THE SCBA2STOH TRIBTTNE SATURDAY MOTINTNG, JANUARY 18. 1890,
0
'Facts of Interest
To Women Readers. -
Symposium of Information, Partly Grave,
Partly Gossipy and Partly Gay.
, In the Looker-On for December, a
masaslne, by the way, which is tit to be
read by bright women everywhere, ap
pear a number ot observations "On the
Departing Woman." They are bo apro
pos and no apt that we make bold to
quote a portion of them. "We hear a
good deal, in these Inter days," the
writer says, "about the Coming Wo
man. She casts her shadow before. Hut
meantime there is another figure on the
stage not unworthy of our attention. I
suppose we must call her the Departing
Woman. If this is to be her lost ap
pearance, as the hand-bills say; if she
Is to be finally and forever displaced by
the new. arrival, then there is all the
more reason for making; our observa
tions with promptness and precision be
fore Bhe vanishes from our sight. I
must confess an Immeasurable grati
tude to the Departing Woman. She has
played her purt well. Whe has lllled a
large and noble role with credit and re
nown. She has moved us to happy
laughter and purifying tears. Wanting
her presence, life's drama would have
been dull and worthless, and often base.
And if, forsooth, the next act is to be
played without her, I for one would
join heart and ham in applauding her
while she still lingers on the stage, and
never suffer her to leave without her
well-earned ovation of praise.
"The Departing Woman, according to
modern accounts, has been horribly
liandieuppcd. It must be true, or else
so many people would not agree in say
ing it. I!ut In spite of her handicaps
she lias done wonders. Her education
has been abominably neglected. At
least no they tell us. And, yet somehow
or other, she has succeeded lnperform
Ing the InrgeHt, nnd by no means the
worst, part of the world's teaching. I
will venture to say that 75 men out of
every 100 who know how to read and
write and cipher learned these primary
accomplishments from a woman. Jn
the army of instruction it may be true
that most ot the generals and staff-officers
have worn the trousers; but what
advance would they have made without
the patient, skillful work of the more
numerous captains and non-com-mlssloned
officers In skirts? Is It a
lexs important or a less diflleult task
to awaken the young mind to a desire
for knowledge and to truin it In the
Jlrst exercise of Its powero, than to make
new discoveries In the sciences and new
inventions in the arts?
-II-
"Even here the Departing Woman has
not failed to make her murk. There is
hardly one of the branches of modern
learning, or of the departments of mod
ern Industry, from astronomy to cotton
spinning, that does not owe something
to her insight and skill. Hut if she hus
devoted her attention chiefly to the
simpler rudiments of knowledge and the
liner arts of living, this also has been
much to the world's gain. No one could
be found at once so capable and so in
teresting. In conversation, in letter
writing, in nil the delicacies of human
Intercourse, she has been, and still Is,
our mistress, and the moldcr of man
kind. "It Is true. I suppose at all events It
Is commonly asserted that her charac
ter has suffered from the tyrannies of
mun. And yet she has heen broad
enough to exercise a controlling influ
ence on all sorts and conditions of men,
and strong enough to do the main part
In upholding the moral standards of the
world. I do not fancy that she has had
a better rhunce In Armenia than in
other countries. Here is what an Ar
menian said of her the other day: 'It
is the Armenian woman who has pre
served the Armenian, nation. The pat
ient dignity, the devoted faith, and the
unflinching heroism of the Armenian
wife, mother nnd daughter are tradi
tional among their native hills and in
the archives of their race.' Where is the
nation from which you do not hear a
like testimony? The world's highest
work hns been done, the world's noblest
deeds have been achieved, the world's
upward and onward movement has been
maintained hitherto, under the Influence
and inspiration of the Departing Wo
man, Who could have expected it from
such a poor, dwarfed, down-trodden and
neglected creature?
-II-
"In religion her pre-emlner.ce and
power has been acknowledged as a mat
, ter of course. It has been generally ad
mitted that she has kept far ahead of
man in such affairs as praying and
reading good books and going to church
and exercising the heavenly virtues of
faith, hope and charity. There has even
been a disposition to grant her a monop
oly of these things. 1 nm sure that
when we get a sight of the Directory of
the Celestial City we shall have no right
to feel surprised or offended at the pre
dominance of feminine names. JUit I
do not mean to dwell upon this side nf
the subject. I want to stick close to Its
terrestlal aspect. Looking at the prac
tical results of religion. and at the church
as an institution which Is designed to
benefit the present world, it would lie
hard to overestimate the good Influence
of the Departing Woman. Bhe may not
have kept up to date In her views of
Moses, but she has understood how to
help the poor. Her perception of fine
Hark!!!
to the Voice of the Grateful.
The greatest of all fame spreaders are the
loosened toagnes of those made well
; v" FROM TH1 EAST.
.". ' 'Mm J. B'Akks, 175 W. Mth New York
I- Cify: "I have need Humphreys' Specifics for
V , years. I cannot praise them too highly. "71'1
"77"
- -.
v. us proved a bleating."
Mrs. W. F. Hancock, Marlboro, Hum.: "I
5 jvei H" with great iueeesm,"
. FROM THE WEST.
