1 4
cat
of • pro
vittsnur t-leb att. , act ce o llr , \ 4 ' 8 tehessilFk a
4 I !Zs ..
.. - -, .
mu we i .Ilveat'ssati hot
. ...•
~_ , ;.; 4 t •.:-_,
,L. the thestiotkoOtdmiitistspikesa unOktittilo
' lur , thlllUallaii: ' 'Aitatt, nearly the While of
the lasariqq, wasdeymed_ to the question of
liiiidinismon under the Leeompton constitution.
Sandpit RI sf4tunftraionitblo to require the pea:
pie of Kansas te..Wait.,. before making a third at
tempt,-tmlit -11 ‘. number-of -their Inhabitants
shall amount teninety-three thousand four hun
dred andliettalt -- ' Tlntiiii thief brief period, the
hammy of the States, as Well as the great lin
einem, Interests ef . the ionntrY,'lsmand th at the
Union shill not fora: Sart' time be convulsed
by another agitation on the Kansas question.—
By waiting for a short time andacting-in obedi
incato law, Kangas will glide into the Union,
withent the slightest impediment.
This excellent provision, which Congress have
applied to Kansas, ought to be extendedand
rendered applicable to all Territories. Which
- may hereafter seek,admiesitio into, the Union,
-IVhils,congress possesses the undoubted
power of_ admitting a, new State into the Union,
however small may, be the number of inhabi
tants, yet this power ought not, in my opinion
to be exercised before the population shall
amount to the ratio required by the act' for the
admission of Kansas. Had this been previous
ly the rule. the country would have escaped all
the evils and misfortunes to which it has been
exposed by the Kansas question.
Of course, it would be unjust to give this rule
a retrospeotive#pplication,and exclude a State
which, acting upon the past practice of the
government, has nlready formed its constitution,
elected its legislature and other officers, and is
now prepared to enter the Union.
. The rule ought to be adopted, whether we
Consider is bearing on the people of the Terri
tories or upon the people of the existing States.
Many of the serious dissensions which have pre
veiled .in Congress and.throughout the country,
would-have been avoided, had this rule boon
established at an earlier period of the gOvern
meat..
~
Immediately upon the' formation cf a new
Territory, people from different States and from
foreign countries rush into it, for the laudable
purpose of improving their condition. Their
first duty to themselves isto open and cultivate
farms, to contract roads, to establish schools, to
erect places of religions worship, and to devote
their energies generally to reclaim the wilder
ness and to lay the foundations of a flourishing
and prosperous commonwealth. If, in this in
cipient condition, with a population of a few
thousand, they mnia prematurely enter the
Union, they are oppressed by the burden of
State taxation, and the means necessary for the
Improvement of the Territory and the advance
ment of their own interests, are thus diverted
to very different purposes. '
The federel government has ever hew a liberal parent to
the Territories', sod a generous contr:buter to the useful ete
terprital - eirthe early eettlera It has paid the enemata of
their governmenta and legialstive assembles oat of [hewn,
mon tetanal'', and thus Collared thorn frottialeavy chug".
Under these circumstances, nothing can - be better — calwlatad
t.....Ca1d Mai , "anttviel Proftwea, thus
to divert them tftm.,
Weir useful employmemts, by prematurely exciting eogry
political eOntoat• any theenselwa, for the laue9t of aspir
ing leader.. It is snooty no hardship for embryo governors
seuatow, and umbers of Ootegreee, to wait until the num
ber of inhabitant* Wall equal those of a ale& congrewdon
*PC:strict They surely ought not to be permitted to rush
Into the Onion, with a gloatedoo lees than wohalf of we
eral et the large counties in the interior of some of the
Steles. This was We condition of Kanase when it made
spplkation to he admitted under the Topeka earactlentlop.
&tildes, it requires axon time to render the mwe of a pops
laden collectett in • now Territory, at all laortingenecrua, and
to unite them on any thing lige a Died policy. Pstablish
the rule, and all will look forward to it and gores them-
Waft allerdingly.
But Justice to We people of rho sarernl Etates require,.
that this role should be established by Congas. Should
the people of the States fail to elect a Vim, President, the
'power devotees upon the Senate to wtect this offlear from
the two highest cwdidetes on the list. In case of the death
of the President, the ViwPraddent thus elected by the Sen
ate, becomes:Preeident of the United State. On all ques
thaw of kgialaUort. the musk. freest the smallest Stabs el
the Union hereon equal vote with thcao from the largest.
The twee may be said to regent to the rota:Eldon of tree
ties and of.Exemattve appolotnaents MI this tee worked
admirably In practice, whilst it conforms In principle wita
the character of - a - weerument Instituted by aorerelgo
State.. I presume no Americana citizen would dastie the
slightest change in the arrangement. Still is it not naiad
and unequal to thee:Wing States to (west souse terry or
fifty do:mond poeple Collteted into a Territory with
Waltontrawls. of sovereignty, and place them on an equal
with Virginia awl Stew York in the Eonsto of the 'Coded
Read
S. It IDD -AC-C
aarrgss Ma Ai 4.""k+z 7024,,
-IP=Ts3b!.o . 4(7l:2il ‘ i - C
WEDNESDAY MORNING, DEC: 8 . ; 1859
--President's.. Message. -
o.4....istavorgusepui,
rind Ho w.
-„-Rhea we compare s .
condition of the. e6eiAL
• , try lathe present day with:what it Watinie year
s e b i Z 40411 5114 congrae,46: have Much
man fcrripiriditide to that Almighty Proridenot,
Widob has never:ladled to • interpose for ?dire=
last . critical periods of our hiatori.
°aortae ago, the sectional strife
_between the
• North • and South on the langeroll sakitof of
Islawitr,,lnadogabi beceine to latrines to threao.
'ninths peace and perpetuity of the ootifederim;
The appileation for the admission of Elam as a
110Milnio tit Union, fostered this unhappy sip
and biought the whole subject once
•••• nest before Congress. It was the desire elev.
patriot that such measures of legislation
Swot bikidepted as would remove the excite•
. slant fromAglititeik.sad, oinflimit•talbeTeP/
whmw 7 1egitinnitely • beloaged. ;
_Mach
liestale-dene, I em happy to asy;'.'tdirrtltt''thil
accompilliiiment'of this object, dcfrieg-Aue last
eadoa elf Colwell. • •• - .
i.ThoilumentutOeurt FiLtlleigriatteti 'Slgaallnd
previously
.decided; idaswe
' '• ; haw" an equalVigettir taker intatliefierriteries.
• :.....trinderree habil./ vi properly under. the 4_lo Ist
efly OClJigiSf&ivLotia-to . bold each t property
.. • theett an . nee the gaardisiiship - of the Titian! eon
lids is notr-a : WellierMblialietl • positiois;'ani
. • this ytteseeiltngsfof; the llit'session Were, aloes,
toemelt practical , edmt. .ToeTriesi-
plehm•been.pxoognized,.ln some teem eyaaber,L
by as almoetnianktions rote of bothl•lmees all
congress, that a territory has right to: co me
. .into thellniCasither as free or a slave, state,
saaording to the will 0(.14 :people. the - ju'L
timidity of all the ststerherbsen.thus-vindica- 1
a fruitful soiree :6f dingerou.4- amen
, . dons among them his been reatare4,'
with has balrb ,, the bilnifichd- tendency.
•OF your legislative proceedings outside' ef. Saik-t
us, thrdrinikuimto has.newhere been ao..hippji
as within that Tarrittny itself. Left to- manage;
tad control its own affairs in its own way, with-;
' - oat tie pressure of atternalinteenetythe revit-t
ltstionalf Topelte begialiation and All tetialiatu
to the territorial government establiabed kr Con
grew, hare been finally abandoned. As a natu
ral aomegnenee, that fine Territory now appears .
to be tranquil and preartions, and is attracting
inereising theintiods at' Immigrants to make it
their happy boree7, - =
• The put: Onfortaiiti ' diperienee Of Nauru
. bee enforteet the Isiesoft so often already taught,
that xetdotalea - to -• lawful autherity,,undee our of govern ment. cannot fill in the ,
Fife dlnastrois lathers, Had the pit"- '
pie.of-the Territory yielded - obedience trrthe '
law, enacted by their legislature, it would at the
present moment have contained a large addition
al, population ~tof findustriobs - and ..enteipt'ut . ing I
eitiseris, who have. been deterred from entering
its herders by theenistenee of civil strife anti or
.. gat:deed rebellieri:
II was thir.resishinct to rightful authority and
s Y the persevering attempts to establish a revolci
v :lousy goyernment under the Toneka Constitu
tion, , ismoh amused the people of MMUS afloat
' mit the grave error of refusing to vole for dele.
• gales to the 'convention to frame a COnStitutlon,
under a law not denied to be fair and jag.. in • Ita
provisiona - 7-Thilrefusal to vote • has been the
preliflo sonree of all the evils which have follow
' ed. their hostility to the territorial govern
. / thee disregarded the principle. absolutely
. essential to thiwotking of our form' of 'getern
: ment, ' thatu*sjetity of those who votenot
the majority arlio , lessy • remain at home, from
whatever cat - we::.linest decide the result of an
election. For tide' raison, eeeking
_ vantage of their own error, they denied the au
thiwity-of the convention thus elected to frame a
- tottetttntlen. • • •
Tbe sarrentiOe; , nobrithrtending, proceeded to adopt •
'"'
setatttutha anageeptiteuble io lb- p e el cad
parka tor the • blase= of the la ary e f jonTeo"
se so
vetoer the people. etalth,lnwropllo, they were boate to l
to do, under thee.Aensesan act. lids • grew the
arldeeportaat ettott which had abate cameleed the Ter
, • Meryl - setlystibeessesente orthe Lawful government,
• wedding in tbeiteret terse, refrained from gieveubs,
shoirshrtd hawk: sad preferad that slangy dotal Wee
the" tether Qua same** their rertlaticantropeli• aN
pahatke- .
