HE SCIfJLNTOtf TRTBTJifE S ATTTRD AT MORNING, TEBRTJAEY 2, 1895.
ft
The Os? and Abuse
7 of. Great Wealth
Parts of an Able Lecture Delivered
.by Andrew Carnegie.
POVERTY IS . NO DISCREDIT
The" Greatest Disgrace of All Is for Man
'to Die with His Riches Undistributed.
Common Sense Opinions
About Wealth.
. Below are portions of an instructive
address on' "Wealth ansd Its Uses"
recently .delivered before 'the pupils of
Union college, at Schenectudy. N. Y.,
ly Andrew Carnegie. Mr. Carnegie
eaid: "It 1 'the fashion nowadays to
bewail poverty as an evil, to pity the
young1' man' .who Is not born with a
silver apuiuv In his mouth; but I hearti
ly subscribe-to President G-arlleldi's doc
trine tha t "The richest heritage a young
man can horn tails poverty.' I make
no ldla'piilctlon",When I say that it
Is from that clai among you from
whom itbV 'good And the great will
Boring, and 'that '- the reputation of
Union college In thei'future is to be not
only tnulutained but enhanced. It Is
not from the sons of 'the millionaire or
the noble ithat the .world receives Its
(teacher, its .martyrs, its inventors, Its
statesmen, its poets or even its men
of affairs. It Is from the cottage of
ithe poor 'that all these spring. We can
scarcely recall one among the few Im
mortal names 'that were not born to
die, or who has 2-endered exceptional
service to our race, who had not the
advantage of being cradled, nursed and
reartfd in tire stimulating school of
poverty. There Is nothftig so enervat
ing, nothing so deadly in Ha effects
upon the qualities whiuh lead to the
highest achievement, moral or intellec
tual, as hereditary wealth! And If
there be among you a young man who
feels itha.t he It not compelled to exert
himself In order to earn and live from
Ills oivn efforts, I 'tender him my pro
found sympathy. Should such a one
prove an exception to his fellows and
become a citizen .living a life creditable
to himself and useful to the state, In
stead of my piofund sympathy I bow
before him with profound reverence;
for one who overcomes the seductive
temptations which surround -hereditary
wealth Is of the -salt of the earth and
entitled to double honor. One gets a
great many good things from the New
York Sun, the distinguished proprietor
and editor of which you had recently
the pleasure, -benefit and honor of hear
ing. I beg to read this to you as one
of its numerous rays of light:
Dana on "Our Iloys."
Kvery moralist hard up. for a theme
asks at Intervals: What is the matter
with the suns of our rich and great men'.'
The question Is followed by statistics con
cerning the wickedness and bad endings
of such sons. The trouble with the moral
ists Is that they put the question wrong
end tirst. There is nothing wrong with
those foolish sons, except that they aro
unlucky. But there Is something alto
gether wrong with their fathers.
Suppose that a tine specimen of an old
deerhoiind, very successful In his busi
ness, should collect untold deer In a purk,
fatten fhem up, and then say to his pup
pies, "Here, boys, I've had a hard life
catching these deer, and I 'mean to see
you enjoy yourselves. I'm, so used to
racing through tho woods and. bunting
that 1 can't get out of the habit, but you
boys Just pile into that . park and help
yourselves."' Such a deerhound as that
would be scorned by every human father.
The human father would say to such a
dog, "Mr. Hound, you're simply ruining
those puppies. Too much meat and no ex
ercise will give mem me mange ami sev
enteen other troubles, ur0 If distemper
doesn't kill them -they will be a knock
kneed, watery-eyed lot of disgraces to
you. For heaven's sake keep them down
to dog biscuit and work them hard."
That same human father does with great
pride the very thing that he would con
demn in a dog or a cat. He ruins his chil
dren, and then when he gets old profusely
and sudly-observes that he has done ev
erything for them, and yet they have dis
appointed him. The man who gives to
his son an ottlce which he- has not de
served and enables him to disgrace his
father nd friends deserves no more sym
pathy than, any Mr. Fagin deliberately
educating a boy to be dishonest. .
. The fat, useless pug dogs which young
women drag wheezing about at the end of
strings ar hot to blame for their condi
tion, and the same thing is true of rich
men's sons. The young women who over
feed the dogs and the father who ruin the
Bons have themselves to thank. No man
would advocate the thing, . perhnps, but
who could doubt that If there could be, a
law making it Impossible for a man to in
herit any thing but a good education
end a good constitution It would supply
tis In short order with a better lot of men.
"It Is not the poor man who goes forth
to his work in. the morning and labors
until evening that we should pity. It
Jvthejtqn of. the rich man, whom Provi
dence has riot been so kind as to, trust
with this honorable task.- It Is not the
husy.jnan but the man of Idleness who
should arouse our sympathy and cause
us sorrow. 'Happy Is the man who has
found his work.' savs Carlvle. I sav.
; happy Is the man who has to -work,
and to work hard, and to -work long. A
great poet (hag said, 'He prayeMi best
who loveth best. Some day this may
be parodied into 'He prayeth beat who
'worketh best." An honest day's work
veil performed is not a bud sort of
prayer.
Wealth ncing Distributed.
I'The'prln'clpal complaint against 'our
industrial conditions of today Is that
these cause great wealth to flow Into
the hands of the few. Wel'l, of the very
few, indeed, Is this true. It was form
erly so,'- as I have explained. Imme
diately after the new Inventions had
changed the conditions of the world.