E. E. Prince, Pastor of Church of Christ,
' Clarion, lo writei : "77" has cured a bod
Cold in my wife; she only used one-fourth of
- aottle. ,
, FROM THE NORTH. ',
W. R. Stivunbok, Hallomet, Ottawa Co.,
Mich. : . "I bad a very bad Cold; I need three
; bottle! of "77;" it cured me quick."
Mrs. Feco. W. Gilbert, Chicago, 111.; "I
. harw used your Bpeolflcs with the best results,
especially "7!" for Grippe. "
' FROM THE SOUTH. '
F, STtUvwstU New Orleans, La,'. '1 have
' v frond 77" very effective." . ,
' Mrs. Huo Matbr, Princeton, Ky.t "I
need 'TT" for Grip and Colds', am so much
pleased .with the accau of it that I want
some more." . . . , .
- ; . " t ..
r' Small bottles ol pleeaaat pelleU-fit your
tost pocsei; soia oy arngg-iscs, or sent on re-
oelpt 01
i tmrert'
ipt or Dime, mo.: or ne ror ei.vu. tium-
jteaiciae vo mm na wiuiam efc.
New York,
points in doctrine may be a little hazy
along the edges, but she knows what it
means to love God, and your neighbor
as yourself. She has been the main
stay of hospitals and asylums, and be
nevolent societies. I honestly believe
that nothing but ' her unconquerable
prejudice In favor of good works and
plain, wholesome religion, has kept the
church many a time from degenerating
Into a theological debating society, and
talking Christianity clear out of sight.
This is ho small service. It Is all the
more remarkable as coming from a per
son who is alleged to have a compara
tively small mind.
-II-
"I will admit, for the Eake of argu
ment, that the Departing Woman has
her limitations, prejudices, and peculi
arities. Rut I will not consent to call
them faults. Many of them, us for in
stance, her vfews in regard to mice, are
endearing, although, or perhaps be
cause, they are not altogether reason
able. Rome, like her Inability to keep
accounts her own, I mean, for she
often shows amazing skill in keeping
those of other people can do no great
harm as soon as we recognize
them. And others, such as her
unaccountable fondness for read
ing aloud, her llrmly-ronted opin
ion hat the shortest way to every
man's heart Is through his stomach and
her invincible tendency to give a per?
Bunel turn to all conversation, while In
themselves things not conformable to
philosophy, are yet in their ultimate
and undesigned results, highly bene
ficial and productive of much pleasure.
Bo that, upon the whole, we may con
clude that even the limitations nnd pe
culiarities of the Departing Woman
have added to the joy of life and 1 in
creased the gayety ot nations.
-II-
"It must, for instance, be conceded
that she is absurdly subject to the
caprices of fushion. All men say so.
Hut sowchotv she manages to subjugate
them all in turn to her feminine quality.
She may wear wings on her shoulders,
or hang a wire cagu from her waist, or
carry a hump on her back, but through
all these quaint disguises she looks like
herself. Kor the one thing that the De
parting Woman has not deslrec is to
be mistaken for a man. She Is open to
compliment: and In spite of what the
doctors of pyschology have said about
its necessary effects, she can digest it
without Injury. She is capable of re
ceiving the homage of gallantry with
out falling into the Insolence of a ty
rant In petticoats. Hut she has her own
old-fashioned taste In the mutter, which
Is quite unlike the preference attributed
to the Coming Woman. The Departing
Woman has not been pleased by cour
tesies offered to her person In dispar
agement of her sex. She would rather
be referred to as a woman than praised
for the accidental symmetry of her foot,
or the exceptional perfection of her
mathematics: faculty In short, she
has the singular humor of not caring
to be regarded as a freak of nature,
even for the sake of becoming a miss
ing link In the chain of evolution to
ward a new order of society. She has
her own little vanities, of course, per
haps almost as inuny of them as her
husband or her brother; but they ap
pear like humilities by comparison with
the grandeur of her fixed Idea that, there
Is no quality in the world quit ; so wor
thy of revereftce as that which belongs
to her alone the quality of womanli
ness. .
"The world's literature would be a
blank without the figure of the Depart
ing Woman. She has been the central
point of line ambitions, the prize of
noble conflicts, the guiding star of
heroic hopes. She peoples the palace of
imagination with her presence and all
the temples of true fame echo with her
name. What were the Greek drama
without Antigone and Iphigenia? or the
poetry of the Renaissance without
Beatrice or Laura? or Shakespeare's
stage without I'erdlta and Juliet, Cor
delia and Desdemona? or modern fic
tion without Kllcn Douglas and Flora
Mclvor and Jeannie Deane, without
Lady Esmond and Lorna Doone and Ro
mola and Lucy Desborough' And what
are all these shapes of loveliness and
vital power but forms of her who has
inspired man's best efforts' since time
began, his counterpart, his other self,
'not like to like, but like in difference'
the Departing Woman? For my part,
I am sure thut the best thing that we
can do Is to pray that she may not de
part after all. She has done'o much
for us that we should be lost without
her. Let her stay with us nnd she will
have a better chance than ever before.
