U - t Fes, k AND HOUSEHOLD PAT= ESSAY-CORN CIILLITTA non., L Boil. • U. Time of planting. /IL Care of the plant. tinder the above heads I design to Ulm trate the subject, theoretically, practically, and withal, as briefly as possible, aiming ,alwaYsto be understood. 1•• . I. Soil—What are the combined ele ments and ingredients for the best soil? ~-.I Analyze the plant and its fruit, and we I shall discover the clearest indication how e shall find-the best soil. We cannot, I ' th reason, expect to grow corn from a 1 11 which does not contain - any of the nienta of the grain. ple i I Ist. The corn plant, when matured, d the thin, delicate shell or hull of the . e ernel, conta n a very ,laree quantity of • silica, or flip a substance, melted with potash in pro r proportions, that makes the various fo um and varieties of glass; and the most igorous plants contain it in the greatest abundance It is the mine'. 1 pal ingrtullen fiat forms the structure or i woodyku • de .of all plants; it is the i most unpo t material that gives corn ; Pactnessatolidity and superior value to the hardest trees —the hickory, rock Ma t. pie and oak - toughens their rugged trunks and gives them strength to shake 1 their leant - arms and lift their lofty tops at i the rushing etorm. A silicious soil, then, is requisite. This soil is composed of powdered rock and vegetable and:animal remains, 811 ex is a very abundant natural 1 prodnch It forms a large part of all 1 granite lor primitive rocks and moan tains, andis the chief ingredient in all i earthly formations . It is , the soil which 1 • is spread over the globe's Bur face, and wherever it is found most finely k powdered, there we shall: have the most requisite conditions of silica. •It is i enough here ere to say that the experience of the farmer will teach him to seek, upon i his farm; for that soil that is most thor l, onghly powdered, mellowed and mixed, i i easiest to till, regarding always what he i knows of the conditions of natural fertil ity, and depth of soil into. which he may i dm - p the' ed with hope of a response to i his labor in an abundant crop. l 2d. Th soil must contain fixed alka . lies, for without their presence , the im f portant &ken; silica, is worthless. No i soil can be more sterile than that made of pure silex, but ive a fixed alkali, and that hard, unyield g ing substance becomes at once dissolved,' and passes on to its mission to form the plant. Common wood ashes contain these two substances in abundance. The., wood reduced to • ' ashes, the heat necessary for that pur pose dissipates the acids, and leaves the 1 . silica and pot-ash at hand, again, in their union, to re-enter upon their work to form their woody' structure. Mixed 1 with the earth and vegetable and animal i fibre, the mass is dissolved and resolved ; . in nature's laboratory, more completely I and perfectly than it can be done by the mostskillful chemical art, to be absorb ed by the rootlets, carried thence to the • stalk and fruit to bless the toil of the pa • tient husbandman. 3d. What further ? Of what is the • kernel composed ? lRt, the shell or hull,r-silex almost wholly; 2d, a hard, almost flint-like sub 'stance, composed principally of carbon. I‘ . .Bd, the inner or four part—starch. Dif fused and mixed with these three substan , • , -ces are gluten, gum and saccharine. These several substances are drawn principally - from,the soil, although the gasses of the atmosphere assist-in the formation of the plant but lees in that of the kernel. In ; - that soil, therefore,'we must have those ingredients that will produce those differ / cut combined parts of the grain of corn. j In addition to silica and potash, or a fixed • alkali, we must call to our aid four gasses ',i viz: 1, carbonic acid gas; 2,,hydrogen; 3, 1 oxygen; 4, nitrogen. The first and second are principally produced from decaying and dissolving vegetable and animal mat ter; the third and