!HWWB WW
THE SCRANTON TRIBUNE-THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1900.
I
GENESIS OF THE
PARTY PLATFORM
AMERICAN POLITICAL HISTOBY
CAREFULLY CONDENSED.
In tbo Early Days tho Candidate
."Was His Own Platform, but in
Course of Tlmo Formal Declara
tions of Forty Follcy Grew Into
Vogue Summary of tbo Platforms
of tbo Leading Parties from tbe
Earliost Time.
From the Indianapolis Press
A political platform Is supposed to
bo constructed for tho purpose of ex
pressing tho vlows of party loaders o..
certain economic principles, us related
to constitutional government, and to
represent tho attitude of tho party on
current questions of public policy de
manding Immediate consideration. The
form nnd method of It are peculiar to
the politics of tho United States. In
tho early history of the government,
tho candidates were accepted as rep
resenting dellnlto principles, so that
no public or written declaration was
required. In tho course of forty year,
however, party lines became more
gravitated to one party or tho other,
influenced by association, education,
heredity, sectional or personal Inter
est. The study of party platforms
adopted for the past seventy years Is
interesting, not only as tho oxpres
elon of honest differences of political
belief, but also as examples of petti
fogging and misleading statement for
partisan advantage.
Dividing Lines.
At tho very beginning, there was
division of sentiment on fundamental
principles Involved In tho constitu
tional organization of the government,
nnd on some of these principles tho
division has continued to the present
time. For exumple, Washington und
Hamilton favored a strong central
government, expressed In tho Word
"Nation," with a big "N." In their
Judgment, tho constitution authorized
and sustained such a government.
Jefferson nnd Madison, on the other
hand, regarded the system as u union
of sovereign states, bound together In
a compact, which, according to the
views of many of their followers,
might be broken at tho pleasure of a
state. Tho Federalist, tho "Whig and
tho Republican parties successively
maintained tho views of "Washington:
while the first Republican, party and
its successor, the Democratic party,
supported tho staterlghts view of Jef
ferson. Tho latter was exhibited In
opposing the recommendation of Ham
ilton, that the general government
should assume tho debts and reim
burse tho several states for their ex
penditures incurred on account of th
revolution. It cropped out in partisan
platforms many years later. In reso
lutions opposing the distribution
among the slates of the proceeds of
sales of government lands; In oppo
sition to all internal improvements
undertaken by tho United States; In
advocating the right of a slave-holder
to take his slaves Into a territory of
the United States and hold them
thero with a view to establishing the
"institution" In territories before their
admission as states; In the persistent
opposition to a national bank and to
tho establishment of a national cur
rency. 'And. again, a dozen years nfter
the Civil war, the Democratic party
adopted In Its national platform u
resolution to remove the ten per cent,
prohibitive tax on the issues of state
banks, so as to enable them to pro
vide tho currency Instead of leaving
to tho national government the solo
responsibility of issuing and regulat
ing the circulating medium. The moat
ultra latter-day pronouncement of tho
doctrine of tho paramount rights of a
state is found in the Democratic plat
form of 1S68, adopted by the first na
tional convention held alter the Civil
war In denouncing the reconstruction
acts as usurpations, revolutionary and
oid.
As to Protection.
Another difference that may be re
garded fundamental is observed in tho
attitude of tho two leading political
parties on tho iueslon of protective
tariff. There was at the beginning,
practically no difference as to the
best method of raising revenue, and It
ran not until 1SJ4 that the discussions
In congress gave considerable promi
nence to tho protective idea: and In
that contest Clay und Webster stood
opposed to each other. The former
kftwnjr champion of protection. Four
ears later Webster was found In line,
supporting a bill for more adequate
protection, anil gave as tbe chief rea
son for his change of mind the fact
that protection harmonized with the
interests of his section. This view of
localizing the tariff as an issue cost
General Hancock tho presidency fifty
years later. Democratic platforms al
most uniformly opposed the protective
feature of tariff, while Whig and Re
publican platforms uniformly support
ed it. And the country has been
treated to high or low tariff laws ac
cording to tho view of the party enact
ing them. The question has cut n flg-
giHiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiBiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiu
I An Indian
finds complete satisfaction in the Tom Tom as a musical in
strument To the ears of an enlightened person the sounds pro
duced are harsh and discordant Simply n case of a difference in
musical development. Likewise in the selection of a piano. To
some purchasers a piano is a piano, but there are others who ap
preciate merit. To those we would say that there are no better
pianos on the mantet than the
1842
plAftlQs 1
WONDERFUL In exquisite Tone. WONDERFUL In singing quality.