Set her up in another kind of type, if it
must be, but let her keep the same
meaning. And, merciful Heaven, for
bid that she should ever lose her in
scription which she has carried on her
heart since it began to beat 'but yet a
woman.' " .
HOUSEHOLD SUGGESTIONS:
To exterminate red ants In a cupboard
place In it an earthen dish contuining a
pint of tar, on which two quarts of hot
water has been poured.
To roast Bmall birds, fasten the heml un
der the wings. Lay a thin slice of pork
on the breast of each bird, and a piece of
bread underneath. Houst in a hot oven.
In washing grulned woodwork use clear
water or weak, cold tea. Where there are
linger marks to be removed, such as
around the door knob or on the window
sill, a little fine soap may be used, for soap
should not be used on this woodwork if it
can be avoided.
It is not necessary to have fresh and
green things for all snluils. The cold
cooked vegetables may be utilized aspar
agus tops, peas, beans, rold potatoes and
beats, cut In rubes, or any of them, mixed
together with a few cuiiers and sliced
olives. This dish for any salad .should be
riiitutw iiiHius wiin a. raw onion.
To mend a broken planter cant paint the
broken surface over two or three times
with very thick ahcjllac varnish, and after
each application burn out the alcohol over
a. name, w hen the shollao Is sufficiently
soft press the parts together anil hold in
position until coot. It will be as strong
as it was before being broken.
A manufacturer of pianos gives the fol
lowing method of cleaning a rosewood or
ebony piano case: .Make a suds of whlto
castlle soap and iiiKewunn water; dampen
a soft SDonge with this, and wash the sur
face of the wood, one side at a time; take
a small brush for the keys, and wipe them
off afterward with alcohol and a soft
colth.
Furs will look much improved if
they are cleaned with bran heated in the
oven. Hub the hot bran well into the fur
with a piece of flannel, then shake the fur
to remove all particles, and brush thor
oughly. Fur collars that have become
soiled from rubbing against the hoJr may
be made to look like new by using hot
bran on them. Apply the bran a second
time If the rur is Duuiy soiled.
A nutritious article of diet for sick chll
dren may be made as follows: Put on the
fire a pint or mint anil stir into it a lahle
unonnful of around rice and a little suicur.
let it boil, draw It to one side and allow
'the whole to simmer for quite halt an
hour. Strain it through a sieve and servo
either hot or cold. If the child is conval
escent a pleasant addition would be some
pieces ot canuiea lemon peei uoneu wun
4hn milk ' - - -. .
Amber Varnish. Take one pound of
amber and ten ounces linseed oil, beat
them together In an iron vessel over a
slow Are, then add one pound oil of tur
pentine. Stir well together, and It is fit
for using.
. Orills, to Temper. To temper1 drills so
that they will bore the hardest steel
known, heat- to dull redness and plunge
Into a strong solution, of zinc chloride.
This hardening is only superficial, and
will have to be repated after the drill is
ground. -
Soiled Ribbons, to Clean. Soiled ribbons
can be nicely, oleaned by washing in a
strong suds made of 6ap bark. Do not
rub he ribbon nor use soap, on It; draw
It smoothly through the hands, end press
too water out or it in me same way, u
wringing would crease It. Rinse In bluing
water. When partly dry roll on a round
glass bottle filled with very hot water
and leave till perfectly dry.
Kid Gloves, to Clean. Stale bread Is
sometimes used for clean! kid gloves.
Th gloves are put on und the softer part
of the bread 1 broken up Into crumbs and
the bands are rubbed one over the other
as in the act of washing, the crumbs being
thus rubbed over all the parts of the
gloves. Sponge rubber Is also often used
for glove-cleaning. It is applied I. e..
It Is rubbed over the soiled parts of the
glove. -
A New Use for Potatoes. Paint can be
made with them in the following man
ner. A pound of potatoes is boiled in
water and afterward mushed; then, being
diluted with water, they are passed
through a line sieve, two pounds of Span
ish white and two pounds of water bidng
added. A milk-white color results. Vari
ous other colors can be obtained by the
use of ochres and minerals. The advan
tages of the paint are cheapness and dura
bility, as It adheres well to wood or plaster
and does not peel.
HEALTH HINTS: "
The temperature of a beautifying bath
should be from 70 degrees ao 75 degrees,
and It should be of dally occurrence. A
French Ann has lately Introduced dainty
bags containing almond meal, oatmeal and
orris-root, to be placed In the water a few
mcmeitfx before the bath Is ready. This
renders the water very milky, and has a
wonderfully softening nnd whitening ef
fect. Hath In which milk, bran or starch
has been placed arc found to rniine or
whiten the coarsest, reddest fltln. If per
sistently used. Softness and limine of
skin may be obtained hy the use of a Dim
ple uiiKUent made famous by the Greek
and Human women. The following is de
lightfully exhlllratlng after the bath: Best
white vinegar, one pint; rosemary, rue,
camphor and lavender (of each), two
drams. Let the herns soak In the vinegar
for several hours, then strain. Rub thor
oughly all over the body, and a dellclously
comfortable feeling und a dainty perfume
will remain with one ull duy long. Phila
delphia Record.
