r
"J
. I
THE SCBANTON TRIB CNE SATUBDAT MORNING, " MAY 9, 189C.
9
THE NEW JAND OF GOLD
It So Longer is California; It is Par
Alaska.
THERE MILLIONS NOW BECKON
Put the Worst of It Is ThejT. Already
Prc-EmpteJ-Lassoing Iccberss in
Mid-Oceon-Scenery of Vn
ppcakoble Grandeur.
Written for The Tribune.
We arrived at Juneau at 6 p. m. on
FChtJule time. BlvlnB us nearly five
hours of daylight and twilight to por
umbulate and investigate this typical
mining town. Juneau. In the last dec
ade, has Rrown from an Insignificant
group of Indian huts of the Auk tribe
Into a wide-awake and bustling town.
Kvery building here, every white In
hnbltant. indicates aetlvity and pros
perity peculiar to live mining ramps.
Juneau more nearly resembles some of
our roughest towns in the frontier west
than any other place in Alaska. Ju
neau is the largest town in the terri
tory and the center of great mining
operations, now in their comparative
Infancy. Its location is on the north
or mainland shore of (lastlneau Chan
nel, ten miles above its entrance. The
town site is at the base of Juneau moun
tain, which rises almost perpendicular
3,000 feet above and Is covered with
swjw to within 900 feet of tho streets of
rhfl. town. -Tln Slope w scparnteu from
ttjd monnPifnyXIoM cnvki so called
- from Its gold mines, which are located
some three or fotfr miles up the ravine.
The surroundings of the town are very
picturesque; both shores are densely
wooded, und It is amazing to see how
tenacious of life are the firs and cedars
which lind root on slopes almost per
pendicular. Here, as elsewhere. Is a
rich and tangled mass of undergrowth.
A few miles back of Juneau up the nar
row and picturesque ravine, or gulch,
lies the famous Silver J'lnw mining
basin. These mines were the first ones
discovered. In the winter of 1S71I the
Indians revealed the existence of gold,
showing some specimens to Captain
IJeardslee. of the I'nlled States steam
ship Jamestown, then lying off Sitka
harbor; but the first white man to dis
cover and develop them was one Jo
seph Juni-nu, a year later, and after
working them at great profit, sold them
at a fabulous price and spent the pro
ceeds in riotous living the r.evcrscs of
fortune compelling him latterly to seek
employment in the name mines as an
ordinary laborer. He is now at Yukon
" liver trying to retrieve his wasted for
tune. MINING HISTORY.
Juneau has been honored with five
different names, the lust In honor of this
bold pioneer, und this region Is now
called the 'Juneau District."
The Juneau mines were purchased by
F. 8. Nowell, a Boston capitalist, In
ISS7. nt which time the Nowell fiold
Mining company was organized, com
prising this tract, together with ad
joining territory and nearly a million
dollars has been expended In the pur
chase and equipments und development
of the same. The ore deposit Is very
large, and It is predicted that In the
near future several hundred more
stamps will be used In reducing the
ores of these rich mines.
Juneau owes its prosperity to the No
well .Mining company, through Its
president (T. H. Nowell) who has, by
- this industry, kept the town alive amid
the depressing times, and it promises
to become the metropolis of the terri
tory. Juneau has ni population of 1,W0
whites uslde from Indians and half
breeds, who number .100. Tn the win
ter this Is more than doubled by min
ers, who are unable to prosecute their
workt and rendezvous here until spring
opens, und further augmented In sum
mer by tourists and traders. Pros
pectors make Juneau their headquart
ers. Her thief channels of trade are in
supplying mining companies and min
ers with general supplies, und trading
in furs with the Indians who come
. from far and near with their skins and
blankets to exchange for necessary
supplies, etc. There are some pleasant
homes, public buildings, and a few
shop and stores which would be cred
itable to a town in the states. , Here
nre three newspapers, a native Pres
byterian mission, a , Presbyterian
church now used by the white teople of
. the Christian denominations, a liomnn
Catholic church, and a Sisters' school,
a government school, two day schools,
a hospital, several small hotels no pal
ace hotels, thirty saloons, nn opera
house, a brass band, a private bank, a
court house and jail combined. Here,
too, are the Federal officers for the
I'nlted States commissioner, marshal,
collector, Inspector, etc.
A GROWING CITY.
ISelng under Mie control of congress
no taxes are levied upon the people, for.
as yet. no title to land has been granted
by the government, although one Is
now pending omd will, without doubt,
be soon granted. As soon as the town
site is granted by the United States
government, through the enterprise of
the citizens of Juneau, a town organi
zation will be made, when taxes will
be levied and children provided with
education, the streets Imoroved. and
. also the city in general. While many
or the streets and n.venues are well laid
out and patriotically named, we noticed
certain crooked and narrow streets.
where the old stumps and gnarled roots
still rorm a rustic ornament- for many
u door yard. Already extensive water
works have been inaugurated by pri
vate capital, a fire department organ
ized and a business men's association.
with Fred I). Nowell as president, who
is the manager of both the Nowell Gold
Mining company und the Mentor's Bay
Mining and Milling company. Juneau
is destined to become the most attrac
live settlement in the territory as the
mineral wealth of this section has been
brought under the control of capital
lsts which will Inaugurate a judicious
neveiopment or the large mineral re-
sources of the surrounding country, and
thus make It the trading center for the
milling interests of Alaska.
