• .
M., 1 1
($l. •
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-
014 17 7..
•
PUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE CITY OF READING, BERKS COUNTY, PA.-TERMS: $1,50 A YEAR IN ADVANCE.
j. LAWRENCE GETZ, EDITOR.]
EVERT SATURDAY MORNING
,41h-T - o;. earner of Penn and FVlh street, ad
at.thig, Om Famers , Bank of Reading,
TERMS OF SIIRSCRIPTION.
sl,lll 5,1 V, payable in advance.
1.0 (Hot As. mouths, in advance.
Four copies for SU, in advance.
Tea copies for 12,
Ai,- .4 /I pop,rs &isnot/tine:4 at the expiration of the
BATES OF AD - VE.87151;50 IM TM Can
(Iwn%
lmo. E Smo. o. ly.
Fgaare, !. Mow, orless, 50 Fril 75 2,00 SAO 6,00
I° :10 1,00 1.25 3.00 0,00 8,00
1
.. 5,., 61 1,00 7,00 2,0 1 ) GM 5,00 in t oo
t „ 1 " 1,50 3,00 3,75 7,50 12,00 20.00
[i.srger toinertisemente in proportion.]
}; „. a t,,, - and Administrators' Notices, 0 insertions $2,00
.. ,..,1,/,.r., - Notice. and Legal Notices. 3 4, 1,60
~,e h d ti,diccr, 81 reading matter, 70 ete, a line for one
1,,,,,
=litarriage notices 23 cents each. Deaths will be
f ..1.1.bed
sil °binary Notices, Resolutions of Beneficial and
nivsta asso,istions, Will be charged for, as adver
at the above rat , :s.
A,t._,t;-emoiLt fer Religion& Charitable and Rif
ono ball the above rates.
cn all cOsertising will be considered payable in each,
e., trs: insertion.
ivertisers shall have the privilege (*.f desired)
~sori,,,T their advertise eats every three costace—bat
real, v. Any additional renewal., or advertising ex
„
sites the amount contracted for.crill be charged Alta
t:,o rates above specified for transient adver.
T.-46y nacertisers 'nlll be charged the seine rates ea
:Or all msttern not relating strictly
I '
PRINTIN.3 OF EVERT DESCRIPTION
s,r,ented in a eaporior manner, at the very lowest prices.
c, sal°. anent ul .lon TIPR is large and Inehiunable, and
at Wert ,pesks for itaelf_
Blabitt ZiP ALL HINDI.
inthalE,S, PSECENE.TIT and PAYEE DEEDS, MORTE,DIES,
Aanoks os. AORHEYENT, LEASES, and a variety of
.i..I . ICFE - Thanks, kept constantly for sale, or printed to
DANIEL E. SCHHOEIDER,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
OFFICE WITH J. lIAGENMAN, PENN ST.,
.bare Sixth, Readlog, Pa. Vona 6-31 n
C. A Leopold,
TTORNET AT LINV.—OFFICE IN COURT
/IL street, Bret door below Sixth, Beading, Pa.
May 21, ha-ly
.17C.SSE G. EUOVIMY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
NAS REMOVED HIS OFFICE TO NORTH
Sixth Street, opposite the Keystone House, Reading.
arra n, 15133-tf
-- SO=N RALSTON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
fIFFICE WITH A. B. WANNER, NORTH
tr Sixth Street. (above the Court House.) Reading, Pa.
Fshruary 2.1.15e3-I.y _ _
REMOVAL.
I'irILLIA3I A. LIYINGOOD, ATTORNEY AT
11 LAW, has removed btu Oleo to the north old of
Cann *treat first door below Sixth. • [deo 2.2ftt
Charles Davis,
1 1-
TTORNET AT LAW--HAS lISMOVHD HIS
Office to the Office lately occupied by the Don_ David
wrdan, deceased, in Sixth street, opposite the Court
Damn [april 14
Daniel Erinentront,
A TTORNEY AT LAW—OFFICE IN NORTH
11 Sixth street, corner of Court alley. rang 13-ly
David Neff,
NITROLESALE AM) RETAIL DEALER IN
l'afiliat and Dointetio DRY GOODS, No. 2.5 East
P.:an swat, Reading, Pa. Dioro. 1J,1860.
LIVINCOOD'S
'United States Bounty, Back Pay and
Pension Office,
COVET STBRET, AVILII: SIXTH
lIATING BEEN ENGAGED 1N COLLECT
•Iug claims against the Government, I feel confident
no all who have heretofore employed me will cheerfully
ennoreo my promprneee and fidelity- My charges are
n...ritened DO charge made vent obtained.
WILLIAM It. LIVIN0001),
art IS-ti] Attorney at Law, Goan St., Reading, Pa.
DISCHARGED SOLDIERS
iIAN NOW OBTAIN THEIR $lOO BOUNTY
!Li trom the ti. S. Coven: n:6.34 by .lipplieation to
ABligit K. STAUFFER,
March 7-113 Collection Onlee, Court Street, Beading.