Since Adam's day parents have been
warning their children to bware of
cumly, for it would give them the tooth
ache. Hoys and girls have held this ad
monition honorable In the breach arid the
dental profession has waxed powerful.
Now it appears that even the sincll of
sweetmcas is noxious. A man cunning in
all the refinements of dentul torture talil
yesterday: "You ought to see the teeth
of those who work In canity faotorles. In
the mouths of some of 'them, however, you
would see no natural teeth; they are all
false. In the case of many others the
teeth are ruined. The fumes In these
establishments are damaging to the teeth.
It is known that candy-eating is more or
less injurious to the teeth, but that ilons
not compare with the fumes of candy In
the proress of being made. A large part
of my practice comes from the candy fao
torles, and the work brought me In this
way is of the most diflleult kind." Chi
cago Record,
A medical man expresses the belief that
a person could live for any length of timo
and take heavy exercise ull the while on
no other food than sweet milk. Ills con
viction is the result of personal experi
ment, lie wuntec! to establish the fact
that persons convalescing from sickness
muy grow stronger with no other nutri
ment than sweet milk, und that they are
not obliged to take "something solid" to
eat, us o many people Imagine. He holds
that many a convalescent hus gone into
his grave as a result of overtaxing his
weak stomach by putting "solid" food
into it; and he maintains that the old be
lief as to bread being the first essential
of human life Is shown by his experiments
to be erroneous. His test was to live thirty
days with only sweet milk as a nourish
ment, in the whole time ho lost five un a
half pounds In weight, but no strength. He
even attributes the loss of weight to the
warmth of tho wenther und to excessive
exercise on the bicycle and the dally
manipulation of 16-pound dumb bells und
other heavy weights. He took more exer
cise than usual in ofder to test the thing
fairly. On the seventh day of-the experi
ment he ran several foot races with a
skillful runner and wus beaten in each
race. On tho thirteenth day he again
pitted himself against ha same runner and
did the best of the racing, which certainly
would tend to confirm his statement that
he lost no strength during his thirty days'
test. He drank four pints of milk dully
for the last week. He thinks a healthy
person should take about five pints of milk
doily when the other food Is being taken.
Mis practice was to drink milk at in
tervals of two hours during the day,
commencing at 7 o'clock In the morning
and continuing until 10 at night. After
thut he would take no more until next
morning.
Fockl for an invalid requires mtt'.-h
thought und cure, lor the eye as well as
tho palate must be pleased, und the food
should bo nourishing as well as dainty and
Inviting. Something for a change is al
ways called for, ami few receipts may be
welcome: To make Nantucke. raisin
broth boll one pound of raisins slowly in
plenty of water for on hour. Make a
thickening of corn starch, moistened with
cold water, and a small plcco of butter.
Grate a quarter of a nutmeg and season
with a tablespoonful of brandy or two of
wine. Sweeten to tho taste. Servo with
a toasted cracker. An excellent broth for
any one with weak lungs is made from
two pounds of knuckle of veal cracked
into pieces and put over tho Are with two
quarts of cold water. Cover and cook
slowly until it Is reduced to one quart.
Strain and season with salt. Meanwhile
souk three tablespoonfuls of pearl sago In
a cup of cold water, heat by setting dish
lu a pan of boiling water for halt an hour,
and stir ocuulonally. Put the strained
broth in a double boiler and add the
warmed sago to It, cook half an hour, and
then stir Into it one cup of cream heated
to the boiling point and the well-beaten
yolks of two fresh eggs. Let all only come
to a boll and remove from the fire at once.
Serve as soon as possible. Keef and sago
make a very nourishing broth. Have two
pounds of beef from the round cut Into
small pieces and put in a saucepan with
two quarts of water. Cover and rook until
the goodness is nil extracted from the
meat. Strain and senson with salt. Mean
while soak one cup of soga In water
enough to cover it; udd It 'to the strained
broth and return the broth to the fire and
let It simmer one hour. Add the yolks of
two eggs beaten very light. Let it remain
a moment and take from the (Ire. Serve
at once with finger pieces of thin buttered
tonst. Cream soups are a bleaslng change
after plain broths or 'teas. Sago, pear,
tapioca, barley or Ice may be used. Take
anv white stock that Is rich and well sea.
soned. Put Into a saucepan a half vlnt
of the stock and the same quantity of
(By the Courtosy
Ml!
J4JELBA AS gHB LOOKS OFF THE STACB,. . .
From tho Chlcsgi tm 4-Heratd.
cream. When It comes to a boil add one
tablespoonful of flour thoroughly mois
tened with cold milk, and let bull up once.
Have tho tapioca or whatever you wish
to use In the soup cooked and add It to
the soup and nerve. I tar ley requires two
hours to cook, ' rice one hour. - Sago and
pearl tuptocu must be soaked In cola water
half an hour and cooked the same length
of time. Chicken Jelly may be used in a
variety of ways. To make the Jelly tuke a
fowl weighing about three pounds. Clean
and remove the skin and fat. Cut It into
pieces and put them into a saucepan with
two generous quarts of water, a bay leaf,
and some pieces of celery. Cover and
heat slowly up to the boiling point. Let II
simmer for four hours. Then season with
suit and strain, into glasses and set away
to cool. When cold remove the fat. This
Jelly may -be -used cold or heated and
served like soup. Pieces of the white
meat of owl may be cut fine and put into
a Jelly Jar and the liquid poured over them.
