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THE SCJIAJfTOK TKJBUNE
fltDAV, FMBRUAlti' i; 1905.
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HISTORY Of tilt LOUISIANA rUKCIIASt IN TEN
THE GREAT
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O A IMOUT iiinlorstnndlng of
tho Iteuty of 1803, the loiters
Unit imsr.ed 1 or ministers
nix' of vital Importance. On
dull. 10, 1S0.1, Hie seei'lury of
stale wrote to Charles
Plnckuey: "You will liml also that the
house has paused u resolution explic
itly declining that the dllpuiatcd rights
of tho United States on the Mississippi
will be llivollubly mulnlulned. Tho dis
position of many members was to nlve
in the resolution n tone anil ctmiplex
lon still stronger. Tu thobo proofs of
tho sensation which has been pro
duced, It Is to bo added, that reprc
HcntutloiiH expressing the peculiar sen
sibility of the western country, arc on
the way front every iiunrtcr of It to the
trovcrtliucnt. There In, In fact, hut one
sentiment throughout the Union with
respect to the duty of ninlntiilnlnir our
rights of navigation mid lioundary.
The only existing difference relates to
tho degree- of patience which ought to
tie exercised during the appeal to
riiendly modes of redress."
Eight days later Madison wiote to
Livingston: "Mr. Momoe will lie tho
bearer of the Instiuelhms under which
you me Jointly to negotiate. Tho ob
ject of them will bo to procure a ses
sion of New Orleans and tho Florldas
to the L'nlted States and consequently
the establishment of the Mississippi as
the boundary between the United
Slntes and Louisiana."
Livingston, anticipating these In
structions, or rather acting upon those
of like tenor sent him befoie, ad
dressed the French minister ot foreign
relations on Jan. 10, "The land (to be)
ceded, If wc except a narrow strip on
the bank of the river, will for the most
pait, consist of barren sands and sunk
en marshes, while that retained by
France on tho west side of the MIs
hisslppl Includes the greatest bull: ot
the settlements and a rich fertile coun
try." On Maich 2, Madison, anticipating
Monroe's arrival in I'aris, instructed
him: "Your mission to Madrid will
depend on the event of that to I'aris,
and on the Information there to bo
acquired. Should the entire cession in
s7
The term is almost a misnomer, now-a-djys.
For the "century-living ciotx " has
been chooled by experience The rcarc
croxv dosn't scale" him. In cstigatiug orni
thologists say th.il he can tell nguti from u
stick and can count up to seven. ICidentiy
. l nc crow nas
iirottiesscd from
le ignorance of
hi ancetiy.
The crow is in
!-oiiie things in
advance of the
human family,
Theie ate .scare
crows which
X scared on r
x granuiainers,
;iti,l wlilpli :i!n
jiiit as featsome
to in. In spite
of the tact that
some scientific
investigators
say, "There's
nothing to be
afiaid of. A
scarecioxv can't
hurt you," the
bulk of men and
women still be
lice the scare
crow is a power
ful and desttoy
ilig fetish.
Tins altitude
Is most marked in relation to certain forms
of disease. In diseases of the lungs and
respiratory organ, for instance, it is the
custom to assume that there is no cure for
the cough, no help for the hemorrhage, no
healing for the lungs. The scarecrow, Co:
sumption, is set up, often taking the form
of some inexperienced and unskillful prac
titioner who denies hope or help to the
victim of disease.
Yet the records go to show that stubborn
coughs have been cmed, that persistent
hemorrhages have been stopped, and that
weak lungs have been made strong by
the use of Dr. Tierce's Golden Medical
Discovery.
TESTIMONY TALKS.
All the claims in the world for the cura
the virtues of a medicine will not equal
one testimony to the actual fact of cure.
Thousands of testimonials like the follow
ing have been received from persons cmed
of lung"troubles,"brouchitis, hemorrhage,
obstinate coughs, etc., by "Golden Medical
Discovery : "
"l was very sick indeed," writes Mrs, Mollie
Jacobs, of Keltou, Kent Co., Delaware, "ami
our family doctor said had consumption. I
thought I must die soon, for 1 felt so nxvl'ii'ly
cmu, -fiaii a una eougn, spu uioou. wa vcry
short of breath j hi fact, could lurdlv get 1 1
I'Kniii u. (in tHiicuiiic.-;,, i tiiui mull 111 lit?
chest anil right lung, nKo had dyspepsia.
Before I took jour 'Ooldeti Medical IjUcov.
cry nun -riraaaut
Pellets' I was so
weak I could
not sweep a room,
and now I can do
a small washing, I
worked In the can
ning factory this
tall, ami I feci like
a new person, I
thank the good
Lord, uud nlso Dr.
Herce lor roakiug
this good medicine
I believe that the
fiord anil your med
icine liave saved my
lilt, J was sick n cr
two years. I took
thirteen bottles of
the 'Hohleii Med
ical DUcovory' and
four ials of Doctor
1'icrce'n Pellets."
There is no al
cohol in "Golden
Medical Discov.
cry" and it is en
tirely free from
opium, cocaine,
and all other nar
cotics? Sometimes a
dealer will offer
a. substitute for
the "Discovery,"
claiming it to be
Must as good,"
The substitute
pays him moie
profit, that's why.