ASA M. HART,
(Lest° Hart k Mayer,)
]DEALER IN FOREIGN A_ ND AIIERICAN
DRY GOODS, CARPRTIPIGS, Sc., Wholesale and Re
ail, at Philadelphia prices. Sign of the Golden Bee Rive,
re Id East P 61112 SCITLITI3. Eaptill7-4i
P. Bushong & Sons,
A„lr ANUFACTURERS OF BURNING FLUID,
Absulute, Deodorised and Druggists' Alcohol; also,
,so tht, which they will sell at the Lowest Wholesale
at Reading, P.
•taa— Ordem reskeetfally solicited.
G. M. MILLER, M. D.,
Mclactic Physician and Surgeon.
aGRADUATE OF THE ECLECTIC MEDI
m College riladelphia, offers his professional ser
irss t o she duce.. of Dahlberg and vicinity. Painful
Enrgical operations, such as Setting Broken and Dislocated
hints, Amputations, Cutting Cancerr, 'Tumors, de., will
it Performed under the Influence of Ether, at the Consent
of the rodent.
Cr °face at his residence in Main street, Hamburg, Pa.
May 9, 1363-tr.__
DP.. T. - YARD - LET' BROWN,
SURGEON DENTIST.
6 1 2 re ., GRADUAT EOF PENNSYLVANIA
Dental College. Teeth extracted by Fran
eie Electro Magnetic process, with Clarke's
improvement. With this method teeth are
strwied with much less pain than the este way. No
extra charge. Mite in Fifth street, opposite the Presbyte
tile Church. [awn 2-ly
CHARLES LANCASTER,
MEDICAL ELECTRICIAN,
Fourth Street, above Penn, Reading.
January 24.186541
PENSIONS,
BOUNTIES & BACK PAY.
A PPLICATIONS PROMPTLY ATTENDED
to. Terms moderate and no ebarge until obtained.
A. 0. GREEN, Attorney at Law,
Jan 31-ffino] Office in Court tired, Reading.
• SOLDIERS'
11017NTT-INONEIC, BA.CIC-PAT
AND zrzNszoN CLAIMS
PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO BY
A. lE-_ STAUFFER.
Attorney at Law, Office In Court Street,
Jan 31-tl3 READING, PA.
F. P. HELLER.
WATCHMAKER, JE WELER,
AND DEALER IN
WATCHES, CLOCKS, JEWELRY,
QPOONS.. SPECTACLES. GOLD PENS. i&c.,
Signal the a BIG WATCH,n No. 63✓. East Penn
Street, above Sixth, north aide, Reading, Pa.
ier Every article warranted to he what it is sold for
Watches, Clocks, Jeweliy,.&e., repaired with particular
/Mention, and guaranteed. (tab 3.-tr
NOTICE.
LL PARENTS AND GUARDIANS ARE
earneetly requested to keep the children under their
control from playing or walking upon the Railroad Tracks,
to And near thin city_ As LocomOtives and Cars are con
...tautly in motion thereon, neglect or Ibis precaution will
corn:ooy remit in cerions*.t,a perhaps fatal accidents.
June 6-3 m) ELL h 'COLL% General Superintendent.
'UNE SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, 200 WHITE
X Granite Tea Setts of the newest style.
ta l olt SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, SOO GRANITE
1: Dinner Setts of the newest etyle.
TROP SALE AT TEE OLD JAIL, 1000 SETS
Common Teaware.
1: 4 101i. SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, THE LARG
est assortment of Liverpool Ware ever offered in
1 -1 0 A It SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, A LARGE
J. assortment of Pittsburgh, Boston and Preach Claes
mare of every description.
FOR SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, THE CHOIC
_ mt variety of Bar and Hotel Gime, China and Queens-
Vara faraitara aver offared la EMU&
FOR SALE, AT THE OLD JAIL, 60 BARRELS
X Mackerel at Pbiladelphis prices.
marsh 22 WILLIAM EBOADB, Jr.
BALTIMORE LOOK HOSPITAL,
AWESTABLISMID AS A REFUGE FROM QUACKERY.
The Only Place Where a Cure Can be
Obtained.
JOHNSTON HAS DISCOVERED THE
most Certain, Speedy and only Effectual Remedy in
the World for all Private Diseases, Weakness of the Bea
or Limbs, Strictures, Affections of the Kidneys and Blad
der, Involuntary Discharges, Impotency, 13eneral Debility,
Nervousness, Dyspepsia, Languor, Low Spirits, Confu.
Mon, of Ideas, Palpitation of the Heart, Timidity, Tremb
ling. Dimness of Sight or Oiddiness. Disease of the Head,
Throat, Noe or Skin, Affections of the Liver, Lunge,
Stomach or Bowels—thoee Terrible Disorders arising from
the Solitary Habits of Youth—those sscairr and solitary
_practices more fatal to their victims than the song of Syrens
to the mariners of ITIpo Ea blighting their most brilliant
hop* or anileipations, rendering marriage. Sao ilarleseil+let
IitaIINCI MEN
Especially, Who have become the victims of Solitary Vice,
that dreadful and destructive habit which annually sweeps
to an untimely grave thousand's of Young Men of the most
exalted talents and brilliant intellect, who might other
wise have eat...red Miming &MUM, with the thunders
of eloquence or waked to 'meteor) , the living lyre, may call
with fall confidence
3VIII/7AJUAGE,
Married Perlsoll2, or . Young Men contemplating mar
riage. being aware of phynical weakness, organic debility,
&Aortal...lea speedily tang.
