THE 6CRANTON TRIBUNE-SATURDAY MORNING-, MAY 18, 185.
For . Bimetallism
Qui a Gold Basis
Senator Knute Nelson of Minnesota Expounds
Mis View of the Silver Question.
Before his election ft senator and In
his campaign for re-election as govern
or of Minnesota, ex-Congressman Knute
Neteon made a speech In which he In
cidentally touched upon the sliver ques
tion, advocating a single gold standard,
supplemented by the use of silver as a
representative money. He said:
Senator Notion's Speech.
By the phrase, a ratio of sixteen to one,
Is meant lhat 16 ounces or parts of silver
coined into money shall be equal to one
ounce or part of gold coined Into money.
This Is the coin or statutory ratio, as dis
tinguished from the lntrlnslo or commer
cial ratio of the metals. Carefully com
piled statistics from original sources show
that the commercial value of silver be
tween the year 1687 and the year 1792 fluc
tuated from a ratio of 14.14 to a ratio of
15.82, and that In the last named year the
commercial ratio of silver was 15.17. At
this tune the first coinage act of the
United States was passed, providing for
the free coinage of both silver and gold on
a ratio of 15 to L And here I ask you to
note how near the coin ratio approximated
to the commercial ratio. Hud the framerj
of that law steered as wide from the com
mercial ratio as the Populist reformers
do today, the ratio would not have been
15 to 1, but 8 to 1. But the men of those
days were -Imbued with a hard common
sense and business integrity, and hod no
silver mines or stiver bullion to buy or In
flate. To understand the effect of this and the
subsequent coinage laws of the United
States, It Is necessary to call your atten
tion to the universal and Inexorable rule
governing the circulation of money, known
as the Urea hum rule, that where two
kinds of money of equal coin value, but of
unequal commercial value, circulate aide
by side, end axe not by law Inconvertible
with each other, that money which Is In
trinsically and commercially the cheapest
will drive the dearest out of circulation.
The debtor will always pay with the cheap
er dollar, and the buyer always buy with
the cheaper dollar, while the dearer dollar
will be withdrawn from circulation and
disposed of as bullion or at Its bullion
Value. The element of Interconvertlbillty
being wanting under the act of 1702, silver,
gradually depreciating in value, until
reaching nearly the ratio of 16 to 1, by 1831,
through the force of the rule I have de
scribed, had driven all our gold money
out of the country. To remedy this evil
and bring back the gold Into circulation
the coinage act of 1834, fixing the ratio at
16 to 1, as 11 is today, was passed. This
was a slight overvaluation of gold, and
hence under the rule of circulation de
scribed to you, gold drove our silver out
of circulation, the act of 1853 providing for
a greatly debased coinage of small sub
sidiary silver coins was passed. Save and
except these debased subsidiary coins
gold was the only money of the national
government in circulation front 1M0 down
to 1862, at which time our national govern
ment first acquired a paper currency, and
this currency remained the only circula
ting medium from that time until specie
payment was resumed In 1879.
Silver's Technical Demonetization.
From these facts it Is apparent that
When silver was demonetized In 1873 it was
not In circulation and had not been since
1840, and that we then were, and ever since
1&S2 had been, on an exclusive paper basis,
so that the demonetization w;is, as a mat
ter of fact, technical rather than practical.
In 1878, one year before specie payment was
resumed, silver, under the Bland law, was
remonetlzed and a true state of bimetal
lism Inaugurated by adopting, for the first
time, and, as a matter of fact, the prin
ciple of Interconvertlbillty, without which
no real practical bimetallism can exist,
outside of International bimetallism. The
Bland law provided for the purchase and
coinage of from J2.000.000 to $4,000,000 worth
of silver bullion per month and for the
Issuance of silver certificates upon such
coinage. Under this law over $400,000,000
of silver dollars have been coined.
Owing to the almost universal demone
tization of silver in Europe since 1872, and
the greatly Increased production thereof
throughout the world, In spite of the Bland
law, and In spite of the Sherman law of 1890
under which the government was re
quired to purchase silver bullion at the
rate of 54,000,000 ounces per year and Issue
paper currency thereon, silver has, ever
since 1872, gradually depreciated In value,
until today Its commercial ratio is less
than 32 to 1, and before the repeal of the
purchasing clause of the Sherman law It
had reached a ratio of less than 28 to 1.
In all these years, aside from Indta.the
United States has been the best friend
that silver has had. Until the repeal of
the purchasing clause of the Sherman law
and the suspension of coinage In India,
both occurring in 1893, these countries
consumed upwards of two-thirds of the
world's entire supply of silver. And yet,
In spite of the efforts of these two coun
tries to sustain silver, it kept on, from the
causes already described, to decline In
price so rapidly that It became evident
that India and the United States com
bined could not sustain the burden alone.
On the first day of June, 1894, the United
States carried In circulation $647,500,000 of
liver, as against $606,200,000 of gold, of
which $100,000,000 is kept In the treasury as
a redemption fund for $346,000,000 of green
backs. France has a sliver circulation of
$700,000,000, as against a gold circulation
of $800,000,000; while India, with Us popu
lation of 225,006,000, bis a sliver circulation
of $900,000,000, as against no gold, and $28,
000,000 of uncovered paper; and Chins,
With Its 400,000,000 of people, has $700,000,01)0
of sliver, passing on Its bullion value. In
circulation, as against no gold and no
paper currency.
