduvia,
Greek or Jew. They pounce upon them
with a cry of delight wherever they And
them, and fondle them before putting
them to death. They show as much art
and address in their capture as a keen
sportsman may evince it trying to get a
shot at a flock of wild ducks. The fleas
i.e.i r. tl: it....- l.nl.l tr.
are not ungrateiui ior ueiug iu"
honor, and have cflFected a very consider -
. . ' . - "
M ' 1. -
wrongs to redress or lniureu
terests to bluster about. Most tho houses
being of wood, the' find warm commodi
ous quarters quarters which are utterly
inaccessible to the broom of the house
man. I use the word houseman because
there is no such a thing as a housemaid i
in lurkey
Ihcse little animals arc so prompt and
ferocious in thoir msaults and have
moreover, such a keen appreciation of the
tant country, tuat tliey Keep a strauger
in a perpetual state of liveliness and mo-
tioir, which is, doubtless, extremely bene
ficial to his health, especially if ho be
slothful.
No idea of dirt or disgrace secni3 to at
tach to a houseful of fleas these pugna
cious little animals being looked upon as
recognized proprietors in the country,and
as having as much ri-zht there as any one
else. Any attempt therefore, to exterm
inate them from a bed or sofa would be
laughed to scorn utterly. A Perote lady
(and a Perote lady is the very essence of
tine ladyism) willofton stop several times
in the course of a flirtation, languidly to
cutch a flea upon her dress; feebly smi
ling while she twiddles him in her fingers,
and then, passively dropping him on the
floor. Two grave Galata merchants will
stop iu the midst of a bargain sportively
to oatch a flea on the shirt front of an ac
quaintance; and cracking out his crisp life
on the counter, will proceed to draw a
bill on London or to discuss the exchange,
the depreciation of Kaimes, and the rise
of gold.
No individual throughout the country
Eeems to be able to resist the fascination
of hunting a flea wherever he sees him.
What trapping was to the lied Indians,
what the fox-chase was to the squire of
! nnr pinion! Am limitmt' is tn thrt Or- .
. . . e - , c .. J mediately uowstrung.
arc, in point of fact, one of tho nattonah- i J , n ( n mnnri
i- ' r -i ii i i-ii I remember a personage of uo mean
ties of Turkey; the only ono which has 1 , 1
... . i f i wi rank once calling my attention specially
nothing to ask of tho crovernment; which , - .. , , ? , . i
13 , i to snn him hunt: and kill two ileas. who
iental; it is a passion a delight. As "The amazou falls but a foot in fifty
soon as the lively little game breaks ; miles; the Pi,hine one foot in a quarter of a
' cover, no matter wh ere or when, the eyes j mile; the Loire a footin one and a half miles
, of the Perote light up with an unwonted j Ninety species of bones of quadrupeds
fire; a keen sporting expression passes have been found, which are now unknown.
; over his face; he raises his hand stealthly j The water of the Ked Sea appears to
j by a sort of instinct; the certainty of his be thirty-two feet higher than the Medi
i aim might pass into a proverb, and the tcrraneau, and the Gulf of Mexico is
! next moment the hand has descended, ' twenty-feet higher than the Pacific.
and the Perote is twiddling his finger About thirty Iresh water springs are
and thumb with tranquil satisfaction, and discovered under the sea, on the south of
has resumed his occupation, be it what it , the Persian Gulf.
may. lie would stop to catch a flea, on : The Mediterranean makes a tide of on
his way to be hanged or to be married. ly one or two feet.
