THE SCBAXTOX TRIBUNE-WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 20, 1896.
11
PENHUON SINGING
IN OLD WALES
Slafiag Staius Witk the Harp a
Favorite Pastiae.
IOUS VVCHAN AND ROYAL ED
A Brief Sketch of the Imasortal Vicar
Pritchara and Other Important
t'eatare from Old Uwalia.
Idrla Vychan, the late celebrated
pennllllon singer, made his last public
appearance at the Llandudno eistedd
fod. A little before this he had the
honor of singing before the prince of
Wales, the princess of Wales and their
young daughters at the London eistedd
fod in lSfc7. He was a native of Dol
gellau, and his family on his mother's
aide, were said to be all noted for their
skill In singing with the harp. He was
nearly related to Mr. Kills Roberts,
harpist to the prince of Wales, and
this gentleman, with a celebrated vio
linist, known as Eos Twrog, used to
tieet frequently at the old house where
ldtls' grandmother, mother, and
brother would alternately sing stanzas
to the harp and violin. He published
a volume, which was a prise essay at
the Rhondda eisteddfod on pennllllon
singing, In which Is contained a fine
collection of old Welsh stanzas of suit
able Welsh airs, as well as a chrono
logical list of singers, harpists, violin
ists, etc. For many years his face and
voice were one of the most familiar
at our chief national festivals. He was
besides being a singer, one of our best
versed In Welsh poetry and in anti
quarian researches.
From a very remote time pennllllon
lnging has formed quite a feature in
our national gatherings, and at one
time was much practiced In the houses
of the Welsh gentry. The Welsh pen
llllon were sung by one voice to the
harp and followed a quaint old air,
which was not only Interesting and
peculiar, it set forth In a striking man
ner the humor of the verse. This old
practice is entirely a Welsh Institution,
but we regret to say, Is fast dying out,
and Is not In use except at some of our
elsteddfodau The following Is an ex
ample of the old penllllon in general
use somf years ago, which were sung to
the Welsh air "l'enrhaw" or "Difyrwch
Uwyr Morganwg:"
Many an apple will you find
In hue and bloom so cheating,
That search what (rows beneath its rind,
It Is not worth your eating;
Kve closes summer's sultry hour.
This fruit will be ths flrst to sour.
Varied tho stars, when nights are clear.
Varied are the flowers of May;
Varied the attire that woman wears,
Truly varied too are they.
Both old maids and young ones, the wit
less and wise,
Gain husbands at pleasure, while none will
me prize:
Oh! why should the swains think so mean
ly of me.
And I full as comely as any they see.
My speech until this very day
Was ne'er so like to run astray;
But now I find, when going wrong,
My teeth of use to stop my tongue.
Three things 'tis difficult to scan;
Tho day, und aged oak, and man;
The day Is long, the oak Is hollow,
And man he Is a two-fuced fellow.
Vl'JAR PRICHARD.
Vicar Prlchard, of Llandovery, was
born 1579, and 1644. He was Induced to
the vicarage of his native parish after
his collegiate course at Oxford, and af
terwards was appointed prebendary
and chancellor of St. David's. His re
ligious poems had great Influence over
Wales, among his contemporaries, and
up to the middle of the present century.
"Canwyll y Cymry" In the last 270 years
havegpne through twenty-five editions.
Here up his praise and commendation
of a good woman:
A virtuous, cheerful, and obliging wife
It better than all the pomp of life
Better than houses, tenements, and landx.
Than pearls and precious stones and guld
en sands.
She Is a ship with costly wares well
stow'd,
A pearl, with virtues Inflnfe endow'ed;
A gem, beyond all value and compare;
Happy the man who has her to his share.
WELSH IN DAT SCHOOLS.
Advocates of the teaching of Welsh
In elementary schools have much to
rejoice at In the success of the experi
ments wherever tried. The government
report has the following statement In
regard to the teaching of Welsh to
students under training: "This Is the
first time for Welsh t bo taken as one
of the languages for the certificate ex
amination. Judging by the work of the
112 candidates examined. Its introduc
tion has been an emphatic success from
an educational point of view. The re
sults are especially encouraging In the
work of students, who have dune con
siderable better, on the average, than
the acting teachers. With one excep
tion, that of a student from Edgehill,
who produced a paper of shining merit,
the students are exclusively drawn
from the church and British colleges at
Uangor. In both of these colleges the
subject seems to have received special
and systematic attention, and the re
sults are very creditable." The marks
attained by one of the Welsh classes In
the Bangor Normal college for J895 also
was 87 per cent.
BIR GEORGE ELLIOTT METRICK.
The recent death of Sir George Elliott
Meyrlck Tapps-Gervls-Meyrlck, Ang
lesey, baronet, recalls the following
story: Richard, fourth son of Owen
Meyrlck, Mgh sheriff. County Anglesey,
1706, married 25th of July, 1732, Jane,
eldest daughter of Charles Cholmon
deley, of Vale Royal; and on the same
day her cousin. Lady Lucy Pitt, only
daughter of the earl of Londonderry,
was married to his brother, I'lerce,
Owen' fifth son. The marriage of these
two brothers was celebrated at the Fleet
without the knowledge of their par
ents, and the well-known story is strict
ly true, that as they were on their
way to be married the young ladies pro
posed to change husbands, to which the
young gentlemen agreed, and accord
ingly they were m married, and not
as they originally Intended. The Mey
rlck are of the purest and noblest
Cambrian blood, and have possessed
the came ancestral residence and es
tate at Bodorgan, Anglesey, without
Interruption above 1,000 years. They
have the rare distinction of being line
ally descended from the Sovereign
Princess of Wale and from Edward I.
of England ("Burke' Peerage,")
CHORAL CONTEST AT LONDON.
nri i , v. . 1 1 ........ . . i
vvajea win ue wcu iepit;iuttu hi inn
choral contest to be held under the
auspices of the National Temperance
Choral union at the Crystal Palace on
Tuesday, July 21. A Llanelly man, in
the person of C. Meudwy Davles, has
been appointed one of the adudlcators
In conjunction with J. H. Parrlsh, or
ganist of the Crystal Palace, and A. W.