A steer and better ophit ••••enesito prevail before the
dad Uand+.l:lZ,2nou7 lade abet- an elettlon was held Un-
der lb* .m.semu oseseesty ate. mph /bra voted
Its a solemn a dothar.ittetseloir'aaasal•er
°GOV.; asieweelY.or - tto awe ittutome. , Tide
-ghettos ens warmly exellested by the two
roil
paths
• ta Kesseg, end • greater vote Was palled than at any we
rloea 41 . 0, g , a- largo Inelartre Grebe - somber* af tae
laglalalara elect semen b usa peed. shade'bad melon..
ty versed to rota Toe mil starer, Tani *tea lllturplasad
' • la the aaeouleat, tad the.polltdoal gamer of the Su. ens
to their gee 1ta•dr.,.11•4 Cancer misdeed Straw , loto
the radon under the Leo metes aaallUa lba ri g& r.. .la.
at r &al amnia., herr., entree
swathe to a Tome:the, Pleads eghethere_thetbee-''"
• . •• , • 7 other question, end have
e
• • • • • all eresereary Maine fuelling speedy ...rI to the
will of the malority. Thu the KRUM truestion would
'a . have been immediately cod nosily settl ed ..- r- . -
Under these cheonstanote. I submltted:hilgoarrem the
sonaitalou 'beetroot& with all eloolficerUataadY viol ,
.4 lannortr7 in pet lb. State government Into. operation,
emompeaded by .a. strong recanmeodation In favor of the
Minim/oat aliastme sea & . ate In the aro° of nay long
. public UP I ham riereepm . lamed ay agora act which, in
- the rectoepect s 'hora stranded ins more heartfelt sathiaa ton
, Ita admladoa weld have landau peseta* Wiry So any
r - ' barman lbsiop'ellifirs it wield, withlo a brief period, bus
• reetated pus to •Ilatataa Sodaumanly is the Union. In
1,.. _ Uwe snot, the • *Mull tirdettatt would en this hare been
gully aettled, acondtag MPhil legally relood will of •
majority of the Pareribendlarpoler tortery. woad lbw
have beta vindicandin ecoristitutiornd manner.: .,. ---
With tor dopmarlahrele a duty. / mold have punnmi -
smother some. It li leas, that, as an: indleddoel, I
I: aaread ilaiarfaini; tralada and dation gm leaden rof
~ the csavendint, in Piot sr. - submitting . the. sapaining
chimes a the onielitalCo s ea Soli at thammeenringelan ,
I"' Icr, to *be mots, gut,. acting as an official thane:sr,
bdtbsenlyeelfin e ell honme eitannitl bad .tie purer-to
1.: ~. Mudge the prtiamedloge Cr the couventton, end declare the
. conetitalon which Wired framed se • sanity: To bate dame
thin stead hare' beta • 'Walop of lb. Rarest and Nev
tusks ect,'whlch left. gismo...onto Territory ' , restudy
.;••• • Pa to gem and mph& sdomancluntatione in Pude
i s : -
ova ilkay, au:6Jei:l'ooli to the-constitotion of the United
1 ..., • States." It would siu•liy love violated the great principle
‘.., a • of mass Sovetedenty, at theleundallon of our bathe.
•••• . Um, to deprive the panda of the poor, if they thought
IS - . proper to rumen it, of wadding to di/tenants elecia.hy.
~,';', a ,4'" ' theonslves the test of framing a canatitution without F.
paring them to schject- their couultuente to ' the tronla
' ''..77 - , - ' - isseme and Mel Sri brood election. `lt wouldhavnbee * '
. u'''' • to oppoettion to eneatf pralideuts lo our histoty; °Stamen:
fog in gee very beet agent the republic, of the adraleaSon of.
Territories ae Stares'ents the Ireton. wil runt 'ir melons
, 1 . , " eotof the peoplaa their 001L1tIttitkid -
,N, it 11 to be lamented that a question so insig
: . aleastit itnits' - „iiiired In its practical effects on
,::,,,:. , x the peciple of.ffsmsas, whether decided one way
:-,•••,,,' •-. ' . or theleffier, elcSnld .hare - kindled inch a flame
!!-::•!•: •.- it emffienient.ThibughMit the conniii; This re,:
_!..,: - ,,;...1 .. Station may 'prove lo be ilesson of wisdom and
•••• :'.. 4 of warning for our future guidanoe. Patti- -
.1 , 75 i.... , catty anssideret the gantlet' m simply _ whether
7 ' ....1
,•:„1-4......12ii people of. that. Territory should - first come
% -
Into *bpi:Wien and then - change any provision
.
i ... ; in their constitution not agreeable to themiceivis,
! - or asoomplialithe :eery same , object by remain
' • log out - of the Union . and framing suother con
, • ,--- siltation in accordance with their .wilif. In
' t either Mae; tto...tasalkirottld - bapreiibely-the
tune. ; . The only Idifferenee in - point 'feet Is, .
. iltsi ihs object would . . have been mach sooner"
_ . ,_
..
' - mulluttos arultriblYPacliffiliff on ,of Kansas more
~. , speedily effected; had it. been admitted as a
' • ''
- State daring the last session of Congress. . .
My reoommendation, however, for thilmni t e.
'-- - , . dials ado:anion of Kansas, failed to meet the
.. ; ~, „approbation of Congress. - They cleansed it aims.
..- .' . to adopt a different measure for
part,_
:•',. -...., - ef the_ question. ; .For . •my anal parti. I should
- .... , IMT willing la. yield my assent to almost
....- - • `es scaunitatiatier M - *Ure, - ,to ;means PHA ;this
r,
~ ,ob t. I; therefore, eordiellY acquiesced in
• ' * whit hie been called the. English Compromise,
, and approved the ... AIM fur the admission or the,
-.
'.• . Slate of Sarum into tlie Union" upon.the terms •
, .
' ---. therein preseribed.. laded .
, Under the ordinal* recomputed Si Leccitio.
, tai erMaltatken tat of Eantas bad claimed doable
• .4.'lhe gamely of pallid lads for the
..
.- - sehoatorhlch re seer pr er loo*kyp ort of
common
Ina ppm h eringghe' a knymd also ad al o m so
us esoldOem of lend PS Sondes ogles On sash ehltof two rail
, Mb, ha be anastmoted from the itertherolo the
- estate , audition ths eastern lo the Sertsin
. bacedarY of
lb.
Saw - Congreen - doinelig them olefins
. • tralumomeble, provided, by the set of May. , 4,: 1669, 10.
• ',bleb I hay Jost referred. for the adiebsion of the ghats
CM a . ? Vaal doting with th e brighad Staten but napon
the mnmatal conditkos precedent" Una a rujorlty. of
. the people Merat4 at an election ,ho be held for that par
?' peen alegildan the place a the Try lam pante dr . yob
u gle lenge eta& guy bad demanded maw the tedirmare,
v, . seas each mole ea bad been made to ininnesets and
oar Ea Stela lhiderjble act shoaled a majoltfieled the
propaddentarmed them„ nit dull be deemed and held that
• thelenplaaSentall &mot desire edmirelon:hato tb{Vialon
VW ableenstitettion nada, the oondltkma eat both Ur
said wropmittom ~.. in that mot, the sot anthozisia tbe
. neva, of the Tattthory to elect delegates to Punt a sloes: .
••.,•• u„ 1... g stab rersonrat for sineetus,.*hensrei,
i. I• , + - ..-... ' „and uot before, it I I isourtained b y e tenon, duly and le.
r4.,„. , ._,,,..y Wm,: that thaeoitaluke et me Territory equal
..,* •1. : • .oe eadtedd the ratio a mpenenteum toothed for • mem.
L... , :•„ . f • bet aSW Ineteeelf Ilapotsentatiree of th e 0,,,,,,,,,,, c r t b.
0: - .:;:, f , ' UMW Sates.* •Tha delver thus sammlacsi.aliall Ant
alstengas by flail Whether It to tai nteh of the people
. 4 7 ,' •,• ... • ollhe proposed .fitats tittle • admitted t into the Union at
1.. : ''''. ':,..- •''
rid thee, .o, "hl=7-1, t: :,===,ll
....',..::::,..- ,it0 t0 r.......4 ifi Jutforralty.with the federal conettru•
c: ,„. ...' ' , Itlon. Atka tide troselltatar r. ehalr • ham teen • baud;
." ~,:, - . •
; xhafriserearryles out Um prlechdenof saddler alrearra
[ s r' -'-'...'• 3 end Wil - fafccreilifion. bare left the ..modo and manner
• - .' '
li t:treval et ratllleatket by the people prides Unposed
L riti z %,al than be
i ,•'...jaii, ' mbeitncti . afe ' M V 7 i e traTa b irk ! irtaiottmv 6 heonstitouce
[
:ff ; uosa=geseamn
p = - win alsierrcyll'
. 4 . :.. . to election ease' held , thronghetit. Naiad; iii,f,
.., .. - Poreassiefo of the provisionof.this has - on lll ‘-
' seallii'4l7:orT last, an it rissated3oo4l:'
k...4110U0a, by a ' i.tdejoritY, 'of ihif prePtil& -
; - ' • ~ .subatittst ie people/ty.Congrems. This
~ , '''.:l,.• ..0i1e.,!; Wu). are - .authorised la' forks'
•,‘, .
Is t i t ntion„,,,preparaloryto allinint„ ittl
',.bcti t oie .. , unlit.4 l teir - itiffolier lals
.. i:::=e ll. C 2 == .27fia ! ,• eliall' , 4 ink' ,er exolted l
.•7 .,:slydrenaltitib:r li'it,'W
. •
r,r,
- eliffiffer asi,
..e lintal:&•::
' .a„ , ..jlennli2
! • .1! -&, 44 1 4 .;
"-!tlffi'
Far these reasons, I earnestly recommend the
passage of a general net, which shall provide that
:noon the application of a territorial legislature, de
elating their belief that the territory contains a ntun:
lair of inhabitant/which, if in a State, would coti
'tle them to elect a member of Congress, it shall be
the duty of the President to ,cause a census of the
'inhabitant, to be taken, and.if found sufficient, then
'by the terms of this sot to authorise them to proceed
...in their own way" to frame a State coristitotboa
preparatory _to admission into the Union. I also
recommend - that an appropriation may Ito made, to
:enable the Preeident to take a census of the people
'of Kansas.' _
l The present condition of the territory of Utah,
When contrasted with what it was one year ago, is
it subject for congratulation. It was then in a elate
of open rebellion, and cost what it might, the char
acter of the government required, that this rebellion
should be suppressed and the Mormons c ompelled
th")ield oisedbence to the constitution nett the lams.
In order teraceomplish this object, and as I iabip,ppe..
id yen in my last annual , ,rennesagarriiriolln
twos governor losteod of Drl t thaus loo. F . nod nein,-
" • Wag
withdraF from the territory . To protect these
those civil withdraw
and aotnid them as a ponicusni
talus in the execution of the Isar in 'owe of need, I
Ordered a detachment of the army to accompany
them to Utah. The normalty for adopting theza
oneattoreato mom demonstrated.
. . ..
On:the Ifith September, 1857, Governer Tonng
&sued his proclamation, in the style of an inde
pendent, eovereign s announcing his purpose . to
resist by force of alma the 'entry of the United
States troops into our nwn 'Territory of Utah.
