THE SCRANTON TRIBUNE -SATU ft HAY MOIttflNGr, AP11IL lT, 1897.
13
Modem Mexico from am
Americae Ponet of VleWo
Impressions of a Fortnight's Journey to the
Capital City of Our Sister Republic.
Theo. Hart, in tho 1'lltston rjnzctto.
The republic of Mexico la usually
spoken of aa Old Mexico, to more readi
ly distinguish, perhaps, between It and
our United Stutrs tenltoiy New Mexi
co. In these notes of a recent trip over
the southwestern border with tho Na
tional Editorial association excursion
ist the writer prefers to Bpeak of the
country aa Modern Mexico, for the
changeu made during the past two dec
ades, with the transformations still In
progress beyond the Hlo Grande, hnvo
materially modified conditions In that
long perturbed land. Tho country and
people, under the rule of Diaz, and with
the extension of railroads and tele
graphs, the establishment of free
schools and other kindred Influences,
have entered upon a new era almost as
marked as was that following the
Spanish conquest of 375 years ago. Con
trary to the common view of the Mexi
can invasion by Cortez, a recent writer
has lamented tho ingratitude of repub
lics as indicated In tho fact that no
monument has eor been erected to the
conqueror of tho Aztecs, whose bar
barous tribat institutions wore sup
planted by a Spanish civ lllzatlon which
Instituted the cradles of printing, edu
cation, art and organized charity In the
Now World 150 to 250 years earlier than
uV.ey were known elsewhere In Amctlca.
Ue this as Jt may, a greater than Cor
tez Is at the head of the government of
Modern Mexico, and the nation is mov
ing forward in the development of the
wonderful resources of the country as
never before, under the Impulse of their
trusted leader's master genius.
across Tin: link.
It was u blight, pleasant morning
that of February 21 when the National
Editorial association excursionists
reached Eagle Pass and crossed the
Jtlo Grande into Mexico, on a pleusure
trip to the ancient capital of our nelgh
Iorlng republic. The special train of
"nine Pullman cars contained some two
hundred and fifty ladles and gentlemen,
and thofo who were asleep In their
berths upon arriving at Ciudad Porfirlo
Diaz weie awakened by the music of a
Mexican band. After breakfast had
been served In the railroad dining hall,
the mayor of the city made his appear
ance and throitKh the city clerk gave
the visitors a cordial welcome In Span
iph. An interpreter In our parly gave
us the substance of the speech and re
sponded on our behulf. By the mayor's
special permission the band was al
lowed to pluy the national air of Mexi
co, It being unlawful to do so anywhera
In the republic without proper offlctal
authority. This gate city (Ciudad Is
city) named after President Diaz, is
destined to become a largo place, being
favorably located and healthful. Here
wc had our- first dealings In Mexican
money, and wero given a striking ob
ject lesson on the currency question.
One American silver dollar paid for
two breakfasts, but their own Mexican
stiver dollar, although intrintlrally
more valuable than ours, would pay
for but one. An exchange near the
railway station, for a commission of
two and a half per cent, converted IT.
S. money Into Mexican (both paper and
silver, but no gold) for all who desired,
on the two to one basis.
WASHINGTON'S BIRTHDAY.
Leaving Ciudad Porfirlo Diaz, over :
the Mexloan International railroad,
about two-thirds of the long Journey of
1,100 miles to the City of Mexico was
covered during that and the following
day. The heat and dust, ns wo passed
over long stretches of barren country,
with little to be seen In any direction
save white sand, cactus the short mes
qulet brush, and here nnd there a few
Isolated huts added to the discomfort
of the party. The grades of the road,
as we moved steadily toward the hlirh
table land, were heavy, and on this
portion of the southward ran our spe
cial train fell twelve hours behind its
schedule. Only necessary stops were
made, so that Important cltlea and
towns on our way, Including not a few
of much historic Interest, were neces
sarily nasaed without other opportun
ity of seeing them than was afforded
from tho car platforms or windows,
nnd some noted places wero passed in
the night. Branch roads lead to Mon
tery. Saltlllo and Bueno Vista, battle
fields of Gen. Taylor's army in the war
of '47, which are but a few miles dis
tant. The second day's Journey over the
arid steppes of Coahulla and Zacate
cas, being Feb. 22, was agreeably re
lieved by a celebration of Washing
ton's birthday. The Pennsylvania and
New York people planned the affair
nnd prepared the programme. At Can
itas, a small way station, the excur
sionists all gathered In the shade of the
depot, during a half hour stop in the
early afternoon, nnd tho patriotic
Americans celebrated the natal day of
Washington with unstinted enthusi
asm. AGUASCALENTES.