Moss, L. R. C. M., Reading. A large
number of choirs from England and
Wales Intend competing. The Llanelly
contingent will not compete under the
circumstances, but merely take part in
the second great concert of 5,000 singers
and the Handel orchestra.
WALES IN PARLIAMENT.
The Welsh member, under consider
able disadvantage, .and, In fact, of an
unparalleled majority on the other side,
are fighting boldly for national rights.
Under the circumstance It Is inevitably
a great deal of the guerilla type of
fighting, it I the only possible one,
and It Is by no mean useless or hope
less. Mr. Balfour, having got himself
and the government Into a pretty mesa
over business, has tried to hedge by
taking away th disposal of private
members. Ellis Griffith secured through
the ballot for the consideration of the
question of the further extension of
self-government to Wales, was taken
away after a severe opposition. The
speaker was kept from hi chop and
Mr. Chaplin from his onslaught on
Shaw Lefevre until the dinner hour
had gone by, whilst the Welsh member
discussed and divided the house In the
lawful assertion of their right and
privileges. Greater opposition will
come later, for the education scheme of
Sir John Gorst will be fought at every
step, whilst the agricultural rating bill,
which D. A. Thomas calls a bill of Job
and plunder, will be opposed tooth and
nail. Meanwhile the ranks of the party
have been fairly filled up, and even the
invalid member, Reese Davies, and oth
ers, are to be found back In their
places.
THE TORIES AND THE WELSH
LAND COMMISSION.
The Tory party has never liked the
Welsh Land commission, and ever since
the present government has come Into
power it has rather hampered than
otherwise the work of the commis
sioners. We all know of the home
secretary's disinclination to interfere
for the protection of the witnesses,
who are suffering In consequence of
their giving evidence against their
landlords and their agents. We now
Und another government department
Inclined to Interfere quite unduly. The
commissioners who, in the exercise of
their duty, propose to give the coun
try a complete and exhaustive survey
of the many-sided aspects of the agrari
an question In Wales, have been urged
by the officials of the treasury. In terms
that are considered to be extremely of
fensive, to bring their labors to an early
and premature close. This is more than
the patient commissioners can stand
and they have not hesitated to tell the
treasury that they deem such demands
entirely unjustlllable. One or two of
their members have gone so far as to
threaten resignation, and it is most
likely that the matter will very shortly
be brought under the attention of par
liament. Meanwhile the relations be
tween the treasury and the commis
sioners are strained almost to snapping
points.
WELSH INSTITUTE FOR LONDON.
Thomas E. Ellis, M. P.. addressing a
meeting of the union of the London
Welsh Mutual Improvement societies,
held in the metropolis recently, under
the presidency of Sir John Williams,
Bart., delivered one of his highly i.iu
mlnative and suggestive speeches. He
hoped the time was not far distant
. when London would have some more
concrete and permanent symbol of
Welsh unity than it had up to the pres
ent. There should be somewhere In a
convenient center a Welsh institution
which would form a meeting place for
Welshmen of all denominations, classes,
creeds and parties, wun a worthy and
characteristic building worthy of
Wales and characteristic of Wales
where should be gathered Welsh books,
Welsh pictures and Welsh records II-
i lustrative of the constant educational
and other public activities of the Welsh
people In Wales and In London. This
at present might nppear a dream, but
what one generation dreamed of anoth
er generation realized, and he was not
altogether without hope that there
might be reared within a few years in
the midst of London an Institute which
should be a symbol of Welsh unity and
of the living power of Welsh national
ity. WELSH
The Duke of York l.-.oeepted the po
sition of an honorary member of the Hon
orable Society of Cymmrodorlon. He
tween sixty and seventy members have
been added to the society during the last
three months.
Cardiff as a metropolis of Wales would
have keen impossible fifty years ago. in
the address delivered by the late Lord
Aberdare then plain .Mr. H. A. Bruce, M.
P. at the Merthyr Eisteddfod held Sep;.
2, Its.',, tho population of Cardiff at that
time was given as half that vf Merthyr
and Aberdare a fact which at the preseut
time Is very easy to realise.
The Vicar stolio of Wales has given
Father O'Halru. late of Llanelly, pastoral
charge of Radnorshire, In which there
has not been a resident Catholic priest for
4(H) years. The total number of Roman
Catholics scattered about through the en
tire county does not exceed 200. Father
O'Halre has already settled down and be
gan duty at Llundrlndod, where he pro
poses to establish his headquarters.
Pant-y-cymnor, although It has lost Tom
Richards, and that its celebrated main
choir Is In danger of being disbanded,
does not propose to allow its musical emi
nence to be snuffed out. A Pont-y-cyin-mer
Ladles' liliolr, which is now being
formed under the conductorship of Miss
Edwards, O. T. S. C, of Puntygog, is bent
upon keeping the choral fume of the dis
trict unsullied before the world.
