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TJJE gCRANTQN TRIBUNE -SATURDAY UORNIHGr, JUKE 5. 1897.
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America's First.
nMlti-milltoiniaire.
The Life Work of
Philanthropist and
W. H. Zcller, In Philadelphia. Leaser. '
It was nn accident that swept Glr
ard's trodlng ship, the L'Amlable
Louise. Into the waters of Delaware
Bay In May, 177.7 a venture entrusted
to bin Keeping by lira father In dis
tant Bordoavx, nnU on which, ho had
been trading between New York, New
Orleans and Port au Prince the pre
vious three yars. It was an Incident
that caused him to rent a store on Wa
ter (street, within a short dltance of
the spot where he afterwards located
himself permanently, while the British
fleet, under Lord Howe, was facing1 the
clty'd front. It was his meeting with
Mary Lumm In July of that year and
subsequent marriage, that decided
him i'o locate permanently in the
Quaker Cjty, although he purchased a
Bmalt property In Mount Holly and
continued" to reside there until the
evacuation of Philadelphia, June 17,
1778. He was baptized and confirmed a
Catholic, put although he rented a pew
In St. Augustine's church he seldom, It
over, attended the services, leaving
that duty to the other members of his
household. Singular as It may seem,
he was married by Episcopalian cere
mony In old St. Paul's church and was
burled In the graveyard of Trinity
Cathollo church, at Sixth unci Spruce
streets, according to the simple rites
of the Quaker faith.
His dwelling house was under the
same robf as his counting room, in
Water street, and in a locality almost
ontlrely(occupled by stores. The furni
ture was substantial, but plain, and
this shown by the collection now In
the special room of -the college build
ing devoted to his relics. His only
equipage Vas an humble chaise drawn
by a sphr looking farm horse. AVhile
his fleet of merchant xessels pursued
their given course" upon the pathless
seas, (lt was this time old-fashioned
chaise that conveyed Olraid to his 600
ncre farm in Passyunk township and
there ho personally Inspected the but
ter and eggs and other products sent
up to the Second street market. It was
on this same farm that ho raised the
beef that supplied lib vessels. In his
dress and personal appearance Glr
ttrd was as plain as the humblest, and
no stranger could have distinguished
this possessor of millions from any of
the tolling thousands around him.
CLOUD OVER HIS HOME LIFE.
Although unwilling to dwell upon a
matter of so much delicacy, It Is prop
er to state that the marriage of Glrard
did not result happily. There Is suffi
cient testimony among Glrard's pap
ers to show, that, as it Is not usual
in such matters, his reputation while
living and his memory after death
have both suffered, and unjustly,
from erroneous public impressions on
this subject. Early In the year of 1785
his wife gave evidence of mental der
angement, which Increased until Sep
tember of that year, when she was
pteced in the Pennsylvania hospital
for treatment. With a view of better
ment, Glrard later removed her to tho
country; without jjaiusflt. In conse
quencVf of' this affliction and the pain
ful stage of 'his domestic life, Glrard
determined to return to his old occu
pation as a mariner, and by absence
secure the tranquility denied him at
home. He sailed for the Mediterra
nean, but returning, found that the
disorder had been greatly augmented,
and Mrs. Glrard was again admitted
to the- hospital August 31. 1790, where
she' gave birth the following year to a
fema'le child the only Issue of this un
fortunate mnrrlage who died shortly
afterward. Mrs. Glrard parsed Into
death In September, 1815, and her re
mains vere Interred on the grounds
on the north side of the hospital.
Mr. Glrard then directed his atten
tion to ihe West India trade, for which
hls"prevlous education peculiarly fitted
hlmv In 1780 he entered Into partner
ship with Joseph Balesqul, for on two
occasions he engaged Jointly In busi
ness, the second time. In 1786, with his
brother John. Neither proved satis
factory. From this point his progress
to fprtune, Joined to unusual skill as a
merchant, was both sure and rapid.
In 178'lhe constructed his first vessel,
the Two Brothers, and sailed In com
mand of this brig for Charleston, and
thence to the Mediterranean, return
ing to Philadelphia in July 178S. It
was the beginning of a then matchless
merchant' fleet that soon whitened
every sea,
YELLOW FEVER EPIDEMIC.
At this 'period of Mr. Glrard's life
enters an Incident which, for its moral
heriosm and self-denying ehaiity, do
serves more than a passing notice,
perhap? giving to his name a higher
title than that of founder of Glraid
college. It was Glrard's guiding hand
that "rested as a blessing upon tho
afflicted, city In the yellow fever pesti
lence of 1703. It was hi executive
that organized the hospital on Bush
Hill, In which he served as nurse for
sixty days. In the latter part of July,
179?, yellow fever broke out In Its most
fatal form In Water street, between
Arch and Race streets. Extending
north to Vine street, It Was. soon com
municated to Front, and thence ex
tended rto parallel streets. Every at
tempt, to stay ,ie epidemic proved un
availing. It gathered fresh force with
fresh victims, until the city seemed
one vast charnal house. Citizen;) fled
in dismay, and the town becamo de
populated. In the midst of this pesti
lence Glrard answered an anonymous
cal) In tho Federal Gazette of Septem
ber 10, the only paper which continued
to be published, stating that all but
three of the Visitors of the Poor had
either fled or succumbed and calling
upon benevolent citizen to volunteer
their aid. Tho famous, Committee of
Twenty-spven organized at tho City
Hall dwtndtlngsubsequently to twelve
and there first care was tho organi
zation of the hospital at Bush Hill.