He must have missed appointment, lost : The Caspian is 300 feet lower than the
fortunes, by the habit; but is engrafted in Baltic and 345 lower than the Buxine.
his nature, and is unconquerable. No certain theory is formed on the
I have gone into rooms where fleas lay cause of earth-quakes; but the most gen
thick as dust upon the floor, and each of oral and rational, ascribe them to steam
my steps nust have killed hundreds of and the force of gasses formed by the
them; but if I ever ventured to express
the smallest uistate upon the occasion, 1
became as incomprehensible to the men
- . -m m T 1
of rera, as if 1 had told a Diiinese 1 dis-
liked a stewed do
They will even argue the point with
you, if you press them closely, and main-
tain that the flea is like the elder Mira-
beau the friend of men. They will tell
you that fleas keep up an irritation on the
skin which is highly beneficial in a hot
country, and prevents the accumulation
of morbid humors. On my remonstrat-
ing also with an hotel waiter about find-
iug them constantly in the bread (some
baked and some alive), that individual,
who spoke all the languages of the world
in bad French, assured me the baker had
a superstition about them, and thought
them lucky! Pumping him with a light
hand, I found he was not quite free
from the same idea himself, and that it
obtaius generally throughout the country.
He ?aid that to alley the irritation they
occasioned, was at all times a pleasing oc
cupation; that it was to be remarked, uo
flea ever bit a man in a dangerous place,
or injured his eyes, or his ear, or opened
an artery; therefore fleas were the friends
of men. Ho did not know nor do I
what many of the Perote gentlemen would
do if it were not for the unfailing enter
tainment supplied by fleas. lie believed
they kept people who had nothing to do,
out of mischief. lie said tbat the courte
ous catching of a flea upon the person of
another offered a frequent and pleasant
opportunity of commencing a conversa
tion or begining an acquaintance. That
acquaintances so formed had often ripen
ed into warm and lasting friendships.
He had even known more than ono in
stance of Perote marriages brought by a
cheerful and inoffensive gallantry of this
kind. Ho was much surprised at the un
justifiable anger of an English lady at
dinner, upon whos3 shoulder ho had suc
ceeded in catchins a flea bv an adroit
movement of his left hand while his right
was occupied in presenting her a .dish of
kid stuffed with chesputs. bhe screamed.
and her gentleman threatened to horse-
I 1 h
i w P . im'
lie confessed his feelings
wnrn linrfc nnrl his rnjisnn confounded bv
i this behaviour on the part of my country
people. No Perote lady would h;vvej""ve a nail into a certain post whenever
raised her eyes from her plate during ho committed a fault, and agreed that a
, such an occurrence. I flail should be drawn out whenever he
I I eudeavoured to soothe him by say-! , . , T -
, .,.,.'.' .corrected an error. In the procoss or
ing we were a people who lived in an in- . 1
clement climate, and to whom, therefore, , t,U10 tbo Post was completely filled with
the utility of the flea was comparatively
unknowon; but he would not credit it.
Ud not bring his mind to bear all cnfc of hig nd3cretons, and set about re
j on a-fact which appeared to him 1 c i m
arkable. I was like the Christian , forrmuo One by one the nails were
v. . -
nt once
so rem
knight who told an African king that ho
r, . , ,. ,en ,-tvfnntaA v cm
1 f .... , j .
flT niir PI V Ar.i 111 WinLKr! fill f 1 WilO WHS 1 III -
v " ; -
were reposing together on the linen cover
of a sofa,
lie began by rousing them
I
into flight with the golden point of his j T fat, hut thcscars arc thcrc
pencil, and then pursued them in a state !,.,,
of the liveliest excitement for some min-js"f '
utcs. lie had a lon white beard, and! Parents who would have their children
was a man of an august presence.) At grow to sound and healthy characters,
I lAnTfli Im run rlnwn Ins rrnmn. ntul t:ikinrrl
. them in the usual way b ctween his finger
1 1 r i i lL
j pil)0.stick of a brother sportsman, who
spontaneously for the purpose.
In the mosques, in the market-place, in
tho palace by the sweet cool sea-side, and
in in nn (Tiin k-m :na in flm nrf inf anlfrtr
town wherever there is a Perote there
is a flea, and the Perote's greatest de
light is to capture it.
A Chapter of Curious Factg.
A lead wire, the thirteenth of an inch,
sustains 28 lbs.
A tin wire, the thirteenth of an inch,
sustains 34.7 lbs.
Gun metal is 12 lbs. of tin and 100 lbs.
of cop"per.
The emerald is ranked among the
gems, but is found only in- Peru. It is
green, harder than quartz, aud always in
crystal. Oriental emerald is a green
sapphire.