By this he , required all the (prima is the Terri.
tory, to "hold thennalves in readiness to March
it e moment's' MO GCS te.repel any and all such .
invasion," and establialtOd martial law frtreo.its
date throughout...the .Territory. • Theseproved to
be. no idle threeto. Forte Bridger and Supply,
4iie mated and Vurat.down by the Mormons,-
to deprive our troops of a shelter after [belching'
end fatiguing: dwell. Orders were issued by,
Daniel. If: %Veils, styling himeelf ...Lieutenant'
General, Na6voo Legion," 1.6 stampede the Wait:
[Pale of the United Stoles troops on their. morel,
tp eet4ise, to their trains. to burn the grateertind
the whole country before them and en their flanks,
Ip keeis ,, them from sleeping iiy night surprises,
and to blockade the road by. fellingtroes, and
destroying the fordror rivers, tr.c., S:c.,'„&a:-
; These orders were. promptly arid ea - rot:natty
obeyed. On ' fhe 4th October, 1857, Lb filar-
Mona capturatland burned ad Green IliVer, three
.
or onn,aupply trains, consisting ; r eeventy-five
Wagons,*leaded.with provisions and lento for the.
army, and carried away ertreralhundeed no lauds',
This: dlMidielietillue supply .of previsions on ma
, teriallytheCOinerallohnston vas ablfgedlo re-`
dime the.ration, and teett`yfillt this precaution;
tire was onlyeufficlent Jeft le Subsist the !mope 1
'n lii thiffiret , el June. .. , ;7 L. • .• . 1
Our little army behaved turmirablyia their, en-
campment at Fort Bridger, under these. trying:
privations. In the midst of the mountain! ! 'lays
dreary, unsettled, and ilitteePinible,regian, more
than a thousand miles ream kerne; - they pissed
the seeeris - and inclement winter without it mar-
They looked forwardwith confidence for
relief front their entliatry in duo ecason, andln
this they:Were nett disappointed. , .;: ..
in, deerettu, or was etepleiettelt hlll'ilieygies to' I
fortrvd theta 'shit itersititury sepplisi; -,,,0, in muster
sad Sead'snickie Milted-form, to ,Irtah as would ren
deirjesistance an the.pert of of the. M 017110120 hope__ ;
less, and dhas terminate the war without the antra
of, blood. In hie efforts to wits efficiently sustained
by Commie.. They granted appropriation. sufficient
micas-or the delimeney thua necessarily created, and
al apravided rOClllbinglifilltStil'entlOr T01nt406,7,
fit ditr,porpose: of enellhig:titeturbances In the Ter
ri ry or thehlor iheigateetion ef itipPly. and. ends;
g etitalos, Ira the - soppreasion of Indian hostill
li on the frontiers." Happily, dare. was no occa
sion to call these regiments Onto Limiest.: IL Hann
bail been, I sbeald have 'felt serious embarrassment
intselecting them, No great was the number 9U mar
breve and pet/lotto. chime anxious to servo their;
country In this (Intent' and' apparently damperoste
expedition. - Thus Mess aver been,-and thou ..nay ly
evertal
The wisdom and economy of rending safficientre.
incoreemento to - Utah, ere established not only by
the event, but .in the, opinion orthato who;frorn
their.poeitiou end oppOrtunities, are the most capa
ble .21'Lnp:deli I correct judgment. General Johns
ton, the commander of Abe-forces, in addresalog the
&ender,. of. Wax Irani,. 1/4itAridger, uoder date of
Goiober it inn axPiesiee the opinion that "anima
te liege fere* timer item .from trrom ,tbe,natto 191
the perfetry;:iir Piedrielcd irk "ea thei (tire -
Mer
cedes), pat' is' Inevitabld." 116 ha considered no
ceneary, to teratittato-the WIT Npeetilly and more
cnannakedly thee-41%-attainptetl by - Insuillehmt
In, the •mnaadmeitL *air toy lambic desire that'
Wd Minions obedience thithe ionstitek:
Lion and the laireYwithont rendering it neoessary-to,
resort ..to military , force... _.Toatteetimlithipg ,
Shia object, I, deemed. it advisable, In April lass, to
dispatch two distinguished cilisane of; .tho United ,
States, Mean% Pissvelland BiTitlfecli, to .This) , '
both with them a proclamation addressed by myself
to the isdothititwoi of u.tab; shied IN the sixth dIM of
that- tessitti;•warnitit them 4 41' 'tbeiitm. vitiator'.
and , hoirrhopolits it teak ca:theit part to: persist in
rebellionagainat.the United States, end offeringall
Wore who shoold submit to laws aftill kedge thr;
their bait itiaitio#7lsaitprosiond.. At the athrettoros
assured 'thota,`wiro Should persist in rebellion
against thelinited'atates, that they most caplet. stq ,
further lenity, bit torbe itiorously dealt with ,
4... larding to their deserts. The instructions Wilma°,
agohiss sts'iraltatit:*ceprof the- pmelatuatide, And
ill*!soptitia;
isse bytthelessitt' the 3d of that they
~:havb: : fdlli;ooa3Caaod thordPitthatr stxPoosstad teteon'l
Nilibitat#o, to Wi OCtober, u the necessity,
of rnatofciOtt„finmsscrmig - WAlttc- - int agvg ß i
osoPallt . 4"="sotrYiimprelika foliet
eljairgel
fhttabrit•
zoos A41b415t
.ic/3
Kane, Who, fiftairincliint Of - pure:lo 'en' 1
without any a.lllffird_eit4racter or testeutiliiyoinsqterit
eat on, visltedAftaliffMrbig the lasthleleteantitinteri
for the purpose* caeltributitig to - . the l*ltteitkiti
the Territory. 1
I am happy to inform you that the governor
and other civil *Seen, of Utah are now perform
ing their appropriate functions wllbetit resist
ance. The authority of the ennstlintieriand the
laws has been fully restored, and peace prevails
- throughout the Territory.
A portion of the troops sent to Utah are now
encamped .iu Cedar valley, forty-four miles
aouthwest of-Salt Lake City, end the remainder
hive been ordered to Oregon to suppress Indian
hostilities.
The march of the army to Salt Late City,
through thtilndian territory, has-had a power
ful effect in restraining the hostile feelings
against the United States, which existed among '
the Indians in that segion, and in securing emi
grants to the Far West against their depreda
tions. This will also be the means of establish
ing military pins and promoting settlements
along the route.
I recommend that the benefits of our land
laws and pre-emption system be extended to the
people of Utah, by the establishment of a land
office in that Territory.
I have occasion, also, to congratulate you on
the result of the negotiations with Chitin.
Yon were informed by my last annual message
that our minister had been instructed to occupy
a neutral position in the hostilities conducted by
Great Britain and France against Canton. Ito
was, however, at the same time, directed to co
operate_ cordially with the British and Freeelt
ministers in all peaceful measures to secure by
treaty those just conoesaione to foreign com
merce which the nations of the world had a right
to demand. It was Impossible for me to proceed
further than this, on my own authority, without
usurping the war-making power, which, under
the conefittttion; belongs exclusively to Con
gress.
Beaithei after a careful exureieation of the
nature and extent of nor grievances, I did not
believe they were of such it pressing and tog
graynted character, ns Would have justified
Congress in declaring war igainstthe Chinese
empire, wigs -out first making an earnest. at
tempt to adjust them by peaceful negotiation.
.I was the more teemed to this opinion; be
cause of the severe chastisement which had
then hut recently been inflicted upon the Chi
nese by our squadron, in• the .capture and
destruction of the Barrier Coifs, to avenge an
alleged itisult.to our Mag.
'l'he event has proved the wisdom of our
neutrality. .Our: minister has executed his
instructions with eminent skill and abilitv.-In
conjunction with the Russian plenipotentlarY,
he has peacefully, hut effectually, co-operated
with the English and French plenipotentiaries;
and each of the four powers -has concluded
separate treaty with China, of a highly sntis
factory. character- The treaty concluded by
our own plenipotentiary will immediately lw
übmitteil to the Senate,
happy to announce that, through the
energetic ophiliatory ellorts of our consul
general in 5 - tipan, w treaty has been eon
eluded with that empire, which_ may be ex
pected .materially to abgmeut tnrr &tido find
nitereourse in that quarter, and remove from
our countrymen the disabilities which have
heretofore been imposed upon the exercise of
their religion. The treaty shall- be submitted
to the Senate for approval without delay.
It is my eareest desire that every mistiuderstand..
tag with the senernment of Greet Dritair, 'should
be amicably andemeedity adjusted. It has been the
misfortune of 13.1. b eountries, almost" ever since the
. period of-the Borolution, to have been annoyed by a
saccerffen (Adrenaline. and dangerous questions,
tlustiteeing their friendly relatione. This has par.
'natty prereated aka full devalopmeet of then feed'
ings of mutualfriendship between the peo_p le of the
two crountriesom nattiest in themselves andso cob
duties, tothetr eamtrioo interest. Any serious Inter ,
ruption of thenemmeree between the United . States
and Great Britteln, would be equally injurious to
both. In.fect, no two nations haie ever existed on
the face of the earth, which could do each so much
good or so numb harm. •
Entertaining these sentiments, t one ratified to
Inform you, that the long pending controversy be
tween the two governments, in relation to the vies
lion of visitation end soareh, has been arnica* ad
justed. The claim on the part of Great ltritaln, for
cibly to cult American vessels on the high max in
time of peaty, could not be sustained under the into
of nations; and It hod been overruled by her own
most eminent jurists.
This question was recently brought to an issue, by
the repeated acts of British cruisers, in hoarding and
searching oar merchant vessels In the Golf of Mex
ico and the adjacent seas. These acts were tho Enure
injurionn and Mine:ring, en these Waters ore tramm
ed by a large portion of the commerce and naviga
tion of the United States, and their free end unre
stricted use Is coential to, tho scrutiny of the coast•
some trade between different Staten of the Bak:A.-
B*dt vezetirms Interruptions conld not fail to excite.
We feelings of the country, and to requite the inter
peratinn tuo gevettunetn. nentonetrastatet. were.
taL..lr British gavernmenttti.ritt,
violations of in• .. m e?a asitc;i
rete was at the ..wine Ile " e bee.
er, with directions • •[ll proteet resee'n of the
'idled States on tho high acne, from search or de-
tention by the vessels of war of any other nation."—
These measures received the unqualified and even
edthuniantio approbation of the American people.
Most fortonatly, however, no collision took piece,
and the Aritish government promptly avowed its re
cognition of the principles of international law tip
on this subject, as laid down by the government of '
the United States, in the note of the Secretary of
State to . the British minister at Washington, of
Apr 1110,3858, whiehsoeurethewessels df the Uni
ted States epee the high .setts from visitation or
seireb, in time of peace, under , any eirtamistances
whatever. The olahm has bean abandoned in a man
ner tiflicting honor on the British government, and
evincing a just regard 'for the law at nations, and
cannot fail so strengthen the amicable relations ba
tsmen du two countries.
The British. government at the • natns time,
• proposed to the - United .ritates that some mode
'should be adopted; by mutual arrangement be
tween tho two countries, of anbarnefee Which
may be found effective without being offensive,
fOr verifying' the nationality of 'crawls suspepled
on good grenade of carrying false colors. They
hare also invited the United States to take the
initiative, and propose extenstires for this pur
pose. Whilst deohning to sesame so great a re.
nponsibility, the :Hem tar) of State has in
formed tho British goiernment thabwoare ready
to receive any proposols which thhy" may feel
disposed foodifer, having this object in view, and
to 'consider them .in an amicable spirit., A
stroog opinion is however expressed that the
cattionitabuse df the - flag of any. nation, Is an
evil far less to be deprecated, titan would be the
establishment-of any regulations wbiCti might
befiscompatible with the• freedanitof the sees.
.This.gotrernment has yet :received no communi
cation specifying the - Manner In which the Mt
government .would prOposo tocarry out their
suggestion; and I am inclined to beliere that no',
plan which tan' bedevised, Will bo free from'
exibarrasments. Still, I shall forni no de.
'Caled-opinion on the-subject, until I shall hare
' , carefully and lei- the best , spirit 'examined any
pet:peseta which they may think proper to make.
I amirrly sorry I - cannot Also inform . you that .
the complications between Great Britain atuithe
United rithles, arising out _of the Clayton:and
.Bolerer treaty ; of April, IMO, - hare been finally
'Adjusted.