A noticeable feature Is the Indian
element of the population which varies
. from 500 to 1,000, according to the sea
' son, that Is largely Increased by the
miners in winter wno come in from
distant claims and prospecting tours.
There are two tribes, the Auk and
Taken, and .the Chllcat tribe further
north come as far south as here, bring
ing their dancing; blankets, furs, carv
ings and silver ornaments. The Auk
tribe have a settlement outside of the
' town boundaries, half mile distant
reached by a muddy foot-path. They
are noted for their dirty primitive cus
toms, among- them of painting the faces
of the squaws with varlouB colors In a
disgusting way. They are said to be
the outcasts from the Hoonah tribe and
have always had a bad name. He von d
their village, on higher ground, Is their
native burial place. Here are many
interesting graves ornamented with
totemlc carvings, and hung with valu
able dance blankets and other offerings
to the departed spirltB which no white
a a re disturb.
HANDSOME NATIVES.
These natives are a Btrange and
curious looking set. having the appear
ance of a cross between Indians and
Japanese. Tho women's faces are
smeared with lamp black and oil which
. . rives them a hideous look, though
' w deemed beautiful bv their own neonle.
They are clad In garments which bear
Borne sort of resemblance to our own,
though often made from blankets of
many colors. They have numerous
cuno stands, and the doorways, street
v corners, public ways, are lined with
- .squaws offering Indian curiosities, old
and new, to tbe Interested tourist. .' As
a rule the squaw does the trading, sell
Ing the wares In the streets, while the
men mn emiuoyed ,. In the mines,
fisheries and hunting, being largely em
ployed by the whites.
The souaw holds the family purse
and dispenses its contents as a rule, and
if the buck is inclined to be inooieni.
she will give him no peace until he ob
tains work. The buck is a natural
gambler, hence the wisdom of the
squaw holding the money purse of the
family. The Indian and his squaw ac
cumulate money and bury It. Many
own their own homes, but the "squat
ter's right" rule has decided that the
Indian shall live in their own settle
ments outside of the town limits, and
the watchman of the town enforces this
rule, obliging all male Indians to leave
the town not later man nine ociock hi
night. This rule was Inaugurated In
the Interest of both races, whites and
Indians, to avoid any conflict between
the races.
Juneau has three excellent weekly
papers, edited with marked ability the
Alaskan Free Press, the Searchlight
and Alaska Mining Kecord. The latter
is the recognized authority ot tne min
ing world.
Juneau has two or three as commodi
ous stores as are found in places of Its
size in the states and present the finest
display of furs yet seen, and at reason
able prices, even to curio hunters;
among them the bear, wolf, seal. mink.
otter, fox. beaver and other skins, and
the celebrated Chllcat dancing blanket.
Those of Koleher & James and Decker
liros. are the most inviting. Juneau
has an electric light plant, which for
four months of the year gives way to
the brilliant light of the sun, taking Its
turn again for the eluht months in the
winter, excepting for a few hours at
mid-day. The difference of time be
tween Juneau and New YtPik Is four
hours. At Juneau we are within eight
degrees of the urvtlci circle, or twenty
three degrees from the north pole. In
June the sun rises at 2A'i and sets at
8.3D, followed by a long twilight.
COST OF LIVING.
The cost of living here Is learned
from the following placards found
in front of the stores: Milk, 12
cents per . quart: Ki', M cents
a dozen; butter, i' cents per pound;
potatoes, $17 per ton: hay. $'ltt per ton;
wood. $! per cord; pine lumber, $25 M.;
l'rllish Columbia coal, SI. per ton.
Fresh meut brought from the Sound is
6o per cent, higher than at Seattle or
Victoria.
Tho saloon question Is agitating the
people of Juneau. It Is a problem diffi
cult of solution for the reason that the
prohibitory law which was enacted by
congress very soon after the purchase
of the territory for the purpose of with
holding liquor from the Indian popula
tlon has proven wholly Inoperative and
Is very unpopulnr with the white popu
lation; hence the Impossibility of en
forcing the law, as It simply prohibits
the Importation of liquor, but not Its
salo to the white population. This fact
has proved a strong incentive to the
smuggling of liquor In the territory,
while the white population are very se
vere with any white man that Is de
tected In the sale of liquor to the In
dians, and will push him to the ex
tremity of the law When detected. It
Is declared to be utterly Impossible to
Impanel a Jury who will render a ver
dict against any liquor traffic among
the whites, as they regard the law in
Its application to the white population
as wholly unjust. The only possible
way of controlling the liquor traffic In
Alaska. It Is claimed, is by repealing
the prohibitory law so far as It relates
to the white population and enact In
its stead a stringent license law, al
lowing the white population of any
town to determine by popular vote as
to how many licensed saloons they will
have in the town and make the license
so high that it will make those that
receive them a detective force against
all others who attempt the traf
fic without license, Liquors are mostly
smuggled from Fort Simpson, H. C,
and the thirty saloons here are amply
supplied. The rnited States govern
ment loses a large revenue In conse
quence.