Protect yourself
from niiM-Tiijiul-nus
dealers bv
insisting on Pr. Pierce's Golden Medical
Discovery, '
St GENTS' WORTH
Of knowledge wouldn't amount to much,
you'd think, Gut for just 21 cents invented
ill one-cent stamps (to pay expense of mail
ing only), you can obtain knowledge which
jt has taken hundreds of years and millions
of money to acquire. Dr. Pierce's Common
Sense Medical Adviser covers the field of
medicine uud hygiene from the day of
(ialeu to the present hour. The 1008 phgt-1
of thin great work arc full of facts vital to
Human health and happiness. The book
is given away, being scut entirely free oi
receipt of stamps to pay expense of mail
ing only. Seuu ai onc-ccut stamps for the
book in paper covers or ,n stamps for the
cloth bound book. Address Ur, U. V.
fierce, Buffalo, N. Y.
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mLuuJiuAiwwMimxxx&axaKtm
TREATY OF APRIL
wjiww
CORRESPONDENCE PRECEDING irWtlO
view (the Florldas) he obtained from
tho French republic, aB assignees ot
Spain, It will not be necessary to re
norl to the Spanish government. Should
tho whole or ilny pari of tho Oessldti be
found not on the French hut on the
Spanish government, you will proceed
to Join Mr. linckney In tho requisite
negotiations with the hitter. Although
tho United States tire deeply Interested
In the complete success of your mis
sion, tho Florldas, or even either of
them, without the Island of New Or
leans, on proportlonuble terms, will ba
a valuable acquisition." Sad to say,
the secretary of state here weakens to
the limit of being content with the
"barren sands and sunken marshes" of
one of the Florldas. Tdvlngflton writes
to Madison on March 3. on being notl
lleil of Monroe's appointment: "I shall
do everything In my power to pave the
way for him, nnd sincerely wish his
mission may bo attended with tho de
sired effect. It will, however, cut off
one resource on which 1 greatly relied,
because J had established a confidence
which It will take Mr. Monroe some
time to inspire. Kniiosed Is n letter
addressed to the Ilrst consul himself,
and sent lilm before T heard of Mr.
Monroe,';! nppolntment." The letter or
paper tu which Livingston refers was
a cogent and indent appeal to Uona
jiarte for justice; for the payment ot
just debts, for the right to buy Florida
or some places of 'tianshipment. lie
closed with a feeling appeal to a sol
dier's humanity: "The savages on the
east side of the Mississippi are numer
ous and brave: considerable sums of
money nre annually expended by Spain
in purchasing their friendship. Should
their supplies be withheld, through ne
glect or misapplication, a universal
massacre of all the planters will ensue.
Their detached situation renders It Im
possible to protect them."
In his general instructions to Living
ston and Monroe, dated March 2, Sec
retary Mudlson lays down their essen
tial feature in Art. 1: "Franco cedes
to the United States foiever the terri
tory east of the Mississippi, compie
hendlng the two Florldas. the island
of Xew Orleans, and the Islands lying
on the north and east of that channel
of said river, i which isv commonly
called the South Pass, together with
such other islands as appertain to eith
er "West or Kast Florldu; France re
serving herself all her territory on the
west side of the Mississippi." It will
be observed that while our government
holds on to New Oilcans nnd grasps
"the sand banks and sunken marshes"
Willi a llrmer band, it lays no claim
to. but even entirely abandons to
France the whole of the west side of
the Mississippi. 'flits prepares us to
accept as veritable the remarkable In
structions of April IS, 1S03, which Sec
letary Madison udlrms "the president
thinks proper should now be given."
After diiectlng Livingston and Monroe
to sound the dispositions of the Brit
ish government and Invite its concur
rence in war, the oflicial despatch pro
ceeds: "Notwithstanding the just re
pugnance of this country to n coalition
of uny sort with tho belligerent policies
of Europe, the advantages to be de
sired tioin the co-operation of Orcat
Britain in a war of the United States,
at this period, against France and her
allies, are too obvious and too Imnnw--
ant to be i enounced. And notwith
standing the apparent disinclination of
tho British councils to a renewal of
hostilities with France, it will prob
ably yield to the various motives which
will be felt, to luive the United States
in the scale of Britain against Franco,
and particularly for the liiininriinir.
purpose of defeating a project of the
latter, which has evidently created
much solicitude In the British govern
ment." On. the same date a second letter Is
sent to our minister in Paris by direc
tion of Mr. Jefferson, breathing war
against France: "Among these ar
rangements, the president conceives
that a. common interest may recom
mend a candid understanding, and a
closer connection with Great Britain,
and ho presumes that the occasion may
present itself to tho British government
In tho same light. Ho accordingly
authorizes you, or cither of you, "in
case tho prospect of your discussion
with tho French government should
make It expedient, to open a confiden
tial communication with ministers of
tho British government nnd to confer
freely and fully on the precautions uml
provisions best adapted to the crisis,
uud in which that government muy be
disposed to coneui" nnd so forth.
The date, April is, must be borne
in mind because it will soon appear
that these Instructions were given
after the purchase trenly hud been
virtually made,
Still continuing out of touch with
events In Europe, on April SO, ISO:!,
the very day of the signing of the
great treaty, Mr, Jett'erson wiltes to
John Bacon, n0m Washington; "Al
though 1 um not sanguine In obtaining
a cession of New Oilcans for money,
yet I am contident lu the policy of
putting off tho day of contention for it,
till we are stronger in ourselves, and
sttonger in allies, but especially till
we huvo planted s-uch a population -on
the Mississippi aa Wj ,o able to do
their own businrs.-i, without the nece&.
slty of marching men from the shores
of the Atlantic 1,500 or 2,000 miles
thither to perish by fatigue nnd change
of clluuite.
Hetiirnlug- now to what was happen
ing In France and to Livingston's ex
traoidluury exertions and netlvltles,
wo find in that minister's memorable
midnight despatch, dated, Purls, Apill
13, 1803, and finished at 3, o'clock In the
morning, the authentic oillclul history
of the Louisiana ruruhasu treaty. This
long, clear and comprehensive state
ment tells the whole historic story.