Today 1t is not true.' Wealth is being
more and more distributed among the
many. The amount of the combined
' profits of labor and capital which goes
to labor was never so great as today,
the amount going to' capital never so
small. While the earnings of capital
have fallen more than one-half, in
many cases have been entirely obliter
ated, statistics prove that the earnings
tpf labor were never-.BO- high- as they
-were previous to the recent unprere-
dented depression in business, while the
eost of living, the necessaries of life
tiave fallen in some cases nearly one-
bnlf. Great Britain has an Income tax.
nd our own country Is to be subject to
this Imposition for a time. The Ilrltlsh
returns show that during eleven years,
fnom 1876 to 1887, the number of men
receiving from $7f.O to $2,D00 per yenr
, increased more than 21 por cent., While
ne number .receiving from 15,000 to !5,
COO actually decreased ZVk per cent. .
' . "Toft, rnny be sure, gentlemen;' that
the question of -the distribution of
wealth is settling. Itself rapidly under
presettt'Mrtidltlons; and settling itself
in the.Tignt condition.- The few rich
ic i"'' uiiu ine Tuning
masses are gutting richer. A few ex
ceptlonal ,men rrtay yet make fortunes,
t -these 'Will- be more moderate than
in the past. This may not be quite
as fortunate for the ma Bscs of the peo
pie as is now believed, because great
accumulations of wealth in the hands
of one enterprising man who still tolls
on are sometimes most productive of all
the forms of wealth. Take the richest
man the world ever saw, who died in
New York some years -ago. What was
found in his case? Why, that with the
exception of a small percentage' used
for daily expenses his entire fortune
and all its surplus earning were in
vested lit enterprises which developed
the railway system of our country,
which gives to tho people tha cheapest
transportation known. Whether the
millionaire wishes it or not he cannot
evade the law which under present
conditions compels him to use his mil
lions for the good of the people.
The Millionaire's Small Share.
"All that he gets during the few years
of his life is that he may life in a finer
house, surround himself twlth finer
furniture and work9 of art which may
be added; he could even have a grander
library, mow of the gods around him;
but us far as I have known millionaires,
the library is the least used part of
what he would probably consider
'furniture' in all his mansion. He can
eat richer food and drink richer wines,
which only hurt him. But, truly, the
modern millionaire Is generally a man
of very simple tastes and even miserly
habits. He spends little upon himself,
and Is the toiling bee laying up the
honey In the Industrial hive, which all
the inmates of that hive, the commun
ity In general, will certainly enjoy.
Here Is the true description of the mil
lionaire as given 'by Mr. Carter in his
remarkable speech before the Bering
sea tribunal at Paris:
"Thoso who aro most successful In the
acquisition of property, mid who acquire it
to such an enormous extent, are the very
men who are able to control it, to Invest
it and to handle In the wuy moHt useful
to society. It Is because they have those
qualities that they ure able to engross it
to so large an extent. They reully own,
In any Just sense of the word, only what
they consume. The rest Is all held for
the benellt of the public. They are the
custodians of it. They Invest It; they see
that It is put into this employment, that
employment, another employment. All
liibor Is employed by It, and employed In
the best manner; and It is thus made the
most productive. Theso men who ac
quire these hundreds of millions are really
groaning under a. servitude to the rest of
society; for that Is practically their con
dition. And society really endures It be
cause It Is best for them that It should
be so."
"Here Is another estimate by w no less
remarkable man, Your friend, Mr.
Dana, has Just said at Cornell the other
day:
"That Is one class of men that I refer to
as benefactors, the thinkers, the men of
science, the Inventors, and tho other class
is that of those whom God has endowed
with a genius for saving, for getting rich,
for bringing wealth. .together, for accumu
lating und concentrating money, men
against whom It is now
claim, and Jralnst w
sometimes d. eted. Al
benefactor ot lumanlty
khionable to de
ll legislation Is
Let is there any
ho Is to be en
vied In his achievements and In the mem
ory and the monuments he has left be
hind him, more than Ezra Cornell? Or. to
take another example that Is here before
our eyes, morethan Henry W. Sage? These
are men who knew how to get rich, be
cause they had been endowed with that
faculty, and when they had got rich they
knew how to give It for great public en
terprtaes, for uses that will remain living,
Immortul us long as man remains upon
the earth. The men of genius and the
men of money, those who prepare new
agencies ot Mfe, and those who accumulate
and save the 'noney for great enterprises
and great public works, these are the pe
culiar and the Inestimable leaders of tho
world, as the twentieth century is opening
to us."
"The bees of a hive do not destroy the
honey-making bees but the drones.' It
would be a great mistake for the com
munity to shoot the millionaires, for
they are the bees that make the most
honey and contribute most to the hive
even after they have gorged themselves
full. The millionaire who tolls on Is the
cheapest article which the community
secures at the iprlce It pays for him,
namely, his shelter, clothing and food.
Necessary Concentration.
"The Inventions of today lead to con
centrating industrial and commercial
affairs Into huge concerns. You cannot
work; tha Bessemer process successfully
without employing thousands of men
upon one spot. You could not make
the armor for 'without first ex
pending $7,000,000, the Bethlehem
company has spent. You cannot make
a yard of cotton goods in competition
with the world without having an im
mense factory and thousands of men
and women aiding In the process. The
great electrical establishment here in
your town succeeds because It has spent
millions, and is prepared to do its work
upon a great scale. Under such condi
tions it Is impossible but that wealth
will flow Into the hands of a few men
in prosperous times beyond their needs.