He who places himself under the care or Dr. 7. may
religiously confide in his honor as a gentleman, and con
fidently rely upon his skill as a physician.
ORGANIC 1171341.11NE5S
Immediately Cured and Full Vigor bestirred.
This Distriebilitg Affeetiou—which renders Life end Mery
liege the penalty paid by the victims of im
proper Indulgences. Young persons are too apt to comtuit
excesses from not being aware of the dreadful coma.
quinces that may cacao. Now,who that understand the
subject will pretend . to deny nt the power of promos:
lion ix lad sooner by Monti falling lute Improper habits
than by the prudent r Besides Wing deprived of the pleas
ure of healthy offspring. the must serious and destructive
symptoms to both body and mind arise. The system be
comes Deranged, the Physical and Mental Functions
Weakened. Loon of Procreative Power, Nervous Irritabil-
, .
lip, llyspapsiakralpitativa at vh9 He n Indiseation, Con
stitutional Debility, a wasting of the Frame, Conitti Con
sumption, Decay and Death.
Office, No. 7 South ,Frederick Street.
Left baud side going from naltimote street, a few doora
from the corner. Fail not to observe name and number.
. . . . . .
Leiters mad be paid and contain a stamp. The Doctor's
Diploma hangs in al e Waco.
A ctraz urazazumnuo IN
TWO DB73'&
No Mercury or Nauseous Drugs.
Mine 501121STON,
Member of the Repel College of Surgeon, Loudon, Orad
ewe from one of the most eminent Colleges In the United
states, and the greater part of whose life has been spent
In the hospitals of London, Paris, Philadelphia and else
where, has effected same of the most astonishing cures
that were ever known; many troubled with ringing In
the hold and ears when asleep, great nervousness. being
alarmed at sudden sounds, bashfulness, with frequent
blushing, attended sometime with derangement or mind,
were cured immediately.
-
TAME P4ZTICS7LAS NOTICE.
Dr. J. addresses all those who have injured themselves
by improper Indulgence and solitary habits, which ruin
both hod; sad mind, mantling them for either Madness,
study, society or marriage.
THEBR are some of the sad and melancholy effects pro•
duced by .early habits of youth, viz: Weakness of the
Back Rod Limbs, Pains in the Bead, Dimness of Bight,
Lose of liduscalar Power, Palpitation of the Heart, Dys
pepsia. Nervous Irritability, Derangement of the Digestive
Functions, General Debility,9ywptolAaotGenenniplien,&n.
Issamm.tv.—The feared effects on the mind are much to
be dreaded—Loss of Memory, Confusion of Ideas, Impres
sions of Spirits, Evil Forbodings, Aversion to Society, Self-
Distrust, Love of Solitude, Timidity, Ac., ate some of the
evils produced.
Tnocsasns of persons of all ages can now judge what
la the Mae of their deelisieg bean, / 02 4 their vigor,
becoming Weak, pale, nervous and emaciated, having a
singular appearance shunt the eyes, cough and symptoms
or consumption.
YOUNG DEN
Who have injured themselves by a certain practice indul
ged in when alone, a habit frequently learned from evil
companions, or at wheel, the effecte of which are nightly
felt, eves when asleep, and if not cured renders marriage
impossible, and destroys both mind and body, should ap
ply immediately.
What a pity that a young man, the hope of his country,
the darling of hie parents, should be snatched from all
prospects and enjoy/nettle of life, by the eonsequence of
deviating from the path of nattursennd indulging in a cer
tain sestet habit. Such persons litUnT, before contemplat:
ing
PELATZLIACIII.
sli=x&wgii&alLgJai;4:!4im&lliimigaiwAti
roootsttos to promote connubial blindness. Indeed, with
out these the journey through life becomes a weary pil
grimage; the prospect bounty darkens to the view; the
mind becomes shadowed with despair and filled with the
melaneboly reflection that the happiness of another be-
COMM blighted wills our own.
sozalaass: or zzaraumarirazi.
When the misguided and ;imprudent votary of pleasure
finds that be has imbibed the seeds of this painful dlrease,
it too often happens that an ill-timed sense of shame, or
rimed of discovery, deters him from applying to those who,
from education and respectability, can alone befriend him,
delaying till the constitutional symptoms of this horrid
dialase make their appearance, ouch ac Vieerated sore
throat, diseased nose, nocturnal pains in the bead and
limbo, dimness of eight, deafness, nodes on the shin-bones
and arms, blotches on the head, face and extremities, pro.
greasing with frightful rapidity, till at last the palate of
she month or the bones of the nose fall is, and the victim
of this awful disease becomes a horrid object of commie
eration,till death pate a period to hie dreadful sufferings,
by sending him to "that Undiecovered Country from
whence no traveller returns.'.'