Tho great treaty, was In Its essential
elements tho work of three days. On
April 11, Talleyrand asked Jdvlugston
"whether he wished to have the whole
of I.oulsiunu?" On April 12. Monroe
m lived. Livingston saw Talleyrand,
who tried to blulT him, On Apill 13,
two conferences took place between
Marhols und Livingston, lusting sever
al hours und ending at midnight, In
which both negotiators agreed upon n
treaty of trnimfer and acquisition, euv
intf open the amount to ha paid. Upon
this point they did not differ widely,
Monroe was not presented to tli3 llyst
consul until Muy 1 and heuco us a
negotiator had nothing olllelnlly to do
with a treaty concluded April 30. Tie''
Livingston dispatches of April 13 uud
April 17, cover the essential steps lu
the, progress of the famous ncgotlu-
PAPfRS. - rAPCll IX,
30, 1803.
1
MADE IT.
llon. To quote nit that Is Interestitur
Is Impossible, To condense Is out only
centime. From these letters, we learn
tlutt the decision to sell Louisiana wns
reached on Sunday, April 10, after Na
poleon hud hnd a prolonged conference
with Talleyrand, Mnrbols nnd othorn.
The Idea originated In tho active br.ilil
of Bonnpurle. It wits favored by his
brothers and by Mntbols, opposed by
Tnlleyiand and other chief men. The
subject was broached by Talleyrand on
Monday, Introduced by our minister on
Tuesday, who found Talleyrand eva
sive and mendacious, and twice re
turned to by Mnrbols on 'Wednesday.
On this day, April 13, the serious busi
ness began; Marbols sought Livings
ton while the latter wns at dinner, re
turned utter dinner, gave an opening
lor ti free talk, w'Jilch our minister
Improved by beginning with the debts
due, nnd commenting on the extraordi
nary conversation and conduct of tho
foreign minister. Mnrbols said that
this lead to "something important that
hud been cursorily mentioned to him
at St. Cloud, hut, us my house was
full of company, ho thought I had
better call upon him any time before
11 that night." Livingston was now
too much alive to the prodigious Im
port of the matter In band to wait
until 11 at night. So, soon as Monroe
took leave, he hastened to the house
of Mnrbols. After discussing the
equivocations of Talleyrand and the
consul's blunt proposnl for us to hand
over a hundred million francs, pay our
own claims and take the whole coun
try, Livingston, after a polite dis
avowal of any anxiety to get any
larger expansion of territory, cau
tiously remarked, "Wc would be ready
to purchase, provided tho sum wns re
duced to reasonable limits." Mnrbols
said If we would name sixty millions
and take upon us the American claims,
to the amount of twenty more, he
would try how far this would be ac
cepted. Our minister declared that
was greatly beyond our means and
wished Bonaparte reminded that the
whole region was liable to become the
piopt-rly of England. The minister of
the public treasury admitted the
weight of nil this. But said he, "You
know the temper of a youthful con
queror; everything lie does is rapid as
lightning, we have only to speak to
him as an opportunity presents itself
perhaps In a crowd, when be bcais
no contradiction. "Try then.
If you cannot come up to my mark.
Considci tho extent of the county, the
exclusive navigation of the river, and
the Importance of having no neighbors
to disrupt you; no war to dread." Our
minister asked him, in case of a pur
chase, whether they would stipulate
that France would never possess the
Florldas and that she would aid us to
procure them. He replied in the af
firmative, "TJie field opened to us is
infinitely larger than our Instructions
contemplated," says Livingston, but In"
promises to consult Monroe. In the
dispatch of April 17, he repeats "that
the commission contains power only
le treat for lands on the oust side of
the Mlssisslssippi." "You will recol
lect." writes Livingston to Madison,
"that I have been absolutely without
powers to the present moment, and
that though I have hazarded many
things upon a presumption that 1
should have theni, none have been re
ceived till now, and now they aie
unfortunately too limited."
