8
THE SCTJANT02-: TRIBUNE SATUJ1D AY MOUjHTNG-, FEBRUARY 27, 1807.
0ocJ22ooo
GROVBR
The Secoed AdlmtaSstratloe
Of G rover Cleveland.
Important Eyeirts
American History
From tho Philadelphia Times,
In the future aires a Tacitus or a
Hallam will tult the story of tin; Amor
lean people, and not the least Interest
ing chapter of that history will ho the
narrative of the political and social
events of the second administration of
Grover Cleveland as president of the
United States. This country as yet has
known no more stormy administration
in the time of peace since that of
Jackson, If then. In Uuchannn's time
the scene was thrilling, but there was
a single string to harp upon then.
Pnrty spirit wns as rampant in drain's
time, but there was only a single is
sue then.
Now there is not only party spirit
but faction, and faction as pronounced
as that developed at Charleston In
1SG0.
It would bo dliilcult to determine nt
this reading which is "paramount" in
our politics foreign affairs or domestic
policies. Suddenly tho Monroe doc
trine has become as prominent as tho
tariff question, and the currency prob
lem scarce precedes the plan of gen
eral arbitration of International dis
putes. Indeed, it sometimes seems as
though the world has lived longer since
the siege of Sebastopol than it had
lived from the Held of Hastings to the
field of Waterloo.
The following is a brief review of the
chief events of a legislative, adminis
trative and social nature that have en
gaged the attention of the American
people since March 4, 1S93:
In 1S9." President Cleveland convened
congress in extraordinary session Aug
ust 7. His message to the two houses
was confined to the one subject the
currency, or coinage. He strenuously
recommended the repeal of the pur
chasing clause of the act of July It,
1S90, known ife the Sherman silver law,
under the terms of which the treasury
was required to purchase 4,500,000
ounces of silver bullion every month,
paying the market price therefore, and
Issuing in payment thereof treasury
notes of the United States.
A bill to that effect was promptly re
ported and provoked a most acrimoni
ous debate in the house of representa
tives. The Democrats in congress were
torn by faction and the Republicans
were not united. Under the operation
of a special order reported from the
committee on rules, the house passed
the bill and It went to the senate for
concurrence. In the latter body It was
debated for weeks, during which time
many proposals of compromise were
made and all rejected, and on Novem
ber 1 the president had the satisfaction
of approving a bill embodying his sug
gestions. It was the llrst and the la3t
time he has had that satisfaction dur
ing his present tenure, wheie the legis
lation involved a political issue of a
financial nature.
A few weeks later congress mot in
regular session. The ways and means
committee early reported the tariff
legislation known as the Wilson bill.
After one of the most brilliant debates
in the annals of congress, the measure,
amended by the incorporation of the
income tax feature, passed the house,
early in February, 1S94. It wns ex
haustively debated in the senate and
radically amended. Finally, in the
August following, it became a law
without the approval of the executive.
It satisfied neither the doctrinaire nor
the opportunist, nnd never had a real
friend. Uefore It was a year old the
Supremo court decided the income tax
featuie unconstitutional, and so the
treasury wan deprived of large reve
nues expected to be derived from that
source.
In 1893 the fund of gold in the Treas
ury reserved for the redemption of the
United States notes fell below the $100,
000,000 mark, and the Treasury issued
$jO,000,000 ten-year 5 per cent, bonds,
dated February 1, 1S94. They realized
to the government $58,033,293 in gold.
In November folowing another Issue of
like amount of the same class of bonds
was made, which realized to the Treas
ury $38,538.50 in gold. In February, 1893,
the redemption fundi was again de
pleted and the administration deter
mined to replenish tho gold reserve.
To that end a contract was made with
a syndicate of bankers, under the terms
of which 3,500,000 ounces of gold coin
were purchased and for which United
States four per cent, thirty-year bonds
were paid amounting to the sum of
$02,315,400, The American congress has
rarely presented a more dramatic scene
than when tho message of the president
announcelng that $10,000,000 of Interest
could bo saved by making the bonds
read "gold" was read by the clerk. The
proposition was scornfully rejected.