It is a melancholy fact that thousands fall victims to
this terrible disease, owing to the unskillfulness of ignore
ant pretendere, who, by the use of that :Deadly Poison,
Museum, rain the tionstitiltlail and make the 1144 4 9 9
life miserable.
EITA.ANOZIRS
Trust not your lives, or health, to the care of annoy Un
learned and worthless Pretenders, destitute of knowledge,
name or character, who copy Dr. Johecton's advertise
meats, or style tbemeelses, is the Wilrepapers, regularly
[march 12
Educated Physicians, incapable of Curing, they keep you
trilling month after mouth taking their filthy and poison
ous compounds, or as long as the emallest fee can be ob
tained, and in despair. leave you with reined health to
sigh over your own galling disappointment.
br. Johnston in the only Physician advertising.
Ills credentials or diplomas always hang to hie aka.
Hie remedtee or treatment are unknown to all others,
prepared from a life spent in the great hospitale of Europe,
the first In the country and a more extensive Prelude
Practice than any other Physician in the world.
INISORSZLIKETIPL I OP TECO
211331313.
The Amur thonsands cured at this instlintlon year after
year, and the numerous important Surgical Operations
performed by Dr. Johnston. witnessed by the reporters of
the " San," "Clipper," and many other papers, notices of
which hove appeared again and again before the public,
beeldos his standing as a gentleman of character and re
sponalbllity, is e 0114110411; guarantee to the afflicted.
Skin Diseases speedily Cured.
Air do letters received animas pmd-paid and containing
a stamp to be need on the reply. Persons writing should
Mats age, and send portion of advertleement describing
symptoms.
JOHN CC. 30311.115T0N 1 Dr, D., s
Of the Baltimore Lott Hospital, Baltimore, Marylana.
May 23—ly
Commercial Broker.
riiHE UNDERSIGNED HAVING - TAKEN
1
out a 'License ae a commneuL IMORKR, is pro.
wed to negotiate for the purchase and sale of
REAL ESTATE,
COIF,
BONDS.
110R2G.A.GES.
and other Securities, Goods In unbroken Packages, Collec
tion of Bents, and any other business of a Commission
Broker or Agent.
*a - Parties haying business to do In Me lissom request
ed to give him a call.
JACOB C. scum:cos,
OPPICR in Cant atrnet, neat door above Alderman
Sclneuer. lyeb 2E4
FRENCH'S HOTEL.
ON Til'M nuaorzuusr rzLazi,
CITY OP NEW YORK.
Single Rooms Fifty Cents per Day
City Bell square, corner Frankfort St.,
(OPPOSITE CITY HAW)
BALE AS TREY MAY BE ORDERED IN
the spactons refectory. There Is a Barber's Shop and
ath R04)1714 attached to the Hotel.
.I Beware of RUNNERS and HAMM who say we
are full.
Jeu 17-Iyl
NATIONAL HOTEL,
(LATE WHITE SWAN.)
Race Street, above Third, Philadelphia.
ESTABLISHMENT OFFERS OBNAT
inducements, not only on acconnt of reduced ratite of
board. bat from Its central tomato:ln to the avenues of trade,
as well as the conveniences afforded by the several
Passenger Railways inuning past and contiguous to It, by
which guests can page to and from the Hotel, shonhl.they
be Preferred to the regular Omnibus connected with-obe
Home. lam determined to devote my whole attention to
the comfort rod conveutenee of my guests.
Sir Terme, $1 25 per day.
D C. BIEGRIST, Proprietor,
Formerly from Eagle Hotel, Lebanon, l's.
T. V. Raoatilhelerb. [march 16-tf
FRESH GROCERIES,
—AT—
REDUCED PRICES.
,A.T THE
Corner of Fifth and Spruce Streets.
Mara / M. EMU& a EON,
rzEn
R. FRENCH, Proprietor.
~a¢~~~.
MARY'S EPITAPH.
The handful here, that once wee Mary's earth,
Held, while it breathed, KO beautiful a soul,
That, when ebe died, all recognized her birth,
And bad their sorrow in serene control.
" Not bore t not here !" to every mourner's heart
The wintry wind seemed whispering nonnd her bier
And when the tomb-door opened, with a start
We heard it echoed from within,—" Not here r"
Shoeblot thou, aid pilgrim, who =wet bidet- . pass,
Note in them Bowen a delicate, hue.
Should spring come earlier to this hallowed gran,
Or the bee later linger on the dew,
Know that her eptrlt to her body loot
Such ea netnank peek as only goodness can,
That even ber dust, and thlshor monument,
Have yet a spell to stay one lonely man,—
Lonely throngb life, but looking for the day
Whoa what to mortal of blineelf bail sloop,
When human pennon *ball have painied away,
and Love no longer be a thing to weep.
—Atlantic Monthly.
WHAT ARE THE STARS P
[FROM THE GERMAN—FOR THE Boston Pod.]
Are they white lambs, those shire on high,
That, When tit ilsy.stitr sinks In night !
Still feed in pastures of the sky,
And to young shepherds lend their light?
Or silver lit tie, are they, there.
With trweeteost petele Elea spread,
Thel, when we merle% rest from care.
Their fragrance o'er the weary shed ?
