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THE SCKANTON T1UBCNE-WIUDNKSOAV, DECEMBER 4, 1901.
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PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S
Demands the Uprooting of Anarchy, Urges Publicity of the Ac
counts of Trusts, Recommends Reciprocity and Is, Strong
in Advocacy of Qhinese Exclusion and Other
Acts for the Further Protection of
American Labor.
oooooooooooooooo t" f T" r rTy K l T Tl i m t . m r r ri a. -" w T
FIRST ANNUAL MESSAGE.
Though General in Its Recommendations the Message Is Char
acterized by Vigor and Candor of Expression and a
Clear Comprehension of Existing Needs, and
Will Undoubtedly Rank High
Arr)ong State Papers.
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0H A.O
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT
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VJ.
To 111 Satiate .Hid I folisf "f fteiieenlHlle-.
UK I'ONUKTISS af.snihk' till enr under iln
shallow of a gteat calami!. On the l.th
of September, .'resident ,McKlnlcy na "!wl
by iin anarchist whllo attending I lie T'.iu-
Amerlcnii exposition ill Ittlffnlo, mid died In
that city on the fourteenth of tlmi. month.
Of the Inst noven elected presidents, lie l . h"
thiid n ho lui been murdered, nml llir huiv rroltwl
nf this Pint l. oiifllclrlil to Imllf.v RfiiM- iilnvin .tlnotifr
nil Io.xhI Anicilcnti i.'IHzoiik. Motover, Iho rtrciiin
iliitifi'si of I til. Hie llilrrl nHic-xlnnUoti of .111 Aini'il
litn prcslilcnt. liiiM1 .i iiofiiltiif l sltill r YtKiilflcniii'i
fifilli I'tosldnl l.lnciilii nml I'uslilonl Onifllil v if
killed liy :i!-a.''.''lii of Ijiii.". iinrortiinntcly noi im
I'omnion In liNim.x : I'io.-IiIimiI l.lni'uln MlliiiK ' l
litn lo Hie iPtriiilo pii:loM' iinii,-oil hy lotn y.u
of eh II uiir. unci I'lvxldiMit t.tiiillol(l to Hie rp'iip-fnl
vanity of .1 ill!ii)nlntMl onirc.ccki'i. I'lf-liUnt
Mr"Kllil' w.i" l'llliil liv :in nltfily dopiiiNfil rrtnuiMl
bflotiKlliK 10 tluil hoil.v of f 1 I111I 11:1 Is tvho i1)i'l lo
all KnvrininL-nts ooil tnnl b.iil allk". who m .ikhI'io
liny foiui of pupnliir lllii'itv If It U kiihi atitoi-il iv
veil the 1110M Jum nml UIjimvI l. 11 nil wlm hi in-
liostllo to lilt'
oloi "ill nu
Htfpot,
npiiuht
to t0
ApCHIflJl Of 11 fl'M- ppnpt'
lyniniiliMl iinrl liroiponslhii'
It !- nni loo nun h
In i.i
Ihni 111 tin- ihiir of
t'lolili'lil Mi-Kliik-y'.-. ilv
itli lie
n.is-- Hip iHOl nMi l
loved 111.111 In nil tin- I nltcil Sintf: IiIIh i Iiiivh
nrvor hut) any inibllo 111.111 of hi" pollloii lin Im
lifi'ii in vihnlt fii-o irotu tln lillti".- iinlliiinnn-y ln I
IpiiI In pillllif llti-. I ll- pullllr.ll OpPOIK'llt- .'! iIip
llfst tu bom Iin- lie.iitli'M nnil mint ki-iiiM'oik liltililr
lo the litontl klmlllni-"' of n.ttiin. ilu' hM-i'tii'-.- .mil
ir-lit It'll'" Of IllllnrU'l' shl('ll i) ndlMH'il llilll lo III"
1 loo nnor-l.iii-.. 'Co :i .i.ukIeikI of lotiy im sri tl In
piiblti; lll'i' hv iinllid ih- lomler iitfoftluii" nml lioinc
-li nn'- tvhli h .in- ,111-111111011,1111 In the iimlii'-np "r
n.itldii.il I'liuincii r. .S niill.int soMli'i In rlio sc .it
wit foi tin- t'nioii, Iip iil-u "hor.f .t : 11 i-.iniplf 10
.ill 0111 pi'oph' umiiim ii In" comllti't In I In- tlit-1
ii it'll riml intlnnil" of lioiiif H'liiHoii'-. 'I'll,- f toulil
lio no pi'rMOn.il li.tttcil of lilm. tor li iiffi ;t ft !
Willi .inylil hut I'oiiMili f.illiin foi tin- xcliiui' hi
ollii'i". No oni' 1 onhl 1. ill lo icspi't't lilm who Umv
him In pnbli pilinti- life. The iloti'iulfi-s of io(.
niinilcriiii" 1 1 imiii.ils Him -I'llt in ('Xfii.-t' th"ii 11110I
nallly hy n.-'Oitiiis: thtif ii I' fPiolMi fin pnltili.il
mil.-, iint'iuh .ia,iln-i wcilth .1 ml h'tv-'pnii.iiiiif hh-i.
Bill foi' llllS .ls".l-"lllltIoil IHCIl lilt"- li,l''i' npnllil-V .Hi
ll, il he lllfil.
I'lvriilcnt .Mi'lCinli'.v .i .1 10. m 11I iiiinlfi.ii'
1110.111". ,'i 1111111 wlio-'c "lO'-k "pi.iiiB 11 in tin -Mint)
llllfi" of the .4nll, who hnil liini-t'lf hi'loiiB'fo nnnoin
Ihf .ti;voiUi'is, lio liiiil niilti(fl Hit- iiinn a- .1
lii.ile Mihllt'i. Wr-jllli w.i mil -lniik 11 1 wlii-n 'in
pirsldtnt w.is ii;"iii-iti:ili'ill lnt the Inmi'.-i toil, wh' h
is criiilont Willi moilfniti' Hiihi'. nflfi :i IITt'llin nf
iinivtnltiiiis Inlioi, liittfely In iln m-ivIi- of sii pnii
lie. Mill It"." wns power slunk nt In lli ."Mi'-c ih.ii
ponor I" Ii lopon-llile or rt'iitfieil In tin- ii.iml" of
any om imlivldinil. The hluw win not .limed ,it
tyranny or wc.iltli. It was iiinied at one of the Miotip
c-t t'hnniploiis the wjgt-.'wotki'r Ini" t-M-r lud. nt
om- of tho mo"l I'nltliltil t?ptf!-enliillt-" of Hip !"
litti of public lights ami trprr.'-cnt.itlvr' Ruxcimui'tit
wlm Ini" I'vcr t'lsoii to public ofllfp Vif-itli 111 .Mr.