Tho morning of the 23d found us at
Aguascalentes. During the night we
had passed Torreon, a railroad Junc
tion at which we changed to the .Mexi
can Central. Aguaecalentes (meaning
hot water) Is a quaint looking city of
60,000 inhabitants, founded over 300
years ago, capital of the state of tho
same name. It takes Its name from
the hot springs in the vicinity, and the
public nnd private bath houses aro
places of Interest to visitors. The nltl
tudo Is 6,261 feet and the climate said
to be mot-'t delightful all the year. Tour
ists mark this place as one where tho
women make flno lacp and drawn
work, which Is offered for sale at the
railway stations, on the streets and all
through the country. The public build
ings and churches hero are specially
Interesting to strangers. In some of
tho latter will bo found rare old clo
tures of great value. An old monu
ment In the beautiful plaza, erected to
commemorate tho founding of tho city,
was formerly surmounted by a statue
of Ferdinand VII., but tho statuo was
thrown down at some time during a
political upheaval and never replaced.
Consequently the monument has an un
finished appearance.
Again under way, tho town of Salao
Is reached in time for supper, after a
few hours' run, and hero the excur
sionists spent the night, to be ready on
the morrow for a side trip over a
branch road to Guanajuato, one of the
most attractive points for slght-seers
In nil Mexico, as It Is unllko unythlng
to be seen elsewhere In the country.
For more than three hundred years tho
rich sliver mines hero have been work
ed, and they mny be seen today reduc
ing tho precious metal, by tho "patio"
process employed by tho Spaniards In
1557, Just aa when they first operated
the silver mines here. The name of the
town, like the nomenclature of moBt
Mexican cltits and towns, is of Tolteo
or Azteq oxlyin, with Roantsh orthog -
raphy. It Is pronounced as though
spoiled "wan-a-wah-to, with accent on
tho next to the last syllable. A ride
from Salao of twelve mllea by steam
cars and then by mule cars for three
miles brought us to the center of the
city, which has a population of 90,000.
It Is the capital of the state of the same
name, and has an altitude of 7,000 feet.
GUANAJUATO.
As one approaches the compact city,
or looking upon It from the higher
giound In the vicinity, with the ter
raced buildings of antique nppearancc
ranged ono above another s; closely
that the crooked streets are hardly dis
cernible at a short distance, the sight
recilU pictures we have seen of ancient
towns In Palestine and other parts of
tho Old Wot Id. Here, as at Aguascall
entes. tho few hours at our disposal
seemed all too short for u hurried view
of the principal objects of interest. Af
ter Ins-pectlnir the silver reduction
works, we went through the mint the
oldest in Mexico and were then shown
through a new theatre building1, not
quite completed, that for elegance and
capacity Is not sui passed, perhaps, by
uny in this country. Tho old cathe
drals here were spacious and magni
ficent In finish and furnishings. A ride
on the street cars to the higher por
tions of the city gave an opportunity to
see the better class of residences,
amors which were thi homes of con
sular representatives of different gov
ernments. Soni" of our party hail the
privilege of meeting the Methodist and
Cumberland Presbyterian missionaries
at work on this Held and visiting the
schools under their charge The Meth
odists have been laboring hero for
twenty-three years and have a church
of about a hundred members, with
schools for boys and girls and a med
ical dispensary for the poor. They own
valuable property in the central part
of the city and their mission ha3 nn
encouraging outlook.
An historic building In Guanajuato
Is the prison, erected more than a hun
dred years ago us a chamber of com
merce. After Hidalgo, the patriot priest
of Dolores, was overpowered, In 1810,
he and the three generals who Jolnd
him in the first Htruggle for Independ
ence from Spanish rule w?ro executed
In the neighboring town of Chihuahua,
and their heads were hung In cages for
ten years at the four cornerx of this
old building. A flno bronze statue of
Hidalgo now stand3 near the entrance
of the prison, and everywhere the
name of the Lllwrator is honored as
Mexico's ashlngton.
THE PANTEON.
But the one oversliawodlng attrac
tion for strangers here lu the catacomb
or pnnteon. In the western part of tho
city, on a high hill. Is the clty'3 place of
sepulture an enclosure of two or three
acres. Across one Eldo Is built a wall
some 500 feet long. In which are con
structed vaults like pigeon holes, each
large enough to receive a coflln and one
above another perhaps ten or twelve
tiers. For $25 a body Is kept here five
years, with privilege of renewal, or $100
will pay for a perpetual resting-place,
nnd many arc so marked. The coffins
are sealed In their receptacles, the outer
ends being inscribed with the names,
ages, etc., of tho dead. Those whose
friends fall to pay more, after the
bodies have been there Ave years, are
removed. If the body has mummified
In the dry air of this high altitude, as
many do, It Is stood up atjalnst the wall
in a crypt constructed sumo fifteen
feet beneath the "pigeon-hole" vaults
on the surface a. subterranean cham
ber reached by a spiral stairway. It Is
about SxlO f-et In dimensions and orig
inally five hundred feet long. Visitors
are allowed to descend Into this crypt,
which Is lighted from tho top. and here
may be seen manv mummies leaning
against either side of the chamber,
while at the ends are corded up the
skulls and bones of thousands of other
bodies removed from the vaults above.
