THE SCTt ANTON TBIBUNE-SATTJltDAY MOfiNING, OCTOBER 3, 1890.
YELLOW METAL HAS
NOT APPRECIATED
Refutation of One of the Stick Free
Silver Arguments.
THE HIGHEST AUTHORITIES CITED
Tlir Hold Money ol'tbe World Shown
In Ho Four Tiuip n Xnvh for Knob
IN rxiii Xon ns It a Fifty Yrnrs
K"Kiiyiiii(i!is lucrratp in lro
l u t ion nnd ( oiiiauc.
Has gold "apiircciHti'dV"
l'hf ndvocaU-s of tint free c-ulmvKi '
silver say that it has. Like the man
who thinks his own train In motion
lierailse the one alongside Is moving
in an oDiKislt' diriM tliin, the silver men
insist that instead of all other prices
liin-lmliiiff that or silver) tuivins fall
en. I he wire of sold hit really risen,
and the urice of everythinor else has
stood still. They assert that tlure has
been a steady eliunge In the ratio of a
dollar in gold to a given quantity of
grain, cotton, clothing, food and sll
r. and argue that since one dollar in
gold will buy more of a.11 commodities
in the markets of the world today than
ii (ild in 1S7:I. gold has advanced in
value, while the value of other articles
has stood still. Hence their constant
assertion that "gold hius ureciatcil."
Ixt us see. To appreciate means to
Inoreuse In value. Anything which In
creases In Value, does so either because
It has grown relatively scarce, or be
cause each Individual needs more of
It for his daily use.
Now has this happened about geld?
Vll ty years ago the world had a bil
lion peoole in round numbers; now it
has a billion and a half. The ponulii
tion 1ms increased til'ty per cent. In
fifty years.
Has the gold of the world increased
at the same rate as the population? If
so. have we any right to assume that
gold has appreciated? If It appears
thai it has increased more rapidly than
Hie population, would It not rather de
preciate than appreciate?
liOI.O l'KODI'CTION GHKATKK.
Iiet us examine the figures-, from the
best authorities of the world, Soetbeer
Mulhall. Preston and others. Mulhall
Indicates that the amount of gold in
the world, coined and uncoined, fifty
years ngo 'amounted to less than
r,iu,W0.w. Taking his figures for lMlii
and adding the production simv that
dale, the gold In the world today, coined
and uncoined, is whown to be over $7.
OW.OW.OUtl. Thus It will be seen that the
woi Id apparently has about three times
as much gold today as It had lifty years
ago.
If there had been no lneivitse In pop
ulation in the meantime there would
thus lie three times as much gold for
eac h iH-rson now as there was a half
century ago. Hut the population has
increased fid tier cent., so there is ap
parently twice as much gold In the
world tor each individual as there was
at that time.
tJOTA) OiUNAtlK OKRATKIJ.
Hut this is not all. Fifty years ago
only Xi per cent, of the gold of the
world was coined Into money. Now tiii
per c ut. of it Is coined. So It appear
liml. while the tier capita of gold has
I" ii doubled, the proortion of that
:;.lii wnieh is turned into coin has also
l.. til, e,l.
'I'll I:j means thai there is four limes
is much gold coin lor ouch Individual
in the world loday . there was fifty
y.-ars uifo.
I ".en this look as though there was a.
iireil v of gold? If gold coin is four
Which as plentiful for each individual
lod'iy as II was lP'ly yours ago, is it
reasonable to assume ih-.it the legiti
mate need lor more of it ns a medium
ol e:.i-h:ingt, i greater now than It was
llei,.' If not. how can if be shown
Hi.it ii lias "appreciated ?"
Tie-re Is another way of looking at
it in' the total money of the world
liity years ufcu only 2tl per cent, was
I' ld. Now nearly X" per cent, of the
money of the world is gold. Had the
demand for money Increased more rap
idly than the gold Increased there
would have been a greater proport lon
nio giowth of Hie oilier kinds of money,
either silver or paper or both, for both
me plentiful and are constantly used
for currency everywhere. Hut their
proportion has decreased while the
proportion or gold lias Increased.
"Hut." say the friends of silver
"Hie mere fact that gold money lias in
creased does not prove that it is suf
lii rent to meet the wants of business,
because since the crime of ls".1 In this
country and similar crimes about the
s;'ine date in other countries, the cj uati
tity of silver money lias decreased."
OTHER MONEY RREATEU.
T-t us see about Hint. Preston, the
director of the United States mint, estimates-
that the world's silver money
1n is?" was $1,817,000,000. He estimates
the world's silver money today to be
4.70,r,uo.uOO, of which amount $.1,440,
"eii.Olio is full legal tender. Thus the
silver money of the world lins appar
ently more than doubled since 1873.
This shows the utter fallacy of the ar
gument of the silver people thnt silver
money has been reduced Hlnee 1S7.1. It
Is interesting In this connection also to
note that the paper money of the world
has trebled In the past half century,
having been In 1S4S. according to Mul
hall. $1,300,000,000, and in 1S90, $n,S7.',
fiOO.OOO. There Is still another light In which
this currency question should be con
sidered. If the value of a house "ap
preciates" the rent increases propor
tionately. If It depreciates In value,
the rent falls. This rule applies equal
ly to the rent of money, usually termed
Interest. This test ought to determine
the actual value of money and show
whether it is scarce br plentiful. In
the past fifty years rates of Interest
have fallen from one-fourth to one
half, according to the locality, thus in
dicating that there Is less scarcity of
money to meet business demands than
was the case fifty years ago.