When cold It is appetising sliced and put
between thin slices of bread, buttered, und
with the crust taken off. or with slices of
Jellied chicken with tousled crackers.
Rolled rice with egg Is excellent, and
generally liked. Wash thoroughly half a
cup of rice and put It into u double boiler
wuth Just enough water to cover It. When
the rice Is nearly done, if any water re
mains pour it off and add one cup of milk;
and a little suit. Let the rice cook slowly
until done. Beat an egg thoroughly, and
tho last thing before taking the rice from
the tiro stir the csg into it us lightly as
poaflble, nnd serve hot with sugar and
cream. Tapioca Jelly is excellent. To
prepare it soak one rup of tapioca in three
cups of cold water over nlttht. In the
morning put It In a double boiler with a
oup of hot water, and lot It simmer until
perfectly clear, stirring often. Sweet-n
to tuBtu and (luvor with the Juice of half a
lemon und two tablespuur.fuls of winu.
Pour Into cups, and set away until perfect
ly i-old. Whipped cream and sugar may be
served with this Jelly. If preferred, a
blanc mange may be made with tapioca
and milk by suuklng a cup of tapioca in
two cups of water over night. Place over
the tire in u double boiler the soaked tup
iocs, and stir Into it two generous cups
of boiling milk, three tablespoonfuls of
sugar and a pinch of salt. .Let it cook
slowly IS minutes, stirring several times.
Remove from the tire and flavor with wine
or vanilla. Pour into Individual moulds
and set away to harden. Orange Jelly will
often 'tempt and look inviting. To make
it, souk half a package of Cox gelatine in
a teacup of cold water for an hour. Selci-t
perfect oranges and rut them through
the center and remove skins whole. Tuke
a generous half pint of orgnne juice, beat
the white of an egg to u stiff froth and
add to the Julco with. a teacup of granulat
ed sugar a scant pint of hot water and the
soaked gelatine. Set the dish containing
the mixture over the fire In a pan of boil
ing water, nnd stir until It Is thoroughly
heated. Strain and till the orange cups,
and put In a cold place to harden. New
York Sun.
11EK ILLUSION VANISHED.
A new girl came to work on a Buffalo
paper recently to "do the society." Hho
was fresh from a Haptist seminary, but
she hud a longing to be of the world,
worldly. Kspcelully was she ambitious
to Interview actresses and know stage
people. The city editor llnally gave her
a note of Introduction to the manuger of
the IMng Pig Comlo Opera company,
which is now rehearsing In this city.
Miss Jones went around to the theater
last Sunday morning. Dress rehearsal
was in progress. The manager was glad
to see her. She had a guwliful, three
column write-up look In her eye. He
gave her a sent aown In front and tho
rehearsal went on. It was the ' first
timo Alias Jones had ever witnessed a
theatrical performance, except as one
of many spectators. She was now the
entire audience.
And It was so different from what she
hud expected! Life on the boards was
evidently not all violets and rose-col-orcd
discussions on art. The people on
the stage were coarse The prima donna
and the leading tenor were bandying
low Jests, while tho stage manager wus
impartially swearing at everybody wltn
otit distinction of sex.
Finally the manager approached.
"How are you enjoying it, Miss Jones?"
he nsked.
"Very much. Indeed." she faltered,
this being the first He Bhe had ever told.
"Well, come around behind and see
my people." urged the urbane manager.
"I think I mny say withnnt boasting
that I have tho most refined ladies in
the profession."
And away they went to the women's
tlresslng-rooni. Such a scene the coun
try girl had never beheld before. The
scantiness of the costumes quite ap
palled her. And the girls didn't seem at
all to mind the fact that stage hand
were constantly passing through the
room, but went on composedly with
their robing. ati'I disrobing.
"Aren't they a superior lot of Indies?"
nsked the proud manager. "It's sel
dom you see so much culture and refine
ment in the chorus of a comic opera
company."
Miss Jones had nothing to say. but the
manager didn't seem to mind that. He
rattled on In laudation of his company.
Presently one of the girls spoke to him,
saying:
"Colonel.my costume Is rather scanty.
All of It doesn't seem to have arrived
yet."
"Here," thought the visitor, "Is the
one oasis of womanliness In all this des
ert of vulgarity. I'm so glnd that one
of these poor creatures hns developed a
sense of shame." So she listened.
"What's wrong, Flossie?" asked the
colonel. "Your dress seems to be ail
there. A yard nnd a half of tulle and
spangles, and or all the rest of it."
"No, 'taint all there, colonel," re
turned the modest girl '"I can't find
my golden girdle." Buffalo Express.
Ills Reason.
"Why," said one arlor to another, "do
you mispronounce the French language so
persistently in your Impersonation?"
"Why," replied the dialect comedian,
with sweet assurance, "I'm afraid the au
dience would think I am a real French
man and fail to give me credit for act
ing." Washington Star.
of H. ft KoMsaat,)
10 W h-
mm
RelSgloes Fraiuds
Of Various : KindSo
The recent exploits of Francis Schlat
ter in healing disease by the laying on
of hands have suggested to the Salt
Lake Tribune an interesting article on
frauds practiced In the name of re
ligion from which we take that which
follows:.
