1 El Vittokrgt Gairtts, THE LANE SUPERIOR IRON REGION . • Although the iron interests of Pittsburgh - I are largely dependent upon the rich Supe • actor Iron Ores, and almost every day we may see `several car loads, consigned ?to some one of our blast fliniaces, yet the isolated peninsula , from whence --this won -1 • - • derful metaLiferoupdeposit is obtained is an almost terra ineognsta to most of our citi- - Sens. - While indulging in the relalatien of a recent autumn trip to the Aron mines, we noted a few facts, relative to thiti region, which may not prove entir ly devoid of terest to your readers. For a pleasant summer vacation wcknow Cfno trip so iirdmising, as to relaxation, health or'pleasure, - as that to the diversified ' shores of Lake Superior. The cool, clear, "bracing `atmosphere, the trip on the Lakes, the changing scenery, the appetizing diet, all attract the tired man of business, ' and promise a fresh stock of energy for the wear ing routine of every day lite, on his return. With the , Lake route, from Cleveland to Eagle River and Ontonagon, many of our citizens are agreeably acquainted; this leads 'to the region of copper. ' But leaving the 'excursion steamer'at Marquette, you are in the region'of iron, and with this we shall at present, content ourselves. TEE ROUTE TO. TEE . MINES. There are two routes to the Lake Superi •or iron region. The first, as above indica ted, via Cleveland and lake steamer to Mar quette; the second via Chicago and Green Bay, tol Escanaba, the rival shipping port for the iron ores on Be,y , de Noquet, at the head of Green May. The time from Pitts burgh toEscanaba is 36 hours; distance 708 miles. The accommodation for travellers is =amassed for the entire distance over the - P.. Ft. W. & C. R. R., as most Pitta burghers know,' travellers are rapidly and . comfortably carried, across the great States of 'Ohio, Indiana and part of Illinois, and from the head of the Ohio to the margin of the greatlakes of the West, inalmut eigh - teen hours: At, 'Chi go, you find a great consolidated system of Railroads, including' all the. lines West and • Northwest from ChimA_ known as the "Chicagoand North -- west Rai lways." . :This is the great Vander - hilt • 'connection of the New York Roads, • 'running in connection with the Michigan Road and the Lake Shore Lines, ruching its iron arms - directly west by the Dixon Alt Line to foam, Omshaand the 'Union Pacific, si.erthwest via Janesville to St. Paul and - Minnesota; north via , •Fort ' Howard and Green Bay to the Peninsula and Ontonagon —rultimately to, Superior city, atthe extreme • western outlet of thegreatlakes, and thence to the Mississippi, at St. Paul, by a road now building. • This• vast net work of railways is operated under the same man agement, with Samuel , 43.--Tilden, of Itjetv "York, 'as President, and : Wm. B. Ogden, of Chicago, as Vibe Prisident, ,forming, to gether with its various west and northwest connections, a gigantic monopoly. At Chicago we took the carers( the Wis . cousin division of this great Northwestcon , solidation, for Fort Howard, at the \ South ern end of Green Bay, and across theriver . from the flourishing city of the same name. This trip of two hundred and forty-two miles occupies abouttwelve hours; the route is through Ililwankie or. Janesville as you may select, passing, through the - g arden of Vi r isconain, and the flourishing towns of Oshkosk, Fondulac and Dupere. Here the 'C. &. N. W. R. R. connects with its line of elegant paddle wheel steamers, which carry us up this beautiful bay, with its lumber and fishinginterests,ene hundred and twen ty miles to the new town of 17.64*AR4 1 i ii - The Southern terminus_ of the Peninsular bran& of the ante grW. consolidated rail-' way lines, about whichirnehave been'speak- Bal terminates at "the door," as navigators term the eastward passage out into the lakes. "Sand Point" is. a long 'tongue of low, sandy beach, projectbig from the bay into the peninsula, upon the Bittern extremity of which the "govenunent has recently erected a - substantial- light house: Bounding this point, and turning the prow of our - steamer Westward, we are in great`Bay do Atcspiet, and presently cable to the railroad -docks 'at Escanaba, anew town,which was =a wilderness five years ago.