Another sale of $100,000,000 of 4 per
cent, thirty-year bonds was made
through popular subscriptions Invited
lu January, 1S9C. The total amount of
bonds issued since March 4, 1893, for
the protection of the gold reserve
TWO VICTIMS OF
1 . S-"
n" s.u- n- -wrv3
Jpflf&t of mmf
;OOCO oo"
CLEVELAND
That Have Punctuated
Since March 4, 1393,
amounts to $202,315,100, for which the
Treasury received $293,-i51,2S0.74 In
gold.
When Congress met In regular session
in December the fall elections had re
sulted in an overwhelming victory for
the Republicans. Faction was busy In
the Democratic ranks In both the Sen
ate and the House. The administration
could scarce muster a score of support
ers In the two chambers. The bond
sales were assailed with a virulence un
precendented in debate since recon
struction was the Issue. The silver
men declared that as long as the gold
standard of value was adhered to' the
money chancers could force a sale of
bonds whenever it was to their Inter
est to do so; the sound money Repub
licans, while not condemning the policy
of the Secretary of the Treasury, de
clared that It was rendeied necessary
solely by reason of the fact that tho
new tariff law had not provided suffi
cient revenue to meet the current ex
penses of tho trovernment, while the
admlnistiatlon forces took the position
that as lontr ns the currency known
as "greenbacks" and "Sherman notes"
wns outstanding the Treasury would be
raided of Its gold whenever it became
profitable to export elsewhere. Not
since tho days of the great Jacksonlan
battles In Congress, the days of Clay,
Webster, Calhoun, Benton, Wright,
Walker and Kvans, has a more exhaus
tive debate been had on the llnanclal
question than during the three sessions
of this Congress. Nothing was done.
Faction took care of that. Attempts to
retorm the banking system were
laughed at.
The Fifty-fourth congress convened
In regular session December 2, 1S95, and
on the 2Gth day of that month, an
emergency tariff measure, known as
the Dingloy bill, passed the house of
representatives. It was to remain in
force until August, 1S9S, and urovId.nl
for additional revenues by duties on
wool and sugar. It also made a hori
zontal Increase of duties in over a
dozen other schedules. In the senate
the finance committee reported a sub
stitute for the bill providing for tho
free coinage of gold and sliver at the
mints at the ratio of 1C to 1. Thus the
issue was made for the approaching
political campaign.
The house also passed a bill provid
ing for the sale of bonds to secure gold
to protect the redemption fund of the
treasury.
The history made by the stnte de
partment during the past four years Is
even more dramatic than the financial
legislation of congress or the llnanclal
policy of the administration. One of
tho Hist nct.s of the new president wns
to withdraw from the senate the treaty
of annexation negotiated with the
revolutionary government of Hawaii.
Mr. Blount, of Georgia, was sent to the
islands with some sort of commission
enjoining him to make a special report
to the president. Acting on that re
port, Mr. Cleveland appointed the Hon.
Albert S. Willis, of Kentucky, the
American representative ut Honolulu
with instructions to restore the deposed
Queen Llluoknlanl to the throne on
condition that she agreed to pursue a
certain line of policy. This she flatly
refused to do, and Mr. Willis thence
forth dealt with the revolutionary gov
ernment. Spirited debates were had
In both houses of eonsress over this
matter, nnd at one time It seemed ns
though the Hawaiian question would
he n leading issue in the campaign of
1S9G.
The award of the Paris tribunal call
ed to adjudicate the dispute between
the United States and .-Great Britain
over the seal fisheries of Behrlng Sea,
was a diplomatic and legal victory for
the latter country. However, that is a
matter for further negotiation be
tween the two nationalities.
The proposed subsidy to the Mariti
me company, Incorporated by Nlcg
agua for the construction of a canal
acre ss Central America, whereby the
waters of the east and west may be
.'clned, has been before congress In one
shape or other dtfing the who'" of t'io
administration, an'l is llkelv to be bo
fo'e concress durl it the whole of th.
next administration.
During tho past four years conven
tions have been concluded with foreign
states adjusting various matters.of in
ternational concern, such us the Vene
zuela claims, extradition with I'.usslu,
universal postal union, extrndltion with
Norway, Newfoundland postal agree
ment, Mexican water boundary, Brit
ish .sealing iiuin3, agreement with
Russia as to fur seals and others.