It is truly a ghastly place and one does
not care to linger there long.
QUERETERO.
Returning to Salao the same evening,
we resumed our Journey southward
over the Mexican Central road through
Irapuato, a pretty little city where
strawberries are grown every day In
the year, and on to Qucretero. the capi
tal of the state of Qucretero. This city
has a population of 50,000. We arrived
there the morning of Feb. 25. Hero
was ratified the treaty of peace between
Mexico and the United States In 181$,
and here Maximilian and two of hlu
generals, Mlramon and MeJIa. were
condemned and executed In 1807. The
place of execution in the northern part
of tho city, Is marked by three small
stone crosses. The place where the
court martial pat Is also to be seen,
and visitors to the state capltol are
shown tho table on which Maximilian's
death warrant was signed, the htools
on which the condemned men sat and
many other icllcs of the unfortunate
emperor. These and other events give
to Queretero an Important place in
Mexican history. It has Important
manufactures, including one of tho
largest cotton mills on the continent,
Imposing church edifices, a fine plaza
and a great aqueduct five miles long,
some of the arches of which are 100
feet high, for the city's water supply.
There arc opal mines In all this region
and on every hand strangers are beset
by fakirs with opals for sale.
TIIE TOLTEE CAPITAL.
Having bade adieu to Queretero, our
special train was again under way,
with only 150 miles between us and our
place of destination. The day was a
delightful one. The altitude gradually
advanced from that of 6,000 fpet at
Queretero until at Marques we were 8,
133 feet above the eca level, several
hundred feet higher than the city of
Mexico.
Within two hours of our Journey's
end wo came to Tula, the ancient capi
tal of Toltecs, founded about tho year
038. The town now has a population of
only 3,000 and is little more than a rail
way Junction, the. branch road to Fa
chuca, an important silver mining city,
connecting hero with tho main line of
the Mexican Central. In the plaza at
Tula may jitlll bo seen Toltecan relics,
and interesting ruins of tho oldest
known city of the continent are yet
visible, although half burled In the
sands that for more than twelve cen
turies nave swept over the plains since
these temples wero erected by tho an
tecedents of the Aztecs. The ruins of
the ancient temples are called the
"oasas grandes."
THE BIO CANAL.
As one approaches the Valley of
Mexico from the north a marked Im
provement is observed. In the appear-
anco of tho country, and a mare Intent
1 gent, practical tilling of tho soil la
everywhere apparent. For more than
a dozen miles before reaching the city
the railway traverses a great rovlne
from 300 to tJOO feet wide and 1C0 to 200
feet deep. This Is the great Tajo de
Nochlstongo, constructed at an Im
mense cost of men nnd money In the
early part 'of the seventeenth century
by the Spanish viceroy of that period,
with the view; of draining Lake Hum
pan go, the highest of the several lakes
In the Valley of Mexico, Into the
Itlo Pnnuco. Fearful epidemics had
scourged tho city during the preceding
thrc"-iuarters of a century of Spanish
rule, nnd In severe rainy seasons the
overflow from the lakes had often flood
ed the national capital, It was thought
that the construction of this great
drain would relieve tho situation, lu:
after thirty years' experimenting and
tho expenditure of six millions cf dol
iars, tho work was abandoned.
X-
Nothing further wns attempted in
this direction until the accession of
Diaz to the presidency, twenty years
ago. The great enterprise had been
most actively pushed during the past
decade and is now practically finished
at a cost of $18,000,000. The latter day
engineers decided to make no use of
the old Nochlstongo cut, but started
anew In an opposite direction. Tho
Desague. ns It Is called, issome thirty
miles long, including an oval-shaped
tunnel thirteen feet In diameter, nearly
seven miles long, and is the greatesi
drainage canal In the woild. Lul3 Es
plnosa, the engineer who has had
charge of the work since 1879, Is a na
tive of Guanajuato, of Indian blood nnd
humble birth. He had few early ad
vantages, but President Diaz recog
nized his ability and had faith in him,
and his marvellous success, In carry
ing through to completion this giant
undertaking began before the first
English settlement was made In Amer
ica, nearly three centuries ago, In a
spirit that must command admiration
for its bravery and foresight, although
the enterprise was doomed to failure
proves that the confidence reposed In
Esplnosa was not misplaced. Ills
name will ever be coupled with that ot
Diaz in the history of the Desague.
Plans have already been prepared for
a complete system of sewerage for
Mexico's capital, now that the outlet
canal is finished. The fact that so largo
and compact a population as that of
this ancient city, has been so free as It
has from terrible epidemics, in the ab
sence of any sewer system a city lo
cated in a great basin, a vast swamp.
