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THE SCRANTON TRIBUNE- WEDNESDAY. FEBRUARY 23. 1898.
5
SPAIN'S RISE AND FALL
From tho Philadelphia Jleeord,
Spain's life dates from tho marriage
of. Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella
of Castile, rulers of provinces In what
wo now know as Spain. Ferdinand
won provinces from Franco and united
tho peninsula. Then Naples was annex
ed to Aragon. The genius of Isabella
was one ol conquest and discovery.
Ih 1479 the Canary Islands were, se
cured, and 13 years later Columbus dis
covered America.
This discovery was quickly followed
by the act of Pope Alexander IV, who
Issued a gull granting Spain tM of the
New World west of the Azores. In
1408 Spain declared tho annexation of
South America, and her armies under
Ponce do Leon, .Halboa. and Cortez
traversed Florida, Central America and
Mexico. In the powerful name (,f
Spain Balboa took possession of the
Pacific, all it3 Islands and all lands on
Itn shores. Thus, from tho claim of
tho entire cstern Hemisphere, as nc-
Unowlcdged by the Pope, has retribu
tion visited the Spanish nation, until
today It does not own or claim a square
foot of "Western mainland, and Its puny
Island possessions ure fast being torn
away.
SPANISH COLONIZATION.
The budding Spanish, nation started
the colonization of the United States.
These settlors bullded cities, opened
churches, schools and universities.
There have been Spanish schools in
America since 1524. Before New Kng
lancl's first newspaper there was a sev
enteenth century attempt ut one in
Mexico. By 157!", nearly ti century be
fore there was a printing press in Eng
lish America, books in 12 different In
dian languages had been printed In
Spanish America, and throe Spanish
universities In America were complet-
thelr first century when Harvard
rs founded,
n Europe the name of Spain was
Feared. The nation was 'built In al
ay. With Its strong foundation, set
by Ferdinand and Isabella, and its vast
territorial acquisitions, It was in a
position to become the virtual Clrector
of the world. Spain was at the height
of her glory un ler Charles I, who was
also emperor of Germany under the
style of Charles V, and King of Naples
and ruler of Netherlands. He succeed
ed to the Spanish throne in 1510, when
he was but sixteen years of age. His
homo was in Ghent, In tho Netherlands,
at tho time, but he visited Spain In
1317.
THK JUDGE OF LUTHER.
Perhaps more clearly will Spain's
power be realized when It Is recalled
that It was. before Charles that Mar
, tin Luther pleaded his cause at "Worms,
and that It was under Charles that
wa begun the Reformation. It was at
this time that Spain's monarch de
feated Francis I., king of France, and
imprisoned him at Madrid. Francis I.
renounced his pretensions to Italy,
Flanders and Artols and restored the
Duchy of Burgundy to Charles. Then
Charles married Isabella, the sister of
the King of Portugal. Thus it appears
that about this time the Spanish king
was practically lord over all, of Chris
tian Europe.
Aroused by the Spanish king's con
quests. Pope Clement VII. headed an
opposition of Italian states, but this
was at once avenged by the sack of
Rome. Cnarles had his brother, Fer
dinand, elected king of the Romans,
though opposed by tho Protestants, on
whom Charles was severe.
SPAIN'S CONQUESTS IN AFRICA.
Even Africa was forced to bow to this
strong Spanish nation. Barbarossa had
made himself Dey of Algiers. His do
mains nearly coincided with modern
Algeria. Tunis was on his east and
Fez and Morocco on his west. To crush
this power Charles, with a fleet of r00
vessels and 30,000 troops, Invaded tho
country, pillaged Tunis and returned to
Europe with 20,000 Christians whom he
had freed. This King of Spain de
feated and captured the Elector of
Saxony. But soon he fell. Maurice,
whom he put at the head of Saxony,
turned against him. , Then sprung up
rebellions, and shortly after he ab
dicated his throne to his son.