Our Friendship for Silver.
These statistics indicate, if we take into
account our population, our whole field of
currency, and our mode of doing business,
that silver has not been stricken down,
as some reformers allege, but that on the
whole It Is as much In favor here, for use
s money, as anywhere In the commercial
world, and that our country is today In a
sound state of local as distinguished from
International bimetallism. Our own coin
age history, from 1792 to 1834, and from the
later date until the Bland act of 1878, has
demonstrated that the free coinage of both
metals, on a ratio almost approximating
the commercial ratio, failed to give us real
bimetallism the uninterrupted circulation
of both metals side by side. There being
no complete system of international bi
metallism, and there being no act isl or
legal Interconvertlbillty between the two
metals, under the Inexorable operation of
the Gresntm inw, silver, fa the chor
metal, during the first period, drove gold
out of circulation, and gold, as the cheaper
metal, during the second period, drove sil
ver out of circulation, except as to the
debased subsidiary coin, to which I have
. already referred. It is a truth demon
strated and confirmed by our own his
tory, that In spite of free coinage, we
never had any real bimetallism any real
uninterrupted circulation of the two met
als, side by side on a parity, until since
1878. Prior to that time, so far as metal
lic currency was concerned, gold or silver,
but only one at the time, held the field of
circulation. Whichever, for the time be
ing, was the cheaper metal, was In exclu
sive possession and control. And this
proves to all who are capable or willing to
receive the truth, that free coinage alone
will not give us practical or real bimetal
lism. - And' I take It that we areVall bl
metalllsts in the sense of wanting-, both
gold and silver to be In actual circulation
as money. None of us want to drive either
Bold or sliver out of circulation. The
commercial or Intrlnslo value of the sliver
dollar is today hardly 60 cents of the gold
dollar, and it Is only current and received
as equivalent to the gold dollar because
you can, at all times, exchange or convert
It Into the latter. And this Is what we un
derstand by the term interconvertible. If
a 50 cents silver dollar can at all times be
converted Into a 100 cents gold dollar, we
are all as anxious to receive sliver as gold.
Not on a Gold Basis. .
But to keep up this state of Intercon
vertlbillty there must not only be a law
for It, but the actual ability to maintain
It must exist. And today the United
States Is possessed of both of these
qualities. We have the law and we have
a gold dollar for every sliver dollar in ex
istence. In other words, we float our sil
ver currency with a gold redemption fund.
France does the same thing. She Is today
floating a $700,000,000 silver currency with
$800,000,000 In gold. Last year tho equilib
rium of the two metals was threatened.
The owners of silver bullion .sold the same
to the federal government and received In
exchange therefor treasury notes under
the act of 1890, and then, as though doubt
ing the ability of the government (an acl-
dent of the change of administration).
they at once procured the redemption of
these notes In gold, and this gold was In
Its turn hurried out of the country to Eu
rope for various purposes, especially to
aid Austro-Hungary to place Itself, like
tho rest of Europe, on a gold basis. This
great outflow of gold was threatening the
interconvertlbillty of the two metals and
was fast driving us into a state of silver
monometallism, or exclusive silver circu
lation. The gold was rushing out of the
country faster than the silver was rush
ing Into the treasury. This threw the
financial and business world Into a panic.
Money disappeared from circulation and
went Into hiding. It was as hard to bor
row money for the rich as for the poor.
Under these conditions and to relieve the
tension, distrust and alarm congress re
pealed the purchasing clause of the Sher
man law that feature requiring the gov
ernment to purchase every month 4,500,000
ounces of silver. This was not the demon
etization of silver. It was in effect merely
the temporary suspension of silver coinage
or of the enlargement of our silver cur
rency. It was for the purpose of keeping
up the equilibrium of the two metals and
to keep them running away from each
other. In other words. It was for the
purpose of keeping up the Interconvertl
billty of our stiver with our gold, for, as
I have pointed out, we need gold dollars to
maintain and float our 50-cent silver dol
lars.
His View of Bimetallism.
The moment a silver dollar is not con
vertible into a gold dollar, silver now, as In
the early days of our nation, will entirely
usurp the place of gold and drive the lat
ter out of circulation and Into hiding.
This would reduce us to a state of silver
monometallism, a state of exclusive silver
circulation. Our $066,000,000 of gold would
at once disappear from circulation. In
stead of having a combined gold and sil
ver currency, as we have today, amount
ing to $1,313,700,000, we would be reduced
to an exclusive silver currency of $647,000.
Even with the free coinage of sliver It
would take years to supply the vacuum
and in the meantime the country would be
suffering under an immense and extraor
dinary contraction of the currency. The
country would be in a far sadder state
than it is even today. We would all suf
fer and be oppressed, except the owners of
silver mines and silver bullion. They
would reap a big harvest, but it would be
at the expense of all the rest of us of the
entire country.