On the l.'ith of April, after conferr
ing with Monroe, Livingston offered
Marbols fitly million francs, plus the
debts, for the whole of Loulsianu. This
approached within two millions dol
lars of the price asked. Bonaparte re
ceived this offer "coldly," fr6m policy,
of course. Monroe's reception was de
layed, about which Livingston writes:
"Mr. Monroe having been compelled,
when hero (1701) to be well with the
party then uppermost, nnd who are
now delesled by .the present ruler, It
will be some time before they know
how to estimate his worth, and Tallej -rand
has, I find, Imbibed personal pre
judice against him that will Induce
him to throw every possible obstruc
tion In ids way that he can consistent
ly with their own views." Napoleon
went off to Flanders and left negotia
tiatlons at a standstill until our minis
ters w Isely agreed to his own favor
able teims. The first announcement
of the grand consummation wns sent
to Uiifus King, In London, In these
words: "Wo have the honor to lu
foim you that u treaty (the 30th April)
has been signed between tho minister
plenipotentiary of the French govecrn
ment and ourselves, by which Un
united States have obtained the full
light to and sovereignty In and over
Now Orleans, and the whole of Louis
iana, as Spain possessed the same,"
On tho 12th of May, Livingston for
wards to Washington by " a special
and safe messonger" Mr, Hughes
the great treaty, accompanied by
other papers and two lengthy dis
patches, tho second of which Is signed,
lll;o the treaty, by both American
nilnlsteis, Wo e.ui extract but spar
ingly and only from what Is of gen
eral Interest. Livingston writes to
.Madison: "Among tho most favorite
projects of tho tlrst consul was the
colonization of Louisiana, Ho saw In
It a new Egypt; ho saw In It a colony
that was to counter-balance the east
ern establishment of Britain; ho saw
lu It a pi o vision for bis generals, and
what was more Important on tho then
state of things, he saw in It a pretense
for the ostracism of suspected ene
mies. To render p'o acquisition still
more agreeable t6 the people, oxag
geiated accounts ot Its fertility, etc,,
were sold In overy print-shop," Tho
herculean labors and ceaseless tolls of
Livingston to force and keep the dark
and iimulous sldo of this picture before
the tiususupeetlug eyes of Bonaparte,
can never lu their all-embracing com
prehensiveness be set forth, He per
tonally saw and deluged with written
arguments, which he called memoirs,
every person with any Influence, from
Napoleon down; his vigilance wus al
most literally sleepless until the acute
stage and critical crisis were unultei
ahly pasbed; and as a proof of his fai
scelng statesmanship, ho oven then
clearly saw that "next to the negotia
tion that secured our independence,
this Is the most Important tho United
States has over entered Into." In tho
great peace treaty of 1782-S3, he was
&&
?TVStf,lli remedy
second only to FrnnUllnumho value
and extent of his RorvicHKhen this
lltuslrloim man next ilpPfB on the
broad world scene, ho frames n treaty
that doubles the aieit of his country,
without one lino of Instruction front
this side of thu Atlantic. The presl
dent and societal y of statf never ex
tended their vision beyond the Missis
sippi to Its boundless west sldo. Not
it dollar of tho two inllllotiH they asked
from congress was to be expended on
the side or the Croat Northwest, which
grew to be the best end of tho icpub
llc. Tho ndmlnlntratton know not
what wan going on In Europe. Liv
ingston divined everything that wns
going on 'and made things move on
his own chosen way. The soldier
whoso fame subsequently filled the
world, was now but .".4; was without
experience In statesmanship or diplo
macy and hnndlcnpped by oventti,
could hardly be expected to cope with
a veteran In both these fields, now In
the ripe maturity of his powers, with
tho honors nnd laurels ot former tri
umphs giving power lo his brain nnd
dignity to his brow. In the battle ot
tho Mississippi the conqueror ot Italy
mot with his first defeat.
James Q. Howard.
IEWS OF
V A WOMAN
I:
IS my candid opinion, after 'ma
ture deliberation that we have been
doing things all wrong for years.
Now I have had some experience with
klrinesscs a little at least. Sometimes
I've thought Mint,! could manage to
worry along through the remainder, of
my days If I never saw another klr
mess and never felt obliged to say to
the public that "Never anything In tho
annals of Scranton has equalled the
entertainment of last night." When the
teachers said they were plunning to
have a klrmess I groaned in spirit. I
am not so sure that the gronnlng was
all In spirit. It did seem that this
town had reached the limit of klr
messes. Somehow It was difficult to
reconcile tho meek and lowly and
browbeaten teacher In Scranton with
kicking, and giddy short dresses and
similar frivolity, even by proxy. I
couldn't see how In the world they
ever had the courage to think of such
a thing, and wondered that the board
of control did not Immediately begin to
get out plans and specifications for a
series of sasnips at such audacity, and
If the teachers wouldn't find them
selves docked when pay day came for
having wickedly wasted a Saturday
morning in discussing trivial matters
unbecoming the dignity of an exalted
und revered profession.
But this klrmess has been a kismet
affair. There was no stopping the
thing. It wus" written that the public
school teachem of Scranton should have
one and although some of them are
scarcely aware yet of its txlstence,
there really is a kirmess unjl it is a
phenomenal success.
Somehow I think the chief element
of that success is being let alone. Some
of these affairs in tho past have been
coddled and commlttecd almost to
death. First there were committees
appointed. Then there were other com
mittees appointed? Then there were
sllli other committees appointed to
watch the committees that had already
b'een appointed. Then everybody who
wasn't already on a committee was ap
pointed a committee ofvthe whole and
thou they stood on each other's toes.
N.O wonder they often fell to scrapping.
The teachers did things differently.
To bo sure they hud a few meetings
und appointed a few committees, but
In many cases these were undeistood
as being purely honorary. They were
very busy people and after they hud
let the plans to a competent person
like Miss Stewart, sensibly enough
they went on about their regular busi
ness and didn't stand around In each
other's way. They didn't have the time
to go racing to rehearsals every few
minutes and reverse the orders they
hud given a half hour before. They
had placed the matter In able hands
and believed that Miss Stewart and the
ehaperones, who so kindly gave up their
time during the past few weeks, knew
more about running klrmesses than
teachers could be exueeted to know.
Then they went oqt and sold
tickets. Apparently their confidence
has not been misplaced. Miss Stew
art has been able to work with less in
terruptions than she hns ever experi
enced, and I haven't heard of a single
hurt feeling- because some committee
lady has snubbed somo other oimmlttee
ludy. It is a blessed good scheme.
I wonder that we haven't tried It
before instead of imagining we have to
do tho whole thing ourselves, and as
a. result, being obliged to take a rest
euro afterward and finding ourselves
short of several friends, with whom
we are not on speaking terms and ner
vous strain. (What a happy thought
It was of the person who devised the
term "nervous strain" to enable women
to excuse themselves for had temper,
III breeding and other frailties which
do not sound as agreeable as "nervous
stialn.")