!At the commencement - of your last session, I
.bad reason to hope that, emai3cipatieg them,
solves from further unevaillog dhsmesione, the
tiro governments Iwoubl-proceed to- Bettie . the
Central American questions in a - practical:sat ,
Der, alike.hottorable..and matiefiestoty:Scr:bo'th.;
and this hope I have not yet sbandene& fe-my
last annual message, I stated thitt.erertutealiad .
been osidirby the British government.;fordliiti
'perpose, in a friendly spirit which I cordially
rebiprocated. Their prepoeinl - wns 'CO.. withdraw
'thine questions from direct,negatiatien between
tho two governments; hut to accomplish the
same object by a negotiation-between the British
grovernment and each of the Central American
republics whims territtiidal. Interests are imme
diately involved. The settlement was to be made
in•eccordance with the general tenor of the In
terpretation placed upon the Clayton and
Bul
-iedr treaty by tho - United States; with- pertain
medifioations. As negotiation* are still pending,
.upon this basis, it *Cala not be proper tor me to
notaMunicale their present condition. A final
•settlement of these queitiona is greatly ta ho de
-sired, as this would wipe tint the list remaining
subject of dispute betsmuirlio -two countries.
Clot Mathew with thd east, O_
stance and Rea
ale/ ea welt as with all other gorerameots as the continent
of ;mem cures that of Spate. amtlaneo to ho orthe meet
friendly cbarartar,.
,` With Opals out Marione remain to en oniattearkory tear'
ditintr. da toying:nage at December last,•ll torrocd yob'
As , oar •evereatesordinery and intent, Piaui potentiery
to Madrid had asked for hteireull; audit 'weary, pa
to lend oat a new minister to that roots, with , lo
insections on allquestione lanterns between the two trot ,
etntnente, And with a dateratinatio&ltt here them eperdily
`and amicably adjusted, if that wamposaible. , Via purpeee'
-has been hitherto tiskom4 by earwig •weich I 0,4 not
mummer.
.. ,
~Tlae minim to pit b TI tern intrusted to a dintlnguleh-
P 01 ...0n eltiC*.taanvelto will proceed to - Madrid with ,
ient'dfler.ratel maks amaharaud • :gold attempt tcrObtain,
. joatio from that government.". ..
Spanish oaktale, wrier the Jinni control et the captain
. gement of Cobs, have insulted our 'ltatbinal thtg. and: to Ter ,
' pectrdinetamee, haretrowe tune Wilma Inflicted in.Thrl7
ea the promos and propertpor ,attr chimera: Mlle*. have •
gitnaldrth to, anonym clahmagainat the frp u i r - ,
[ .. t rnyaslst, the.goarits at :irtdeb Into beris[4l 7 - di my.,
4.ls4o(fearth tijou.r.soecrifin dryilanlA r tie' .ii, 'hi.;
[1.0.. Sotwithotaldimig.tkole,w• Imre not strilred itt,11 . 06
• -Mal . inalt to szly ologlo hustado,'"ookix irk, gait czaipt
. I.Fa.. or tie Block%Terrier molar thelato minaolgranent
d Ittat Irated Jim ontragirtif rub a: chavictot so Irinal,r
bin. Justlll.4 an ikarnedlibk[olollt. inft, , AStllll.444ol3e
it Otikinkailmlny.skres.balbg. ... 1 de lorAckla 'I tH.I IS
la , [
- ve .wi " oft,pecncrlzeollsoges .17 the Sfaoteh talutitrt,
soserlat.tre..l4.3Virilarte 'lkea_
1 1 1 t t
i 't t rer al t , ggitp.334 astabw:dialitlir OA* minister
[ . 'el .leesfibed, Rll,o29.luTestligata Itle , jo.Uoe or on, dt.
[ ; P' epititii have iiri.danominaled Om _'!CR-,
411 0..'-'4" C r.re;* l2 a . - iiii;iflfifAtt:
, . 44.411giii. re "Aige*iteled../we-farir.,
'4
44Piktrn rgi V ' -4, , , tit e (131qa?.;
to i ' iiet 2 difiaedge , • - ' - wit+
'- ieli at differagL, ttl,
MMig
It has been made known to the world by my
predecessors, that the United Staten have, on
'several occasions, endeavored to acquire Cuba
from Spain by honorable negotiation. If this
were acComplished the last relic of iho Africa
slave trade would instantly- disappear. We
would not, if we could, acquire • Calm in any
,other manner. This is due, to our national
'character. All the territory, which wo have Re
quired Mace the aright of the government, has
.been by fair purchase from France,. Spain and
Mexico, or by the free and voluntary act of the
independent State of Texas, in blending hoe
destinies with our own. This coarse we shall
pursue, unless circumstances should occur,
which we do not now anticipate, rendering a
departure from it clearly justifiable, under the
imperative and overruling law of self-preserca-
'Ms Wend of Cobs item Its geographical poeltloth c.wn
inaude this mouth of the litetbuttotn. end the Itomnovi awl
antattally hnreuonn tnelo, reretuo and reattesito, from the
valley °Mat noble river, now eerthrsedug hall the uteri--
vi t ro net, of the Ilsh.n. With Mut Wand underthedo
mmineofa dortabt foreign posnr, this tr... or rttal iro
ta-we ttt Stumbled.. .4 , •xpo.nd tot.. dans or of beton
thetreyed fit the tilootd year, ate: iL hitherto Into sole
Jneted to porrettratkfury and sonnyasee it, time Of tessat
Our retalione s fih•lpeih, ehlrh ought to In el the mos
friendly chewed-er e must always be ;Intend in Jeepnrdy
*hint the existing colostil .aurtt.cbt ,vary Ott !.land
shun remelt} to it/ meson, tvodt
Whiten the possmalon of lb. 'eland would be of reel In!.
Pere ". l7 4 ?ntro U it i r7ett! ' kerb I s -" as 7 l f trrersti S e r et:un t tin r , a t
alto ewife". whetrt the kreet Napoleon traneferted Landshins
tbe Untied Stall. ..Iteklotis as he ever was state nation
, al honor twkl Ittunewentsiiraos, no portent thestashousthe
ertuld, Ise Imputed to !Ape Urn, nrcepting ••
peconiary
.T I.
eineb !Wen Siren to one totestor aegis.
tSiethwee new
kap. Apprcpriltuna
he requirt ter,
1.41,27*. herons testae •untm. r attee-nt eeene thsss7:l,
geese. Th. otereery, 11. out I.cogue In
dlepe tumble to poorest, hsal .henikt le- lotrusted with the
In
amuse
.1
oinking nn V+ gseertoneut
lasutedintety after the s gni-tutor tin tees! it - tamest strait-
Inn the ratlflreUtut opt by the :slate. mu nuswirentsl
to ache aukuretioo, by the usual .
of AT. JTflerso
th a t tbn porehmen orLoolelana from Franke, and byy
that of Sir. Polk In oleo* rithw.6.llll.llon of torrllery from
Monica. I refer the ninths ' , oldest to Congteek wet cam
-03,11,i ft to their candhl smuttier - alien.
I repeat the recommendation made in my
message of December last, in fltvor of an *ap
propriation "to be paid to the Spauiah govern.
meat for the purpose of dietribution among the
claimants in the Amistad case."' President.
Polk first node a similar recommendation in
December, 1917, and It was . repeated by my int•
mediate predecessor in December, 1853. 1 en
tertain no doubt that indemnity Is fairly doe to
these claimants under our treaty with Spain of
the 27th of ilctoher 1795; and whilst demand
ing justice we might to de Justice. AEI nppro
priation promptly Made for this purpose, could
not fail to-exert &favorable influence on our ne
gotiations with Spain.
Our position in relation to the independent
States South of us on this continent, and cape..
tally those within (be limits of North America,
is of peculiar chartccter. Tho northern bounda
ry of Alexico is coincident with our own south
ern boundary from ocean to ocean; and we must
necessarily feel a deep interest in all that con-.
cerna the well being and the fate of no nenr . a
neighbor. We have always cherished the kind
eit wishes fur the nneet.B9 of Shot republic, and
bare indulged the 'hope that it might at let t,
after all Its trials, enjoy peace and prosperity
under a free and atablogovornment. We have
never bitbtrto interfered, directly. or indirectly,
with its internal affairs, sad it is a duty which
we owe to ourselves, to prefect (ho integrity of
its territory, aguicst llitaiostile interference of
any other power. Our geographical position,
our direct interest in all that concerns Mexico,
and our well-settled policy in
,regard to the
North American continent, render this an indis
pensable duly,
Mexico has loon in a states of. nonetaairavolution,
'Oman ever Fiona it achieved Ito independence. Ono
military bonder after moodier has uourpod the govern.
moot in rapid theccoslop; end the various, constitu
tion', train thno to time adopted have been oat ut
naught almost as soon no they were proclainictl. The
store...ice governments have afforded no tide:photo
protection, either to Mexican citir.ens or foreign resi
dents, against lawless violence. Ileretoforo, o reisere
, of Ova capital by struilitaty chiefottit has bran gen
erally followed-by at least tho'nouthitil pahinitrion of
the country to Ilia t rolls for a brief period, - but not co
at the prevail crisis of Idexican affilis. A civil war
has huabfaithilatir lattnatileethroughout - therepub..
lie, between the ventral :geveroment ht the. city of
Monico,VAlob Lan endeavored to subvert tho conett-•
tattoo lastrfiame4,..bY military P.a . ° , " d thai6 " 9
maintain tho .itithority of that couslituticho The-1
antagonist parties each hold postroden of different,
'States of, rho republic, and tho fortunes of the war
are constantly changing: Moantrbil.e, the. nio,st, no..
prahcnoibla means ham, boon. 'emPlaYod I .'y both Per
tido to e, : alb.rt motierfrotio fidolgstcrolis well to na.
Gras, bicorry on this minima cittnteth The truth is
'thee this floe country, blessed with a fondnetire Noll:
and a benign climate, has boon redaciat - by civil die. ,
scission, to a condition of almost hapalmo nearaby
end imbecility. It would bo vain-rut Oda government
to attempt to enforce payment in money of the altimo
'or t4kmerican cititens, now amounting to more than
Len million dollars, against Mexico, boom". oho, Is
destitute of all pecuniary moans to satisfy those de
mands. ..
' Our lato - minialai was fainlette.ctifA 'ample Powers'
and inotrdetlons ilii the adjustment of all pending
questions pith the control government of Mexico, :
and ho n
perform ' his' duty with al 'and ability.
The claims of titiichisy wine Of them arising out'
rot the violation 'o as oxpress provision of the treaty
'et Guadalupe go, and others trim groos info ,
I
, rice to penman well as property, have remained
anut, drama' anti hewn unnoticed: Itemonstroneoo
agihhht these glialualaesiliaa - leen addressed With,
out effect to that government. Meantime, in various
parts of the republic, instances have been numerous
of the murder, Imprisonment and plunder of our cit
e,k
ens, by different parties claiming and exercising a,
local Ituisdiction; tint the 'citistrol' l goVetrartient,al ,
dtough repeatedly strgerl timlnte, haat Moidozioteffoth I
either to - tptuaish a authors - et theatientrageotter to
t prevent their roe ea-It No 'American cltitanan
now risitullinSoo outman] business; 'without, immi.:.l
_bout danger to , h i mams and property: Therms
"trio stiequeto pro on to either, will in thievetepoot
; Lit,
-tour treaty with t republic is almost a,4esit letter.
