THE SCBANTOX TRIBUNE SATURDAY HORNING, AUGUST 17, 1805.
Career of Omar Pasha, ,
Oriental Adventurer.
Born a Christian, He Became a Follower
Of the Prophet
If we want to find the true type of
(he adventurer, we must go to Oriental
countries. The name of Omar Pasha,
which wa no often pronounced during
the Crimean war. Is not yvt forgot
teik, though very few people know much
about th commander of the TurkUh
troops during this memorable period.
Me nvade his appearance in history sur
rounded by such names as Chose of
Lord Kaplan, of iMarshal Saint-Arnaud,
of Marshal Canrubert. His Ufe before
the great days of the Crimean war
reads like a novel; It has Just been
written by M. Georges CUulls, from
notes furnished by the private doctor
of the Turkish commander, a Swiss
who entered the sanitary nerviee of the
Ottoman army, and who ended his
life in Serayevo, before the entrance
of the Austrians Into Bosnia.
Omar's real name was Michael Lat
tas. He was born In the Christian
orthodox faith. In 1S06, In the village of
Tanya-tiara, In Croatia. Ills father
belonged to the Austriau administra
tion. Michael Lilt Us entered a school
of cadets and wis attached at the age
of eighteen to the cihancellerle of the
staff at Ooaplch. Soon afterwards he
deserted, .for reasons which remain ob
scure or unknown. He somvtfim-s al
lege! that a Herman oltlcer. who hated
the Slavs, ordered him, for u slight
fault, to be beaten for three hours
with a cord. It has. been said that his
father incurred a condemnation .which
brought dishonor on his name. The
deserter entered Uosnia during the
night, determined to enlist in the Turk
lsh army and to go to Constantinople,
lie had not. a penny, and knew nobody.
The Bosnians, fortunately ifor him, had
remained faithful to the patriarchal
laws of ihoapltHlity: he was received by
a bey named Michael, and worked on
Ms farm. He wvnt from .place to place,
working In a hundred different ways
for his bread, but he soon perceived
that there was no chance for him to
rise from the obscurest station if he
did not assume the turban: he became a
neophyte, had himself converted by a
hodja, and took the name of Omar
LuftL
Once a Mohammedan, he 'became the
preceptor of the children of his master,
und remained with them for two years
at Banyaluka; he then leift Bosnia, and
at Widin he became the drawing mas
ter of the sons of Ibrahim Pasha, the
commander of the fortress. It was the
beginning of his fortune, as Ibrahim
was an advanced Turk, who adopted
Occidental ideas. Omar became ac
quainted with old Chrosreff. the Grand
Vizier, a Turk of the old school who
attached him to the topographic bureau
of the army. There he remained from
ISM to 1S34. engaged in technical works,
and studying the French. Italian, Per
sian and Arabic languages. He mar
ried In 1S34 the daughter of a colonel,
who got him appointed professor of
technical drawing at the military
school, with the rank of captain. One
day the Sultan Mahmoud visited the
military school, saw the new professor
and learned of his adventures, and the
next day Omar, summoned to the Im
perial palaces, was informed that he
had become a major, and was ti be
the writing master of the heir pre
sumptive. Prince Abdul-Medjid. He
was now on the road to honors; In
1SJ6 he was lieutenant colonel; two
years after, colonel; In 1839, when his
pupil a.wnded the throne, he was
made brigadier general and pasha.
He had never appeared before an
army when he was thus made general
at the age of thirty-three; neverthe
less, we And him in 1S42 taking part
in a campaign in Syria; in 1843 com
manding a brigade in Albania; in 1S45,
a division general in the Lebanon, put
ting down an insurrection. He is em
ployed in Kurdistan and with 12.000
men makes a rapid campaign and ob
tains a victory; on his return he is
made field marshal, and becomes the
hero of the day, the hope of Turkey;
he is looked upon as a paciflcador, to
use a Spanish expression. He is a
favorite of the Sultan, who gives him
a fine estate at Scutari. The foreign
ambassadors forget his origin; the rene
gade and deserter is sunk in the com
mander of the Turkish forces. All the
Polish and Hungarian refugees solicit
and flatter him. He lives like a real
Turk, and has preserved only the pas
sion for wine.
In 1849 the spirit of revolution blew all
over Europe. Prince Bibeaco was turned
out of Bucharest; Russia and Turkey
entered both the principalities. Rus
sia occupied Moldavia and Omar Pasha
was tent to Wallaehla. He entered
Bucharest without fighting, and re
mained there for two years, leading the
life of a sovereign, courted 'by the old
boyars as well as by the 'Liberals, one
of whom even wrote a pamphlet in
which It was proved that Omar had as
much right to the throne of .Rumania
as a Ghika or a BLbesoo, as the Lattus
were descended from Latus, a Roman
centurion. It was in Bucharest that
Omar became acquainted with a Ger
man governess, who was converted by
Mm and changed her name to the
Oriental name of Zubeldah. He took
tier with him to Constantinople, and
their mutual affection was such that
she accompanied him In 1850 In a two
years' campaign In Bosnia. Omar had
to fight there an old feudal aristocracy
very warlike and Independent. The
tieserter of 1828 entered Sersyevo at the
head of 10,000 men and lived there, sur
rounded with Asiatic pomp. During
his expeditions tie once entered the
house where he had been a domstic;
he loaded with presents the son of his
former master. He triumphed over su
perior forces with his irregular basht
hazuks and Albanians; he gradually
disarmed the population, Mussulman as
well as Christian; he commenced en
expedition against 'Montenegro, but
was checked by Austrian mediation.