WONDERFUL In durability. WONDERFUL In general exrellence. H
They are WONDERFUL in the success and position they have 5
attained solely on their merits and their superiority is acknowl- E
edged from ocean to ocean.
An Immense Stock in Great Varioty of Natural Wood Cases 5
Always on Hand. 2
We Guarantee them to be as Represented in Every Respect. 5
Pianos of other makes at prices to suit the most economical. jjf
I GEORGE W. Pli, 138 WYOMING AVENUE I
g Fine Tuning a Specialty. a
Fine Tuning a Specialty, Sheet Music and Musical Merchandise. 5
g Open Evonings. S
SlllllIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIlllllllllinillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllUhT.
uro in the election of more than one
president. Pennsylvania gave her
electoral voto to Buchanan in 1856 un
der tho Impression that ho would fa
vor protection In accordance with his
known views; but ho failed to do so.
Tho remark of General Hancock, that
the "tariff Is a local qutstlon," while
literally true, was turned against him
with such force and skill, during tho
last three weeks of tho canvass as to
secure his defeat. The free trade mes
sage of President Cleveland In Decem
br, 1SS7, elected General Harrison in
tho following year; nnd strangely
enough, the McKlnley protective tariff
bill of 1S00 defeated Its author tho same
year, and was a potent factor in the
defeat of Harrison and tho second
election of Cleveland In 1802. On tho
other hand, tho low-tariff Wilson bill
of 1891 carried tho congressional elec
tions of that year and helped to elect
McKlnley in 1896. What influence the
DIngley tariff will have in the election
this year Is a problem; but tho fact
Is clear that the adroit and tactful pre
sentation of tho question of protec
tion or tnrlff-for-revenue-only at op
portune times has carried national
elections several times. It proves that
the peopls arc open to seasonable ar
gument, nnd every campaign Is more
or less a campaign of education-
learning and unlearning.
Made to Catch Votes.
Generally partisan platforms arc
made to catch votes, rather than to
express real views, und the genius of
platform architects Is exhausted in tno
endeavor to so adapt their declara
tions to the sentiment nnd self-inter
est of the Intelligent, nnd tho preju
dice and vanity of the unthinking, as
to win a majority of all. Platforms
nre variable and accommodating on
mo3t subjects. In 1SC0 the Demo
crats demanded the acquisition of
Cuba by the United States; in 1900
they denounce the government of the
United States for dallying In Cuba in
stead of giving the Island self-government.
In 1876 the Democrnts denounc
ed tlie Republican administration for
not accumulating a surplus to redeem
the greenbacks, and for delaying so
long the promise of redemption printed
on the face of the notes; In 1S84 they
denounced tho Republicans for having
accumulated a surplus. In 1876 the
Democratic platfrom denounced the
Republicans for hindering a return to
specie payments, although the Sher
man bill providing for such return had
been passed the previous year. In 1901
the Democratic platform denounces
recent Republican legislation looking
to retirement of the greenback cur
rency, whereas the platform of '76 de
nounced the fnllure to retire it. On
the other hand the Republican plat
form of 1SSS declared in favor of bi
metallism and denounced the Demo
crats for trying to demonetize sllvei
although demonetization had -been ef
fected by the Republicans themselves
a dozen years before;" but the Republi
can platform of 1S96 declared in favor
of the gold standard.
Passed in Review.
The custom of adopting a party plat
form as the textbook of a national
canvass for tho presidency was not
inngurated until 1S32, when Jackson
mad- his second race, although a con
vention of the Anti-Masonic party was
held at Philadelphia In 1S30, 'which
adopted a strlcs of resolutions on the
single Idea.