The despotism of Charles was fol
lowed by the tyranny of Philip II.,
who, with the aid of tho inquisition,
undertook to root out Protestantism,
and he, with his no less despotic und
Intolerant successors, succeeded In
bringing to a close before the eigh
teenth century the brilliant period of
Spanish history. In tho civilization of
America the Spaniards had displayed
an amazing supply of courage, enter-
nrlsri nn,l onrlllrfinnn no Y.mM n t.it
ferenco to the sufferings of inferior
races, out the sudden acquisition of
colonial wealth developed the Spanish
avarlclousness. That is the keynote to
the nation's decay.
THE "WASTE OF A KINGDOM.
Tho attention of the people had been
diverted to unprofitable war. The once
Invincible soldier of Spain lost prestige
in Holland. Enormous taxes, from
which the clergy and nobles were ex
empt, fell with crushing severity upon
tho productive class, until the life-blood
of commerce and trade was sapped to
pay for the trappings of royalty. Por
tugal was won, but the great Armada,
that had boldly sailed to conquer Eng
land, was lost,
Tho exhaustion of the country was
Inevitably followed by the degeneracy
of Its ruler, Philip HI., to whom de
votlons constituted the proper admin
istration of government, determined to
expel tho Moors. They were the main
stay of trade, manufacture and Indus
try. Philip expelled them, but It was
the ruin of Spain proper. The Indolent
Spaniards Jiad neither Inclination nor
ability to take up the pursuits the
Moors had been obliged to relinquish.
Spain's commercial disintegration was
but a consequence.
POSSESSIONS IN AMERICA.
The present century has been a period
of decadence for Spain, though It has
been the most peaceful and least event
ful of her life. In 1800 Spain owned
two-thirds of tho United States, or all
land west of the, Mississippi, Mexico,
Central America, nearly all of the "West
Indies, all of South America except
Brazil. In less than a quarter of a
century all had been lost. ,
Her history in North America Is a
monument to diplomatic stupidity. She
early gave offense to tho United States,
not only in a direct manner, but also
In endeavoring to swerve Franco from
uldlng this government. "Tho position
and strength of tho countries occupied
by the Americans," said Grlnalda, tho
Spanish cablnst member In 1769, "ex
cites a Just alarm for the rich Span
ish possessions on their border."
This and his declaration that the Amer
icans were "already too formidable"
shows Spain's early dislike lor our
land. Junn do Mlrell?s, a Spanish emis
sary, came to Philadelphia (then the
capital) in U7S In reality as a 'spy. Tho
result was that Spain Intrigued with
Great Britain to quell tho revolution,
preferring English supremacy In tho
land to the ambition and power of u
new republic. The French minister at
Philadelphia entered into a plan with
Spain to convince the members of con
gress that ttrrltorlal acquisition was
nn unwise policy, and even convinced
Jay and Morris, of New York.
FIOHT OVER BOUNDARIES.
The dispute ns to the boundary line
of Spain's possessions came particular
ly forward In 1i9G, when, by a change
of Spanish ministers, Don Carlos Mar
tinez, the Marquis D Vrugo, wine to
Philadelphia. He married Sally Mc
Kean, the daughter of the chief justice
of Pennsylvania, and became a leader
of Philadelphia society. The editor of
a Federal newspaper In Philadelphia
charged him with having attempted to
bribe him .to support the Spanish side
of the boundary question, with the re
sult that the Spanish government was
asked to( recall De Yrugo.
Thomas Plnckney negotiated a treaty
with Spain that settled the Spanish
boundary and the question of the navi
gation of the Mississippi river, which
at that time was claimed by Spain. It
llxed the Florida boundary line at the
thirty-first degree north latitude, be
tween the Mississippi and the Appa
lachicola, and east from the junction
of the Flint river to the head of the
St. Mary river and to the set. Tho nav
igation of the Mississippi river was
made free to both nations, the Amer
icans being allowed to use New Or
leans as a port of deposit.
The acquisition of territorial Louis
iana, from which wo have made Louis
iana, Indian Territory, Arkansas, Mis
souri, Kansas, Iowa, Nebraska, Min
nesota, Soutli Dakota and North Da
kota, came to us from Spain through
France. In 1S00 the territory of Louis
iana was ceded by Spain to France,
who had previously given the terri
tory of Louisiana to Spain. Bonaparte,
embroiled in European wars, needing
money, and fearing the lops of Louis
iana, which he could 111 afford to pro
tect with soldiers sent from Europe,
sold the territory to the United States
for $15,000,000.