LOW MORALS.
Juneau Is compared to a western min
ing town, with all Its vices set down In
the tnldst of a native heathen popula
tion, and for this reason the morals of
the community are not of a high type.
and the natives who come to trade or to
work In the mines are often subjected to
the vilest intluenees to be found any
where. There Is tho same disregard for
the Sabbath and Christian institutions,
tho same frequenting of the suloons and
gambling hall, the same recklessness
and vle as Is found In the primitive
west. The effect on the natives can be
readily imuglned. Yet the inlluence of
our Missions are like light houses on a
dangerous coast, The Presbyterian
church and the Mission Home with
Its seventy members and forty scholars
under the care of Rev. L. F. Jones and
wife, and two teachers, are almost the
only factors In the elevation and civil
ization of the native families located
here. Here I must pause to make brief
mention of our visit to the Mission,
where we were attracted by the singing
of the native children. It Is an Inter
esting slight to witness this group of
dark-skinned native boys and girls,
with straight, stiff, black hair, gath
ered around the cabinet organ, singing
the Gospel songs so familiar to us all.
Just think of it, only a few years since
were these little waifs taken from the
dirt, filth and degradation of their own
homea to be cleaned, civilized, educated
and Christianized.- , We nttended the
native prayer meeting and witnessed a
scene of devotion and reverence which
Christians everywhere may well emu
late. All tourists who visit the prayer
meeting of the Mission church with us,
are surprized at the readiness, earnest
ness and promptness of the native In
dian Ih taking part. The attitude and
tone of voice were touehingly expres
sive. Aside from animated singing,
two or three would rise at once, either
to offer prayer or speak. We were
especially interested in four of their
number, who, after an earnest exhor
tation, followed In prayer In their own
native tongue.
"All roads lead to Rome," and nil
routes in Alaska lead to Juneau. Hut
if Juneau hopes to retain her prestige
and grow to metropolitan dimensions,
she must plnne down the sides of her
mountains, or erect sky-scraping build
ings with elevators, to nccommodate
her populace, for nearly every foot of
available ground Is already occupied.
IN A GOLD MINE.
Interesting us is Juneau and Its en
vironments, there are still more de
lightful, spots to be visited. Directly
across the channel on Douglas Island,
Is the great "Trendwell Gold Mine,"
not only the richest gold mine in the
world, but near It Is the largest quartz
mill in the world. This Island Is twenty-five
miles long and from five to
eight miles wide, and Is us much a
treasure Island for gold as the Prlby
loffs are for seals. This one mine has
yielded many times more gold than was
paid for Alaska. Alaska Is called a
"Land of Gold," for here gold "glitters
In the sunshine," when viewed from tlic
Treadwell Ledge, and only awaits fur
ther development of man to unlock yet
undiscovered treasure vaults of the yel
low metal.
We visited this Island and this bo
nanza mine with great interest, and
through the courtesy of Superintendent
Robert Duncan, Jr., .received valuable
data. Its history may be of Interest
to our readers. Hrletly told, In l.xsi this
was a wilderness untouched by tho
white man. - In- 1F82 the' prospectors
from Juneau, coming too late to "stake
off" anything on the Juneau side,
crossed the channel, made a camp and
found "pay dirt" even on the beach,
and the first three days' "clean-up,"
yielded twenty-seven ounces of gold
dust. One far-seeing and practical
miner, John Treadwell, of San Francis
co, on a loan of SluO, secured one of the
original clnlms and bought the adjoin
ing one of "French Pete" for 1300, and
with these united claims formed the
"Alaska Mill and Mining company,"
with 120 stamps and a capital of J 1,000, -000,
composed entirely of Americans
'But In 1889 additional claims were se
cured and tbe transfer of the entire
property was made to the Alaska Tread
well Gold Mining company, controlled
by English and German capitalists,
with a capital of $5,000,004. Since that
time they have spent over $S0O.OW, upon
the works, $300,000 experimenting to find
the best process of chlorinatlon, and
$100,000 to complete a water ditch eigh
teen miles long the power that drives
this vast pile of machinery.
The late Governor Swineford, of the
territory. In one of his reports places
the output of this mine at $100,000 per
month, and expresses the belief that
this region will become one of the most
prolific gold fields In the world, and the
ore actually in sight Is estimated to be
worth live times the sum the I'nited
States paid for the entire territory. He
adds: "It Is surely not incredible that
the company should have refused $lt,
OUO.OflO for Its property! or, thut It pays
a dividend of 100 per-cent, per month
all the year round." There are other
valuable claims on the island and even
at the present enormous rate of produc
tion it cannot be exhausted tn loss than
a century.
MACHINERY t'SED.
This mill runs 210 stamps, welshing
each 850 pounds, with a seven inch
stroke and !)6 drops to the minute; and
has a capacity of 700 tons of ore per day.
These stamps like so many trio-ham-
av.irrs. rise und fall, crushing the ore to
powder. Jt is impossible to imagine
the noise of these 240 stamps. It Is so
deafening that the human voice cannot
be heard and for hours afterwurd tar re
is an echo of the roar In the head.