The National Republicans .held a
convention at Washington in May, 1S32.
and adopted a platform of three
planks: (1) Adequate protection to
American industry; (2) n uniform sys
tem of Internal Improvements, support
ed by the general government; (3)
characterizing as gross abuse of pow
er the indiscriminate removal of pub
lic olHc'rs for a mere difference of
political opinion, and the doctrine "to
tho victor.-! belong the spoils if tho
enemy," as detrimental to the inter
ests, corrupting to the morals and
dangerous to the liberties of the coun
try. In March of the same year the Dem
ocrats in convention adopted tho "two
thirds rule," to apply to tho nomina
tion of Van Buron for vice president
a rule that has beei observed ever
since In the nomination of candidates
for president. Tho platfrom of that
year wus embodied in Jackson.
1835-0.
The Whig party, composed of the
Anti-Masons, the National Republi
cans and some dissatisfied Democrats,
was organized In 1S33, and held a na
tional convention In 1R36. The resolu
tions adopted consisted entirely of de
nunciation of Martin Van Huren and
praise of William Henry Harrison.
The regular Democratic party adopt
ed no platform, but the I.ocofocos, a
faction of the party that split from
the main organization In Tammany
llnll the previous year, Indorsed flu
Declaration of Independence.expressed
hostility to bank notes and paper
money as a circulating medium; hos
tility to all monopolies by legislation,
because they violate tho equal rights
of the peoplo; hostility to the creation
of vested rights; nlllrmlng tho 'right to
alter or repeal any act of Incorpora
tion or charter granting u vested
right.
1840.
The Democrats, In convention at
Baltimore, declared that the federal
government Is one of limited powers,
1900
derived from the constitution, and tho
grants of power should be strictly
constructed; declared against carrying
on Internal Improvements by tho gov
ernment; against protective tariff, fos
tering one Industry to tho detriment
of another; against Interference by
conffrcss with domestic Institutions of
a state; against the deposit of gov
ernment money In banking institu
tions. The "Whigs adopted no plat
form. Tho Abolitionists llrst appeared,
organized as a distinct party.
1844.
Tho Whig platform advocated a
well-regulated national currency; a
discriminating tariff for raising reve
nue for the government and protect
ing tho domestic labor of tho country;
distribution among tho states of the
proceeds of public land sales; a single
term for the president.
Tho Democratic platform reaffirmed
most of the articles adopted in 1S40
nnd added three resolutions opposing
the distribution of tho proceeds of
public land sales; defending the veto
power of the president, nnd declaring
unquestionable our title to Oregon and
favoring the rc-nnnexatlon of Texas.
1848.
The Democratic convention readopt
ed the platform of 1811 and some reso
lutions of 1810; felicitated the party on
the conduct of the Mexican war, and
the assurances of peace founded on
just principles of Indemnity; congratu
lated tho republic of France as an
other evidence of the capacity of tho
people for self-government; rejoiced in
the Impetus given tho cause of free
trade, by the repeal of the protective
tariff of 1842, and the creation of the
productive tariff of 18 IG.
The Whig party adopted Its platform
at a meeting to ratify the nomination
of Taylor and Filmoro. The resolu
tions were devoted entirely to re
counting tho services of thb candidate
and a trbluto to tho constitution of
tho United States.
The Free Soil party, In a convention
at Buffalo, adopted a platform In op
position to slavery extension. It de
clared that congress lias no more
power to make a slave than to make
a king; no more power to establish
slavery than to Institute monarchy;
that slavery should be excluded by act
of conirress from all territories of the
United States; thero should be no more
slave states and no more slave terri
tories; demanded freedom and estab
lished institutions for the neonle of
Oregon, now exposed to hardship, nerll
and massacre by tho hostility of the
slave power, and also for the people
of California and New Mexico. The!
convention declared for cheap postage,
for river and harbor Improvements,
free homesteads to actual settlers, the
payment of the national debt Willi
revenue derived from tariff duties.
Tho Inscription on the party's banner
was, "Free Soil, Free Speech, Free
Labor and Free Men."
1852.
The Democratic platform realTlrnied
most of the resolutions of ISIS and
added new matter on most of tho
subjects or restated th propositions,
denying the constitutional authority
of the government to charter a bank,
or to Interfere with the domestic in
stitutions of a state. It also resolved
to resist all attempts In congress or
out of It to i enow tho agitation of tho
slavevy question; to uphold tin. princi
ples expiessed In tho Virginia and
Kentucky resolutions of '38 and the
report of Madison to the Virginia leg
islature of KM, as one of the main
foundations of its political creed. It
declared the war with Mexico, upon
th principles of patriotism nnd tho
law of nations, was on our part Just
and necessary; doelarsd it to be tho
duty of tho Delnocratlc party to main
tain tho rights of every state, to re
sist monopolies, and exclusive legisla
tion for tho benefit of the few.