Or consecrated candles, tall,
That on Ood's altars Woe so bright,
The darkness otour coratir ban
To dlsalpate with softest light?
Ah, no! they are the letters fair,
With which good angels, clothed to white,
Sweet hymns of love for ILO prepare,
Awl in heaven's book of record write.
Gabs anti Siffcrios.
MARRIAGE SUPERSTITIONS AND
CUSTOMS.
Jane was the month which the Romans CODA.
tiered the most propitious season of the year for
contracting matrimonial engagements, especially
if the day chosen were that of the full moon or
the conjunction of the nun and moon ; the month
of May was especially to be avoided, as under
the influence of spirits adverse to happy house
holds. All these pagan superstitions were re
tained in the Middle Agee, with many Others
which belonged more particularly to the spirit
of Christianity; people then had recourse to all
kinds of divination, love philters, magical invo-
nations, prayers, fatitiuge, and other follies,which
were modified according to the country and the
individual. A girl had only to agitate the water
in a bucket of spring-water with her hand, or to
throw broken eggs over another person's head.
if she wished to see the iniage of the man she
should marry. A union could never be hafpy,
if the bridal party, in going to church, met a
monk, a priest, a hare, a dog, cat, lizard, or
serpent; while all would go well if it were a
wolf, a spider, or a toad. Nor was it an unim
portant matter to choose the wedding day oars
folly ; the feast of Saint Joseph was especially
to be avoided, and it is supposed that as the day
fell in mid Lent, it was the reason why all the
councils and synods of the Church forbade mar
riage during that season of fasting; indeed, all
penitential days and, vigils throughbut the year
were considered unsuitable for these joyous
ceremonies. The Church blamed those husbands
who married early in the morning, in dirty or
negligent attire, reserving their better dresses
for balls and feasts; and the clergy were for
bidden to celebrate the rites after sunset, because
the crowd often Carried the party by main fovea
to the ale-house, or beat them and hindered their
departure from the church until they bad paid a
ransom. The people always manifested a strong
aversion for badly assorted marriages. In such
cases, the procession would be accompanied to
the altar in the midst of a frightful concert of
bells, sauce-pans and frying-pans, or this tumult
wee reserved for the night, when the happy
couple were settled in their own house. The
Church tried in vain to defend widowers and
widows who chose to enter the nuptial bonds a
second time a synodal order of the Arch , bishop
of Lyons, in 1077, thus describes the conduct it
excommunicated: " Marching in masks, throw
ing poisons, horrible and dangerous liquids be
fore the door, sounding tamborines, doing all
kinds of dirty things they can think of, until
they havetlrawn from the husband large sums
of money by force."
A considerable sum of money was anciently
put into a parse or plate, and presented by the
bridegroom to the bride on the wedding-night,
as a sort of purchase of her person ; a custom
common to the Greeks RS yell as the Romans,
and which seems to have prevailed among the
Jews and many Eastern nations. It was changed
in the middle ages, and in the north of Europe,
for the morgengabe, or morning present; the
bride laving the privilege, the morning after the
wedding-day, of asking for any sum of money
or any estate that she pleased, and which could
not in honor be refused by her husband. The
demand at times became really serioue, if the
wife were of an avaricious temper. Something
of the same kind prevailed in England under
the name of the Dow Parse. A trace of this is
still kept up in Cumberland, where the bride
groom provides himself with gold and crown
pieces, and, when the eervioe reaches the point,
With all my worldly goods I thee endow," be
takes up the money, hands the clergyman his
fee, and pours the rest into a handkerchief,
which is held by the bridesmaid for the bride.
When Clovis was married to the Princess Clotilde,
he offered, by his proxy, a eou and a denier,
which became the marriage offering by law in
France; and to this day pieces of money are
given to the bride, varying only in Value Mord
log to the rank of the parties.
How the ring came to be used it not well as
certained, as in former days it did not occupy
its present pominent position, but was given with
other presents to mark the completion of a con
tract. Its form is intended as a symbol of eter
nity, and of the intention of both parties to keep
for ever the solemn eovenant into which they
have entered before God, and of which it is a
pledge. When the persons were betrothed as
children, among the Anglo-Saxons, the bride
groan gave a pledge, or ql wed " (a term from
whioh we derive the word wedding); part of
SATURDAY MORNtNG, AUGUST 15, 1863.
this wed consisted of a ring, which was placed
ea the maiden's right hand ; and there religiously
kept until transferred to the other hand at the
second ceremony. Our marriage service is very
nearly the same as that used by our forefathers,
a few obsolete words only being changed. The
bride W 613 Laken "for fairer, for fouler, for bet
ter, for worse," and promised , t Lo be buxom and
bonny " to her future husband. The bridegroom
put the ring on each of the bride's leftband lin
gers in turn, saying at the first, " in the name of
the Father," at the second, in the name of the
eon," at the third, in the name of the Holy
Ghost," and at the fourth, "Amen." Tho father
presented his son-in-law with one of his daugh
ter's shoes, as a token of the transfer of autho
rity, and the bride was made to feel the change
by a bloor i 'o4 the head, given with the shoe. The
husband was bound by oath to use his wife well,
in failure of which she might leave him; yet as
Poinekif . fieifor h "1 , 19 ntioived " to bestow on
his wife and apprentices moderate castigation."