Tho physician In 'charge reported tho
situation without order or regulation,
far from clean and In Immediate need
of qualified persons to take charge. At
this, trying moment Stephen Glrard
and Peter Helm voluntarily offered
themselves for tho benevolent employ
ment'. To estimate properly the value
of this act of .self-devotion It Is well to
remembep that Glrard was at this
tlmo In the zenith of his llfo and al
ready a man, of wealth and Influence.
On the -Af ternodn of tho same day on
which he offered hfs services Glrard
entered- upon his duties. Ordor soon
reigned' where all before was confusion.
Cleanliness t'oto the place of filth, at
tendants andjnedlclnes wero nt hand,
fUDDliem and accommodation worvnm.
vldediand oiflihVVeryftext day he;re.
ipornja iMUJiWHtal as ready td 'afford
""ffjwygfiijl, Jr eistir favw, he
the IVlarJner, Merchant,
Skeptic, Stephen Glrard.
continued to discharge his duties, the
committee ceasing Its labors March 9
following. They received under their
care- alone 192 orphan children, miany
of them Infants whose natural pro
tectors had perished with tho fever,
and who knows but that- Irore Glrard
ooncelved the first thoughts of his col
lege for orphans. Tho deadly nature
of the epidemic may be Inferred from
the fact that from August 1 to Novem
ber 9 there were 4031 Interments out of
a possible population of 25,000 who re
mained In the city during the plague.
GIRABD AS A BANKER.
About the year of 1810 the funds be
longing to Mr. Glrard In the hands of
Baring Brothers & Co., of London,
PRINCESS
Crown Princess of
Princess Vlctoila, tlio crown princess of
Sweden, has taken up tho wheel. Cj cling
lias not bfen a favorite pastime among
the royalties of Europe since tho German
empress frowned upon it of late. It Is
said that 'William, too, does not enre to
see tho woman of tho imperial family
nstiido tho wheel. In tho faco of all this,
however, tho Swedish crown princess has
taken up tho exercise, It Is said, at tho
advice of her physicians. Tho princess la
an Invalid, and for many years has been
had Increased to nearly $1,000,001. To
withdraw 'this amount without danger
of lots was a task of no ordinary diffi
culty, nnd his papers show that he
experienced much alarm and anxiety
on thl3 account. Exchange lnfEnt;-f
land haid fallen below par; the sol
vency of the foreign house was for a
time a matter of gieat doubt, and the
difficulties between Great Britlnn and
this country already threatened war.
But, by skillful management, ho suc
ceeded safely and profitably in extri
cating his money, principally by pur
chasing In England United States gov
ernment stock and shares of the Bank
of the United States. 'Having thus ob
tained so largo an Interest In this bank,
upon the oxplratlon of Its charter, in
1811, ho determined to become a bank
er, and hJavIng In June, 1812, purchased
the banking house of that Institution
he commencedC his operations. It
would appear from the statement
Glrard rendered to congress In the case
of the ship Good Friends that he had
been concentrating his funds at the
point of London from the year 1807, at
which period It is highly probnble he
even then looked forward to his spec
ulation as one by which a large profit
could be realized. In extricating his
immense funds from the Barings he
did eo partly by Investments In Brit
ish goods and partly by the purchase
of public stock and Bank of United
Stales shares, for which he paid $420
per shcre, or 5 per cent, advance, and
that bank finally divided upon Its set
tlement 8H per cent, beyond par valus
of original subscription. At that epoch
a rich merchant was no extraordinary
character, but a. rich banker was a
character new and previously unknown
to the American public, especially
when backed by his millions anl nblf
to compete with the Treasury Itself In
sustaining the public credit and pre
serving the currency from deprecia
tion. In .the spring of 1812 Glrard
found that he could purchase tho bank
and tho cashier's house at the price of
$120,000, one-third of their cost, and
ho purchased the "property May 12,
commencing his banking operations
with a capital of $1,200,000, which he
increased January 1, 1813, to $1,300,000.
In tho transfer of the business not less
than $5,000,000 specie was Included, the
Bank of the United States depositing
all Its funds In Us vaults, providing an
extent of resources never before ex
ampled in this or any other country.
The old bank cost $300,000 and tho
cashier's house $40,000, and Glrard
bought them In for $120,000. No man
ever heard Glrard boaBt of what he
would do In time to come. He re
mained quiet and silent until the tlmo
did come, and then he struck tho blow
with an aim that could not miss Its
object. Stephen Glrard's bank never
refused to pay the specie for a note
of Stephen Glrard.
FIRST BUSINESS MISFORTUNE.