The increase In the gold of the world
lias been something enormous in the
past half century. Prior to 1845 the
average production seldom exceeded
ten millions a yenr. Since that time It
has been from 100 to 200 millions n
year. Thus the rate of production in
creased ten-fold, and in some years
twenty-fold, and had In fifty years
trebled the amount of gold in the world
and quadrupled the amount of gold
coined for each individual.
KEPT PACE WITH BUSINESS.
'nut," says somebody, "the business
i.l the world has Increased enormously
meantime, at a much greater rate than
the gold has increased, and since the
amount of gold has failed to keep pace
with business, gold has naturally "ap
preciated." Let us examine that subject. It Is
true that the business of the world has
Increased enormously. The value of
the Industries of the globe Is today, ne
cording to Mulhall, threp times what
It wus fifty years ago, and the com
merce of the world is six times as
great as It was nt that time. In that
same period gold has only trebled.
This would seem to give color to the
claim that the Increase in gold had not
kept pace with the demands of com
merce. NEW Pt'SINESS METHODS.
Hut another and very important fac
tor comes into the problem just nt this
point. That factor Is the matter of
banking facilities and the use of the
medium of exchange which passes be
tween them and their customers and
( ikes the place of the more bulky and
1-ks convenient coin. Fifty years ago
the man who engaged in commerce
carried with lilm the (fold with which
to make his purchases, lie went by
statue couch and mailing veSM-l. and the
Sold iii Ills leather belt lay Idle weens
or mouths while the tedious journey
was being made. Now he deHsits his
money in bank, the banker loans a
given proportion of his deposits to
those who desire its Immediate use,
and it is kept in active circulation
meantime. The owner of the gold
takes in Its stead a slip of paper, a
draft or bill of 'exchange, good where
ewr he may present It. and if he
wants more, it is transferred half way
around the world on his demand by
telegraph. In the twinkling of an eye.
The banking facilities of the world
have increased ten-fold In the past fif
ty years, and instead of most of the
business being done by a hand-to-hand
exchange of money for property.
!'. per cent of the business Is per
formed with that comparatively new
medium of exchange, Kinking paper,
whose elasticity, convenience .and
power of Instant transfer, has revolu
tionized business and reduced enor
mously the proportionate demand for
gold or other metallic money In the
great business transactions of the
world.
LAWiKIi ISK OK CHECKS.
Tin. II.:., nt' thla nu,l- ni.i.liltln nf .IV.
change grows neater to the musses ev-
cry nay. a recent investigation by me
oompti oiler of the currency showed
that nearly tlO per ivnt. of the pay
ments made to retailers, such as butch
ers, grocers. . Clothiers, and general !
dealers, are now made In chocks In
stead of the use of money itself. The
money which these checks represented
hud been deposited in th banks by the
owners, but only a given proportion of
it was kept in stock by the hankers,
w ho know by experience tht only a cer
tain percentage of their deposits will
be called for at one time, and are thus
able to loan out a large share of the
money deposited, and so keep it in ac
tive circulation.
Thus the stock of money, which has
Itself enormously increased. Is multi
plied many times by the fact that it is
used over and over again, with ten or
twenty times the frequency that it was
a half century ago.
This system which hns grown up dur
ing the period In which business has
so greatly Increased, changes radical
ly the relations of ready cash to the
volume of business. It wns a premoni
tion of this change in business cuitoms
which led Mill In Ills "Principles of
Political Economy" Vol. II., Hook 111.,
to sny:
"The proposition respecting the de
pendence of general prices upon the
quantity of money In circulation must,
lor the present, be understood ns i,p
plylng to a state of things in which
money, that is gold or silver, Is the ex
clusive Instrument of exchange and ac
tually passes from hand to hand at
every purchase, credit in any of Its
shapes being unknown. Wli-n credit
conies Into piny its n nieann of pur
chase, distinct from money in hand,
tlie connection between prices and the
amount of circulating medium is much
less direct and Intimate, and such con
nection as does exist, no longer admits
of so sltjiple a mode of expression."
I 'nder this system, the commodities
whose value is expressed in terms of
the standard of value are exchanged
for other coniinodii ies whose values are
j'lso expressed in the same terms, while
actual money, apart from its use as a
common denominator of value, does not
enter into the transactions. As this
ureal medium of exchange increases
the need of coin decreases.
rnvK MEAsritrc of v.i.rK.
p.ut there is one more test of the ac
tual value of the gold, a test which
does not depend Upon theories or tedi
ous inquiry as ! quantities of money
or methods of businesH I iiinsaclion.
This test is a simple one. but the most
important, the most accural e and far
reaching of all those which have been
applied.
This most impoilanl of till tests is.
the iimoimi of gold which a given
qiiiimity id' labor will buy.