"When Consress convened In Decem
ber, 1895, the President In his annual
message asserted the Monroe doctrine
with a force and vigor that no other of
our executives has equaled. The
boundary dispute between Venezuela
and British Guiana was the. text of
tills phase of the message, and for
many days there was given appre
MOVING DAY.
- Q Q c o
MRS. CLEVELAND.
hension of war between the two groat
Kngllsh-ppenUIng people. Army and
navy ciicles were delighted, while
stock exchanges were In gloom. Con
gress promptly passed a bill creating
tho Venezuela boundary commission,
which held its meetings In Washington
and collected a great mnss of testimony
bearing on the subject. The commiss
ion is composed of very eminent citi
zens with one of the Justices of the
Supreme Judiciary at Its head. Fortu
nately, hold Salisbury recognized that
tho Monroe doctrine, so-called, was the
conception of one of the most brilliant
statesmen England ever produced, and
after some preliminary questions had
been settled, the British Minister agreed
to arbitrate the dispute. A trlbuinl
will shortly be created for that pur
pose. In March. 1590, attorn virulent debate
the House of Representatives adopted a
resolution censuring Thomas F. Bay
ard. American Ambassador to the
Court of He. James, for public utter
ances of his in England.
In June, 1S95, the President Issued a
proclamation announcing civil distur
bances in the Island of Cuba, and de
claring the neutrality of the United
States In the struggle between the Cu
ban Insurgents and the Spanish Crown,
Since then Cuba has been a fruitful
theme of debate In both houses of Con
gress, but no definite action has yet
been had.
The State department has conclu led
a convention with Great Britain where
by it is agreed to arbitrate the dis
agreement over the boundary line be
tween Alaska and British Columbln.
This became a matter of grave Import
when It was ascertained that the title
to immense regions of gold-bearing ter
ritory was Involved,
In January, 1S9G, congress expressed
abhorrence of the" Armenian outrages
with which the powers of Europe have
had so much difficulty in dealing.
Perhaps the most Important work of
the State department during the ad
ministration Is a treaty providing for
the general arbitration of all Interna
tional disputes, negotiated with Great
Britain, now pending in the senate.
During tho summer of 1S91 there
were the most founldable and exten
sive labor disturbances In the city of
Chicago the country has known since
the great labor liots of 1S77. Early in
July the president Issued his procla
mation commanding unlawful assem
blies in Illinois to disperse. The fol
lowing day he supplemented It with
another proclamation particularising
such unlawful assemblies ns were then
obstructing United States malls and
Inter-State commerce, and command
ing them to dispel se. To enforce his
proclamation he oidercd a .post of the
regular army in Chicago, and the pres
ence of the troops had the desired ef
fect. The t,.jvernor of Illinois resented
tills action of the president, and it be
came a very Important issue in the
campaign of 1S0C.
In Jaiunuy, 189G, the president Issued
a proclamation in conformity to an act
of congress creating Utali a state of
the Union.
In February, 1S9 1, tho president ap
proved the act repealing tho various
acts commonly called the Federal Elec
tion laws. Probably it was the clos
ing scene of the great drama that
opened In 1801.
During the present administration
the World's Fair was hold in Chicago.
It was universally recognised as tho
gieativst event of an industrial nature
created by modern civilisation. It was
followed by the California .Mid-Winter
exposition, at San Francisco, end by
the Southern exposition, at Atlanta.
In the near future the Tennessee Cen
tennial exposition will be htld at Nash
ville. Very extensive additions have tieen
made to tho navy the past four years,
and today this country Is a first-class
navul power. A detailed statement of
these additions would lie quite tedious.
Great improvements have also been
made lu barber nnd const defenses.
But thes latter Involve secrets known
only to engineers.
Under several orders of the president
8,181 placc3 In the public service have
been affected by the extension of the
civil service rules since March 4, 1893.
In May, 1891, occurred time comedy
that was suggestive of the greatest of
tragedies the Coxoy Invasion. It
might have had momentous conse
quences. November, 1S93, tho president ap
proved the Chinese exclusion act,
known as the Geary law.