"''This state et &ire wee brought to, a oriels in
:4 74 9 , beet, by ibe.Promnlgatiottor.a decree Imp
lug 6 Wittibit ion .pra rola upon ellthe capital
'• A r e, TPPublio,., : beam certain , specified .
filial, lie„,,lneyantha Uhl try . blezical or loreigm'i
~,trii 4 1 ,,L1F0 1 2_ Sib;-ttgagtling thie decree In tan
lig"- 01- 0t "fliteild laan 't , formally. -imitated
ligelna ite application to hie conntrgualrillutli
.advised their not to pay thecontributtoth, but to ,
antics , in-brae teroilliental:Li - Aablglifintr
ittkia edrice,ailnierlautelliild:o44€lll2nYt
Ake contribution , andlikp, .";ieriXlr!uktie - , by,
lit t l F 4ed zfell_ to ntterYlitnifttlillit4f,Nerheifint .
*up titter;' , thettstermtklitiitelPir,e4ll fur'
thet, audlisted - a deciiite,34isashizig t him from 1
Urn eauttimr,a,-P,Valsrlittmedialey,ciatified,l
- N. 4ligtiti Aziligli44
„..._
FSZERI
_ ________
•
eii - IA till - dila vz- - r a alitslif F riAlt ' r
th iirareaTh o jan route seemsL ore
vt-c-,-r-zziatioi4r w i i purpose - of carrAele
a ti el,, , d! C. .. wit'''fitC4*.tehilat-ikiebdat..rthe ii - rimPtly e Zp w ri a noco ln d t ° o ra t e he ' goviumn ... Lt. rho Wee - - t i q a , l e i
. ' segte hrivin e lp
.„,„
autrthi;,. - 4. e ! dtd - anditwenlyneight tholeand pension ofths politicel relations of hiwiegation them gait effect. ,, ,iti. n,-,;_s!
I
, • -,
eitliund t sty - hie dollars and fifty-four i with them until the pleasure of hie own.govern- '''flusdnjetrie4'hiarbliviii - been inflicted upern
cents, Just at the moment, after a, delay of we nt should b e ascertained- . our citiz6s in Costa Rica and Nicaragua,. dee
fourteen yearn, when- we had raison- expect, - This gorernment did not regarrithe coutribation 1 ring the last- tweiarlhree - yeari, have - Zeciii 44 '
that this earn WOuldb. , ,repaid with is erect, we imposed by-o.4mm a of the nth May last, to ho is ,4 the prompt-atenti o n of this government,y,Eonit_e
character. The transaction at Virgin -BasTjti
have teceived a 'proposal offerlnfito re a nd one- ', ettictoc l4 o'' - f4 1, 1 0 d 100 ond- ne such prihibited :of these injuri e s wer e of the most aggravated
by ike 10th article of the treaty of 1820 between 1
third of that amount (forty-two thoue d eight
hundred and s eventy-eight dollars an iyiy... o
the t.April,lBsl3 when a company of unarmed Amerl-
cents,) limn - about interest, if we wohl -.accept
Position of the eontri m belitiopOn S fo l" reiTt;Cris 'con.' cans, who were in..nri way -with any
this in full isatisfaction. The offer in, also, ait
-1
American
c ß a r s ite ci i t n ix tn n t! o alexie t o i , th to d the benefits of which
s P idered an tinjust and uppressive tneasore. Besides, belligerent conduct or party, were fired upon by
compatited by a declaration, that this inilemnifi- internarfactione in other parts of the republie'Wire the troupe of Costa Idea, Auld *tubers of them
cation is not founded on any redeon of strict et the same time levying'Silnifat exactions upon the killed and wounded, was broughtto the &nowt
-justice : but is made as a special favor. property of our citizens, and lidorra
rings
their eons- edge of Congress by my predecesacir soon after
One alleged cause for Promasduation, in the 111r100. There had been on entire fit" ore on. the part its occurrence, and woo also ipresented Co
t o
, examination and adjustment of our claims, nri- of our minister to finn.ro mdrem or the wrongs government of Costa Rica, for that immediate
, POI from no obstacle which it is - the duly of the which our citizens bad endured, ,otwithstanding investigation and redreas' which the
*tole
Of
his persevering efforts. and from the temper mani-
Spanish government to remove. Whilst the
. the case demanded. " A Similar course was per
, captain -general of Cobs, is invested with general i rome , d u b r ) ,..lt M r ic ' n t dr : r r a ta " ° ‘ " had repeale d_ sued with reference to other outrages in these
which
! despotic authority in the government of th at is- s , ol'o'd, oot.i il t m m u:iioco.. ll ;i: h l d g ng c re l striking ~. ceuntries, some of were hardly leinaggra
land, the power is withheld from hirn to exam- e i v ' iderice or their will end power to roteet ‘ their chi:
officials ; zone," ant that ''severe chastise nt la the only vaieS in their tharlietep. , l,l3ll ale transaction at
ine and redrew wrongs committed by
Virgin MY. At flie . time; Wife - ever; whey our
under his contr o l . on citizens of the United earthly remedy far Our. grievan a." . Beset this present minister to Ficaragna was appointed, in
States. Instead of ranking our complaints di- etatement of fates, it vroubi. have I n worm than December, 7851 - , On reit-Cis had been,obtained
redly to him et Slovens, we are obliged to pre- . idle, to direct Mr Forsyth to retrace his steps end t foe any of these wrongs, end no replY even:hid
sent through our minister at Madrid. Them are ' resume diplomatic relations with that got%ernment; been received to the demands which --had been
then referred back to the captain-general for in- ' and it was, therefore, deemed proper. to sanction his made by this government upon - diet" of "Costa
withdrawal attic legatiou fretn the city of Mexico. formation ; and much time is thus consumed in :
Idea, more than a year before. inti- Minister
preliminary investigatione and correspondeoce Abundant cause now.muleubtedly exists, for a re l:
,„ wits intiirneted, therefore, to , iiatie.ii,, , i es, in ev
between Madrid and Cohn, before the ish !sort iou t o me t o r r :t7 , ,grz, , , t i h . e g o v r 4 m e d oilli c b y r in 'pressing to those governments • the' ile,..p r, grit
governmeut will coesent to proceed to Span
ish' subduing the constituitsnal fee 1 all y i•e4ualcottble with which -.President "liscl :viiiiiesiled , ibis
lion. Many of the difficultiee between the two ; h ope w ilt duo, bate e,fr e d of , dui sottlemas inattention to thejnet clnites of the United-Sfatea
goverutucts would lio.obvisted, and a long train 1 of oar diffictildes.dez nandingLihefr proniptiind intieftteteri
of negetiation avoided, if ; the captain-general ' On the other hand , should the constitutional party adjustment.
were invested with authority to settle questionsl prevail, and their authority be established ever the rinlesathis demand shall be complied with at as
of easy solution on the spot, whore all the Boats I republic, there is reallon to hope that. they. will. be early day, it will only remain : C.lAPl government to
are fresh, and could ba premptlyand satisfactor- 1 matmatcd by a Ices unfriendly spirit,.and may grant adopt such other measures as may be necessary, itt
ily ascertained. We have hitherto in vain or- i that redress to American citizens whielt_jestice reorder to obtain for itself that justice wbieh it Las in
god upon the Spanish government, la confer this , maker, so far as they may ponces the means. Bet vain : attemptedto , ftwvare try peacefel means, fr om
.
for this expectation, I should at Once bare mama- the. gevernatents ef -Ntcorogas and Costa R 1...
power upon the captaineperal, nod nor minis- mended to Congress to gram the necessarypower to While it has Aotrit, and will continue to show, the
subject on their notice.
ter to Spain wilt again be instructed to urge this the President, to take poesession of a•gullicient - por- most sincere regard for the rights and butler of these
iii this respect we oc - ~ lien of the remote end uoeettled territory' &Mexico, republics, ifeaniaotriegiallihli: regard to Iln . met by
espy a diterent position from the powers of ; to ho ho and pledge until our
satisfied.
ries shallan utter neglect, On their Pert,"of what ii chic: to the
lEurope. Cuba in almost Wilhin sight. of our i dressed our just demands bei satisfied. Walleye goNernment and eitizonsorthe United Stake.
shores ; our commerce With it ro fir greater than , already exhimineil every milder means of obtaining Against-NOW Granada We hate lengstitanding
: any other nation, incladingSphin itself, nod titer i joistice. to such a ease, this remed of reprisals is causes of semplaintorriaing out of the Rosalie
recognized by the WV I,l ' (amines, no t only as just in
citizens are in habit of - daily and extended per
fled claim of our citirentnaponithetz:Tclinblic'l
itself, I;ut as n means of preventing ;lethal wee.
t sonal intercottree with every port of the Nand, : and to these have been more recently odded the
But there is another view of our relations with
It is, therefore, a great grievance that, when -
outrages commuted talon our citizens rot Pena-
Mexico, arising from rho unhappy condition of ma in April, 1856". A - treaty for the adjtist
any difficulty occurs, no matterhow unimportant ;
I affairs along our southwestern frontier, -which
which might'be readily . edited, ht rho moment,
demands Immediate action . In that remote re- went of these difficulties was concluded by the
we should be - obliged tereeort to Madrid, espc,:i •
ally' when the very first step to he taken (here is slop, where there are but few - white Inhabitants, Secretary of State and the minister of New Gra
nada, in September, 1817; which contained just
to refer it back to Cuba. large bands of hostile nod predatory IneVans and aceepteblo provisions for that purpose
The truth is that Cuba, Wits existing colonial roam promiscuously over the Mexican States of This treaty was transmitted t 9 Bogota, mad was
Chihuahua and Sonora, and our adjoining, Ter
condititm, !le a Constant source of injury and
rilories. The local gorernments of These States
annoyance to the American people. It is the ratified by the government of New Granada,
but with certain amendments. It was not, bew
are perfectly helpless and are kept in a state of
only ert in the civilized world where the
ever, relarned to this city until after ese
constant. alarm by Alla Indians. They have not
African slavetrade iv tolernted; and we are
of the. data heeded of the. Sedate.' T had T'eri 11 be
the power, if they vosseseed the will, even to re
bound by treaty with Great Britain, to main
immediately transmitted is that bedy.for 'that'
bolo a naval force on the coast of Africa, at strain lawless Mexicans from pasting the border
and committing depredations on our remote Sit- advieeand consent; e nd- Should i his be obtairesd
much expense both of life and treasure, solely
it will remove all our existing eauses.of nein- ,
hers. - A state of anarchy and violence prevails
for the purpose of arresting slavers bound to
that ieland. The late serious difficulties between throughout that distant frontier. The laws are c l a i m ..
plaint against New Granada on the sUbjeat of
•
a dead letter, and life and property are Wholly
the United States and Greet Britain respecting
questions beveurisen - between the twit . got
the right of search, now so happily terniinated, insecure. For thin reason the settlement of Art- ernments, as to the right of New Grenada to
zone is arrested, whilst ir is of great importance levy a tonnage duty upon, the vessels of the Uni
could never have arisen if Cuba hod not afforded
that a chain of inhabitante should extend all
a market for elm*. As long as this market
led Stelae in ill ports or rho „Ttitlinine, and to
along its southern border, 'sufficient for their
shall remain open, there can be no hope for the
levy a passenger tax titian ! Mir "citizens arrivinfe,
civilization of benighted Africa. Whilst the own protection and that of the I United States in that country, whether with a design to remain
mail passing to and from California. Well- there or to pass from ocean te - OCCantri the bran
demand for chives condones in Cuba, wars will
founded apperhenotono are now caked:tined, that
be waged among the petty and barbarous chiefs
sit route; and also a
ter upon,the m atter the U.
the Indians, and wandering Mexicans equally
in Africa, for the purpose of - seizing subjects to
States transported over the Panama railroad.—
enpfily this Ira- . such a condition of lawless, now break up the important stage and The government of New Granada has been in
affairs,-ii a impossible that the light et clilliza- postal communion:lion recently established be- fermed, diet the United" States would Consider
twee. our Atlantic, and Pacitio . poeseseiarts.—
tion and religion Call' Cller penetrate these dark
the collection of them!, taxes. as a..