Kllllcy Jilletl lll.il Iiolliicnl oitli for which Hip 11
1 It e people vote and no pic.-tilinii- not t-wn l.iniMin
liimsTlf wu rtcr tnoic niuistly .nivloti to ti-ptc-"flit
thf wll thousht-oiil wNhov of tho iitople: liK
om- nuxifty in fvcry rri-1" n" to ki-i p lit i.lii.i 'i
touch with the people to find out wh.it they thought
and to ende.ior to Klvu cxpie'-'iou to their iliouulu,
after liuvltiK eudenvoreil to ttulde th.it tliouRlu artKlit
lie had ,ll"t lieeti ie-eecteil in Hie. ptf'-iilt.n.'j
c.iuse the maioiity of our cltlssen. Hie iu.iioiit nf
our f.inuei." ami wafre-vioiket". bfleil ;h.u lie
had faithfully upheld their iiiteie.-i." fot fmii jmi-.
I'licy lelt themselves, lit clce and intiniaif tiun.ii with
him. They 1". It that he lopiPM'iiieu -o well anil -o
honorably all thelv ideal" and ti-plr.itluu thai 1 1 -avImIiciI
him to (onttnue for uiothei foui .1 1 . in
reinesent litem.
And till" w.i" the man at wliuiii Hie ,i,i--in
ftiuikl That tluiemlsht be imlliinR laikins, 10
plcte the Judas-like intaniy of 111'- net. he took .idvau
taKt' of on nccaMon when tlte pr.-nli'iit w.i- iiiee: m
the jicople senor.illy: and mhaueliiK a- If to lake
tho hand otit-Mietclied to htm in kimll.i and I'lolhnl.v
fellow. "Iiiii. he tinned Hie noble and y.-iieio'i"- eniiti
dence of the victim Into -u, iippoi utility lo '.Itike 'lie
latal blow. Theie I" no ba.-cr deed 111 all tlte ainial"
of crime.
Tho shock, the Ktlef of the iniiniii, aie l.lil,-i in
the mind!' of nil who saw ilm datk U.ijs, while ihe
pioldetit yet hoveteil bctwfep life and deaih At I.im
tho llslit w.1.1 slilled In the kindly e.w- and the bte.uh
went trout the lips that ex en In mm nil aitonv uttered
no won!" Mixo of iorKlveue" 10 UN iitutth ler. nf
love for liW fnend-4, and of unliiltei iuu tiu."i In the
will of lliu Most rilRh, ueh a death, cinxviiliis the
lory of such a life, leave-, us with Inllulte soimxx.
hut with such ptldo 111 ulint he liarl aMoiurdMied and
In Ills own porwiuul chaiaetei, that xve feel ih olow
not .-1." struck at hint, but ,s Miuek at the nailmi.
AVe moutn a uood and rit.'u pies.den who i uead,
hut while we mom 11 xve ate llitrii up by ihe spleiiillil
achievement of hi" life nml the stand IteioNni wlih
xxhlch he met Ills death.
Wlien xve. tin 11 ttom Hie man 10 the nation In
haini done lh o (.'font .1" to evclto our KiuvfSt appr.
henninnti nml tu dfinaiiil out wt"est ami most re-niuh
action This cilmluiil was a pinfosseil unurchli, Pi
tlatpeil by the len.-jhlimi- nf piofesseil ariarohWi'. ami
pi nimbly uNo by Ilm teel;e" utterarif es nf t),.,,.
ixliu, on the slump and In the public pre.-s, appeal I.
the il.uk and exil hphlts of rmillce ami Rreeil. Mix 1
and .sullen hailed, The. wind Js sowed by tin- u,, n
xvho iieaeli such diicuines. uwl they caiinoi enii,ie
1 helv shnie of icsininslblllty for tho whirlwind ih,u
i leaped. Till-- upplicw alike lo tho dcllbetate den. a
KOBtte. to the e.ploilir of .4etisatlonnllim, and to tin
cniilc nml foollfh vNluiiim who, for xvliatC'Vcr na-nn.
apoloslxes tor crime 01 modus aimless ill"couleiil
The blow xxii" iiliuid not at llils pir.-ldcnt, but ,,
all pteslileiits; lit cxniv syuibol of government. I'j-ci
dent McKlnley xv.n- as .unphfillcally the emfiodlnienl
of the popular will of ilm nation expressed thiouwr
Hie forms of laxv n a S"v llnsland town meeiiiu
Is In bltiillur fashion ih.. ombodlmeiil of the law
nbldliie' piirpo'se UM, piaiilte r,( tho people of tb
town. On no conceiv.ibi, nier rotilcl ihe murder of
the. president be uctpied a dun to th pront
ngalnst "Ineiiuulillfs ti. ,nM older," save as lln.
lintrder of all the tieem-u enyaneil hi a lawn meei
inp could tie accepted as ,1 pm,,. .ig-alnst thut social
Incqiidlity which put- a nuiletaiior In Jail. Anmchx
1 no more an txpiesf,m of "40clul dlicontent" thaii
pluklnp of pocketx 01 wlfe.bejilnp.