The real standard of value in the
e Alien
Of the world' oconn shipping, but S.-t
per cent Is American, while fiii per cent
is British. About T."i percent of the for
eign commerce of the Culled Stales Is
curried in liritish ships, and only II per
cent is carried in American shins. Our
foreign commerce consists yearly of
imports and exports aggregating be
tween a billion und a half and two bil
lions of dollars In value. The earnings
of the ships employed hi carrying the
freight, passengers and mails to and
from the l.'niled Slates, annually ag
gregates close to $.iiM,()iili.00u. The coast
wise and inland commerce of the I'n't
ed States Is carried exclusively in
American vessels, foreign vessels being
prohibited by our laws from engagini;'
therein.
The Ttepublican paity has this year
declared ill favor of the readopllon of
un old American policy of protection for
our ships In the foreign trade. It Is
proposed to exact a higher duty from
imports In foreign ships than is exact
ed from Imports In American ships.
This policy Is described as that of "dis
criminating duties." The first net of
the first congress, signed by Oeorge
Washington, July 4. 17SH. granted pro
tection to American shins in the for
eign trade by this policy. American
ships then carried but :'3 per cent i f
thnt commerce, although they were
built from :t:i to ",0 per cent cheaper
thnn foreign ships were, and ours wei-
better, lasted longer, and sailed faster
than foreign ships. The discriminating
duties policy of protection was Immed
iately beneficial. The first year after its
adoption American ships rarrled 40 per
cent, the second year they carried fr
per cent, the third year 61 per cent, the
fourth year 79 per cent and the fifth
years SS per cent of our foreign com
merce. Thereafter, with the exception
of the period of the war of IM'!, !to per
cent of our foreign commerce was car
ried In our own ships, until lWS. when
the discriminating duties act was re
pealed, and f''ee trade in the carriage
of our Imports! and exports substituted,
and free trado hns ever since been In
force in the carriage of American for
eign commerce. The result of that free
trade has been thnt. In l.Xiil American
ships carried 66 Instead of SO per cent of
our foreign commerce, a loss of 25 per
cent In i3 years; at the close of the civil
war our ships curried but 28 per cent
and today but 11 per rent of our for
eign commerce. Thus, we have the ex
perience of 39 years of protection and 68
years of free trade in the carriage of
our foreign commerce. During the
period of protection we almost contin
uously carried 90 per cent of our for
eign commerce, and as a result of free
trade we carry but 11 per cent of It.
Were cause and effect ever more clear?
As a consequence of these facts and
this history, the Republican party fav
ors the old discrinatlng duties policy.
Nearly all of our commercial trenties
with foreign muritime nations will have
to be changed. But the United States,
being a sovereign nation, can change Its
treaties, and if the Republicans win
this fall those treaties will be changed
In the Interest of American ships. To
that the party and Its candidate for the
presidency are pledged. Republicans
believe that to retain nearly $:00.000,000
annually in the t'nlted Slates, most of
which Is now paid abroad In gold to
foreign shipowners, by dlmlnlsling the
foreign demand for our cold to that
extent, will fortify our national treas
ury in exactly that amount. And this
Is it consideration of the greatest Im
portance at this critical period in our
national finances. To spend $:tOO,000.OHO
In giving employment to American cltl
cens ashore and afloat, would result in
FTfST
1
l el III is lubol'. It h thbl V. ill: ll pril-
uii.es all i'oi,imoiiie, the uecess:tiH4
as will a the coin ions und luxuries ut
life. The fond We eat. the clothes v.
wear. Hie houses In which we live, tbe
necessities which a half century ago
were considered luxuries, are all the re
sult of lubor and the money which is
paid for them measures the hours of
lalMir which produces them. Labor Is,
then, the real standard by which to
measure sold, if u, dav or an hour of
labor w'll buy less gold today than It
did fitly years ago, then it may be
properly said that cold has "appreci
ated." If it will buy more gold today
than it diil fifty years ago, then gold
has depreciated, and if each grain of
gold which an hour of lubor buys will
also purchase more of manufactured
commodities than It did fifty years ago,
then the laborer has again multiplied
th" value of his time mid skill.
Let us see about that. A cnnnnlti.ee,
nl the 1'nlted States senate, known as
the Aldrtch committee, made a thor
ough investigation a few years ago into
the question of wages and prlees. and
after a long and thorough research
made a report, the accuracy of which
Is eveiy where accepted. That Investi
gation showed thai a day's labor in
nearly all the trades would, in ISlut, buy
about double the amount of gold that
it did til'ty years earlier, and do It with
less hours of work In a day. For in
stance, plasterers who, In the good old
freo-silvcr days of 1810. got $1.50 per
day were paid S:!..V In 1S1KI; blacksmiths
who received $1.50 iter day in 1840. got
8.1.00 in 1MK: painters whose wages in
1M0 were $1.25 in WM were raid $2.50;
wheelwrights who earned M.5 In 1840
get $?.50 in 1S!!il: engineers who re
ceived $'.'.00 tier day In 1S40 were paid
14.25 in 1830. and so on. Taking eleven
representative classes of Workingmen,
engaged in the particular industries,
as a basis, It wns found that the aver
age rate of wages advanced from $1.30
per day in 1840 to $2.37 in 18!H, or that
an hour of labor would earn nearly
twice as much geld In 18ii0 as it did In
1SIII.
GOLD HAS DEPRECIATED.