This passes vs.-- '
clouds. ' -
..es posses very near to the rtlexfcan boundary,
throughoutthe whole length of Arizona', I con
imagine no;possible remedy for these .evila, and
no mode of restoring law and order on - that re
mots-nod unsettled frontier, but for the govern
ment of the United Stales to &sawn, a temporary
prolectOrate over Abe northern portions of Chi
huahua and Sonora,- and to establish military
posts within the same—and this I earnestly reo
otainetid.to Congress. This protection may bi
withdrawn, as soon no local governments shall
be established in these Mexican States, capable
of performing their duties to the United States,
restraining the lawless and preserving pence
along the borders:
1 do not doubt that ibis measure will be view
ed in a friendly spirit by the government and
people of Chihuahua anti Sonora, as it will prove
equally effectual fur the protection of their citi
.
ann on that remote aadiavrlees frontier,
citizen of the United States.
And in this connection, permit nie to call your
attention to the condition of Arizonia. The
population of that Territory, numbering, ns is
alleged, Moro than ten thousand souls, are prac
tically without a goverment, without laws, and
without any regular adminietration of juetice.
Murder and other criAce are committed with
Impunity. This chins of tlaidgs ails loudly for
redress; and I therefore repeat m recommenda
tion for the establishment of n ter itorial govern
ment over Arizona.
The political condition of the avow , isthmus
of Control America through whic transit routes
pane, hetween the Atlantic and 'daft oceans,
prenente n snidest of deep interest tout' comm.,
clot nation.. It is over these transits that.
,4 laze proportion of .tbe trade and 'travel - be
twrrn rtienpenn and. Mantis confluents in des
tined to pars. To the United States those
routes are of incalculable importance as a means
of communication between their Atlantic and
Pacific possessions. The latter now extend
throughout seventeen degrees of latijgde on the
Pacific coot, embracing the. important State of
California and the flourishing- Territories of
Oregon and Washington. All :commercial no
tions, therefore, have 'a deep and direct interest
that these communications shall bo rendered se
cure from interruption. If an arm of the sea,
connecting the two oceans, penetrated through
Nicaragua and Costa Rico, it could not be pre
tended that thoec States would have the right to
arrest or retard its navigation, to the injury of
other nations. The transit by land over tide
narrow isthmus, occupies nearly tiresome posi
tion. it is a highway in which theyjhemselves
have little interest, when compared with the
vast interests of the rest of the world. Whilst
their rights of Bovereignly ought to be respect
ed, it is the duty of other notions to require that
this important. passage shall not be interrupted
by the civil wars and revolutionary outbreaks
which have so frequently occurred in that region.
The stake is too important to be left to the mercy
of rival companies„ claiming to hold conflicting
contracts with Nicaragua.
The commerce of other nations is not to standstill
!nod await the adjustment of such petty controver
rice. Thus government of the United Stites expect
no more than this, and they will not ho Witted with
km. They would not, If they could, derive any ad,
rootage front the Nicaragua transit, not common to
the test of the world. Its neutrality andprotection
fur the common um tif all - nations, hi their onlp
jest. They hareem objection that 'Xichiagua shall
demand and receive a fair compensation, from the
companies and hulividasis who may traverse the
"route; but they insist that ikeliallnever.bereafter be
closed, by an arbitrary drum. of that govornment:
If dlapntas alien !wimp :it - and those" with.Whota.
they may have entered Intn Colitincti, these moot las
adjusted by sonia fair tribunal provided fur ttuipar
p.m and the rout. meat net. he Closed pending the
eon froverey. Thiel is oar whole policy, and It cannot
fail to he acceptable to othernatinne.
.
An thes e dimcultlet might 1i....p.d../4.amßist.aily
ilb thegood talk of Nkaragui,rbe tramit
- eduagui, fine oripMf this tuift
mid he [Erna Open to gem nil .utiaiition ; p : rogid tra log et
the thote Limo 'tor the to , yrooa of a rfteostable rota to the
Nithrogeon . puenrotheut, on inusengere nod freight., ,
In engem, Im2, the A ccemo ry TranilSCoMpany med., Its
in et to Im-oceanic enslaver UM Nkaeriginatirmste,ang con
iintne io mu-cooed tiperatroo, erithkrOrt adrattego to . the
pobtle, rani the 18th Febnary, lißlid, when. It on.. clotad;
And Ites grout to IWO eurnitthy, ea well as Its charter. wore
"'""""'"l'.. 4 lithlifertlY teeolicslLY ihe ipnerninopt of
P 1, , ,4 I 1 lea; M.S.; ',liivioinl to Wit dtte e however, in /851.
,wrionodtsputes imnrondog thu settlement, of their emanate
.had ark.. nellthen th e eoropepxmoll he gueeththettt, threat.
"Wog the tonocuptlon of the nine at Any swami. Thom.
too bolted gtstra in vain endonvoral to compose. It Would
be. NAOS% to narrate, the. tailor. prom-odious which took
P
lee.. note-eon tics pantos, up to the time when pro transit
erne diecoint nowt. . Reign. It. to:say IMO, aiectrgbmerf,
195 G, It In Ons
s aitted closod, iireatty to the prqr ellorels.
Wes of the - United ash. Islece thatUmn the conqatititai
hint mowd nommen, themoutow prrainurellrrrtititragne ,
end, in ....genic. th.roof, ad, worries and unretuonable
:ansount bas Met, erneted from oar cinema fur their peens's,
to and faun Collfornkt. • ' • t '.: l' :i ' • : ..:.
A treaty was signal ott thertith cloy , of Xerember, 1857,
by the Secretory of /note and lillnleter. of Nicaragua, un
der- the etlpulatione of which' the use and protection of
the tranait routennuld bate been secured, not only to the'
United Plates, but equally to all other within.. llow and
on what prod/sato thlagreaty has felled tudetwiengbc rat
•itimplon of the Illearagimu t u 'gorenuntolt, int appear,
tholepin heroulthcommunfentee from the Mahe ...
moot The principal objectkut *ems to haveboil, tothe
M
provision authorising the Ironed StatestO amid firm ..
keep the route open, In coie - Iticaragunehould il toper ,
form her dal Is Aldo worwit.slriormAtte feebleaamat that
republic. Ito fnqVuaut eLaogga of government, and Its con..
etaUt Internal tilieentione,• thhi hod beconto k tdostiMpilf.'
tont etipsdation, end one • emanthdlY neoemry hot - only
for the motility of the route, but - tot the eafetylof 'Astiorb
can entrain patens , and reputing loand fonts' our retitle
posseasiona Were seater etiptuation embraced in atria.",
tftestweeer the Dotted 'States and Igicartqp*,' the ahood:
nig* of this fact - amid of Itself meet • robebly pretest'
110etile pucka from cominittleg. aggro on* on the Mite'
and render our actual' interference - for ite ptotettlon on.
The executive government td tles inutdry, - Iti
t o infe e ..
room with forolgo nations, le- limited to tho employment
of diplontarralono. When this' falls,lt con proceed no
further. It cannot IWritintitely resort to' forts, Without.
Cho i direct anthmity of Conon!, escept Id ' fealetlng. and
repining hostile attache: It, wattle hate no alithoritY
i.e
enter the Territory Of Nleertignis,mlMln Prifinitthedt:
'true** of the trsundt,anCprolect thalrivea linty prop,
• arty of our own clthons en thiergnoonge.fyitletrast that
on a sudden estiergetier of der Charades' The !Ingot.
would direct 007 armed
la
the ettitiltl to March to:
then relief; but tfdping llitefui'lltbetrdeCl liSri hie n,"
Plc' thus C CeM/Gint#ilrisitui.ilr '4i4iiiiieni to ,
Carers lcanle . l i lts' t - t
i::::lll 4 eVga b j deem proper , P "'
1. ploy the bind . = • naterforce of &hennaed States Inlpre:.
i vent leg the trap t from being obettne t en or cleaway..lo`.:
loam vidincicind in •Piei* ,- ang - IVe Irvin tad property 'of
AnntrhnircnioSLlGotonolfitboirsw l / 4 1rtvoreictir ow
some tlmithit - GMihrettell'lninithdniera tbe Moment
'rho danger shallleave pinned assay.' Without inch a pro
'Titian, oar chlwairrerill toremistantly egpcswittnilalarrap.
non In then prOgiont, and to lawiers via/ulce r
A stealer liiiccBM7 OW Ibr the plump Or sin*att est
'FA . Um protection of dha l o anarmaand'hihnantirple: mien
, in reformers to the Lanama santo..thellnited Blates.: by,
- 'their exhitinettour With. mw Grenada, aspreals gearino.
'tee the neutrality alba lethmue,.with Lb e view a n t .thi,
: Ikparanelt from theconsto.thasaineaynoub o rm,,,,,
ciiProl4 moMbiltlliii MeSietirretintis While ale treaty
1 - esleta.?.
4110 , 74 totZedineldeProlletife. VIM* has been-n.-I '4, 'Pinny opened the moot favorable aurploraeor treaty;
' eidth Mexico orthorgithDettembes.lBs3.wmweeasothonue.,
I aeueof U.6'00401 Stators rfght etgro tn ile,,,, -- - -
'peretwo -and sa,e...elltesee-aret otipistuteethm
cniitleot Phan fltit , abeltitinf.! kin
conaidnittlAbsUMMehitintits*ltioolettr
the I -la timed Waken MaihnelPil
Pot for, . areatuch
star PAM r
Li.* tom. .
,z . t.Littiillad 1
. C iM4 115 1: 01 1n .e ::
,Vittglere iteaty etipulditionl
~
' .10 : 7414 1 0 49, * 'Ms lif:
..i ..';.-... ',.":": ';',':, ~, 1,....'•::::,17:,..:::::'-'
these taxeii,ii on actin viola.:
tion of the treaty bet Ween 'TUT Tiro .neuittriei, - .
and as such would" be 'resisted ,:ty the trailed
States. At the BUMS time; wa are are prepared
to discuss (hist) questions in a spirit of amity'
and justice, but with a sincere desire to adjust
them in a satisfactory manner. A • negotiation
.for that purpose, has already beca'oornmenced.
No effort has recentlybeen =do to collect theSa
taxes, nor is any anticipated under present cir-,
cnmstances.
With the empires(' Brazil one aclationaare 'atlas matt.
friendly character. Theproductions Of the two sonnets,
and especially thnioo of an agricoltural nanent, ore inch ao
to incite dm herd ire motnatcaciamceik 4 „ tansi-qnsmiti m
American: 41. r trootoulatilia prtreilf Wllllst more t h an
tmtile the mamma In 'atonal' Brazilian =Toe .f.s consumed
to they United elate. so Idled this id the cue, a hoary deity:
has beer. levied, until eery I'l COL tir, sp. tee- Importation
of American /dour foto Liam!. i am • gratatled boweser7to
be able to inform you that In Eepleinher. Leaf Mr ben boon
minced Irian st,n2.to about firty.tdni!oents fire barrel, and
ht•tusic.ou eTti;t:i'artklot of clir . prodocilpn . haro bio'n di.
noinithed tr.MITI" Me LIMO prDpOr 011.