- Looking around we see that we are in the iron region of Lake. Superior. Just above where we Come to the dockis a long, high tresseled dock, built on stout pilisiwith a train of low; clay colored'dump care upon it; a number of vesselaare moored. along aide, in fourteen' feet of water, the harbor perfectlyy land-locked, receiving their cargo of ores dire4from the cars. We Bee inimense heaps of -"Wilmington" and "Brier - Hill" coal on these docks; also cords of pig iron ,-the best charcoal pig—on its wayy, from the local fnfnaces to'the - mills of Ohio and Pennifylvania. But we will only stop here a few minutes, as the train is filling up for the hut stage of our tour; presently , we are off for . 1311 The WA to " f the - Iron Min • Mines, sixty -flue miles distant from Escanaba, and fourteen inileafrom Marquette: The railroadfrom the bay,ls, though a primeval forest of cedar, Ursam and •phie, the soil is sandy loam, and the surface is , ahnOst a water live!. • - The rails stietch,eway,off in a . straight per spective, until they seem to reverse the' rule . that Vivoparallel cannot meet." - We encounter no other"symptoms of civilization then the straight, level roadwa,y, with an occasional wood chopper's , shanty, or a intritch tender's hOuse; there is not a clear ing, or a hotuxt, besides, until" wo reach (loose Lake, or Lake Fairbanks, fifty-eight stiles inland, when we are' startled from our reveries by a village of rather over-_ grown Hottentot huts, • whitewashed, built in a long line, alongside the new tracL , On inquiry, we learn that these are theeharcoal, ovens of tlie Pioneer _Faros ces; they are composed of cast iron, brick or atone, lined withilve feet brick 'inside ' and plastered with cement ontside,whitewashed, so as ,- , enable the colliers detect - leaks the more readily. It is deemed the more nomical method of burning charcoal, as ' - these . ca n ,be taken down and moved, when the woodin thier vicinities lias been burned off. • But we pass by the ovens and the Lake, and are presently in the flourishing , little town of Negannee, t ot about ,3,000 inhabi tants, principally engaged in the iron mines, or interests connected therewith, Beth the zoad we have traveled, end the Marquette Toad 'connect Negatmee ' with the outer and, their westward projections and • 1u riches,, the iron mines, extending • some,eixteenmileswestward." Twenty-two. yeare.age tliis was a wild and uninhabited " raglan,. lincm , only, to the "Indians. ~,In 4845. john Western and P. 3L. Everett, guided by an Indian; discoircsed the now celebrated Jibe znotuttain worked by the JaCksottliontlempszkv. qpantiq' of this legutikable deposit wits' ideated from the '• mew, packed bybalf tb the month of the Carp river,(now where the a tOWn of Marquette. is) - em thence transported, in canoes to the Sadie, and, on heingshipped .so Detroit; was,leStS , by supposed:experts/ , , EMI • . - • yr 7,7:77- •• '.7. 1 ,4 ' ,14. 1 .%ri Cl.l 11:''''',"?'"‹ • • . • • ' • , . . , 41,1 - •1‘ • ' •-• , • - ' . • • 4. . - • Nil and pronounced wortau. To-day, the region around Negannee contains a popula tion of 15,009 people, and yields a product of about 500,000 tons of .the richest iron ore, in America, from which nearly one-fifth of all the iron or• the United States is made.