This mill runs 3K! days In a yenr,
day und night, summer and winter,
never stopping except to set new ma
chinery. The specIV holidays are
Fourth of July and i"lstmas. We
visited the ledge where t.e ore Is quar
ried, which Is four hundred and thirty
feet across, while the pit of nearly
solid quartz Is 250 feet deep. We saw
the tremendous boring machinery
above and the workmen breaking up
the stone below. These shutes lend to
cars In the tunnels below and gravity
takes the ore down through the success
ive processes. The works nnd mines are
lighted throughout by electricity and
railroads connect all the different
branches. There are from lin.tWO to 50.
000 tons of ore In these r.liutes. Knch
car holds a ton which Is crushed In
from one to two minutes. Owing to the
prejudice of the miners compressed air
Is used Instead of electricity. Itlusts
are constantly fired In the pit. In and
around the mine and plant 2K0 men are
employed, receiving wages from $2 to
$7 per day, upwards and board. The
Ingersoil drill Is used and nn expert
will drill forty feet for a duy's work.
The excess he receives Is puld for by the
loot.
It is hard to Imagine anything more
perfect or systematic than this great
mining plant. While the ore Is of a low
grnde, the tact that It can be mined,
milled, chlorinated and run Into gold
bars at the very low rate or $1.35 per
ton, und pay a net profit of $.1.57 to $8.75
per ton, almost staggers the imagina
tion. TAKON GLACIER.
After securing handsome specimens
cf ore from these mines, we board our
steamer and sa.il to Takon Glacier, some
twenty-eight miles up Takon Inlet.
This sail among Icebergs both great and
small Is an experience never to be for
gotten. Imagine, if yuu can, a chan
nel u half mile wide at Its entrance
anil eighteen miles long filled with lloat
Ing lurga of all sizes. Among them are
encamiu-d huge ravens flapping their
wings, soaring In the air, or skimming
the water, even almost lighting upon
the deck of our steamer In their friend
liness; the Intense stillness only broken
by their calls. Here are Icefloes enough
filiating around our steamer to supply
the whole country with ice for a year.
They are of all sizes, ten, twenty, fifty
and even eighty feet above the water,
and five times their height under the
water and floating with the tide, their
forma glistening tn the sunlight as far
as the eve can reach. To witness this
grand dit-play, even to see this one
glacier is well worth a trip to Alaska.
T'iin hioad Ice-Held extends back for
sixty miles with Takon 'mountain ris
ing 2.000 feet above and glacier streams
flowing from the snow-capped peaks.
The track of a glacier Is alwuy V
shaped. All glaciers form a moraine In
their front a deposit of earth and stone
brought from many miles back.
Masses of rock 200 tons In weight are
known to have been carried down the
glacier by the Ice. This lee stream
(Takon Glacier) 13 twenty-five miles
lone, a mile wide and fills Its canons
from wall to wall and Its squarely brok
en front rises from 100 to 200 feet above
the water, which is over 100 fathoms
deep at Its base. It Is lung, deeply fls
suuti' nnd crevossed and five miles of
Its course Is seen from the deck of the
steamer. Approaching the glacier we
can see the ice brake off from It fall
Into the water, with a splush producing
a sound which reverberates like thund
er, ot the roaring of artillery. l'.p to
this hour we have never Been anything
so beautiful, so grund. as these Ice
formations In Takon Hay. Never have
we seen much clean, beautiful and per
fect natural Ice. It is ultra-marine
blue, as It floats on the water, or as
seen at a distance and as It is lifted
through the air on to the steamer, but
perfectly white when lying on the deck
or in the hold.
LASSOING ICEBERGS.
The Queen takes 011 her supply of Ice
here which is usually 150 tons. He
cause of Its purity, all vessels prefer
to fill their Ice-boxes In this basin,
and the process of lassoing tho bergs
and hoisting them aboard Is an Inter
esting one. They nre caught in great
chain nets and lifted by a derrick.
These nets nre made of tho stoutest
two-inch cordage and thrown mound
some one Icefloe, the latter is then
towed by small boats to the steamer
and by means of a donkey engine hoist
ed and lowered into. the hold, cut Into
blocks and stowed away Into her bunk
ers. These floats weigh from Ron pounds
to three or four tons each and are clear
as crystal.
Wiille at anchor our attention was
called to an approaching high beak
canoe, beautifully carved and highly
ornamented. It was a Takon Indian
chief with two attendants. He re
ceived 11 salute from our steamer and
held a short conference with Captain
Carroll. Presently another canoe
rowed up to the starboard nlde, con
taining a promiscuous cargo, which
was offered for Bale and bought by some
of our passengers. Abide from two old
squaws, whose faces were painted In a
horrible manner, there was n large hair
seal Just caught, two young deer, a,
young black bear, a papoose, nl;o nu
merous enrius. The Indian baby was
un attraction to all the passengers, who
showered the canoe with eatables and
knick-knacks und while the baby ate
the cake and candy the bear would lick
the baby's face.
In this Inlet Is another glacier (Nnr
ris) colled after Dr. Norrla, II. S. N.,
and Is said to be larger than the Taku.
At the head of this inlet the Taku river
pours In Its waters. There Is n natural
route from this river to the Yukon of
but ninety miles; sixty miles nnvlgable
tor canoes, and thirty miles through a
low. swampy country. Five years ego
Lieutenant Pchwatka und Dr. C. W.