A larger field of action was preparing
for him. In 1853 the Russian armies
crossed the Pruth, and Omar had now
on enemy worthy of him. He received
the command of the whole Turkish
ormy. From Shumla he sent word to
1'rlnee Oortchakoff to evacuate Turk
ish soil. On his refusal, he placed 100,,
000 men on the right bank of the 'Dan
ube, in front of 70,000 Russians. The
Orst Important engagement took place
at Oltenltza, between Rustchuk and
Uucharest.
Impetuous In attack, Omar did not
know how to follow up a victory; ten
days after his success at Oltenltza, he
retired to "his former positions. He
gained another undecisive success at
Kalafat, on Jan. , 1804. At that time
the allied forces, French and Kngllsh,
arrived at'Galllpoll. Omar entered Into
communication with the French gener
als. The first interview of the three
chiefs of the (armies took place at
Varna; Omaryeft his camp at Shumla,
while Saint-Arnaud and Lord Raglan
came by sea. Omar insisted on the
necessity of a common action In the
Dobrudja; Saint-Arnaud wrote to Mar
shal Valllant:
"Omar does not deserve all the good or
ttie bad that Is raid of hCm. Among us he
wouM not be a dMInguVshed man.; but he
Is all the more remarkable and useful
wmong he Turks In that, I say K sorrow
fi'tjy, thoy would And nobody to replace
h:m. -Omar has In the highest degree mil
itary (nXelllgence; he Is a true soldier; as a
general fte has a few sound Ideas with Im
possible and incredible. porhlce.1 views. I
have," be add, "fathomed the man. His
great merH is tihat he t indispensable,
mrA he knows it, I have been able to
When 43alnt Arnaud brought his army
pf 40,000 men to Varna, he held a great
review In honor of Omar, who went
through the French ranks gravely a fid
hardly SJWe to conceal his deep mo
at tut atnra ol the eslalfellah-
and Achieved Distinction.
ment of the camp at Varna, the Rus
sians abandoned the siege of Siltstria,
which had made a heroic defence.
Soma time afterwards the scene
changed; the ravages made by the
cholera forced the Allies to transfer
the seat of war to the Crimea. Omar
was left behind on the Danube, and
ceased to be in the center of action.
He became quite a secondary actor in
the great drama which kept the world
so long in suspense. After much hesi
tation he transported his army to the
Crimea; he had about 20.000 men and
gained a victory at Kupatorla. When
the siege of Sebastopol be,'un, he had
nothing to do but to obey the orders of
Canrobert. The French, commaaider,
Pellssler, who took command after Can
robert, showed little consideration for
Omar, and treated him almost with
contempt so much so that Omar with
drew his forces from the Crimea and
had himself sent by hi government
to the relief of Kurs. Once In Asia,
he was alone. Independent; Instead of
going from Batum to Kara, he made a
diversion in Georgia and marched on
Kulais; he had hardly approached this
place when he received news of the sur
render of Kars. His campaign had
been a thorough failure, and his re
treat was disastrous and executed In
the greatest disorder.
On his return to Constantlnople.Omar
fell into apparent disgrace. He con
soled himself with living In luxury,
sometimes at his villa near Scutari,
sometimes In his kiosk at Stambul. His
domestic affairs, which were too com
plicated to be told in detail, occupied
him much. On the death of a governor
of Bagdad In 1S57, he asked for the post,
and it was given to him. He took a
little army with him, and conducted it
from Aleppo to the Kuphrlates. At
Bagdad he administered his govern
ment in such a way that he was re
called. He returned by way of Mosul
and Dlarbekir, and learned on arriving
at the latter place that the Sultan al
lowed him to live on his estates at
Oltenltza. He lived there a while as
In a prison, obliged to sell his horses
and his wife's jewels. The Sultan was
forced to give him a command again
when Insurrections broke out In Herze
govina, in Montenergo, and In Crete;
but he was 111, and could not keep long
In the field.
He went to Vichy in 1S68 by the ad
vice of his doctors. During his journey
he saw Napoleon III., the pope, and his
old companions of the Crimea. In Vi
enna he was presented to the empress
and dined at the table of the emporor.
He died In 1871, on his return to the
Golden Horn, and It Is said that the
sultan had the body of the giaour who
had fought so often for him sent In a
lead cotlin to the coast of Dalmatia,
RIf IIES OF THE WORLD.
Per Capita the Called States Tskc Fourth
Place, tho I'nited Kingdom Leading All
Other Nations with ail Average Valua
tion or 51.390 Per Head.