Indeed, subject to overflow from the
lakes In the vicinity Is a rare testi
monial to the salubrity of the climate.
As has been well said, altitude and
aridity have surely been miracle-workers
for the city of Mexico,
MEXICO'S CAPITAL.
It was near sunset at the close ot the
fifth day out from San Antonio, Texas,
that the editorial excursion train reach
ed the capital city of Mexico, tho an
cient fenochtitlan of the Aztecs. A
delegation of local newspaper men were
at the station to receive the party, and
In brief addresses gave them a cordial
welcome. Many of the party concluded
to occupy their berths In the cars dur
ing the three days' stay In the city, but
others preferred to try a change and
went out In search of hotel accommo
dations. The editor of the gazette with
many others found pleasant quarters
In the Hotel Iturblde. This roomy
structure was the palace of tho first
emperor of Mexico seventy-five years
ago. As general of the armies that had
overthrown the Spanish rule ot three
hundred years, Iturblde became a lead
er of the disorganized elements, and
the following year the first congress ot
Mexico made him emperor. But a re
public was soon after proclaimed at i
Vera Cruz and the emplie speedily
came to an end. Iturblde resigned and
waa banished from the country. Ho
was not aware that u decree had been
Issued Imposing the death penalty
should he return to Mexico, and after
a brief sojourn In England he came
back, was arrested, condemned to death
and shot. So It Is, on this historic
ground everywhere one finds Just such
interesting associations. Each church
has Its traditions, and the field of re
search for students nnd litterateurs,
among the legendary folk-lore treas
ured by the descendants of the abor
igines. Is wide and fruitful.
CHURCH OF GUADALUPE.
Tlw limited stay of our party In tho
city made it necessary to Improve every
moment, nnd then wo could visit com
paratively few of the many points of
Interest. The magnificent Guadalupe
church was the first place visited by
the editorial excursionists In a body,
the Ifcal commltteo on entertainment
having so arranged and provided trans
portatlon over the street car lino
These nro drawn by mules. There arc
no electrlo street cats In the city nor
In any part of the country, wo were
informed, although a syndicate of cap
italists has recently been figuring on a
change to electrlo power in the capital
and other cltlea of Mexico. Tho morn
ing was bright and pleasant, and ufter
a good night's rest the ride of live or
nix miles to the little suburban city of
Guadalupe was very enjoyable.
Tho object of our visit Is a riew
church, Jubt completed at a cost of two
and a quarter millions of dollars. It
was erected on tho slto of an ancient
Azteo temple which It is said was the
Identical spot wheru the Virgin of Gua
dalupe appeared to a pious old Indian,
Juan Dlago, while on his way to masy,
soon after tho conquest, and bade him
tell the bishop that lie should build a
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church there. The bishop doubting the
reality of tho vlsltn, the Indian re
turned to tho place, as the story goes),
and found tho Virgin there again, A
third time she appeared to the Indian
and made the same request, nnd when
tho still Incredulous bishop told tho In
dian to bring him dome token In confir
mation of his statement, he ncaln re
paired to the scene of his former vi
sions, where the Virgin met him again
and many miraculous things occurred.
Finally she told Mm to pluck the flow
ers that sprung from tho barren rocks
at her feet as she spoke and take them
to the bishop for a token. He gathered
them In his tllma a coat made from
the coarse fibre of the cactus and ns
the Virgin vanished, a nprlng of water
gushed from the spot where she stood.
The Indian hurried to take the f oweri
to tho bishop, ns directed, and when he
emptied them from the tllma, an Image
tf: - -ar- CAiMt-P' jr ,
THE VISITOR: AND WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO MAKE OP HIM?
MAMMA: I WANT HIM TO BE A PHILANTHROPIST.
"VVHV, THDIU3 19 NO MONEY IN THAT."
"BUT ALL THUS PHILANTHROPISTS HAVE BEEN VERY RICH."
From Life. Copyright, HOT, by Mitchell & Miller.
I
of tho Virgin of Guadalupe, In beautiful
colors, appeared upon the coarse gar
ment. The church was built In 1532 upon
the site of the miraculous vision, and
the sacred tllma was hung over tho
altar. It occupies the same place in
the now church, and above It Is sus
pended a crown about the size of a
man's head which Is worth $120,000, be
ing studded with precious gems, Thl3
picture of the Virgin of Guadalupe
dlfters from other Imares of her, In
that It lu.i a halo around the entire
ligure Instead of tho head alone. It Js
a familiar emblem In all Mexico, from
th'o fact that the patriot priest and
martyr, Hidalgo, when he and his fol
lowers took up arms against Spain and
pronounced for independence, Septem
ber 15, 1810, made this image of the Vir
gin of Guadalupe their banner. It fired
the Indian heart and "Guadalupe" be
came their war cry. September ICth Is
now celebrated as the Mexican 4th of
July.