The European mountains consists of
primitive and transition rocks.
The surface of the earth is 190,862,
253 square miles; and its soldity is 250,
920.935,415 cubic miles.
The sea is to the land, in round millions
of square miles, as 100 to 40, or 4 to 1.
The narrowest part of the Atlantic is
more than two miles deep. In other
parts, about one and a half miles.
Rounded pebbles arc broken fragments
of rocks, rendered smooth by mutual at-
tritions. in Ions tiiue. bv water and tides
water and metalic oxydes.
Fourteen earthquakes,tn different parts
of the globe, were recorded in 1827, and
I . " 1
' pernaps tins is an average numoer.
The Sandwich Islands arc volcanic.
Count Rumford, by boring a cannon,
J within waterso heated it by the friction,
; that he made it boil, aud actually boiled
a piece of beef in it.
I Four pounds of beef loses one pound j
j by boiling; one pound five ounces by:
; roasting, and one pound three ounces by
j baking. Four pounds of mutton loses
; fourteen ounces by boiling; one pound six
'ounces by roasting, and one pound four
ounces by baking
Lamps were used by the ancients, and
candles were an invention of the middle
ages.
At first, wicks were made of hemp,
papyrus, and the pith of rushes,
Ox and
sheep tallow is now prelerreu.
Animals die if their vital temperature
is increased one-twelfth.
Melted snow produces about one-eigth
of its bulk of water; hence snow two feetjE;ouao me cntlemen I csouso oniv lho
deep produces three inches of water wnen r . ae and the timc whcu tho"du,t
thawed. flic
In Cornwall, certain steam engines j 0 lovo our native land wo honor her
have lifted forty million pounds, onofl and j. would not rob the Cu,tom
foot, with ono bushel of coal; and one at 1T ipn , , n f . T, , r.
Wheel Towan lifted sixty-two millions; must uo fcpufc on ai rs or wo wm
w;th an eighty inch cylinder 'hike charge of the Custom House and
Wfifor sjit.nrnfrtfi with mtrfl lOKfiS 17 CIG- . 11 n
ftrnnc nP linnf- nnil with nitr.'ifo nf fttlimo-1
&.v. w , , -
nia 46 degces of heat.
All solid bodies become luminous
800 degrees.
at
extreme com prouucea me .uu v-
ception on the skin as great heat. hen
mercury is frozen at 40 degreess below
zero, the sensation is the same as that ot
touching red-hot iron.
Acids combined with water, condense
it aud produce heat.
Eggs are hatched at lOddegivcs of heat,
The coldest hour of the twenty-four is
-in i ..y i i
nveiutno morning, ana uie waning - v,
irom two or inrcu in luu uuui uuuu
n . . . i a i .... ii. n i
The
mean beat is from half-past eight to half-.
' past nine.
Tin
reatest rane is in July,
illlU bllW I'. iW ill il.KHUW-V4
it 511
alters of Gold.
A father, whose son was addicted to
, S0Ule vicIs propensities, bade the boy
nails.
The youth became alarmed at the ox
icntor ins inaiscretions, ana set aoout re
! drawn out; the delighted father commend-
'oil !;, fn,. M.ln tnF.Attnv;n l,nr.
i. . . : f
tent it frnmnv ninsn f fpAin hie -r.nilfa
, iJiiJ j 1 LX 11 Vivl A 1 U1J iUUiWwi
'They are all drawn out,', said the pa
rent. The boy looked sad, and there was a
whole volome of practical wisdom in his
sadness. With a heavy heart he replied:
i ii. i t.
!..., n... nnn r.m .n fYinn
itable associations can rerorm tho man,
and perhaps make him a useful member
of society; but, alas! the scars are there.
The reformed drunkard, gambler or thief
. is oujy t1G wreck 0f the man he once was;
he is covered with scars dishonorable
scars which will disfigure his character
as long as he lives.
A Slump Speech.