"But assuming that surplus wealth
flows Into the hands of a few men,
what Is their duty? How Is the strug
gle for dollars to be lifted from the
sordid atmosphere surrounding busi
ness and made a noble career? Now,
wealth has hitherto been distributed
In three ways, the first and chler r.t
which is by willing It at the death to
the family. Now, beyond bequeathing
to those dependent upon one the rev
enuo needful for modest and indepen
dent living, is such a use of wealth
filther right or wise? I ask you to
think over the result, as a-rule, of mil
lions given over to young men and
women, the sons and daughters of the
millionaire. You will find as a rule it
Is not good for the daughters, and this
is wen In the character and conduct
of the men who marry them. As for
the sons, you have their condition as
described in' the extract which I read
you from the Sun. Nothing is truer
than this, that as a rule the 'almighty
dollar bequeathed to sons or daugh
ters by millions proves an almighty
curse. It is not the good of the child
which the millionaire parent considers
when he makes these bequests; H is
Ms own vanity. It Is not affection for
. Cornstarch Cake Cream one and one
half cupfuls of sugar with one-half cup
ful of butter. Add one-hnlf cupful of
milk. Mix one and one-half cupfuls of
flour with one-half cupful of cornstarch,
and sift one and one-huf tenspoonfuls
of baking powder Into It. Then cut and
fold Into the cuke the stiffly beaten whites
of seven eggs. Flavor to taste, lluko In
a moderate oven with steady heat.
Swiss Nut Cake. The solid portion of
this concoction may lie made by any fa
vorite rule for Jelly or layer cuke. Ench
householder has her own method. For
thn filling, cook. In a double boiler one
pint of milk and one cupful of sugar.
Make one tablespoonful of cornstarch
smooth with two tablenpoonfuls of milk,
stir constantly, pour back and let It boll
until cooked thick. Now draw back from
tho fire, let Urease to ball and beat-In
the yolks or three large eggs or four
small ones. Let It cook without boiling
until It thickens but does not curdle.
While It Is cooling prepare a rounded cup
ful of hickory nut meals, (butternuts
Wo'tld do, but a lens quantity should be
used, as - they are rich), saving out tha
unbroken halves to use on the top of tho
cake. These nuts should not be pounded
bi. ground In a smiVl mill which Is made
for this end similar purposes. When the
j filling is nearly cold, beat in these ground
the child! it is self-glorification for the
parent which is at the root of this in
jurious disposition of wealth. There
is only one thing to be said of -this
mode; it furnishes one of the most effi
cacious means of rapid distribution of
wealth every known.
"There is a second use of wealth, less
common than the first, which ds not
Sit injurious to the community, but
wliich should bring no credit to the
testator. Money Is left by millionaires
to public institutions, when they must
relax their grasp upon It. There is no
grace, and can be no blessing, In giv
ing what cannot be' withheld. It is
no gift, because it is not cheerfully
given, but only granted at the stern
summons of death. The miscarriage
of these 'bequests, the litigation con
nected with them and the manner in
which they are frittered away, seem
to prove that the fates do not regard
thorn with a kindly eye. We are never
without a lesson that the only mode of
producing lasting good by giving large
sums of money is for the millionaire
to give as close attention to its distri
bution during his life as he did to its
acquisition. Peter Cooper, Pratt of
Baltimore and Pratt of Brooklyn and
othersthese are the type of men who
should be taken by you as your model.
They distributed their surplus during
life.
The Proper I'se of Wealth.
"The third use of wealth, and the only
noble use of surplus wealth, Is this:
That It be regarded as a sacred trust to
be udmlnlstered by Us possessor. Into
whose hunds It flows, for the highest
good of the people. Man does not live
by bread alone, and G or 10 cents a day
more revenues scattered over thousands
would produce little or no good. Accu
mulated Into a great fund and expended
as Mr. Cooper expended It for the
Cooper Institute establishes something
that will last for generations. It will
educate the brain, the splrituul part of
man; It furnishes a ladder upon which
the aspiring poor may climb, and there
Is no use whatever, gentlemen, trying
to help people who do not help them
selves. You cannot push any one up a
ladder unless he be willing to climb a
little himself. When you stop boosting
he falls to his Injury, Therefore, I have
often said, and I now repeat, that the
day Is coming, and already we see Its
dawn, In which the man who dies pos
sessed of millions of available wealth,
which was free and In his hands ready
to be distributed, will die disgraced. Of
course, I do not mean that the man in
business may not be stricken down with
his capital in the business which cannot
be withdrawn, for capital is the tool
with which the business man works
his wonders and produces more wealth.
What I refer to Is the man who dies
possessed of millions of Securities which
are held simply for the Interest they
produce, that he may add to his hoard
of miserable dollars. By administering
surplus wealth during life great wealth
may become a great blessing to the
community, and the occupation of the
business man accumulating wealth may
be elevated so as to rank with any
profession; by this way may he take
rank even with the physician, one of
the highest of all professions, because
he, too, In a sense, will be a physician
looking after and trying, not to cure,
but to prevent the ills of humanity. To
those of you who are compelled, or
who desire, to follow a business life
and to accumulate wealth, I commend
this Ideal to you as the only one worthy
of young men privileged to call them
Belves graduates of Union college. The
epitaph which every rich man should
wish himself Justly entitled to is that
which is seen upon the monument to
Pitt:
"He lived without ostentation,
And he died poor."