Tho nnurchlbt, nnJ especially the niiuruhlPt In the
L'nlted KtnU'R. I mwHy une type of ctlmlimi, inme
ilantroiotis tltun any oilier i)evau"ti ho lepresents the
hamo depravity in a tti eater ileBrec. The man who
advocates anarchy itlrei lly or Indlteetlx'. lu an
shopn or fashion. 111 Ilu- man who apo'lofilze.s oV
iinaivhlsts and tlit-lr deeds, niukes himself morallx
irccssory to minder before the fait, Tho anaiclil"'i
is a, criminal whoae penerteii Instincts iCUil lilm i
prefer i'onfulou ami chaos lo tli most beneilcenv
fotlll of social order, His piotesl of concern for
n orkliiBmer, li oulra'scotis In lu Impudenl falBltc; for
If the political Institutions of this countiy do not nf
foid opportunity lo every honcit and Intelligent son
of loll then Hie door nf hope I" foiivet cu'0
iiEalii"! ilm. The iiliuri'hlst I" evrtj i line not merl
Hie enem nf stetn tiud of prnjtie.x". but Hie ilr.iullx
foe of liberty, If ever anntehx l tiluniphmil. Il
tilnmph will luM fur but one I'd monteul, lo be ut -
eeiliil for 'ii;e" by the ulnotn.x iilRht of dciotl9ni.
t'oi the aniiichl"! hlm-i'lf whethef lie pre:irlii s
'r pt'.ii'llie." lili" ilocti Itie", xxe u id not have one. un
til le iiirife collect ti tliiiu fot any nullum ,x miiuleui.
lie l nni tin ili'tltu of "oclal or political Injustiee,
'I'ln-te aie no wtniic" t lemedj In ltl uasc. The
i.-iuse of his i ilmlnallU I" lo tie found in his own
i-x II p,islnii4 nml in lite evil conduct nf tliofo XX lln
time hint oti, mil In hiiv fiilluie bx othei" or hi Ilu
"t He to do iiMtlic in lilm nt his. lie I" malelai'loi
n ml nolhliiK el"e. He is In no sense, In 110 simp, or
xx ay. a "piodiicl nf "ncliil omllt Ions'." s-nxe a
lilahwaymnn I" "ptodiiced ' bx the fuel tluil nn iin
unietl man hiippens 10 Inn u puiso. Il I" a liaxesly
upon the R-renl ami holy name" of libetty mill fe
d'ini to 0M111II them to be Invoked in such a cut.si
N"n mini nt hodx of men preaching imaiehlsllc dm
nines shmilil he ulloxxrd nt lninc inn moie than if
ic,l'hlui' (lie nilliiler of "Ollte "peclllc pih.ltC llldl-
vlduiii. Anarehistic Mieiehe. ixiltlrips .mil meetltis"
,u- c-scntl.ill.x .sedition" ami ticii"iiuiible.
I fiirtieIIy rei'ommentl lo the toiiBie-" that In Hit:
'oiel'-e of lis wl-e ill-crcilnii it should hike Into com--iilftatlnti
1 lie omltiq In thl" otintt.x of anari hist-
11 iietsntt" piofe""liifi ptlnilpli" litistlle in all gut em
inent iiiiil lii'tllxlng the niiildcr nf tho'-e pl.tciil in
iiiilliotlly. Such Indix Idiials a" thnn xvho not PiuK
:iko Kiilheied In open meetltm to sloilf.x the miirdi 1
if KIiib llumbeii of Jtttl.x iitptiute a ctinie, ami
ihe law should eii"Ut" their iIkcuoiis piinishmeni
The', and 'hnse '.Ike tluni -.hoiild he kepi ntn i( liiii
iniittj : and il toiiiul ht'ie Ihc.i should In- plnuipil.x
thpoi It'll tn Ihe roil rill, 1 xx Hence they cihim; ami fj,.
leu hill,: ptii,ii sliotild he 11 1 .1 ) Im Ihe piitiNb
iiieni of ihose ixhn su. ,"ti mutter call" nnn" 'ii--fUlly
for the '-e"t tlintiijlit nf r,hc (otimes-'.
The Ptv.ei.il lomt" should he i;eu Jill ImiIi Hon
oxer u mini who kill" 01 altempts m kill the piNi
1 til. 01 mi) man xlm hv the I'oitMitiiiion 01 lix l..xx
is In Hue of -ucf e"h-ini( tot tin pttidencx. xxhlle lb
punishment im ,m iiiisik , ,m-iii aitenipt slmnlil be
piopnltliiiKtl tn llir .'liiii nill.x nf ihe- iiffelis" :malii"t
ni.r Institution-.
An, itchy i" a ilm" against the xx hide I111111.111 iaen
nml all imiukliitl sho.ild hand nimnist th" anaiclti"!
III" cilme should lie made .in nffi i-e .uralii"! the l.wi
of tiallom-, like pttnei jini that imni of imn."eal!ii
knn'.Mi as Hi- -lave iiade. I'm il 1" of far hhnkd
iiiUlnx than llher ll'-hoitld be n decliueil by
11,'iilie" aniims all elvlllzt-il pniwis. riuc)i ticatie"
ixmilil nlxe to Ihe I'oleial B"xei nm lit lh" pnxxet ni
ilealma with the crime.
A Klim cotiinieuliii.x upon the I'nllj of H.e an, 11-
hist po-itliui in nfftiided b the alllllitle of the
law loixntii ihl" vct'V 1 lliniiial who had .lust laken
Ihe life nf the I'le-ld-ul. Thu people xx-ni.'d him
I nni him limb limn ilmh If It had 1101 In en that Ilia
laxv he tletied xvas Invoked in hi" bi-balf. sj0 iir t'i iu
Ins deed behu; eoininllteil on behalf of the ppoi:
attalnsl ihe Koxei ntnent. the lioxeinment was obllsteil
al iniee in e.ei t tis full police ptiwi-r to saxe '.In,
ir.im iii"l.iiil death at the hnud.s ni Hie people. Mm...
ix er, HI" deed Minkul ut the -liulil.."i tlNlocat Inn In
nir Biixeiiunenlal sjMem. and Hie daiiRet of a i.-eiii.
1 "lice 01 such (let ds. no mutter hoiv pieai 11 111UI11
-I'llf. XX'Mlllll WOlk Otll III tile llliectiull Of .tl'IIKtlel-
inn ind Rlxins hnishue-s 10 thn fotce- of onler. "n
man will ever be ie"tralneii tinm becomlni; pi f-til. 111
by nni fear a" lo hi" per-onnl -afeti If the tl-k In
the pK'ilileni'M Hie became gieat. II wiillld mean tl.al
the otlii would in ore ami moie tome m be nllttl bx
men of a spiiii wlilch would make them lonlutc .ind
mi'injer- in deallne; with eiei.x tiiend of ilf-ni,oi.