The "Whig convention also declared
the government of the United States
to bo of a limited character, confined
to the exercise of powers expressly
granted by the constitution; that tho
states should be held secure In their
reserved rights; the government should
hold Itself free from all entangling al
liances with foreign countries; that
we should not propagate our pplnlons
or Impose on others our form of gov
ernment but teach by example and
moderation the blessings of self gov
ernment and free Institutions. It fav
ored lmproenipnt of rivers and har
bors, and deprecated further agitation
of tho slaery question.
The Free Soil platform declared that
slavery is a sin against (!od, and a
crlmo against man, which no human
law or usage can make right, and that
t.'hrlstlanity, humanity and patriotism
demand Its abolition: that no perma
nent settlement of the slavery ques
tion can be looked to except In tho
practical recognition of the truth that
slavery Is sectional and freedom Is na
tional. 1850.
The Amorlcun party, the national ex
ponent of the local ami state "Know
nothing" lodges, adopted a platform
declaring that natlvo-born American
citizens should be selected for all na
tional, state and municipal offices; that
naturalization laws should be amended
so as to require n residence of twen'
on years an an indispensable requisite
to citizenship. ,
The Democsatlo convention again
proclaimed tho limitation of the federal
government and declared congress had
no power to charter a national bank,
to carry on internal Improvements, to
foster Industry by protective tnrlff;
defended the veto power, praised tho
Declaration of Independence, de
nounced the crusad? of tho American
against foreign-born, renewed its
declaration on tho Issue of slavery
that congress has io light to inter
fere with tho institution -and the
Democratic party would resist all at
tempts to reopen the discussion; that
it would maintain and uphold the prin
ciples of the Virgin!! resolution, that
the people of the. territories, Including
Kansas and Nebraska, have a right to
form a constitution with or without
slavery, and bo admitted to tho
Union; that the time has come for the
people of tho United States to declare
in favor of free seas and progressive
free trade throughout the world; that
we should hold sacrol tho principles
of the Monroe doctrine, nnd build an
Isthmus canal to connect the Atlantic
and Pacific.
The Republican platform afllrmed the
doctrine of the Declaration of Inde
pendence, and declared, "That tho con
stitution confers upon congress sov
ereign power over the territories of the
United States for their government,
and that In tho exercise of this power
it is both the right and the Impera
tive duty of congress to prohibit In tho
territories those twin relics of bar
barismpolygamy and slavery." This
was followed by a terriblo arraignment
of theyiatlonal administration for tho
crlmis and frauds committed in the
territory of Kansas by which the peo
pie had been deprived of their liberty,
despoiled of their rights, for presum-
HEALTH AND BEAUTY
Promptly Regained by the Use of
Peruna the Great Tonic.
"I will
who will
piife
ers nnd who have used It, speak very highly of tho recuperative qualities of
Peruna." Peruna Is a specille for pel vlo catarrh.
A free book entitled, "Health and Beauty," sent to any woman address
ing Dr. Hnrtman, Columbus, Ohio.
Ing to set up a local self-government
without flavery. and demanded the Im
mediate admission of Kansas as u free
state of the Union. It opposed tho
"Osltnd Manifesto" as the highway
man's plea, favored tho construction
of a Pacific railroad, and tho improve
ment of rivers nnd harbors.
The Whig platform deplored tho for
mation of "geographical parties" and
viewed with alarm tho spectacle pre
sented, of one party claiming to rep
resent sixteen northern slates and an
other appealing to the passions and
prejudices of the southern states; it
presented as the only remedy, Millard
Fillmore, a candidate pledged to
neither section.
I860.
The Constitutional Union party held
a convention May 9 and adopted a
platform very general In character,
recognizing only the constitution of
the country, tho union of the states
nnd the enforcement of the laws. Tho
party lived through only one campaign,
nnd supported for Its presidential
ticket John Bell, of Tennessee, and
IMwnrd Kverctt, ofi Massachusetts.