The following specimen of quaint hu
mor wc find in one of our exchanges, un
der the head of 'California Correspond
ence.' They purport to have been deliv
ered by a stump candidate at San Fran
cisco :
Fellow Republicans and fellow
sufferers : I am a plain and honest
man, born at an early period of my ex
istence which great event occured at
home one night while my mother was out.
I have struggled from the obscurity to
which an unlucky star had doomed me,
till I have risen like a bright exhalation
in the evening, to the very summit of hu
man greatness and grandeur. Gentlemen
1 profess no principles unfortunately, I
have none. On the unhappy occasion of
my birth, a dismal and raelancholly man,
clothed in the sombre hues of mourning,
swapped me away for another baby, and
subsequently lost me at a raffle. Sad
event! But who can control his fate?
We are the creatures of destiny there is
a divinity that shapes our ends, hew them
how we will.
I was intended by nature for a great states
man. Had Hived in the days of Hanni
bal, I should have beaten the great chief
tain in crossing the Alps, and it is a dead
certatn thing, that I could have dis
tanced Cortez in crossing the Isthmus
He never performed the feats I did; he
never oatne up the Chagres river in a ca
noo, with a deaf and dumb -homre,' with
out a red cent, or a change of summer ap
parel. "But a light heart aud a thin
pair of breeches, goes merrily through
the world.'
Sir, every man who has
come here is a Columbus! I was, aud
I
have come here to strike a new vein.
But
I am not going to the mines! On,
no!-
You don't catch me up to my waist in
ice-water, with a juvenile pick-axe and
an incipant crowbar, laboring under a
heat of one hundred degrees in the shade
to dig out the filthy lucre. No, sir? I
am not in that lay. I hate labor it was
an invention to vex mankind. I prefer
an office one that is lucrative aud not
laborious; what you call a sinecure. And
if I cannot get one m3self, will go in for
any man who will divide on the dead lev
el, and no splits.
Sir, where will you find a
country like this? Talk not of oriental
gorgeousness of Eastern countries. Tell
us not of the fairy scenery which poets,
who revel in the warm path of heavenly
imagination paint with golden pens, on
leaves of satin. The description of this
beautiful country should be written with
the golden wand of an angol dipped in the
sofest rays of the sunbeam upon the blush-
112 and delicate surface of a rose leaf.
Pnjf. Offioo nnrl nnl.-rt n mtis rrp.nnrnllv
.... ' .. t.
im neae ;ire mv sentiments, gentlemen, it
- - . icp
' iln j1.l- rwlt i. mfn flirt TTmMi Tttn f.1 1 1
Lllcj uuil i uuuui i iit'J tin, kj miuii, )i nni
burst open the Custom Hou:$e and admit
jail liquors free of duty. And now, with
a . blearing upon the girls we left
an( tjfl b CQmi
win and uke ft
,,.:'.
.,,, 7 , , ,
A dro11 foll-7 who M a wootlcn ls
being in company with a man who was
somewhat credulous, the latter asked the
former how he came to have a wooden
leg. 'Why,' said he, my father had one,
a 11(1 so 1,a(- IUJ grandfather, bofore mc; it
runs in the blood.'
'rlnt
Coughing in Consumption
The Herald of July 10th, states that
during the week preceding, fifty persou3j Depth for Burying' Manure
died of the consumption in N. York city, j Men are divided as to the proper depth
Per co7itai gentleman called upon us. of burying manure. Some hold that is
yesterday, who actually escaped from the sinks in the soil, is washed downward bit
fangs of this disease some years ago, and thp leaching raius, and should therefory
wc are induced to present the circum5- "be applied near or at the surface. Othcre
stances : (assert that its volatile and most valuablo
"You speak of coughing considerably. 'parts rise by fermentation, and that con
Let me suggest to you the query, wheth-scquently it should be buried deep. Now
er this is not unnecessary and injuridus. it usually happens when doctors disagree
I have long been satisfied, from experi- that both are partly right and partly
euee and observation, that much of the J wrong; but iu the present instance they,
coughing which precedes and attends con- are both a little in the right, ard a great
sumption is voluntary. Several years a-'deal in the wrong.
go I boarded with a man who was in tho Manure usually stays ycry nearly
incipient stages of consumption. I slept j where it is put. If burricd near the sur
in a chamber over his bed-room and was face, it remains near thesurface;if buried
obliged to hear him cough continually j deep, there it remains; if plowed under
distressingly. I endured the annoyance, in large lumps, it has but little power to
night after night, till it led me to reflect rise, sink, or in any other way to inter
whether something could not be done to! mix itself, and hence the reason that
stop it. I watched the sound which the! thorough pulverization or harrowing be
man made, and observed that he evident- j fore manure is turned under gives a re
ly made voluntary efforts to cough. 'suit in large crops.