An old Welsh law tells us that three blows with
a broomstick, on any part of the person ex
cept the head, /9 a fair allowance ;41, and another
provides that the stick be not longer than the
husband's arm, nor thicker than his middle
finger.
An English !gilding, in the time of good
Queen Bess, was a joyous public festival ; among
the higher ranks,,,the bridegroom presented the
company with. scarfs, gloves, and garters of the
favorite colors of the wedding pair and the
ceremony wound up with banquetings, masque!,
pageants, and epithalsmiums. A gay procession
formed a part of the humbler .marriages ; the
bride was led to church between two boys wear
ing bride-laces and rosemary tied about their
silken sleeves, and before her was carried a sil
ver cup filled with wine, in which was a large
branch of gilded rosemary, hung about with eilk
ribbons of all colors. Next came the musicians,
and then the bridesmaids, some bearing great
brideoakee, others garlatrds of gilded wheat;
thus they marched to church amidst the shouts
and benedictions of the spectators.
The penny weddings, at which each of the
guests gave a contribution for the feast, were re-
probated by the straiter-laved sort as leading to
disorders and licentiousness ; but it was found
impossible to suppress them. All that could be
done was to place restrictions upon the amount
allelyed le be given; iu Scotland five shillings
was the limit..
The customs of marrying and giving in mar—
riage in Sweden, in former years, were of a
somewhat barbarous character; it was beneath
he dignity of a Scandinavian warrior to coati,
lady's favor by gallantry and submission—he
waited until she bad bestowed her af f ections on
another, and was on her way to the marriage
ceremony, when, collecting hie faithful followers,
who were always ready for the tight, they fell
upon the wedding corage, and the stronger car—
ried away the bride. It was much in favor of
this practice that marriages were always cele
brated at night. A pile of lances is still pre
served behind the altar of the ancient church of
ilusaby, in Gothland, into which were fitted tor
ches, and which were borne before the bride
groom for the double purpose of giving light and
protection. It was the province of the grooms
men, or, as they were named, " best men," to
carry these; and the strongest and stoniest of
the bridegroom's friends were chosen for this
duty. Three or four days before the marriage,
the ceremony of the bride's bath took place, when
the lady went in great state to the bath, ite
companied by all her friends, married and sin
gle ; the day closing with a banquet and ball.
On the marriage-day the young couple sat on
a raised platform, under a canopy of silk, all
the wedding presents being arranged on a bench
covered with silk, and consisting of plate, jewels,
and money. To this day the bridegroom has a
great fear of the trolls and sprites which still
inhabit Sweden; and, as an antidote against
their power, he sews info his clothes various
Strong smelling herbs, such as garlick, chives,
and rosemary. The young women always carry
bouquets of these in their hands to the feast,
whilst they deck themselves out with loads of
jewelry, gold bells, and greiota as large as small
apples, with chains, belts, and stomachers. No
bridegroom could be induced on that day to
stand near a closed gate, or where cross roads
meet; he says he takes these precautions "against
envy and malice." On the other hand, if the
bride be prudent, she will take care when at the
altar to put her right foot before that of the
bridegroom, for then she will get the better of
her husband during her married life; she will
also be studious to get the first sight of him be
fore he can see her, because that will serve her
influence over him. It is customary to fill the
britiv'e pocket with bread, whioh she gives to the
poor she meets on her road to the church, a Mill.
fortune being averted with every alms bestowed ;
but the beggar will not eat it, as he thereby
brings wretchedness on himself. On their re.
turn from church, the bride and bridegroom must
visit their cowhouses and stables, that the cattle
may thrive and multiply.
In Norway, the marriages of the bonder or
peasantry are conducted with very gay ceremo
nies, and in eaoh parish there is a set of orna
ments for the temporary use of the bride, in
cluding a showy ooronal and girdle ; so that the
poorest woman in the land has the gratification
of appearing for one day in her life in a guise
which she probably thinks equal to that of a
queen. The museum of national antiquities at
Copenhagen contains a number of such sets of
bridal decorations which were formerly used in
Remark. In the International Exhibition at
London, in 1862, the Norwegian court showed
the model of a peasant couple, as dressed and
decorated for their wedding; and every beholder
must have been arrested by its homely splendors.
In pagan days, when Rolf married King Erik's
daughter, the king and queen sat throned in
state, whilst courtiers passed in front, offering
gifts of oxen, cows, swine, sheep, sucking pigs,
geese, and even cats. A shield, sword, and axe
were among the bride's wedding outfit, that she
might, if necessary, defend herself from her
husband's blows.