The centennial of tho laying of the
cornerstone of tho cnpltol building was
appropriately commemorated Septem
ber IS. 1S93.
Several attempts have been made to
adjust the relations of the government
to the Central and Union Pacific rail
roads, but all proved futile. Steps aie
now being taken to enforce the govern
ment Hen.
NO LOWICil KTltAYA.
From tho Now York Sun.
We luivo no "lower strata" in our socie
ty; no social gradations which are fixed
and unchangeable, and therefore proper
ly so deslgnablo,
Was Abraham Lincoln In a "lower
stratum?" Ho was tho son of n pool
carpenter In Kentucky, a nailer feeble
and shiftless man, und In thn rough In
diana nelghboihood to which the family
moved "there was absolutely nothing,"
J '-'
said Lincoln, "to er.clte ambition for edu
cation." Tho boyhood and youth of this
gieat man weie passed amid surroundings
of far greater hardship than those which
are now about tho "lower strata." Ills
home was comfortless, and only the
plainest furo wns obtained by the fami
ly, and not any too much of thnt. Food
and conveniences which the poorest of
the New Voile poor now regard as neces
saries for civilised people, were unknown
to Abraham Lincoln up to the time when
be reached munhood; and long afterward
he lived a life of deprivation greater
I ban that of the people for whom clap
trap newspapers are getting up soup
bouses in New York. He was a "hired
man," a rnil-splltter, a hand on a flat
boat, a clerk In a little country store.
Lincoln had a linrd time of it, a terribly
hard time; but lie did not squeal out
"that the people have done almost noth
ing for the lower strata." He did not
want to be boosted up by philanthropy;
but got up by his own struggles, n.id
would have resented as nn Insult any
suggestion that his "stratum ' was so
low that he needed to be lifted out of It
by mnlu force exerted by other people.
The experience of Abraham Lincoln
was the experience of the gieat mass of
the people of this country at that time.
They did not waste their time In fretting
over the hardships of their lot. They en
duied them and went to work to improve
them. From thise stout, self-reliant, vali
ant souls sprang tho stock which now
gives vigor to this country and makes
It unconquerable.
TIIK TUIUiUPII or justici:.
It Was Tardy, hut It Overtook This
Kansas Bnunuc Smasher at Last.
From the Kansas City Journal.
Station Agent Cotton, of the Missouri
Pacific at Ottawa, lias probably been
thoroughly cured of the habit of tossing
trunks around as though he had a gruge
against their owners. For several weeks
Mr. Cotton's wife had been visiting
with her mother In Missouri. She came
home the other day without announcing
her coming, and when her husband was
jerking baggage out of the car onto a
depot truck lie had no suspicion that
any of It belonged to his family.
"Here is a heavy one," said the bag
gageman, as he trundled a big trunk
to the door.
"I should say so," responded Cotton,
as he tugged at the trunk and edged It
along where it would slide down on the
truck. "Durn the cuss, anyway, who
tries to put a freight car load into one
piece of baggage!" with which he vici
ously toppled the trunk over and let it
fal with a smash on tiie platform.
That night the first tiling his wife
said to him after her kiss of welcome
was: "Now, Tom, make the drayman
handle my trunk awful careful, for It
Is filled with fruit jars, which mamma
put up for us."
The next morninsr despair had its
abiding place In the Cotton family, for
it was discovered that the trunk which
Tom had smashed belonged to his wife,
and no less than forty-two fruit Jars
hnd been broken and their contents
spilled, while Mrs. Cotton's blue silk
waist, which she had taken along to
make the Missouri girls feel envious,
wns nothing1 less than a sight to be
hold. :i:?;ius an'? insamtv.
So Widely Disparate That Wo Aro
.Vol Justified ill Saying They Are
Allied.
From the Popular Selenco Monthly.
It Is true that between famous men
the so-called geniuses and the Insane
many resemblances may be traced.
Nevertheless, they are, as we have
seen, mere leseinblnncos, not real af
finities. Just as every symptom of
mental dlseas" has its analogue In
health, so lias it also an analogue in
genius. But owing to the entire
mental action being higher in the aver
age men, the states analogous to mor
bid symptons heio come oue more
markedly. Genius resembles insanity
as gold resembles brass. The similar
ity is merely In nppenranee. When we
go deeper Into the facts we find the two
states so wide)!' dlspniate that wo are
not justified in saying that they are
allied; still less, with Morenu, that gen
ius is a morbid condition.