How then can It lx nsserted thnt gold
hns "appreciated?" Ii has depreciated,
and that highest and noblest of all
standards, human labor, will today buy
more of it than It did fifty years ago,
while the depreciated gold thus pur
chased can in turn be exchanged for
mure of other commodities which have
still further depreciated by the Improv- i
ed methods of production, manufacture
and transportation which the Ingenuity
of the human mind have produced In
the wonderful age In which we are liv
ing. Alinihttc I'tinc ttiitlit .
Some two months ago a boy who
nsked for employment in a local manu
factory was told to come again when
he reached eleven years' of age, as lie
was at thut lime under pn.p-r uge.
Lust Tuesday morning the manager
found him eonilnu' Into the works at
about 7.20, and sulil to him:
"oh, f-'- you're coming to make a
start, eh?"
"Yes. sir." answered the youngster.
"Well, but look here, sunny," re
marked the man, "why didn't you come
at 6 o'clock? that's the ttme we begin
here."
"Yes. I know that, sir." replied the
lad. "but you told me not to come again
till 1 were full up eleven, utid 1 wasn't
eleven till sixteen minutes past seven!"
Philadelphia Inquirer.
Too .titirh l.iglil,
"isn't it marvelous, this new- lir.lit
discovered by Professor Roentgen?"
asked Mrs. Bloobitmiier.
"Isn't It ?" echoed .Mrs. Tenspot. "Just
think of pliotogra piling persons und ac
tually seeing their bones reproduced on
the photograph!"
"We shall have to put armor-plate
doors on our closets now."
"Why?"
"To keep people from taking pic
tures of the skeletons in them."--Harper's
l!a.ar.
Die turning over of that vast sum. an
nually, to those employed upon our
farms, in our mines, our forests, our
mills, our factories, and In every indus
tiy and hi every part of the Pulled
States. And to spehil the t.iiiO.UW.OOU
among American workmen Instead of
as now. almost wholly noon foreign
workmen, would enormously Increase
and perpetuate tuiilonul prosperity.
Tin- liemoeijtie National platform,
adopted at Chicago, and Hie candidate
for Hie presidency there nominated, are
alike silent upon the shipping question,
la response to un Inquiry i:ddi'esed 1"
the Democratic nominee for the presi
dency as to his altitude upon ihe ship
ping question, his reoly was that he
stooil upon his public utteranc-s, but
reference to his record has so far failed
to disclose nny expression whatever on
the part of that gentleman on the ship
ping nuesilon. le h;! however, re
peatedly and soeeilically denounced
protection In any form, and lie hns
openly and persistently, until now, ad
vocated free trade, or the nearest pos
slide, approach to it. so that it seems
but fair to assume that neither he nor
his party can be depended upon to pro
tect American shipping in the foreign
trade.
The platform minuted by the Tndian
apolis convention of boiling Democrats
refers to American shipping- und tidvo
ci'tes "modern nnd lihei-n! policies," to
lake the place "of the restricted sta
tutes of tlie eighteenth century." The
only statute of that Century which has
any bearing upon American shipping Is
the act of 170?. continuously In force
ever since, which denies AmiKlri reg
istry to foreign built shlp, A"tutriians
may. If they choose, M iTorelRn ships
under a foreijtn flng. It will be seen,
however, that while this act is protec
tive of American shipbuilders. It gives
no protection whatever to American
ships, or the owners thereof, when In
competition with foreign ships, in the
carriage of our foreign commerce. We
now have free trade In the carrying of
our foreign commerce, and this wing
of Democracy desires to extend free
trade to the purchase of foreign built
ships. Flee trade in the carriage of
our commerce has already robbed our
shipowners of 70 per cent of the carry
ing they enjoyed under protection, and
the remedy for the loss as offered by
these Democrats Is free trade in the
purchase of ships. They claim that If
able to purchase the ships abroad, be
cause possibly a trifle cheaper, our peo
ple could compete with foreign ship
owners. Hut recent Democratic ofllelul
statistics show that It cost a great deal
more between 27 nnd 32 per cent more
in wanes, and as high ns 50 per cent
more In food to run American thnn It
does to run foreign ships. How, then,
with cheaper ships, but dearer crews,
are Americans to compete with foreign
cheap ships and cheaper crews? It Is
Impossible without protection. And yet
Americans are at even greater disad
vantage than that caused alone by free
trade, Inasmuch as that foreign nations
heavily subsidize both their shipbuild
ers and shipowners, and. In some cases,
grant bounties on tonnage besides.
Competition, under the circumstances,
as our proportion of carriage conclu
sively shows, is utterly impossible.
Our history shows that when we built
cheapef, better and fuster ships, for
eign ships nevertheless monopolized
our foreign carrying until protection to
our shipowners drove out foreign ship
owners. If cheaper ships would remedy
our maritime condition now. why did
they not do so over a hundred years
ngo? Protection wus neccssury to our
success then aa It is now. The protec
tion that brought success then will
.. ."
can Sipjig pestii
PROSPECTOR'S LIFE
UP IN ALASKA
Aa Interesting Letter Iron ao Intelligent
(iold Miner.
WILD BUT ENTERTAINING CAREER
t
W by It I Tlint So Mny Searchers
Alter . Treasure ill Our Polar
Froviuce Meet with Disuppoiui-Hiennt--I
ootl Supplies, Coal, Cli
mate anil Jliicellaneoii Feature
of Kxistenrr in the Alaskan tiolu
Territory.