II Is a common Impression In this
country that the United States stand
.Suit the head of the nations of the world
In the aggregate wealth and the equal
ity of Its distribution. This is probably
true In the narrow sense that the aggre
gate valuation of property in the United
States Is larger than In any other coun
try, but, according to the Louis
Globe-Democrat, it is not true In the
sense In which it is generally under
stood, that the average wealth per In
dividual is greater. If the statistics of
European economists regarding their
own countries can be accepted as trust
worthy. The aggregate for the United
States Is larger than for any other
country, because the population Is
larger than that of other great com
mercial nations, but the proportion of
wealth to the population Is less than in
Australia, Great Britain and France.
The figures for Australia, however, are
not really Indicative of the wealth held
In that country, as the property of the
Island Is very largely mortgaged to
British capitalists.
England stands pre-eminent In the
actual holdings of the wealth by her
own people. The estimate of the wealth
of the United Kingdom of Great Brit
ain and Ireland made by Dr. Robert
Glffln in 185 was 10.037,000,000. or about
$50,000,000,000. The classification of this
valuation was about $3,400,000,000 for
land, $9,600,000,000 for constructions,
$23,000,000,000 for foreign Industrial and
national securities and public funds,
$5,000,000,000 for English national and
public funds and $4,000,000,000 for mov
ables and tools of trade. This estimate
Is somewhat higher than that made by
(Michael D. Mulhall In his "Dictionary
or statistics" Tor 1W2. His figures for
1888 are 9.400,000,000, or about $47,000,
000,000, an increase of $1,400,000,000 over
1892, Dr. Giffin's estimates were based
primarily on the income tax of Eng
lishmen as shown by the Income tax
returns, which he proceeded to capital
ize at various rates of Interest. Dr.
Glffln has given much study to the sub
ject and took account of many other
elements and much data besides that
of the income tax.
Highest Per Capita In I'nited Kingdom.
The population of the United King
dom in 1885 was 36,013.9.17, which would
afford an average valuation- of about
$1,390 per head, or $$,950 for a family of
five. The figures would show a con
siderably higher average for England
Scotland and Wales if Ireland were ex
cluded. The average, even for the
United Kingdom, is higher than fot
any other country except Australia,
where land values are a large element
In the reported wealth. This inclusion
of land values in thinly settled coun
tries, where much of the land Is unim
proved, Is subject to more or less criti
cism In an effort to ascertain the degree
of affluence of the people, and adds
greatly to the apparent per capita valu
ation of-our own western states, like
Nevada, Wyoming and Arizona.
The wealth of France Is placed by
several of her leading economists at
200,000,000.000 francs, or about $40,000,
000, which affords a valuation or $1,081
per capita, or fl.405 per family of five,
France ranks second In wealth among
the great commercial nations and
shows a much more even diffusion of
wealth among the masses than Great
Britain. There Is a slight difference
between the estimates of M. de Fovllle
and those given by Professsor Charles
Glde In the last edition of his "Prln
cipes d'Economle Politique" as to the
classification of French property, but
the difference appears to be due to the
different manner of setting off negotia
ble securities against the property
which they represent. Professo- Glde
gives $18,000,000,000 In lands, $10.000,000,.
000 In houses, $16,000,000,000 In negotia
ble, securities and $4,000,000,000 In mov
ables and money, inaklng a total of
$48,000,000,000; but he deducts $8,000,000,
000 (40 mlllards of francs) for national
securities and mortgages held In France
against French property. In order to
avoid the duplication of figures. M. de
Fovllle, as quoted by Professor Claudlo
Janet In "Le Capital, la Speculation et
la Finance," gives the figures at $14,
000.000.000 for securities. $16,000,000,000
for land, $8,000,000,000 for buildings and
$2,000,000,000 for movables and tools not
represented by securities..
Rapid Inereese in Fifty Years.
The Increase In the wealth of the
great European states has been phe
nomenal auring tne last hair century,
Land values have contributed consid- f
erably to the Increase, but the erection
of more and better houses and the cre
ation of negotiable securities, repre-
sentlng railways and manufacturing
industries, have tteen tremendous fac
tors. The estimates of Great Britain
show an Increase In the value of houses
from 366,000.000 in 1SU to 2.e24.O00.000
in 18S7. an increase of about 600 per
cent, in a slngie lifetime Some Idea
of the increase In France within a gen
eration may be Judged from the fact
that the annual rental value of build
ings was officially computed In 1856 at
512.494.000 franca and In 188 at about
five times this amount, dr-!.&7,68,t4
francs. The latter figure represents an
annual rental value of about $500,000,000
and an actual vale of nearly $10,000,000,-
000. This estimate Is considered slight
ly excessive by professor Paul Leroy
'Heaulieu In his great work, "La Science
des Finances," and he is more disposed
to accept the total of $8,000,000,000, given
by M. de Fovllle. A striking proof of
the Improvement In the character of
the houses Is afforded by the returns
of the window tax in France, which Is
levied according; to the number of win
dows a house contains. These figures
show an actual decrease In the number
of houses with one aperture between
1837 and 18S5, and no material Increase
In the number of houses with two aper
tures, while tiwre is an increase of
about 76 per cent., or from 1,845,280 to
3.259,331 in the number ot'bulldlngs with
six or more windows. The total in
crease In the number of buildings is
only from 6.798.151 to 8.975.166, showing
a much greater Increase In quality and
comfort than in numbers.
Russia the Lowest in Karope.
