THE' SCRANTON TRIBUNE- SATURDAY. DECEMBER 24, 1898. (5e ctanfon ri6une J'ublimied Dolly, Rcept Sundiiv, by lha Tribune Ftibllsrilus Company, nt Urty Cent n, Month. Jew YorkOlllce- lftONim.m St., s.H. viii:niANt dole Atjent for 1 orolgu Adoilllii; inti-red ATTiin rosTorrtci? at srnANTOx, PA., AS M.ONIVCl.ASS MAIL MATTKIt. TWELVE PAGES. SCRANTON. nnCUMUnit 24, IMS. It H plonslriR to contemplate Unit tlio United Stntert l ie!oii"lldo for tlio fnct that then- H more pence on euith this Chi litmus tlisiti a yeur iiko. The Bond Ordinance. If tlio new bond ordinance U ub- mltted to the people In the form im last amended by common council It 1h rouble that some of the Item- of proposed expenditure may be nppioved. A good deal will depend upon the hnracter of the men nominated by the two parties for mayor and rotitrol Jsr. If those command public confi dence for Intern lty, firmness and the ability to administer the affalm of the city economically, nn Incieme of In debtedness rnlsllt be ieued as a ncc essaiy prellmlridiy to ninth needed public lmpi eminent". If, on the other hand, weak or iiuestlimalilt' men are nominated on either side, the deslte oC u majority of citizens will piob.ibly be to take no elia i hance. The problem is nlmot wholly one of con fidence In the prospective municipal administration. Confidence Is notor iously lacking nt present. It will need to be Kreatly stimulated before a ma jority will vote for an Ineieaso of the nlready npp.illnp burden of locul taxa tion. The time for Spain to "move on," so far as this continent Is concerned, H almost lieic. Coming1 to the Point. An cxccedlnRly sensible sugKCstlon Js that of General O. O. Howaid, that the president be empowered to letall to active service all rethed nimy olll rern in time of war. Had such discre tion been vested in the executive at the outbreak of the war with Spain, theio would hae been fewer appointments of Inexpeiienced civilians to staff positions and a decidedly more soldierly aspect to camp life and woik. His other sutjuestlon that a. collet should be established for the special education of a general Maff, with en trance nnd promotion guided largely by examination as to fitness, Is equally to the point. The war investigation has evolved a tremendous lot of personal testimony mainly of the mutative ol der, but It lias bv no mean been as fruitful In practical Information for future guidance as was fairly to be ex pected in view of the ciitlelsnib le cently so plentiful throughout the rountrj. Take the evidence of Roose velt, Howard and Miles, concerning our milltaiy past, ptesent and futuie, and j on have about all there Is of piac tlcal value irr tills long and patient quejt for public enlightenment. AVhat is past is past. It cannot be lecallcd. The objective point of this Inquiry should ) to safeguard the future. A military government for the bene fit of the governed Is evidently a novelty In Cuba, but the results at Santiago Indicate that it will grow In native favor. Advico fiom the Plains. To men gifted with a sense of humor tlrere is no crisis so seiious a3 to lack some i,iy of the ludicrous. One grrat tailing of the Latin ince, one of tilt traits which Is going great ly to complicate our work In construct ing stable government In the islands taken from Spain, is the fact that the Latin cannot, as a rule, see the humor in things. An incident Is rrntrntfd by Charles M. I'cpper, the newspaper ccnetpondent, widen illustiatos this poir.t and exhibits tho n.uiral con trast between tho Latin and the Amer ican. Sir. rcrper, a learned Cuban lawyer and a western eaUlcman were In Ha vana, discussing the political future of Cuba, Wo give the icport of tlio con versation in the former's own worda: "Like all others, the lawyer hid his theory of the Lntln race In tlm tem perate zones and In the tionles. it war. not a bad theory. He thought the Latin civilization was beter adapted for the tropics than was that of the folks who start the missionary out in to the heathen lair 1 , where tiny eee trade and flank him with a jug of run. and u Catling gun. When It came to Cuba his views wru tolerably dear The Latin mee must prevail, hat its supremacy must be through tho guid ance of the United States. It is an ex citable i ate. The blood mounts to rts head quickly. Tin ir conies the period of culm, when It si es tho folly of gn. ting excited bo ensllv. The United States must moderate these transports of anger or of folly; cool Its blood and not let It dash Its head Into a cactus fence too often. Then, with the Amer ican nation sitting on the safety valve, the Latin race may woik out the futuie government of Cuba. The phi iseoloq." in which is opinions weio clothed were inoro otnate than I huvv given, but tiro Idea vvas tlio same. Tho west ern cattleman giaeped It. Wl en u pause In the talk finally came and he was appealed to for his opinion v gave it. with incisive deliberation. 