Hayes crossed over this country to Fort
Selkirk and proved It to be an easy
route to the Yukon mines. British sur
veyors also mndo explorations during
the winter of 1W4.
DAY'S BULLETIN.
At- noon the following bulletin was
posted :
ALASKA EXCURSIONS-SEASON OF
ISM. tNo. 4.).
8. S. Queen. Dally Time Table. .Aug. IB,
18'J3. Lai. of Takon Mlacler, W Degrees,
2 M'lnuten, North. Long, of Takon Gla-
cler lilt Dmtrces, 3 minutes, West. Dis
tance Run. U Mluis.
We will sail through the following chan
nels during the next twenty-four hours, If
not ih la lied bv thick weather: Tnlcon In
let, Stephen'.! Pass-age, Favorite Channel,
Lynn Canal, ley Strait, Glacier Hay. We
will nrrlve at Davlilnon Glacier at S p. m.
At the Millr Glacier at about 6 a. m. to
morrow und remain until the nftornoon.
Pusaengrrs land after- bi.i kfant, which
will be served one hour carter than umial,
(Signed) , Jemes Carroll,,
" ' ' Commander,
h i hi
question of the
ness of the animal fat obtained from the
m
hi
Those who eat food prepared with Cottolene have nothing to feaivIt is a pure
vegetable shortening, free from the unwholesome grcasinessof lard. The housewife who
is seeking the purest and most economical shortening, will find it
1. .t
Sold everywhere." The genuine has
cotton-plant wreath on every tin.
Retracing our steps northward our
steumer passes between Douglass and
Admiralty Islands and through Favor
ite Channel, In Lynn Canal, the most
sublimely beautiful nnd spacious of all
mountain-walled channels we have yet
pushed. The scenery surpasses in gran
ih tir all that has been seen In more
southern lutltudes. This is a romal'k
uMk fiord of 430 fathoms depth, ex
tending for sixty miles directly north
Into the mountains, there terminating
Into two forks, one lieeomlng the Chil
knot Tnlet and the other the outlet of
Chllcat river, which Is another pass
over the mountain, many hundred miles
tn the headquarters of the great Yukon
river. This river Is not only one of the
largest on this continent, but one of the
largest In the world and from the point
at which miners strike it to Its mouth
Is over 2,000 miles, ot which fact I will
speak later.
With each day and each hour of tlw
day, our trip becomes more, and mure
fasclnnting. Vegetation almost ceases.
High mountnlns line the shores, pro
ducing wonderful cloud effects, and no
less than nineteen great glaciers pour
their Icy floods down their sides,
SEWAKD VILLAGE.
The next point of Interest reached
was Heward, near lierner's Pay, so
named in honor of the late Secretary
Seward. Here are rich gold mines. A
wharf lias been constructed at this
point by the Herners Hay Wining and
Milling company, who own extensive
mines that are located three to four
miles back of the landing plainly In
view. Alaskan steamers land here.
This group of mines were purchased
by T. H. Nowell some six years ago
and a large amount of development
work was done on the properties by Mr.
Nowell In order to determine tho vnlue
and permanency of this group before
organizing this company. Tho develop
ment work produced such valuable ore
that In November, 1SI2, he organized
the above named compnny, of which
Mr. Nowell is president and his son,
Willis Nowell, is superintendent. This
group of mines consists of thirty loca
tions. The formation is regarded as
the most favorable in the district of
Alaska. They have been developed to
the f00 feet level at the present time
and a forty-stamp mill is now in full
operation, producing from $40,000 to
$60,000 a month in gold bullion. It is
predicted by the best judges who have
examined this group thnt they promise
to become the greatest bullion pro
ducers In the country since the great
Comstock, that made so many multi
millionaires. This company Is now employing from
If.O to 175 men. Not a liquor saloon is
allowed on the camp, nor a gambling
den nor houses of lll-renute. The re
sult Is thnt men ore constant at their
work, save their earnings, nnd have a
deposit with their employers, many of
them of hundreds nf dollars, which they
have accumulated In this camp. The
stockholders of this compnny are
among the wealthy men of New York
and Hoston, as well as that of the No
well fluid Mining company of Juneau.
There nre private corporations; the
stocks have never been listed on the
stock exchange and probably never will
be under the present management, as
these gentlemen are determined to
demonstrate to the financial world that
the same wise business methods can be
Inaugurated In the management of
mining companies as in hanking or In
the manufacturing industries.
Leaving Seward, a couple of hours'
sail brings us to the Davidson Glacier,
and the entrance of Chllcat Inlet, the
most northerly point of the voyage,
int. 5! decrees and 11 minutes, some
1.200 miles north of Tacoma. It matters
not how unimpressionable the tourist
may naturally be. a mysterious sense
of awe Is almost sure to take posses
sion of him when the steam Is explor
ing the two Inlets of Chllcat and Chll
koot. the northern terminus of Lynn
canul. Coming to the great length of
this letter, n further description of the
midnight twilight and the closing scenes
yt this, our fifth day's Itinerary, will
appear next week.
John E. Richmond.