The estimates of wealth for other Eu
ropean countries are hardly as trust
worthy as for Great Britain and
France, and show some variations
which hardly seem to be Justified by
common knowledge regarding the con
ditions of these countries. Belgium,
which is one of the most active indus
trial countries on the continent, and
escapes the expense of large arma
ments. Is given an average valuation
per capita In 18S8 by 'Mr. l.Mulhall of only
$835. while Denmark ranks as high as
$1,150, and even (Spain Is put at $740.
The German empire Is credited with a
total valuation of about $32,000,000,000.
or $700 per capita, although the aver
age earnings of Germans are about 25
per cent, below those of Frenchmen.
Italy at present ranks among the low
est of highly civilized states, and has
suffered of late years under the bur
den of bitter party contests, an im
mense military establishment, a con
stant deficit in the treasury and a de
preciated paper currency. The aggre
gate wealth of Italy is estimated by ill.
Pantaleoni at C4.OOO.0O0.000 francs, or a
little less than $11,000,000,000, of which
about $6,400,000,000 represents lands. $1,-,
200,000.000 represents buildings and $3,
100,000.000 negotiable securities. This
affords a wealth per capita of only $352,
or $1,7430 per family of five. cDebts,
which do not represent property or
which would reduplicate the figures,
are eliminated from this valuation.
'Russia ranks low in the scale of
wealth, and even her land values are
returned at less than those of Germany
Her total wealth, according to Mr. Mul
hall, was 5.089.000,000, or about half
that of Great Britain, in spite of her
Immense area and population. Her av
erage wealth per head is about $275.
Austria-Hungary shows a total wealth
of 3.855.000,000, or about $495 per head.
Switzerland is supposed to have a val
uation of $2,500,000,000. or about $825 per
head, ranking below Great Britain and
France, but above the other European
countries, except Denmark and Hol
land. Denmark, however. Is estimated
considerably lower by Professor Falbe
than Mr. Mulhall, and his figures would
give an average valuation per capita
of about $1,050, Instead of $1,150.
The American Flgnres.
The latest figures for the Unite
Sttte are contained In the census oi
1. v-0, :ir.d give a total valuation of pnp
rrty located in the couhtry of $6o.0.:7.
tlf'.i:7. No account is takei r.f negoti
able EfUities or of the t$i: that prop,
erty may not be owned where located,
but all tangible property Is valued In
the locality where It Is found. High
SUN SPOTS ARE PASSING PLANETS.
Recent Wonderful Discoveries Made by Prof . Coles,
the Kingston Astronomer.
Undoubtedly one of the greatest dis
coveries In modern science has Just
been made by Professor Charles Coles,
of Kingston, who Is well known to
readers of The Tribune for his accurate
weather forecasts that have appeared
in our columns each month, and as the
Inventor of the "Electrls Eye," a mar
velous combination of the telescope, mi
croscope and electric photographic ap
paratus. There seems no question that
by the aid of the electric eye Professor
Coles has succeeded in solving one of
the greatest problems that have puz
zled modern men of science. .
The views of Galileo and others of
that day were that the "spots" were on
the surface of the sun, and that they
were carried around by the rotation of
the sun, and such are the views held by
Figure 1, showing the sun. and the plan
ets (sun-spots) passing over It as they are
seen in the photographs.
astronomers of the present day. But
we have never been told just what the
spots are. All the explanations of
fered today are as vague and conjec
tural as were those of the ancients,
and involving as much uncertainty and
contradiction.
Professor Young says we can look
Into the dark center of these sun spots,
as Into a funnel, to the depth of prob
ably 6.000 miles.
All of the great astronomers are unan
imous In agreeing that In many In
stances where the sun spot Is forming
there Is a gradual unveiling of the dark
underlying body until the perfect spot
Is disclosed.
In other cases fiery whlsps seem to
leap from behind the dark centers, like
flames breaking around and over an
opposing obstacle.
'Professor C. Coles, whose wonderful
discoveries are surprising!! Christen
dom, has discovered, by the aid of his
long distance photoscope or electric
eye that what Is now known as sun
spots are In reality unknown planets
passing between the earth and sun.
Professor Coles says that these plan
ets get in such close contiguity to each
other that the Increased voltage of the
sun's rays envelopes them In an all em
bracing electrical sheen of flame until
they appear like a sun within a sun, as
shown In large cut marked No. 6."
He says: "If you take a large bait
and suspend It Into the air a few feet
from the ground, then get some one to
turn a water hose on it, from the oppo
site side, you will get a correct Idea how
the sun's rays strike these planets and
glance off In all directions, as does the
water on the ball, and makes a fiery ap
pearance like a great flery monster con
tinually changing Its positions."