Said a nice man the other dav: "I
am inclined to agree with thu person
who declared that 'woman Is the great
est conundrum of the age, but wo will
never give her up, no never,' Now there
was last' summer and the hummer be
foro thut, The way you women went
dressed was u caution. You all wore
about as little clothing as the police
regulations, even In Scranton, would
allow. You arrayed yourselves In net
waists I believe that is what you
called them, and didn't tho preachers
and moral papers, like tho New York
Journal, interfere? Then you wore
other clothes which It uassetb thu
understanding of man to describe, but
which revealed till your curves mid
most of your angles. Did I object? Oh,
no! What was tho use? Hut whut I
want to know Is, why you go this win
ter all done up like prize packages?
i'm blessed if you can tell, from a
bird's-eye view, whether a woman Is a
sylph of nineteen or a dowager of sev
enty. Haglans may be all right, but,
really, this is so sudden, from the reve
lations ot a few mouths ago,"
Saucy Bess,
m '
"Rummage" Sales Closed.
Br Exvlusho Wire from The AHoditeJ Preu.
.Laiuaitcr, .l4. 31. Wft, tnmii-pm In neigh.
burliiR citlr uu Jll sldcf, the Lancaster board
of In. ll h I, tiMnv: luctjutloivi to pro cut an
tiulbieak here, Social uiinniago" sales In
prpgicn for charitable puipow luie been di
i laird inimical to public health and ordnrU
clusid; all Kliool children ulll be jccmitrd
and v.bcruvcr possible the employ?) ot large In.
duitlUt ctablUlmicnts,
j This signature Is oa every box of the geaulor
Laxative BromoOuinineTabictr.
that vurva cold In one ilny.
! ! $
DOMESTIC SCIENCE.
It u tlie 'cut frank "Ktlrabclti" com
ittFnllwr on licr "thin, hull, InWllffciU mid
lovnlilc" Joitng Merman frlrml who li.iil Jiwt
hinrlieil mi beer, nrliwrcncKolrlcltcn mid i.itv
tugr lalnd urltli caraway n-ed.i In If, wlm
mldi "And now 1 hear lir tlironitli the open
window txtemiiorlr.lnn;,toutliltis inolodle In
ier cliiiniilnK coolnfr olee, What lnlUr
proof can be lnoded la utablUh the tnprrl
crlly of the Teuton than the fait lint nttr
moh iiicnU lip cm produce nuch niiulc?
Citbhaffo inl.nl Is n lioirld Imrntlnn, but I
don't doubt It utility tu a. iiieaiu of en
rouraglng ttioughtfu1ne.ui, nor will I qiur.
tel wllh it, uliico 11 Ufttlt M iioctlmlly, .my
more than I quirrel villi the liumive dial
Kult.i In roses."
Drsptto KllMbeth'a inal-odoroiii compaiUon,
Hip cnbbaRC lina an awircd place In the af
fections of too many people beside Hermans
to bp lightly tat mlde. They arc nmona;
the most Inexpensive Rrecn egctnblei now
in the maikcta, .mil may bo picpatctl lu nuch
n variety of wnj that Ihey need not pall.
Wlillo their food ul.ie I not especially
Sical, they nre none the leu useful mtjmirn
tu tho dietary from the salts which they
louUln and from their appetlr.lup; ndniKturc
ttltli ceitnln other foods.
besides Its iinp1c.is.int odor, in usually
cooked, the cabbage has ictebcd an iinuoiy
repulntlon on Indigestible. This can be at
tilbtitcil to the Iguominc of the cook nnd Ihc
pcncrslon ot cookery. 1'ioperly tre.iled. few
ei;etables uic inoic delft Ions. When cnteu
law It digests In Iv o limiin. When cooked
in four or cien lets. The corned beef and
cabbage dinner of llio .Vcw Knjhiud fanner,
ns Kcueially cooked, Is not In be i onimemled.
The cabbage should be hl.imhcd liift that its
rank juices which make it coarse and hull
gesllble nny be lenuned. Ilicn It may finish
J. cooking wilti some of the not liquor to sea
4, ton.
Cabbage boiled In this way is delicious,
Tuko n medium sized ficsli bead of white
cabbage and cut into quarters (iit teinoi
Ing the outer green lenves. Cut out the stem
from the lie.nl, wash and dialii very dry.
Put into a kettle with plenty of boiling wa
ter, one lablepoonful of salt nnd .1 scant
UMspoonful of soda. Alter It begins to boll,
lemoic the cover and cook lapldly for twen-tj-llvc
minutes.
When tender pour off the water nnd drain
in a collander. I'res with a plate to get out
every diop of water. Put baik in the kattle
with one tablespoouful of bullet and one lai'ge
tcjspoonful of Hour mixed. Add a scant salt
spoon of salt, a little pcppei, and halt a tup
of milk. I.et the milk bolt up thtnugh the
cabbage, tutting a knife through it srvcral
times, and icnioc fioni lire. Then senc.
Such .1 dish of cabbage seived with a "put
loast," which is niinllar to the 1'iencli bralfe,
giies a dinner both tnioiy and digestible.
'Jho fresh mal braNed with Aejelables until
qulle trader lias had all its juices catefully
sau'd by biownlng, instead of being tbionn
away in pot liquor.
Another delicious way of cooking tab
Ir.ge is an sr.it In, ISoil lender In snlt?d a
tel, then chop. Put a layer in the bottom
of u buttered baking dish and sni inkle with
bread iminlis, gialed cheese nnd paprika.
Ittpent, having (he last lajcr of giatcd chec-e
and bits of butter. Bake until a golden
blown and scivc in the dish,
Mill anither excellent v.iv in wliiili to
cook 11 cablnge la to stuff It. Cut out Hie
leait and tUni and leiuoie the outer sieen
lcaies. Plunge the head into a kettle or
boiling water for ten inlnulc.s and then take
it up caiefully so as not to bicak it.