After this, I made experiments upon my- The power which clay has to absorb
self from coughing, sneezing, gaping, fcc.,the fertilizing portions of manure, is very
in case of the strongest propensity to j great. Soils which possess a mediuni a
these acts, by a strenuons eflbrt of thej mount of clay, or loam, with a medium
will. Then I reflected that coughing degree of tenacity, will abaorb all that is
must be injurious and irritating to the. valuable in ordinary yard manure, equal
delicate organ3 that arc concerned in it, to nearly their own bulk. Forty loads
especially when they are in a diseased of manure to the acre, form a heavy coat
state. What can be worse for ulcerated' ing; yet this is only one load to four
bronchia, or lungs, than the violent square rods, constituting a depth, wheu
wrenching of a couh? It must be worse spread, of only one-third of an inch.
than speaking A sore on any part ot,
the body, if it is constantly kept open by
violent usage, or made raw again by a
confusion iust wheu it is hcalimr, and of
course begins to itch,) will grow worse, jsorbed by the soil. Hence the error of
and end in death. Certainly, then a sore j supposing that they can possibly, in or
on the luns, may be expected to termi- diuary soils, rise or sink to any practica-
nate fatally, if it is constantly irritated,
and never suffered to heal; and this, it
seems to us, just what coughing does for
it. On the strength of such considera-J
tions as these, I made bold to ask the
man if he could not stop coughing. He
answered no
I told him what I thought
about it as above
He acreed to make a
trial, and on doing so, he found to his
surprise, that he could suppress his cough,
almost entirely. The power of hi3 will
over it increased as he exercised it, and
in a few days he was mostly rid of the dis
position to cough. His health at the same
time evidently improved, and when wc
last saw him, he was in strong hopes of
getting out of death's hands.'
This occurred eighteen years ago, and
the man comes round now, an active bus
iness man, avering that he has not had a
sick day since.
,4,
A Bcautifii! Idea.
I cannot believe that the earth is mans
abiding place. It cannot be that our life
i3 cast up by the ocean of eternity to
float for a moment on its waves and sink
to nothingness! Else why is it that the
glorious aspirations which leap like an
gels from the temple of our hearts, are
forever waudenuir about unsatisfied :
2
Why is it that the rainbow and the cloud
come over us with a beauty that is not of
earth, then pass off and leave us to muse
upon their faded loveliness? Why is it
that tho stars who hold their festivals a
round the midnight throne are sent above
the grasp of limited facilities, forever
mocking us with their unapproaching
glory? And finally, why is it the bright
forms of human beauty are presented to
our view and then taken from us, leaving
the thousand streams of .our affections to
flow back iu Alpine torrents upon the
heart? We are born for a higher world
than that of the earth; there is a realm
where raiubows never fade where the
stars will be out before us, like islets that
slumbers on the ocean; and where the be
iugs that pass before us like shadovs,will
stay in our presence forever.
Diabolical Calumny.
Tho fellow who penned the following
which wc copy from a New-York paper
ought to be chased by a whole regiment
of Jersey girls, with red-hot pokers, un
til compelled to seek protection nine feet
eleven inches up the North Pole, with the
knots all tritned off, and greased, at that:
'It is said that the Jersey girls and
Jersey horses arc very unlike for a won
der! The horses are shy and skittish,
and hard to catch; but the girls are as
tame as kittens, and as bold as lion.
They flock round a fellow- like sheep
round a salt trough, and have to be driv
en off with clubs.'