The way in which Professor coles dls-
AnvrAit fthM nlanata 4a mm fnllnara
About the 15th of-June, while 'the
professor was taking pictures of the
sun, he saw two spots, as shown In fig
ure 1 marked 4 and i, resembling s
IF -$r w
valuations are placed upon the lands
of the western states, so that the per
capita valuation of Nevada, Montana,
Wyoming and Arizona la several times
that of great manufacturing states of
the east. If some allowance were made
for excessive valuation in these cases
and for foreign capital Invested In the
United States, a deduction of ft per
cent, should probably be made from the
reported total. This would afford a
valuation of about $1,000 per capita, or
$5,000 for a family of five. This valua
tion Is very unevenly divided through
out the country, but not so unevenly
as If the property was reported where
owned Instead of where located. Throw
ing out -the new states, where high
land values afford such excessive val
uations per capita, the District of Col
umbia stood at the head of the list In
1890 with a per capita valuation of $1,
491. Then came 'Rhode Island, $1.4u;
New York. $1,430: Illinois. $1,324; Min
nesota. $1,300, and .Massachusetts, $1.
2C2 These lgues contrast sharply
w-h thiso nt the southern states,
among which the lower were: South
Carolina, $34$; 'Mississippi, $35: North
Carolina, $361; Arkansas, $403; Ala
bama. $412; Louisiana, $443, and Geor
gia. $464.
BICYCLE ETIQUETTE.
Some Things That Need to bo Defined
by the Law of Custom.
From the Chicago Times-Herald.
There has been a good deal written
about the professional etiquette of the
bicycle, but the feeble few who behave
In accordance with the laws of com
mon civility are nowhere, pitted against
a .great racing clan of barbarians.
Nothing pleases an expert rider so
much as to whiz in between a gentle
man and a lady, riding together, or to
crowd in between a lady and the curb,
which, if she Is at all nervous, nearly
sends her on As for manners, the
average bicyclist never had and never
will have any. He la, when clad In the
ordinary garments of the street, the
same "gent" who walks over you in the
crowded car, or sits on you. He Is to
be avoided everywhere, but when you
can't avoid him and he is mounted
break him on the wheel.
One man of my acquaintance was
much annoyed by wheelmen "scorch
ers" who passed him on the wrong side
of the road. If the left was better, they
stuck to It, no matter who might legiti
mately claim It at the time as the right,
going the other way. The result was,
he said, that as he religiously obeyed
custom and law, he found himself per
petually forced to the bad side of the
street. He accordingly one day, seeing
a desperate human animal, with a fiend
ish expression, shooting his ohln out
beyond his handle bars, and with no
intention of turning from the wrong
stand he had taken, dismounted rapid
ly, and planted himself, with the wheel
broadside on, directly in front of the
oncoming wheeler. A large crash en
sued, and the man, cursing and shout
ing, came to a good deal of grief. He
was so clearly in the wrong, that when
the thing was explained to him, he
picked up the fragments of himself and
wheel and limped away. In dealing
with rhe unreasonable, use military per
suasion. When they don't do of them
selves what they are compelled by law
to do, make them by force of others.
There will never be any place for res
pectable blvyellng until a few examples
are made of the lawless.
Nothing, aparently, but an Injury to
his wheel, can teach the vainglorious,
pompous, reckless scorcher any lesson.
He cannot see that without whistle,
bell, or voice, he has not a perfect right
to run amuck through a mixed crowd
of men, women, children and carriages,
trusting to his speed and nerve to push
everything aside. People are learning,
however, that he is not as dangerous
as he seems, and several of these auto
crats have been, by a little firmness
and decision on the part of their vic
tims, given some glorious falls and a
few points In common decency, which
lives and lets live.
double star, but one was dark and the
other light. This he thought was
something very unusual, and, focusing
the power of the electric eye upon
Figure 2 is an enlarged photo of Is'os. 4
and 5, as seen in figure 4.
them, he took a snap shot. No sooner
had his eye caught sight of the picture
than he exclaimed. I have It! I see!
These spots are planets unknown plan
ets passing between the sun and earth.
No. 6 is nearer to the sun than No. 4.
and at a right angle to receive the re
flections of the sun's rays from planet
No. 4, which Illuminates It sufficiently
to see Its land and water. As No. 4
passed slowly away from No. 6 he found
that No. G became more illuminated.
The next morning he took a snap shot
at No. C with all the powers of the
electric eye. and got photo as seen in
figure a. This photo plainly shows land
and water, rivers and mountain ranges,
and proves beyond a doubt that what
Is known as "sun-spots" are really un
known planets passing around the sun
planetary system that we do not
know anything about as yet. This un
doubtedly is one of the greatest dis
coveries ever made and will immortal
ize the name of Coles.
WW
Figure t shows No. S enlarged so as to
show the rivers and mountain ranges.
The professor says that "when these
planets reach the sun-llne of our earth
we onlysee a small portion of them,
but they gradually unveil as they near
the center of the sun, much like the un
veiling of the moon. Numerous plan
ets are constantly passing around the
sun, and as often as they pass between
the earth and sun we feel their dis
turbing Influences."
Professor C Coles made a bold state
ment over a year ago In his remarkable
astrological forecast of the sun's eclipse
and Challenged the whole scientific
world to disprove the theory, that the
corona was produced by an Increased
voltage of the sun's rays, striking the
moon and glancing off In all directions.
his challenge has never been dls-
proved.
In" the Wonderland
Of North America.
Minneapolis, Minn., July 16. There Ik
no more delightful trip than the ten
mile electrkj ride between St. Paul
and Minneapolis. The traveler pass
ing between the two cities finds him
self in the one 'before he realizes that
he is out of the other, so closely have
they grown together in spite of them
selves that their suburbs seemed to
touch elbows.