DISMEMBERING THE COLONIES.
Florida, too, was to soon pass f om
under Spanish rule. In 17C.5 Florida
was exchanged by the Spaniards with
Great Britain for Cuba, which had re
cently been conquered by England, but
twenty years later Florida was retro
ceded to Spain. When France ceded
Louisiana to the United States It wus
declared to be ceded with the same ex
tent that It had In the hands of Spain,
and as it had been ceded by Spain to
France. This gave the United States
a claim to the country west of the
Perdldo river, and the government took
possession of It In 1811. Though Gen
eral Jackson captured Ponsacola, Flu.,
In 1814 and ISIS, It was returned to
Spain and formally acquired by pur
chase in 1S19 for the sum of $.",,000,000.
The Spanish power In California was
overthrown by the Mexican revolution
in 1S:'2, when the government was per
manently secularized. In 184"-10 many
thousand emigrant- from the United
States settled in California, and when
the war with Mexico broke out. In JS10,
the struggle for the master' of tho
Pacific: coast Mas b pec illy ended In u
victory for the Americans, in 1847. The
rush of Americans for god in 1S4:) per
manently settled tho question. Texas
had Just previously seceded from Mexi
co. The Spanish had held possession f
Mexico until 1S21 o;- for .".00 years
when, as the result of levoiutlon, It
was declared Independent as a repub
lic, though soon changing to n nion
uichy. That was the end of once pow
eiful Spain In North America.
LOSSES IN SOUTH AMERICA.
In South Aineilca, the tale Is as tad
a one. The rising of the people of the
Spanish-American provinces to secure
their political independence began soon
after the rovol family of Portugal
abandoned Euro no and took refuge In
Brazil, in 1S07. The rising began in
Buenos Ayres, A'enezuela and Chile, the
other Plates following. Paraguay was
wrested away and made a republic in
tho gient rebellion of 1S10 that swept
o'or St-anish South America. Peru,
with the aid of Chile, which had se
cured freedom ten years before, and
Colombia, secured their Independence in
1820. The. Argentine Republic, that
vast confederation of the south, was
wrested by the English in 3S00 and af
terwards gained her Independence.
When Uollviu waa fiee, Spain's glori
ous possessions In North and South
America had passed away.
Today Cuba. Poito Rico, tho Philip
pines, the Carolines and a few Bmall
Islands In the Pacific nnd off the coast
of Guinea fly tho Spanish flag. These
und a bit of tho African coast are all
that is left of (Spain's Colonial empire.
GREED AND GRAB.
The true cause of the backwardness
of Spain Is the procession of horrors,
violence and public calamities that it
has forced on its colonies. But only
Cuba and Porto Rico can suffer such
terrors In this hemisphere now, and
they, perhaps, not long. The rule of
Cuba has been that of avaricious office
holders, who have milked tho Island of
its wealth and returned to Madrid with
their ill-gotten gains. The Cuban Colo
nial government, ruled by Spaniards In
time of peace, appropriated 8,000,000 for
the maintenance of the army and' but
$1,250,000 for public works.
The burdensome taxation of the peo
ple of the Island, tho crushing tariff
under which their very lives are passed,
are shown by tho fact that Cuba has
given to the Spanish treasury $137,
000,000; that tho island has borne the
expense of the convict settlement of
Fernando Po; that It paid for tho Ill
starred Mexican expedition, tho cost of
the war In San Domingo and with the
republics of tho Pacific. iWlilIo tho
Once the Mistress
of the World.
t
Ruined by
x
Greed and Cruelty
great nations appropriate largo sums
for their colonies, Spain does not con
tribute a cent for hers. While the
Island needs foreign machinery and
utensils, Spain docs not manufacture
them, but makes the Island pay heavy
Import duties. President Polk offered
$100,000,000 for Cuba, but tho offer was
rejected. In 18GS broke out the ten
years war, which was not quelled until
Spain sent 100,000 troops to Cuba, one
seventh of whom were killed or died.