Till" )4ieaL louiilry xxlll not fall Im o anarchy, and if
.iii.iichl"t.s .hf.ukl evil In tome a "etlous menace in
lis Institution", ihey would not meiely be st.fnuie,"
ml. but would liixohe In their oixn 111I11 exeiy nclii.
or pi"-lie -ymp.Hhizi'! xxlth their tlnitilues ;'1,i
Ameilian people are snx m wialh, lull when ih.di
xxt.ilh Is nuee kindled ii bums in,,, ,, , , m-nmiinj
ll.Mlle
V.
The Ptevalence
of Ptosperity.
riillhm Ihe l.i-l lle yens Uui
nf"" coiilhleuie hns been ie-,ttiii
ami Hit natluii is 10 ho 1 onmratii-
Cllllse nf II;. in -.(HI .Ibiilliulllll: llln-il.'lll V.
laictl he
Sut'li ptO"peilly en 11 iiexi-i he ete,i(,. bj l.ux ali.n. ,
altlioiish It is eii"y enough to destiny It by mi-ehe
u- laws. f Hie Hand of tlte l.oid is heavy up m
mi lounii.x. If Hood or irotiuhl come", human ius
ilitin I- pnwerie tn axel 1 Ihe calamlij. .Moivovei.
ii" laix 1 im Kiiatil us against the eous-euucitce" of our
nun lollx. The men xx hn ill - Idle m cifdulou1, Ihe
im 11 who -e,.; gam mil by genuine xx ink xxlth he.ul
in
n.'U 1 ny Kami) uu lu any fnim. mv atixavs
a
-nit c
i.lhel J
xxh.il I
vx f I fa 1
tbf ag
must r
01 menace not onlj to ilieniselve" but i,
If Hie bii"lm,ss world lo-e" its bend. Ii ln-e."
glslation eaniiot suppb. I',itti(l,iinul.itli. Hie
of til It Itizeti, and theiefoie (hi xxeltaic (
legate of I'ltl.eus xxllteli lllllk,'" tl nation,
'.-I upon Imllvldual llllill ami eiieiirx, ic-aiii-
lion and hilelllKeiicc. NuthltiK can lake ihe iiH-e of
ltd" intllxldu.il capacity; but wise ejj,illnii tiud lion--t
ai'd Intelllgenl adinlnlstrallon tan give It Ihe full
e.sl .-inpe Hie hugesl oppoftimll.x In xxmk to u.hh
Ifeel.
To Hegulnte
Corporations,
The tieniendoiis ami hlnlilx complex
IndtlsttlHl development which xwnl
on with ever nceeeiied tapiillfy
duiitiR the hitler half of the nineteenth cfntur.x bung."
a- lure to fate, at the beginning of tho twentieth,
xxith voiy ."crlotis social problem". The old laxxs, ami
the old customs which Had almo"l the binding forn
of lnw, xvetH onro qullo pufllciciii 10 tegulttte the ai .
I'linttilatlou and disttlhutlon of wealth. Hliiue the In.
dusitlftl chuuge.i which Have .o enormously lupreased
Hie productive power of mankind, they tite no longer
i.nfnileut.
The BTOxvth of iltliH has gone beyond iompaiJ.-on
fa-'ter than the Krowth of the lounliy, and tho up
building; of the hi cat Indiisitlal 1 enters haa meant a
"111111111? increase, not inctelx in tlte ag-Riegate of
xvealth, Iml iu tile numbei of veiy I.ubo ludlvldiiiil,
and especially of vary large coipoi.iie, fortunes. The
euallnn of these Kicai corporate forlutim has not
been due to the lurlff not 10 any other fioveinmenlal
ai Hon, but to natural causes iu Ihe business wotld,
npei.nlriif In the oilier iiiiinttleF as they operate in
our own,
Thu ptocess Has aioiis:i much antugonksin, a
sreal part of which Is wholly xxltliout warrant, It Is
tin! utto that as Iho tick liaxc grown 1 Ichor the poor
have ki'oxvii pootur, On Hie contrary, never before
has the uveraRo man, Iho xvaue.wotkor, tho fainter,
the small trailer, been so well o(t 11? in tlili country
and nt the picscnt time. There have been aliuse'a
connected wllh tho accumulation of xvealth; yet II te
mains true thai a foilunn aceumttlatrd In L'itlmale
hulnei,s can bu itccuinulutrd by the person specially
betieftied only on condition of conferring ImmcnsV
Incidental bencllts upon others. .SiKcossfttl enter
pilse, of the type which benellts nil mankiml, cji
only exist If the condition are such as to offer great
ptitos an the towards of success,
The captains of luduMiy xvho huvo dilven Ilto
rnllwjy systems across tills tonihirnl, xvho have, built
up our commerce, who have developed our manufne-
lur'H III) X X mi tli whole iloin Slenl guiiil in out
pi ople Without them the iniitoiliil tlcxulopmcnl ol
xxlileli xxe me o justly ntotiil coiihl inner have lukiu
pluce. Muixoxer. xve shoultl rei ogule Hie immense
Impottance lo thl; nt-itorlnl iHixeUipmelil of leitvlng a"
uillitinilnteil n Is eonipullble xxlth the public kooH tlte
."tiotig nml fotcefitl men upnn whom Iho sticee"" of
blHllle-s npctnlloii" Inex llnhly te"t, The "llgllte.-t
sttidv of huslncs" conditions txlll satlsfj att.xone cup
able nf fot tiling a Imlijmi'iil Hint the persotvil cona
tion I" the tno"l important factor In a business opetn
Hon; Hint the bii"lne-s ability of Ihe mini til the lm.nl
of any business cuncern, big or little, I" usually tin.
tin tor xxhlch tle" Hie gulf bet xx ecu sulking stn.ee
and hopeless falluie.