I regret entethat the government ern razi t Mill eon e
thaw , ' 10 lety an export May of 'bout II per cent. en coffee
notwithstanding VAN article In Mutated -free from duty In
the United Staten Ude le n henry charge upon the cow
Mane. carefree/it our nunnery. ns ere ruche*, Leila the
entire et:us crortof that article meted In Ems* Om
ale Woe, under Inetructiens, will reltende efforts to
here Itoro export linty romorM; sod It Pt .bopedthnt the en.
liguteo
cd stew
maneut at the Emperor *III Wept We wire,
Met amt. - pot policy. In tlett crest. there le mod antem
ta belled that Lilo contrnrrec between the twortamtrtes
greatly it1C1.30,. marl. tette, adrarangeof bone
The claims of our citizens again
.t, :or
ernment of Brazil are not, in the aggregate, of
very large amount ; but some of these rest up
on plain principles ofjustice, and their settle.
merit ought not to he longer delayed. A re
egwed and narllnftt, and 1 trout ft illteiNNs.4rtil
1,1501 t, will he outdo by our minister to recur.,
.Vrdinnidjustenentr ,- - •
0.2
n thn .1 of Joao love. yeee- , •
mt resolution authorizing the President "to
adopt such measures and vise ouch force as,
his judgment, may be necessary end.advizz--
hie" "for the purpose of adjitsting the differences
between the United,States, and the republic of
Paraguay, in connexion with the attack on
the Unites States etc:neer Water Witch, and
with other measures referred to" in his annu
al message. And on the Et' h.of July follow
ing, they made an appropriation to'dcfmy the
expenses and compensation of a commissioner
to that republic, should the President deem it
proper to make such-an appointment. -
In
compliance with these enaetments,,l.have
appointed a commissioner ; who has proceeded
to Paraguay, with fulipowers and instrnetions
to settle these differences in aw amicable and
peaceful manner, if this be practicable. flit
experienco ,and itineration Justify, the hope,
that he may prove successful in convincing
the l'araguayian government, that it is duo
both to honor and justicej .that they should
voluntarily and promptly ainko. atonetnent.'for
the wrongs which theyhaveceinruittedminet
the United States, and indemnify our 'lnjurett
citizens whom they have forcibly desPoileil of
their property.
Should our cconinissioner prove nnsuccess
ful, after a sincere and mostwriest effort to -
accomplish the objeet of.histadasiert, theti no
alternative will rentain,liut.-tho- employment I
of sorco to obtain ",just satiafaction" from Par
aguay. In flew of this eCtitlit`g,incy, the Secre
tary of the Navy, under.my,direction,las fit
ted out and despatched a naval force, to ren
dezvous near Buenos Ayrea,' which, it is be
lieved, will prove .satheient for. he occasion.
It is my earnest desire, however, that it may
not be found necessary to retort this lett al
ternative.
When. Congress met in December lest the briaineas 4 l
of •the country had pan been crushed by one ;Albano
periodical revulaiona rehich are the Inevitable cense- I
quitnee of our •unaound and extravagant :system )
M . 'bank credit, andleflated currency: - With allthe
nementa efnatiorial wealth in -'
ofnational in ahuntanorr our menu..)
features were saspeardak ,our eland .puldia
vale eatery's.' were arrested, and thentalds of In:
beton were deprived of imploymenthed Man - die
want, Universal distress provailedemongthe'noixt:
znercial manufaeturing and mechanical elaraint.,
This rondidon mei; felt the: Mere vieverely the;
United Stutavbeosuse similar = enmeshed produced
the like deplorable effects throughout:this cammenilel
Potions of Europe. All were experiencing ead're:.
ironed -at the nate memelat. • iiiinifooturers
:everywhere suffered eeverely; not teoits'9l' thaVet.
cent reduction. in the tariff of:digs:la IMPaivi but
beCanse there was no demand at anprice for thele l
predustlona.i -The 'panels - were' obl iged
_to
_tistrick
• themselves; In their purchLtivtr neposaitp : ,talcieji of
fa , the general , mewl= of buirtneast4teiron.
manuflieturem dambnt and 140%1
more than any ellinolisicand Womb desUtutlentraa:
the inovitalle- consequanarivreuroglboTirmatinnstF
her orricitlimenortililkOknni eirkicyell bt tiOnso*- ,
falbraueli:of air indailiy.-Theieeoltidbi:lo4upPli
whernlliere was'no dernand,-Zinesearan'exemple:-
these could ba no demand forrailnurd iconnftstr our,
rarkmill °en t system of railroads, ex teed Milli bandits
t 6 every"ponies': of the. Union, had beeribtohglit tore
died - PO/A The . i 13 4 6. 5m/4 1 4 1 •Peosliikvs'xicaleax
from simUar canes Mosey-alba: nailtlarranehes
of Weal manutieturos. - 11. is self,Otldent:llf*Where:
•a r a i i .l . 4. oloi il lt EtctPuralltseinPufee47l:4natalos,
Ike a ,cannetAnt: 141 , 3; -.and cormequentli, must
eesse . be prodncid. ,- ilio , gavernment,:mmt Os;
peolally 'a ;overarm:wit of , 'nett 'llartplr Oyer!
that of,?he : pelnimouto
. I bowholeeenunercial world seemed,
for years to have been rushing: to thineurewropbe,,
'The same ruinous consonances would have followed
in the Milted States whether the' dutleinpon foreign'
imports had remained as theyweroundar-thCturiff
of 181 n or had:been-raised to
,
Ent The tartlet 1837 Lad nontmeyin the path..
The genesit causes' existinetbnOrbent:theWeihr
couldptlay particular country.' - ,
The peTldical revarslob's - hive existed In
Qui Cast tM.Sautt can ti n uet9 l l44 7 .Vit4ltervelti
no long is Ulf -present, of bimla
indite shall prevail. They will, however, probably
he the lean - severe to-Totals;lonatiself Ii to be
eipeetmVatboil mattycrini renew; that the'
Commercialnations of Europe, with whose intareata(
war - orrn are so materially inetred; will sifrposs them- selverto almilar eldenailleiv :1101. this subject was.
- treated so roSekatisrge'ig :313 - 7 A:M* O'
that .1 thirg.net now parilueigArthar.i'lealll, I re:
speetrally ren'ew 'the recommendation „
the Punt* of a midterm bardwaptlaw:ACClleOlOtt9 ;
banking instittillanit.': ••Thiefliell the nee-finer UM
subject balm; tedindilorimgeentOk
etelee. - _,See elite wzia lautiob
het-Prevent aeoviL - - The Institut el'aidDlwaserration_
inigbtproduce n wholesome restraint opened: hank:
lag tedaew Utthey - sweriddilleiltde;
Idea of specie paymetite'lrAdt thitirably produce
their civil-death. Bat the offeetret 4,be
elem-Ole now sleety but surely vesting itiday: , 'The
emery- ed eisterptfee,3llWlrb-iv.- -
liii '"
ittriii "
4he . t '..
" 6 1 'that a speculative initiates
' or Ate ll: ::. 0 7 , wftliont • correspo - lading inflation
.. .4„itho r . ... tries Whose nserruf ents come in arm- .
'tiii(ja 61,t_t'"Giii' meet over produce *mat ro ns
results to. oar domestic muteasq,u..o.—ltas..tariff
.short of ablehlits prohibition can 1.,,„,.e nt iviiiii,• a
consequenir l
linen* 1 ttillill lhlo, ott b :lOotit ii I ' 4 , ;;:in to refer
it
to our fin= ' condition. Maseru cause, i i hi c h
:hire - prods ,-p ecuniary - nexus - thionatear t h,
coo ntryi have reduced the amount of imparts f reer
f o rei g n coun , that the revenue has prove/ t% k.. ,
qeato to meet e necessary expiate's orthi
.meat'. .-i -To mipplithe de fi ciency 'Ctingiars
- Act - of fhb 214 Deceraber,.lBs7; authorised the
of $2 0 ; 000 ,00 0 of Treasury notes, and this -proving .
1e. 4.,
inadequate, Ahoy authorised by the ActorJatio - 4.44
.1358, a:loan:of $20;000,000, to be nipliodto the Kr
,emcit of appropriations made by - law. No, ptatw . ,
Man would advise that vie sheirdd go on increasing
the national debt, butt* meet ths - ordinary /rpm*.
-of thing/Venire/on* thlirtidrild' be ` , most ruisiens
coney.-,TO ease of war,' our credit Must be ouieltref
resource, at least for the first year, and this would be
Rteel l 7 - ttortkroil - hf.liat'ing eentroolodit lotto debt
in - time of treat*, It is our tine policy, to inereiims
our revenue.. se as to ...squid Our expandiMres.:+ l
Itwatild do rninoun Ile:. continue to 'borrow— -Da
sides it may be proper to observe, that the hutm.
nil prdthctionthus afforded by a:rep:nee tarirwoilif _
at the present tifenientlii ZOOM bites, increase the
confidence of thamatatfackiring. hataresta:mad give
a fresh 'impulse to our reviving business. 2'shitids
' surely no person will object. In. regard to thorned/
of assessing and collecting, luties *lief a *idly
lefelto . e.totiff. X have long , entertainel: and oftanXtix.
pressed the opinion that sound policy requires that
this should be done by specifics. duties,t.o.'ithooi to
which these can be properly apilliedr Th
ey,aro;w4)
adapted to commodities wbith.: are usually 'sold by
weight cr.'', me asure, anewhich from their nature
are of equal or nearly equal value; inich,fortinasiee:
are the articles of iron of different classes, ranftmgar
and "Incise wines and spirits. In my deliberst;
joditient„!spacitio duties are the best if-not the' (ns
means of securing the revenue ag4,,,,t Ab e y r ut
fraudulent inrolc_es t and suchitastheuuthe_practiati
tidhpledliiithii p urpose- byother ernemarcial nations.
Besides, speciflo dirthar would afford the Ameri
can manufacturer the incidental advantages tomtit&
he is-fairly entitled:under drovenue torift - - ,The pita
ent,mysteln is a'-sliding sello te'his disadvintuo,
tender it; ,whin prices aro - highand bskinww.h . , pros-
Pemuirs the duties tire ilisMonnepithert.lie least re.,
quirts their itikon the;contraryi when - Trims All
ard he is a truggling,agolest adversity, the duties are
diminished, in the same ittili)Ortion„ great* to .114
injury; neither would theft he danger that a higher
rate of i dutY Than that intisrided by Centre/A thiiithi
be levied in the form ofapeeifie duties'. - It winilit-bili
easy to ascertain the Outage Value eV Mlififitpittilit
article for anodes of years, and Mama-4 tratojiatt ti .
in torin Adralonan duty, ate certain rateper Om
to substitute in its plum as equivalent srpealtio dety t .