The r.ame of religion has been
appealed to in every age by men, some
of whom were Impostors, while others
were, no doubt, honestly self-deceived
and devoutly believed that they could
perform miracles. The oracles of
Greece and Rome were of the former
class. They professed not only an abil
ity to foretell the future, but also a
power of healing diseases, though they
were careful to treat only such cases as
seemed, upon examination, likely to
yield to the treatment, while; whenever
the reputation of the establishment be
gan to suffer, fictitious Invalids ami
cripples were brought Into service to be
cured and shed renown on the temple.
Its priests and presiding deity. The
most noted establishment of this kind
was the oracle of Delphi, whose fame
for healing was quite overshadowed by
its reputation for prophecy. Designed
to pluy on tho credulity of mankind,
the famous-Delphic oracle did it to the
fullest possible extent. Early in its
history, however, the miracle-curing
department - was abandoned, being
found less profitable than the business
ot foretelling the future. The priests
did their work well. Every Inhabitant
of the district under their control was
a spy In their service. Intent on learn
ing the business of the visitor. All
over Greece there were men In their
pay, and when ftie council of a city
sent a deputation to inquire tho will of
heaven about a certain piece ot busi
ness the chances were that a letter
preceded the delegation, giving their
names, native country and the nature
of the question they would ask, so that
the reply was ready before the commit
tee arrived. Every stranger was beset
with the' creatures of the Delphlo
priesthood, and. It possible, his errand
was wormed out ot him by persons
whom he did not suspect. In case he
was not disposed to be confidential the
oracle was dumb, sometimes for weeks
at a time, while guides, Innkeepers and
their servants, and the .whole popula
tion made efforts to solve the mystery.
It he finally remained obdurate and
seemed about to depart without an an
swer, the priests, rather than lose the
customary fee, caused the oracle to ut
ter one or unother of the set phrases,
half negative, hnlf affirmative, which
were kept in store for such emer
gencies. Ho mercenary did the estab
lishment become that It was used as a
political tool. Demosthenes complained
that the oracle was on Phillip's side; it
could not well be otherwise, for before
the trouble between Phillip and the
Greeks that monarch gave private no
tice to the priests that he would burn
their city and pull down their temple
on the llrst utterance against him.
Among the Jews. -
There was one period of Jewish his
tory when the credulity of the chosen
people led them to turn an attentive
ear to any .and overy Impostcr who
desired to take advantage of the polit
ical situation for his own benefit. It
was the stormy century from the be
ginning of the Christian era to A. D. 136,
the close of. the rebellion of the Bar
Coch Bar. which ended in the litter ruin
of the province, the massacre of all the
Jews left In It and the proclamation of
an ' edict' forbidding, under pain of
death, a Jew to enter Palestine. Such
was the fatuity of the people that they
were ready to listen to any impostor
who would promise them freedom from
the Roman yoke. Josephus gives the
names of a number of men who at
tempted to play the part of national
deliverer, nnd every one, no mntter how
shallow hlB pretensions, tried to work
miracles in support of his authority and
to prove his. claims to popular rever
ence. They were alike In two respects,
that they all promised the people divine
Interposition against the Romans, and
they all perished victims to Roman ven
geance. A glance over the history of
that day Indicates a degree of popular
credulity that is absolutely Incompre
hensible. The most arrogant rogue,
simply by appealing to the religious
emotions nnd nntionnl pride of the Jew
ish people, could get a hearing and
gather a host of followers. From one
end of. the Roman empire to the other
the turbulence of Palestine became a
proverb. Palestine was to Rome what
Ireland formerly was to the British
empire, what Poland was to Rusia, and
all because of the Impostors who, un
deterred by the fate of their predeces
sors, constantly sprang up to call the
people to arms. No sooner had one re
bellion been suppressed than another
arose; no sooner had one prophet been
beheaded than another was found
preaching In some out-of-the-way quar
ter of the country. For nearly a cen
tury and a half scarcely a year passed
without an open outbreak, led by some
one of these wonder-workers. That
many were honest fanatics, who be
lieved thpmselves called of God to de
liver the nation, there can be no doubt;
but -among the number there were also
manv designing adventurers, who
sought in social and political disturb
ance the advancement of personal ends.
In Reformation Times.
The enfranchisement of religious and
political thought at the time of the
German reformation was the well-Im-proved
occasion for the appearance of
a host ot religious lmposters. As the
great leader of the movement says In
one of his letters, "the times seem to
breed pious Impostures In swarms." It
was literally true. As soon as long
repressed opinion began to feel Its own
freedom would-be teachers and preach
ers appeared In droves, and as the
utrlfe among them for public favor nnd
an audience grew warm each tried to
outdo the others In efforts to catch the
public ear. In one small province of
Germany there were at one time not
less than seven men who claimed the
power to work miracles similar to
those alleged to be done by Schlatter
In Colorado, and each had his train of
believers, who deemed his miracles real
and zealously supporetd his claim to be
the greatest prophet thn ever appeared
on the earth. It seemed as though the
whole German nation had gone mad.