RAVAGE OF THE PHILIPPINES.
Tho Philippine Islands form a strik
ing illustration of tho wrecking of a
rich country by the greediness of offi
cials, which has now terminated In
rebellion. Tho islands are about 400 In
number, but the principal one, nnd the
one most heard of, Is that on which is
situated Manilla, the capital with a
population of 150,000 persons. One
seventh of the people of tho Islands are
unconquered natives, who hardly know
or care that Spain claims their sov
ereignty. Hero again Is u glaring ex
ample of Spain's grasp for colonial rev
enue. There Is a lew on tobacco ex
ported and a heavy duty on nil Imports,
as high as 100 per cent, ml valorem on
petroleum anj cotton cloth. There are
many rich Chinese merchants who cur
ry on trade, the Chlness dating In the
Philippines before '.lie islands were dis
covered by Magellan and claimed by
him for Spain. The superior officials
are Spaniards, whose eagerness to
amass wealth anj return to Spain Is
the cause of much corruption nnd op
pression. Tho nctual rulers of the In
terior are the Spanish monks, who havo
often proved harsh and exacting mas
ters. FORCED TO WAR BY TAXES.
Since the rebellion of the natives in
1872 taxes have become more oppres
sive, and recently the tariff duties,
framed to give a monopoly of the mar
ket for manufactured products to
Spanish producers, have been raised to
a point that smothers commerce.
Here are some examples of petty tax
ation: Forty days of forced labor for
the public from every man each year:
a poll tax of C; an Income tax forced
from persons who have no Income;
carriage tax of $3 for each wheel; $500
a year license fee for a small store.
The present levoiutlon in the Philip
pines was brought about by a secret
revolutionary society. The plan was to
fall on all the Spanish posts nnd mas
sacre the soldiers, but the wife of Pedro
Roxas, the most liberal financial sup
porter and the most ambitious leader
of the revolution, disclosed the plot to
a priest In the confessional, who In
formed the government. The insurrec
tion, however, broke out, though
prematurely. The rebels showed their
haired for the monks by capturing 100
and torturing them to death, dismem
bering ii limb a day, or burning them
to death.
DIPLOMATIC PRECEDENTS
Ministers Prior to Senor de Lome Who
Had to Walk the Plank Decause of
Indiscreet Letters or Utterances.
From tho New Vork Sun.
The first case In which the repre
sentative of a friendly foreign nation
so misconducted himself at Washing
ton that his piesence became Intoler
able, occurred In Washington's time.
The offender was Citizen Genet. This
Fiench minister's attempts to influ
ence public sentiment in this country
against the policy of Washington's ad
ministration, with a view to Involving
us In war with England, led to his
recall In 1794 at the request of the
United States government. Hamilton
und Knox, and perhaps others of
Washington's cabinet, had been In fa
vor of ordering Genet peremptorily out
of the country. JeffVrson and Randolph
opposed this extreme course for politi
cal reasons; m d Genet was finally re
called by his own government. His suc
cessor. Mr. Fauchet, upon arriving
here, asked In the name of the French
republic for the arrest of Genet for
misconduct. Our government declined
he request, "for reasons of law and
magnanimity."
Twelve years later Mr. Yrujo, the
Spanish minister, was summarily dis
missed for abundant cause. Tho orig
inal offense of Yrujo had been an at
tempt to bribe a Philadelphia news
paper to print an article criticising
the administration and taking the
Spanish side of a boundary question
then In dispute between our govern
ment and Spain. Mr. Madison, us Mr.
Jefferson's secretary of stute, demand
ed the recall of the Spanish minister;
and upon a direct appeal from Madrid
It was arranged that Yrujo should be
allowed to depart quietly, as If he were
going homo on leave. But this diplo
matic offender took advantage of the
lenity of our government to remain In
Washington while the Spanish ques
tion was still being considered by con
gress. Mr. Madison notified him that
his presence was displeasing to the
president. Yrujo thereupon published
two lmpude'nt replies, declaring that
he would stay In Washington ns long
as he pleased. He did stay, but as a
private Individual,
A BRITISH EXIT.