fourth almost wholly -compose the common air we breathe. The two former are vastly increased in our soil by agricultural art—the two latter as- - sist in the work. It will here be observed that it is urn possible to separate thetwo auestions. "What is the best soli?" "What is the best fertilizer?" One involves the either; and to answer the question, "What is the best soil?" we must use a fertilizer that will evolve or absorb one or all of the above gases, as nature may chbose in her -• great work. 3d. Preparation of the soil. Plow deep—from eight to twelve inches. \ The . advantages of deep plowing newly broken .ground will be to give you a loose, soft soil above the turf, and room and scope for the harrow and cultiviitor, and for the roots of the plant. On old ground, plow -deep, once very late in the fall, as late as possible before the ground "abets; up." Do this, and the grub and wire-worm will -totally disappear. Experience has demon strated this. Reason: The various worms are deposited on or near the surface in tame. They soon descend deep, to be beyond frost, and only come to the Bur. face to.. do their harm after they are warmed to activity by the' sun. Having descended to their winter quarters,- throw them up to: the surface . again, expose them, and , frost shall kill them, and they :shall do no more harm forever. Plow it at least once again, in the spring, —do it 'thoroughly and well,—just at the lime you .wish to plant. Keep, the soft clear of weeds. Yon 'cannot Serve two masters tuft at one and the same time. _Either to have a good crop of weeds with- -out.corn, or, what is better, a great and good crop of ,corn without weeds. Use -our compost, and all the seeds of weeds 'in the manure .will be . destroyed, ' made into fertilizing agency, and the great source of weeds will be dried up. IL Time of planting. On this subject, both opinion* • andex -perienee are conflicting. among farmers. Sint I think I can readily account for the cum of this conflict. Are there not spots :and d es on the farm where grass ,starta matures soonest, by days, even meek, t Why is this l' Always because *these spots are h es tche 'Therefore, be Who hsit the riSoil, or cares kir it best, can plant his corn the earliest. „weightier A. Baia he has the best cmp . planted June Ist; neighbor B. says he . has the best planted Hay 20. Now both-are . right, and the reason is that A's farm •is not so rich by 10 per cent. as B's, arid I will state it as a truth from experience • that B's corn shall ripen 15 days earlier than A's, and he will raise 15 to 20 per cent. a better crop. A& goon as the ground is properly •drled *dm the swing rains , the peed ... . , , • ~.. Au*ld gojnr therieber the ground, the earlier you 'mar plant For the list thirty 'years I have observed, with great atten tion and interest, that those ,who plant earliest, on the average, have- the best yield. In this latitude, an early frost is more destructive to the corn crop than early planting, and, as a rule, early plant ing is the best remedy against an early frost, and, if there be an exception to the rule, a soil fertilized as it should be, will supply the place of the exception; and then, year by year, early planting, with a soil and such fertilizers as we have de scribed, will be a security against all acct. den s,—all, I say If the proper care is bestowed in planting and cultivation, which we will explain presently. I am of the opinion that the best obser vation to be made of signs is, "when you find the soil dry enough and rich enough, plant," and the farmer who will follow this rule, and will be, what a farmer must be to prosper, "up and doing," will find in the end that he has increased his crop. Cover the seed, (which should be four in s hill, well spread, like the teats of a good cow,) about one and a half inches deep with the finest earth, without "pat ting" it, and the plant will find it easy to "pdsh its way in the