"Such Is the man whom the future is
to honor, while he who dies in old age,
retired from business and yet possessed
of millions of available wealth. Is to
die unwept, unhonored and unsung,
Itules for Success in Life. '
"Let me give a few rules founded
upon experience as to competence and
wealth, and how to win them:
First, concentrate your mind and effort
upon one pursuit. It does not matter
what that pursuit Is eo It be useful and
honorable, und be the first authority In
that. Of .course, you' have heard the ad
vice not to put all your eggs In one bas
ket. It Is long since I first told young
men to reject that advice and pursue Just
the contrary course: "Put all your eggs
In one basket and then watch that bas
ket." More men fall to win competence
and wealth from disregard of this ad
vice and from scattering one's shot than
from any other one cause. Whenever
you see a man who Is director in twenty
different companies and Interested In va
rious pursuits, put him down as one sure
to become a Jack-of-all- trades and master
of none. This Is the age of specialization,
I have known many men fail, but very
few owing to their own business. Gener
ally because they have had outside In
vestments tn avocations which they did
not understand. .,
There Is a second rule: You must not be
content with simply performing the part
assigned to you; you must do something
beyond that, and watch your employe's
Interest at every point, no matter whether
it is your special province or not, and do
not hesitate to apprise him promptly of
anything that you see In any part of his
business which does not commend Itself
to your august approval. You have heard:
"Obey orders If you break owners.'.' Do
not lot the graduates of old Union be so
stupid. Break them any time If you aro
clear that breaking orders will save owners,-
and then go boldly to your employer
ami point out to him how foolish he has
been In giving such an order. Believe me,
the young man who' does not know the
business of . his special department much,
better than his employer can possibly do
has not the elements of the future million
aire In him.
There Is another good point: Never try
to make too good a bargain either for
yourself or your employer. Be always
fair. Avoid anything like sharp practice.
It is a poor bargain when both parties to
it are not benefited, and therefore happy
at having made It. Every unjust advan
tage taken In business, sooner or later,
proves a serious disadvantage. Men who
7"
nHow Some Very "Choke Cakes Are fladeon
meats together with one teaspoonful of
Vanilla extract. When: the cake Is cold
use this mixture for filling between the
layers. Garnish the top with a soft Icing
flavored with lemon, and edge It with a
beading of the hnlf nuts. Put another
row or two of nuts within the outer, If
you like, but It will be sufficiently rich
without that. No more toothsome cake
than this was ever made.
Lunch Cake One egg, one cupful of
sugar; one cupful of milk, one tablesponn
ful of butter, one pint of flour, two ten
IKionfuls of baking powder; separate the
yolk from the white of the egg, and add
the beaten white last, bake In a good oven
until a straw can be Inserted and with
drawn clean. .
...... -.. ..- . .. .-.
' -.- I..
Swiss Penny . Cake These - appetizing
morsels are so named from, their sire,
which Is that of a Swiss penny. Into tha
whites of five eggs beat one-quarter of a
pound of powdered nugar half an hour,
so that It if ft. think While cream, beyond
the stage. at which. cake Is ordinarily
made. Then mix in a 'heaping half-pint ot
sifted flour, stirring It lightly and grad
ually with the grated yellow peel of a
lemon and half Its Juice. If vanilla Is pro
furred, use half a teaspoonful In place of
lemon. Let the dough rest fifteen min
become great millionaires, co-operating as
they, must with others, must secure and
hold the implicit contldence of their asso
ciates and have a reputation as being in
all things fair, liberal and considerate;
their word must be better than their bond,
and-their-desire to do fair and liberal
things better than either word or bond.
Never speculate. The man who gambles
tn stocks In Wall street is not more cul
pable than he who gambles, at Monte
Carlo, but : he has much less sense, be
cause the chances between winning and
losing are not as equally divided In New
York as at the regular gambling establish
ment. The life of the speculator, of
course, Is tho llfo of a gamester, and this
Is fatal to the development of 'the rea
soning and Judging faculties in man. It
is a life of Intense excitement, fatal to
thought and to study. There are but few
Instances of men who have won fortune
Upon the exchange. They are up today
and down tomorrow, and usually break
down in the middle life, shattered wrecks.
Those of you who may become New York
physicians will soon become acquainted
with the lamentable results of stock
gambling. Beside this, a. moral consider
ation should prevent you. The man who
wins the money of others renders no use
ful service to his fellows In exchange. All
we get should be in return for some ser
vice rendered. 1 pray you, avoid specula
tion as you would prosper not only In
wealth but In health, happiness and honor.
It Is Indispensable that the future competence-milker
or millionaire should begin
to save a portion of his earnings early, no
matter how small these earnings may be.
It Is a great mistake, gentlemen, to think
that good habits and uslllty go unrecog
nized at this age. The millionaire employ
er Is constantly keeping his eye open JuHt
for these qualities in young men. It Is not
capltul that he desires, but ability, char
acter and good thrifty habits. Begin to
lay by a portion of your earnings every
month and keep up that hubit, and I
should like to insure you at a very low
rate ot premium your future millionaire
ship. Vou always hear that drinking liquor is
the dangerous rock in the puth of the
young. This Is true; perhaps the most
serious temptation to which a young man
is exposed. I never like to preach to
young men, knowing that they have sense
enough not to like to be preuched at, be
sides they have a very wholesome con
temp for the man who Is always' telling
them to be goody-goody and Who Is not so
awfully goody-goody himself. Because 1
have practiced since my youth what I now
recommend to you upon the liquor ques
tion, you will, I hope, patiently hear me.
Tho rule for young men is that It Is too
low, too common for him to enter a bar
room. He should not drink liquor be
tween meals, and, Indeed, when young, It
Is better that he should not touch It at all.
But I -do not think that any harm can
come from adhering to the rule never to
go beyond drinking a glass of wine at din
ner. I know that the medical profession is
generally of the opinion that after you are
forty thlB Is not only harmless but benefi
cial. Therefore, gentlemen, postpone test
ing the truth of this until you are forty or
thereabouts. Believe me, young friends,
there Is nothing so completely spoils a
young man's career as giving way, even
once, to intemperance. I have seen this
In my 6wn experience over and over again.