- Tar pion gsstoat - of Lake Superior Is all included : within the limits of Marquettikcounty t lEChigais, with in a range'abotit sit miles wi* =fling in a northwest end southeast Wane, from the vicinity of Lake Fairbinke (Goose Lake) on the east, in. town 47 N. of range 28 W. to Kenesaw Say,,in town 49 N. of range 33 W—a distance of nearly one hundred miles. The mines now opened and being worked are all situated on the east end of the range, indicated, the. most:remote. from. Gegannee being the .Wighington, Edwards, and Chainplon, the latter-near the east shore of Lake Michi_ This is known as the Marquette 'ltange.'• At the point where fhb range Is intersected' by the Me- nominee river, explorers rertort thatanother range.of iron ore, of very, rich quality, is found on both sides Of that strea m , down to about Town As this section is yet a wilderness, traversed - only by thi explorers for minerals and timber, and as both are now, and for some years-will be, inaccessi ble, if'existing at all of course the value of this range ise question of the future. In order to fully apprehend the extent of the Iron business, the following 'sable is giyen, showing the total production of the principal mines. of the districta during the year 1887: ' - tGross Tone.. Jackson Mine ' 126 390 Cleveland Mine 83,649 New York Mimi 47,000 Lake Superior Mine 119,935 Pittsburgh dc L. Angelin Mine 46,607 New England Mine - 9,075 Edwards Mine - (new) • 4,980 Washington Mine " 24440 Iron Nit Mine (new) 5;0041 Marquette Mine (new) • • ' 7,8 W Foster Mine - (new) " 1,000 Champion Mine (new) 1,00, Total • 477,903 I4otwithstanding this large yield, repre senting about 238,900 tons of Pig Iron, little beside surface , work has yet been done at any of the mines; all the mineral has'been 'quarried from sh allow opennigs in the tides of the iron hills. is•only during the past two or three years that pumping machinery has been 'erected - at two or three of the minqs,for iirsinagq,, began. It I . - . ':PRISON DLSCEPLINE. Correipondence of the IL l Elazette.) • Many articles have, within a few Months, appeared in the -Gail.= and Commercial on "Prison IlikelplMe" and "Solitary Con finement," and all of them condemnatory of thel PennsYlvania system. Some have denounced it as tending to "brutalize" the prisoner, and the denunciation has been without proof or assigning any reason. In your issue of Saturday (November 7th) yOu beim an editorial headed ' Prison Discip line," which, although not at all of the ohar aetzr of empty - denunciations, yet.seems to have been written Without a thorotigh knowl edge of the Pennsylmia (separate) 'system of Imprisonment," oD.of its practical work ings...lf I understand your remarks upon the system which "Panzusylvanift, some for ty years ago, putinto _practice,'you deem it "the evadvbsuet theory"--"the _criminal is a wolf capable of neither repentance nor reforontion--cill you leant is to chain him." Now. gentlemen; the wry stimulue that led to the examination of previouresysteins of imprisonment=to 'their condemnation and the;adoption siflt‘the separate system" was the conviction that the prisoner teas ca pable of "repentance" and "reformation," and that it wrias - c4ristian duty, to endeavor to-reform him and not merely confine him as under' a "wild beast. theory," Ili which society was to be protected from. further in jury, bat no good attempted for the prise Le made lo reclaim him. Vitae na a4vrison discipline bad always been-- infficiently positive-uid often very crueli,but nothing in them tended to'reform the convict,. Christians, in Pennsylvania, recognizing 'that State, prisoners, like all other sinners, bad immortal so uls-that they were to ,be cared for, and all the means that- could be brought to bear upon them while undergoing "confinement and pun ishment," sMuld be resorted to to lead them to repent'of and forsake their evil ways—to make the prison a School of reform, and to aim at making Christruut of its , inmates. 