world," without be ing obliged to lift a load of turf, grass, clods, or , stones, and come forth a sturdy, healthy, vigoroue shoot. lIL Cve of theplant. By the time pl the ants haye three blades mei* or as soon as you can see them along the rows the distance of twenty rods, put the cultivator in deeply both ways. This lifts and lightens the soil, lets in the atmosphere, and thereby brings the gases of the atmosphere in to combine with your fertilizers. This process should be repeated three times within as many weeks, each time using the fingers and hoe to clear out around the Ow any weeds or grass that may intrude, and loosen the soil around the roots. This method has demonstrated the fact that drought will be comparatively harmless. Corn that has become rolled up by the drought,and remains so through the night, will unroll and expand by simply stirring the soil around the roots. Put no hill around the corn. A hill is no protection to the corn or roots. If the soil is plowed deep enough, the roots will strike deep and broad. Besides a new quantity of earth brought to the corn makes it necessary for the plant to send out another tier of roots after it has been provided with all it needed, and thereby retards its maturity. But the chief evil of a mound-like hill is thht it subjects the plant to additional exposure to drought, since a "hill" more readilj , dries through than the fiat surface, and, certainly, sheds off from the roots of the plant, as from a roof, all the needed water that may fall. Let the cultivator do the most of your hoing. To hoe one thousand hills used to be a day's work for a man. Cultivate for for me both ways and! will take care of three thousand hills per day, and I will produce a better crop than you can in the old "up-hill" way. Every time the soil is stirred is equal to applying a spoonful of the best fertilizer to the roots. As soon as the blossom is shaken,or falls, the pollen is sifted from the stamens, the kernel "glazed," you can gather the tops, said the corn, instead of being injured, will be benefitted by having the full sun light fall upon it, ripening it all alike, and earlier than it could be, were the shade of the tops not removed. The kernel re ceives no benefit from the top after the bloom Ms. Then the full current of the nutritive fluid sets toward the ear to com plete the design to produce the corn. Loosely bind the tops, take them to the barn, stand them up or hang them and you, will have a good fodder. After the cora is ripe, gather when your farm work will make it most convenient, for good, sound corn, well ripened. will stand through all the cold, weather of fall or winter without detriment. PARAGRAPHS J. H. Klippart, Secretary of the State Board of A.griculture, has - received ad vices from various parts of , Ohio that the prospect for a large yield of fruit is good. The Utica Herald remarks that the prospect for farmers the present year is most unprecedently promising. Flour, woolen and cotton goods, and most arti cles the farmers have to buy, are cheaper than they bays been before since the war; while beef cattle, butter and cheese command high prices and find ready sale, It is too early yet, of course, to form any conjecture in relation to the coming crops. But very few hop yards will be set out in Otsego county, New York, this year. No hop roots are being sold in Coopers town. Old and woen out yards are be ing' plowed up. It is Safe to estimate that there will be from five hundred to eight hundred acres less of hops cultivated in that county than last year: The largest rose bush in France is at Toulon. It covers a - wall seventyfive feet long by eighteen in height, and near the root measures two feet eight inches round. In the months of April and May it produces 50,000 roses. The North British Agrieslturist says that milk fever abounds wherever cows, as in Ayrshire, are bountiful milkers. Putting the animals on short commons