Fifty years of service In the employ,
ment of the one and the sume company Is
a record not often met with in this rest
less ase, but even this record has been
attained by Mr. William Prlchard, the
chief manuger of the shops and brewery
cor'nocted with the Khymney Iron com
puny, and the employes 'have presented
him with a handsome silver epergne, val
ued at 50, In celebration of the unique
event. Mr. Prlchard earns to Khymney
from Brecon In lotti.
VENICE A DELUSION.
An Englishman Finds It Not at All
Entrancing.
An Englishman who has seen Venice
but to be disillusionized, writes of hi
impressions to the Westminster Budget
as follows: "Here is a description of
what these canals are, taken from my
diary, and It Is literally truthful, which
the oocts and the painters never see.
On cither side staggers a crowd of de
cayed buildings; from the roof down
ward they are a mass of squalid ruin;
broken balconies cling to the stained
and discolored walls, great scabs of
plaster have fallen from their fronts
as If a leprosy had eaten Into them;
for a foot above the water the walls
are black with slime, the broken win
dow are stuffed with rags or paper,
the shattered step lead up to doors
that swing by one hinge; the steps
themselves ore slippery with a greasy
scum; to the edge of the lower stair
there is a fringe of foul green weed
It swings slowly In the crawling water;
the Iron grilles, once so beautiful, are
eaten by bitter salt rust; the shutters
hang at all angles, flapping and creak
ing In the wind; In the crazy balconies
there Is a number of broken flower pots
with dead flowers In them and through
all these reeking alley the greenish
gray water slowly pulses and oozes,
covered with straw, egg shells, cabbage
Btalks and nameless refuse. Over all
this brood a hundred filthy and ob
scene smells, each canal contributing
a particularly putrid stench of Its own.
No longer does Venice sit in state; hour
by hour, and stone by stone, she Is
sinking Into her dishonored grave.
"Night in Venice and music on the
canal that surely would have It old
charm. I had pictured the oft air,
pulsing with sweet voices, and over all
a sky "thick Inlaid with patlnea of
bright gold." Well, every night about
8 the singing certainly began, guitars
tinkled, and now and then one heard a
fairly good tenor voice, but as a rule
the men's voice were harsh and worn.
And the women' indescribably shrill,
and the songs they sang were Verdi
and Bellini at their worst, "Ah che la
Morte," and Its companion absurdities.
And when once they began they kept
on, no sooner had one boatload of sing
ers exhausted Its repertoire than an
other took up its place and repeated
the same songs with the same quaver
ing and tinkling."
RHEUMATISM Is caused by lactlo sold
In ths blood. Hood's Barssparllla neu
tralises this acid and completely and per
manently cures rheumatism. Be sure te
get only Hood's. , . -
HOOD'S PILLS cure nausea, sick head
ache, IndigeaUen, biliousness, gold by all
WW- ... , .
COOKING AS DONE
BY ELECTRICITY
MUleuiaii tor rlMsckeeers Wfcea Hi
Use Bccoaes QeaeraL
FEATURE OF THE ELECTRICAL SHOW
Some of the Astonishing Things
Shown at the Exhibition of Elec
trical Worker ia New York.
Women Stand AmasecAll Kindt
of Cooking Saectasfallr IoneThe
Cost of a Iloasekold Onttit.
The star feature of the electrical ex
position in New York Is not the col
lection of Udlson exhibits nor the Tcala
oscillator, but the department where
cooking In a dozen different ways Is
expeditiously performed by eleotriclty.
Says the Sun: "No matter what time
Of the day or evening you may visit the
show you will always find a crowd
around a certain exhibit on the left side
of the main aisle. There Is a raised
platform here, so that, above the heads
of the spectators, you can see the trim
caps of three wom?n. And you can
smell things! Such funny odors to be
hanging about an electrical exposi
tion! There Is an aroma of coffee and
a beguiling fragrance of warm cake.
Every woman who enter the hall sniffs
the air and then literally follows her
ncse. They watch Miss Sickles and
her two assistants as children watcn a
candy maker. And when they see what
a serene, drawing-room affair electric
ity makes of cooking they sigh pro
foundly. " 'Talk about your Rentgen rays!'
said one woman as she watched Miss
Sickles make chocolate frosting on one
piece of Iron with a string to It, while
she baked the cake In a sheet-Iron
box with another string to It. 'If peo
plo would pay half as much attention
to this cooking feature of electricity,
there wouldn't be so much talk about
marriage being a failure.'
ELECTRIC STOVES.
"The pieces of Iron with atittgs were
stoves. They come in different (lies.
There are small ones six Inches In dia
meter, and upon ti ls en can a cup
of tea In less time t'aun it would take
to build an ordinary tire. The 'string'
which is tied to this stove Is the In
sulated wire. It haj a psg at one end
and a peg at the other. One peg goes
Into a hole In the wall; the other peg
goes Into the side of the six-Inch 'stove.'
That is all there I to it. You stick the
pegs In and the electricity doe the
rest.
"The Iron box into which Mis Sickle
put tor batches of dough, and out of
which she take her bread and cake
and other good thing, is an electric
oven. It ha cells of wires running all
around It Inside of It double sheet
Iron case, and you can use the same
cord for It that you used for making
tea if you wish. No one but a house
keeper can appreclite propen the
beauties of this electrto oven. Every
cook knows that for one thing a 'quick'
oven is needed, while far another a
'slow' oven Is absolutely essential.