When you think nt the Nickel Plate
Road It brings to mind that delicious
meal you had In the Dining Car. and
the fine seivlce and Low Hates, nnj
you wonder why people will travel via
any other line.
rngtlsh Capital for American Invest
ments. Important to Americans seeking En.
Huh capital for imw enterprises. A ll.it
containing the names anil addresses of SW
successful promoters who have placed
over fl'JO.OHO.OOO sterling in foreign Invest
ments within the last six ytars, una over
lS,(KK).0e- lor the seven months of Wjj
price la or 123, payabla by postal order
to the Lonlon and Vnlveiful Bureau of
Investors, i!0, Chuapslile. London, M. c
Babsciibers will be entitled, by arrange
ment with the director to receive either
personal or letters of Introduction to any
of these euceessf ul promoters.
This list Is first class In every respoet,
nd every mull or firm whoso name hi.
pears therein may be depended iqion. Fur
placing ih following it will he found in-Valuable-Honds
or ehftres of Industrial,
Commercial and Financial Concerns,
Mortgage loans, Bale of Lands, Patents or
Mines.
DlrectOlt-STR RDWARD C. RO88.
HON. WALTER C. r-KPYS. :
. . CAPT, ARTHUR 8TIPFR.
V Copyrljjat
wholcsomeness of the food
j -
THE N. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY;
Chicago, "?&2s-L New York, IMUladclpliIa, Pittsburgh.';..
ABOUT THEJ0J1N FLY
Not the Kind That is Put Into One's
Lemonade.
Hl'T THE INSECT PESTIFEROUS
An Kntcrtalnlng and Instruotlva Homily
on the Anatomy and Habits of a
Familiar Specimen of tho
Animal kingdom.
From tho Reading Times.
If the lly were possessed of a eense of
humor. It would surely find amuse
ment from the manner in which Us
whole life bids defiance to man's so
cial code. Hatched upon a heap of the
mo.it revolting filth, In whoae midst the
whole of Its larva and pupa statts are
passed, and which will again, serve as
cradle and mirsery for Its own young"
unnbushed by Its lowly origin It pre
sumes In Its perfect form not only to
enter fearlessly our houses, churches,
palaces nnd courts of justice, but pene
trates into their most sacred recesses,
nnd actuuily assumes everywhere to
take precedence of man himself. And
this Is not all. Without hesitation it
thrusts itself upon tho privacy of his
table, his sleeping apartments, even his
bath: und, in each place, seems more
unbearably Intrusive and self-asserting
than tn the last.
it insists upon a first taste of his
most, costly and delicate plat. It sips
from his cup before ho has had time
to raise it to his own Hps. By its rusli
Ing3, Its buzzlngs, Its bittngs and its
ever-returning Headings with tickling
feet upon the most sensitive portions
of his person. It, at times, nearly suo
ceeds in driving man to abandon that
most cherished of all hl possessions,
his hearth and home.
In an ancient Greek fable our enemy
Is made to say of himself: "It is well
known what my pretensions are and
how Justly they are founded; there Is
never a sacrifice that is orrered. but I
ulways taste the entrails, even before
the gods themselves. 1 have a free ad
mission nt court, and can never want
tl: King's ear, for I sometimes sit upon
his shoulder. And then, I eat and drink
of the best of everything without hav
ing to work for my living. What life
Is to be compared to mine'.'"
THE FLY FAMILY.
The fly family Is so very large that
It would be Impossible, to crowd even
the nnmes of Its different varieties Into
the space which Is permitted to my
little Kkotch. Naturalists have already
discovered more than eight hundred
species, and some one or more of these
many kinds are to be found in almost
every part of the world. Wherever
animal or vegetable life can flourish,
where food can be found or eggs de
posited, there a fly or some sort Is sure
to be. Malgen, who ranks, I believe, as
very high authority on Kuropean flies
and their kindred, counts the species
of -the old world as numbering about
five hundred and fifty. Of these .there
Are nearly one hundred kinds to be
found in Knglund nlone. Here in Amer
ica we have as many more then, as
Australia has her peculiar breeds, you
will perceive how formidable the list
might grow. Indeed, Cuvier once said
of it; "Well may the young student be
come alarmed."
Hut fortunately for us, there is no
nason at present why we need be ap
palled at its dimensions, for we have
only to do with.
THE COMMON HOUSE FLY.
or rather house flies. Even among
these, our well-known little house
mates, there Is a difference so marked
that I dare say many of my renders
although they may be unversed In
species have themselves noticed It.
One of these, the iinrpgla. Is nearly
ns often Inside our houses as even
Musca Domestlca Itself. It always en
ters on the approach of rain, and has a
somewhat emphatic, if not attractive
way of calling our attention to Its spe
cial personality. It rejoices In the pos
session "f a particularly lung., slender
nnd lancrt-liko proboscis, which it
fairly inserts by way of greeting into
the person of some member of the fami
ly, just ns EOiin ns possible ufter Us
arrival Indoors. Its bite In of real se
verity. Is often felt through more
than one thickness of clothing and gen
erally draws blond. This amiable guest
of ours carries her proboscis raised
when the thirst of blood Is noon her;
at other times ehe either retracts It. or
wears it pressed ugalnet her thornx.