for a fortnight or .three weeks before• calving, will greatly lessen the niamberof cases.. Eggs are preserved on a large scale in , Paris by placing in wire baskets about a dozen at a time, and immersing them for about a minute in boiling water. A thin layer of the eggs coagulates on the inner surface, of the shell, forming a film imper meable to air, A lecturer before the Industrial Vni versity of Illinois, presented figures show ing that the cost of seed, labor, harvest ing and marketing an acre of corn is $10; of an acre. of 'wheat, $11.25.. ,Allowing sixty bushels for• the crop of torn, and twenty for •the wheat, the price of the corn seventy-five cents and the ;wheat two dollars, the grOss value per acre of the whifat 1111.40; of the corn $45. A machino.has been; invented and pa . o PgatiOn In California, which, it is saidthas cat, thraitied,•cleaned and sacked the wheat.from twenty acres in ten hours, with only three men to work 4t. It is said that if a sheep or Calf is cov ered with a rubber or leather Spread, or thirk 'blanket,'and tobacco smoke be made under this cover*, .every tick and nit will be'destroyed in half an hour or. less. • A NEW evidence'of the wide diffusion of Oriental religions In Europe dating the earlier centurlea of our era his just come to light at Bayeux. Among the remains of a triumphal arch of the third century, buried in the foundations of 'the Cathedral. the workmen have found afigure of. Men, the Phcenician Moon od, bearing on hiS head the double cres cotte. cent, and in his hand the mystic pine firlTplnlGH": GiZMW nMß)7*ir; Nkr,,,M;.L1889 NIMMMIMINNEhr THE OIRPILLIVP 61;111trer A Allegheny county. ' - In the Estate of WI4IAM CALDWELL, Dee'd. No. 3, Dei.einber Term, 1369. Alias Writ of Partition. To 3fra. Jane Sk lien, formerly Jane C, idwell. now Intermarried with Samuel Stillest, Margaret Powell, formerly widow of William Caldwell dead, now intermarriud with Reuben Powell, Robert Caldwell, J. W. Caldwell, Elizabeth Scott, formerly' Elizabeth Caldwell, now inter married with Daniel Scott, heirs, &c., of William Caldwell, deceased, late of West Deer Township, Allegheny county, Penna. • Yon are hereby notilled that an Inquisition will be held in pursuance of the above mentioned writ of partition or valuation on the premises in West Deer Township, Allegheny county, Pa., on TUESDAY NAY 18th, 1869, AT 10 O'CLOCK A. M., to make partition to and among the heirs of said deceased to such manner and in such propenion as by the laws of this Commonwealth is directed, n , at which time and place you may attend if you think proper. MANUEL B. CLUILEY, Sheriff. SHERIFF'S OFth,FICE. Plttsuargh.April 51869. THE oarnAN . s , COURT OF Allegheny eonney. In the Estate of JAMES EINDNAN, Deceased L'io. 7, December Term, 1868. Alias Wri of Partition. To Margaret Ann Hindman, widow of James Hindman, deceased; Eliza H. Dunlap, for merly 'Eliza H. Hindman, intermarried with John- Dunlap; James Hindman, William Hindman, Joseph Hindman, Margaret H. Goshen, formerly Margaret H. Hind man, intermarried with William Goshen: and Mary Aber, formerly Mary Hindman, intermar ried wig" William Aber, heirs &c., of Jiunes Hindman, duo , d, late of Jeffers')." township, Al legheny county, Pa. You are hereby notified that an inquisition will beheld In pursuance of the above mentioned writ of partition and valuation, on the premises, Jefferson township, 'Allegheny county, Penni., ON TIIIIII,SOAY, 20th f 1809, AT 10 O'CLOCK, A. K., to make partition to and among the hFirs of said deceased In such manner and In such proportions as by the laws of this Commonwealth Is directed. &c., at Which time and place you may attend if you think proper. SAMUEL B, CUTLET, Sheriff. SHEItIIT'S or.Orcs, April sth, I*olo. TN THE ORPHANS' COURT OF ..I. Allegheny county. In the Estate of FREDERICK WEHLING, Dec'd. No. 3, March Term, 1909. Writ of P3ltition To Charles Welding. John Wehllng, William We Wilhamins