13uth are the moral, the human, the Chris., 4 'tiara designantidasire—nO "wad beast Med ry,"—h'pwever, you may think they - failed to reach their ends by the system they ~WhatAs that system? The Pennsylvania Separate System of Prison Discipline con . • - ' . / , Farseparation of one convict from all others, 4at is, frOm evil companionship l and infinen - • I ei y .,..., Se .....nifTition at some usefhl branch of trad a sufficient length of time, eat day, to affor ixidily exercise-4arn some ing tower defrayingbialexpense to the State while in prison, and enab le, him to wire knowledge of a trade by - • which honestly to support himself after . his discharge from -prison. .But the task of work , was limited ai m to such an amount sale leave him abundant time for • • ~ - • Third-Moral and Intellectual Cul ' . 'To aid him .In this a Moral Instru ct ris made an officer, _ of.•the prison, r whose duty Is didly to visit among , the prison ra— giving appropriate religions and mo in struction and counsel—selecting from a well stored library, suitable books for those that can read- - and': becoming the school master to such as never had the 'benefit of an education: ' • - Three,times, daily, the prlioner Sees an officer who supplies his rations-4nd to whom he can make known any want or desire. He is, 'also visited in his cell, daily, and oftner if needed, to be instructed in his trade and to have his work examined. The Warden makes his - rounds of visitation conversing with and counselling:these pris oners—and whehever they desire it, they can eallfor the physichar for his attention and advice. ..Now, gentlemen, in all this there is nothing to be seen -in the "wild beast theory." Each prisoner has a good sized, well lighted, Wellventilated roo—' with a hydrant affording Oni undance of good fresh water._ ' , , , You remark justly, "our discipline most seek to educate the prisoner. ; If he cannot read and write snd cypher; let:these arts be taught hinfas ameana of present pastime, and future usefulnesi.: If he has no ' , trade, let him kern one.' It *ill' nuke him 'wilder and more useful member of, the community, etc." ' Are`not t h ese the 'tit at try ends aimed in the squad'? ayete4f And to ' scours ; the "filithfa the the aopeintritent'of Inepicrara entrusted tfaelittbrilA POW, Wherilri:4 l wPAPra wire iialavett , (MIX af fatty politica-11ot then_bein— g elected-4tuat moral and intellectual fitziesirfotthe - office might be alone considered, null - the .position and the small, emoluments -. given All• salaries to-the Nar Ca - atoll other -officials under might be cianferio as party spoils and rewards 14 mere politicians. "As farthar and - Ada - means of reform,"' you say "the prisoner should liaic the 0 P- P:irtnlr3W ienietakt against the time :of , refease.!' was by MI PITISBTIRGH AZETJE Tt SD Y. ' NOVEMBER 17. 1868; paying hint for over work, whichever)? one so &pond could accomplish, as the tasks were never so , great : but that they could be Completed by =industrious convict in two- Mira of the time allotted ice - wort. Be sides: a small sum of money is kilroli to each . prisoner by the Btate..o Ake time of his din- : "A year or two, " assert, "reduces the majority to ea ch CitoPtdo'sfolia, famous date that, beyond that ume, nothing trundle butmadness or deep-settledrevenge." This is. not 14u:corder= with facts... :Witness the 8.1211 reports of all the oilicerti. The fac that Auburn has adopted the lint forth° solitary system, and that with sanitary aid economical adrantages, is a strong argument against our solitary "Ursa; 42dion. -- When - did "Aubtirn" try. the Pennsylvania System ? And in what do her reports show any 