THE CATHEDRAL.
The great Cathedral, situated on the
Plaza mayor, Is nn Imposing and vener
able pile. The stranger will not need
to have it pointed out, located as it Is
In the most central part of the city. It
is accessible every day, sightseers go
ing in and out during the services,
while worshippers aro kneeling here
and there throughout the auditorium,
there being no ps;ws In any of these
churehe3 that we visited. The corner
stone of the cathedral was laid In 1573,
but It was over fifty years later when
the first service was held, and nearly a
century later when Anally dedicated.
Thebullding is 3S7 feet long and 177 feet
wide, with Interior height of 179 feet.
The towers are 204 feet high. The carv
ing, gliding and frescoelng of the Inter
ior are simply gorgeous, a weUth of
adornment belne lavished on th' sev
eral altars. The Altar of the Kings,
the finest, was built by the artist ot a
similar one In the Cathedral of Seville.
Beneath aro burled the heads of Hidal
go, Allende, Aldarna and Jlmlnez,
which for ten years were displayed in
cages at the tour corners of a public
building in Guanajuato, but were
brought here after the independence of
Mexico was recognized: and in another
part of the cathedral rest the bones of
Iturblde. There are fine paintings,
some of them by tho old masters, very
many of great value and all by the best
artists. There are fourteen parish
, churches in the city, three of which
i were established as early as 1521. and
most of them are magnificently fitted
up.
NATIONAL MUSEUM.
Tho National Museum and tho Na
tional School of Fine Arts were inspect
ed by our party In a body, as a portion
of the first day's Fight-seeing, after
which th'e visiting editors were given a
reception by President Diaz In the Na
tional Palace. The museum Is one ot
the great attractions with all strangers,
possf-sslng as It docs so many rare pre
histoilc relics of tho country. Among
these Is the wonderful "calendar stone,"
Hornotlmes also called the "stone of tho
sun." Thtn there is the "sacrlllcal
stone," upon which human victims
were once offered by the thousand,
stone Idols of the aborigines, and very
many interesting relics of the time of
the Montezumas, lone before tho ku
ropeans came to the country. Articles
associated with the later history of the
country, under the Spanish viceroys,
Maximilian and subsequent rulers are
shown In great profusion.
There was so little time to see the
large collection of fine paintings and
statuary in the National School of Fine
Arts that the visit was not as satlsfac
tory ns It might havo been. Mexico
boasts of somo great native artists and
many of their best works are shown
here, with several by Murlllo, Hubens
and Van Dyko. By special permission
our party was permitted to go through
this gallery after the regular hours for
the public.
PRESIDENT DIAZ.
The event of the day, however, was
the president's reception. The National
Palace, lu which are the president's of
fices and those of tho several depart
ments ot tho general government, occu
pies a whole square, onco the site of tha
royal halls of Montezumas, and later
the residences of the Spanish viceroys,
It has a frontago of 700 feet on the V.o
oalo, (another name for the Plaza
Mayor) but there is nothing palatial In
the appearance of the exterior, the
plain white walls of the low, massive
ctrUcture giving- no Idea of the hand
somely furnished halls inside). Among
the notables whose portraits adorn the
walls ot the magnificently furnished
hall of the ambassadors (which extends
nearly halt the length of tho entire
front of the building) Is a fine picture
of Washington.
Our party, after passing through
three large rooms of the palace, assem
bled In the fourth, wherd President
Diaz received them, coming1 In from
the fifth room. Althouch In his 67th
year, he appeared much younger. He
was droned In a plain black suit, wear
ing a Prince Albert Coat. When In full
military dress, ablaze with Jeweled
decorations but, an one writer has
said, "with not enough medals to cover
one apiece the scars that earned them"
this hero of more than Ufty battles
appears every Inch n soldier without a
doubt. He has a remarkably strong
face, nn eagle rye and a commanding
presence that will not soon fade from
the memory of one who had the privi
lege of meeting him. He Is well built.
:Stttfi-5
Zb&TCt lUri
a medium height, and Is as erect as the
typical Indian.
ESPIONAGE IN GEItMANY.
An Incident Illustrative of tho Dcg
ragntiou of Private Liberty.
One day, says Professor Thomas Da
vidson, In the April Forum, there dined
with me, In a public restaurant. In Ber
lin, an lived clergyman and his wife.