An iHldlll.ni.il ittisnu fur eauilnii In iIciiIIiik xxilh
eiiiior:itloUs I" lo In totuiit In the liiieiiintlonal coin
iiu'icliil 1 mtilllloii" nf Inihix Tin' "utile business con
dition" Willi li hale ptnililceil the glint nggl eg-iiilou"
if coipor.iie nml I111llxldu.il wealth hnxe made thetn
xerj potent fiietoi" In Internntlonul eotiuuerci.il 0111
petition. Illl.-llies- collet Ills XX hit 11 hale the large"!
mean" at their ill-po.-til nml nie luiimiged hy the
ablest men ate uuluiall.x Iho-c xvltleh take Hie lead
In llir ."iill'e foi commcrclul Miptotnncy among the
nallnii" nf Ihe xxnrld. Atii'iiui Im" only .hl"t begun
to n""uute thai coiiimantllug position In the iulcinn--llolial
business xxmld which xxe bellexe xxlll mote and
mole be her.- II I- of the 11111111-1 Inipul'lniu e lln;
Ibis pn-ltiini Im urn lnip.irdetl, especlall.x at 11 lima
when the nxt illoxxiug .ilnimlaui e nf niir own nuluril
le-ouiei'" nml Ihe skill, business etieigj, ami tticchn. il
ea I aptitude of our 1 pic make foreign minkels r,
-entail. 1 mler such enndition" It xxould be most iin
xx l-t to ii.itni nr tu fitter the xnntliful sengh nf
nut' nation
Miiienvt'i. il caiinot 1 It, 11 be palmed nut ;lui.
in stiike xviili igmiiiitil vi.il. m at tin- iu'etest- of
one "el nf men altnosi inexlialdy entlungei the ln-leie-t-
uf .-ni. Tin I'liudameuinl nilc In our nation it
life the rule xxhlch unileilles all itliot I th.it. on
Ihe xx hole, nutl in lis; lung tun. xxe -halt gn up ni
bnxii logeiher. Theie ate ei eiillon-: und ill times nf
prospi rity Munr ixill pro-tier tat liinie. and In time.
nf adxeislif sunie will sullei far ninie, than ullifiv;
Iml hpenklim geneiallx. i peilud ol grind times me mi I
1I1.1I nil shnie moie ni less iu llieiu, and in 11 pcrloil
nf llllill llllll's r 1 1 feel Ihe stle-Js ,, , gieiltel 01 le--
tlegiee. 1 1 suitdx niiglil tint to be n-cess.'iry lo elitei
into anx ptunf of thl" stnteiiieni . Hie mpmor.x of 'he
lean ytnt" xxlileli bi-f.au In IV.) i- still xlxld. and "
an outlast I hem ixllh Ihe Cllllllltiolls hi I 111-- X". i
ear xxlileli I- nnxx , In-ini;. Id-n-ier 10 gienl bti4
ness eiiierpilsi's fan never hnve il elteciu limltttl lo
Hie m, n at the loo It v,pteails i In , mullein and
xxhlle n s li.nl tor ex el x leuli . II is xxniM I or lhO"p
fariliesl ilnxMi Th. iapllall"l ma.x be ."horn id Hi"
liiMiiie-; but Hie xxage-xxmker ma.x he ilepilxcd if
t-X i II ll.llC lef. -Sllle-'.
The met' lianl-m of tundei ll bu-liie..- I" -n tlelicatc
that eMlrHlet.no HI 11-1 be tllkell llnl In 111 1 jl'l'.'l XX III,
It 111 n spit Ir nf laslmes- ni Iguoiaine lnn nf lliosii
xx ho haxe minle Ii their xm 1 1 Ion lo denounce Hip
gieal iuiiuslnal ciimbliiatliiii" xxlibli me populatly,
although xxlth ! biili.il lu.ucui.it ,x. kiioxvn as
"Il ilsls." appeal i-pt cl.illx In hailed and 1'ear. Tlie-tj
ale piei'l-e,x tin Ixxn euinlions, pal llctllally xxheu
eiimbliletl xxilh Igiuiiaiii i xxltiih unlit men lor tlte e
eiiisf of i nni ami -le.nlx ludgmeiii. In fating irnxv
ii.ilil-llial tiiiiilllliii,-. Hit xxhnle hl-lnr.x of the vxniltl
-liuxx.s tluil legi"l.-.tluii xxlll gtneiallx be bolh uuxxl'
nml hteffeellx.. unit-" iimlet taken aflel calm iuqill'i
and xxlth stihei st-lf-i e-l I alut Mileh ol the legl-ta
linn tlitecletl at Hit liusi.s xxiiuld have been excefd
nml.x miselilexntis had it nni ul-olieen entlielx Ineffei -
lixe. III .1 1 llllill e XX'itll a XX't H-kllllXVII sociological
Ihxv. the iijiiot ,i tit nt leekh's- ngiiuinr ha" been I tie
leall.X elffchxe fneml of the i X lis xxldih he has been
il iinlnall.x oppo-lng. lu dealing xxlth business iiuor-'.-is
for Ihe giixertiineiil tn utiilert.ike by itiitle ami
ill-i onsldei. d legislnjliiii in iin xvhat ma.x linn out to
be bad, xxotilil he lu Incur Ihe i isk nt such fai-ieaeh
ing nutlnual di-nsiei that il xxould he pieft rable to
uiiileilake tiiilhlug at all. The tiieu xvho demand Hn
impossible ill' the Ulldesilalile .-ee lis I C allies of
the fold'- xxlth whit li tlie.x aie nominally at wai, lor
Hie.x hnutpi-r iliosi tilio xxiuilil imdeaxor to inul "in
In i.itioti.il fashion xx'h.it Ihe ixtnii!;- reall.x aie an.l
in xx'hui esteiu ami in nli.il manner li Is piactlcanlt
tt lippl.X lellll'llie-.
Evil to Be All thl- I-. line; ami xet It Is uls,. tiuo
Conected. thu theie aie teal ami grave cvi, une
nt the chief being over-capllalli'.iitlor
bC'i aii"c n it- many halelul t onsetuence; and a
lesiil'tii ami pi, lethal efloii mil"l he made lo torrn I
lhe-e ex s.