'You Lallns.' he said, 'want tho LTnlted States to keep putting ice on your 'read every timo ou Hush up. We can t do It. That would bother us and w m'.dn't do any real good. Tho way for ou Latins to keep our blood cool Is to put your feet In cold water.' " It Is not stated whether the Cuban saw tho point; being a Latin, piobibly ho didn't; but tire fnct remains that tho cattleman, with his quick sense of humor, revealed the heart of tlw prob lem Tho Latin character must be worked ovei und alloyed with sumo stiff Yankee ballast before It run be trusted absolutely to cxoennient with democratic government. Tho rloslns of tho polls on election day In the United Btutes restores ovorjbody to food hunioi; vii tnm nnd anqutshcid cease to snort nnd howl nnd become again peaceful nnd loynl citizens. That Is the quality which the Latins lack; that It the qunilty which must be sup plied ere a Latin republic In Cuba can be a safe next door neighbor. Complaint Is expressed nt the pecu liar HUb-divIslon of ntithorlty In tho police department which removes Jur isdiction over burglar les nnd other serious cilmes from the nctlng chief and hands It over to the embrjo de tective bureau. A lgllnitl nnd cfu clent detective bureau Is not nn Im possibility, but as things have been going of late thoie ate many citizens who would prefer to take their chances of protettlun under the regular police tone, with the detective annex held subordinate to the proper and natural head of the dep.iltment. The Regular Army. It would appear from tho attitude taken by the Demociatlc minority on the house committee on military nffulis that a portion of the tountiy either did not learn any leHm from the war with Spain or that the lesson bus already been forgotten. In that war, thanks to our superior navy, we were successful In spite of the infeilorll In numbers of our regnliit rnilltnty equipment. The navy ut the very beginning gave us command of the peas, and the regular troops under Shaft er completed tho navy's work. In this Instance It so hap pened tint a small navy nnd a small tegular aimy weio sulllflent to give us a swift and uubioken victory, with results of stupendous magnitude and importance. We do not refer to the volunteers in tills connection because, however anxious they were to fight, cir cumstances kept the giiut majority of them from having any fighting to do. Thefewvohinteersvvhodldget a chance to light fought well, everything con sldeied; but It was the legulars who bore the biunt of the battle lino and won tho decisive victory. Hvery sensible mnrr knows that war is alwujs a possibility. The reputable merchunt Insures his merchandise against lire, not because he expects a fire or wants a file but because ho Knows tlrat n fire Is a possibility which it is simple piudence continuously to guaid against, ror the same leaon we bar our doors at night, not because we want burglars to come or believe in the ethics of burglary but because we know that burglary is a contingency to be kept Irr mind, A tegular aimy and navy is a nation's Insurance both against the occurrence of war (that is to s.iy, it helps to waid war off) and apalnst tlio frightful losses to property and lire which would result if, wnr be ing suddenly necessary, it should have to be waged without adequate prepara tion. We whipped Spain and did In calculable good to humanity with n bagatelle of an arm.v and navy, but if instead of Spain our antagonist had been England, Fiance, flermany, Kussia, or even Italy, then we should have found out how desirable Is a reg ular army organUed on a modern basis and representing at least one trained soldier to every thousand of our popu