The former had occupied the same pul
pit for over forty years, had proved a
father to his parish, had been a leader
in many liberal movements, and In all
ways had served his country nobly;
while the latter had for the same
length of time been a very great bless
ing to her neighborhood for many
leagues around. In the course of con
versation I asked him how he felt
about tho emperor's policy. Before re
plying to me, he turned and looked
anxiously about him In all directions,
and then said: "If Fritz had lived ten
years longer, things would have been
different." When I asked, "Were you
looking about for anythlns:?" he said,
"No; but one never knows who may be
listening; and It would go hard with
me If It were known that I expressed
such opinions." To my surprise' I then
leurned that Berlin was full of spies of
all sorts, ready to catch, and report to
the authorities, the slightest word re
flecting unfavorably upon the emperor,
his family, or his actions; and that on
such reports many persons, especially
young men, had been seized by the
police and kept In prison for months-
one, because, in the heat ot discussion,
he had said the emperor was a Schafs
kopf! When 1 asked my guests what
they thoucht of such a system, they
looked mysterious and declined to re
ply. I afterward spoke of the matter to
several persons, who, whether from
fear or conviction I cannot tell, In
formed me that they thought It quite
right that the emperor, his family,
and actions should be above criticism,
and that he should enforce this rule. I
learned also afterward that the presi
dent of the Berlin Ethical society, a
man of eminent scientific attainments,
had been Imprisoned for three months
for venturing, In a public address, to
express views on socialism dlrterent
from those of the emperor, although he
did so without naming him. I could
not help feeling that the Germans were
paying dearly for their empire.
UE H KKY.
Why should a iMjrsou make himself a
nuisance? What gain U thero in (jrim
ness, and sourness, and unsociability'
Flw people caro to listen to whining and
complaint. On the whole, the world usaa
us aa well aB we deserve. It Is very ha.'d
for tho defeated to admit this, but It Is a
fact, nevertheless, and, If only admitted,
ono of the chief reasons for defeat ts re
moved. A cheerful philosophy U an lin
poitant element of success. Ho who Is
C.-rpetuolly suspecting others of 111 treat,
lng him and keeping him down Is not a
wclfomo companion. Every man is of
lesB Importance to the world around him
than he likes to think. But ho can eolty
test It by asking how much he hlni'Mt
dwells upon the condition of others. Hy
as much us their grievances do not parti
cularly concern him, by po much h!s own
are matters of Indlfferenco to them. So
let him bo pleasant, bury his sorrows,
rAlrt hl.1 nffrrtnt mnfn hlmsftlf jllfmft-
I able trUft l0 Providence and thankfully
take what comes. Zion'a Herald.
THE 1M.OI-HET.
Tormented by thirst of tho spirit
I was dragging myself through a gloomy
desert,
When a six-wlngtd seraph
At the cro,roAlii apitoarol U m.
With fingers light ft a dream
My eyes ho touched
And my oyea opened wlee,
Like tho.e of a frightened nho cagl.
My cars he touched,
And roaring and noise filled them;
And I heard the trembling of the heavens,
And tho high flight of tho angels,
And tho movement of the creatures be
neath tho sea,
And the growing of grass in the valleys!
And ho laid hold ot my lips,
And toro out my sinful tongue
Sinful, filvolous, and cunning;
And tho sting of a wise uorpont.
Between my unconscious lips,
With bloody right hiijd ho plants
And he cut through my bra?,t with a
sword,
And took out the trembling heyjrt,
And a coql blazing and Utimlpsr,
Into the open brenat he thfu!L
Like a corppe I lay In the desert,
And tho voice of God called mo;
Rise up, Prophet, and see, and under
stand! Filled full of My Will,
Golngforth over sea and land,
Set men's hearts afire with the Word,
A. 8, Pushkin.
The CamiadDae
Is Nearlog' a
'
Reasons Why Americans Should Keep a
Watch on the Jltics of the Dominion in
the Near Future
Front a report to tho Republican Club
of the City of New York by Colonel C.
H. Dcnlson.
The policy pursued by tho successive
governments of Canada from 1867, tin
year of the Confederation, up to the 2?u
of June, 1&3G, has culminated in a condi
tion of things that Is calling for great
changes in the seneral affairs of that
country.
The Conservative party, th.at by a
policy ot wholesale bribery nnd extrav
agant expenditure managed to retain
Its hold of ofllco from 1872 to 1S74, gov
erned Canada more as an appendase of
tho British Imperial system thun as a
Eelf-governing American colony. Great
expenditure was Incurred In the con
struction of railways for military pur
posesviz., the Intercolonial, from Hall
fax to Quebec, and tho Canadian Pac-
lflc, from Montreal to Vancouver, with
the avowed object ot consolidating tho
Imperial power and connection. These
railways were not called for by the de
velopment of the country, for as a mat
ter of fact the population of the terrl;
lory through which the Intercolonial
railway passei docs not Increase, and
between Vancouver and Sudbury, in
Ontario, a distance of over two thous
and five hundred miles, there Is only a
population of some COO.OOO scattered
along the line of the Canadian Paclllci
The cont of these two lines ts an Intol
erable burden on the Canadian people,
and all the effoits mado up to date to
Induce the settlement of tho regions
west of Lake Superior by emigrants from
Europe have resulted In failure." Tho
country between the Lake of the Woods
nnd Lake NIpIpplnE Is practically unfit
for profitable agricultural settlement.