Tlteie I- a xxlilespreail Unix Icilun In the minds nf
the Alllel k',111 penple that I he great curpoiiitinits
known as lru-is am lu terlain of their ftalure.s iml
li'lnlencles liiiitful to ilu ucltei.il xxelfiue. Tlll'l
spiittgs fiom no "plili of eiix or urn. hailtnbleue ",
nor l.n k of pilde lu lb" gtcat Industrial achieve
ments that haxe phi' ed lids count! at the head of
Hie nations .snuggling lor commercial suprcmac It
thus not i est upon a lai k of Intelligent rtppi relation
of Hie necesslly of meeting chunginjr and changed
ciiihIIHoiis of tt.ulo with nexv tucthocls, nor upon ig
norance of the fact that combination of capital In tin
Unit in in cnmplish great things Is necessary xxhen
the xvoild'" progress demandi that great things In
bine. II Is based upon sluccie, conviction that com.
hliintloii ami couccutratlon bhr.ulil be, not prohibited,
but .sitperxlsed tiiict within reasonablo limits con
trolled', and In my Judgment 'this conviction is light
Il H no Hmitntlon upon property rights, or free.
lulu of contract to iccpiire that when men recelv
Horn government Ihe pnvllcgo of doing business un
der rnipoiiito form, which trees them from Individual
responsibility, and enables them to call Into their
I'literpHses thu capital of the public, tlioy shall do i
upon absolutely truthful representations a to the
v Hue of the property In which tho capital is to b
Invested, t'orpor.ittoni engaged in IntenMntn com
nieue shoulil be regulated If they are fotinil to es-. t
else a HceiiFi) wot king to tho public Injury. It should
be as niiirh the aim of those who seek for social Hal
iciiueiit to lid tho business wotld of crimes of cun
ning as to lid thu entile body politic of crimes nf vlo.
leme. 'It cat corporations exist nnlx' because llie.x
aie denied and safeguarded by our Institutions; ami
ii I" theiefoie our light and our duty lo sea that limy
woil; In haimnny with lltcso Institutions,
The first essential III detetnilnlliK how lo deal uil
the great industil.tl combination:) Is knowledge of Hie
facts publicity. In 111" llitciest of tho public, Ilia
government Mwuld have tho right to inspect nml m
amino the xvoiklngs of Iho great cotpoiiiiinus rp.
gaged In luterstnlo Hushifiss, Publicity l" Hi m.lx
sine tcinedy whlrlt xve 'can now Invoke, tviiut us.
ilier tcturdles ato needed hi Hie way of goveiuinental
regulation, or taxation, can only bo dctct mined alici'
publicity has been obtained, by protens of laxv, and
In the cour-so of ndinlnlstratlon. The first requisite ,
Is knowledge, full and complete huoxx ledge xxhl'jli
may be mado public to tho world.
Ai Uncial bodies, ni'.'H as corporations anil Joint
stock or other associations, depending upon any sin
ttltory law for their existence) or privileges, should
bn ktibject to ptojier tfoveriimeiitul Mtpervlslon, nml
lull and accurate infounutlon us to their operations
should bu made, public icgtilurly at UMJonablis (n
letval".
The latye i uipniallons, comniouly called trusts,
though oiaiilrci1 In on xlalc always do business iu
mini state-, often doing xet.x Utile bushier In II. e
Mute where the nte iieori)otatcd. There I" niict
lack of tiniformlt.x lit the stato law abotil them: and
as no stut! has any usclustxc luleio"! In or power
oxer their ait. ii bus In practice proved ImposalbH;
In eel itdccpinie lesulallou thiotiglt stntp action.
'I'beiefore, lu the Interest of the who!': people, tin
tiiulfiii should, xMthout htlcrt'erliiR xxilh the power of
Ihe stales lit the tniittw Itself, also ii"sume power or
uppixMtm ntnl regulation over nil coijmrullou" tloitit;
an litlorstale Ijnsliiess, This pi especially trin xxhx.'.i
the corpmiitlnti ilerlxe" a porllou of Its wealth trjm
Hi' "Msleiv e ,Sf Mime momipolllle elemptit or i ni
tleuci In Its bii-lness. Theie xxould he no hardship In
-ui'h superxislon; banks are subject In II. and In their
case it is nnx accepted n a simple matter of course
Indeed, Il I" probable Unit superxislon of corporations
h Ihe national gox eriinir nl need not go "0 tar as 1"
now the case xvllh Hie supet vHlon cverclsed o'er
them bx so convtx'iiilxe a slate as Massachusetts, in
ntdei to produce c.sccllent results.
When the 'oiisjllttitloii was adopted, at lliu cud of
the eighteenth ceiuur. no human xvlsdnrn could foie
tell the sweeping changes, alike In Indusuial and poll
llenl conditions, which xxeie to lake pine: bj ihe
beginning of rhe twciitletb centuty. At that time It
in- accepted as a nutter nf eotnse that the several
slates xxere. the ptopei authoiitles to regulnt". so lur
as wi,.- then iieecs-'aiy, the I'ompai.'illwl.x in-lgmll
nun und stiietly localized eoiporate hinlli.' of H.e
da. Tlie tomlltlons.are noxx- wholly dlffeienl 'ind
xx hnil different action Is called for. I bellexe Hut
a Ihw tan Iip fiameil wlilch xxlll enable the national
goxorntnenl In exeictse control along the lines abnxe
indicated, piolltlng hv the cxpeilem f. gained through
ihe pnss.igf, and administration of the Inlerstai'.
I'o.umerie Ait. If. hoxxexef. the judgment of the
i'iiiigio-s I- that II lack the constitutional power t
pa- sui li an a' I, then a consiUuilonnl uinndniiit
-htlllld he submitted to lOltfer Hi" povxet
Wants New
Cabinet Offlcet.
Theie should ht; ttculcd a cabinet
nlhcei. to be knoxTu as -icietai
ol commerce and indu.-li'le", a.
Pioxnled Hi the bill introduced at th- kiot s?s-iop or
ihe tntigu-s u -Itould bo his proximo lo deal xxlih
niiimeice iu its- hrondesi sense; Including among
man other things xxhatexei concetti Idbor ami all
matlei'.s alfectlng Hit; givil business' corporations' iml
our men-hunt tn.ulne. '
Th- toui"e pi opuseci i- one phase or xxltal should
in- a compii hetisixe .md fnr-t caching- ii.in.nif of con.
stimtlxe sintemiiiihtp lor ihe puipoe of bioadeti-ing-
our mnrkus, seeming our business interests ot .