In the vast steppes of southeastern Russia, on
the shores of the Caspian and Black Bea, mar
riage ceremonies recall the patriarchal customs
of the earliest stages of society, The evening
before the day when the affianced bride is given
to her husband, she pays visits to her master and
the inhabitants of the village, in the simple dress
o f a peasan t, omeleting of a red Cloth jacket,
descending as low als the knees, a very short
white petticoat, fastened at the waist with a red
woollen
0 0 . 0t , l r f h f e ,
le b g e s r . a w lT h
i h e i h d a i r e
w a n ay embroideredabove
schemis
the ankle, are sometimes protected by red or
yellow morocco boots. The girls of the village
who accompany her are, on the contrary, attired
in their best, recalling the old paintings of By
zantine art, where the Virgin is adorned with
coronal. They know how to arrange with great
art the leaves and scarlet berries of various
kinds of trees in their hair, the tresses of which
are plaited as a mown, or hang down on the
shoulders. A necklace of pearls or coral is
wound at least a dozen times round the neck, on
which they hang religious medals, with enamel
paintings imitating mosaic. At each house the
betrothed throws herself on her knees before the
head of it, and kl9§4§ his feet se she begs his
pardon; the fair penitent is immediately raised
and kissed, receiving some small roll of bread,
of a symbolic form. On her return home all
her beautiful hair Is out off, as henceforth she
must wear the platoke, or turban, a woollen or
linen shawl which is rolled round the head—the
only distinction between the married and un
married. It is invariably presented by the hus
band, as the Indian shawl among ourselves;
which, however, we have withdrawn from its
original destination, which ought only to be a
head-dress. The despoiled bride expresses her
regrets with touching grace, in one of their sim
ple songs : "Ob, my curls, my fair golden hair !
Not for one only, not for two pearl only, have
arranged you--every Saturday you were bathed,
every Sunday you were ornamented, and to-day,
in a single hour, I must lose you !" The old
woman whose duty it is to roll the turban round
the brow, wishing her happiness, says: "I cover
your head with the plaloke, my sister, and I wish
you health and happiness. Be pure as water
e,ed fruitful as the earth." When the marriage
is over the husband takes his wife to the inhabi
tants of the village, and shows them the change
of dress effected the night before.
Among the various tribes of Asia none are so
rich or well dressed as the Armenians; to them
belongs chiefly the merchandise of precious
stones, which they export to Constantinople.
The Armenian girl, whose marriage is to be de-
scribed, had delicaie flowers of celestial blue
painted all over her breast and neck, her eye
brows were dyed black, and the tips of her fin
gers and nails of a bright orange. She wore on
each hand valuable rings set with precious stones,
and round her neck a string of very fine tur
quoises; her shirt was of the finest spun silk,
her jacket and trousers of cashmere, of a bright
color. The priest and his denten arrived; the
latter bringing a bag containing the sacerdotal
garments, in which the priest arrayed himself,
placing a mitre ornamented with precious stones
upon his head, and a collar of metal, en which
the twelve Apostles were represented in bas re
lief, round his neck. lie began by blessing a,
sort of temporary altar in the middle of the
room ; the mother of the bride took her by the
hand, and, leading her forward, she bowed et
the feet of her future husband, to show that she
acknowledged him as lord and master. The
priest, placing thole heeds in each other, pro
nounced a prayer, and then drew their heads
together until they touched three times, while
with his right hand he made a motion as if
blessing them; a second time their kande were
joined, and the bridegroom was asked, " Will
you be her husband ?" "I will," he answered,
raising at the same time the veil of the bride, in
token that she was now his, and letting it fall
again. The priest thou took two wreaths of
flowers, ornamented with a quantity of hanging
gold threads, from the hands of the deacon, put
them on the heads of the married couple, chang
ed them three times from one head to the other,
repeating each time, " I unite you, at tend
you one to another—live in peace." Such are
the customs in the very land where man was first
created; and, among nations who change so
little as those in the East, we may fairly believe
them to be among the most ancient.—Chambers.
NOT A TRUE FRIEND.
Mr. llaley moved into a small village not long
ago. He is a gentleman of prepossessing ap
pearance, of rare intelligence, as the slight inter
course he has already had with the people of the
village has shown. He was, on his arrival, a
stranger to all in the village except one—Mr.
Pitkin. This gentleman and Mr. Haley had been
schoolmates, as he said, and a firm friendship
bad existed between them since their school days.
Though they had been separated, a correspond—
ence had been kept up between them, and they
had occasionally met. Mr. Haley had decided
now to settle in L—, because it was Mr. Pit
kin's place of residence, for the pleasure he
thought a renewal of their former friendship
would afford.
Some weeks after Mr. Haley had become eet
Had, Mr. Plikin happened in one evening, where
several of the village people were collected at a
neighbor's. In the course of conversation, some
one mentioned Mr. Haley, the new comer; for,
in a little village everybody knows everybody
and all about everybody's business, and—some
times a little more. Some one expressed warm
commendation of him as to his pleasing manners
and intelligence, and thought they were very
fortunate in having gained such a neighbor.
Some of the young ladies praised his fine looks,
and thought he would be such an acquisition to
picnics and sleigh rides.
Mr. Pitkin assented to all these praises ; said
he was a man of remarkable intelligence, a man
of pleasing manners—when he chose to be !
He is a friend of yours—an intimate, libe-
lieve," some one said addressing Mr. Pitkin.