No, my friends, silver monometallism Is
at least as dangerous as gold monometal
lism. No honest man, having the good of
his country at heart, wants either. We
want honest, genuine bimetallism. We
have it in a measure and to a limited ex
tent today. And the sudstantlal, the
statesmanlike, and the patriotic question
Is, how to maintain and enlarge it, not how
to destroy It. We can, by ourselves,
maintain it to a limited and local degree,
as we did under the Bland act of 1878, and
as we never succeeded In doing before. We
can enlarge It to Its greatest limits and
put It on an enduring basis by interna
tional agreement among the leading com
mercial nations of the world. The former
Is local bimetallism, the latter Interna
tional. The former rests on the principle
of Interconvertlbillty, the latter on mu
tual agreement. In the former case a 50
cent dollar passes current because It can
be converted at will Into a gold dollar. In
the latter case) the same silver dollar
passes current the world over, because all
great commercial nations-have agreed to
receive it as such on a parity with gold. A
free coinage which sustains and upholds
bimetallism is desired by all friends of
good government and honest money.
Against Free Coinage.
A free coinage which would at one fell
blow strike down bimetallism and reduce
us to a state of silver monometallism Is
not desired by anybody, except the most
extreme Inflationists and the owners of
sliver mines and sliver bullion. The farm
ers of this country have no silver to sell
or to coin and theirs would not be the In
flation harvest. Why even the silver mon
ometallism of China is more honest than
the sliver monometallism sought here, for
sliver circulates there on its commercial
or bullion value, and not on Its coin or
token value. And yet In spite of this
fact, silver has gone down in that country
from a value of $1.67 per tael In 1871 to a
value of $.8 per tael In 1893, and tbls In the
face of an exclusive sliver circulation.
But It Is urged that there Is an Insuf
ficient amount of money In circulation for
the healthy business of the country, and
that this scarcity of money Is one of the
chief causes of hard times and low prices,
particularly the low price of wheat. This
contention Is untrue, and Is not warranted
by the facts, as will appear from the fol
lowing statement, compiled by the bureau
of statistics, showing the population and
per capita circulation for every year since
18G6, and the average price of wheat per
bushel for every year since 1869:
Our Per Capita Circulation.
The folowlng Is a statement of the pop
ulation and per capita circulation of money
In the United States from 1867 to June 1,
1894, and value of wheat per bushel from
'70 to '93:
8
4
' a
9
a
a
" TEAR.
9
bin
a o 1 3 9
on, gn
1807
1868
1869
1870
1871 ,
1872
1873 ,
1874
1875 ,
1876 ,
1877 ,
1878 ,
1879 ,
1880
1881
1882
1883 ,
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1S90
1891
1892
1893
1894 June 1.
86.211,000
IS18.28I
36,973,000
87,756,000
18.39!
17.60..
38,668.371
17.50104.2
39,655,000
40,696,000
41,677,000
42,796,000
42,951,000
45,137,000
46,353,000
47,598,000
48,866,000
60.156,783
51,116,000
62.495,000
53,693,000
18.10
18.19
18.04
18.13
125.8
124.0
115.0
14.1
17.16
100.0
16.12
15.58
16.32i
16.76
19.41
.71
22.37
22.01
22.65
1081
108.2
77.7
110.8
96.1
119.3
88.4
91.0
65.0
77.0
68.7
fix 1
64,911,000
156.148,000
157.404,400
23.02
21.82
22.45
56,680,000
169,974,000
'61, 2X9,000 1
22.88 87.3
22.62
69.8
62,822,250
22.82 83.8
63,976,000
65,403,000
66.626,000
68,276,000
83.41
88. 9
24.44 62.4
23.87 53.9
24.54
From this statement It appears that we
have never, had a higher per capita cir
culation than on the first day of June,
1894, when It reached a maximum of $24. M
per capita, and we all know that wheat
was never lower than during 1891. In
1898, when our per capita circulation was
$23.87, wheat was only 53.9c per bushel,
while In 1871. with a per capita circula
tion of only $18.10, wheat was worth $1.26.8
per bushel, thus demonstrating that the
volume of currency had.no appreciable
bearing on the price of wheat, and this
becomes still more apparent on a close
Inspection of the entire statement.
These figures also show that during the
five years, when sliver was demonetized
from 1872 to 1877, of which so much com
plaint has been made, the average price
of wheat was $1.04.1 per bushel, while in
the next Ave years, from 1877 to 1883, under
the Bland law, the average price was only
98.2c per bushel. If the per capita amount
of circulation governed the times and reg
ulated the price of wheat, we ought today
have bolter times and higher prices than
at any time since 1866. Few countries have
a greater per capita circulation than ours.
All exclusive silver countries have much
less notably India, China and Mexico.
Only one country, France, exceeds ours In
any material degree.' And there more
money Is needed than anywhere else, for
the reason that payment by check Is
little In vogue, and for the reason that the
French peasant keeps his Surplus, not In
the banks, like our people, but hoarded at
home In his chests and In his stockings.
Besides, it must be remembered that
France keeps a $300,000,000 permanent gold
redemption fund on hand, while we have
only $100,000,000 for a like purpose. The
following statement from the bureau of
statistics gives the population and the per
capita circulation of the several coun
tries of the world. The figures are very
Instructive, and elucidate what I have
said:
Per Capita of Other Conntrics.
The following Is a statement of the pop
ulation and per capita circulation of
money in the following countries In 1893:
A
o s
a a
Countries. rj
9 w
a t.
o a
Umted "Kingdom " SS,OOOTO00i$lS.42
France 39.001,0001 40.56
Germany 39,OO0,0UO 10.56
Belgium I S.IW.
Italy
31,000,
8.000,
2.200.
18.000,
6,000.