lation. The proposition of the Democratic minority 1 tlrat the tegular army shall not be Increased permanently bejond the limit of 20,000 men, or one tegular soldier to evety 2,000 civilians. This is about the telative strength of the pres ent police force of Scianton, a force admittedly insufficient effectively tn patrol even a compactly populated area. A national icgular aimy based on tiro stiength of the police foice of Scranton and distributed throughout the statey and territories, even though not a regular were sent to any or the new dependencies, would bo little mmo than a nominal army, the attenuation of which would pi event eftectlve an nual manoeuvres, render impossible the assemblage for mass diills or brigades, divisions or coips, and in case of a sudden outbie.tk in one of tire newly acquired islands beyond the power of tlio resident volunteer force to quell, would preclude the swift dispatch of re-inforoements in ndequate numbers nnd thus bo responsible perhaps for np palling disaster. Nor is the Democratic proposition of a volunteer army of occupation In the new dependencies any tire less object ionable. Of the volunteers now in ser vice only a fraction would offer to re enlist. This fraction would be made up of tire younger, more ndventureous, possibly more turbulent class: a class requiring in a new country rigid nnd effective discipline, both for its own sake nnd for the sake of the success of American military government. If these men were recruited Into the regu lar nimj, alongside seasoned tioops they would won become the equal of the veterans In soldleillness and dlsclp line, but organized temporal II) into regiments of their own, with new offi cers, away from home and without ntiy ballast from the regular wing of the service, it would be exceedingly prob lematlcal whether they would become first-class noldlers or a chionlc source of annojance and dlstur bailees. Tlio United States does not need a standing aimy on tire European basis, as u buttiesttfor decaying monorchism; but It needs one laige enough and good enough to cope with probable emer genck's whether from Hot within or menace without, und for such an in suianco of the greatest notion on catth tho 20,000 limit is foolishly nauovv. The uneasy man who has exhausted every other foolish theory ran now be come an untl-lmpeilnllst. An American Lake. One jealous fotelgn critic, noting the trend of tlio Spanlsh-Amerlcun war, re cently w ainecl tho Kuropean powers that if thev didn't watch out, the up start Amerlcnns would grab nil the Btrateglc points In the I'aclllc ocean and convert that great theater of the world's future eomemreo Into a "Yan kee lake." The warnlnc Is recalled by tho an nouncement that tho navy department has evolved and vv III soon begin to cxe cuto an elaborate plan to establish naval stations In Hawaii, tho IjUdrones and nt Pago Pago, thus Insuring nn unbroken line of communication be- tvvcen Snn Francisco nnd Manila, and giving ttsi in a certnln sense command of the commerce of tho North Pacific. The completion of this plan will mean that In future our merchant nnd wnr ships will not be at tho mercy of for eigners but enn find easy asylum In nny pait of the world's greatest ocean under conditions which will assure their protection nnd fair treatment. Tho navy department Is quick to two the Importance of such a condition of affairs. It knows, If some of our dis tinguished citizens don't, that the only way for a nation to grow In power, wealth and safety Is to take Intelli gent advantage of Its opportunities. It realizes the plight that Dewov would have been In had ho lost the naval battle at Manila or been forced by oth er circumstances to seek a port of tc fuse. It is determined to profit by the lessons of recent history and to lay the foundations brond nnd deep for future American secutltv nnd supremacy in the great western ocean. The sentence of court generally de termlncH whether one has been guilty of stealing or N afflicted with the dls ease called kleptomania. Our Shipping Loss Illustrated. We hear much of late about our fu v oi able balance of trade, but theie Is nn adverse balance of transportation about which nothing is said. It may be illustrated by the teturns for Octo ber, as follows: ltnpoits fur tho mouth $ 32.S7I..DI American carrlugo of imports, at 5''-' per cent 3 100,352 l'orelgn carrl me of Imposts ... .