Glrard did not permit his occupation
as banker to withdraw him from his
mercantile pursuits. Occasionally he
met with heavy losses. December 17,
1810, his fine ship, tho Montesquieu,
sailed from the port of Philadelphia for
Valparaiso nnd thrlco for Canton,
where she arrived February 19, 1812. In
November, same year, tho Montesquieu
'sailed from Canton with a most val
uable China cargo on board. Singular
ns It may seem, she passed through
that great extent of sea without meet
ing a British cruiser, or epeaklng a ves.
sel that could Inform her of the war.
Arriving off the capes of tho Delaware
on the night of March ?0, 1813, tho Mon
tesquieu discharged guns for pilot. The
firing attracted tho La Paz, a small
schooner, which proved to be a tender
to the British man-of-war Polctlers,
and this led to the capture. The loss
of this fine vessel was a sever trial
to Glrard, but he Immediately eet
about repairing the. disaster and ran
somed her for tho sum of $180,000, His
calculations and foresight wero most
fully .realized, for It Is fhown bv his
books that notwithstanding this heavy
loss the cargo Drought enormous pro
fits, a large portion of the teas bring
ing ns high as $2.14 a pound at nuullon,
In consequence of the scarcity caused
by tho war.
LOANS TO THE GOVERNMENT.
Glrard took the oath of allegiance to
the government soon after his arrival
at Philadelphia, and became a citizen
of tho United States. His attachment
to his adopted country was sincere
and undoubted. His sympathies were
soon warmly enlisted for the land
which had sheltered him and under
whoso free Institutions he had pros
pered. During the War of 1812 ho
'placed at the disposal of tho govern
ment the resources of his bank nt
times of difficulty and enVbarrassmsnt
When tho credit of the country wa
prostrated In 1814, Its resource ex
hausted to the last cent, and tho cry of
treason and disunion striking dismay
Into the stoutest hearts tho Treasury
bankrupt and subscriptions solicited
In vain for small loans of $5,000,000 at
7 per cen,t. and an iinmcnsa bonus at
such a crisis Glrard stepped forward
and subscribed for the whole amount.
The effect of this action on tho publlo
VICTORIA,
Sweden and Norway.
unable to attend to the education of her
children, which has devolved upon Qutcn
Sophia. Sho spends most of her time In
houthprn Italy and tho south of France,
and tho continued Illness, of hl3 wife Is
said to have cast a gloom upon the spirit
of tho heir appaicnt to the throno of
Sweden and Norway. Princess Victoria
Is 3S years old. She is tho daughter of
tho Grand Duke of linden, and was mar-tlc-d
to Gustaf In 1SS1 Sho has bornu
three children, all of them being sons.
credit was electrical. It restored sta
bility and dismissed panic.
CHESTNUT STREET PURCHASE
Tho purchase of the block on Chest
nut street, tunning back to Market,
between Eleventh and Twelfth strr-els,
was a singular real estate speculation
of Glrard's. There It waa Intended to
locate the college how out on the old
Peel Hill farm. Glrard bought the
property July 1, 1807, from John Dun
lap and his wife, Elizabeth, for 3100,
000. It Is estimated to be worth all of
$5,000,000 today. Tho Chestnut street
front Is worth not less than $0(00 a
front foot, and the Market street fiont
$5000 a front foot. The great parch
ment deed conveying tho property to
Glrard is carefully kept in the vaults
of the estate. When Glrard came Into
possession of this property a laige
Colonial mansion, painted a bright yel
low, occupied the centre of the block.
It was surrounded by elegant grounds
nnd an orchard of peach and apple
trees, which bore fruit In abundance.
The Investment In this property was a
good one from the start and all oilers
to buy were refused. Among the offes
was one from Murat, who fled from
Spain to this country after the first
downfall ot Napoleon, and was for a
tlmo the guest of Glrard. Murat of
fered a dinner to Glrard and an In
timate friends to purchase the square,
covering It with Spanish mill dollars
as the price. "If you btand them on
end I will take your offer," said Glr
ard. Glrard fixed upon tho Chestnut
street block as the site for his college
In his will, dated February 18, 1880. As
he made tho purchase of the Peel Hall
farm of 45 acres, on the Ridge road, In
Penn township, early the next year, he
changed his mind. Tho fortunate co
dicil to the will' by which Glrard
changed the location of the college
was dated June 20, 1831, Just six months
before his death, which occured on
December 31 of the same year, from
tho then prevailing Influenza, or grippe
as It Is known today by thoso who get
It.
IN THE OLDEN DAYS.
The construction of the buildings
erected upon this block was left to the
heirs. Ground was first broken In 1832
for three rows of residence-houses
facing on Chestnut and both sides of
Glrard street, and a row of business
houses on Market street. They were
uniformly four stories high, and ac
counted tho most pretentious buildings
In tho city. Those on Chestnut street
had plain brick fronts, with marble
trimmings and marble steps leading up
from tho street. From the date of
their completion until 1870 they were
tho residences of many prominent
families. Then followed the transfor
mation into stores, and the whole
block became a business centre.
Among tho last to move away were
Thomas Oadwalader, Judge John M.