THIS PROHOKCI3 OF THE FLY
Is most 'interesting. When examined
through the rnlerscope It shows great
beauty, as well 11s a wonderful adap
tation to the work which It has to
perform. It Is formed of n tubo-llke
development of a portion of the under
lip, and Is composed of a soft, spongy,
muscle-like mass. It Is divided Into
sections, nnd can bo doubled up, elong
ated, left exposed or drawn within the
head, nt the pleasure of the Insect. A
powerful muscle, shaped like a very mi
nute nose extending throughout Its en
tire length, . and It Is lined with the
finest Imaginable hairs. The end ter
prepared with vegetable oil.
hog is and always has been questioned
trade - marks "Cottolene" and steer's head in
'
minates in two flattened Hps which pos
sess a considerable power of suction.
Through this tube the fly obtains its
food. When eating a dry substance,
like sugar, it ejects upon it tiny drops
of moisture, which causes it to melt,
and tit it for being sucked up. This ac
tion can be verified readily, and with
out resort to the microscope, by feed
ing a fly with some dark-colored Jelly
and then placing him upon a lump of
sugar, which will noon become discol
ored In spots. A bit of nowly-washed,
white linen may serve for the experi
ment perhaps, even better than the
sugar. The lly, which has certain epi
curean tastes, seems to agree with
Heau. Rrummel In thinking "There is
nothing in nature equal to the perfume
of clean linen" , also to believe that if
it were well moistened, this same per
fume might be extracted and eaten.
MOST UNBIDDEN OF GUESTS.
It would be useless to deny that this,
our enemy, Is the most tiresome and
provoking of unbidden guests; that his
offenses are legion. He defiles our
choicest fond, confections and bever
ages, not only by tasting them with his
lips but by treading upon them with
his feet, which may have been any
where last. He deliberately and mali
ciously dances upon the bald head of
the most august and highly honored
guest at our dinner table, or on that
of the most cherished member of the
household. Ho buzzes in the ear of the
orator at the acme of his peroration,
or sharply stings the neck of the prima
donna in the midst of her most elabor
ate trill. He alights upon the nose of
the surgeon, disturbing brain and hand
when a human life is hanging upon
their steadiness. He Is guilty of every
mischief, disgust nnd diablerie to be
found in the calendar nnd he gives us
in return what? First, a continual
and free acrobatic exhibition that Is un
surpassed anywhere; und secondly, he
Is supposed to be a steady consumer
of microbes, those Invisible horrors that
fill'thc air with danger to man; a ben
efit so inestimable that it should serve
to dwarf and render pardonable all his
puny teasings. A favorite Held for the
display of
HIS AGILITY
Is the window where he amuses himself
by the hour In alternately Walking over
the panes, and buzzing up and down
them. How does he do it? How manage
to cling to thnt smooth und slippery
surface; or still more marvelous, to
walk fairly upside down upon the cell
ing? Does any one surely know? Men
of science have made a Ftudy of It
have spent weary days and years In
trying to solve the problem. Each has
hud his theory. There have been plaus
ible conjectures some discoveries made
only to be afterwards proved mistaken.
The latest, and It is Just now very well
received, Is that the hairs which thick
ly cover the membraneous discs of the
fly's foot, themselves terminate in mi
nute discs. These ex-rt a power of
suction, which, by reason of their num
ber, becomes considerable enough to
support the weight of the lly; while,
at the moment the suction Is exerted, a
fluid exudes from the hair discs which
adds to their adhesive power. This
may prove to be the true explanation
of a phenomenon that has ballled clever
men.
At the
APPROACH OF COLD
tho swarms of flies rapidly diminish In
number. A curious discuse appears tn
lie borne to them upon the wings of
the chilling autumnal winds. Instinct
ively they crowd within the shelter of
our warmest rooms; but even this falls
to save their lives, nnd they die cling
ing to walls, window punes and draper
ies In the attitudes of life, but with
bloated abdomens ringed with white
and distended to deformity. Others,
free from this disease but enfeebled anil
grown stiff by reuson of the cold, are
destroyed and eaten In great numbers
by other insects, and by birds.
There are still, however, a good many
left to hibernate In the warm corners
of our homes, and to uppear again
after their winter sleep in the first
sunny days of early spring. They are
somewhat rusty and very clumsy. It Is
true, at first, but soon, by dint of brush
ing and illuming themselves, they ac
quire once more nn air of youth; and,
following In Its train, seems to come to
them a great amount of hustling en
ergy, which they display by buzzing
here nnd there In search of fond; or In
greedily sucking uwny at such stray
morsels as they may be fortunate
enough to come upon,
MISSION OP MADAM FLY.
Hut It Is not alone Hint she may eat.
drink and be merry that the life of
Madam Fly hns been preserved through
nil the dreary days of cold. A great
responsibility has been given her; she
has n duty to perform upon which de
pends the future of her race, und she
will not fall. Faithful to her earliest
associations, she seeks for some mass of
filth a pile of decaying, vegetable mat
ter, or still better a dung heap suits her
taste or needs and here she proceeds
to deposit her eggs, While choosing
for them a locullty so repulsive, she
ptaces her seventy, eighty or ninety
eaga with a precision and orderly array
that Is truly beautiful then leaves
them to tho heat of the sun and the
kindly caro of Mother Nature. Time
hows her trust to have been not mla
placed; and the resulting supply" proves
The healthful-
m
ever unfailing, and even more abund
ant than Is necessary ta satisfy our
fullest desires.