While Minneapolis lacks the com
manding situation of her sister city,
St. Paul, she Is rich in picturesiueness
and in beauty of environment. Min
neapolis is a city modern in tone and
progressive in spirit, with a keen ap
preciation of the beautiful. This en
terprising city Ilea at the Falls of St.
Anthony, a site with unexcelled water
power. Clustered around these- great
falls stand those colossal flouring mills
that have been the pride and glory of
Minneapolis. Within this city are the
largest flouring mills In the world, huge
lumber mills and other manufactories,
which contribute to its wealth. Minne
apolis manufactures more flour than
any other city In the world. The dally
capacity of Its twenty-five mills is near
ly 49,000 barrels, which turned out In
1S93 over nine 'million barrels of flour.
The value, of this product was near
$43,000,000.
An enumeration of the Immense busi
ness of one of these many flour mills
may be of Interest. We visited Pills-bury-Washburn,
No. 1. It Is called "the
eighth wonder of the- world." Its ca
pacity Is 9,500 barrels dally. That of
the five mills is over 22.000 barrels.
They require dally 400 freight cars, or
twenty trains of twenty cars each, to
supply the wheat and remove the flour.
It Is said these mills alone could feed
two cities as large as Nw York. They
run night and day, employing 'I'M hands.
As Lumber Si c.
As a site for the manufacture of
lumber It has no superior. Its fifteen
saw mills manufactured In 1893 over
400.000,000 feet of lumber and over 175.
000,000 shingles. These figures furnished
by the board of trade seem too enormous
for belief. The growth of its manu
facturing Interests otherwise since Its
settlement In 1849 has been steady and
rapid.
Minneapolis Is a handsome city,
though less than thirty years old. On Its
site, though beautiful by nature, much
has been done to add to its natural
attractiveness. It is much better laid
out with broader streets and avenues
than St. Paul. The Mississippi river
outs It In twain, but being utilized for
its great mills loses none of Its scenic
attraction. Within Its city limits are
a dozen little lakes which add to the
beauty of as many handsome parks
which cover a total area of 1,500 acres.
Lakes Harriet and Calhoun In close
proximity are the most popular and
beautiful, but 'the residents of both
St. Paul and Minneapolis are fortunate
In having within easy access two other
of the most beautiful of Minnesota's
ten thousand lakes White Hear and
Minnetonka. They are celebrated for
the beauty of their scenery and sump
tuous hotel accommodations. The lat
ter is appropriately called the "Sara
toga of the northwest." Minneapolis
vies with St. Paul in public parks and
pleasure grounds. The attractive Como
park and lake Is a dally resort for the
citizens of both cities. The fine turn
outs on this pleasant summer evening
Is quite remindful of and compares fav
orably with Saratoga, Lenox, Newport
and other summer resorts that we huve
visited,.
St. Paul's Formidable Rival.
Minneapolis covers an area of fifty
three square 'miles. The business blocks
are elegant and stately, and the private
resldenoes are notable for their beauty.
A fact that a large percentage of Its
residents own their own homes is wor
thy of note. There are rhirty-two
compartment houses of most imposing
design and architectural beauty. One
of. its palatial edilloes Is the great
West hotel, which cost with Its elegant
furniture $2,000,000. Six dally and two
weekly papers are published here.
There are nine public libraries and
twenty-one social clubs, seven national
and twelve state banks, and forty-seven
.public schools; eleven railroads center
here. It is a pleasure In turning to the
religious statistics to be able to state
that the city has 172 churches and 175
Sunday schools. Nineteen per cent, of
the population attend Sunday school,
and in this respect vies with Provi
dence, R. J., and Alleghany for the
third placeamongall cities of the Union.
In the matter of church edifices Minne
apolis has one for every 1,200 of her
people, while New York has one for
every 2,465, Boston one for every 1.C00,
Chicago one for every 2,081, St. Louis
one for every 2.800 of her citizens, and
Brooklyn, N. Y., the City of Churches
east, has one for every 1,383. Minneap
olis beats the record.
Another redeeming feature of this
city are the "patrol limits," by which
the drinking saloons are confined to
the business districts. These limits
were established several years ago by
rneclal act of the legislature, and to
day commands the approval and sup
port of the best of the community Irre
spective of partisan connections. In
politics Minneapolis is strongly Repub
lican. The population of the city by the-late
census Is 200.000. Sixty per cent, of the
voters are foreign born The Scandi
navian element Is numerically and In
fluentlally strongest. They are a
frugal people, owning their own homes.
T
THREW AWAY THE BEL
Mr. William Thornton, of 1 27 W. Market
Street, Explains How and
Why lie Did It.
From the Elmlra Gaxette.