40,000,
4,500,
8,600,
,ooo (f.ni
Switzerland
Greece
Spain
Portugal
Auatrla-Hungary
Netherlands
Scandinavian union
Russia
Turkey
Australia
Egypt
Mexico
Central America
South America
Japan
India
China
Canada
Cuba, Haytl, etc
,0001 14.67
i.ouo;
9.09
16 56
19.00
9.75
,000'
.000
,000
,000
.000
8.02
7.10
2.88
113.000,
,000
33,000,
4.000.
1,0001
,0U0
26.75
7,000.
.00i) 16.43
11.600.
.000
4.91
3,000,
.oooi
.84
19.14
4.90
3.64
1.76
13.56
31.00
35,000,
40,000,
1,0001
1,000
1225,000,
1400,000,
.0001
i.oool
1.0001
4.500,
2,000,
,000
The truth Is that reliable statistics, as
well as our own experience and observa
tion, demonstrate to us that there is no
lack of circulating' medium, that wo never
had a greater per capita amount of money
in circulation than now, and that the vol
ume of circulation does not necessarily
regulate or fix the measure of prices, but
that this is now, as ever, mainly governed
by the law of supply and demand. The
same currency buys a bushel of wheat at
60 cents and a bushel of potatoes at the
same price. At this figure wheat Is very
cheap and potatoes very hlgn. The cne
product Is over-plenty, the other very
scarce. And this makes the difference,
not the volume or the quality of the cur
rency. Next Saturday we shall print the
statement of ex-Judge S. P. McConnell,
of Chicago, president of the celebrated
Iroquois club, wherein he declared for
the free and unlimited coinage of sil
ver, giving his reasons for so doing.
WELSH JOTTINGS.
The Tredegar Iron and Coal company,
limited, have booked the following con
tracts: The Great Northern railway of
Ireland, Midland and Great Western rail
way of Ireland, and Dublin, Wlcklow and
Wexyord railways, an aggregate of 150,000
tons.
Lloyd Chandos, the new tenor. Is of
Welsh parentage. His singing in the
"Messiah" at the Albert hall recently pro
duced a furore. He is engaged to play
"Romeo" for the Guildhall School of
Music at Drury lane on the 3d prox., and
he takes the leading tenor part In the sec
ond Wagner concert, to be conducted by
Herr Felix Motl, of .Karlsruhe and Bey
routh. The cantata which Dr. Joseph Parry has
been commissioned to write for the Llan
dudno eisteddfod will be divided Into three
parts, entitled "Cymru Fu," "Cymru
Sydd," and "Cymru Fydd." The libretto
has been entrusted to Owen Edwards,
whose conception of the Wales of the fu
ture ought ,to be Inspiring.. Professor
Monro Jones, of Bangor, and Professor
Rowlands, of Brecon, are to compose the
lyrics.
Recently at the English Presbyterian
church, Llanelly, Mrs. Aaron Da vies, ma
tron of Bangor Normal college, and sister
of Mrs. David Evans, Llanelly, was mar
ried to Thomas Jones, of Parker street,
Liverpool, and Berllwyd, Conway. The
ceremony was witnessed by a large con
gregation, the interest In the event being
by no means inconsiderable. The officiat
ing ministers were the Revs. T. James, M.
A., Llanelly, and W. Rowlands, Bangor.
Lloyd George, M. P., says Great
Thoughts Is a young man of a little over
thirty, and from an elocutionary point of
view one of the finest speakers in the
house of commons. He Is not very tall,
and looks a great deal younger than he
really Is, and when he speaks not one of
his Ideas is ever lost or weakened for want
of words. His fiery Celtic eloquence and
perfect delivery are to a great extent due
to the fact that he studied under one of the
great Welsh preachers. He Is passionate
ly fond of music and singing.
A correspondent writing In the London
Weekly Sun says: As the time Is drawing
near when our thoughts naturally turn to
holidays and where we shall go, may I
suggest a lovely nook In South Wales too
little known? Caerphilly Ilea In a beauti
ful valley and surrounded by glorious
mountains. The air is bracing and clear,
and the woods are thick with daffodils and
all kinds of wild flowers. It la a rambling
and thoroughly typical Welsh town, with
an old-world air about It, and Is noted
throughout the principality for its fa
mous and very good cheese; it also sup
piles the most delicious tiny Welsh mut
ton I ever tasted. Caerphilly Is a capital
center for trips to Weston, Clevedon,
Mlnehead, Ilf racombe, Lynton, Lynmouth,
Clovelly, etc., as boats run daily from
Cardiff and Newport, and Caerphilly is
only six miles from Cardiff and twelve
from Newport, and a capital train service
to both places. Raglan Castle, Ttntern
Abbey, and the Wye Valley are also well
within reach. To those who love moor
lands, woods, mountains and rivers, Caer
philly would be a very paradise, and It
should supply good fishing.
Until a few days ago T Talcen Mawr was
the central point, and perhaps the most
striking feature (says a special corre
spondent of the Times) of those famouB
quarries near Bethesda which have been
In operation since the reign of Queen
Elisabeth, and have changed half the
rugged ' protuberance of the mountain
called Bronllwd into a deep amphitheater.