The Republican platform adopted at
Chicago May 17 denounced the threats
of disunion, maintained tho rights of
static to control their own domestic
Institutions; denounced the Demo
crat e administration for Its subser
viency to the slave power and its at
tempt to force on tho people of Kan
sas the wicked f.ecompton constitu
tion; denounced the new dogma that
the constitution by Its own force car
ries slavery into tho territories; de
nounced the vetoes of tho federal gov
ernment of the legislative acts of Kan
sas and Nebraska, prohibiting slavery
In those territories; declaring for the
Immediate admission of Kansas as a
state, under the constitution adopted
by her own people; that In providing
revenue for tho government duties on
imports should bo so adjusted as to
encourage the. development of the In
dustrial interests of the country:
favored the policy of national ex
changes w hicli secures liberal wages
to working men, remunerative prices
to farmers, adequate rewards to me
chanics and manufacture! s; that lands
should bo reserved to actual settlers;
that a Pacific railroad should be built
and the rivers und bulbars bo Im
proved. The Douglas Democratic platform re
affirmed the Democratic platform of
18M; declared that the decisions of the
Supremo f.urt should not bo accepted
on questions of constitutional law;
pledged the party to the speedy con
struction of a Pacific railroad; favored
the acquisition of the Island of Cuba
by the United States; declared that
the measure of restriction imposed by
the federal constitution on the sub
ject of domestic relations or Institu
tions In a territory must bo deter
mined by the Supreme court.
The Breckinridge Democratic party
declared that all citizens of the Unit
ed States have an equal right to sot
tl", with their property. In any terri
tory of the United Slates without hav
ing their rights or person or property
Impaired by congressional or terri
torial legislation. (This was a conten
tion for the right of slaveholders to
take their slaves Into a territory and
hold them.) That the federal govern
ment should protect the citizens mov
ing into n territory with their prop
erty; that when the people of a terri
tory, with adequate population, deslro
statehood. It should be granted,
whether the constitution prohibits or
recognizes slavery.
1804.
The Uepubllcan platform resolved to
maintain tho Integrity of the Union
and the paramount authority of the
constitution; that slavery was the
cause and strength of tho rebellion,
hostile to thd principle of Kepubllcan
government; that tho constitution
should bo umonded so as to torever
prohibit slavery within the jurisdiction
of the United States. It praised Lin
coln and tho soldiers; pledged tho
faith of thu nation for the payment
of the public debt.
The Democrats, In convention at
Chicago, declared, "as tho sense of
the American peoplo, that after four
years of failure to restore the Union
by the experiment of war Jus
tice, humanity, liberty and the public
welfare demand that Immediate ef
forts bo made for a cessation of hos
tilities, with a view to an ultimate
convention of all tho states, or other
peaceable means, to the end that at
the earliest practicable moment pence
may be restored on the basis of the
federal union of all tho states." Tho
platform also denounced federal inter
ference with elections, the "shameful
disregard" of duty by the administra
tion in respect to prisoners of war, and
expressed sympathy for the army nnd
navy.
1868.
The Uepubllcan convention that
nominated Grant for president con
gratulated tho country on tho success
of reconstruction, denounced repudia
tion us a national crime, favored the
reduction and equalization of taxes,
Improving the public credit; denounced
President Johnson for treachery, usur
pation, corruption and abuse of the
pardoning power; commended tho
spirit of magnanimity nnd forbearance
displayed by the men formerly In re
Miss Alice Calrow, 2526 Central avenue, Min
neapolis, Minn., writes:
"About a year ngo my health began to fall,
and my complexion, which up to that time,
had bcon clear and brilliant, began to grow
dull nnd rough.
"I tried several advertised remedies with no
result. I finally decided it was a tonic I need
ed, and reading of your celebrated Peruna, I
concluded to try it. The result was wonderful.
"I have taken only four bottles nrd my faco
is as smooth and cheeks as red as foimerly.
"As a tonic for the blood too ra" h cannot be
said for Peruna.
cheerfully recommend it to any
write me concerning it."
one
Miss Jonnlo Johnson, vice president Chicago
Teachers' Federation, and a teacher In the
Healey school of Chicago, writes the following
from 31S Lake Bark avenue, Chicago: "During
the past ten years I havo been a teacher In Chi
cago and, have found myself worn out and In
need of a tonic. Among the different remedies
I have tried none have helped me more than
Peruna. I find It especially helpful In cases of
catarrh of th stomnch; It restores the func
tions of nature, Induces sleep and builds up tho
entire system. It has not only been a help to
me, but several of my friends who were tench-
bellion now honestly co-operating with
tho government for pence and union;
recognlzeU the doctrine of the Declar
ation of Independent.