Read, Frank McLaughlin and Henry
M. Phillips. During and after the war
there were among the residents su'ch
well-known men as Wharton Chan
cellor, S. T, Btale, R. Earp, Thomas
J. Potts and Harry McCall. The first
business tenants wero the Conrad
Brothers, whoso establishment still
occupies one of the buildings. Ono of
Glrard's greatest expectations touch
ing tho city's progress Is more than re
alized in the erection of the great
building of tho Board of City TrustB
for thu GlraTd estate.
Much more could bo dwelt upon In
the narratlvo of these progressive
steps In tho life of tho mcrohant, mar
iner and philanthropist. The occasion
warrants any length of chapter as tho
day comes near for tho celebration of
tho fiftieth anniversary of the opening
of ids college, January 1, 1847, and tho
dedication of tho monument on tin
west plaza of tho City Hall to his
memory. The college Is indeed a last
ing and ever-present monument and
tc thoso who would be the witness of
t'ui monument of Glrard It U only
needful to look around and every
where. Thero was much of Interest In
tho ottempt to break tho will, whlci
wus fortunately saved to posterllj by
tho great labors of Horace Blnnc and
M. Sergeant. Even the character of
the buildings, as outlined In the will;
the will In Itself, tho curious provis
ions Inhibiting tho ministry from vis
iting the tollege and the changes In tho
several a .ministrations of the Glrard
Trust arc . hemes of vast moment. They
arn for the future.
The mind Is filled with admiration i f
the man and profoundly Impressed
with the value of his example. Tho
gcodness of his heart was not mani
fested by ostentatious subscription or
loud profession. Contemplate the
grand benevolence of this merchant
who becomes thereby the father of tho
fatherless. How he clears tho way be
fore the unfriended, but active nnd
worthy lad, and stands the guardian
angel of tho orphan. This Is truo fame.
It Is Glrard's look Into the future that
tho world sees in part today.
NEW YORK FASHIONS.
Wedding DresscsGradtiallon Dresses.
Plain and Fancy Bicycle Costumes.
Sbadc llalsPlallcd Collars.
New York, Juno 4. The traveling
dress Is no longer a distinctive cos
tume; anything suitable for general
street wear, serving the purpose, and
a skirt of light weight mixed material,
serge or linen, with a cambric shirt
waist and blazer Jacket, Is a sensible
attire, proof against sudden changes
of temperature; at the same time very
handsomely braided dresses arc worn
by persons who wish to bo conspicuous
on all occasions.
White satin Is undoubtedly tho first
choice for handsome wedding dresses;
but peau de sole, or moussellne-do-sole
(over satin) are used to sonic extent,
or crepo de Chine, where economy must
bo considered. The front breadth of tho
skirt is always gored with circular
sides, which, however, throw all the
fulness toward the back; and trains
are round nnd long, with many ruffles
in balayeuso stylo to assist In keeping
out the train. Waists are full and
round, sometimes with low round
necks, but high necks are 'In tho ma
jority, and with either style, long coat
sleeves with trimming at tho top are
universal. Lace is the preferred gar
niture or satin or mousseline do solo,
but chiffon Is admlssable on peau do
sole. A great many orange blossoms
nro used not only on tho veil, but also
In sprays on the skirt.
GRADUATING DRESSES
range from very simple to extremely
ornate styles, the latter being totally
at variance with the wearer and the
occasion. A much ornamented grad
uating dress Is of white point d'esprlt
lace over white net, and that in turn is
over white organdy. Seven graduated
rows of white satin ribbon trim the
skirt, which near the waist is gathered
to three rows of satin ribbon, drooping
at tho front, which gives the appear
ance of a short over-skirt. The cor
sage has many bands of satin ribbon
across the front nnd back, with a lace
Jabot down the left side, and a. white
satin ribbon belt and collar are In har
mony. FINE WHITE MUSLIN
with lace lnsortlon, tucks or ruffles.
Is very appropriate, and where colored
linings are desired nnd silk Is too ex
pensive, colored organdy Is being sub
stituted. Many graduating dresses
havo tucked yokes at the front of the
waist, which appear to merge Into a
sort of sailor collar at tho back, and
a novelty Is lace Insertion put on a
plain waist and sleeves In a slanting
manner which forms a diamond at
front or back and two on each sleeve.
Double ruffles set on nt Intervals make
a pretty skirt trimming for these
dresses, with insertion and rullles al
ternating on tho sleeves and waist.
The variety of silk, organdy, net, em
broidered batiste, braided pique, duck
or light wool dresses now shown by
leading houses, make shopping the
first consideration; but despite all other
attractions, nosummerllst of purchases
ever falls to include a good supply of
Murry & Lanman's Florida water, so
refreshing and delightful at all times
but especially at this season of the
year.
FOR A USEFUL
bicycle costume, a Scotch mixture Is
the best material, mado with a saddle
skirt and blazer Jacket, tho fancy bi
cycle outfit, however, Is markedly con
spicuous and very expensive. A hand
some ono Is of white "ladles cloth,"
with a narrow crimson cloth band on
the seam at each side of tho front
breadth, from which five narrow crim
son cloth straps of graduated length,
extend towards tho front, each and
every cloth band being outlined by
fancy gilt braid. A white blazer Jack
et fwlth white chiffon vest) trimmed
to match, and tho hat Is a white Al
pine with a crimson band. A white
ribbon collar and white kid gauntlets
give the necessary finish. A second
white bicycle costume has n crimson
and gilt braid around the skirt with a
crimson blazer having gilt trimmings.