When electricity is the fuel, nothing Is
easier than to secuie quickness and
slowness at will. Pull out handle In
front and you have a slow oven; pull
out two and It Is a quick one. Almost
anybody's brain could grasp that. Then
too, the electric oven bakes evenly on
nil sides. When It Is introduced, tne
time will be past for burning th top
of bread while the bottom Isn't done,
or for letting the cakss stick to th
paa before they are browu on top. It
sometimes seems as If an ordinary
cooking range threw all of Its heat
out into the atmosphere of th? kitchen.
" 'The oven just won't bake!' la the
frequent wall of the cook, who never
theless Is well ntgh baked horself by
being near the stove. With the elec
tric oven It Is not so. The outside
surfaces are Insulated, so that prac
tically all of the heat 1 confined te the
Interior.
OTHER MARVELS.
"But an oven Is only one of the mar
vels of the cooking exhibit. Next to It
Is a broiler. Now, of all deceitful do
mestic articles the broiler Is the wortt.
The electric grill will have an opportu
nity of endearing itself to the long
suffering cook, if cooking by electricity
becomes prevalent. It 1 ready for
work In a few minute after the current
is applied, and it absolutely forbids the
production of smoked or gas-flavored
steaks and chops. The Juices are col
lected In a pan beneath, so that they
can he used In basting.
"Miss Sickles n ukes tea, coffee and
chocolate by electricity, and quite as
coolly and comfortably as If she were
making bouquets. Te coffee pots make
the French 'drip' coffee, and, Inasmuch
as the coffee pot contains its own
'stove.' there is no excuse for its get
ting cold after it Is put on the table.
This stove consists of a coll of wire In
the bottom of the pot. On the same
principle are the lurge urns for making
tea and coffee In restaurants or for .any
large number of people. The electric
dialing dish is un the same plan. It
means good -by to the alcohol lamp
with its pleasing habit of setting fire
to the table cloth, and its unspeakable
odors.
"There seem to be no end to the at
traction of those portable little stoves.
They are Just Ilk a thick stove lid,
only very much cleaner and well pol
ished. They can be carted all ever the
house, to the nursery or the sick room,
wherever there is electrical connection.
One can make, almost anything on
them, from a cup of hot water to a
steamed plum pudding.
"nut perhaps the greatest boon of all
Is the electric iron. Ironing day will
cease to be a nightmare when people
shall be able to go Into a cool, com
fortable kitchen or laundry, stick a peg
Into an Iron, and go to work. You will
nevr nped to change your irons then.
Ail day long. In fact. Just as long as that
peg is kept In Its place, the Iron will
be ready for business. They are al
ways clean and bright. If the house
wife simply wants to 'press out' a few
handkerchiefs, or a seam, or a rumpled
piece of cloth, she can stick In that peg
and do her five-minute Job and be
through with it. She doesn't need to
wait until there is a fire and the Iron
are hot.
"The unfortunate part of It all Is that
at present electric cooking is out of the
reach of most people. It can be intro
duced only slowly. In the first place
a house mutt have electric connections
of sufficient power for lighting. If it
has wires of that else, then It Is a com
paratively simple thing to arrange the
cooking department. It is also cheaper
and easier in small places than it la In
cities like New York. In tmaller towns
the electric light wires are generally
carried on poles overhead, and a wire
can be put Into the house as easily as a
telephone connection can be made. In
a city where all these wire are In un
derground main the expense becomes
a much more serloua consideration. A
New York house can be wired for cook
li" la1u,ndry Purposes for from $300
to 11,000. It can be seen, therefore that
a fn0.un Lhe millennium Is In sight It la
tin tar oiT.
"Even after the connections are made
there la till a good deal of expense to
be Incurred. The utensils for cooking
are all specially constructed to be used
with electricity. Every one contains Its
'BX?v'iJ??e . kettle " "nply
a tea kettle. It is a tea kettle and stove
combined and can be run Independently
of any other utensil. All of the articles
are made of the best copper, nlckle plat
ed, and yet they do frighten an old
fashioned housekeeper by their cost
The Irons cost from ft to $10, the porta
ble stoves from $6 to $15, chafing dishes
from $16 to $26, coffee pots and tea ket
tles from $6 to $10. In spite of the ex.
penae attendant on thla new domestic
departure, there are a grt may houses
in which It has been introduced. The
most prominent example in this vicin
ity. In New England there are a good
many houses In which electricity does
the brunt of the work, but It Is th west
which has been the most progressive In
this direction.
ANOTHER PROGRESSIVE NOTE.
"Woman and cienc do not generally
go hand in hand, but they are coquet
ting with each other in a moat promis
ing fashion. Right next to the cooking
exhibit la another of deep Interest to
women. It 1 the electric sewing ma
chine. 'Running' a sewing machine
will lose Its terrors under the new re
gime, and women will have to find some
other way of getting backaches. With
the electric sewing machine, the only
thing necessary Is a single pressure of
the foot upon the treadle. That sets
the machine in motion, and It will ew
straights head until the pressure la re
leased. It can be made to go fast or
alowly at will, and can be stopped In
stantly. The electr'.c curling iron heat
era also appeal to the feminine mind.
So do the electric bed warmers and the
electric 'poultlcer.' the electric piano,
and the burglar alarms.' "
THE ORIUIN OF PEARLS.
They Always Form Aroand a Foreign
BodyCajse of Iridescence.
From the London Chronicle.
Professor Stewart'a lecture at the
Royal Institution waa about the shell
forming habits of the lamelllbranchs. or
oyster family. The shell-bearing mol
lusks. he said, are all endowed by na
ture with the very valuable capacity of
depositing beautiful films of calclte or
carbonate of lime from the cell of their
soft cuticle or outer skin. In this way
they build up their sheets.