Old age has many Infirmities, none' of
which are more prevalent than kiilney dis
orders. Have you ever noticed how the
old people complain of barkuche, lame
back, and general UstlessnessT And there
are many other symptoms of which they
do not speak, such as bloating of the limbs,
painful and Infrequent urination or excess
tveness of the urinary discharge. Most
people think they are too old to find relief
and cure, but this Is not so. No better ev
idence than the following, which comes
from an Elmlra citizen, who has been
cured of a very severe case at 77 years of
age. Mr. William Thornton, of 127 West
Market street, speaks of his case In this
way: "I am 77 years old. I have been
afflicted with that dreadful complaint
(kidney disease) for over ten years, mak
ing my old age a burden. I was so bad as
to be forced' to carry a belt at all times,
and, when my suffering became beyond
endurance, I would put on the belt, draw
ing it tightly around me and buckle It,
thus bringing an extreme pressure over
the kidneys; this, undoubtedly, forced the
urine out, a function which the kidneys
themselves had become too diseased to
perform. My condition I put down to a
strain 1 received. I began taking Doan's
Kidney Pills. I was much surprised, as
the aliment was so severe and so long
standing, while I had tried many remedies
without any relief whatever. The pain I
have experienced at times from straining
In my efforts to discharge the urine was
simply awful. I have done away with the
uss of my leather belt, and the pain has
all gone, and I recommend Doan's Kidney
Pills to all afflicted with -kidney and
urinary disorders."
' For sale by all dealers, or sent by mall
an receipt of price by Foster-Mllburn Co.,
Bulale, N, Y solo agents for the V. S.
.. - ;.. ' . . i
Pen Pictures by an Old Traveler of
Picturesque Minneapolis.
As a residence city It has no equal a
home for every five Inhabitants. Un
like St. Paul the city obtains its water
supply from the Mississippi river. While
Minneapolis owes its primary exist
ence to rhe fine water power afforded
by the Falls of St. Anthony the high
moral tone of the city Is due to the
early settlers from New York and Puri
tan New England, a feature as notice
able as in Scranton and Honesdale.
J. E. RICHMOND.
THE LATEST EL DORADO.
llamMn Garland Describes Ills Impres
sions of Cripple Creek, Col., and Tells
How One Has to Travel to Get There.
One morning at 5 o'clock the mist and
the clouds began to break In the west,
and up Into the clear air the crown of
Pike's Peak rose, gleaming with snow,
clear cut as carved marble against the
blue sky. The streams, bank full, came
singing down Vhe gulches, and the
teamsters of the roads were merry as
bobolinks or the toads singing in the
pools. Great scarfy rolls of cloud lay
along the middle heights, and spots of
lesser clouds crept slowly round the
higher peaks, like weary birds seeking
resting place after the-storm. To the
east all was dark, gray, forbidding. On
such a morning I went from Colorado
Springs to Cripple Creek over the Mid
land railway, which runs through the
Ute Pass, keeping Pike's Peak on rhe
loft. It was a magnificent ride. The
train climbs constantly, attaining at
Divide a height of 10,000 feet above the
sea. From Divide we turned sharply to
the left, circling the great peak, stop
ping nt GllleBt and Orassy. At Glllett
are a couple of "chlorlnatlon mills," for
the reduction of ore, and a race track.
One of the hlxhest race tracks In the
wurld, I suppose, 10,(W0 feet above the
sea. Glllett was for a time the terminal
of the Cripple Creek branch of the Mid
land and is locaited In a beautiful moun
tain meadow, with smooth green slopes
o the west and the rugged foot-hills of
Pike's Peak to the east.
In a Genuine Old Stage.
At Grassy we took stage for Cripple
Creek. It was the real thing. An over
land stagfe which held nine Inside and
six on top, and which was "too low for
a tall man and 'too narrow for a fat
man, end a h of a place to put a
woman anyhow." And yet it once car
ried thousands of passengers from east
to west.
It was drawn by six lean, hunched,
incredibly strong mountain horses. Not
exactly bronchos, but near it. The
road was muddy and steep and the
stage rolled till the woman shrieked
and the fat men clung to the hickory
framework. We could hear the cruel
swish and vicious pop of the whip, but
could see little. A row of boots hung
over the roof, a movable ballast which
probably saved us from overturning.
When 'the vehicle lurched to the left
the boots shifted to the right, to the
wild cries of those within: "Shift yer
ballast!"
There came a time when -the hill
grew steeper, and most of the passen
gers alighted to walk up the long slope.
Then began painful puffing and
whistling and explosive cries. The rare
air demanded the utmost expansion of
the lungs, and the tenderfoot walked
with wide-open mouth and Toaring
breath. A sharp pain came Into the
chest. I, for one, felt as if I had been
running a long distance In zero-cold
air. My lungs seemed seared and my
pulse throbbed painfully.
First View of Cripple Creek.
We topped the swell at last looked
away over Cripple Creek. At first sight
It seemed a handful of yellow blocks
sprinkled in the warm hollow between
smooth, grassy, gray-green hills. Be
yond it ranges of brown foothills and
blue ranges of secondary mountains
lead to the Sangre de Crlsto range of
mou;iUln peaks, white with snow, soft
as the clouds Just above them and more
than 14,000 feet high. The wholle pros
pect was of the" most gigantic magni
tude, yet it possessed the delicacy in
coloring of a flower.