1 know cases of several who oocupled
high positions, were Intrusted with great
responsibilities, their (future promotion
certain and partnerships within their
easy reach. In one case 1 remember well
when the name was mentioned for this
one of the partners said that It was his
duty to Inform his associates, as Indeed It
was, that he knew this young man hod
upon a then recent occasion been In low
company and hud drowned the Clod-like
reason as Casslus did, with the like result.
"Never more be olllcer of mine" was the
decision of that firm, and the young man
never knew why others Were promoted
and trusted and he restricted to ordinary
duties. Avoid Intemperance If you would
rise.
"Obedience to these things Is requisite
to win competence and wealth."
ILL! LEO,
Illlleo! The moonlight seemed lost across
the vales;
The stars bestrewed the azure like an ar
mor's scattered scales;
The airs of night were quiet as the breath
of silken sails,
And all your words were sweeter than
'the notes of nightingales.
Illlleo Legardl! In the garden there alone,
With your figure carved of fervor as, the
Psyche carved of stone.
There came to me noymunnur ef the foun
tain's undertone
So mystically, musically mellow as your
, . own.
You whispered low, Illlleo so low the
leaves were mute,
And the echoes faltered breathless In your
voice's vain pursuit,
And there died the distant dalliance ot the
serenader's lute,
And I held you In my bosom as the husk
may hold the fruit.
Illlleo, I listened: I believe you! In my
bliss.
What were all the worlds above me, since
I found you thus In this?
Let them, reeling, reach to win me even
heaven I would miss
Grasping earthward I would cling here
though I clung by Just a kiss!
And I said the stars should slacken In
their paces through the past;
That blossoms should grow odorless, -and
. lilies all aghast.
Ere yet my loyalty should faiil enduring to
the last
So vowed I: It Is written: It Is chango
less as the past! -.-
Illlleo Legardl! 4n the shade your palace
throws
Like the cowl about the singer at your
gilded porticoes.
A moan goes with the music that may vex
the high repose
pf a heart that fades and crumbles as the
crimson of a rose. -
James Whltcomb Riley,
The Household Pet:
There Is Joy In all the household when the
tootsy-wootsy youth . ..
Becomes the pink possessor of a white
Initial tooth;
And his spine It seems to stiffen arid to
lengthen many yards
When he first dons knickerbockers and
- his girlish skirts discards;
But all his life's initiations seem most
dreary dull and flat
When sized up with the pride he takes!
In his
First
Silk
Hat.
Indianapolis Journal.
utes; Then brush a largo tin or! sheet
with butter and drop on the dough with
a teaspoon, making each round no larger
than a quarter of a dollar. Uakn In u
moderate oven from five to ten minutes.
In a close tin they will keep some time.
..
Llnzertart Cake Take one-half pound
of almonds after they are shelled, one
quarter pound of sugar, one-hnlf pound of
butter, one-hnlf pound of flour, the grated
yellow peel of one lemon, one teaspoonful
of ground cinnamon and a scant tea
spoonful of baking powder. Cream to
gether the sugar and butter, aud add tho
almonds, pounded fine, but not blanched.
They must be In a very fine paste before
they are stirred In. Then mix In the
lemon peel, cinnamon and flour. Work
and knead the. dough quickly and lightly
with fhe hands or it will crumble In plVes
od refuse to cohere. - Make in a ba.lV and
plate In the center of a cake form halving
a detachable rim. The rim Is removed
and the dough flattened with a rolling
pin until It Is perfectly flat and of an even
thickness of just otifi-half an inch.! Cut
off the dough which falls over the edge of
the bottom of the cake- tin, or extends
beyond it, just as If It were piecrust be
yond the edg? of the pie Alsh, and re
place the rim. Then form a rim of dough
half an Inch high (out ot that which was
out oft and that which remained after
Like a Real Page
from Fairyland
Miss Kaiser Delighted by a Little
Opera Founded on Grimm.
AN EXQUISITE ANCIENT WITCH
Musical and Dramatis Features of tho
New Year in the World's Greatest
City Chatty Paragraphs of Lon
don Mews and Gossip.
Special Correspondence of The Tribune.
London, Jan. 18. Last Tuesday I had
the pleasure of hearing the little fairy
opera, "Hansel and Gretel," which has
been make such a sensation In. London,
after its triumphs among ithe muslc
lovlng Berllners. I was simply de
lighted with it. It is Just the sweetest,
dearest, freshest little thing I ever
heard, and I sat through it the whole
evening in ' a state of enchantment.
Just fancy a man a genius, for such
Humperdlnck really must be taking
that dear, wholesome little fairy tale
from the pages of the delightful old
Grimm, clothing it with splendid song
and magnificent orchestration, and in
vesting at with the greatest dramatic
Interest. The little tale is treated w4th
all the dignity of a grand opera, wlhU:h
it really is, and of the most whole
some kind us well. I did enjoy the per
formance no much, and followed the
familiar little tale all through with
the keenest interest, from their run
ning out ilnto the Black Forest to pick
berries to their restoration to . their
dear, good German father and mother
at tha end of the last act.
You remember they get lost in the
forest and fall asleep there, ....
angels come down from heaven and
watchoverthem all night. The descent
of these angels was really heavenly.
Then the next day they come upon the
candy house of the old child-eating
,w.itch and of course are caught and
kept by her 'for her next meal, but, In
stead of being pushed into her oven by
her satanlo highness, they succeed in
pushinghenlntoherown fire, and "then
they lived happily ever after," and so
on. I had never seen a witch on the
stage, and really the way this one was
made up was charming. She had on
the regulation black Jacket, tl red
petitlcoat and pointed cap of the 'Itch
of our childhood's story books, al tho
way she rode through the air of, her
broom was just lovely! I fl Irly
screamed with delight at her, and my
dear Miss Radical declared that I acted
Just as If I were 0 years old when the
dear old witch came on and flew up
over the trees and houses In such a
lowly, supernatural style. iShe -was
altogether wiltehy, and I Just fell In lovo
With her. It Is on now at Daly's thea
ter, down in Leicester Square, and I
dare say It will come to America some
time soon. All good things do.