The detailed structure of the shell Is
worth studying. The layers of calcare
ous matter nearest the cuticle are beau
tifully smooth and polished, forming
the well-known mother-Oi-pearl, known
to coologlats as naore. The deposit
takes the form of exceedingly thin,
semi-transparent films, and it Is from
this cause that the beautiful Iridescence
of nacre ariaea. Brewster, many years
ago. thought he had proved conclusive
ly that this iridescence was due to ex
tremely fine lines on the surface, be
cause a cast taken of the nacre in wax
exhibited the saf.te lrtdeacence. Pro
fessor Stewart mentioned that he had
repeated Brewster' experiment, and
found that the Iridescence of the wax
waa due to fine fllma of nacre adhering
to it. It may now be taken for granted
that the nacre film produce what are
known a "interference" effects In dif
fracting light and give rainbow tint
on th same principle as Newton's ring
and soap bubbles.
The usual source of pearls found
within the oyster appears to be the
Intrusion of tome small foreign body,
which sets un an Irritation of the
cuticle. The only means of defense open
to the mollusk Is to deposit a layer of
nacre round the Irritating particle, and
thus cut it off from the soft, tender
skin. A grain of sand, a small crusta
cean, or a diatom may slip in between
the lips, and, setting up irritation, pro
voke the cuticle to deposit around It a
series of thin films of nacre. These are
added to from time to time, like the
kins of an onion, until ultimately the
little nucleus Is completely encysted,
and a pearl 1 the result.
In this way many curious deposits are
to be seen in mother-of-pearl, for the
oyster arollc the tame remedy to all
sorts of foreign bodies, of whatever
character they may be. Professor
Stewart had even seen little fish Im
bedded In the nacre. The Chinese, with
their ingenious habit of turning natural
phenomena to account, have taken ad
vantage of this to artificially excite the
growth ct pearls In oysters. A favorite
device I to Insert an H-shaped piece
of wire into the mantle border, by
mean of which ordinary pear-haped
pearls are produced. But the process
1 not confined to producing ordinary
pearls. Larger object are Inserted and
coated with nacre, especially metal
figures of Buddha, which yield much
prized copies in pearl of that divinity,
generally used a charm.
THE DlPaV CHANTY.
Thu spoke the Lord in th vault above
th cherubim.
Calling to ths angels and soula to their
degree:
"Lo! earth hath past'd away
On th smok of Judgment Day.
"La! earth hath pats'd away
On the amoks of Judgment Day.
That our word may be established, shall
we gather up ths sea?"
Loud ang th seul of the Jolly, polly
mariners:
"Plague upon the hurricane that mads
us furl and flee I
But the war Is dene between us.
In ths deep th Lord hath seen us
Our bona we'll leave the barracout, and
Qed may sink the seal"
Then tald the soul of Judas that betrayed
Him:
"Lord hast thou forgotten thy covenant
with me?
How once a year I go
To cool on the flue.
And y tako my day of mercy if ye take
away th a!"
Then tald the toul of the angel of ths off
shore wind:
(He that bits the thunder when th bull,
mouthed breakers flee)
"I have watch and ward to keep
O'er thy wonders on the deep,
And ye take mine honor from me If yo
take away the teal"
Loud sang the aouls of th Jolly, Jolly
mariners:
"Nay, but we were angry, and a hasty
folk are wt!
If...WBtwol'kd tne BhP together
1 1ll she foundered in foul weather.
Are we babes that we should clamor for
a vengeance on the sea?"
Thus tald the souls of the slaves that men
thixw overboard:
"Konneled In a plccuroon, a wearry band
Were we;
liut the arm was strong to save,
And it touched us on the wave,
And we drowsed ths long tide idle till
thy trumpets tor the sea."
Then cried the soul of the stout Apostle
Paul to (Jod:
"Once we trapped a ship and she labored
woundily.
There were founteen score of these,
And they blessed thee on their kneej.
When they learned thy grace and glory
under Malta by the sea."
Loud sang the soult of the Jolly, Jolly
mariners:
Plucking on their harpt, and they
plucked unhandily
"our thumbs are rough and tarred,
And the tune is something hard
May we lift the Dlpty Chanty tuch as
seamen use at tea?"
Then tald th souls of th gentlemen
adventurers Fettered wrist to bar all for red Iniquity:
"Ho, we revel In our chains
O'er the sorrow thai was Spain's;
Heave or sink It, leave or drink it, we
are masters of iht seal"
Up spake the toul of a gray Oathav'n
speckshloner
(He that led the flentlng In the fleett of
fair Dundee): '
"Ho, the ringer and right whale,
And the fish we struck for sale,
Will we whelm them all for wantonness
that wallow In the sea?"
Loud sang the soul of the Jolly, Jolly
mariners,
Crying: "Cndor htaven, here Is neither
lead nor lea!
Mutt we sing forevermore
On the windless glassy floor?
Take back your golden fiddles and we'll
striko far open tea!"
Then stooped ths Lord and he called the
good sea up to him.
And 'stabllshed his borders unto all eter
nity, That such a hav no pleasure
For to praise the Lord by measure,
They may enter into galleons and servo
him on the sea.
Bun, wind and cloud shall fall not from the
fau of It,
Bringing, ringing spindrift, nor the ful
mar flying frte.
And the ships shall go abroad
To the glory of the Lord,
Who heard the silly sailor men and gave
. luvm insir sea.