$ 41.173,01,2 import curilage nt Scb ot valuation Ameilcan carrlugo $ liTU.OlO Z'slfc foreign cairiage t 131 C17 Total import enirlapo ... $l,"13,0Tu i:ports for the month JUS.GSG.M! Amcrliun c.iirlago of exports at t Li percent 7,370.410 Toiilgn carriage of exports .... $111 31i 817 Kxpott enrriago nt 11 per cent, of valu ation American cnnlaao $ 1,031 Ki ti 21 I'orelgn carriage 15 IS!,!! 11 Total esport cnrilige S10.C1G 07J Total Import cuirlngo l,713,C7t Total carrhgo Jil.W.Tl?- 12 lf Total foreign carriage ..$jo,ii?,ll Total American carriage.. l,3in,!X)7 6 14 AcKeiso bilnnco of cir- rlage $tS.707,rJI Uxpoits for month Sm.5S;,732 linpci ts for tho month r,2.37ini Tavorablo b-ilinco of "trade"... . Ci5.31Jf.sS civersc balance of transporta tion lMm r.ivoinble balance nf Commerce 3 47,101 101 If we inrlude the transuctlon3 In specie, our balnii"e of commerce will bo ns fol lows: Uxcess of lmpotts of gold TU 017 432 Excess of exports of silver 1 ns0,(30 Net Imports of specie . .. Adverse balance of carriage Offset to balance of trade Favorable balance of trade , Offset as abovo 12, 007,402 lfc.707,'j; ...V31.673.S3rt ... G312."3S ... 31,673,?3! Net balance of Commerce J31 C30.70J Thus we see that over 2? per cent, of the gieat appaicnt balance of trade Is cancelled by nn adveise balance of transportation: nnd that our apparent favorable balance of commerce li In eonslderable pait paid already with specie. If, now, we had shipping of our own, and a favorable balance of trans portation, like all the other mailtlme nations of consequence, the chances of our becoming a "creditor nation" would be vastly increased. In luiope no na tion is so badly off as to have, annually, a balance of ocean transportation against it. riven Turkc) does Its own pioper shaio of caujlng in Its own commerce. It is left to the Oieat Re public to waste Its wealth In the hire of fotelgn shipping. In the vvnke of whiskey trusts, beer trusts, etc., clinics the announcement that a big h)ndicate has corneied glars bottles. Steadily and surely the com bine octopus is extending Its tentacles towuids the humble can that Is utilized by the modest citizen who ?eeks re laxation In closer acciuaintance w itli the "grow lei " After experience In front of smoke less powder nt Santiago, It Is not likely that Cenetal Joe "Wheeler will letre-U before the variety used by objector Bailey. A blizzaul ttust is evidently forming. NEWS AND COMMENT At the New Ihigland dinner in Ne York tho other night Cioveiuur-clrct lloosovelt offo cd borne timely thouhts upon tho subject of expansion. Said ! ; "I hive scant s)mpathy with that mock humunltarlanlsm which is alien to the f-plrlt of true religion, to the spirit of true civilization, which would pievent tl o great order-loving, liberty-loving nations tiom doing their duty in tho earth's waste places because theio Is a need of some rough surgery at the outset. Thank heave i that we, who weio denied a part of that struggle (tho greatest struggle lor righteousness tills world has known) of the tlmo of our fathers lme had the chance to bco a t-tiuggle In which our in tlon Is taking part In the world move ment going on around us. Of court o It Is partly In our own Interest. It Is a good thing to havo Interests outside our own bolder. It Is a good thing that wo must look outward. It Is n good thing that wo must consldei something be) one! ex poits nnd Imports. It is n good thing that wo should havo bi ought before us that )our ancestors owed their greatness to tho fact that whilo they paid heed to their own greatness they remembered that material greatness comes second to righteousness. 