A leHer recently received by James
M. Everhart. of this city, from W. C.
Jack, a prospector located at Tyoonok.
Alaska, contains some statements cf
public Interest. Tyoonok. now a small
Indian town o'- about fifty native in
habitants, was. 100 years ago. the larg
est pluce in Alaska. It had In those
davs a population of over K.,oni. mostly
Russians. The name Tyoonok means
"greatest." "most powerful." .Mr.
Jin k writes:
The town consists of about thirty
one-story log houses. Most of the na
tives belong to the Green or Russian
church. A Russian priest visits them
several times during the summer. The
natives are very hospitable and gener
ous In this respect, betnff entirely dif
ferent from the southeastern Alaska
native. They speak a different lan
guage, but most of thcr.i understand
the Russian language. Their language
consists of Russlan-Kter.cl.. Phlenket,
and I believe Japanese and Chinese:
as near as I can learn it Is a conglom
eration of the above mentioned lan
guages. They are not inclined to be
hostile, although there are some bad
natives the same as whites. I have
taken charge of the company's busi
ness for n few days, while the agent
has gone up the Sushetna river to
their trading post, about eighty miles.
Some of the natives came In from there
yesterday mid told him that a bad na
tive fl years old! was going to kill
the agent up there and burn the post.
Mr. Hanmoie, the ugent here, Is the
head agent for the Inlet, there being
four other posts about eighty miles re
spectively In different directions from
this pnst. He says that the boy Is very
bad and has caused him a great deal
of uneasiness. He burned a young
squaw to death Inst winter because
she would not marry him. Ills own
tribe are afraid of him. .Mr. Hunniore
suys that he may have to hanr; him.
The natives here give us all the fish
anil game we can eat. They catch
large quantities of king and silver
salmon here. They gave us about 150
pounds of choice salmon this morning,
which they catch In sight of our house.
They use gll nets, also dip nets, made
of moose sinew. They dry and smoke
enough to last them until next seusou.
They are catching them on this tide.
I can see them from where I am sit
ting. It keeps them busy taking them
nut of their nets. The most of them
are in their small skin canoes Own and
three men canoes) or bydarks. The
doctor would enjoy fishing here; there
are unlimited number of trout in all of
the creeks here. 1 wus out for an hour
lust evening fishing about half a mile
from town and caught sixty, that
number being more thuii I could carry.
Some of them were twenty Inches lung
and weighed two and one-half and
three pounds. There are three species
of trout that 1 have seen here, the
largest being the rainbow.
There Is plenty of game here, the
moose being the most plentiful. The
natives smoke und jerk large quantities
of it for winter, altlioipsh thev kill a
great many In the winter season but
they are very pooe at that time of the
year. They are unusually large here.
bring success now, If fest-jfed. for "0
years after the adoption of the act pro
hibit ing the grunting of American reg
istry to foreign built ships. !U per cent
of our foteign commerce was carried
In oiti' own ships, because the discrim
inating duties policy protected our
ships during all of that time. If. there
lure, that act is responsible for our
maritime decay of tod.iv. why was ll
not ul.-io responsible for our maritime
growth and greatness In the beginning
und for :rt years after its adoption?
This pertinent query Democrats have
never attempted to answer. The act
prohibiting the registry of foreign built
ships has no effect upon American
shipowniiig, so long us our ships u,e
unprotected nwiinst foi-ign competi
tion, as they now und for tin years huve
been. Protection for our ships, as be
fore, would crerite a demand for them,
and then, and then only, would Ameri
can shipbuilders benefit. And ll would
be manifestly unfair to grant protec
tion to our shipowner., while at the
same time withdrawing it from cur
shipbuilders.
There will be no attraction for Amer
ican capital to enter Into competition
Willi foreign shipowners, urtil free
trade hns paralyzed the irilu.-tries up'm
the land, now pro-ipcroi' becaos of
prelection. Capital nnd men in the
t'nlted S.ates can 11ml better onnloy.
nielli in the proie-trd industries of the
sea. And until our shl'ii afd Ihe men
running them ae ginnted protection
equivalent In every respect to thut now
granted bv our laws to those uoon the
html, which are hi competition wi;h
foreign Industries, we shall never ha"e
a prospcrour. American metchptil ma
rine. We have nil seen the beneficent
results of protection upon the land
where our manufactures in thirty years
grew from less thnn two to more than
nine billions of dollars in value. And
yet, during that same period of h!h
prosperity on land, as u result of pro
lection, we have seen American ships
In the foreign trade, jutl from the lack
of the snme measure of protect Ion. di
minish f'-om two nnd a half million to
three-quarters of n million tons, and
our proportion of carriage fall from BG
to 11 per cent. What n contrast be
tween protection on land and free trade
on sea! It is apparent Hint protection
cannot be abandoned upon the land,
without causing great natloii-il Insres.
It Is even more apparent that the aban
donment of protection to tur shins on
the sea has been followed by enormous
nationnl losses. A competent exnert
estimates that. In the past thirty years,
we have paid to foreign shipowners four
nnd a half billions of dollars enough to
have paid our national debt twice over.