Rudyard Kipling, j last summer while the. doctor waa in
'. .(ia.'i.-A bus J -tAk.. Ait a fikn-t U
THE SUBTLE FORCE
OF HYPNOTISM
Now SaKcetuMly Used ia ths Practice
of Mediciae.
EXPERIENCES OF THE PHYSICIANS
Beneficial I'ses of the Power Whose
Existence Teas of Thousands Still
Deny A Professor Who Meddled
With a Professional Hypnotist.
According to the Sun, hypnotism In
New York has broken out In epidemic
form. It says: Public Interest In the
mysterious agency has been aroused
locally by the exhibitions of profession
al hypnotists now performing at places
of amusements, and there have fol
lowed all kinds of experiments by tyros
who find enjoyment In the exercise of
a power which Is by no means devoid
of an element of danger. Outbreaks of
Interest in the matter have been peri
odical here, and when the excitement
hase died out and the parlor experi
ments have become mere memories,
those who are really making any scien
tific use of hypnotism keep right on at
their work and study In this compara
tively unknown force, turning it to
what account they can. These are
mostly physicians.
People in general are divided Into
three classes of belief, or disbelief, of
the subject; those who utterly refuse to
admit that there is any such thing as
nypnoiism, tnose who regard It as a
form of necromancy, a weird and un
canny supernatural power given to a
few persons of demoniac tendencies,
and those who, recognizing It as a
psychic force, seek to establish It by
experimentation as a branch of science.
Even though scientific men now admit,
practically without exception, the ex
istence of this power, there are thou
sand of intelligent people who regard
it a a pure fake. Undoubtedly the
performances of many self-styler mes
merists, animal magnetists, and elec
tro biologist, who travel about chiefly
In small towns, giving exhibitions with
two or three confederates, are largely
responsible for this skepticism. In thla
country, where tthere are no lawa
against the practice of hypnotism, as
there are In many European lands, any
peraon who chooaea may aet up as a
hypnotist, real or pretended. Outside
the many pretenders, there are three
classes who perform, or attempt, hyp
notism: the physicians, who make use
of hypnotism in their practice; the pro
fesslonals, who really posses to a
marked degree the power of exerting
this Influence over others, and the ama
teur, who attempt it for fun.
USED BY DOCTORS.
The physician who use It are prob
ably the largest class of the three. It
must not be supposed, however, that
these doctor are the ones who adver
tise themselves as magnetixers. On the
contrary, they are, as a rule, loth to
have It known that they exert hypnotic
Influence In certain cases, because of
the prevailing prejudices against it,
and of tho belief of many that any
doctor who claims the power Is a quack.
Yet hundreds of reputable and respect
ed physicians in this city employ hyp
nosis not only In cases of nervous
trouble but also as an anaesthetic in
surgical case. This was done success
fully forty yara ago by the famous
surgeon. Usdalle. It has been done re
cently by Dr. George F. Shrady for
surgical operations, and In cases of
nerve or brain trouble. Dr. Starr, Dr
Hammond, Dr. R. Osgood Mason, and
many others of their high standing
have found it effective where other
remedies had failed.
A typical case In surgery was that
of a woman In one of the hospitals
here who was obliged to undergo a
painful operation on the thigh. Dr.
Shrady was to perform the operation.
For certain reasons, concerning a con
stitutional peculiarity of the patient, it
was deemed Inadvisable to give her any
anaesthetic. She dreaded the pain of
the operation, which was not a danger
ous one, and begged the physician to
give her something to deaden the pain.
It occurred to his mind that being of a
high-strung nervous temperament, she
might be susceptible to hypnosis, and
before tho time set for the operation
he experimented on her with the result
of finding her an easy subject to hyp
notize to an extent, although she did
not fall Into the profound condition of
somnambulism often seen In these
ease. When the time for the operation
came and the patient was put upon the
table. Dr. Shrady said to her:
"Now, I will tell you when we are go
ing to begin, but first we must prepare
the instruments and bandage, and
while w are doing that you must lie
perfectly still and not raise your head."
At the same time he made passe
down her face and across her forehead
until she became tranquil. Making
sure that she could nut see what he was
doing, he took up his knife and made
an Incision, saying:
"Now, I am preparing by fixing the
bandages on the place. You feel no
pain,"
Speaking thus to her as he cut and
probed, he went through the entire op
eratlon, the patient under his assur
ances that there was no pain, suffered
nothing. After the operation was over
she asked:
"When are you going to begin to cut
me. doctor?"
in many surgical cases trials of hyp
notizing fail, the patient returning to
the normal condition under the pain of
the operation, but the attempt is suc
cessful in so many cases that it is a fre
quent resort of surgeons under circum
stances where the use of drug anaes
thetics Is impracticable.
FOOLISH PREJUDICE.
"Prejudice against the employment of
this agency In such cases Is foolish."
say Dr. Shrady. "Often hypnosis Is
preferable to anaesthetics if it can be
successfully used, as there is no danger
of effects provided the physician under
stands the practice."
Nervous diseases are very often treat
ed with the greatest success by hypno
tizing. Hysteria, hypochondria, ner
vous prostration. Insomnia, and even
such obstinate diseases as St. Vitus'
dance and dipsomania have been cured
by It. A well known nervous special
ist of this city, whose name Is not men
tioned because the parents of the pa
tient In the case were not told by what
moans their daughter was cured, effect
ed a complete cure In the case' of a
young girl afilicted with St. Vitus'
dance by repeated hypnotizations.
Little by little through his Insistent
suggestion and command to the patient
while In the hypnotic condition she
gave over her twitching and Jerking.
After each visit to Ills office there was
a perceptible decrease In the malady
and the girl Is now completely cured.