With the disappearance of the pine and
other merchantable timber In the for
ests of northern Ontario and Quebec tho
means of subsistence of their population
also disappear. The climate Is unfa
vorable to agricultural operations in
general, and. nothing but their poverty
retnlns a large part of the population
on those northern lines. The slow In
crease of population, the Increasing debt
and taxation and the want of protltabla
outletsforthelragrlcultural and Indus
trial products combine to produce de
pression and discontent, which mani
fested itself lu June last In the decisive
overthrow of the Conservatives, and
the return of the Liberal party under
the lead cf Ho.i. Wilfred Laurler, the
first French -Canadian who has held
the position of' premier since Confedera
tion in 18G7.
INFLUENCES THE SAME.
But though there has been a change
in the title and personnel of tho gov
ernment at Ottawa, the Influences that
havo hitherto dominated every succes
sive government there, have by no
means lost their power; nnd though
the Hon. W. Laurler, during his elec
toral canvass, everywhere proclaimed
himself a Canadian first. last and all
the time, he found himself on succeed
ing to office under the necessity of sur
rounding himself with men ns col
leagues of whom some are strongly
Imperialistic In their tendencies.
Besides the weight of public debt
which presses so heavily on the Cana
dian people, the mortgage debt of the
Important province of Ontario Is a. seri
ous obstaclo to the prosperity of that
province. It contains two-fifths of the
total population of the dominion, con- I
sequently It has to bear a two-fifths '
share of the general debt. In addl-1
nun. uuuuiuuitf iu returns muue iu?t
yesr representing the operations of 89
loan Institutions up to the end of 1891,
obliged by their charters of Incorpora
tion to make such returns to the On
tario provincial government, there
was a mortgage debt on the farms and
real estate of Ontario of 5115.C92.SC9.
The amount In 187 was $75,494,903. But
over and above this there were chattel
mortjrageH on record on Dec. 31, 1891,
to the amount of $10,603,393. of which
$3,378,079 was on farmers' stock, etc.,
the rest being on the stock and effects
of tradosmen and private lndividuols.
It Is estimated that the amount loaned
by those companies not making re
turns and by private individual
would show a total mortgage debt
Ontario of not less than $200,000,"
In the province of Quebec, the Roir
Catholic church having by law a fl
charge on all lands cultivated n
owne-d by Its adherents for tithes a"
certain other charges, constitutes p
Itself a permanent mortgage lmnof
with the assent of tho British goven
ment at the time Canada passed ui
der the control of Great Britain. Bir
ai the church Is not required to mak
public Its revenues, there Is no possi
bility of estimating the amount th
people are compelled to contribute fo
church purposes. That they nre ver
largo may be gathered from the fa i
that the Catholic church in the prov
ince of Quebec has large surplus revi
nues to Invest In tram lines and othei
enterprises In the United States. In
addition to this burden, the provincial
government has oieated debt to the
amount of $32,000,000. The population
of the province of Quebec 3 about
three-tenths of tho total dominion
population. None of the provinces nre
exempt from debt in one form or an
other. The country as a whole is
practically in a bankrupt condition,
and Its population almost at a stand
still, If not act.i.'Jly diminishing. Emi
gration more than counterbalances the
Immigration, and many thousands of
persons cross the frontier every work
ing day Into the United States to eni
the living they cannot find In Cana.
Thl3 Is to the prejudice of un eq
number of Americans who nre the
by deprived of a living, nnd con
tutes a question for tho conslderat
of this government.
TWO CURRENTS.
I,t was ne,cisary to go Into the above
dPUH In order to explain thereby the
two currents dolly gaining strength In
Canada, one for Independence and the
other for Continental Union or Annexa
tion. It Is true there Is a party, al
ready alluded to, In favor of maintain
ing und consolidating the Imperial co
llection; but It is a party more no'
than numerous. It however has.thro'
th'e apathy and ignorance of the n
of the people, suoceaded In acqui.
a decided control ot the affaire of
country. Thto power, huwever, is
the wane, aa, the. poopVe have begun to
roalliie that it l,to that party they owe
their present depressed condition.