Many thousands of people who have vis
ited the quarries must carry with them a
memory of the Taloen, It was a rough
slab-sided obelisk of grey rock, with a bold
vein of white quarts at the summit. Its
height from the bottom of the quarry was
about $00 feet, and It was pierced at regu
lar Intervals with tunnels representing the
level of operations at various periods In
the past history of the quarry. At all
times this great pillar of green rock pre
sented a picturesque appearance, whether
It was viewed from above or below, for the
terraces, which the quarrymen call galler
ies, of purple slate, rising tier upon tier,
one upon another almost to the top of tho
mountain, formed a singularly effective
background. Now, however, it is a thing
of the past. The rock dislodged represent
ed about 200,000 tons, and tho blasting
charge was seven tons of powder. In less
time than It takes to describe, the pinnacle-shaped
top of the huge rock tumbled
leisurely down and was pulverised Into
countless fragments, which fell from gal
lery to gallery with a rumbling noise like
the roar of angry waters. The vision for
several seoonds was completely unob
scured, but gradually the smoke ascended
and hid the quarry from bank to bank,
whilst its fumes caused the rapid retreat
of the spectators. Presently the smoke
cleared away, and the view then olitulned
showed that the blast had effected its
purpose.
THEATRICAL GOSSIP.
Mansfield Is rehearsing "Monselur."
John S. Clarke may return to the stage.
Carrie Turner has joined the Mansfield
company.
Odette Tyler Is the author of "Bess, the
Virginian."
Nellie Mc Henry will revive "The Brook"
next season.
A bicycle race Is tho realistic feature of
a new drama.
John Drew's next season will open In
'Frisco In August.
The "Triumph of the Philistines" is the
title of Henry A. Jones' new play.
William T. Carlcton will appear in "The
Lily of Klllarney" in New York shortly.
Four-fifths of tho plays that aro1 pro
vided for tho entertainment of our public
come from abroad.
Shakespeare's, plays have been per
formed oftcner In Munich this season
than In New York.
A new drama of New York life by Col
onel AJfrlend and Nym Crinkle will bo
produced next September.
William F. Hoey, "Old Hoss," has signed
with David Henderson for the American
Extravaganza company next season.
The "Notorious Mrs. Ebbsmith," "A
Pair of Spectacles," and "A yulet Rubber"
will be given here next year by Mr. Hare.
James F. Hoey will not appear outside
of New York next season, having been en
gaged as a permanent attraction tor Proc
tor's two theatres.
Stuart Robson says the "plays of the
present are purer, the actors better, and
the generul character of the stage higher
than at any time during my career."
Henry Arthur Jones' latest play is called
"The Triumph of the Philistines and How
Mr. Jorgan Preserved the Morals of Mar
ket Pewbury Under Very Trying Circum
stances." Miss Emily Rlgl has been re-engaged to
play the part originally created by Agnes
Booth In Mr. Holland's coming revival of
"Captain Swift." Joseph Holland will ap
pear in the title role.
Dlgby Bell, the prince of comic opera
comedians, will play General Knicker
bocker, in the big revival of "The Little
Tycoon," which is to be given for tho
summer at the Broad Street theatre, Phil
adelphia, under the direction of Nixon &
Zimmerman.
The Dramatic News says there will be
all sorts of amusements at Coney Island
on a big scale this summer bicycle racos,
a circus, Sousa's band, a burlesque com
pany, fireworks, and pretty much every
thing else in the way of pastime. Rice
it is said, is to be the general director of
these Important affairs. He will have the
backing and guarantee of Austin Corbln.
The law requires an American manager
to give a performance of an American
play In England either before or on the
same day the home production takeB place
to secure his royalties In Great Britain.
Mr. Tree. Mr. Irving, Mr. Wlllard and
William Terrlss all tried to obtain the
English rights of Paul Potter's play,
"Trilby," and Mr. Palmer favored Tree,
thinking he would make an Ideal Svengall.
On his arrival in England Tree cabled to
Mr. Palmer that ho would produce Mr.
Potter's play at his own terms, or a ver
sion of his own, According to Mr. Palmer,
the terms Tree offered were practically
prohibitory. Part of the royalties would
go to Du Maurler, who, It Is said, Is now
receiving $600 a week from Mr. Palmer.
HEALTH HINTS.
Washing the face with sour milk or but
termilk will remove freckles.
To check nose bleeding apply Ice to the
roof of the mouth and back of the neck
plugging the nostril with cotton is often
all that Is needful to stop the flow of blood.
Brushing the hair 100 strokes night and
morning will promote its growth and give
It a glossiness. Castile soap and hot water
used once every week, will keep the hair
and scalp clean.
A teaspoonful of pure glycerine every
two or three hours during the attack Is
a good remedy for a raw, sore throat.
Make a gargle of warm water and creolln
30 drops of creolln to a glass of water
and gargle four times a day for a month.
Tobacco, moderately used. Is, in the
opinion of many physicians, not Injur
ious; it aids to support the system, when
under excessive exertion, food and rest be
ing deficient. Smokers rarely suffer from
constipation, but frequently experience an
Immediate laxative result after their morn
ing cigar.
After having hnd the hands In water
wipe them dry. Hands will not crack If
they are dry. To heal the existing breaks
In the skin use a mixture composed of
oampound tincture of benzoin, one ounce;
glycerine, two ounces, and water, one
ounce. Rub well Into the hands after they
have been dried and allow to dry without
wiping.