One wonder-worker In Westphalia
claimed to raise the dead; another, in
Saxony, professed an ability to call up
the spirits of the departed and learn
from them what was still In the future.
Such excitement was caused by this
enterprising prophet that the govern
ment undertook an Investigation, and
on discovering a number of masks, false
beards, robes, wigs and other parapher
nalia of the departed in his cellar, con
demned him to work on the roads as a
common vagabond. In Bavaria a coun
try preacher clulmed to be Jesus Christ,
returned to Judse tho world, and set
up a court on a mountain slope, where
his trlnls and judgments were soon in
terrupted by the troops of thp gov
ernment. While some Of- these self
styled prophets were simply lunatics,
there were others who enriched them
selves by playing: on the credulity- of.
the people, one In particular, who,
While going to and fro, working pre
tended miracles, nmnaged to amass a
fortune of 100,000 crowns, with which
he escaped into France ' upon efforts
being made to apprehend him. It was
proved that he had In his pay a dozen
or more pretended cripples, who came
forward at proper times In the course
of hl. sermons and were healed of their
diseases. When others solicited treat
ment he demanded "pay for the Lord,"
and got It in advance, especially stipu
lating that the attempt to cure was to
be made "subject to the will of heaven."
The era of Puritan supremacy In
Ens-land wee as productive or prophets
Some of the Ancient and Some of the
Modern Delusions and Impostures.
and miracle-workers as that of the
German Reformation. The religious
enthusiasm of the times was so Intense
as to induce on every side the most ex
travagant pretensions. Scores of per
sons appeared, some honest ' fanatics,
others impostors, who claimed the pow
er of working miracles, or the prophet
ic faculty, or both. Vllliam Simpson, a
disciple of Fox, acquired a wide repu
tation by going about almost In a
state of nudity, having at most only a
breechclout, and, preaching, prophesy
ing and healing the sick. He differed
from some others In utterly refusing to
receive anything for his services, and
w as probably only a lunatic. The most
remarkable of the Impostors of that
day was James Nayler, a quartermas
ter in the army, who, after having a
revelation on. the subject, boldly de
clared to his followers that he was the
Almighty. Strange, to say, this claim
was received with credulity and ad
mitted by his followers. When Nayler
went abroad, It was always on horse
back, two women led his horse, while
others preceded and surrounded him,
casting their scarfs, shawls and other
articles of clothing In the road to be
tramnled. and singing as they went,
"Holy. Holy, Holy., Lord Qod Al
mighty." They called him "The Lovely
One. the Only Son of tlod. the Prophet
of Israel, the Eternal Son of Justice,
the Prince of Peace, tho Hope of the
World." One of his followers, Dorcas
Embury, 'clflmed' that, after she had
been dead for two days, he had rome
to her house and bidden her to rise,
and she obeyed him. The followers of
Nayler Increased so. largely that llnal
ly the government felt compelled to In
terfere. Nayler was arrested and tried
on a charge of blasphemy and profani
ty. . At the trial he professed to be the
Almighty, and declared that only his
infinite love for the world'-prevented
the Instant annihilation of all who op
posed tflm.' The court room was crowd
ed with his converts who- fell on their
knees before Tifrn and implored him to
have mercy on his persecutors and not
blot the. world out of existence because
of their unbelief. He graciously con
sented to spare the earth for the sake
of the believing few, and such was the
infatuation of these poor creatures that
when his ears were cropped and he was
set In the pillory, they surrounded him
praying to him and singing hymns
composed In his honor. Nayler disap
peared after his' experience with the
pillory, and a tew other sharp examples
did much to lessen the number of
prophets and miracle-workers.
Tho Convulslonlsts,
The history of religious Imposture
would not be complete without at least
a mention of the convulsion Is ts of
Paris. In May, 1727, a pious priest
named Francois de Paris was burled In
the cemetery of St.- Medard. He was a
man whose charities had made him
greatly beloved among the common
people, and within a week after his
burial Ms grave acquired the reputa
tion of a shrine. Women upon touching
the stone which covered his remains ac
quired the gift of prophecy; cripples
were, or professed to be, cured of their
Infirmities; paralytics were carried into
the cemetery and ' came' running out.
All Paris was thrown Into a furor, and
a number of self-constituted leaders
undertook the charge of the devotees.
The cemetery In a- few days bore more
the appearance of a fair than a place
of burial, for on every side were erect
ed booths, where rosaries, books of de
votion, handkerchiefs and other arti
cles, blessed by contact with the grave,
were sold to the credulous mob. Men
and women fell Into trances and had
convulsions, during which they claimed
to visit the other world, and, upon re
covery, narrated what they had seen
there.. The leaders encouraged these
manifestations for the sake of the ex
citement they caused and the addition
al revenue they brought, and dally the
number of devotees Increased Until It
seemed as though Paris had gone crassy.