Tho Democrats In their convention,
July I, demanded Immediate restora
tion of all the states to their rights
in tho Union, amnesty for all past
political offenses, payment of the pub
lic debt by applying to that purpose
all moneys drawn from the people by
taxation, except what Is needed for
economical administration; that all ob
ligations of the government shall be
paid In lawful money, except such as
directly state on their face or in the
law that they must be paid in coin:
equal taxation at Its real value of
cver.v species of property; reform of
abuses In administration; equal pro
tection to native-born and naturalized
citizens, ft arraigned the "Radical
party for Its disregard of right and
for unparalleled oppression and ty
ranny." and for Its interference with
the franchise. It thanked President
Johnson, praised Chief Justice Chase
and sympathized with the working
men. The most radical declaration
was, "wo regard the reconstruction
acts of congress as usurpations and
unconstitutional, revolutionary and
A'old."
1872.
Tho Republicans adopted a platform
at Philadelphia favoring the continued
repressive measures In the states lately
In rebellion against the people, who
had not returned to their allegiance.
It declared In favor of civil service re
form, the reduction of postuge and
abolishment of tho franking privi
lege. Tho Democrats, In convention, took
a new departure, ratified the platform
adopted by the Liberal Republicans
and fused completely with the Repub
licans by Indorsing Greeley and Brown,
their prssidentliil ticket. The platform
accepted results of the war, pledged
the party to maintain the Union, In
cluding emancipation and enfranchise
ment, demanded a system of taxation
that should not Interfere with the In
dustries, while It provided revenues for
the government. Interest on the public
debt: It remitted the subject of pro
tection I free trale to tho people
In their c 'gresslonal districts, nnd the
decision 0i congress; and declared in
favor of a return to specie payments,
demanded by commc.-clul morality and
honest government.
A remnant of the Democratic party,
however, styled "Conservatives," re
fused to go over to the enemy; 600 of
them met in convention and nominated
Charles O'Cnnor, tho eloquent Irish
advocate of New York, and John
Qulney Adams, of Massachusetts, as
the presidential ticket. The platform
declared that the original basis of our
whole political structure is consent:
that all governmental powers are
trust poweis; that they had been be
trayed by a false creed, and preferred
principle to power.
1876.
The Republicans In convention felici
tated themselves on the preservation
of the Union and the pacification of
the south; favored the adjustment of
the tariff duties so as to promote the
Interests of American labor and ad
vance the prosperity of the whole
countiy; demanded the same protec
tion for adopted citizens as to native
born; equal rights for women; de
clared the constitution confers on con
gress soveielgn power over the terri
tories and demanded the extirpation
of polygamy. It arraigned tho Demo
cratic party In congress as having the
same character as when It sympa
thized with treason; with applauding
In the capital the sentiments of unre
pentant rebels; with sending Union
soldiers to the rear and promoting
Confederate soldiers: with being im
becile nn.l false on financial questions.
The- Democratic platform proposed
acquiescence in the will of the ma
jority: "In tho liberty of individual
conduct, unvexed by sumptuary laws;"
it favored a sound ruiivney to restore
tho public credit and maintain the
national honor; it denounced the fail
ure "to muko good the promise of the
legal tender notes, which are a chang
ing standard of value in the .hands
of the people, and the non-payment
of which 13 a disregard of the plighted
faith of tho nation:" it denounced tho
Improvidence which had not accumu
lated a restive for tho redemption of
the greenbacks, It denounced tho
financial inability and Immorality of
the party that had made no advance
townnl resumption of tpecle payments,
but hindered and obstructed It, and
denounced the resumption act of 1S75
as such hindrance and demanded Its
repeal. It demanded that all custom
house taxation ihall be only for reve
nue; reform In tho tcale of public ex
pense, In the waste of public lands,
In treat lex with foreign nations, In the
civil service, and especially In the
higher grides of the public servlco;
It demanded a change of system, a
change of administration, of parties,
of measures and of men,
1874.