Nearly all skin affections are "caused"
by digestive Irregularities and lack of per
sonal cleanliness. One cannot expect to
have a Smooth skin nor a fine complexion
unless tbe two greatest avenues for carry
ing off waste are kept open, A dally bath
a sponge or either hot or cold water
plunge bath, whichever Is the more con
venient or agreeable to take, is Imperative.
There must be a dally movement of the
bowels also. Attention to one's diet,
sleep and exercise all contribute to health,
and hence to beauty.
Bee, says a writer In Babyhood, that
your little ones sit straight and walk
straight, make them puff out their chests
In the various exercises and games which
your Ingenuity may suggest; teach them
so to swing their arms that every cubic
Inch of lung tissue may come Into play.
And then not only will you avoid a cer
tain percentage of lung troubles, but also
your babies will have rich blood, will havo
brighter eyes and better appetites; will
make you glad every time you notice their
keener vitality and budding strength.
Manchester's Ship Canal.
Three thousand vessels have used the
Manchester ship canal In the first year
after Its opening. Of these 501 were for
eign vessels bound to Manchester direct.
AN OLD BATTLE FIELD.
The softest whisperings of the scented
Bouth, i
And rust and roses In the cannon's mouth.
And where the thunders of the fight were
born
The wind's sweet tenor In the tinkling
corn.
With song of larks, low lingering In the
loam,
And blue skies bending over love and homt.
But still the thought: Somewhere upon
the hills,
Or where the vales ring with the whip-poor-wills.
(
Bad, wistful eyes and broken hearts that
beat i
For the loved sound of unreturning feet;
And when the oaks their leafy banners
wave,
Dream of the battle and1 an unmarked
, grave. F. L, Stanton.
Random Notes of
Life In
Miss Kaiser Chats of London Monument, Herr
Levi, Royalty and Gallant Tommy Atkins.
London, May 1. Yesterday I had a
un ui time to spare ana so ran aown
to see the monument, which people say
Is one of the sights of the place, and
ought to be done by all conscientious
sight-seers. It is not anything much
to see, however, I am sorry to say, be
ing chiefly Interesting from the fact
that it was erected here, on the site of
St. Margaret's church, to commemorate
the great fire of London In 1066, which
commenced near here in the house of a
barber named Farrlner, In Pudding
Lane.
This column Is of Btone, 202 feet high,
aid has a large and beautiful pedestal.
On the top of It Is a balcony, surround
ed by a moulded cylinder of gilt bronze,
which was made to resemble flame, ac
cording to the Idea of Sir Christopher
Wren, whose work It Is, and from this
balcony, which IS reached by a long and
weary staircase of 345 steps, a very fine
view of the great metropolis can be ob
tained. Tho Chimneys of London.
There being; not much to see below, I
mounted this tiresome old flight of
stairs and looked at London away be
neath rne for a few minutes. It is most
awfully high, after one once gets up
there, nnd the great black sooty dome
of St. Paul's lqoms up In one direction,
the houses of parliament nnd West
minster abbey are to be seen In an
other, and all over the lower houses
and other buildings there hangs a mist
of fog and smoke, while the towers and
spires of the hundreds of churches In
London tower above them and stick up
through the mist, so that from above
they look like pins and needles sticking
In (he big cushion of fog.
There are Latin inscriptions at the
monument's base, recording the de
struction of London by fire and how It
was rebuilt and improved. There used
also to be Inscribed upon the pedestal
the statement that the great fire was
caused by a conspiracy of Papists, "In
order to the carrying out of their horrid
plot for extirpating the Protestant re
ligion," but this allegation has never
been substantiated, and the unfair In
sinuation was removed some time ago.
Tbe Wagner Concerts.
The Wagner concerts have now com
menced for us in real earnest, the first
one laBt week having been conducted
by Herr Herman Levi, whose name Is
so honorably connected with the pro
duction of Parsifal at Bayreuth. It Is
his first visit here and he certainly has
succeeded, though all unintentionally, I
suppose, In raising the biggest hubbub
that has ever struck musical London
for many a day, and tne buzz of praise
and admiration has not died down for
a week yet. Everybody Is talking about
him and his work, and everybody Is
writing about it and one meets It on
every side.
Of course, I have never been here be
fore and so have never, till this winter,
really had the pleasure ot many good
Wagner programmes, and consequent
ly, I never saw any of these dear oil
German giants conduct; but they do
certainly "make things hum," and the
orchestras that have played under Sir
Alex. Mackenzie's and Mr. Henschel's
baton seem all at once to have jumped
into a new lease of life under the new
man. They all say that he Is quite as
fine as either Rlchter or Slgfrled Wag
ner, besides being even more Interest
ing. Herr Levi's Methods.
His methods are quite original, or, as
he says himself, he has no method.
For Instance, the other evening while
he was conducting the seventh sym
phony of Beethoven, and making more
of It than we had ever heard in any of
the frequent previous performances
this winter by other leaders, and while
all the Beethoven devotees were still
staring reverently at the man who had
wrought the miracle, he coolly stopped
work and comfortably contemplated
the band doing It by themselves, with
the air of a modest amateur In the
half-crown seats. In the last move
ment, which goes with the rush of a
chariot race, he got It Into movement
in the stride of a few bars and then
putting down his stick proceeded to
blow his nose, rub his hands and other
wise convey to the audience that he
was only the fly on the wheel of the
English band.