By such arrangement the oonstanorwouldnet he.
injured ; it is tents that hie:Sighthire. to pays lit* .
more duty on a given article,* one year, but if -..a),
,ho would pay a little less In anothp, and in a NOW
of yeart, - thern ormild counterbalance each/tier, 40 4
amount to the sauna thing/A . 4v aa hls;stlbsronfli
concerned. . Th. lust/menhir*. weuld.the :trifling'
when contrasted with this additional atearlythus safe"
fonded "against frauds npitur . the :revenue,* urldelf
l every consumer is directly faternithd. rtutilithrAtii.
; out them suggestion ,' as the fruit of- my a* otssiest.
, rations, to which Congress in their better:judgintest
,will &catch:weight as they mai joitiy.dosammt, ~.
The report of the "Secretary : a the.Treammi ,
'will explam in detail the operations , of that dez
.pertinent of the government: The reatipts Cato ;
the treaseryfrom. WI .eourc.es during. the -fume
year ending 30th Jane,; .:1B58;; including the
treasury notesiinthoilzed by ilits act of Decant
'bur 23, 1857, were seventy million two hundretk
and seventy-three thousand eight . hundred aria
sixtpnine dollars and fifty-nine dente,(s7o,27Bh
869.10,) which amount, with the halancwst
seventeen million seven hundred and, tem :thew. ,
sand one hundred jittull.fourteen.;dothtriCiiigt
twenty-seven cents ($17,710,114:27,) remsdabitm
in the treasury at , the conamenemnentjef Thyif
year, made an aggregate for the service of Ott
year of .eighty-seven million nine .lundred ant
eighty-three thousand nineliondred andeightyc,
three dollars and eighty-six cents, (07,9E9,7 : -
The public expenditure& during the flocatr
year ending Juno 20; 1858„.,aMeunted to
,eighvri
ono million five hounired.. - and feiglity-fiteitheusX
sand six hundred and. sixtpeevect - tiollare tu4.-
seventy-six /Cuts; ' ($81,585,667.704 of whit
nine million , six. hundred- and..eighty-finir that."
sand five hundred and thirty-seven dollars and - '.
ninety-nine cents ($p,,684,1,537 99„) were applied.
to the payment of the . public debt, and the{rej
detaption of treasury notes with the intehet.f.„
thereon, leasing in the treasury on dely,:l;o4"ji,
being the commencetrieit of the - present fittair
year,. six million threehundred and ninety-eight -. , 9
thousand three taindredand sixteen dollars off
.
ten cents, ($6. 5 38,316.1%) . . - - .....1......
The receipts-into-the treasury; - datiwthe -
first quarter of the present fiscal year, corn 7
menclog the first of July, 1858, inCludiarone- ~
half of the lout of t went.* iiilliona ;Of : donate. I;
with the premium upon it, anthe}ise4 by the
act of 14th June, 1958, were tweno:five manors - ,
• o hundred. and
ti thirt thousand eight hoisdieth
.d ecnety. arne„ H i re - :go and "fo-y-elw conk,-
(820 230 970.4 n . ..! ilte r esiimk,., ~,.k.aw.wmig".„
,erniafiliiieffieite-iiiiiire - ra...„4,
; am, tr.... ...Unary sources, urpromrt, pinglii..4 , l
'':anon five - hundred thousand dollars ; ($llB,-.1,
500,000,) making, with the , balance before
I elated, an aggregate of seventy million- one •
hundred•utiatweiltptirle thOTISCOId onerhundent . “
read ninetylve - dollars' 'find "fifty - iii 4 et:l.z
($70,129,195.56.) , - '- ,
~•,,,.
~r • .
The expenditures, during
the litat quaitei. cf.': -
the present fiscal year, were twenty:Fortnilliart ,
seven hundred and eight thousand one .Itindred_
and ninety•eight dollars and fifty-onattents,
~:-.
($21,708,198 5I 1) of which mut null)iiiiistrien 4
thousand one hundred andforty-two dollutaadlL
thirty-seven cents ($1,010,142 87) wereiiti'"
plied to the paymentOf 'the pebll6 - debt bridliar , ,
redemption of treasury : notea and the interest '
thereon. The estimated. expendituree, "fluring,,:, -. : .:*
the remaining three quarters to n 80thitne - , 7 9; - -
are fifty-two • millien • three 'himilieurned 4 - - •
seven thousand six hundred :ami_ninety• t 2,
dollars and forty-eight cents, ($52,557,695 %).t'L ,
Making an aggregate of severity-fonr on '
sixty-five thousand eight hundred and ninety.
six dollars and ninetynine cents, ($74,05,1396::', '-':
89,) being an crows of expenditure, beyorid,atel^:::',:
estimated receipts into, the treasury front', Oii,lr, ,
'dinary sources,. during the fiscal year to the"" -.,
-20th junt, 1859; of:three million nine Mindred.
and thirty-aix Simulated 'seven 'hundred ai r d.OW .. r .
dollars , and forty-three cents, ($5,986,701'48,) '''-
Extraordinary means are planed by la* Within
'the command of the Secretary of the Treasury, ':.` .
by the reissue of treasury - notes:redeemed, and
1.,
by ; negetinting the. bedpan of, the loan an "V /
izeil bythe not of-14Si June, 1956, to Cho ill
tent of eleven' millions' of 'dollars, - *blob; "ittf:'
realized during tho present fisealinaroeMl isiz.",;',:: _!
a ;balance, in the treasury, on the first day of.tZ' • ,
July, 1869, of seven Million six •three thettiej,';'„,4
sandtwo.hinedred 'mid' ninety !At:Slain aai);„. o ,
fifty-seveit onto, ($7,063,298 5/. . - , .:, iiii.; , .*• - .:
The estimated receipts' during the next' . . - 4Sa: ( " ,
- • - ..,,,, -_,-
_,yehr ending `3oth bane,' 1800; aro stakir, ..:.
lions of dollars, ($02,000,000,) which, 1 , 1711;;F , 5.: , '
th above estimated balance of seven- mum& ~.7., ,
al ty three thousand twe,hatalrediuid-.nlit-o'":''''
eight dollars Undifilisaven. nents,(s7;oo k .
57i) Make an . aggregate teitite:aentee of the -,
nett fiscal yedt, ofi ,eixty-iiiiii - anilifert - sixty . .
Aline . thousand; tun 4W7t. dueld:Psdruttnoti,
7dollati and fifty seven. cenB4. ($69063,2984741: !"
The estimated " erpendittirei dmiags they: ,-
fiscal - year ending ,Biel ' 7BBO ' ` - ,'Ps
Ahem million one huadrideind . 4168ye1 - lie
shed- otterhundrtel . sad" th ll o , litie'stt 4 01 1th and
1
thipraiieifin6 l ,;q7B339 - ,.14.740); lowilea . '.;.=:-.:'.
a: - litsist:' ,- iteatimatid, means, atomparetl'ii
'o4o estimated expenditareenir that leaf,' Coln ::: 1 4: -
memehagontltelat of . .in1y,4859, afoot MOM l' -',.,..;,;:":-
and . earenly-fire thousand,eighb.liaratroidLii
_....,.:....,,,
foily eight dollars and - lig/m,t#to cents, ($4,
a 57.5,818 88 .) - -- - ''- • ''' ~,,,,„.''''
- In addition to thiettunr,athe , Posmastit, /le e ! ''','-''''. •
;Mil willrequire froth lbw treastorlii kith. tied ,_ - •:' .
ilower ; the •POW.Xhltel pepartnimacthiiiiiilll':j,Y,
-I:toeut eight 'hundred" mkt thirt , -.eightlhoMilatts;X: i
aeiere hmittred ' aihr..ttietiqfeigiht:: del*, 1crA 1 ...,;: -
$38,t1.80 ie . :4;414d I.kla "dra‘tiiarf..vtibli''-'i
• Beereterrot the :Te . easuenithtei r j o in f a t er it e ,4 ,„:.,
4
.thl-4adilz4t-ihtlitt,7Bworiatic.xtt qt
to:B6,eit.lomio.:_ntoo.t,tiodtic..tiamizio.,..?„
4hOusand, , five hun tired and - etrreaty;etr:doll --= ''P'
:tog ' - eighty - -nien 0int4, 7 47,94576.89.) T '
'Wide for Cho
,pcment of ada estimated deft: ....
clan oY , ',lo, , talt vtia be *Tonna kr ir qc*.sivr9 - fr. .
ri., ...utton4 lta •S , UtS; Co l l o -jaseli:lii•eivese, . -t ...
ltettmated for, ut. , the:mvrt or - the:.
liettarttheaVes welllMleleervilei tombs .:,,,......
ttsi i
, fellialittchalleur {a --11.7-etRU-ontl--
tt ding, treastimitetes.,tiliital***TY. or me .... .
Tr uri l rec . ai n Feiaiotu. 61 . ii 4i - ..griaida or etia,„
Ptli , allt ittlitiala Sallie alt.:W* o (i amaist-s' . 1..
Atter what. Lime° already - Nikki need eeareelrl. '
-add that I canon! in . the . elation - 4 LN:deeenli II),..„-
hilerepost.... - .thlt . the.pubmi , diddlthenidittoa'befr
Meeessett 4Lo -LT .'-additiotaatlese,' gad Wary..,
theta strongly urge.loD'Cling -tiiiii:4ll4l; . of ~.., 2.
444 6 61 ai 0 6 ° Pft"l el ,jt Z# 9 ,M, 4 7 7 .iq
provision for MOOT. -= ' e :".1. 0 4. ~.: ,-. ,',:.,,....
Thninablio - deld - o th 0.14, ahassothol,,,„,..
kl - MraentVprait? 4l ,PTK 1/ l i:* * ;o4'l
. ,Th i iing the first quarter otehtr,lpreeeeklateif
,ati-stast PrILTPX9 I Xj . „ 130)Petes:negotbstmt
'tbehoaniantluniangi, by thi4ct of .14th 4tase.„.
),84 8 .-maiderthetpterdint ontstandtte77
debt...each/lye of Treasury notes, $35,1 >f . „.
gO r t : - i nLegetvnit,..eit.j.therliVer Ja1,1058,41- 1 .
icesuartfeteitiSigeti hy dethatittiltheadt-oP! 1 '
Deceitber: , _2B.lBs7,l nasetletneied;_' the kid :bin
$ 1 C„ 764 , 8 0 0 -makitiethiyamimmVetreittodia-8-Y- '.
dibteditesi:lt'llitirtialA , "ssolo777:GV,„ . .lo . :-.
AU will be added
. *ll)ooool3oliiiingFtbalres-
mkt :fiscal year-this:beteg thr remsdettiglia4'tr; , ..
lheiloaitof $BO,OOOOO O t44.o46Uit g l iZ t e'-'11" ~---
L_Thirearild incr.:m*ollooBe deiWail
. 11 ., .i . x: . 7
neoessity.w,biaklAailidatiaili ll 444 l .oa4r, ;,: - -
MAT; to meet coca the ordinary' expenses orthit.:-"p
,goiermertm- englif - 46 , tfillitoliNtrajl alit, in --- infe ;',-- k ,'
' • s' - ' ' . ill lit^c`frrattlh'iiittir
: of tstpthd
~,. .•'!'"''''.
lilit'',6 , - ip
Btiist4.asi -,.
i1i . 5..4:4144 ..
.1ti..4 , 1iqX4'.. 1 - g .
w4rpasioa ..;.
-/avklpeziky..oicavm..4.
that none 0 thit.. .' ..
...