Extraordinary Geological Diseov
erifs. In the course of the proceedings of the
German Associations for the advance
ment of Science, lately held at Tubiu-j
Til f . 1 . . '
ren, Froiessor Ivaruat announced that
Germany had coal enough to supply her- tion of company, if they would avoid b
tself and the rest of the world for the next com im like those who enter prisons lor
five hundred jcars. The great fact elic-1 their crimes:
ited the clearing up of the mystery of the 1. Those who ridicule their parsnt or
fossie human teeth found in the Swabiau ' disobey their commands.
Alps, in strata of the mammoth period. ;1 2. Those who profane the Sabbath or
and doubts expressed as to their being scoff at religion.
human teeth, a man was not believed to j 0. Those who use profane or filthy Ian
have existed in the time of the mommoth. guagc.
Since the meeting in 1S52, a number of, 4. Those who are unfaithful, play tru-
perfect human skulls have been found iu ant and waste their timc in idleness
the same locality, with teeth in them,' 5. Those -who are of a quarrelsome
which discovery, if correctly reported, temper; and who aro apt to got iu dif-
would naturally lead to the conclusion Acuities with others.
that a riicoof human beings was in exist-1 0. Those who aro addicted to lying
ence cotcmporaneously with the mastodon
and other of the larger autodiluvian ani-
tnals.
Agricultural.
Consequently, wncn a coating oi xorty
loads to the acre is plowed under, the
volatile parts have only to pass one-third
'.of an inch or bo, before they are all ab-
Jble depth. And hence also, the great
importance of mixing manures very inti
mately through all parts of the soil, if
plants aro to get their full benefit, and
-not be over ted at one part ot tnc roots
i and starved at another.
I here are many proots ot the correct
ness of the position here taken. We have
made large piles of compost, consisting
or one third ncu stable manure, and two
thirds of loam and turf, yet all the odor
was completely retained, and not the
slighest portion passing off could be per
ceived by the smell. We have buried
large dead animals with a coating of only
sixlnches of loam; not the faintest indi
cation of the decomposition below ever
reached the surface. On the other hand,
the soil which forms the bottom of ma
nure yards, is not found even within a
few inches of the surface to be at all en
riched by the piles of fertility which rest
upon it.
The true rule for burying mauure, is to
place it just at such depth in the soil aa
the roots of the crop usually extend,
which will vary with different plants.
Some of the grasses, for instance, form a
turf very near the surface, and hence an
autumn top-dressing will soak in enough
to benefit them essentially. Clover roots
run deeper, and thi3 crop is consequently
but little benefitted by top dressings when
of much size, except so far as they ope
rate in keeping the surface moist. The
roots of fruit trees arc still deeper, and
they derive but little advantage, except
from manures well spaded or worked iu.
They however possess an important ad
vantage over annuals and perennial root
ed plants; by continuing in growth for
successive years, those root3 which hap
pen to run into the region of fertility,
soon throw out numerous fibres, and se
cure an amount of nourishment, of which
aunual plants, in consequence of their
more limited powers of extension, are not
able to avail themselves.
There are, however, not many crops
which do not need the full depth afforded
by ordinary plowing; aud hence the best
practice for nearly all kinds of culture, in
to spread the manure well, harrow it most
thoroughly, in order to break it as finely
as possible, and at the same time to mix
it intimately with the surface; then turn
it under by ordinary plowing, and the
lower half of the inverted earth will fur
nish a thoroughly enriched bed for tho
roots to penetrate. If a greater depth of
ferlility is needed than ordinary plowing
affords, the coat of harrowed manure may
be thrown under ten or twelve inches by
menus of a double mould board or Michi
gan plow; and then another coat of ma
nure spread, harrowed, and plowed un
der by a light or gang-plow. The young
plants of the crop are thrown rapidly for
ward by the upper stratum of manure,
aud at a later stage of growth, are equal
ly stimulated by the lower stratum Cul
tivator. Boy.
Boys are admonished by a sensible wri-
ter to beware ot the ioiiouug uuaunp-
and stealing.
7. Those who take plertsura in tcrtur
m' annuals nuu ineauw,
i ;
4
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