But the repeated hypnosis left an after
effect upon the girl's mind, so that now,
whenever she sees the nhyslclan,
whether on the street afar off, or In a
room, her eves become fixed, and she
moves toward him like a fascinated be
ing. It Is, In fuct, a case of self- hyp
nosis consequent uron the mental Im
pression associating the physician with
that state. In time It probably will
wear off. In other cases this same doc
tor has failed signally to cure the same
disease by the same means. Another
up town doctor for several years now
has treated an old colored woman, who
has been a servant in his family for
years, for nervous headaches. When
they flrst began, some ten year ago,
they appeared to be utterly Irremedlal.
It was with small hope of success that
thte physician essayed hypnotism. It
proved completely successful. Ordering
tne om woman to iook nxediy at a glass
ball, he soon put her to sleep, and upon
her awaking an hour later she declared
heraelt perfectly cured. Since then,
every recurrence of the headache has
been treated with similar success, but
Europe old Dinah had an attack that
kept her In agony for two days, de
spite the effort of an associate of tne
hint doctor to alleviate the pain.
ONE OOOD CASE.
One of the most remarkable core on
record la that of a wealthy young man
of thla city, who some year ago be
came a victim of drink. His family had
been patients of Dr. R. Osgood Mason,
and the young man when suffering
from the effects of his debauchee would
come to Dr. Mason's office for treatment
and help. Finally it came to a pasa
where the doctor told the young man
that he was in a fair way to become a
dipsomaniac. If he wasn't one already,
and that his reason or hi life would be
the forfeit if he couldn't control his ap
petite for alcohol. The young man said
he would take the pledge. A month
later he staggered Into Dr. Mason' of
fice In a pitiable condition, the effect of
a week's debauch.
"For God's sake, doctor," he cried,
"make me sleep or I'll go crazy or kill
myself. I haven't dared close my eyes
for two nights because of what I see
when I do."
It was evident that he was on the
verge or delirium tremens. Making
htm lie down on the lounge.- the doctor
sat beside him and began making
stroke acrosa hi forehead. Soon the
young man said drowsily;
"You're putting me to sleep; don't
stop."
For many year Dr. Mason has made
a study of hypnotism. He determined
to try suggestion In thla case. When
the young man had become quiet, he
asked htm:
"Are you asleep?"
"Yes," said the young man.
"But you can hear what I say, and
understand?"
"Yes."
Then the doctor went on to Impress
It upon his mind that he must keep
away from liquor, telling him emphat
ically that thereafter the very smell of
liquor would be repulsive to him. On
coming out of his sleep the young man
remembered nothing of what the doc
tor had said to him; but a few weeks
later, going into a barroom for a pack
of cigarettes, he caught a whiff from a
glass of whisky and became violently
nauseated. Since that time he has not
touched liquor, and. Just as Dr. Mason
told him, the very smell of it Is re
pugnant to him.
UNSUCCESSFUL.
Sometimes the use of hypnotism has
discouraging result even where the
cure 1 effected. Such was the case
with a young physician who has a good
practice on the upper west side. The
wife of a prosperous buslnett man ent
for him to treat her for persistent In
somnia. After other attempt to cure
her had failed he hypnotised her by the
Charcot method of throwing flash of
light Into her eye from a mirror, and
after a few visits had induced a condi
tion such that she obtained natural
sleep. Soon after he pronounced her
cured her husband came in to the doc
tor' office in a condition of great ex
cltment. ,'!W,!'.at nav yu been doing; to my
wife?" he demanded.
"I've been curing her," aaid the phy
alcian. "is anything the matter?"
"Enough la the matter. You've been
practicing aome mesmerism or some
such tomfoolery on her."
"Hasn't It had the desired effect?"
"Oh, I don't say she Isn't cured, but I
want to ask you what right you had to
make a fool of her that way."
"I make a fool of no one," said the
doctor shortly.
"Didn't you shake a mirror In front
or her and tell her some rot about mes
merizing her?"
"I did hypnotize her, and that is why
she Is cured."
"Well, It's a damned outrage. There's
no such thing as hypnotism or mesmer
ism. It s a fake. You're a quack. How
dare you hypnotize my wife?"
"If It's a fake, how could I hypnotize
her, you blazing Idiot?" cried the doc
tor, getting mad.
"Of course It's a fake!" shouted the
man. You've made a fool of my wife
and now you're trying to make a fool
or me.
..K.'.Doi"n nc?d to!" retortd the doctor,
nut I u make a surgical case of you if
you ever come here again. Get outl"
And so he lost a good patient.
HYPNOTIZED THE "PROF."
The second class of those who use
hypnotism are the professional per
formers, such a those now exhibiting
In thla city. A a rule they confine their
appearances to the smaller towns, and
the present smm r intu. i ..-
art, aa they call It Is responsible for the
""' ineiropon. urten they
have with them their own subjects, in
troauclns: them n . k... .1.1.
not In all cases collusion and trickery.
- ."imn, susueiHiDie subjects are
hard to get and some of the person
called "acmmtillxau" k k. j.
" 3 IHU.1 wins ui-
believe In hypnotism are generally hyp-
.v,.cu vjj un- pCTiorrner, ana are paid
to travel around with him because of
the IieCUllar rhlimrtHurin tirhlnK
era them sensitive trh tkA itiflu.,..
. - w '-V MIIUX71MJV.
Often.however, tho "professor" will take
buujcvis m ranaom irom tho audience.