An Attractive Theater.
Daly's is a most beautiful theater.
I never saw a prettier, not even In New
York, and of course there were lots of
swagger gowns and all that sort of
thing to look at between the acts. There
was a little old operetta of Mozart's
given the same evening before "Hansel
and Gretel," and the contrast between
the styles of the two composers was
Milled to my notice by Miss Radical,
who is a splendid musician and tre
mendously clever as well. It really was
remarkably evident, and of the two,
I must say, I liked the latter-day man
the better. By the way. Prince Henry,
of Battenberg, whoever he may be, was
there in one of tho boxes. I could tell
ha was a swell from the minute I Baw
him, by the way the poor women who
were presented to him had to courtesy
and hold up their little hands to be
shaken, but I didn't know which one
ho was until my chaperon informed me.
Our boarding house is now "full up"
as the English have it. Every room of
the upper region Is occupied by a stu
dent, each one the pianist, violinist,
'cellist or singer of the rising genera
tion, of course, and we are a most melo
dious, harmonious and Interesting fam
ily. We are going to have our picture
taken as we are around the dinner table
In the evening, as there are ten of us In
all, and we really make a very charm
ing table full, I assure you.
Handsome English Pianos.
I wentthrough the great Erard piano
establishment one day this week, with
a girl who -Is going to buy an Erard.
We saw a host of the loveliest pianos!
Such beauties! And then such toneas all
Erards have Is marvelous, you know.
They showed us the one on which Pad
erewskt always plays when he per
forms In London and then some won
derful beauties done In white enamel
and inlaid with mother-of-pearl, be
sides some beautifully painted sym
bolically, you know. Some of these
were for princes and princesses, and
kings and queens on the continent,
but Paderewskl's was plain black. His
Is said to be the most magnificent In
strument, so far as tone is concerned,
ever turned out by the Erard house,
which is saying a great deal, as their
pianos are famous for nobility of tone.
There was one there, all Inlaid very
peculiarly with gold, silver and pearl,
and worth a thousand guineas, about
$5,000, which was mado for the fotraer
khedlve of Egypt; hut not being com
pleted before his death occurred, and
as his successor did not want it, It is
now for sale, at a slight reduction In
price. It is an Immense concert grand,
and has great solemn looking sphlnxs
for the legs of the Instrument. - It was
very interesting Indeed, and I should
think, too, that it would prove a very
difficult thing to sell.
Last night same of us went to an
other of the London Symphony orches
covering the bottom, of the tin) and Join
It to the top edge of tho cake all around.
This makes a shallow cavity for straw
berry or raspberry Jam, which Is to be
spread pvenly over the top. It Is kept
from touching the tin by the Ihln rim of
dough.. A Jelly-glassful of Jam will be
sufficient for a cake about one foot In
diameter. With the dough which remains,
rolled out thin and cut In strips one-half
an Inch wide und spliced together on uc
count of brltllcness, cross tho top In
squares or parallelograms ns If It were
pastry over a tart, liuke three-fourths
of an hour In a moderate oven. This coke
Is better the llrst or second dsy after bak
ing thun when fresh. It will keep more
than a week. , .
. Economical Cake Two eggs well beat
en, one cupful of sugar, onq cupful, of
sifted flour, one and one-half tenspoonfuls
of baking powder, mix all together until
very smooth, and add, last thing, hnlf
cupful of boiling water, stir quickly and
bake at once. This Is excellent for jolly
roll it buked on u very shallow tin and
rolled at once. - " . , ', . -
Cocoanut Cake One cup sugar, one cup
flour, half teaspoon cream of tartar, one
foucth teaspoon soda, one teaspoon boiling
water, thtee eggs; boat tho yolks ot tho
tra concerts again, and, by the way,
heard yet another new pianist, a- M.
DIemer, French, I think, . He plays
very well, but I liked tha orchestral
things the best. We had Beethoven,
Moaart, Balnt-Sacns, and of course,
Wagner.
Besldo a London Fireplace.
It has grown quite cold for London
this month, and we have cute little
Ares lighted in our rooms, and I love
to sit,' toy my Are, when practice is done,
and watch it burn. The soft coal they
use over here Is very full of gas, and
it burns with a great deal of flame, al
most like wood. It Is very odd, I think,
to ring and ask the maid for "more
coals" when the scuttle is empty. They
never oall It coal over here; it Is al
ways "coals," and by the way, costs
four pence a scuttle full. ' I remember,
when In Wales this summer, going into
raptures over-, the picturesque old
fashioned fire places, as contrasted
with our hot air registers and steam
helot radiators. But that was in the
summer, when we really did not .need
a fire, -but'had one Just to take the chill
oft the air. I have since returned to
my old love, however, since tactual cold
weather has come upon us, and now
declare most emphatically In favor of
our more advanced system ot heating
our houses. These London houses
have 'been built for centuries, most of
thorn, and are provided with a most
wonderful number of flues and chim
ney pots, down which the sweeps really
do come, Once ortjwlce a year, but their
rooms are so big and high and chilly
that one little fire In a fire place is not
at all enough to make an American
warm. These English .say we overheat
our houses, anyway, and Ithey Hike
chill, fresh air, I nutlce. As a matter
of fact, though, I like the climate here
exceedingly. It is never hot, and never
very, very cold, either, but always
sort of fresh and damp from the sur
.ng waters, I suppose. Ruin may
fall at any .minute, notwithstanding,
so I carry my umbrella religiously
wherever I go.