Finally, let the fact bo considered
that most of the great men, both in
art and in science, were misunderstood
by their contemporaries-, nnd were only
appreciated af'cr they were dead. In
recognition of H1I3 truth, Goothe pro
nounces that a genius Is in touch with
his century only by virtue of his de
fects, nnd in so far as he shares the
weakness of his times. The genius of
the truly great man outstrips, with
Its great wing strokes, tho rest of the
flock. Those who cannot keep up with
him cannot comprehend him. They
are puzzled at first, and finally set him
down as a. fool. In short, they con
found genius and insanity.
KOI.Alt UCLII'SK COMINCi.
One of the two annular eclipses of tho
sun will tfiU year taku place on Mon
day, February 1 nest, nut, as tho begin
ning ot tho eclipse occurs only a few min
utes befoie buntsct, and tho last contact a
few minutes after the sun has sunk be
low tho horizon, it will bo barely visible
'11 Scranton, According to tho Phlhuki.
iihla Lodger, tho path of the annular
ecilpso uwuepa across the northern part
of South America and the South Paclllc
ocean, and Just grazes tho northern ex
tiemlty of New Zealand, ending at sun
rise about midway between that island
and Australia, For the few people In
tho track ot the annular appearance tho
sun will shine as u golden circle aiound
iho 1110011.
SONS OP NASSAU
DINE AND SING
Concluded from Pasc 0.
Cambridge. There was, he said, In this
country a vast field for the scholastic
lawyer and Jurist, men of combined
literal y and lesal attainments, but of
whom wo have but one real representa
tive, Judge Oliver Weinlol llolmea, of
Massachusetts, son"of the author ot
that name. He was u literary judicial
scientist.
A Hchool of historical and philosoph
ical Jurinpiudence wns what Dr. Patten
hoped for. The United States unlike
England is sr.dly In ncctl' ot men who
In times of crisis enn grapple with
weighty Internal or International top
ics nnel reach conclusions that will lie
received as absolutely correct judg
ment. He cited as Instances, fhe llnan
clal question, the policy Indicated In tho
proposed animation treaty. Men no
sclioolod would shape policies which In I
tlila piiiiTtiinHmi i,ori..fi wmii,inni i...
velop hatted or war with' another conn
try which to us Is one In blood, in law,
In language. In llteiature, In tellglon.
BATTLE FLAG BE FURLED.
Dr. Patten's hope for a higher juris
prudence was an accompaniment ot the
new era when, ns had been written, "the
war drums should throb no longer and '
the battle hag be fulled." i
The first endowment for such a chair I
had boon made by Mr. McCormlck. H
consisted of $100,0CO and wiis accom
panied by the mandate that the first
occupant .should be the donor's class
mate. Professor Woodrow "Wilson, Ph.
D LL. D.
Dr. Patten concluded in the midst of
applause, that was loud and long con
tinued nnd he u moment later arose and
bowed his acknowledgement to the uni
versity yell.
H. A. Fuller '74, of WllUes-Barre, In
lespondlng to tho toast, "Del Sub Lu
mlne Viget," was extremely witty. Ho
kept his hearers convulsed with laugh
ter during the ten minutes lie occupied
In telling w by he had not prepared a
speech. Dr. Patten, Dr. MeLeod nnd
tho otheis who add "D. D." to their
names, lost their gravity and molted
under such a speech as might have been
made on one of the jovial nights In
years gone by.
W. E. Plumley '70, of tilts city, re
sponded to "The Old and the New."
His effort was a brief but thoughtful
dlsseration on the high moral and
broader Intellectual tour of the new
Nassau. Its leaning was more and
more toward a nobler manhood nnd a
belter citizenship.
II. II. Welles, jr., '82, ot Wilkc-s-Barre,
had been asked to respond to the toast
"Tho Tiger," a few moments before en
teilng the dining room and lie made
that his excuse tor his bt let comment
upon the university's prowess.