And another thing that is wearing
very hard on the nerves of the English
critics is that while Herr Levi was not
only actually delighted aa a child with
the excellence of his English orchestra,
but could not rest until he publicly
made known the fact, saying that in
Germany his material was not near so
fine; yet this very same orchestra,
which played like an organization sent
from the Celestial regions for this man,
plays and has played all winter, quite
like a little amateur affair for even
such conductors as Sir Alexander and
Mr. Henschel. It is rather hard on the
English conductors, just now; but
with all due respect to them, every one
Is acknowledging that the coming of
H.err Levi has made all the difference
In the world In orchestral work.
The next Wagner one comes in a week
or. so, and I think Levi is to be the con
ductor also. Yet. while the English are
Just swelling with pride over his com
pliments to their band, they are mourn
fully acknowledging that no one but
he ever made it play so beautifully and
that their own conductors are not yet
up to the mark of these great German
giants in music.
Tbo Oucen of Holland.
The little queen of Holland, with her
mother, the queen regent, is on a visit
to England, having arrived yesterday.
It Is called a strictly unofficial visit,
so I suppose there will be no oppor
tunity for poor common folk to get a
glimpse at this little lady. Perhaps
they are making the rounds of the
Protestant royal families In order to
got. quite a little look at all the young
princes) and pick out a husband for
her. That's It, I am sure, and they
can't disguise It from me, for one. She
Is about 15 now, and all the royalties
go and get engaged very young. In
deed. There Is one thing on which this
little queen Is to be congratulated, and
that Is that she will have a large as
sortment to choose from, there being
plenty of young princes and dukes and
such people In the English and the
Lutheran churches, both here and in
Germany.
But very different', Indeed, from this
royalty's visit will be that of bis high
ness, Nasrullah Khan, the second son
of the Ameer of Afghanistan, who Is
mow on his way to England to be the
guest of the nation during June and
July. A house has been taken for him
and his suite In Park Lane, the very
well residence street of London, and
preparations are now in progress to
make the visit of this young man, wUh
whose father the queen of England has
oeoome, ior political reasons, such
great friends, as bewildering and im
pressive as possible. He is to be feted
and feasted and taken about till his
barbarian eyes will weary of the Bplen
dors of the domain, of the great empress-queen,
to whose lands he has
been so cordially invited to come and
be lionized. England, you know, has
not the reputation of letting an ad
vantage already gained go unim
proved. It is safe to say that the pow
ers that be in the United Kingdom
will leave nothing undone in order to
delight and impress the Ameer's young
son, and send him home to his warlike
father and elder brother with wonder
ful tales to tell of the great wealth and
power of the white queen who so es
tentatlously parades her appreciation
of his friendship of the strange doings
and habits of the white "hat weavers,"
and of the wonderful sights and sur
passing beauty of the largest city In the
world. Russia, It Is now hoped over
here, will continue .to occupy a very
back seat .in the Ameer's affection
henceforth.
Victoria's Next DrnwIngRoom.
The queen herself returns today from
Germany and will hold a drawing room
at Buckingham palace next week. If
the day be fine, I shall go and stand
In the park with the Inquisitive and
curious feminine population, and see
the passing show, as the carriages with
their lovely occupants drive up and
take their places In the line which waits
for admittance to the palace grounds.
There are always so' many debutantes
and other people to be presented that,
for hours before the time for the Inter
esting ceremony to begin, the drive In
the park is filled with carriages of those
who have come early to get a good place
and he presented early. So here they
sit for hours some of them, and look
very fine Indeed In all their bravery,
while the vugus popull, composed most
ly of women; stands on each side of the
drive, and looks into the carriages at
the finery within on the occupants, go
ing from carriage to carriage, and some
times commenting audibly on those In
side. These affairs cost an awful amount
of money, time and trouble, and the
whole day of a drawing room is one
long torture to those who attend, for
the toilet commences early In the day,
and is so ridiculously elaborate an affair
that after ft is done the wearers must
treat themselves and what they have on
as though it were Dresden china. Then
they enter their carriages and are
driven to the park, where there Is a
long string already waiting before the
gates of Buckingham palace. This wait
is a very trying one, as a friend of
mine, who has gone through the ordeal,
tells me, some of the carriages having
to wait as long as three hours before
their turn comes, till many a fair de
butante has been known to faint dead
away In all her glory, from the nervous
strain consequent upon trying to look
heavenly and angelic all that time, I
suppose. Once in, there is another wait
InBide "the pen," and the sweet social
rosebud, Just about to burst upon the
queen's delighted Vision, has a few
minutes In which to try to remember all
those confusing and dizzying bobs
which she knows she will have to make
to the members of the royal family,
and which she has been assiduously re
hearsing dally for the past six weeks.
But about this end of the proceedings
I know more.
The Irrepressible Small Boy.
They tell me that the small boy Is
quite an interesting part of the pageant,
and makes himself quite as mischiev
ous and as annoying as he can well do,
especially to tbe police, as he will per
sist In coming up and shouting out
rather familiar and Jocose remarks to
and about the bedecked ladles and
gentlemen In the parade. Diamonds
become "glass beads," when he speaks
of them, ami the staid British matrons
in court dress are addressed as "dear
ole 'Arriet," and requested to divulge
the cost of anything that takes his
fancy. "Roignt yere's the woife for
me!" shouts one youngster, -as he gazes
in at a pretty young lady, at her first
presentation, and "Hello, Army! give
me love to 'er majesty, and tell 'er that
me 'ealth remains de same," goes to a
mm
i ... ... -
la --m- ,
AT
The Child
The Epicure dotes on it.
it. All grocers sell it.