Lit it cool. Meanwhile piepaie n fo.-co
meat, using .1 pound or tounliy sju.age with
the addition of .1 pound of lean eal gioiuid
or ounded fine, if preferred. Pack the heart
c" ! . .j. l, 4
ENNESSEE
ALONG ROUTE FROM CHATTA
NOOGA TO ASHEVILLE.
Mr. Richmond's Journey Over Ground
Made Historic by the Union and
Confederate Armies During1 the
Wnr of tho Rebellion The Marble
Quarries Elegant Memorials.
Wtittcu for 'I lie Tilbune.
vn
RESUME our journey over
the Southern railway from
Chattanooga to Ashevllle, N.
f. a distance of 240 miles, with the
thriving city of Knoxvillo In 111 miles
and Jlorrlstoxvn 153 miles Intervening.
Every foot of this route is over his
toric RroundH, for both the Union and
Confederate armies crowed and re
eroshed It, ploughed It with shot and
shell, and trampled it with cavalry,
burned it with torch and virtually left
It nothing but courage and soil a
complete desolation. The old eurth
worlts and defenses remaining being
constant reminders of tho dead past.
The scenery from end to end through
the East Tennessee valley, xvhlch is
210 miles long and 60 miles wide, larger
In urea than the stnte of MnBsnehu
setts, tluough which the Southern
railways runs, Is among the grandest,
most varied and pleasing wo have
traversed thus far on our Southland
trip. The transition from the lower
ranges of mountains about Chatta
nooga to the vicinity of the great
Sniohy range south of Knoxvllle, Is but
a four hours' ride and thence 011 lo
Ashevllle, the eye Is diet by an ever-
varying and changing landscape of
magnificent mountain peaUs. from
n.000-0,000 to nearly 7,000 feet above tho
level of the sea. with lower and sober
er spurs, beautiful vulleys, highly cul
tivated stretches, and numerous moun
tain streams that run water as clear
as crystal, itbuuudlng lu swift plung
ing rapids, cascades and falls often
good sized rivers In volume and length,
until the "acme" Is reached In the
"Land of the Sky" at Ashoville.
Flfty-sls miles from Chattanooga is
the busy toxvn of Athens, with a popu
lation of 3,C00. where Grant university
Is locnted. At Louden, wo cross the
Tennessee river, and In twenty-nine
miles enter the geut commercial o'.ty,
Knoxvllle, which stands upon gently
sloping hills on the banks of the broad
llolston a branch of the Tennessee
river, In full view of tho highest peaks
of the Appalachian mountains south
ward, and within thirty miles of Sl.ooo
square miles of coal formation, 0,B00
square miles of which comprise the
bituminous coal fields of Tennessee.
The coal fields within a radius of sixty
miles of the city embrace 100,000 ticres.
The Jelllco and Coal Creek districts,
alone, mine one million tons uunuully
of the bituminous variety of Tennes
see's yearly production of 2,600,000
gross tons, or 1,000 cars of twenty tons
each, sold at retail, $3.00 per tou, de
livered. Copper, nine, even pearls and
gold, are found In eastern Tennessee
hills. The copper industry is a groxx.
ng one, now mylug large returns on
large Investments already made and
destined within a few years to be
worth more to Knoxvllle than the coal
! !
-M"M"M-M"f f-M-4"fH---
t Menu for Sunday, Feb. 2.
I tWKAKPAST.
tdiapc Trull.
; Malt lllealtfast I'ood.
tSlitoln Steak. linked t'otaloci.
linking Ponder IJlscult.
T Coffee.
T UINNBK.
-f
f Cicjin of I'cn Saup.
f Cucumber I'lckles. Salted I'opeurn.
T Hoist .Mutton. Currant Jelly.
T Sweet Potatoes, llgg I'Unt.
T C.'nbljagc and Celery Salad.
I Cheese Crackers. Snow l'uddlng.
i- IILicli Cullcc.
X SUPPER.
i Scet Potato Sauce.
4. Cold hiked Ham with Milliard.
tl'resencd 1'eaelics;
Cocoinut l.ajcr Cake. Tea.
k
"M- -M--H"
cutlty of the cabbage and lie up In a piece ot
ihcctcrlotli so that the .stuffing will not tom-i
out. Put Into a shallow kettle with a cup
of stock, a nuall carrot and .1 small onion
sliced, 'oxer closely and simmer for .in
hour on the back of the range or In the
oieu, basting occasion illy. Seric with 11
brown suuee made from the stock in which
the cabbage lias cooked.
f one docs not happen to luie any soup
stock on band, any graiy or .1 little beef ex
tract disrobed in hot water will amwer
quite as well.
A buttle ot caramel coloiing kept un hand
will last for months aiu pioic 11 gnat con
xenience in gblng the rich brown tolor to
Braiies and sauces ttiat is so deshablo. A
grajldi, pallid beef graii, particularly, ;s
neither appetizing nor good to look upon,
ratline the caramel which may be obtained
of the high-class groteus, a jar of browned
llnni kent inadv will serve civ well. Put a
little flour In a pie tin and set In the oxen
or on the stoic, stirring frequently to keep
from scorching. When a lieh deep golden
blown not black put it in a gla3s can
and set in jour kitchen closet, where it wilt
be "handy" lo the stoxc. This will be found
partlculaily nice for thickening eal and
lonst poik or cutlet grailcs. Cabbage that
i.s to be shaxed bn cold slaw- or salad should
be laid irt cold water for an hour or txxo to
crisp. l)ieed xxlth lemon juice and the beat
giade of olive oil It v.lll be much moie
delicate than when xincgar is ucd.