THE BALLOT FOB'WOMKS.
(Published at the Request of the Ameri
can Woman Suffrage Association.
Tho legal and civil illsa-bllitlea of wo
man are a vlolutlon of human rights, am
oillous abuse of power on She part of the
stronir, with the rruul axiom carried out
In the action "miKht makes right." Wo
man Is today ready for olvlPllboriy, by the
progreiis she has made, and by tee duties
thut have been thrust upon her by
changed conditions, which campul her to
labor outside ef domestic lire, for Ber
own ami her children's support. Women
nre Just as capable of Judging anil determ
ining the use of jUHt and equitable laws
as men nre. and have as strong love of
country, und us exulted und pure' patriot
Ism as men have.
. - 11 I1 'I
woman has from long centuries of lna
blllty to earn for herself, been compelled
to economise the money grudgingly doled,
or freely given, und abe will tarry Into the
national household her spirit of economy;
and order, her love of detail, and hato ot
waste and foolish expense, will reform
government, ami suppress sinecures and
accumulation of offices, will produce much
from little Instead of, like men, produc
ing little from much; and the poor tax
payer will not find fault witn the change.
Tho negro always 'IceJs that hls chanco
for seeurjig Justice Is Increaeed by having
one of his own race on Uu Jury If tried
fur crime, or suspicion of crime, yet wo
man is muilu amenable to laws, and
tried, even punished by deuth, under
laws to which her consent hue never been
asked or given; it Is declared "men shall
be tried by a Jury of their peers," she is
tried by a jury of masters by right of
both sex and law; deprived of the-ballot
alio has no means of protetction against
legal or Judicial Injustice.
, ..." 'Ml
Possessed of the voting power they will
stand before the law equal with men, aal
will bo able to not only redress their ewit
wrongs, but to vote lor purer men; if we
men go to the polls, tho better class of
men will go thaae who are now conspicu
ous by their absence, and have by their
neglect turned municipal governments
over to a class of men with whom they;
would not entrust a purse for ten sec
onds. Under such conditions every evil
has been fostered, thut will drag down and
ruin the youth of the land, for sons follow
the father's example, oftener than the
mother's counsel when they pans from un
der their control, lCiigllsh municipalities
are better governed than those of Ameri
ca; there women vote, and the ballot U" a
symbol of dignity, as well us of liberty,
and it nlone can give real citizenship.-.
Kllzubeth Lylo Huxon.
No Air, No Life.
Pneumonia
suffocates,
because the
swollen
solid, ana
keep air
from the
lungs. Dr.
Acker's English Remedy
reduces the inflammation,
so the patient breathes
freely, and is soon well.
M iss R. R ay , 3 54 W. 22d St. ,N. Y. ,
says: "When threatened with
pneumonia, I took one bottle of Dr.
Acker's English Remedy, and the
pain and cough disappeared."
3 sizes, 25c.; 50c.; $1. AU Drncclsts. ;
Acker M cuicine Co., II) 18 1'limiiben 8l.,2. Y.
CNDCans st thi Huhut Mcoiot Autmositiis
VCATARRH
iHEADACHESaHHa
1NJUI.EK will cure you. A
wonderful lionn to luifrren
from old., StoroThroal,
InSnonvM, Hreaflhltls,
or HAY JT.Vtli. AlnrM
imntraiatirrlitf. AaeflJcient
Vl'ln.ilv Nmpnl..llniun.
In porket, resrlT to n en Brut Imiinttiun of eel,
t'nntlnutirt I'.o Klt'ecU IVrmaitcnt Cure.
FtfilfttacUonmiuTOntceu or money refunded. Prlre.
' rt. Trial fro nt DniegKm. Reentered null,
30 ccins. U. D. CUJHU1H, lilr., Ihrsi Hjtli, Lici, D. 3. 1
OCT HM AWT' !B
YlPMTrf fll 1'htl arc" l eafeit restedy for
IHfcfll I nol. UklndNmturKi'enm,llr..lt
Ittinutii.niil Sorei, Huriia, I'mi. tVaaderrul rem
rely f..r PII.KiS. Price. St ril. at !ru(-D A I M
1st4ir hy U.101 uropnu. AdUrei.naabOT.'DHIHI
For sale by MATTHEWS BROS, ani
JOHN II. PHHLP9. Seronton. Pa.
ROOF TIMING AND SQLDEM3
All done away with by the usf of HART
MAN" 8 PATUNT PAINT, which consults
of ingredients well-known to all. It ean ba
aijplloil to tin, salvunlzed tin,- alutt iron
roofH, also to brlek dwellings, whiuh will
lirevcnt absolutely any rrumblliiij, erack
Inn or breaking of the brlfk., It wll out-,
last tlnnlnir of any kind by miwyyoars,
and Its cost does not exceed nno-llfth that
of tho cost nf tinning. Is.sold.by the jokl
or foil ml. Contracts takes y ,
ANTONIO HAilTUANN. till Birch
TV? WJMfll
it
rt .o iss
1