"nte bnsl.s, ami making' firm our new position In ih"
iuleiiuitioiial iudiistilal xvoild; while stiupiiloitslx
ur.-guardliiK t!.e lights of xxage.)otker and capital
im. of luxestot ami pilx-ute eitl.en, so its to scent,
unity as hetwepii man and man iu this lepublle.
- "Willi Ihe "ole exception ot (he fanning inlei."'..
no one, matter 1" of such xltal moment to oi.r xxhoh
people a" the welfare ol Ihe xx-age-xxoikcr". IT H.e
f.unier and tlie WHge-wotk"r ate well oil', it i ah. o
lutel.x i it lain that all others xxill he well off too I'
I" Ihetefoie a matter fot he.nl.x cnii'iraliilaiioii ilt.it
nil the xxhnle wages die hlgln r today 111 lite TnllM
State" than evei befon? ill our blstoiy, and far higher
ih.iii iu an nlbei lounlry. The "tandatcl of llxltig i"
also hlghei than ever bel'oie, llxery effoit of leglibi
lor und adminlsliatot slmiild h- bent m fufe ihe
permanenc or Ho" lomlillon nf thing" and it" Im
pi ox tin nt xvtieiexer possible. Not only must out
labor be piolected by the tatilf, bin it should also r
piolfited so far a" II I" puslble tiom the pteseuc"
iu ibis inunlry of any labotets brought oxer by tun
I rait, or of those xvho, lonilng ft eel, yet lepvestnt a
4ianibntl nf llxltig so tlepiessed thai the on
undeisell our men lu tlie labor niatk't and dug lh 'in
In a loxxtr lext'l, f regaid II a" iiet-essaij, nith till"
etui In vlexx to re-emii I lnimedlati-l.x tlie la xx eeluri-
lllg I'llllleSe
net es-.n x in
effect I xe.
la'uorers and to stiengthni It xx-heiexer
older In make lis eiifoieenii-nt 'ntlilx
Fair PJsy
foi Lftbor.
The iiatluu.il goxei tiineiir -bunld de
mand the hlghcsi finality of st.r ice
fiom Us employes: and hi letiiru It
should be a good employer. If possible, legislation
-hoiild In passed, tn lOlincoliou xxlth the IntetsUtu
enmnieiee laxx-. xxhlch xxill render elTcellxe Hie eflott."
if different slutes to tin axvax xxlth the tompellthin
of cnnxlci contract labnt in the open labor market.
So fat a" practicable under Ihe conditions of goxeni
nient xxotk, ptoxsoti shnuld bt made In lender Ihe
enforcement nf Ihe elghl-hour laxv r-.it' and citain.
lu all ludu-llie" cut tied on dlieclly or liidirci lly lor
the l'nlted State-s goxetunieiii, xxonn'ii ami chiln'i'ii
-hoiild be piolected from excessixe lioius of laboi.
fiom nlghi xvoik, ntnl from xvotk iitulei tPMiiniiatx
eondltloii4. The goxerunieui hhoultl ptovlde ip ,i.s
eiintiaels that all work should he done undei ".fa t
rendition", and iu addition to setting it high .sianilaid
should uphold It hv ptoper Inspection, extending-, il
uece.-saty, to the sub-contractors. The gox-orninent
should foi hid all night work for women and chihlmi.
i" well as exiosslx-e owr-tlmi". for the l'i"irlct of
I'olnnibiii h good faclory law should be pas-ed; atuk
is a powerful Indited aid to such luws, provision
-hoiild be made to tin it the inhabited alleys, the ccn
leitce of which Is a tejuoach to our Capital nt. into
minor stieels, whwe the Inhabitants can Hv e under
coniiliton" favoiable to health and morals.
Aiiietlcan wnee-xxorkera work with their heads as
wen as their hands, Moreover, they take a keen
mlile n wii.it they nte doing; no that, Independent of
iho lexxaid. they wish to turn out a perfect Job. Thli
is tho sit-in secret of our success In competition wltlj
the lahui uf foii'itni comtttles.
The most xlial ptobtetn with which this countryxj
.iml for t h.it matter the whole civilized world, has td
deal. Is th- tuoblem which bus for one eldo the bct
icrment of social conditions, moral and ph steal, in
large cities, ami for another aide the effoit to deal
xxlth that tangle of far-reaching qtieitlons which wc
group together when we ispeak, of "labor," The thief
factor In tlte success of each man wage-worker, fat
nier, and capitalist alikemust ever be the sum total
of his own Individual qualities and abilities. Second
only to this comes the power of acting hi combina
tion er association with others. Very great good Im
been and xvlll ho accomplished by associations ur
unions of wage. workers, when managed with fot
thought, and when they combine Insistence upon their
nun rlghls with law-abiding- respect for Ihe tights of
iirhcti-. The display of these finalities In such bodlts
I- a duty to tho nation no less than to the nusocia.
Hobs llteniselx-es. Vmall, there, must also lu mnn.x
tases be action by thei government In order to safe
iiaid the tlgitts and Interests of all. I'nder our
i (institution tlieto is much more scope for mct tu
lion by the state and Ihe municipality than by lh
nation. Hut on points such as thoso touched on
above. Iho national government can aei.
When all Is said and done, the rule of brother'
hood i cumins as the Indlbpen.-ablo pre-ietpilsiie to
Miccess In the kind of nutlona! life for whliH w
sttlve, llach man must work for himself, and tinlfiw
he so works no outside help can ux'all him; but cult
man must remember also that he is Indeed hi I
hi other's keeper, und thut while no man who refuses,
to xxalk can be eauled wllh advantage to himself M
anyone else jei that each at Utiles ilumlile.s or hiilU.
Hint, each nt timed needs to haxe the helping hand
outstretched to him. To bo permanently effective,
aid mttt alxvaxit take iho foim of helping a. man lo
help himself: and we can nil best help nitr.'elx'es by
lolnlng together In the work that H of common Inter
est to .ill.
K .