Tho Republicans In convention again
felicitated their party on making the
paper currency equal to gold, on' the
growth of Internal Improvements, tho
Increase of foreign trade, the revival
of Industry and the Increased demand
I
JONAS LONG'S SONS, j JONAS LONG'S SONS.
Another Immense and Splendid Offering of
THE BEST THINGS TO EAT
ht lowest cash prices, of course.
Did you ever stop to think of the difference between cash
prices and credit prices of the great saving to you?
Here is a big store that buys everything for casii, and at
the very least prices made to any house in the country. A busi
ness of immense proportions, quick turn of goods, enables us
to make selling prices for about what other houses pay for goods.
Startling, but true!
The best Grocery Store in the State is at your service here;
everything in eatables and palate ticklers, all new ami fresh
this season's product.
Here is the list for todav delivered to vour door, if vou
wish;
GRANULATED SUGAR, finest II. & E.; 1(5
pounds for $1.00
ROYAL BAKING POWDER, absolutely pure;
pound can !
LYE, "Red Seal" brand ; !5 cans for IKi
BLUING, large quart bottles for 0(5
ZENOLA, large package for 10c; small package. .0,1
SALT DIAMOND CRYSTAL, large package for .10
CODFISH, absolutely boneless; 2-potmd box for. .1215
SALAD DRESSING, Columbia, large bottle for. .2:1
SARDINES, imported Charcorills; per can 12
FRENCH GAME PATES; per can 152
PINEAPPLE CHUNKS, delicious, in Hat cans
for IB
ORANGE MARMALADE, per bottle 2H
PICKLED WALNUTS, new and fine, per bottle. .27
SWEET MIDGETS, the finest, ptjr bottle 27
PICKLES, Cross & Blackwcll's best, per bottle. . .IS
PICKLES, Kent's well known brands, per bottle. . .11
COFFEE, Guadarili, finest Mocha and Java,
pound '
COFFEE, combination Java, fine flavor, pound.. .22
CHICKORY, genuine English, per pound 08
GRAPE-NUTS, a fine breakfast food, per package .14
WHEAT SHRED, better than cracker dust 09
PETTI JOHN'S BREAKFAST FOOD, two big
packages for "
PEARL SAGO, fine and clean, per package OS
COCOA, Brustcr's Caracas, per can 215
COCOA. Vienna brand, very fine ; per can 18
VINEGAR, pure cider; per gallon 1T
VI NEGAR, Ileinz's pure malpt, for pickling 2ii
M IXED SPICES, fourteen varieties; per pound. . .20
LOBSTER, the "Star" brand, flats cans for 2."
SALMON, Alaska, tall cans, very good 11
SALMON. Columbia River, flat cans for 18
V( IRCESTER SAUCE, Pride of England, large
bottle ,""; 1"
The Groceries are in the Basement occupy a lot of space
down there. That's where the International Pure Food Show is
to be held next month, beginning the IJUh. livery inch of floor
space down there will be utilized for it. Barring the exhibition in
Madison Square Garden. New York, it will be the biggoUhing
of its kind ever held in this country. , ,t ,,, .
j Jonas Long's Sods
for labor. It favored a discriminating
tariff for tno protection of American
labor; the suppression of polygamy,
the restriction of Chinese Immigration;
the Impartial execution of the laws,
and the punishment of all offenders.
The Democratic convention demand
ed home rule; honest money, consist
ing of go'd and silver, and paper con
vertible Into cuin on demand; the
strict maintenance of the public faith;
a tariff ""or icvenuo only, a reform of
the civil service and a subordination
of the military to the civil power; free
ships nnd a chance for American ships
on the seas; no discrimination in favor
of transportation lines, corporations or
monopolies.
1884.
The Republicans made tho most defi
nite declaration In favot of piotectlon
that had been made by any party up
to that time. It demanded that du
ties on foreign Imports should not be
levied not tor revenue only, but so
levied us to afford security to our
diversified industries anfl protection to
the rights and wages of the laborer,
to the cml that active, Intelligent labor,
as well as capital, may have Its just
reward and the laboring man his full
share In the national prosperity. The
platform also pledged the party to cor
rect the inequalities of the tariff, and
reduce ths surplus, protect the sheep
industry and employ efforts to unite
all commercial nations In tho estab
lishment of an International standard
fixing for -ill the relative value of gold
and silver coinage- or establish a na
tional bureau of labor; sustain the
eight-hour law. and prevent unjust
discrimination In favor of shippers; it
favored reform of the civil service, the
restoiutlon of the navy and tho sup
pression of polygamy.