The convulslonists claimed to suffer no
pain, even from severe chastisement.
when In the trance Btate, and In order
to prove the truth of these statements
very severe tests were applied. The
uevotees were beaten with whins and
sticks, boards were placed on their
bodies and weights applied, they were
uranueu witn red Hot Irons, their llesh
was torn by pinchers, and in many
otner ways tney were subjected to cruel
treatment, but few, even by a change
oi countenance, indicated that thev Der-
ceived any unpleasant sensation. At
last, however, several of them died un-
aor tne tortures Inflicted on them, and
tho Paris police interfered and closed
the cemetery. Forbidden to frequent
me noiy pmce. xne devotees met In nrl-
vate houses and for a time kept up their
pcriormance8, DUt some were sent to
prison, others were ordered to leave
fans, and, as the leaders were removed,
the excitement died out.
Joanna Southcott.
Among the honestly deluded Ipaders
of fanatical movements the name of
Joanna southcott will ever be promi
nent. She was a Devonshire peasant
woman, born about 1750, and until 40
years ot age. was a domestic servant
noted for' her industry and piety. At
that age she began to have visions,
and finding herself not In sympathy
with the Church of England, left It. and
went over to the Wesleyans. In 17U2
sne oegan to clam supernatural powers,
and attracted considerable attention
by publishing predictions and prophe
cies, sometimes In prose, more frequent
ly in rude doggerel. About the same
time she launched out as a preacher,
and her sermons, or rather harangues,
had a rude eloquence that proved sln
gulurly attractive to the rabble. She
soon had a host of followers. Wherever
she went she found some who regarded
her as Inspired, and listened to her
smallest utterance as to the words of
Holy Writ. Finding the limits of de
nomlnatlonallsm too narrow, she
founded a sect of her own. and made
converts to her doctrines on every side.
The authorities of the Established
church stood aghast, and even Wesley,
who by long experience had become
accustomed to strange manifestation,
felt and declared that Joanna was
going too far. The woman herself was
a psychological curiosity, for although
uneducated, she had at her command
resources of rhetoric and logic equal
to the most learned of the doctors. The
Scriptures she knew from beginning to
end, and could quote with the utmost
facility any passage that suited her
purpose. There was. besides, a win
ning personal charm about her that
attracted even tljose who came to her
meetings for the purpose of breaking
them up, and among the most earnest
of her converts were ' many ' persons
who had formerly been her most pro
nounced opponents. As she grew old
hed wild fancies assumed strange forms,
and she nave notice to her followers
thnt she was about to become the
mother of a new Christ. While this
event was anxiously awaited, she sud
denly died, in 1814. At the time of her
death the sect she had founded num
bered over 100,000, but as soon as she
had pased away her bands of followers
dispersed. .Not entirely, for as lote as
1851 four congregations of Southcottians
were reported In the English rensus.
and It is possible that one or more of
these societies may bo still In existence.
A Host of Impostors.; ,
But every nge has had Its' religious
Impostors, and every century .has, and
always has had, among its population,
numbers of persons who were willing
to be ImposVd upon by almost any one
Who chose a religious clak Iq rder to
conceal his purposes. Arabia was full
of willing dupes at the time Moham
med aooeared. and the wllllnirn n
m.nklni to be Imposed upon . Vi.a
never better Illustrated than by the
history of Islam. There were dupes In
the United States at the time. Joseph
Smith pretended to have a revelation
of the Hook of Mormon, and that peo
pie are still willing to be duped is at
tested by the numbers of the Mormon
church In Utah today. The. Middle
Ages were full of religious Impostures,
The history of sorcery and Witch
hunting In the history of one phase of
Imposture, a bloody phase, by the way,
for hundreds of thousands of poor
wretches were burned to death because
of the common belief in witchcraft, and
so close Is this era to our own that
the witch-fires of Spain and Portugal
were still blazing when Napoleon dis
placed the kings of those countries.
The Veiled Prophet of Khorassan,
whose name has been borrowed for our
annual entertainment, was a most no
table religious Impostor, and kept his
dupes deceived even after his death, tor
he ended his remarkable life by leaping
Into a larg cistern filled with corrosive
acids, which dissolved even his bones,
so that not. a trace, ot his body was
found by those who searched for it. The
Flagellants, parties of whom appeared
from time to time in comparatively re
cent days, in almost every country in
Europe, and occasionally even In the
New World, were the willing dupes of
religious impostures, cheerfully under
going suffering enough to drive a sans
man mad. The Fakirs of India, who
load themselves with chains, hold their
fists clenched until the nails grovf
through the palm, drive Iron spikes
through their cheeks, wear spiked
bracelets and anklets, and otherwise
Inflict upon themselves Inconceivable
tortures, are religious Impostors, for
by means of their self-Inflicted
penances they acquire an Influence
over the people such as could not, In
any other way, ebe attain d. The
Dancing Dervishes of Syria, the Devil
Dancers of India, the Dancing Devo
tees of tho Middle Ages, are of the
same class, all being the victims of
religious imposture, for mankind is
ever gullible, and the pretensions of a
man of striking Individuality Invaria
bly And acceptance among those who
are ready and willing, even anxious,
to be deceived.
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Rupture Specialist,
80 8. Washington St.. iIkes-Barre,Pa
Ruptured for Forty Year.
' Mr. J. K. Bwayse, employed in the
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