The fuel .ilue (that is, the woikmg power,
tons'derlnir. the body as a machine to be
stoked) of a pound of cabbage is estimated
at HO taloiles, This la gteater than the
cucumber, xxhltli is only 70; asparagus, 105:
turnips, 1.10; egg plant, 130; spinach, 120;
tomatoes, 11.',. 1'otatoe.s, oiiioua, squash,
cauliflower, giecn peas, beans, coin and bcet.s
pocsess moie nouiishmeut than tho cab
bage, beaiij holding the fust innk and sxxvet
potatoes second. N'cxcr tluoxv the water hi
xxhlch either cabbage or beans luxe been
boiled down the kitchen sink. Their odor is
much more iien'astrr. nnd lasting than th"
"scent of the roses" thai clings to the shat
teicd xasc and beyond question far lesa
agreeable.
If the necessity that confionls the dweller
in a city flat, and theicfoie, "kiinws no law-,"
demands the disposal of such refibo through
the pipes, flush Immediately, and follow with
a strong sal-soda solution. Warm ihc pipes
s
mines. It employs now 2,200 men. Im
mediately around the city is one vast
store-houso of hardwood timbers, valu
able minerals, and the most beautiful
and durable marbles and building
stones found In the south.
MARBLE QUARRIES.
Ea&t Tennessee Is noted for its mar
ble which exists in pratycally Inex
haustible quantities and almost end
less varieties and tints. Every tourist
should visit one or more of these fam
ous quarries. "We are Indebted to Su
perintendent "V. B. McMullen, of the
Tennessee Producers' Marble company,
for valuable Information regarding
marble and Its uses. Nearly every one
knows something of the beauty and
variety of Tennessee marble, and the
uses made of It, for its reputation is
world-wide but few hardly realize it
embraces nearly live thousnnd -varieties
nnd of every Imaginable color,
the ilehest, ever discovered, used in
decorations. The highly variegated
brands are extensively used for orna
mental furniture, such as bureau and
table tops, wainscoting, mnntels, Mo
saic pavement for halls and also til
ing. That It can be procured In blocks
of any required dimension and sawed,
is a noticeable feature.
The red Tennessee Is extensively
used for cemetery purposes and is,
thought, by strangers, to be red Scotch
granite, which It very much resembles.
The "Knoxvllle Gray" Is also used
for monuments, but is better calcu
lated for building use nnd Is pro
nounced by experts to be a very sound
and durable stone. There are one hun
dred quarries noxv In operation lu the
state, which produce annually SOO.OOO
cubic feet, foity of these, being In the
vlclnlly of Knoxvllle, which Is one or
tho lnrgest maible shipping points in
the Culled Stales. I mention some ot
the notable public buildings noith and
south that uro made entltely of, or
decorated with Tennessee marble. The
marble columns and balustrades lu the
capltol at 'Washington; also the new
postotllco and congressional library
building: the capltol building at Al
bany; thu Equitable, also Mutual Life
Insurance buildings of New York, the
city hall In Philadelphia, the public
library and Great Northern hotel lu
Chicago, besides a number of hand
,some private residences In New York,
Chicago anil Philadelphia, are built en
tirely, or finished. In Tennessee marble.
For monumental purposes, the "Lee
monument" at Noxv Orleans, described
In a former letter, that niagnlflcont
shaft, 100 feet In height, is built en
tirely of gray marble from tho McMul
len quarry of Knoxvllle, and Is without
doubt one of the handsomest pieces of
work of Its kind In the world. This
shaft Is today as free from stain and
discoloration ai when we Ilrst saxv It
seventeen years ago,
ELEGANT MEMORIALS.
Elegant memorials have lecently
been erected to the late Peter Cooper
In Neiv York, and also to John Han
cock, of Boston, built entirely of Ten
nessee marble, und which for artistic
beauty and finish are not surpassed
by anything of tho kind in the world.
This particular maible lui. no equal
for interior finish, Its colors are of
sutllclent variety to warrant In the
trimmings nnd contrasts the highest
degree of artHtlo effect, and the den
sity, strength and duruhlllty of the
material makes It absolutely superior
for sanitary work, besides It is Imper
vious to atmospheric action, and Its
flrc-ieslstlug qualities are superior to
granite. It easily yanks with the fine
! 4- !
4.
flist by pouring hoi water lluoiigh them
befoie. the soda goes down,
In this connection a xvord ahout the plumb,
lira;. Willi the increase of romtnlencel, the
housekeeper' lesponslblllty Is llkexx-lse ug
menled. No matter how excellent the plumb.
leg sjjtem may be, ll Is bejond the plumb
er's art tu see that It In not abused, lllanio
fiiquently attaches to that Individual, lor
xvhlch the hujisckrcper ll directly responsible.
Tor Instance, the kitchen sink, Oxer this
opening there should be kept a strainer, to
prex-ent irumlu, lint, ten and coltco grounds
fioni ecttlnjf In. All gicase should bu re
inoicd fioni plittlers, frying pain, etc, be
fore washing, for the liquid solidities and
tllngs to tho pipes. Keep a little waste tis
sue paper on hand and wipe off greasy dlshei
ullli this befoie putting into the dlshpan.
All pipes should be flushed often. Whrji
the clearing up after each meal is accom
plished; xvnsh thoroughly, and then pour
down a little of the soda solution, which
should alwajs be kept on hand. Six quattl
a week will keep a small house In sanitary
condition. A good proportion is one-half
pint- ot xxaalilug soda to eh quarts of boiling
water. Plate In a kettle on the store until
alt the soda Is dissolved.