We can only restore the carriage of our
cjmmerce to our ships by restoring
protection to our ships. The Re
publican party and Its cundidnte
for the presidency stand for the
restoration of protection to our
ships. And Democracy, if it stands
for anything In shipping, stands for
more free trade, more national shlp
and larger payments to foreign ship
owners for doinjT the carrying1 that Am
ericans can, and should, far better do
for themselves. The Issue as to ship
ping, then, between the two great poli
tical parties, stands as follows: Ite
publlcan protection and the retention
In the United States of the nearly $,!00,
000,000 now annually pale to foreign
Hhluownets. Democrats further free
trade, and a continuation of the pay
ment of $300,000,0110 111 gold to foreign
shipowners, shipbuilders, and other
foreigners. Rciiubllcuulsni means Am
erican prosperity Democrucy means
foreign prosperity. Which shall Am
erican voters choose.
some or them killed In the fall will
dress l.M to l.jw pound. I killed 'a
vi-urllng i bat wool,! uivss about fesi
pounds. ' ties Ides ibis there are an
abundance or wild sheen. I have not
as yet had the pleasure of bagging one,
not having bunted for them. In tact 1
have not done any hunting, although
have killed two moose and a great num
ber or grouse and tourigen nnd one
lynx that 1 haiqiened to run across
while prosoectlng. There are all kinds
of water row! in great number; the
uutlves sell geese tor 10 cents each,
ducks (mallard) 5 cents.
Hears are quite plentiful. I have
seen two in my travels but did not get
them. Furs are not cood thJ.s time of
the year, therefore there Is but little
hunt ins done except fci sheep and
moose. There are no skins of any kind
for sale at present. The company have
a large quantity but the agent is not
allowed to sell them here.
The natives hnve small guldens and
raise nearly ail kinds of vcgeubl s.
They depend uoon their rltle for sup
port. They hunt the fue bearing ani
mals In the winter. It docs not get as
rnd lv re as one would suppose, ll
has noi been over "t d'V.-rcos below
-ro at this place for several years and
then for only n few days, it gets down
to -SO degiecs below at some of the oth
er rusts. They have quite a heavy
snow fall, three to seven feet. It varies
in the different localities, there being
only about two feet here. The days
pre very short in winter. The sun
rises about l.45 o'clock nnd sets between
2 and .'!. although the twilight lusts a
long time. The'-e is no night from,
June l.'i to July 15. We frequently
sleep during tlie hot days and work all
night. The sun is only out of sight
about 4 hours.
There are some very g;iod placer
mines here. 1 refer to Cook's inlet in
general, but they hnve been overesti
mated, that Is as far ns the discoveries
arc concerned. There are about twenty-five
good claims In Tumagiiliiarm
that were discovered last year. There
has not. been very much prospecting
done this year as the creeks have been
too hlKh until about two weeks ago.
There Is no doubt in my mind but thnt
there wiM be some good discoveries
made this yenr. The discoveries were
not made last year until September.
Probably one-third of the peo'de that
came here, .1,000, have left disgusted
and I don't believe that there were five
misses In thut number. Tlie most of
them were carpenters, butchers, mer
chants nnd mechanics cf all kinds, and
they hud no conception of the hard
ships connected with a pro-peclir's
life, such as taking a blanket and
pick, shovel and pan and fifty or sixty
pounds of provisions, and trumping
back In and over mountains 4,000 or
Win fe?t high, frequently going hack
bio or 1-"0 miles. It is safe to sny that
iwo-thlrds of them were not three
miles from tide water und a great many
never left their tents. However those
thut are kit are glad to be rid of lhal
class of people, as they are a great
hindrance to an honest prospector.
Thine have been quite a number (,f
quartz-ledges discovered. I have lo
cateit two, but have not had time to
ascertain what they will run. 1 have
what 1 believe to be a good placer claim
sixty miles from here. 1 shall g-j up
und prospect it more .thoroughly as soon
as the agent returns. If it. prospects
us well ut a depth of ten feet ns it does
on the bank or surface it will be a lidi
claim. It is tine gold and can be worked
to good advantage by hydraulic powvr.
1 shall f-top up tin re about two vcel;s
Hint then I expect to go up tlie
Sushetna. 'iver about I'iO miles to look
ill a quart ledge that a native discov
ered. Tlie samples thut he brought out
contain quite a quantity of tine gold.
I don't think that there will be a
large quantity of gold taken out this
year ns most of the people are devot
ing their lime to prospecting. When
they tiud o cliiim that they think will
pay they locale it and move on to an
other creek and so on. 't here are two
or three comnanies using improved or
modern appliances, but. most of them
are using u rocker or sluice boxes.
There are some very large coal veins
Ic re. I discovered one of the laigest
veins I ever suw about twelve miles
from tide water. It is u tuoiiuiiiiii of
coal, the vein is exposed lor -Ho feet
long and Hm i'eel high, but it is of an
inferior quality. II is the .-nine chi.-;i
us the KatchoniU'.ii Buy coal. It Is uoi
Verv good for r.l, uiiiing, bill I consider
il uooil coal for household use us I
used ll for oxer one year In Silku. We
use il here. There are UKir, foot vcillM
running into Hie buy nnd the unlives
ke.-p us sum. lied wit h it.
.. . .. .
KliAl.lSII IN J';$'.
The Oi'c'.ier-Utt Lender n. rii-pmed
to lo.lulicc lo A ii v S million.