MR. GUNSTER'S RESPONSE.
"The Younger Alumni" was the toast
to which W. VI. Gunster '91, of tills city,
responded. His remarks were in refer
ence to the disposition of the younger
clement to perpetuate the feeling of
college pride and be its faithful aid.
The oldest graduate in this region is
Rev. Dr. H. H. Welles, '44, of Wilkes
Barre, who in his response to the toast
"Princeton Seminary" talked In a rem
iniscent way of President John Mac
Lean, deceased, and of the old. halls
and times. His remarks were heartily
applauded.
The songs of the evening were the
Triangle song, "New Jers-e-e," "The
Orange and the Black," "The Pope '
and "Old Nassau."
It was 11 o'clock when the dinner
ended.
INDUSTRIOUS LACKAWANNA LADS.
Full Ilcunto for Labor Allowed on tho
Reformatory Hill.
Lackawanna's bill from the Hunting
don reformatory for 1S97 wns received
yesterday by the county commission
ers from the managers of the institu
tion, Samuel McCamant, A. G. Morris
and Alexander Post. It amounts to
SG51.90, which represents 2,173 days
maintenance at SO cents a day. Credit
Is given for JG5.19 for labor performed
by the Lackawanna Inmates. This
shows that all our colony at this Insti
tution worked steadily, ns the full re
uate of 10 per cent, is given.
There are at present eight bovfl from
this region In the reformatory, not
counting Charles Burke, the little col
01 ed lad sent there Wednesday. These
eight are Albert Gurd, William Joyce,
Joseph Solloz, John Noiton, August
Sehultz, Jacob Smith, John Green and
George Traub.
DATE HAS BEEN CHANGED.
Grand Council of Young Men's Insti
tute Will Meet I.ust of August.
A special session of the board of
grand directors of the Young Men's In
stitute of the Pennsylvania jurisdic
tion was held In this city yesterday in
the rooms of John Boyle O'Reilly coun
cil, No. 134, situated In the old Second
National Bank building.
There weie present P. II. Gllleran,
Carbondfile, grand president; M. J. Kel
ly, Pittsburg, grand secretary; C, B.
Adams. Altoona, :;rand treasurer; W.
II. Gillespie, Plttsliuig, grand lecturer
and organir.er, and the following mem
bers of the directorate; M. J. Donahoe,
Scvnnton, president; J. J. Keough, Njw
York city; J. V. McDonald, Carbondnle;
T. I". McCormlck, Forest City: Ilobert
R. O'Boyle, Scranton; T. J. Carroll,
Scranton.
The session was called by the cliair
man of the board of grand directors,
M. J. Donahoe, for tho purpose of con
sidering the udvisabllity of changing
the date of the state convention sched
uled fo'r May, In PhPadelphla. The
Philadelphia societies and others
throughout the state believe It would be
better to hold the convention in Sep
tember, which lias been the customary
time for holding It and made reriuests
upon the '.card of grand directors to
rescind Its action in changing the time
I j-CJJjSi? n Larccit pactoscBXtru value. bolu everywhere. Mulu unfy by s
WusiiJPovasr.P THE N- k. faifibank company,
ITOijmu., culccg0i Bt l, New York Bssiou, 1'tilladelphlo.
to May. This wns done and Atlg. 30, 31
nnd Sept. 1 fixed as the time for the
1R07 session.
The directors were In session yester
day from .1 o'clock until fl.30. in addi
tion to dealing with the convention date
they transacted considerable routine
business. In tho evening the visiting
mouthers of the board were Informally
entertained by their local brethren.
FACTORYVILLE A1AN TOUCHED.
Two Woll-llrcsocd Slrittigois,
lie
SnvR, Picked His JMiekot.
Tavern Keeper D. L. Howell, of Fnc
tcryville, came to town last night In
quest cf two chaps, who, he claimed,
played lilm sharp to the tune of $33
yesterday afternoon.
About 2 o'clock, he says, two well
dressed strangers came to his place and
engaged him to drive them to Dalton,
a distance of two and one-half miles.
He wanted to send one of his men
along, but they insisted on having him
for their driver, and after some pro-
testing gave In and agreed to go along,
Arrived nt Dalton they tendered him n
$3 hill In payment for the ride.