It l: this party, made up of the United
Empire. Loyalists, the. cV stendants of
the Tories of the War of tho Revolu
tion, the Orangemen, the Sons of Eng
land, and other politico-social deniza
tions, that Is novv puttlnif ,forth all Its.
strength to hinder any establishment
of Intlma'te commercial." or political rela
tions with tho United Slates, and that
la responsible for the harsh Interpre
QtLuestfloe
CrisiSo' ' '
tations of tho fishery and other laws
and regulations that a'fect American
fishermen In Canadian waters. It la
this party that ha Inaugurated tho
policy of armaments In Cuuada and of
fortifications alonr the frontier from
Quebec to Vancouver, and for Its own
puipbse would, If It could, restore direct
lirltWi iiile In Cu inula. It Is equally
opposed to Canadian Independence or
the Commercial or .Political union of
Canada and the United States. But aa
has been said before, Its power Is on
the wane, for it iias been found to bo
too entirely selfirhilu Its pirns and Indif
ferent to tho national, welfare of Can
uda. . ii, ,
Tho governmcnti -.undj people of tho
United States cannot afford to continue
Indifferent to tho movements now go
ing on In Canada.
TIME FOR ACTION.
Tho time has, In fact, arrived when It
becomes necessary to consider the best
policy to be followed by the American
people and government towards Can
ada, There uro advocates In Canada of
a policy of concilatlon and attraction,
and advocates 'of a more or less coercive
policy, pacifically but firmly anolled.
Those In favor of a conciliatory policy
argue that for the United States to
adopt a policy of non-luteicoursc would,
tend to throw those who control Can
adian affairs Into tho nrms of the party
that Is antagonistic to Contlnentallstn
or Americanism and favors Imperial
ism. They therefore ask for a general
concesflon of commercial reciprocity
from the United States. They, how
ever, refram, from saying how far they
are prepared to go In' adopting th
American tariff as against oountrleB
outside the American continent. It
would Hetni as though they desired all
the advantages of both Contlnentnllsin
and Imperialism while avoiding Unking
themselves too Intimately with either.
Had the Canadian people, through
their government, duflng tho last thirty
odd years displayed a generally friend
ly and neighborly spirit towards the
American people there might be some
thing to urge on hoh.ilt of a policy of
generosity nnd conciliation, but the re
verse has been tho case. Their press
and legislation have been ganerally un
friendly, nnd not tending to the estab
lishment ot nelghboily relations. It
d es not appear, therefore, that tho
Canadian people are entitled to the con
sideration asked for on their behalf
while they tolerate such exhibitions of
sentiment.
, Why Shb Wni .Tubllhnt.
There was a vivaili'iH rmllo on her
face which wus most wlnsumv..
"Oh, dear me," she murmured happily,
"I've Just gotten such a bargain!"
"How, dear?'' Inquired her friend.
"I sent a telegram, only a quarter for
ten words, and at least six of them woro
words of more than three syllablesl"
Washington Star.
Under the Huso.
Mr. Ennlcott There's a lot of steamer
trunks piled out conspicuously in front of
Mrs. Sllmpockot's house waiting for tlio
expiessman. What does that mean?
Mrs. Ennlcott (with scorn) It means
that she's going down to her uncle's farm
to spend the summer. Chicago Record.
FOB l.1TcR1 L AND HXT ML USE.
CURES ANU rnSVEXTS
Colds, Coughs, Pore Throat, Influenzal Bron
chitis, Pneumonia, Spelling of the Joint,
Lambano, Inflammations.
HATICffl
Hiniauiiii nuuiinuuinj
FR03TB.TES, CMLUMNS, HcADACHE,
TOOTHVCHE, STiMA.
DIFFCULT BREVTHING.
CURES THE WORST PAINS In from
ono to twenty minutes. NOT ONE HOUR
after reading this 'advertisement need any
one SUFFER WITH PAIN.
Umlway's nrady Relief Is a Sure Cure for
livery Pain. Sprains, Uruiscs.Pa us In the
Back. Cucst ur Limb. It was the first
and Is th i only PAIN KbMCDV
That Instantly Mops tho most excri-iatlnir
iialns, allays Inflammation, and cures Con
gestions, whether of the Lungs, Stomach,
nowels. or other elands or organs, by on
implication.
A half to a tenspoonful In half a tumbler
of water v,ll In a few minutes cur
Cramps. Spasms, Sour Stomach. Heart
burn. Nervousness. Sleeplcssnoss, Sick
Headache. Diarrhea. Dysentery, Colic,
Flatulency and all IntTial pains.
There Is not a rei'.i'llal agent in ths
world that will cure T i-er aid Ague nnd
nil other Malarious, Bullous and other
fevers, aided by RADWAY'S PILLS, so
quickly as RADWAY'S READY RELlfclF.
Fifty csnts per bottle. Sold by Uruczlsts.
RADWAY & CO.,
55 Elm Street, New York,
ASKrofeTREB?aaETQN
i:
GIVES Tim
TIiGHTBVOR
FOR SALE BY THE
ATLANTIC REFINING CO
SCRANTON STATION.
TUoo iJiit Cupaulo UV-
GbIm tod Inlrcilous fall, -'
0 Ilk Ok
mKm
K nS
ImE
1
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