The wind, pure as the snowy peaks,
came amiably over the smooth, sunny
slopes, making the blood rush like a gal
loping horse. Clouds, wind and sun
shine strove together to make the hour
memorable. The setting of this town
of mingled glory and Infamy must,
therefore, be said to be most magnifi
cent. All about on the rounded slopes
wrere prospectors' pits and dumps of
reddish or terra cotta rock. Every
hillside was pitted with these broken
out in a sort of terra cotta rash, with
here and there a windlass with a blue
denlmed miner winding wearily. Fur
ther down stream holsters were at
work. Occasionally blasts boomed forth
like the sound o( cannon.
Most of the pits and trenches are the
wotk of prospectors. Others are tiade
to show In making a claim. Some of
them ore mines. We passed by several
of these shafts where men were work
ing with pick and shovel In the good old
way, pushing out or winding out by
hard their buckets of rock. Others had
horses and a very handy "power" for
lifting the carrier.
Gold seeking Is Paromonnt.
Entering the stage again, we whirled
with some flourish into the town. At
near view It was a singular collection of
buildings. 'Here was an old log ranch
house, there a shock, half tent and half
cellar, and beyond an ambitious brick
block. Everything looked like a camp,
and so It Is called. "When did you
come to camp?" they ask, instead of
using the word town or city.
The camp, we'll say, Is less than four
years old and looks to be newer than
that. It swarms with people; all sorts
of people. Englishmen in helmet hats:
Scotchmen In visor caps; miners In tall
laced boots and clay-covered hats;
cowboys with sombreros; capitalists
and professional men In smart clothing,
and prospectors In sagging gray shirts
and shaggy beards, just down from the
higher altitudes.
At the hotel, before the big fireplace,
snapping with fierce energy, they
gather to talk of mines nothing but
mines. In the first half hour I heard
again and again these phrases:
"It's running well."
"He took out $100,000 last month."
"They struck It again on Globe Hill
tpday."
"Started from the grass roots and
struck It at an angle."
"Some of it runs and some of It
don't."
, On the counter hty a big hunk of gray
rock which sparkled - with precious
metal not In color of gold, but of sil
ver. In everything I was minded that
ordinary affaire were far oil and gold
asking vary present thing.
xmo
That Insists upon
keeptnititockol
E23WS 03 EjI
In the house?
Whv tttm wit mrMimr Rmiiu ifc
taken internally it cures la a few minutes,
r-M. o - u
Nervousness, Sleeplessness, Sick Headache,
Dbrrhf-) nuuntarw CiauM CimkU
Colic, Flatulency and all internal nates.
uums naif a teaspoontui in nan a tumbler
of water.
Used MturfMltB W arill rmm thaiautlui
Neuralfta, Mosquito Bites, Sunn oi Insects,
CianLwu D ; h r. .11. ,
uiuuiu, Druixs, ourns, acaius, uougns,
Colds and all threat troubles.
way's rills, will cure Fever and Ague; Ma-
kuiuus, raiious ana other fevers.
fifty Ceits a Battle. SsUftyBmi
BAD WAY 4k CO., Mew Tests.
RAD WAY'S
Purely vetetsbto, mild ud reliable. Oraw
perf.ut disMtioo. eompUte aMlmlUtloa sad
healthful regularity. Cure couilpatioa atxl
Its long IIM of nnpleasut symptom sad reia
veaste Us system. . at eeato box All drag-
EVA M. HETZEL'S
Superior Face Bleach,
PotltUilj Rtmoies ill Facial Blualih
No more Freckles, Tan, Sunburn, Black
(loads. Liver Spots, Pimples and Bellow
Complexions if ladles will use my Su
perior Face Bleach. Not a cosmetic, but a
medicine which acts directly on the skin,
removing all dlscoloratlons, an one of the
greatest purifying agents for the complex
ton in existence. A perfectly clear and
spotless complexion can be obtained In
every instance by its use. Price, SLSO per
bottle. For sale at E. M. Hetsel's Hair
dressing and Manicure Parlors, SM Lack
awanna ave. Usil orders nuea ressptiy.
The twit VMtfnff niMf svll.k A.,!
the greatest value of any fiooHen'a
Shoes on the continent
Best calfskin, dongola tops, solid
leather soles, with all the popular toes,
lasts and fastenings, and Lewis' Cork
Filled Soles.
Each pair contains a paid-up Acci
dent Insurance Policy for 1 100, good for
DO days.
Wear Le wis'Aecldent Insuranoe Shoes
once and you will never change. The
insurance goes for "full measure,'
Talk with your dealer who sails Lewie
Bhoes.
FOR SALE AT
Globe Shoo Store
227 LICK. ME, SCRMTM, ft
EVANS I POWELL, Prop'n
Gq?!!:i PrssrnJ
DR. HIBRA'S i
VI0LA CREW
SesMves Fteildeo. Plgistes.
ijLgi- m pijioQ BlealdieMe.
ieakera "auJ Tea, and re
tons the skin to Its orlgl
aml faeshMSL producing a
tesr in aeaiuy
slaxlan. Rmwrtor tAllllioa
fmeastloM and .perfectly hsmlest, At all
foalina, or nailed lor locta. lead lor Cirealae;
VIOLA tXIN SOAP to
m i
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O.C. ITTNC
tealehy Matthews I
and Jo
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CATARRH
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BALI!
IHurbTiiaUrDaK. Adern i
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H. PhniDe.
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