'sanitary advantages?' None—and none were'to have been expect. ed. "The inmates dare ndt speak, but it is such a privilege to see the Imam nice." Can - there be greater refinement ;' of cruelty than - to bring men together, with' social na tares, and yetithey "dare not speak" or hold any communication with each other, not even 1 to 'express their most urger g want, but,at the peril of immediate and severe ; punishment ? And undei.this congregate, sirent syttem, if a prisoner' by Ireason o f skill or industry completes Lie - allotted task before - the usual time of sloe the work of the shop, he is Compelled" t0..- - bicutiy place without change of k position to give relief, and not permittedieven tolook towards his fellow convicts at work, lig there; might be, in that look, sone kind of conaniunfeation! ` What a "privilege to see the human face !" But my article is be; I . coming too extended, although hays not Inoticed all the remarks, opirdone and user : . '#onsOf your editorial- on' "Prison Discip line,"Which I desired, . .Cirtzsar. / SETH EXTRACTED j Nvrmiou'r -'PAIN! . NO CHARGE MADE WIDER , ANTDMILAL TEETH ADE 01IDERKO.1 A TULL 831:7170B 69, AT DR. 'Booms. an rim "ennurr, ap noon asavz ALL WORN WAMANTWiI•4:___.;AItL AND EX ANIND . fimucturs oP , itts vtcrifig, ri wziir #4uELLIE, ' 1 '., - klenufaetimen an* Rrlia — isale Dialers In I. Lamps, Lanterns, Chandelle il 'AND LAMP 'GOODS. ~ 1 Also, oessem a.ND LUBRICATING AIL % BENZINE, &o 70,147 Wood Sixjeet. • seam= . Betireattith and Btlt Avenees. OEKENT, SOAP. STONE, &c. ici!DßALTruic -cam. "BOAP STONE. car Tors, WATICE FM& ap.11:5•70 1104111.1110 CENT DRAIN PIPE, Chearest and best Pipe in the market.l Also, 110- 151CNDALE liT/HrAITLIC CEXITarr Ibr sale. B. B. & C. d. BROCIEETT &CO. Ogles and Xannfaetery-5140 1321311EC0A Allegheny. agr.Orders by mall promptly attended CIONSVIOTIONZUEUZS. GEORGE BEATEN, -clam= Cal DIES AND T - end dealer in all kinds of arETITS, 'PION T.XJ3, BAUOBI3. JELLIES, de., ao. • • 1 set ' TEDIERAL ET., Jalenbenl." AIIiSY V. Hornung, Confectionery and Bakery No. 1100 I sismsT. 1 Between deirentll and Winn% *IPLODEISI . orwras Baux;l4 attaithed. GEO. SOIECLELEIN, Fancy Cake Baker & Confectioner, A p.a. I. 1011XION & DOXICIITIO =MIS Ntrra, No. 40, tiOnter irederai ltatitnacni - stseAt_s, Mk. gbesy• cranstuiny an Caraut. of Tatou flavors.. (MASS, OEMA. OVIMERY. fiL.ANIS AND . 1 QUEENIIWARE, PLATED WAR", PARIAH STATUETTES, 80, - - 0 1 +, - : 1 MMUI! lakig4 lind other STAPIAD ADD pAptcrit aeons, great variety. 100 WOOD STREET. - . RICHARD R. BREED & 'CO. MERCHANT TAILORS. 14r. (Ls!te cutter with W. iiespeeheie4) / 111 EqE 74 , riCUADVI 4 No. 53 Smithfield Street, Pittelnirgh. jEW FALL GOODS. . Alplendid new lioek of . • car. , 071119,;CA55.12118 0 6c0. dnae received by HENRY MEYER:. • melt 1. Xerakant Tallorvillj3mltifeld streei. SEWING MACHINES. pal atugAT I :AXERICAN CORP 81117911-110 AND agsvnrG Tammayri: EIWA.I6 , . targ* e " N. Lt 4 rlcav Ttne Eva isktor A.Ol IN Tk q_ 411, _Vi Eq. • TRINBICALLY TH E SIPA/canto wanted to sell thltireerdne. Alroat '4l7llWit." 47: - 113..AXASX,,,Ear , • _ . Cm Western r erniniwarda. Corner Irtrrit.AND ItANKftT SWUM'S, over Inehardson.i Jewelry Store. • • 4141' OR SALE, . : . I FIRE SEED WHEAT, AT ate mason ST. I . /ITTONCOON; ideOZZERY,A EM , . f DEINTISTRY GAS EMMY H. ditildrali . • 25 Wood meet. 11431711ACIMBER OF iiiiiiii 100 WOOD lITIUCKT 100 WOOD . 01111(arl'e TBIKIKINCHI AND NOTION'S, DRESS, CLOAK aL BWITILLA • - naBIENGS, A 'Great Variety of .A.ll - Styles, IT ' JOSEPH HORNE & Coi3. 6. OVIPCRE LACE, . Loops, Trlsuolaz Sallee, Nektons, Croehet, silica for yarrete, RV% Trimming* and Velvet -111bnene,/ - a. LADIES' AND inrinaWaAl. 010 - The best agiortment In the city.% KID GLOVES, all ehadeeand alzes. . WINTER. GLOVES, of all styles. , • WOOLEN