Washing soda should not be used indis
criminately all oxer the house. In pouring
boiling .vx atcr Into the basins, pour through
a luiiucl, so as not to Affect the metal.
In sltkiiess, when disinfectants arc ncces
saiy, four tntilespoonfuLs of cnrbollu acid to
a pint of cold water Is 11 good proportion,
I'oiir In the pipes nnd let It stand ten or Bf.
teen minutes before (lushing.
The best cleaning medium for faucets is a
mixture of whiting and diluted ammonia.
Ijundiy stoves are noxv rnade specially tor
family use, and will be found 11 greit ion
xenience when the family is laige and the
kitchen range in constant requisition, tor
cooking. They come In two sizes, tx'os. 8 anil
10, and with either lound or oxal tops. Thei'
nic lined xxlth fire brick, have dumping and
shaking giatc", n xx-ater back to beat the
boiler, and grooxed plac.es around the cjl
inder where sex en or eight Irons may be
heated at one time without using the top
of the stoxc at all. As the cylinder is un
lined, very little heat is required to keep
the iious at the right temperature a con
sideration in the midsummer das when the
laundry is laigcst.
If In toasting lamb or mutton, all the out
side fat and skin arc remoTcd, the disagreeable
woolly taste and smell will be done away
xxlth. It U this stroug flax'or from the wool
that glxr.s so many people a distaste for
mutton.
"Fried pork, salt and turnout inking foods,"
said an officer of the Ncxv York Slate House
hold Keonomlc Association, lately, "Is re
sponsible, I am sine, for tho frightful intent
petance existing among the mountain peo
ple of this state. They olmost, nexer luxe
fieh meat or vegetables, and if they, had,
their xvixc8 don't know boxv to rook any
thing but pork, and the men aie jtvst drlxen
to drink."
As the most ptattieal tcmperanic xvoik
possible, teachers of cooking arc to be sent
ibis xxlntcr up Into the Saianac legions,
xvbere classes will be formed among the
mountain women.
'Ihesc women are not only willing but anx
ious to be taught their responsibility for
the prevailing conditions having been due
more lo ignorance than to fililtllessncsj.
When all women icalirc that a person well
fed and nouiisbed is far Ic-a apt to craie
stimulants, a 1 evolution In the habits ot
many communities will hive been achieved.
Emma l'addock Tclfoid.
4 I' 4 !
marbles of Italy nnd Vermont, and
ranks In Its production, third; Ver
mont first and Georgia second. Knox
villo Is a terminal point for several
short railroads extending through a
rich agricultural, mineral and manu
facturing country, while the Grcnt
Southern railway ofllces and shops are
located here. The great river Is navi
gable many miles above the city, and
'.furnishes cheap transportation to its
mouth, for its lumber, minerals and
merchandise for a thousand miles to
the Mississippi. The noble river In Its
sweep half-way encircling the town,
furnishes ample facilities, for draining
all its area and for making it a clean,
beautiful and healthy city.
The city was founded In 1792 and
named In honor of General Knox, first
secretary of war of the United States.
The population Is 32,637, of whom two
thirds are white, while, Including the
suburbs, the estimate Is 50,000. Knox
vllle Is a city set on seven hills, and a
right smart northern-like city too. The
visitor here finds nil the advantages
and Improvements of a modern, up-to-date
city, fifty miles of well paved
streets, many miles of electric car lines,
extensive sewer system, and as hand
some business blocks, as are found In
the north. The wholesale and retail
stares are as numerous, commodious
and heavily stocked as any city ot
our acquaintance of double Its popu
lation. Its jobbing trade amounts to
$10,COO,000, and employs 0-10 commercial
travelers. Its manufacturing output Is
over $13,000,000. There nre over one
hundred live manufacturing Industries
within the city limits, and over 5,000
persons employed, and tho volume of
business lu all branches In tho city and
vicinity amounts to the marvelous
sum of $30,000,000 annually, a showing
not equalled in tlu South If in thp
country, by any city of Its slu'e and
population. The business blocks, banks'
and severul other buildings of the city
have Tennessee marble fionts, finely
decorated and presenting a handsome
appearance lo the stranger. The city
has also cotton mills, woolen mills,
shoo manufactories that vie with those
of the noi th, and Is constantly secur
ing new Industries. The Auditorium
under construction Is modern nnd up-to-date,
and will seat 0,000 persons.
The other public buildings of Knox
vllle compare very favorably with oth
er southern cities,
A CITY OP SCHOOLS.
Knoxvllle Is called the City of
Schools und Churches, As seen ex
ternally, -they are models of architect
ure, largo and Imposing, The Univer
sity of Tennessee, located here, very
justly stands at tho head of the edu
cational pysteni of the state. The
university preparatory school, Knox
vllle college, Fountain City Normal
school, East Tennessee Femule Insti
tute, Knoxvllle Medical college, are ull
located here; besides tho Tennessj
Peaf and Dumb asylum, also the A:3
luin for the Insane. The "Peabol
School," named for George Peabo8
who gave It financial assistance.
the hotels of Knoxvllle, the Impel Ij
the Lamar and the Bell and Hatl
are the most prominent. AVo cl
vouch for only one, the Imperial, wll
can be unreservedly recommended.
cuisine Is above criticism. It Is
oughly modern and from Its cotl
dlous dining room on the top lie
broad bird's eyevlew of the vityl
the fertile Tennessee valley msi
enjoyed.
-J E. Rlchml
-'
f i
t