Welding._ intermarried with bleary Degrotytr. So c rhi. Wehling, inter. married with Wid e‘__Sophut Fr. Notte, Eliza IL Frederick Caroline W. Notte, ' W. Notte, W. Notte. Anna W. Notte, children of Caroline Meyer, eceased. wlio was married to Frederick W. ' None. she being a daughter of Caroline Welling, deceased, ttophia Meyer, Intermarried wit h Frederick titucameyer. said Eophia having died and lett one child, Bertha Stuekmeyer, Charles tituckineyer. Wilhelmina Meyer, Intermarried with John Feel!. Sophia Wehllng. Intermarried with Henry Vogel. WU. !lam Weh ing, Lina Wilbeirrina Web- Rug, children of David Welding, Henry Web ling, Eliza Wehling. Maria Wenling, William Waling and Frede. lek Notte, Guardian ad Musa of Sophia Notte. Eliza Notte. Caroline Notte, Ida Nolte Frederick N o tie, Bertha iituckineler, Charles Meyer, Wilhelmlna Meyer. Louisa Web ling, Wilbelmina Wehling, gilzaWehling. Maria We ling anti William w ehling, heirs, ge,, of rrederkk Wehling, deceased. late of Lower St. Clair township. Allegheny county, Penna. • ott are hereby notiiied that an indabeh ion will be held in pursuance or the above mentioned Writ of Partition ant valuation ou the premises in Lower St. Clair township, Allegheny courtly, Penna., on Tuesday, 25th Day of Hay, 1869, AT 10 O'CLOCK A. M., To make partition td and smear the heirs of sald deceaied in such manber and in such proportions as or the laws grads Cominonwealth is directed. and at which time and place you may attend if you think grope:. ISMEILTEL B. CLITLEY, Sheriff. Surnifirs (IFFICE. Pittsburgb. Aprli.s. 1869. NOTICE. --By a Decree of the Court, made at Beaver . Couriy, Pa.. April 28, 1869, the undersigned was confirmed Receiver of C. IL HALL & CO., and in compliance therewith I will dispose of Lubricating and. Refined Oils and Batrela of said Om. and will sell at Public Sale, on the premises, in the Borough of Glasgow, Heaver County, Pa., on the BTH OF JUNE NaXT, at I o'clock P R., all the propetty of C. H. Hall & Co., known as the **Point 011 Works." consist ingoi Leases, Machinery, Tanks, Buildings, etc. Ac., tggether with all oils t: en remaining unsold. Terms Cash., And also give notice to all persons indebted to said firm to make immiv e. - akt ->~,' l W . OPEA 110V8E. Lessee ....... . . WY. H> . CA .. .. . . TiIESD Y EVEN bfai 116. every Even. leg and Wednesday and S' turday Afternoons. SECOND WEEK, HIORIPTT • Novelties for it:vs 'week: Burlesque Feallroad Scene; After Dart ; Oriental scarf Hallett' Polls!' moos; 3utigrian Pas de Dena; Nes.polttan N wand Laugbable Tricks. ONY DENIER. AS CLOWN. 'BED In the skating carnival. Id Beautiful Culmination Scene. 1c PEN iI.O. pgNEFIT of TONY Ape n avail • n nche of Novelties in preoar cssio. E321M1 Giaod al IPKIDA DENIER at for t MrP JEISTNIk g WE cora WED), ativcrapula FORTY ,TTSBURGII TIEC WILLIAMS. Leadee are Manager. NGEL. NV: B. HAVANaGIi aml the virtu a splendid bill. ^ DAY liitXT the gorgeous ontental burle , que ea.led THE FEM IIn.YES. Atniallatt, Certain orthe Han MASSLEY. evee Matinee on Satordly. Forty Mg' Forty Th! AND LINELVS MUSEUM ARLOR MEINAGFEIEUE, The• at Family Resorts, FIFTH "VENUE. between Bralthtleld Wood streets, opposite Old Theatre. AwOpen bay and Evening all the year round. Admission. fib cents: Chltdreti. lb cuss. Iigr4CDEINY .7. 4 OF BIFSIG THE RENEGADE OF THE POTOMAC. A N. ,, T10N,4.1, DRAMA IN FIVE ACTS, Under the inspires of Posts i 6 and 81 G. A. R. FOE Six NIGHTS ONLY! COMMENCING Monday Evening, May 10,1869. UnderTANNEßsion and ran arement N. A. L. of the Pittsburgh Theatrc. and late of Pire' a Opera lionse, Cincinnati. Characters by Members of the Otder. PRICES OF ADMISSION. Paretic tte and DLess °bele Family Circle Gallery Reserved open t ce ertra. Box °Lace open from 10 A. M. t in 3P. IL TO THE- PUBLIC. The "Grand Army 'of' the Republic" Is 'cont. posed of doldlers of the Union who served In tno late Rebehlon The Private Fa flier is the