1 Dm glad wo havo been tho American army and tho American navy drive the Spaniard fiom tho west ern woild I am glad for our own sake, but mme glnd bteauso they fought to free tho peoplo of thoso Islands nnd mnke their lot better 1 have told )OU why I am glad. Now, a word as to why I am an xious. Wo havo driven out tho Span iards, nnd It vvas not for us a very se rious tatk. Now we approach tho really serious tntk Now wo nro to prove that wo enn do well what the Spanish did so badly. Wo bine assumed a heavy bur den and n heavy responsibility. Woo to us If wo do not Immensely Improve It I havo no sympathy with the man who cries out against our assuming the bur den. If this great nation contemplating tho vnslness of Its domain, Its history, the memory of Its soldiers nnd sailors, of Us statesmen, commonwealth builders and commonwealth wielders is afiald and stands back cowardly before this task, wo may well believe the decadence of our race has becun, The task Is difficult, but all tho more let us gird our loins to do It well. Let us approach it riot In u spirit of levity nor In a spirit of sentl montHllty (nor saying 'universal sum age must bo given to the people of tho Phil ippines, although they nro not fit for It'). Wo have got to show our prnctlcnl com mon scne, and tho fervent religious spirit characteristic of tho rnnjorltv of tho Pirl. tuns. If nny ono of thoso lrlamls Is not tit for sclf.gov eminent, then we rurr't govern It according to tho principles of a New Unclnnd town meeting, then we must find out tho principles according to which we cun govern It and apply those." If wo may believe the Hulletln, pros, pcrlty hns struck Philadelphia like a tidal wave. Tint Journnl pn): "In tho post lcht months It Is estlmntccl Unit tho profits mndo In stocks nnd bonds In this country amounted to nearly two bil lions of dollars, Some Idea of the great nppreclntlon of values may bo gathered from tho stntement that tlio advanco In the Issuo of Pennsylvania imlrouct stock nlone vvas over jlJ.OOOOOO In tho period named. Speculators nnd Investors have never had such a )car. Uverythlng seemed to expand and grow In value un der the dignified stand assumed by the United States before the world as a power that must bo reckoned with. All records were broken oir tho stock market, nnd American securities generally devel oped a strength that has placed them prominently In tho foremost inng of gilt edged investments. Tho v alumo of busi ness done by tho slock brokers hns ex ceeded an) thing heretofore chronicled, and even ut this time, with tho holiday season almost ut our door, they are doing a greater business than ev er. During the past week one stockholder In this city cleared an high as 63 00J shares through his office In a single dav on commission. All admit that the) have never seen any thing like it " An American woman who lecentlv vis ited Spain writes' "On arriving In .Madrid wo expected to see some slijns of depres sion and mourning as the lesult of tho Spanish defeat, but the SiTanlsh people generally speaking seemed to bo qulto un conscious of the conlllct that cost them so much. I laces ot amusement are crowded; tho people reern to be happ) ; the) nro well dressed, there nre few beg gars, and, bad ono not to pay a small sinehargo on rallwa) and umuscment tlektts on account of tho war. It would be dlnlcult to know from e (deuces hero that It ever had tnken place. Tho theaters are well attended, and at those places of amusement 1 observed no outwaTel evi dence that the peoplo are groaning under a national misfortune I have concluded that the apathy ot tho Spanish people In the piesent crisis Is due to lgnoiance About 60 per cent, ot tho people cannot read nor write. Small wonder, then, that they regard, the wai as a sort ot far-off stor a story that only remotely nflecls them IScsldes, mjn) of the facts known to tho world generally have been kept out of tho Spanish p ipers, a censor hav ing been appointed to revise them before publication. Thus In the whole of Spiln only tho comparative!) few peorio who read Unglish nnd Trench papers are lire lv to know tho whole truth about the Spanlsh-Amerlcnn wni " She adds- "It his been pleasing to us to observe the kindly feeling theie Is for the Americans The letnrned soldiers hive nothing but good to say of the w.iv In which they have been treated bv their conquerors ' TOLD BY THE STARS. Dally Horoscope Drawn by AJacchua, The Tribune Astrologer. Astrolabe Cast: 12 01 a m , for Saturday, December 24, 1M. !