A third in light blue, shows Bklrt,
sleeves, revers and pocket straps
braided In white. A heavy green linen
Is trimmed with six or seven rows of
fancy white linen braid around the
skirt, 'and on tho sleeves the braid Is
put on to form a point near tho wrist.
As a rule,, hats match the costume.
OSTRICH FEATHERS
are so liberally employed on hats In
tended for fashionable watering places,
that they seemed absolutely weighed
down, nnd tho natural idea of a light,
airy summer hat, finds but little ex
pression in Leghorns with six or seven
black or white plumes. Whllo Leg
horns carry the day as to style, pink,
green or white fancy straws almost
covered with tulle and flowers nfford
a change, but mixtures of color do not
predominate and trimmings are not
very high, much tulle or lace, however,
are gathered or twisted on tho edges
of hats, with a view to a softening ef
fect. THE BECOMING RESULT
of p. standing rufflo nround collars, is
soAvell recognized that many shirt
waists und fancy silk fronts nro mado
with a plaited rufllo which may almost
meet In front If desired. On foulard
silk waists, white lace Is plaited above
a velvet collar, and a velvet belt 1
obligatory. Velutlna Is well adapted
to this purpose, as It produces a soften
ing effect. Plaited or plain colored silk
neck ties fastened around a severo
white linen or satin stock, are very
pretty on young people, but fluffy neck
garnitures are almost universal.
Fannie Field.
A WASTED DIME.
From tho New York Weekly.
UIk sister "DlJk, I wish you would go
and got -Mr, NIcefeilow a glass of water,"
Mr. NIcefeilow "Ym, my boy, and
here's a dime for you,"
Lltila brether "Thank you, I'll go pret
ty coon. Mamma raid I shouldn't leave
tho narlor until hn cams back "
EARNEST CHRISTIAN
ENDEAVOR HOSTS
Plans for the doming Convention, to Be
Held nt San Francisco.
THOSE WHO WILL TAKE THE TRIP
Probnbly Not More Thnn Ton or fif
teen Thousand Will Ito Ablo to
Sparo tho Tlmo ltcqulrctlSlght
Seeing on tho WnyCost of tho
Journey Business l'rogrnmmo
Outliucd.
From 40,00 to 60,000 delegates usually
attend tho annual meetlns ot the Young
People's society of Christian Endeavor,
This year tho society meets in Snn
Francisco, and, If tho atendance wero
normal, the railroad business of tho
country would receive a remarkable im
petus. Tho rate of faro to which the
rnllroads have Just agreed Is $25 each
May from Chicago, $23.50 from St. Louis
m
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PRINCESS HELENE, . .,
The Wife of the Crown Prince of Italy.
Hclcne, Princess of Naples, .has been
photographed by ono of her new subjects
lit Italy, nnd the fresh plcturo shows her
to bo a very beautiful young woman. Al
most every ono has read of her adven
tures ns tho Princess of Montenegro and
her remarkable out-of-door llfo In tho
Ul-ick Mountains. Helene will not soon
grow adapted to tho cabined environ
ment sho will bo compelled to llvo In as
tho wifo of the crown prince of Italy.
Her girlhood was Fpent In the moun-
ar.d 32.50 for the return trip to Chicago
by way of St. Paul. The largest mem
bership pf tho society Is In the east
and the amount paid by the delegates
for transportation will probably aver
age $65 each. With an attendance of
GO'000, this would mean $3,000,000 paid to
the railroads for transportation, not
counting sleeping car fares or Inciden
tal expenses. That is more than one
peventh ot tho deficit In the earnings
of the railroads of the United States
frr the last recorded official year, 1893.
But, unfortunately for the railroads,
they will not have 60,000 delegates to
carry not one-half that number;
probably not one-quarter. The Mon
treal convention in 1S93 had only 16,
500 delegates; the distance and tho cost
of transportation kept thousands of the
delegates at homo. Tne conditions
this year aro worse in that respect than
they were in 1893. The distance to be
covered is greater for most of tho dele
gates and the expenses will be heav
ier. The attractions are certainly
greater, but these cannot cancel the
obstacles to tho trip. Hence, though
the society has grown enormously
since 1893 there Is no expectation that
the attendance at San Francisco will
bo greater than that at Montreal. Fifty
thousand members of the society will
mourn their Inability to attend.
EDUCATIONAL.
The Christian Endeavor convention
ot 1897 13 going to mean, however, a
sight-seeing experience for 10,000 men
and women. They are going to spend
fully three weeks, many of them a
much longer time, studying the won
ders of the West. We send 100,000
travelers to Europe every summer to
seo the benutls of forlgn lands, and not
ten per cent of these tourists know any
thing from their own observation about
scenic America. The Young Men's
Christian association has Just taken up
tho tourist business and Is planning
cheap trips for Americans to England
and Franco and Italy and tho Holy
Land. Always tho tide of tourist trav
el Is abroad. But this summer there
Is to bo a pilgrimage of Americans
across America and the young people of
tho East are going to learn something
ubout their own country.