Restrict Uiir present immigration luws r
Immigration, unsatisfactory. Wo ncd every Hon
ot and ellltient Immigrant fitted to
become tin American cltlnen. expry Immlgrpnt who
tomes here to slay, who brings here n si rone bod ,
it stout hcati. n good liCHd, and a resolute purpose to
do his duty well hi exoty way and to bring up his
'Illicit en .is law-abiding and God-feat lng members of
the community, llnl there should be n comprehensive
low enacted with the object of working; a three-fold
Improvement over our present system. First, wn
should aim to exclude absolutely not only all persotm
xx ho aie kiioxvn to be beltex-eis In anarchistic prlin.l
plcs or meinbeis o' anarchistic --oeletlcs, but also all
pet sons xvho ate of a low moral tendency or oC tin
snvory reputation This means that we. should re
unite a moie, thoiottgh system of inspection abroad
and a more ligld system of examination at our Im
mlgtatlon ports, the foimer being especially neces
sat. The second obleii of a proper Immigration lnw
ought to lie to seeiiic by a caieful and not merely pel
functory educational test, some, intelligent, capacity
lo appteclalo American Institutions and not sanely
x- .American citizen". This would rfol keep out nil
anarchists, for man of them belong to the Intelli
gent I'ltmlual ulasi.'. Bui It would do what Is also In
polni. thai is. tend to dectease the yum of Ignorance,
40 potent In producing the tnv., suspicion, malignant
passion, and hatred of order, out 6f which anarchistic
sentiment itiexltably spring-;. finally, all persons
should be excluded who are below a. certain standard
of economic fitness to outer our Industilal Held ns
lompetilors with American labor. There should b
proper proof of personal capacity to earn an Amerr
citn llxltig nml enough money to injure a. decent statt
under Ameiltan londlltons. Tills would slop tho in
flux of cheap labor, and the resulting competition,
xhieh gives rise to so much of bitterness In American
iudiistilal lite: and il xxould dry up the firings of the
pestilential social condition" In our great cities, whor
unuiehlstic organisations haxe their gtealcst possi
bility of grow Hi.
ftoih 'he edittatioiial and economic tests In a wl-
Immigration laxv should be designed to protect and
el'xate the general body politic and social. A xcry
lose supervision should be evrriisetl over the steam
ship companies which mainix- bilng over the Imml
giauts. and they "liniitd be Held to a strict account
ability for any intiactioit of Ihe law.
Recipiocity
Is Urged.
Theie i.s general acttulestence In our
picscnl tariff system as a national
policy. The first requisite .to our pros-
peilty is the continuity and stability of this economic
policy. Nothing- could he more unwise than to dls
tuib the business intetcsts of the ;ountry by any
general latiff ohango al this time. Doubt, apprehen
sion, uncertainly are exactly what wo most wish to
nx-oid lu the interest of our commercial and material
xx ell-being. Our expeilcnce. In the pasl, haa shoxvn
that sweeping revisions of the tatiff ar apt to pro
duce londHions closely approaching panic In tho busi
ness world. Yet 11 Is not only possible, but eminently
desirable, lo combine with tlie stability pf our econo
mic s..xstem a' supplementary system of reciprocal
benefit and obligation with other natlotts. Such reci
procity Is an Incident and result of the firm estab
lishment and preserx-ation of our present economic,
policy. U was specially proxlded for in the present
tariff laxv.
Ileilprocity must be treated as the handmaiden, of
protection. Our tlrst duty Is to see that the ptoAcc
lion giained by the tatiff In every case whete U is
ueed.tl Is maintained, and that reciprocity be sought
for. so far as it can safely be done without iiiinry tn
our home industries. Just how far this is, must bu
deteimlncd according" to the Individual case, rciuem
beriuu alivas thai every application of owr tariff
policy to meet our shifting national needs, must hi
condltion-d upon tho cardinal fact that tin: duties
must never be reduced below tho point that, xxill
cox or ihe difference between the labor cost hete. und
a broad, Tho well-being" of tho -wage-worker is a
prime consideration ol out" entire policy of economic
legislation,
Subject to this proviso ot tho proper protection
necessary to our Industrial well-being- at home, the
Ptlnciple of reciprocity must command our heany
supjioil. Tho phenomenal growth pf our export
trade emphasizes tho urgency of the need for wider
matkelH and for a liberal policy lu dealing- with foi
'Ign nations. Whatever is merely petty nud x"e.a
ilous in the way of trade tcstrlclloiis. should bi
molded, Tho customers to whom we dispone of our
surplus products In tho long- tun, directly or Indirect
ly, purchase thoio sutplus products by gixing us
something in latum. Their ability to purchase our
pioducts should, as far as possible, be. secured, by so
arranging- our tariff as to enable, us to tako from
them thoso products, which wo cuu usn without hmni
in our own Industries and labor, or the use of whl.h
will be of marked benefit to us.
It Is moet Important that m should maintain thr
hlgh level of our present prosperity. Wo haxe now
reached tlte point in tho development of our :ntirc"ts
whero wc are not only able to supply our own mm
kets but to produce a constantly growing surplus t'oi
which we must find markets abroad. To weciue thc-e
markets we can utilize existing duties lu am- ci-e
where they aro no longer needed for the put pose of
inotactlon, or lu any caHO whoro the article is not
produced hero and the duty Is no longer necessary for
revenue, as giving us something to offer in e-ichaiitu
for what wo ask. Tho cordial relations with other
nations which are so desirable will naturally be pin
looted by tho courso thus irnulred by our own
Intel est s.
Tho natural lino of development (or a, policy of
reciprocity will bo in connection with those of out
productions which no longer require nil of the sup
port onco needed to establish them upon ii sound
basis, and with thoso others whero either becnusr of
natural or of economln causes we tin- be.xond the
rea oh of successful competition,
I ask tho attention of tho scnnle to the ie,
ptecliy ucatlcs laid before it by my prcdecsjoi
Tor n
Merchant Ma line,
The condition of Hn AuieiKiiii
merchant marine is sin. it as in
cull ror Immediate remedial ae.
lion hy congress. II Is discreditable to in. as a naiion
tliHt our merchant marina should be utterly Inslgnlfi
cant lu comparison to that of other nations wbl'-n
we overtop In oilier forms of business, We should
pot lunger submit to conditio!, under which nnl a
iriHing pot (Ion of our great commerce Is carded m
our own Mtli8. To icmedy this state of things would
not meiely uervc to build up our .-shipping luloiesi
but it would also result in biiellt to all who ate In
teiested In tlvi permanent establishment of a wilet
matkel foi American pioddcts, and would preixlde an
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