$!" $ a3i A child born on this day will v.lsh that he had stockings a yard long. The man who thinks his thoughts Is more apt to bo popular than the one who speaks them Tho Individual who can be happy on prospects nlwiDs makes the best candi date for ma) or. It takes mmo than a giccn Christmas to m ike a fat grave) aid. A Song of Christmas. At glid C'hrHtm.istldo tho maiden of (Junm. Tar awav from the hllzuds and snow. Sports In tropical bower 'neath the shel tering palm hero the m mgo and pineapples glow. In displuming hei chaims by no gurinc its concealed, This primeval maid fiee from guilo Will astonish old Santa, as they aic tc veakd And she stocklngless hangs up n, smile' hl'I.UNDlU AS'.ORTMKXr OF HOLIDAY . . BOOKS Booklets, Calendars, Cards, Diaries: EEIMMAH'S IIOMIlVY I100IC broitrc, U03 WASHINGTON AVKNl'li llclow Tillmiio Olllce. Holiday Goods o o o Bat are gmi all tk year arotml G. W. Fritz has the best and largest assortment in his line. All suitable for presents. Among them will be found the follow ing: Harness 6 to $250. Fur Robes 5 to $50. Plush Robes $2 to $65. Sleigh Bells 55c to $1.50. Trunks 1.25 to $40. Traveling Bags. . . .40c to $50. Shopping Bags.... 75c to $12. Chatelaine Bdgs...2sc to S13. Dress Suit Cases. 1.0 5 to $25. Telescopes 25c to 10. Ladles' and Gent's Traveling Cases, Mani cure Sets, Writing Cases, Music Rolls, Cuff and Col lar Boxes, Pocketbooks, Card Cases, Purses and a host of useful and orna mental goods too numer ous to mention. GOLftSMITffS A Great Batch it For Christ Prices Halved aedl Quartered All" gtC Ind3an Worlc Hatch Safes, Pin Cushions and Match Pockets, Hand ilL. 3)vV yiirrorSf Card Trays, Hairpin Boxes, Glove and Handkerchief Sets, Glass Pepper and Salts, Etc., Etc. Alh TlrTncT s31ver and China Pin Trays, Silver IVlugs, Celluloid Novelties -IL UvSJv sijver-Top vaseline Jars, Easel Mirrors, Etc., Etc. Alt ITgiT Cut Glass and Silver Inkstands, Venetian Vases, Glove Boxes, tWL 11 tS) Handkerchief Boxes, Necktie Cases, Etc., Etc. A-jj- grv Cigar Jars, Smoking Sets, Silver and Bronze Ink Wells, fletal--IL g) jc pj Boxes, Celluloid Novelties, Bon Bonneire Boxes, Chil dren's Silver Sets of Knife, Fork, Spoon and Mug in Boxes, and a great line of medallions. These are bargains rare and ripe ; handy to get; at flain Floor; near front door; ftS AIYAYS BUSY cepSsre'SSi' . Iristmas Is Coming Se Is Saita Claws His little friends, and big ones too, will be happy in our shoes. lewis, EeiMy & lavies, 111 AND 110 WYOMING AVKNUTi When Ye Are M looking around for your Christmas Gifts 0000 remember our stock of Fine China, Cut Glass, Brie a Brae, Dinner, Tea, and Toilet Sets. TIE CLEIONS, FEEEEE, O'MAIXEY CO. 4 22 LucVavranna ATenu THE MODERN HARDWARE STORE, riXTUKKs rou TIIK JI.VTH ROOM Nickel-Mated Soap Cups, Sponge Cases We have a nice line of the above goods. FOOTE & SiEAM Ca 110 WASHINGTON AVU - WOLF & WENZEL, 2 10 A (In mi Ave , Opp. Court Home. Eola AconU (or Hlclurdioii-Boyatou' Furnace arid Hangs. Flyers us Gift B For Christmas Hill & Connell, 0 121 Washington Avenue, llavaan uniminl luige iwBorttncnt of Chairs and Rockers S's'rfrtron Ladies' Desks ,nilthewoodI Parlor Cabinets and Music Cabinets In Mahogany and Vernls-Martln, A FKW CHOICE Pieces of Bric-a-Brac, Tabourettes, a large selection : Tables, in endless variety. Hill Connell 321 Washington Ave. Calendars, frayer Books, is, Stanfe leather Carol Cases, Fountain Pens aM a ianisome Assortment (Of 1899 Blaries, In fancy bindings, suit able for Christmas Gifts. All holiday books at cost. ReyeoldsBro STATIONERS atid ENGRAVERS, THE & coHHEii ca Heating, Plumbing, Gas Fitting, Electric Light Wiring, Gas and Electric Fixtures, BuildersliHardvvare.- BAZAAR. lyers ffllE: Holiday Aeooiuiinice meet . We are prepared t show a finer assorted stock of than on any previous occasion. We make special mention of the following lines, viz. Real Lace Handker chiefs, Scarfs, Collars, Jackets and Collarettes, also Laces by the yard. Spanish Lace Fichus and Scarfs. Fine Silk Petticoats. Ladies' and gentlemen's Fine Silk Umbrellas. Kid Gloves and Mittens for men, women and children. Gentlemen's Fine 5J114 Mufflers, Neckwear and Suspenders. Fine Table Linens.Table Setts and fancy Centre Pieces. Fine line of high grade Perfumeries, etc. 510and 512 LACKAWANNA AVENUE HENRY BEL1N, JR., General Agent for the Wyomlnj Dlttrlotfjr Mining, Illastlng, Sporting, Hmolcelaii and tho Kopauno Cliemlcu to'iipaoy's HIGH EXPLOSIVES. lately Fuko, Cap nnd Exploders llooui 101 Cjunell Uallllnj. Scrautou. AQKN011S3: 1HOS roiti), JOHNlI.HMlTHJfc'SON. Y. ii JJULLIUAN. nuv riyrnouttt WUiej-Bart Liristitts Goods lypoiips roiim J I I