Sold onlv In 2
' -
HE PROPS B TIES
OAK BILL STUFF.
IHE COnF.lOMVEALTH LBLIBER CO
TELEPHONE 481.
EVERY WOMAN
ismMi Hauls lellsMs, thty, tegslsMsj nelMss. Oelr kmlsjJ
Is psiestif ngi isesls be sses. . If yea west Us sW t
Dr. Poaro Pennyroyal PIII3
tnlat. 0star wht, U.M. AUtmtMU. KaSMSSa Ot 0TU4, 0,
For Saltby JOHN H. PHELPS
Bpruoo Stroot. 8ornton, Pa '
much decorated old colonel or general,
waiting with his wife. Miss 'Radical
says that this Is one of the things to see,
rabble and all. so. If the day be fine, I
shall go and be part of the rabble my
self, and see If it la so interesting as
they say It Is.
The great fuss that has been mad
over the "Notorious Mrs. Ebbsmith"
has rather subsided, and attention Is
now centered on the new plays being
brought out. "Delia Harding" U on ait
the Comedy theater and Is very flatter
ingly spoken of, but I have net seen
It yet myself, so cannot describe It.
The American play, "The Girl I Left
Behind Me," has also mad a hit here,
and the Count theater has just come
forward with a satire on society In the
shape of a play called "Vanity Fair,"
In which piece Mrs. John Wood scores
heavily as the assertive, pushing
wife of a parvenu millionaire. De
nouncing the absurdities of fashion.
and ait the same time yielding to the
extravagances condemned, she makes
the piece decidedly amusing, and some
of her utterances are Interesting, In
deed. Vanity Fair Don Mots.
I make up my mind to remember the
good ones, but, of course, I have for
gotten those I wanted to remember,
and can perversely .think of only som
of the less amusing lines. In on part
she declares that "a dinner, gown
should be daring neck or nothing,"
pretty hard on the modern dinner
gown; and when asked If her maid
should be rung for or fetched, ah
hurriedly replies: "No, don't disturb
her; she is doing my hair." Again,
when a retired politician questions a
statement, she says: "That's so Ilk
a cabinet minister. Somebody ask
him If it is true that night follows day,
and he replies that the government
have no official knowledge of the fact."
Then "Everybody comes to my parties.
Everybody, and, what's more, I know a
good many of 'em." The plot Is an un- ,
Important on. The whole play, I
thought was a good, funny, little cari
cature, and wholesome enough, tor
which thank goodness.
Next on my list la neither wholesome
nor funny, and tluut was a lecture on
theosophy given the ether night by
Mrs. Annie iBeaant In St James' on a
subject called "Mahatmas." She her
self was very Interesting. Dressed In
a simple rob of Indian silk, with a
plaid of the same stuff over her shoul
ders, and her face till bearing the
tar ot the Indian sun, ah 'made a very
picturesque appearance. Her hair Is
nearly white, or so It looked, and her
face Is really beautiful, In Its expres
sion at least, while the style of her de
livery holds one's attention constantly.
I listened to everything she had to say
about ''Mahatmas as Facts and ais
Ideals," and have decided that theoso
phy must remain quite beyond me and
I do not care In the least If it doe.
One oannot understand everything.
Life Is too short, and the good, simple,
old Gospel, which the smallest and
weakest mind can grasp and appre
ciate, Is quite good enough for me.
At the conclusion of her lecture a' man
In the audience called out, angrily:
"Where Is the evidence as to the exist
ence ot Mahatmas? Where Is it?
We've had plenty of eloquence, but
not a shred ot fast or argument." A
second listener, also a man, then
jumped up and as far as I could make
out, fired off a little evangelical ad
dress, and both continuing to speak,
the situation seemed fraught with pos
sibilities, but the chairman refused to
hear them and Mrs. Besant had retired
from the stage, so It all amounted to
nothing at all.
The uallant Life Guard.
This morning as I was practicing In
my roam here, I heard a great roar,
which kept coming nearer and nearer.
So, leaving my work, I ran to the win
dows of the front of the house and
looked out for the cause, which I dis
covered to be a large body ot very fine
looking soldiery, all mounted, and com
ing up the macadamized street at a
nice, sharp pace, the hoofs of the horses
making a tremendous noise. There
were three companies of them and Miss
Radical said they were a detachment
of the Life Guards, one ot the crack
regiments of the Queen's army. They
all had just tbe most beautiful horses
I ever saw, all black or dark brown,
with the exception of one white horse
in each company, and they rede Just
splendidly. Thelrunlformwasveryquiet
and rich and they wore those silly lit
tle hats that look like tincups over on
ear. I sat in a window and admired
them very much Indeed, and even en
vied them a bit, they looked so dash
ing and handsome, and I really cannot
deny that I did quite hopelessly lose
my heart to everyone of those 300 love
ly, beautiful, dear black horses.
Sadie E. Kaiser.
Loves It.
The Dyspeptic demands
Do vou eat it ?
lb. Packawc.
li ConDomuItl
, Bld'g, Soruton, PL
PharmaelaV Cor. Wyoming Avmim