During Madison's first tern) the Brit
ish minister, Mr. Jackson, wrote to tho
secretary of state a note Indirectly ac
cusing our government of duplicity.
He was promptly notified that no
further communications would be re
ceived from him by this government,
and his own government was subse
quently Informed of his misconduct,
Jackson withdrew from Washington to
New York. Tho foreign office at Lon
don showed some disposition to ques
tion the propriety of the course adopt
ed by Mr. Madison In cutting off official
communication without first asking for
the minister's recall, And when It did
recall him, three months later, It In
dicated no displeasure with him.
The nearest parallel to De Lome's
peremptory dismissal Is afforded by the
case of Monsieur Gulllaumo Tell La
vallee Poussln, French minister In
Zaehary Taylor's time. Poussln had on
a previous occasion tested tho forbear
ance of our department of state by
writing to Secretary Clayton a letter
concerning some French claim, in
which ho used this language:
Tho government of tho United States
must bo convinced that It In more honor
ablo to acquit fairly a debt contracted
during war, under pressure of necessity,
than to evndo Its payment by endeavor
ing to brand the character of an honest
man.
Tho minister was summoned at once
to the state department nnd Informed
that his letter wns offensive, but that
ho (should havo an opportunity to with
draw or modify it. Poussln offered to
argue tho question of propriety. Clay
ton told him sharply that the president
did not deem tho point a matter for
argument. Poussln thereupon with
drew tho letter and erased Its offensive
expressions.
UNTAUGHT BY EXPERIENCE.
This experience, however, did not
teach his wisdom. The offence which
led to his dismissal occurred several
months later. Commander Carpender
of tho United States war vessel Iris
had saved a French ship in a gale oft
the Mexican coast. There was somo
question of salvage, and Commander
Carpender's course In that respect was
fully approved by the navy depart
ment, nnd afterward sustained In an
elaborate opinion by the attorney gen
eral, tho Hon. Roverdy Johnson. But
Poussln wrote a letter on Mary 12,
1849, to tho state department,, declar
ing that the French llag had been In
sulted grossly by Commander Carpen
der, and demanding the dismissal of
that officer. Secretary Clayton had tho
affair Investigated and sent to Poussln
a full statement of the facts, together
with all the documents, showing that
no offence against the French llag had
been committed. He expressed tho
hope that this statement would prove
satisfactory to the French government.
Instead of transmitting the documents
to Paris, Minister Poussln again gave
vent to his private opinion concerning
American methods nnd motives. In a
letter of May 30, 1S49, to Secretary
Clayton, he said:
I cnlled on tho cabinet at Washington,
Mr. Secretary of State, Ui the nanio of
the French goven nient, to address a
severe reproof to that ollicer of tho Amer
ican navy. In order that the error which
ho has committed, on a point Involving
the dignity of your national marine,
mlsht not be repeated hereafter.
From your answer, Mr. Secretary of
State, I nm unfortunately Induced to be
lieve that your government subscribes
to tho strange doctrines professed by
Commander Carpender, of the war
steamer Iris, and 1 havo only to protest
In the name of my government against
these doctrlrcs
NO REPLY MADE.
To this extraordinary Insult no di
rect reply was made by our govern
ment. Tho entire correspondence was
fowarded to Richard Rush, then tho
American minister at Paris, with in
structions to bring it to the attention
of M. de Tocqueville, the French min
ister of foreign affairs, without, how
ever, asking of th'e French government
any reparation or apology for tho
words of its representative In Wash
ington. A month later M. do Tocque
ville Informed Mr. Rush that his gov
ernment saw no occasion for doing any
thing, nnd at tho same time Intimated
that there might be fault on both sides
at Washington.
This reply stirred to honest wrath
the soul of "Vleux Zach'," as the French
newspapers called General Taylor. Mr.
Rush was Instructed to Inform M. de
Tocqueville that his opinion of the con
duct of the United States had not been
solicited. At the name time, by Pres
ident Taylor's orders, the secretary of
state prepared the passports of Mon
sieur Gulllaume Tell avallee Poussln,
and forwarded the same to that diplo
mat with a note which may well servo
as a model for future occasions of the
same kind:
Department of State.