"We have a Rood mutiy Ihine.s lo
contend with." remarked tin uuiu who
nmiiUtied a theatrical company on the
road lust winter, "lull th" worst of them
all Is If.e otclu f-tra." relates the Hcttoit
Five I 're,-.
".iusli Uius were never noted ur. he'.ntt
eminent'- practical." wus Hie reply.
"I know that. Hut the worst of It is
that they Im-lst im tr; inir to lie m.
Tilt y tiilr.k the- have ideas und
hr:;il ttyiiiR to put thi.ni into opera
tion. I war in a small town and t,ave
the louder the miiMo Hint go,-s with
i out ;i!f ce.
"'We can't I.arn ti-.a'-.' he said. 'I
j haven't time lo call the men for a
! rein 'iirsul; I tun ton Imsy. Thoy are loo
' lup-y. ton. They ill! work In sti res dur
j ins the day."
I " 'Well, said I. 'tiuiv's only one
scene ihni I am very particular ahnut.
i It wiiiiu s:)i::e!!-i::s Column and
' shivery.'
I " "We've sol all kinds of tunes," said
he. 'Is It the ccetv 1 raw on the bill
boards, wline the vlllinn is ruiiiiir.K the
hero Into the t-avv mill and the cirl res
cues him Just in the nick 'of time'."
" 'Thut't. the one."
" Mi n t yon worry.' said th. lo.ider,
I've pot the very thlnar to lit that place.
Wait till you heer it. I'll suiprl-e you.' "
"And did It surprise you'.'"
"Thoroiushly. I never was more sur
prised In piy entire life. The lendlnff
man was tied on the cnnler that was to
shove him Into eternity, the machln
ciy was stinted: the f-nw hefcan lo
huss ami the leading lady bosun lo bat
ter down the door. And what do you
think that orches-lia started !n to
piny '.'"
"t can't suess. What wns it?"
"Must Tell Them That You Saw
Me.' "
Politeness lit the 'I'hone.
Do not say: "Hollo! who's th!?"
The man at the other end of the line
docs not know who you are. It is better
form on receiving a response to a tele
phone call to say: "This Is Mr.
tuiklns:: who is th.tt, please'.'"
Apn'n do not be the first put ty to such
telephonic communications as:
"Hello, Is that & Co?"
"Yes."
"Is Mr. In?"
"N'o."
Then the receiver Is him? up with a
bantr. It sounds much belter to add:
"Thank you," after having received the
Information you require. Louisville
Courier-Journal.
...
A Mrain ol'Kronoiny.
Mr.-", liardup- "My dear, 1 positively
must have a new wrap."
.Mr. Iliirdii'i - -"The price cf coal has
Koue up usaiu und 1 simply can't aff nil
it. The only thiiiR 1 can do will be to
take ou Soiitn for the winter." Truth.
A Doubtful Kxppdii'iit.
Clara "lit Iih biif hful?".
Maui.li' "I.irfHilfnlly uu. I tuny liuve
to urge him tu kiss mo."
Clara "Aren't you afruld you will
lacare him away?" Truth.
18 HJ
Ml 7
U (J Ll E
F 0.1 INTERSIL AND EXTERNAL USE
cars axu hkevsnts
Cld. Couth. Sore Throat, Inllurnza. Bron
chitis, Pncutnunia, Swelling of (he Juiuts,
Lumbago, Inflammations,
m
mini Iblili MUUIinUUint
FB0ST3ITES. CHILBUI1?, H-HO-tCHE,
TOilTMCHE, flSTHiflH.
DIFFICULT BREATHING.
CrKKS Tltn WOHST PAINS In from
one to twenty minutes. SOT ll.N'K HGl'U
alter reading this advertisement need any
one SLKKKIt WITH PAIN.
Railway's Ready Relief Is a. Sure Cure for
t' , Pl". Sprains. Itrulsc.1. Pains in the
Back, Chef t ur I. hubs. It was the first
and is the only PAIN REMEDY
T1i:it Instantly stops the most excruciating
pains, allays Inflammation, and eu-cs i.n
gest ions, whether of the Lungs. .St imaeh,
Hon-eh:, or other glands or oikuiis, by one
upplkutiou.
A liati' lo a teuspoonful in half u tumbler
of water will hi a lew minutes cure
(ratlin. Spasms, Sour Stomach, Heart,
burn, Nervousness, Sleeplessness, Sick
Headache, I ijiinheii. Uysenterv, Colic,
l lutuleney Hud all Internal pubis.
"lucre Is not a remedial uitent in the
world that will cure Fever and Ague and
all other Malarious. Million nnd other
fevers, aided by P.APWAYS PILLS, so
quickly us KAUW'AY'S RKAUV KKMUK.
Fifty cents per bottle. Sold by Druggists.
RADWAY & CO.,
55 Elm Street, New York.
STABLE and FARM
6V Ik lHC WILD fOR HtAVf HAG0HS
NEW YORK CARRIAGE GREASE.
fOH HCHl WA0GHS tNO HCMI CARRIA0S
BOSTON COACH AXLE 0IU
V
Ch(APR AHD bliTlR iNkH CtSIOR.OH;,
STANDARD LEATHER OIL.