Who are going? A contributor to the
Philadelphia Times asked that ques
tion of the Rov. Allen Phllputt, presi
dent of the Pennsylvania Union, which
will send tho largest state delegation
to California. "A great many clergy
men will go," he said. "Tho conven
tion comes at a tlmo when many go on
their summer vacations, Some whom
I know havo been putting aside mon
ey for tho trip for several years. Some
will be helped by their congregations.
School teachers will go. Their vaca
tion begins at about tho time when
tho convention meets. Many men who
have business Interests will go. Many
persons cannot go because of tho tlmo
required for tho trip, nnd many be
cause of tho expense, but the number
will bo larger than Beemcd llkey at
first."
From Washington will go many gov
ernment clerks to whom a month's
leave Is given every year, but clerks
elsewhere, who get only a week or at
tho most Uvo weeks of vacation, will
havo to mles the convention this year.
Pennsylvania furnishes a good Index
to tho number of thoso who aro going.
Pennsylvania Is tho banner Christian
Endeavor state. Pennsylvania Is feel
ing the hard times less than any other
state in tuo Union, Pennsylvania ex
pects to have a delegation of ftom 400
to 550. New York will como second In
representation probably; then tho New
England states and New Jersey. In
the Middle States, Illinois and Indiana
aro strongest, and will have probably
the best representation, but St. Louis
will send a large delegation by way of
Kansas City.
THE BANNER DELEGATION.
Pennsylvania has been developing In
terest In tho convention on a now plane.
Last January W. A. Gillespie, the so
ciety's transportation manager, start
ed from Philadelphia to cover the routo
which had been mapped! out for tho
Pennsylvania delegates and to malio
contracts for accommodations. Mr.
Gillespie covered the features of tho trip
thoroughly, including every essential
for traveling, lodging, food and Hlght
scclng. When ho returned, he brought
with him stereotlcon views of the
scenes nlong tho routo and prepared
a lecture, tolling all tho facts which
could Interest those who Intended to
go. This lecture he ban delivered to
tho members of tho Chrlstlun Endeavor
Unions In Pennsylvania nnd tho Dis
trict of Columbln, so that thousands
have enjoyed the trip to Snn Francisco
by proxy.
The banner delegation will be that ot
Pennsylvania. It will travel in two
special trains possibly three. Special
trains will bo run also from New Jer
sey, New York and the New England
States. Tho delegates will make these
trains their homes until they rench San
Francisco nnd on the return trip. Most
of tho trains will go by way ot Chl
cago. Special trains will bo run from
the East to Chicago and other specials
will start from that city for the West.
The trip, as arranged by the railroad
companies, will bo West by tho central
routo from St. Louis or Chicago and
return by tho northern or southern or
central routo at the option of the trav-
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tains, out in the open air, in the saddle,
cllmblm? peaks for better vlnws and even
in hunting. Sho Is un excellent horsewo
man, a. rare shot, nnd tho exuberance of
her spirits and brilliancy of eyo aro en
tirely duo to tho hygiene of her llfo up
to date. Tho princess doca not speak
Italian, but sho is hard at work learn
ing tho language. Her family namo is
Petrowltsch-NJegusch, and her great an
cestor, Danlio, was mado "Lord of tho
Black Mountains" In 196. Hers is a fam
ily of Ashlers.
eler. The delegntos from the East are
to bo in Chicago by June 29. The Penn
sylvanlans are planning to start from
Chicago on the night of Juno 29 and to
arrive In San Francisco July 7, tho date
of the opening of the convention. The
tlmo enroute will be spent in sight
seeing. ON THE WAY.
The Christian Endeavor Union of
Denver will show tho Eastern dele
gates their city by trolley. A trip will
be made to Idaho Springs and George
town, ending at Silver Plumo with n
visit to the Mendota silver mine. Tho
delegates will visit Manitou, nscend
Pike's Peak, drive through the Gar
den of tho Gods to Colorndo Springs,
spend a morning at Glenw6od Springs,
nnd finally reach Salt Lake City Sun
day for a day of rest. Tho Christian
Endeavorer3 at Salt Lake City expect
to have a great throng of delegates
from the East dn their city on the
Sunday precendlng tho convention, and
they are arranging for an evening ser
vice for their benefit, to be held In the
great Mormon tabernacle.
On the morning of their arrival In
Salt Lake City, the delegates will find
the city bright with the Christian En
deavor colors and with flags bearing
the inscription "California, '97" nnd
the figute of the Inevitable bear the
symbol of the state. On tho evening of
tho first day of the convention week
Wednesday thero will bo meetings In
six churches of San Francisco, one at
Oakland and ono at Alameda. Thurs
day morning welcome meetings will
be held In tho Mechanics' pavilion and
Woodward's pavilion, If the nttendunco
Is large enough to fill both. The capac
ity of tho first is 10,000 and of the sec
ond 6,000. If one of them proves largo
enough for all It will be the first time
In many years that the delegates have
been gathered in one building. At
Washington the delegates met In three
tents and at Boston in two tents and
a hall.