Washington, Sept. 11, !$.!.
Sir: The president hus devolved upon
me tho duty of announcing to you that
the government of the United States will
hold no further intercourse with you as
the minister of France, and that the ne
cessity which has impelled him to tao
this step at tho present time has been
made known to your government. In
i-ommuiilcating tho president's determi
nation In regard to yourself personally, I
avail my self of the occasion to add Hint
duo attention will be cheerfullv given to
any communication from Hie govern
ment to Frunce. affecting the Interests
of our respective republics', which may
reach this department through any other
channel.
The president has Instructed me fur
ther to say that every proper facility for
quitting the United States will be prompt
ly given at any moment when you may Po
pleased to signify that It Is your deslru
to return to France.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obed
ient servant, John M. Clayton.
Mr. William Tell Poussln, etc.
LATER INSTANCES.
The case of Mr. Catacazy, dismissed
In 1871, was of a somewhut different
i -"Hue, while the Sackvllle-West In
cident is too recent to require descrip
tion. In one respect De Lome stands nlone
among all the foreign ministers who
have sought to enliven their diplomatic
careers In Washington by Insulting
grossly and wantonly the government
whose hospitality they were enjoying.
The others have had at least the cour
age to address their Insults openly to
the face of tho persons for whom they
were Intended. De Lome conveys his
In a confidential letter, never designed
for publication; and his offence, there
fore. Involves an element of cowardice
and duplicity from which even Yrujos
case and Poussln's were free. Those
dead and almost forgotten diplomats,
the predecessors of Senor Enrique Du
puy de Lome In the procession along
the Spanish walk, seem like compara
tively respectable characters beside the
man whose first arrival in America
was signalized by an Insult to Amer
ican womanhood, and whose Ignoble
departure Is hastened by an Insult to
the American president.
TO PAY IX INSTALLMENTS.
From the Youth's Companion.
Sometimes, without a doubt, American
and British Judges, who ure held to a
close accountability to tho letter of a law
which may havo In It no Justlco lor n
particular cane, may well sigh for tho
latltudo of an Oriental cadi. Sometimes,
moreover, they may rightfully bond tho
administration of tho law In tne direc
tion of absolute Justice.
An English paper, for Instance, records
a peculiar decision in tho butt of a
usurer ugalnst a poor woman. ' The man
had lent tho woman money In such a way
that It wuh to bo paid In Installments,
und with monthly usurious Interest. Tho
woman was ur.ublo to pay the amount
due.
Tho Judgo satisfied himself that the
woman was hoi.cst and honorable, and
that what she hud already paid In In
stallments would cover tho original lour,
and a reasonable Interest.
"Will you ucept flvo pounds In dis
charge?" asked the Judge of tho plain
tiff; "you will then havo had 40 per cent.
on the loan."
The plaintiff would accept nothing less
than tho full amount to which tho law
entitled him.
"Then," Bald the Judge , "although I
cannot Invalldato tho agreement, I cun
make an order which, I think, will (It the
case, I glvo Judgment for tho full
amount, to bo paid at tho late of six
pence a month."
This was tho "Installment system" with
a vengeunco, for at this rate of payment
tho usurer would bo soventy-flvo years
In getting his money.
JONAS LONG'S
2
j j j t"j
not come again for many a day. Two mammoth sections in the
basement are loaded to the brim, with most everything that has
been devised in
Household Utensils
which go on counters this morning, for two days, at
4 cents and 9 cents.
Every one of which is worth from double to three, four and five times the
price asked. They're well worth coming after.
Fine Blown Engraved Tum
blers, Glass Fruit Dishes,
China Cream and Sugar Sets,
All Size Glass Globes,
China Egg Cups (two)
Decorated Sauce Dishes,
Vegetable Dishes,
Yellow Mixing Bowl,
Cup and Saucer (set)
Fancy Match Safes,
Heavy Tin Cup,
Bread Pans,
Fry Pans,
Wood Spoons all sizes,
Butter Prints,
2-Quart Sauce Pans.
On
4'
Counters
AND ONE
2-Blade Chopping Knives,
Comb Cases,
Heavy Towel Rollers,
Long Handle Dusters,
Nickel Hammers,
Garden Scrapers,
Hatchets,
Carpet Beaters,
Brass Locks.