Plcusaut Winter rait lino.
The other day I went with one of
the girls to see some skating In St.
James' park. The Ice -is not very good
here, as the weather has not been cold
enough to - freeze hard-; nevertheless
there have been many Impetuous
youths and' maidens evidently seeking
a watery grave. There have been
some disappointments in the matter,
luckily, but In all of the parks
where the artificial lakes froze over a
bit, have been regularly wholesome im
mersions and some fatalities. In one
park I saw the ice give way and let
from thirty to fifty people down in the
water up to their shoulders and chins.
They had to be fished out, all wet and
sticking together generally, and be sent
home, cold and cross, In cabs. I don't
go on, and I really went with my friend
to keep her off, too. We passed across
the front of Buckingham palace, a
great big, gloomy building with im
posing looking lions on the top of it.
It is here that the queen comes and
lives for about three or four days, per
haps. In every year, spending the rest
of the time at Windsor, or in Balmoral
in Scotland. My Miss Radical says,
"What Is the use of an English queen
to us way up there In Scotland?" She
is a terrible radical, and admires our
government very much. She does not
admire the queen at all, and whenever
the other girls say anything compli
mentary to her majesty she grumbles
out, "The queen is an old frump! She
doesn't even know enough to get a new
bonnet," and so on. The queen's pre
dilection for bonnets on which time
has left a broad finger mark. Is well
known, and my friend also laughs de
risively at the poor waiting women to
the queen, who get nearly frozen to
death every year on account of her ma
jesty's decided preference for cold and
biting air, while our conservative
friends speak so admiringly on the
other hand of her "sound British con
stitution," and so on. Miss Radical
very much admires John Burns, who
has just returned from America, and
who is now undergoing newspaper In
terviews. In one of his talks he said
he supposed he committed an offense In
not allowing himself to be dined and
wined, and if he had done so he sup
posed ha would have throttled the
hydra of much press fiction about him
self. "It is a custom," he says, "with
some people to be dined and wined,
and then, returning home, write a book
ridiculing their entertainers and de
nouncing the things they had glorified."
I wonder if Max O'Rell saw that. I
hope he did.
Coming Amusements.
I have been to a great deal this week,
but I cannot remember It all. I have
had the pleasure of see'.ng Rold Arditt
conduct an opera, as well as Henschel
with his orchestra at the symphony
concert. Next week I am to hear Alice
Gomez sing and a number of other
people, too Ben Davies, Foil, Antoin
ette Sterling and some more. On an
other night my Scotch lassie and I will
take In Henry James' "Guy Domville"
from the dress circle In St. James' thea
ter, where It Is on. This (Saturday)
night there Is a concert, too, at the
Royal Academy, where my Scotch girl
Is to have two of her songs performed,
and, of course, we shall all go and ap
plaud vociferously when they are done,
for the honor of our house. I am well
and happy and more in love with Lon
don Mian ever. Sadie E. lvalser.
ERRORS OF MEMORY.
Many Persons of Refinement and Culture
Misquote Shakespeare.
From the Globe-Democrat,
Misquotations from Shakespearle are
so numerous that every one, ot some
time, has hod his attention attracted to
m.i or more. One of the most conspic
uous, from Wit fact that it is constantly
obtruded on public attention by being
eggs, stir In the sugar, then the whites
of the eggs beaten to a stiff froth, then
the Hour, with the cream of tartar mixed
through It; then the soda dissolved In the
boiling water; biike In three or four cakes
In a pretty quick oven; make an Icing of
the whites of two eggs and six heaping
teaspoons of powdered sugur, spread the
icing on one cuke, then a luyer of cocoa
nut, then Icing, then another cake, etc.
If you use prepared cocoanut you must
moisten with milk before using.
, Raisin Cake Take one and one-quarter
pound of light dough, a teacup of sugar,
one of butter, three eggs, a teaspoonfXil
of carbonate of soda, one pound of rais
ins; nutmeg or cinnamon to the taste;
buke one hour. Let It rise before being
baked. . v- .. , - . ...
- j ,
"lce Cream Cake Take the white -ot
eight eggs, beat to a stiff froth, two cups
sugar, one cup butter, one cup sweet milk,
two cups flour, one cup -cornstarch, two
tcaspoonfulft baking powder, add the
beaten whites of the eggs last. Buke In
jelly tins. For' the Icing, boil four cups
of sugar until It will candy and pour over
tho beaten whites ot four eggs, and add
one teaspoonful pulverized citric acid.
Stir until cold and spread between layers.
-Philadelphia Record Recipes.
used as the motto of "all the year,"' la
the passage, "The story of my Ufa
from year to year," from Othello, which,
the editors have made to read, "The
story of our lives from year to year."
The expression "heart of hearts," la
known, to every one and has tho sanc
tion of severed of our best prose amd
poetical writers. All attribute it to
Shakespeare, but the words used by tha
bard are 'heart of heart." They are
put flu the mouth of Hamlet In hla
speech to Horatio, "Give me that man
who id mot passion's slave," and are full
of a meaning tlhat is quite obliterated
by the stupid change in phraseology.
The common version of Lady Mac
beth's advice Is "Screw up your cour
age to the sticking point," whereas she
said "Screw up your courage to the
sticking place." "We are euoh stuff as
dreams are made on," Is usually ren
dered "We are such stuff as dreams are
made of," a quite different meaning,
while "Leave not a rack behind," the
close of the speech of Prosper to Fer
dinand in the fourth act of the Tempest,
Is commonly rendered, "Leave not a
wreck behind," a misquotation so gen
eral that it is used on the monument
to Shakespeare in Westminster Abbey.