THE PROGRAMME.
Governor Budd and Mayor Phelan, ot
San Francisco, willl deliver addresses
of welcomo and there will be speeches
by members of the local committee.
Tho business of the day will bo tho
presentation of reports from President
Clark and General Secretary Baor.
Thursday afternoon denomination
rallies will be held In twenty churches,
in charge of Rev. J. F. Cowan, D. D.,
of Pittsburg; Rov. C. B. Ebermann, of
Gloucester, Pa.; Rev. D. Davles, D.D.,
of Oshkosh; Bishop W. B. Derrick, D.
D., of New York; Rev. J. B. Colbert,
of Washington; Rov. G. C. Kelly, D.D.,
nnd Professor W. B. Taylor, of Bir
mingham, Ala.; Rov. Professor Metz
ger, of Lafayette Ore.; Rev. E. S. Com
ing Caledonia Ont.; Rev. G. C. Adams,
D. D. of San Francisco; Rev. J. M.
Sowden of Olneyville, R. I. ; Rev. Thos,
Nowlln, of Newburg, Ore., and Rtv.
W. S. Hosklnson, of Sacramento.
Thursday evening Christian citizen
ship vill be discussed,
Friday morning tho delegates will
listen to addressee and discussions of
the principles of Christian Endeavor.
Among tho topics chosen aro "Loyalty
to tho Church," "Tho Sunday Even
ins Service," "Extension in Country
Districts," "The Essentials of a Mod
ern Christian Endeavor Society."
In tho afternoon a "School of Meth
od" will bo held in the churches, in
the evening Christian Endeavor fellow
ship will be discussed in various as
pects. Saturday morning stato ofllcers will
offer suggestions from their exper
ience. At tho conclusion of tho morning
meeting, tho delegates will march to
Van Nesd avenue and hold an open air
demonstration. Tho afternoon will bo
given up to entertainment provided by
the local committee. In tho evening
stato receptions and rallies will bo
held.
Sunday morning tho delegates will
go to church. In the nftemoon there
will bo evangelistic meetings,' In tho
evening prayer meetlngo.
Monday papers on tho mission work
of the union will bo read. In the after
noon will bo held a second "School r
of Method." In tho evening tho clog- ,
Ing session will bo hold. -
Iho progrnrnmo is still subject to
Blight changes, nnd it Is not known
positively wiin win tm t it,..
an active part In it. But tho following
ciergjmen lmvo already accepted in
vitations to attend: Rov. J. Wilbur
Chapman. D. D., of Philadelphia;
Rev. Georgo F. Pentecost, D. D., re
cently of London, but now of Yonkers,
N. Y.; Rev. John R. Davles, D. D., of
New York: Itnv. it. it rnnn.nii
Philadelphia; Rev. Hownrd II. Russell,
oi toiumnus, unio; Tamil Evangelist
Dnvld, of South India; Dr L. W. Mun
hall, of Philadelphia; Mrs. Victoria
Earle Matthews, of Now York; Rev.
J. C. It. Ewlng, of Lahore, India;
Chaerls T. Studd, of London; Rov. WIN
Ham Patterson, of Toronto; Roy." Mnlt
bio D. Babcock, of Baltimore; Rev.
Robert Johnson, of London Ont.j Rov.
1. B. Tyler, of Grand Rapids; Key. E.
L. Powell, of Louisville; Rev. N. Bqyji- '
ton, or Detriot; Rov. M. S. Hughe, pf
Minneapolis; Rev. Cortland Myers, ot"
Brooklyn; Rov. A. B. Maldruiir, of St.' '
Paul; Treasurer William Shaw,' of
Boston, and Professor H. IL. Wlllett, oi' '
Chicago. ' - '
RETURNING HOME., j '. '. ,
When the convention Is concludeil-a'.
number of the special trains will, start 1 r a
KaBl Immediately, but many ofrtha do-i' i
legates nro planning other slghtrsaclngi a .'
ej.pcrlonces. Some of them ai.e-EOlngo . ,
to visit Del Monte and to Inspect the -'
Snndford University. Homo win gp ,
back by the Shasta route, .visiting,,,' , ,
Poitland, Seattle, thq .CascailtoLnlcs,h
on the Columbia, Spokane and thq, Yel- Li,
lowstone Bark. Ono ,of i,hesOiiirfjeV:,'
which leaves Chicago on (he 20tli ofi
Juno will not return until the &ftn f w'
July-a full month. ' "'" 5r':;
in fact,' the convention of ' In-' "" '
rluoes In the plans pf ' the dclea.ttos' ' I
about thirty'-flve per ceht, ' ChH itluli .
Endeavor work anil s!ty-flvo per'cent f "
sight-seeing. ' ,r '! hr"
The Invasion of the, West will bo 'f W " ""'
mldable, but peaceful not seeking
wealth, like that of the tliousandtf.:wlmr
crossed the plains forty-elgjjt-vyicaj-j j,.
ago,, but carrying some measure ,,9! ,,
prosperity to California In .return for,-,,,
her bountiful hosiltallty. . r ',
- -r.A-
KUUI1EK INDUSTIU.