Nickel Stove Lifters,
Coal Hods,
Mirrors,
On
9C
Counters
10
Jonas
fSTOUIIOS OF WOUNDED J1K.N.
Things 'Mint Interested anil Puzzled
Oliicorn or Surgoous.
From tho Cheapo Inter-Ocean.
"Wounded men," said the colonel,
"were often misunderstood. Gen, Ful
ler, of Toledo told me that he never
expected forgiveness for one harsh
Judgment of his. In the midst of a bat
tle he was trying to stop the (light of
panic strjeken men. One man came
stumbling along, not heeding a word
that was said to him. Indignant and
Impatient, Fuller, as he came near him,
leaned from his horse nnd touched the
man with his sword, saying sharply:
'Go back, sir!' Tho man looked up
with a look that said as plain as words:
'I am looking for a place to die.' Ho
opened his blouse nnd showed a great,
gaping wound In his breast, Then he
dropped to the ground. The general
dismounted as' soon as ho could, but
almost as he took the man's head In
his arms the poor fellow died.
"Some men when struck showed no
sign, I remember one little fellow who
was struck three times In ua many
minutes. The first shot struck his
right arm, and he proceeded to load
with his left. The next Bhot struck
him In tho leg, and brought him to his
knees. He had his left arm up, ram
ming home a load, when a bullet Btruck
that arm. Then he looked up and said
quietly: 'They have a particular splto
against me. I guess I'll quit,' and ho
dropped down."
"Wo had one man In ouv romnany,"
raid the sergeant, "who was shot
through tho body nt Shlloh. He was
carried off In an ambulance, and tho
'boys supposed they vou!d never seo
him again. Hut three days after the
battle the regiment wont Into camp not
far from tho field tiosultnl, and that
afternoon the men were surprised to
see the man who had been shot through
and through walk Into camp, uMng his
rifle as a cane. Ho announced that ho
had enough of thehospllnland wouldn't
go back to It. The regimental surgeon
hwore a good deal, Insisting that the
Ninded man should return to the hos
pital, but In the end acreed that tho
plucky fellow should bo cared for in
the company's quarters. Tho boys took
great cam of him. He Improved rapid
ly, went on duty as econ an ho was able
to walk, and was with tho company to
the und of tho service.
"Other men who couldn't bear phy
SONS.
lJSl4
Great Chances
For You
Are oresented to von todav.
Pressed Glass
Glass Custard
Glass Cheese
Glass Lemon Squeezers,
Braided Garpet Beaters,
Tea Strainers,
Clothes Line Pulleys,
Egg Beaters,
wire Strainers $ styles,
Nickel Iron Stands,
coo Carpet Tacks,
Heavy Pierced Ladles,
Large Wash Dishes,
Dairy Pans 1, 2, 3, 4, j, 6-qt,
Wire Broilers,
Paint Brushes,
Heavy Scrub Brushes,
HUNDRED OTHER
Braided Potato Mashes,
Scrub Brushes,
Fry Pans,
Dust Pans,
Hall Racks, --
Work Baskets,
Salt Boxes,
Fine Shoe Brushes,
Large Agate Jelly Moulds,
e-Quart Sauce Pans,
Dinner Pails cup tops,
Potts' Iron Handles.
Pails, with cover.
- Quart Chamber
AND TWO HUNDRED OTHER
Music Today
This afternoon at 2.30 o'clock, the twelfth in the series of
Orchestral Concerts, will be given by
Prof. Bauer's Celebrated Orchestra
At the Pure Food Exhibit in the Basement of this Grea1
Store. Prof. Bauer has arranged a very fine programme.
Don't miss the Food Show or the 'Music.
bong's Sons
sical pain were greatly troubled by
llesn wounds, and received less sympa
thy than they deserved. The hardest
wounds to bear were those .'rom spent
balls. These were more painful than
the wounds from th'e hard-hitters, but
men struck by spent bullets received no
sympathy at all. For some reason It
was, counted disrrputuHe to 'be hit by
a spent ball or a splinter from a rock,
und many men worried along under the
most painful wounds not even consult
ing the surgeon. Some of these fellows
carry the marks today and pay noth
ing about their.