1 BCST teATHCR PRlSSRHR HJHLMOllio)
Jul. if ST HARASS OIL HA0
RUDDY HARVESTER OIL
. fl,HAV 800t fOR fARU VACWHCRT
FAVORITE fill mmt 011
ELECTRIC l7Q iBNtmTi 'u
T t Coach and Carriage Candle
t!fOn SALE EVSWVWHI-Bg 1
FOR SALE BY THE
SCRANTON. PA.
m THE IM OF TKfc
are located the finest tlshlnir und hunting
grounds in the world. Descriptive boom
on application. Tickets tu all points In
tluine, Csnada and Maritime Provinces,
.Minneapolis, St. Caul, Canadian and
I'nited States Northwest, Vunvouver,
Seattle, Taeonia, Portland, Ore., Sun
Prauclsco.
First-Class Sleeping and Dining Gars
attached to all throutjht trains. Tourist
cars fully fitted with bedding, curtains
and specially udaoted to Bants of families
may he had with uucund-elasa tickets.
Fines alwuya less than via other lines.
For further Information, tint tu,bles, etc,
on application to
E. V. SKINNER, G. E. A..
333 Broadway, New York.
CALL UP 3632:
OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE.
Ml TO isi MERIDIAN STREET.
51. Ytr. ( GIJJXS, Manager.
FOR
1 HAiO ftfl K" M clab,u t-"1"-
I ; oj.tu.ifus traiw km a rtMMUi'.'VativH in'"?:haus;
: tin und iloljil tv rftnihurlv iiic.tlvii- in1
! - won ton of totiliT ror.s-titutionH in you) Ii vvnt
'loUni'(. TYi'Y Imvo Mi iqwt.. 'I fin tami'tyf
I iMil.'tr 1 1 ee, font jtriirelv wi ). Juvuilia
; I m.ct to., iertu;ryjil ytcrwn IJw.
(STANMRfi
J slCo's
A
ATLANTIC IK CO
i
Clil PACIFIC n
Mil Oil lykllilMISij
!l,fiili-Bf
1
2,000,00 BARRELS
filade and Sold in Six Months, ending Harch 1, 1896,'
total Product of
mum flnnnnif
The A Mil! Alone produced 1,000,000 Barrels,
Largest Ran on Record.
V.'ashbiirn, Ooj.hj s Superlative is sold everywhere from th
Pncifis Coast to St. John's', New Foundland. and in fcnsland. Irelan.
and Scotland very largely, and in
worm.
MEGARGEL
wholesale: agents.
High
Grade
Clongti & Wama,
Carpenter,
Waterloo
Emerson,
L'alcolm Lou
And Lowsr Grades a)
Very Low PrIc-33.
SOS SPRUCE STIEET.
And You Will ba Happy.
The way to keep your borne comforta
ble at this seas jo of the year
is to buy one of our
Gas or Jil Heaters
Just the thing for your dining
room in the morning, or your bath
room, nnd in fact any place yon
want a little heqt without start
ing your furnace or boiler.
Wo have over 20 styles sizes of
gas heaters, and 10 or more of Oil
Heaters. Without question the
best assortment in the city.
FOOTE & SHEAR CO.,
119 WflSHIHGTOH IVEHUL
Spring House
HEART LAKE, SUSQ'A CO.
U. E. CROFtlT, PROPRIETOR.
THIS HOUSE Is strictly temperanct, :
new and well furnished and OPENED TO
THE, PUBLIC THE YEAR ROUND, 1
located midway between Blnghamton an!
Scranton, on the Montroa and Lacka
wanna Railroad, six miles from D., L, A
W. R. R. at Alford Station, and Ave miles
from Montrose; capacity elKhty-nve,
three minutes' walk from railroad station.
House situated 100 feet from the lake,
wide veranda extends the entire lengtk
of the bouse, which is 100 feet.
Row Boats, Fishing Tackla, Etc.
Free to Uuests.
Altitude about 2,000 feet, equalling In this
respect the Adirondack and Catsktll
Mountains.
Fine groves, plenty of shade and beautl.
ful scenery, making a Summer Resort un.
exeeiien in ueauiy ana cnoHpima.
Dancing pavilion, swing's, croquet
terounds. etc. COLD flPRINO WATER
AND PLENTY OP MILK.
Rates $7 te io Per Week. $1.50 Per Day.
Excursion tickets sold at all stations om
V.. LAW. lines.
Porter meets all trains.
Full Line of Cloths in Fall and
Winter Styles, 1S96.!(7. No ineas
11 res sent to New York Sweat
Shops for $12.00 to $11.00, No
Shojjy Wool. Every (junuent
made in this city.
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED
D. BECK, 337 Adams Ava.
MT. PLEASANT
COAL
AT RETAIL..
Coal of the best quality for domestio use
and of ull lz9, Including Buckwheat and
Hirdseye, delivered in any part of the city,
at the lowest price.
Orders received at the Office, first floor.
Ccir.monweiUth building, room No. 8J
telephone No. 2624. or at the mine, tele
phone No. 272. will be promptly attended
lo.ucaicrs ouppuca ai tne mine.
WIV3. T. SMITH.
ttyFLOURt
tin u un n n n
recognized an the beat flour in th
J. LAWRENCE STELLE,
KEEP COMFORTABLE
IRChlT IIIILO I
GOMEL