When the renortpr vm at frJiuo- i ..
mall town in this state, a hypnotist
named Carpenter advertised a per
formance in the local opera house.
Nearly the entire college turned out,
with the Intention of having fun with
him, but those who came to scoff re
mained to dance Jigs, crawl on all fours.
Stand OIL their henAa nlav IrOtan
tallow candles, and perform other un-
iirenieuiiaieo, ieais incited thereto by
Professor Carpenter. The man was a
wonder. Tn tha ourltin.A .rod rM tr
who filled the chair of philosophy In
nit? i-uuL-gtf. ne nau promised nis class
a lecture on "Mesmer and the Hypno
tism SuDerstltlnn" nn tho Mlnn ln.
and had come there to get points. While
me resi or me audience was lost In
wonder Dr. H. was openly amused and
skentlcal. Suilrlonlv Prnfan r.m-n.
er, seeing him laughing, extended a
mm iuwa.ru mm ana maae a motion as
If nulling In a rope, and, as if he were
tied to the enrl of th mna rt.. u
came up the aisle. Amusement'had died
out or nis race, norror and distress fe-
Inir SUbRtlriltpfl TTn ha wan. n v.
stage, amid a breathless silence.
mow," said tne mighty carpenter,
"you are a gay young chap (Dr. H.
was then about C; and severely Puri
tanical). See the rjrettv drl nv.i th...
Why, she's waving at you. Isn't she
nice:
A smile of delleht hdnbn nn tho
lines around the doctor's mouth.
"Actually, she' trying to flirt with
you," pursued the professor. "Here's
a handkerchief to wave at her."
The hllfthnml nf n nlnna tvlfo fa thaw
of a family of seven children, and ter
ror or tne senior class in college flut
tered the handkerchief and simpered
likA a frtvnt rrtve rhnrna irtel A AaaA
silence held the audience.
"Kiss vour hand to her," suggested
the ikofessor. "That's right. Again.
Say 'Ta-ta.' "
'Tn-tn " ftftrwiif tho ollthnrtt V nn .thin.
as if his one Interest In life was that
flirtation.
'I4rw uha nnmam mi. viii. n .....
around her. That's It, only not quite"
-mat win ao, sir, said one or the
other members of the college faculty,
suddenly rlslns- In his nlare In I tip nu.
dlenre. "I forbid you to go any fur
ther."
Anil PamtAlltap ttaa tt.laA annti.h .a flo-
elat f n r at a wnrt fpivn .ha Intaminta.
the college boys would have run him
out of the house. Dr. H. never fully re
covered from the shock of that night's
the college president, who told him in
fear and trembling. Nor did he ever
deliver the promised lecture.
COMMON DANGERS.
Of all those who experiment with
hypnotism the most to be feared are
the parlor hypnotists. Even those who
have made a life study of the phenom
ena of hypnotism admit that It Is as
yet a practically unknown science. Yet
people who know nothing about It often
try it out or curiosity, feeling a pride
In being able to manipulate a power
ao great and mysterious. A typical
Can't Eat
Breakfast ' " ;
a failing altogether too common
with Americans. Due generally
to excesses of some sort, whether
over-work or dissipation the re
sult is the same. "The candle
is being burnt at both ends."
The man who begins the day in
this way is living on vital forces
that should be husbanded. If
yon can't eat in the morning as
you should, take a glass of milk
containing a tablespoonful of
Bovinine
The effect it marvelous. You
will have taken a food stimulant
that nourishes, makes new blood,
new bone, new flesh and nerve
tissue, and one that has no re
action. Every vital organ of the
body will be kept in a normal
condition and will be enabled to
throw off disease. Bovinine is
a powerful concentration of the
life-maintaining elements of lean
beef, all of which are preserved
by the special cold process em
ployed in its manufacture.
Doctors everewhere will com
mend it, and druggists sell it
case which occurred thla year In a
house on Fiftieth street, not far from
Fifth avenue will show the danger of
this. There was a small gathering of
young people there. The talk turned
to hypnotism, and the hoateis declared
that she and one of the men present
could hypnotise anyone. A young man
who had Just come In from out of town,
on a delayed train, and had hastily
dressed and come there without stop
ping to get any dinner, was selected as
the subject. Having had no food since
noon he waa rather faint, but made no
objection to the experiment. It waa
decided that the two hypnotists should
"will'' him to go to the hall and get
from the hoiteia'i jacket a handker
chief. The two, putting their hand on
hi shoulder and looking at him fixed
ly, toon got him under the Influence,
hi condition being tuch a to render
him peculiarly susceptible. A he ap
proached the hall there was a tumult
In the street outside, and the shouts of
a crowd. There had been a runaway
accident. Those in the house ran out
upon the stoop, Including the two who
had acted as hypnotists, the hostess
catching up her jacket to throw It
over her shoulders. When they re
turned they found the subject fumbling
at the rack where the jacket had hung.
They attempted to rouse him from his
condition, but without success. A phy
sician was summoned, who ordered him
at once removed to his home. For two
week he was between life and death,
brain fever having set In. On his re
covery his memory of the events of the
evening, and of that entire day, was
blotted out.
In view of many cases similar to this
most doctors will agree with the opinion
voloed by Dr. Shrady: "No person ex
cept a regularly accredited practising
physician should experiment In hypno
tism, and not even a physician unless
he has made some special study of the
subject. It Is too dangerous a force to
be carelessly tampered with. In time
I hope to see the enactment of laws
prescribing sever penalties for any
peraon other than a physician hypnotiz
ing another, .and for any miause or
abuae of thla power whether by a physi
cian or a layman."
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