"The otllctal report of the capture of
Lookout Mountain," said tho major,
"stated that General Walter C. AVhlt
aker was wounded, but that he didn't
leave the Held. That Is all true, but it
Is only half the story. Whltaker was
one of tho most Impetuous, driving offi
cers In the army. He was a regular
old stormer. He was pushing things In
great shape In front when he was
struck by a. rifle ball. He became
deathly sick, and It was supposed at
first that he was fatally wounded. The
surgeons and some of his associate of
ficers gathered about him, anxious and
nervous. A surgeon opened the gen
eral's coat and vest looking for the
wound, which seemed to be In the vicin
ity of the stomach, He found between
the vest nnd the underclothing a rllle
ball that had not broken the skin,
"He said quietly, 'A spent ball.' The
general opened his eyes and looked up
wrathfully and Indignant. 'What's
that? What's that? Somebody hit me
with a spent ball? I won't stand It.
Hrlng me my horse.' And fairly
throwing aside all the people about
him, he sprang to his feet, climbed on
his horse, and with his clothing in dis
array and his hat banged on his head,
started for the front, swearing at the
man who had hit him with a spent
ball. Hut the old general after that
probably had more sympathy with the
men who wero struck by balls that
seemed to fall from the air or that
same with as llttlo force as a stone
thrown by a vicious boy. Sometimes
these would strike a man on thefoot
and fairly craze him with pain. Some
times they would drop on his back as
ho lay face down on the ground kick
ing up hla heels, and he would writhe
as though ho were in the agonies of
death."
"Oases of mullngertns were to com
mon," said the doctor, "that surgeons
were suspicious over wounds that had
JONAS LONG'S SONS.
to
Save Money
nhanr.ps that mav
Goblets,
Cups,
Plates,
On
4(
Counters
THINGS.
On
9C
Counters
THINGS.
any mystery about them. Sometime
a man would come from the battlefield
pretending to be dazed or unconscious,
and would shrink from the touch as
though he. were pore nil over. There
wero so many cases of fraud among"
tho men who noted In this way that
surgeons were in danger of doing In
justice to severely wounded men.
"One day a man was brought back
who seemed In great agony, but upon
whom wo could tlnd no wound. Ho
couldn't talk coherently, but he pressed
his hand constantly to his rlsrlit side.
Close examination showed that he hud
been struck by a fragment of shell or
a piece of rock so larjje as to make a,
bruise two or three inches across. It
was, In fact, one of the most ulfllcult
cases to treat that came under my per
sonal notice, and the man's suffering
for weeks was intense And yet pro
bably no mark of a wound Is on that
man's body.
"While I was In charge of one of the
Hospitals at Nashville the most difficult
cases to handle were thot3e in which the
solrtlera were Influenced by hallucina
tions or superstltltions. The patients
were arranged In a large hall, the cots
In long rows, extending the full length
of the room. One night a pallent about
half way down tho hall .lied. Tho next
nlgh't the man coming next In the row
died nnd the next day the third man
in order died. Immediately Nos. 4, 5
and 0 Insisted on belns moved from the
row and they were so wild ubout It that
they had to be moved,
"No. 7, I noticed, was u quiet, un
complaining man of equable temper,
and, feeling that I must In some way
stop the panic and break the line or
superstitious dread, I went to him and
led up to the point by asking him If
he had any superstitious notions. Ho
said ho had not. Then I asked him if
ho would be satisfied to remain as ho
was, and explained that If he did not
Insist upon being moved I could quiet
the excitement. He smiled and said he
would trust himself In tho unlucky
row. Trilling as this circumstance
was It had the greatest Influence on the
patients In tho row. They watched
that man for two days with unflagging
Interest and It was a great trial for 4
him to see, whenever he was lifted up
by tho nurse, a dozen wild-eyed men
looking him over to see whether death
was on him or not; but ho stood his
ground and stopped tho panic He re
covered nnd has been as hearty as a
buck ever since."
aUtoalic
. !..,. nt 4 I
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