The Democratic platform denounced
tho Republicans for remissness, and
.iopinrr.,1 nn tho tariff that "all un
necessary taxation is unjust taxation;"
pledged the arty to purify tho ad
ministration from corruption nnd re
store economy; to arouse respect for
law ond revise the tariff la a spirit of
fairness: to limit all taxation to tho
requirements of economical govern
ment; to lace duty on fewer articles
and muke It heaviest on luxuries; de
clared in favor of honest money gold
nnd silver coinage of the constitution
and a currency convertible Into such
money without loss; favored honest
civil service and the Declaration of In
dependence; closed the gates to the
Mongolians; congratulated tho party
on expansion by the pui chase of Louis
lann, Florida and California and ad
jacent Mexican territory.
1888.
The Republican platform declared for
home rule In Ireland; for the Ameri
can system of protection, which favors
America, and protested against Its de
struction by the Democratic party In
the Interest of Europe- pioposed to re
duce the revenue by repealing the tax
on tobacco; opposed Imported contract
labor; opposed trusts and all combin
ations of capital to control conditions
of trade; flavored the use of both gold
and silver as money and condemned
the policy of the Democratic adminis
tration In its efforts to demonetize sil
ver; demanded restoration of merchant
innrlne. I ho reduction of letter postage
I to 1 cent per ouncs, and arraigned
the weak foreign policy of tho admin
istration. Th Democratic platform commend
ed the foreign policy of thoadmlnls
tratlon, repeated the maxim regardlnr
unnecessary taxation, favored revision
of tariff and a reduction allowing for
difference between wages in the Unit
ed States nnd Europe; demanded re
form of civil servlco and reconstruc
tion of tho navy.
1802.
The Republican platform reaffirmed
tho doctrine of American protection:
demanded legislation for the protection
of railroad employes, Indorsed tho
spirit of civil servlco reform and op
posed trusts.
The Democrats denounced federal
control of elections and vehemently
denounced Kepubllcan protection as
fraud, a robbery of tho great majority
of the American peoplo for the benefit
of a few, and declared that the Fed
eral government has no constitutional
power to Impose and collect tariff du
ties, except for purposes of revenuo
only limited to the expenses of the
government, honestly and economic
ally administered; they recognized
trusts as designed to enable capital
to secure more than Its just share of
the joint product of capital and labor
a natural consequence of protective
taxes, preventing free competition,
which is the life of honest trade
whoso worst evils can be abated by
law; they denounced the Sherman act
and demanded the coinage of both gold
and silver as standard money, with
out discrimination against either met
al or charge for mintage; demanded
repeal of tho 10 per cent, tnx on statu
bank issues, tho construction of the
Nicaragua canal and protection of
railway employes.
1800.
The Republicans renewed their al
legiance to protection and reciprocity;
declared for restoration of merchant
marine; opposed debasement of tho
currency by the free coinage of sil
ver, except by International agreement
nnd declared that until such agree
ment could be effected the existing
gold standard of tho world must bo
maintained, keeping all silver and
paper currency at a parity with gold;
expressed sympathy with Cuba; de
manded the exclusion of illiterates
from foreign Immigration, and favor
ed arbitration for settling disputes be
tween capital and labor.
The Democratic platform of '96,
which was the occasion of a second
convention and the nomination of a
gold presidential ticket, recognized
"the money question as para'mount to
all others at this time;" called atten
tion to the fact thut silver and gold
were named together In tho constitu
tion; that the act of 73 demonetizing
sliver was without tho knowledge of
approval of tho American people, and
demanded tho free and unlimited coin
age of both silver and goUH at the
present legal ratio of 10 to 1, without
waiting for the aid or consent of any
ol her nation. Tho platform opposed
tho issue of bonds In times of peuce,
favored a tariff for revenue only, an
Income tax, the admission of Arizona
and New Mexico as states; it de
nounced federal Interference In local
Continued oa l'agc 9.J
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