When he tectched for his pocket
book to make change lie discovered
that lie was moneyless, but supposing
he had left his wallet at home, thought
nothing of It and after changing the
live dollars In a saloon and pocketing
$3 of it for his pay, returned home.
Arrived there he forthwith looked for
his pocketbook. but It was not be found
In any of the places that lie was wont
to secrete it.
This set him to thinking and before
he had thought to any great extent ho
recalled for certain that ho had the
pocketbook with him In his trousers
pocket wh.cn he started out to drive the
well dressed strangers to Dalton. It
did not take much more thought to
convince him that they had picked his
pocket, and so sure was ho of It that
lie came on to Scranton hoping to run
across them.
He described them to tho police at
headquarters as follows: One of them
wns (! feet high, slim, dark visaged,
with black hair and mustache, and
wore a dark brown overcoat. The oth
er was 5 feet S Inches tall, heavy set,
light complexion, clean shaven and at
tired in brown overcoat and dark
trousers.
COMPULSORY EDUCATION.
From the Philadelphia Ledger.
It Is to be' hoped that the legislature
will speedily coireet the defects ot the
present compulsory education uct eo that
It niny be executed without further fric
tion. The state has been rather slow in
enforcing the attendance of children at
school. Many states had adopted com
pulsory education statutes long before our
legislature was prevailed upon to enact
tho law of ISO.j. The experience of thos.0
states can be drawn upon in revising the
existing Pennsylvania law. It Is very in
expedient to keep laws on the statute
book which, for any reason, have become
a dead letter. The compulsory education
law should, therefore, ho made enforcea
lily by revision or repealed entirely. Pub
lic opinion, It Is believed, is ripe for the
acceptance of an efllelent law of this
character, and the legislature will doubt
less respond to the public desire. The
Pennsylvania law is not as rigorous in
some of its details as the enactments of
the other states. It exacts sixteen weeks'
attendance of all children from S to Vo
years of age.
0
A number of the states exact twenty
weeks' attendance. Tho age limit varies
considerably, with the maximum age
higher than Pennsylvania In most of the
states. The penalty for non-attendance
is fiulte low under our law. It Is $2 for
the first offence and .?." for each subse
riuent offence. These aro the maximum
tlgures. In Maine the maximum fine is
$25; Vermont, $10 to $30; Massachusetts,
$20 for each offence; Nevada, first of
fence, $r0 to $100; subsequent offence,
$100 to $200. No state Imposes a lower
maximum fine than Pennsylvania. In
certain states lino or Imprisonment Is th?
alternative. In New York the Imprison
ment alternative Is fixed at thirty days.
The only states which have found it ex
pedient to adopt this severe alternative
aro New York, New Mexico and Montana.
Connecticut's statute Is peculiar In tha
110 line is exacted unless school attend
ance is neglected for a week. From ,1110
last leport of 'he Federal commissioner
of education .11 appears that to .March.
1891, twenty-seven states and territories
had compulsory attendance laws In ope
ration. A majorltv of the states now
have compulsory attendance enactments,
and In course of time such legislation will
be universal In this country.
o
For many years past compulsory edu
cation st'itc.tes have been enforced 111
Europe. Austria requires children to at
tend school until they have acquired cer
tain prescribed subjects. In France four
absences of half a day In a month are,
upon tho third offence, punishable by
both lino and Imprisonment. Prussia ex
acts an attendance of eight years for all
children from ! to IS years of age. Prus
sia Is commonly supposed to bo more
rigorous than any other lluropean coun
try in her educational requirements, but
the penalties for non-attendance are not
very onerous as to lines. The line Is 70
cents, maximum; but on failure to pay
tiie tine there may be an imprisonment
of three days. In fact, the non-atteml-anee
lines nie small In all European coun
tries. In Italy the compulsory school ago
is from 11 to ! years only, and the non-attendance
eynetlons are from 10 cents to
2, according to locality. The Saxony
school age limit Is from 7 to lu years, but
another year's attendance Is required If
the child Is 'ignorant." In Kngland, by
the law of 1SS0, children from 5 to 18
years old must attend School during the
full term. The penalties for the Infrac
tion of the law are determined by local
laws, and vary greatly. The Federal
commissioner of education says the prin
ciple of compulsory education Is steudlly
gaining ground lu the United States. The
discussion of thirty years or more lias
been gradually silencing opposition, and
public sentiment is slowly crystallzlng In
the direction of requiring by law a cer
tain minimum of school Instruction for
children.