peer of the hlrhest ()Meer. The objects of the orintnl ration are charitable. benevolent, Just. odds' and patriotic, and should command the respect of all good citizens. To extend's helping hand rhoe widows whose husbands and sons were o amides, many of whom Ile buried on tee the or battte Odds or In the cemeteries of the laud, Ind toandst In the eupp ra of crippled so:dlcrs, awl the edam non of the soldiers' orphans, we respectfully ask the patrons& of a generous public - 111/1 COMMITTEE. rgraiLisoNitc.HALL. EVEICETT, THE ILLUSIONIST & PRESTIDiGITATEUR, In his strand' presentation entertalments THIS (THURSDAY) EVENING, May Eltb, and eves,' tight this wee k. 00 in breenbacks, independent of 99 other valuable presents. to be given away honestly and. Impartially every night. A new programme of wonders every night. AdMissfon 510 cents. Family tickets, admitting six persons-81. No half price. Doors open at 7 T H lSmmence at 8 P. at. Grand. Matinee (bATURDAY) AFTER NOONt on which occasion every child will re ceive a pram-lu ll Doors omen a 1; to'commence at 8,4 P. at. MARKET ALL. BIRMINGH&M, foe six nights. cemmelcing MONDAY, MAY 10th. latifkl.96 _ . . . LEI asi ) . • The Artificia Limb Maimfaiihrilig CO. CHARTERED BY THE STATE OF PENNA.' All Shareholders are Men.liVemmtnir Limbs. ado by the Company. the To those requ ring a limb we would say that our own experie ee has induced us to establish a factory here that Wet, Id make a comfortable and b% durable limb for reasonable price. Aft, r try ing a number o sulfa sreket anti padded socket legs, we have his e h found mere comfort and use. we ln t“ADJUdTABLE .LACEING SOCKET,' tt an in any othvr made ln the court. try. One of our number, a skilled mechanic, has charge yf the snap.. We have bought the right to use twO of the best patents. and way expert. tnce we hope to Improve ta every that win add to the comfort,durabillty orappearance of the limbs we nuke. i We have put the price of our new legs at e 130.! Persons from' a distance are only detained In the city while the measure and a cast of the Injured limb Is taken. • !Ile saving to purchasers, as compared with , Eastern prices, is \ fro r a i l r oadil" in tue price of legs; -t least 'SAOfare hotel bills and other traveling expenses, and we are satisfied that our litab toll/give bitter aatisfactson. than any one made fn/Vim Pork or Philadelphia Ii we can get orders, we can maintain bur factor? at:the above price, and we therefore ask au eX.- amination before going elsewhere. We make to order and keep on hand a supply of atteklngs braces , and appliances for injured or deformed limbs, also, crutenes, trusses, shoul der braces. tte. For further . nformatlon t.r clr-' cular, containing many testimonial letters trout - those who have worn on r artificial limes. address AtIX , FICIAL LIMB 31 A.NUFACTURING CO, tro. 803 PENN STREE I'. between Thirteenth. anti Fourteenth, - Pittsoursb. Pa. - ani3:lllls rill? _ _ EGS BINMIEPTCY PLAYED Olt $2,00• -THIS CARD entitla the bearer, on presentation, to TWO DOLLARS abatement on cash purchase of $95.00 a 6 the greit cheap clothing house of S. C. TIZAVERNIAM : omuniAL xumßE'slit,, Sixth Btreei, late St: elati. • 'Nobody beat by tble eetabllabmenk but far dealing to alit .Call and. be _convinced. All clothing plainly marked by printe4 cards, at LO wEsr CAW PRIOES,' 13p that no one may be 'deceived. -.Remember, the; plea% arignud big number 11, 81%T8• ISTILVET, Ism Bt. Olair. ~ • BJCWOMC VI" COUNTklInClin OF 211181 TRAMII4?fi • • • !It • • . . • „•, • •r• • - • • • -• • - .•-•+ 801430 SLATE iiIIIODB Q►u lines and ' Colorsi c •. . . Particular attenticin given to kaying Slate nd. repairing Etate too tr; • !'or particulars and prices MintElts I 4.,141,Yeath Avenues • Zan rODBIIII3IOOI,- ~•AR 0.-1;111,1111:; fj .s aii t aaataystiedtv;soie , V an wren' A•e Cement and Grave' Roolaib al° testaktot . 1141;1111 4. ging . • MO cents. 35 cents. 25 cents. ill ME