South America Supplies tho Itnw,.Tlnt .-tcrlnl--
here Guttn Pcrchu Comes
from, nnd the Process of .linking It.,
From Popular Science Monthly.
This remarkable substance Is obtain
ed from the milky Juice of certain
trees and different varieties of climb
ers. South America Is the principal
source of supply Brazil, of tho many
states producing it, leading In quan
tity nnd quality, ,and having in its
great forests sulllclent to meet twice
the wants of the world. The best Is
Para, (fine, medium and sernamby),
from the great basin of the Amazon,
where more than 80,600 serlnguelros
(gatherers) are engaged In the dry sea
son collecting gum. White Para, "vir
gin sheets," a new variety 1 threo
grades, comes from Matlo Grosso.
Since Its Importance first began to bo
felt, this gum has exerted an Increas
ing Influence upon tho spread of civ
ilization, especially among the Ama
zon and Orinoco and their tributaries
and the great streams which pour' out
from the interior of tho Dark Conti
nent. Para, formerly an Insignificant
village, has grown to be a city of. a
hundred thousand inhabitants, with
modern features, and Mauos, up the
river, Is fast following it. India rub
ber Is the mainstay of the northern
Brazallan states, Bolivia, and eastern
Peru. Brazil hag a great advantage
in its Immense waterway, ocean-going
steamers running 1,200 miles up tha
Amazon, whereas every African river
except tho Congo has a bar at Its
mouth and cataracts not far distant
from the coast line. It Is, besides
ivory, about the only commodity pro
duced In the Interior of a tropical coun
try that will bear tho expenso of trans
portation, often on the heads of na- '
tives along tangled man paths to tho
seaboard. So in many places It has
been tho basis of first commerce.
Gutta Percha, like India rubber, is
obtained from the Juices of certain
trees and climbers. The best is pro
duced by a tree, tho Isonandra gutta, '
of tho ordor Sapotaceoe, which for
r.ieily nbounded at Singapore and in
nil tho Malaysia, but which now tends
to dlssapear under the ravages com
mitted by gathmerers. Gutta in Malay
signifies gum or lime; percha signifies
becap. Incisions arc made In the bark,
us on rubber ttees, and the liquor llow3
of perfect whiteness, darkening at con
tact of air. Coagulation takes placo
spontaneously in a bliort time. Like
rubber, the liquid forms a fllmi on top".
This cream Is removed, kneaded Into a
largo lump, and plumped into" boiling
water. Under the action of a high
temperature It softens and forms tho
cake usually found In commerce. Oth
er trees in Malaysia and Farther In
dia, in Cambodia and Cochin China,
produce good gutta. In Hindustan dif
ferent grades aro mixed by tho na
tives. Chinese merchants In their de
pots, mix and manipulate to give a
good superficial appearance to the pro
duct, ns the price Is constantly advanc
ing. As the gatherers also do not scru
ple to add vegetable debris, earth or ,
sand, It has become difllcult to procure)
a pure article. An Inferior quality Is
obtained from trees nnd climbers In
Afilca and Madagascar, and with tha
development of thpso countries, more
may bo expected. - .
THIS TALK WASN'T CIIEAW '" t
1 ' s-lf firiT
Ono User of tlio Telephone WhoiUtsa -r
interpreted tlio Rules. ' "
Roehoitcr Democrat and Chronicle',, ' "
A Rochester manufacturer dropped
Into a long-dlstanco telephone of lice
yesterday afternoon and ' tpld 'tfre. , .,
young woman In charge that ho. wished,
to talk to Now York, Thereupon, ho' .
was promptly connected and at ohco. , '
proceeded to talk. Ho talked qujte ai
llltlo while. Then he had an after-.'
thought nr.d talked ngnln. Then ,tho
man In New York thought of spine-,.."..
thlnlg nnd tho Rochester man talked
some more. Outsldo the bpoth two men r
wero pacing tho floor, ono of whom'j
wished to have his canat boats lying nt
tho slips at Buffalo painted, and tho.,
other was anxious to reach the head'
of tho great salt Industry at Syracuse, '
Thoy paced with moro or less impa
tience whllo tho Rochester man talked.
At last tho door oponcd and tho talk
er emerged.
"How much do I owo?" ho asked of
tho girl in charge. " ' '
"Aro you aware," she said, "that 'you
havo been In tho booth for some time?"
"Oh, yes," ho said. "I suppose yodr
regular chargo for New York Is $3,507"
"Yes," sho said In a buslnesS-llka ' :
way, $3.50 for flvo minutes. Your bill W
$25.90." '' '
City nnd Country Houses, '
Jinks "Winks must be doing finely. He
tells mo ho has a country houso and a city;
houe." '
Itlnks "Ho foa Ho tnkea caro of myu
country hous? in tho wjnt,er .id jiiyijvlp-.i ...
ter houso in tho aummor," New Yorlc
Weekly.