THK TKUTIl WKI.I, STATKD.
From the Tunkhnnnoek Republican.
The American people aiu disgusted with
reading, day nfur day, accounts of the
butchtry of tho Cubans by tho blood
thirsty Spaniards, and are becoming a
tiille out of patience with tho United
States government that it does not take
some ftep which will put a veto on such
Inhuman outrages in a countiy but a step
from us.
(5MMJJ
FOIl
La Krlppj is epidemic In nearly all
pniis of America.
That It Is not so fatal ns In 1889 Is
laiticly due to the universal use of
Dr. Humphreys' "77," the only Specific
ever discovered for the prevention and
cure of Grip,
Taken early, cut it short prompty.
Taken during its prevalence, pre
occupies the system and prevents its
invasion.
Taken while suffering, relief is
speedy and cure certain.
"77" cures stubborn COLDS that
"hang on" and do not yhld to treat
ment. Relieves in a few hours
cures in a few days.
Dr. Humphreys' Homeopathic Manual
of Diseases at your Druggists or Mailed
Free.
A smnll bottle of pleasant pellets, nts
your vest pocket. Sold by druggists, or
sent on receipt of 23 cents, or live for $1.
Humphreys' .Med. Co., Cor. William and
John Sts., Now York.
RAILROAD COMPANY.
PERSONALLY CONDUCTED TOURS
MATCHLESS IN GVURY FEATURE.
CALIFORNIA.
Tour to CALIFORNIA and the PACI
FIC COAST will leave New York and
Philadelphia March 27, returning on regu
lar trains within nlno months. Pullman
berth nnd meals on special train, and
other tour features. New York, Philadel
phia, Harrlsburg, or Altoona to San
Francisco, $110, in addition to regular llrst
elass one-way or Pacific Coast excursion
tickets.
FLORIDA.
Jacksonville tour, will leave Now York
and Philadelphia by special train Murch
9, 1S97, returning by regular trains until
May 31, 1S97. Rate covering transportation
both ways and meals and Pullman accom
modations going, J.'iO.OO from Now York,
and $1S.00 from Philadelphia.
WASHINGTON.
Tours, each covering a period of three
days, will leave
New York and Philadelphia
March 11, April 1 and 22, and .May 13, 1S97.
Hates, including transportation nnd two
days' accommodation at the best Wash
ington hotels. SH.SO from New York, and.
$11.50 from Philadelphia.
OLD P0IN"TC0MF0RT TOURS
RBTUKNINd DIRECT OR VIA
IlItillMOND and WASHINGTON,
will leave New York and Philadelphia
Murch 18 and April 13, lb97.
For detailed Itineraries and other in
formation, apply at ticket agencies, or
address Gcorgo W. Boyd, Asst. Cfen'l
Pass. Agent, liroad Street Station, Phila
delphia. MANSFIELD STATE NORflAL SCHOOL.
intellectual and practical training for
teachers. Thrfe courses of study besides
preparatory. Special uttontlon given to
preparation for college. Students ad
mlttod to best colleges on certificate.
Thirty graduates pursuing further studies
last year. Oreat advantages for special
studies In art and music. Model school ot
three hundred pupils. Corps ot sixteen
teachers. Beautiful grounds. Magnificent
buildings. Largo grounds for athlotlc3.
Klcvator and infirmary with attendant
nurse. Flno gymnasium. Everything
furnished at an avcrago co"it to normal
students of $143 a year. Fall term, Aug.
28. Winter term, Dec. 2. Spring term.
March 1G. Students admitted to classes at
any time. For catalogue, containing full
information, apply to
S. II. ALBRO, lriiicip:il,
Mansfield Pa.,
ASKPOKTHEBKLET.ON'
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GIVES TTIL
BESTHGHT
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SCRANTON STATION.
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