It Is worth remembering in this con
nection that the general familiarity
with Shakespeare Is so great that
speakers and writers often vary his
words to their own purpose without for
a moment considering that they are
taking a liberty, and, indeed, the actors
and critics do as much, for "Off with
his head, so much for Buckingham,"
and "Richard's himself again," are not
found In the best editions, and are now
known to be Interpellations by Colley
Cibber, who introduced these and other
similar expressions for the benefit of
the leading actor, in this case himself.
, WITH THE LAWMAKERS.
A bill for the execution of death sen
tences by electricity has been Introduced
In the West Virginia legislature.
The South Dakota senate has passed the
resubmission bill by a vote of 2G to 7,
which assures the wiping out of prohibi
tion in that state.
In the lower house of the New Mexico
legislative assembly the other day a bill
to grant the right of suffrage to women
was defeated by a vote of 111 to 7.
A member of the New Hampshire legis
lature is to introduce a bill which makes
It an offense to knowingly give libelous
or false Information to a newspaper man.
The first Important step has been tukea
In the Indiana legislature toward releas
ing Jeffersonvllle of its notoriety as a
KJretna Green. For 'years past loving
couples from Kentucky have taken a ferry
boat to Louisville and on an elopement
Journey costing two G-ce-nt fares have
fund a haven from Irate parents. The
Justices of the peace at Jeffersonvllle have
thrived on fees from these eloping couples
and hack drivers and hotel runners have
been paid regular salaries by the magis
trates for bringing In the young people.
The joint legislative committee of New
York, composed of the finance commit
tee of the senate and the ways and means
committee of the assembly, which was
authorized by the last legislature to in
vestigate the administration of the New
York state commission and the necessity
lor their continuance, report that the va
rious commissions, which cost less than
15,000 In ISM), received appropriations la-it
year of over $l,UU0,uu0.
A petition is being circulated in the
Hartford, Conn., shops where women are
employed praying that the general as
sembly enact a statute requiring that un
married women be given the preference
In shoif! and factories where women are
fmployld. The legislation Is desired to
prevent married women, whose husbands
earn good wages, from working In shops
to the exclusion of single women who have
to support themselves and frequently rela
tives, also.
Among some of the bills before the Ala
bama legislature are the following: To
prohibit the granting of free rallroui
passes to members of the legislature; to
prohibit persons from secreting them
selves on railway trains to avoid paying
fare; to require railroads carrying pas
sengers to build depots and waiting rooms
and keep agents In all towns of over 5u
Inhabitants; to authorize the use of auto
matic ballot machine In municipal elec
tions. A Minnesota senator has drafted a bill
for the state protection of forests and for
the prevention of forest fires. It provides
for the appointment of a forest commis
sioner, who shall take measures to mini
mize the danger of fires and shall report
annually to tho governor the different
methods of lumbering and the effects upon
the timber supply, water power, etc., of
the state; making at the same lime rec
ommendations as to legislation for the
preservation of the forests.
A member of the house of the Wyoming
legislature has introduced a measure to
prohibit gambling of every description In
the state of Wyoming. The power to
regulate gambling In any form will be
taken nwey from all municipal corpora
tions. Should this bill be come a law the
owner of property In which gambling is
conducted Is made lluble to the samo
punishment as the owner of the game.
At present gambling of every form is
licensed In Wyoming. The business men
are urging the passuge of the bill and it
will very likely become law.
The Fuslonlsts in the North Carolina
senate refused to adopt a resolution pro
posing that the legislature should adjourt
on General Ie's birthday. This, of
course, has fired the Bourbon Democrats,
who are aghast at the idea that any south
erner should ignore Lee. One newspaper
took a lit over the matter und wonders
"whoit explanation the alleged Demo
cratic members of the Fusion party can
make to their ronstltuents for refusing to
honor the anniversary of the birth of one
of tho most heroic soldiers and hristlans
this age has prduced?"
Senator W. H. Austin has introduced a
bill In the Wisconsin senate relating to
street railway corporations. The meas
ure provides that In lieu of taxes street
rullwav corporations shall pay to tho
municipality from which they derive their
franchises a graduated portion of their
gross earnings. Speaking of his bill Sen
ator Austin said: "You cannot fix the'
value of a street railway franchise except
by Its earning power. One year the same
franchise may earn lots of money and an
other year It may earn only a little. By
taking the gross earnings you do Jus
tice to the company." Philadelphia Press.
MY FIDDLE.
My fiddle? Well, I kind o'
keep her
handy, don't you know7
Though I ain't so much Inclined to tromp
the strings und switch the bow
As I wus before the timber of my elbows
got so dry.
And my fingers was more Umber-like and
oaperish and spry.
Yet I can plonk and plunk and plluk,
And tunc her up and pluy.
And Jest lean back and laugh and wink
At every rainy day.
My playln's only mlddlln' tunes i picked
up when a boy
The kind o' sort o' flddlln' that the folks
call cordaroy:
"Tho old Fat Gal" and "Ryestraw" and
. "My Sailor's on the Sea,"
Is the cowtllllons that I saw when tha
i ch'lce ie left to me.
And so I plunk and plonk and pllnk,
And rosum up my bow,
And play the tunes that make you thlnW
The devil's in your toe I
' .V, .'
That's how this here old fiddle's won my;
- heart's Indurln' lovel
From the strings across her middle to tha
screechln' keys above
From her apern, over bridge, and to tha
- ribbon round her throat,
She's a wooln'. coolu' pigeon, alngin
"Love me" every note I
And so I pat her neck, and pllnk
Her strings with lovln' hands,
And llst'nln' rlost, I sometimes think
She kind o' understands)
'James Whltcomb Riley.