"Oh yes," he assented, "we have been like
brothers from boyhood. I know him well. Ile
is a fine man, an estimable man, an agreeable
man, but for one thing—though I have no trou
ble with him myself on that score—l know how
to manage him. You can never feel any freedom
in conversation with him on account of one in-:
fi rmity."
" What is it ?" from two or three young ladies,
in surprise and curiosity.
"Do tell I" from one or two older ones, which
expression was not so much an entreaty to relate
as it might seem, taken literally, but an excla
mation of astonishment.
" Well," said Mr. Pitkin, with apparent re
luotance, " the infirmity to which I allude is one
of temper. He is so irascible, so much under
the influence of his temper, that with those with
Them be Is at all familiar, Intercourse with him
[VOL. XXIV-NO. 17.-WHOLE NO. 1981.
is rather a risky piece of business; at least, with
those with whom he is familiar. You have to
handle him as carefully as you would loaded
fire-arms—be as cautious of causes of offence as
you would of sparks in a powder magazine, for
he will sometimes fire up unexpectedly, upon
the slightest opposition."
"Do tell!" the old ladies ejaculated again;
Some of the younger ones—" What a pity
wouldn't have thought it."
"'Tie true, 'tie pity—pity true," sighed
Mr. Pitkin—" Anger is madness with my friend,
for under its influence he will say and do things
which he would not in a sober state of mind, and
for which he is sorry when the fit is off, noble
and generous man that he is at heart ; but he
has estranged his best friends by this in
firmity, which grows out of a strong loco of ap
probation. He cannot bear the slightest shade
of disapproval ; in a word, vanity: is at the bot—
tom of the matter—a very harmless thing, gen
erally, except when it becomes so inordinate, as
in his ease."
"Mr. Pitkin says he is a true friend of Haley,"
said Jane Ashly, after he had gone—" I must,
say, his ideas of friendship fall far below my
standard."
" Yours," said her cousin, James Allen, "is
no doubt drawn from some die away novel, whets
a friend wants to run into all sorts of unneces
sexy scrapes, and perhaps strangle himself to
prove the undying fervor of his friendship."
"No, my notions of friendship are founded
upon common principles of justice and the golden
rule—. do to others,' &c."
Let us try them by these. You will admit that
a friend should have mime ears for the happi ,
nese, success in life, and reputation of him for
whom he professes friendship. If he does not
further them in these, he should at least throw
no obstacles in the way of his attaining them-
Th2s best friend let bis neighbors into the secret
that Mr. Haley is a very passionate man; that
he had, by not being able to restrain his pas
sions, estranged his best friends. This was news
to them, and lowered him in their estimation.
Why not have waited and let them find it out?
It would have seemed much more like true
friendship.
lie also gave them a hint where to look for
foibles and weaknesses, that might possibly have
escaped observation for a long time; perhaps
they might never have been discovered.
A friend should conceal the weakness of a
friend, or at least not expose them. What would
you think of a friend who should tell a burglar
where to find au unguarded door or window in a
friend's house which he might enter, and take
his purse? (I won't repeat the quotation, "Whe
steals my purse steals trash") yet probably had
Mr. Haley been consulted in the matter, and
could have bad his choice, he would much have
preferred that this very questionable friend of
his should have told a thief where to find his
purse, rather than that he should instruct stran
gers where to look for his foibles.
Having it blazoned abroad that he is a pas
sionate man, will make people treat him with
less forbearance, instead of more, as might seem
likely. There is something irritating, too, to a
passionate person, in the consciousness people
betray of knowing it. It makes it more difficult
for him to preserve his equanimity. Who knows,
but, coming here among strangers, where no one
knew his weakneeseas and this particular in
firmity, he might have eradicated them? It
woold have been much easier to do so, than in a
place where he had always manifested them.
It is not only true, that if people could some
times hear what their best friends say of them
behind their backs, they would regard them as
their worst enemies, but that they often in re
ality become so by want of thought with regard
to this matter. They do not intend injury, but
do not look upon this matter in its true light,
and calculate rightly the amount of injury they
may inflict.
FORTUNE-TELLING.
It is strange bow people cling to the absurd -
old superstition of fortune telling, even in this
enlightened age. There is not a village through
out the Union in which you may not find some
withered old crone who has a greasy pack of
cards and a dirty tea-cup, from which she bo
ttoms fortunes of all kinds in proportion to her
fee. For sixpence any farmer's daughter may
have " a real nice young man—one that'll set a
deal by you. Here he is ; you're the queen o'
hearts, you know, bekase you're light-complect
ed, and he's the Jack o' spades bekase he's dark.
He's next you, standin' onto hie bead, he's in
sick a hurry." For a shilling " a smart young
city chap " may be purchased, and, at the rate
of twenty five cents, "I shouldn't wonder of
you'd hev a minister," the ultimatum of village
hopes and wishes. The queerest part of the
thing is that people believe in the old lady's
powers implicitly. You will be told in confidence
that she told Mary Jane She'd be married not a
week before she met John, and that she predict
ed Squire Brown's folks would have trouble be
fore the barn was burnt. Even old house
keepers, whose thoughts have long been turned
from beaux and weddings, will seek the village
witch after dark, to discover where the spoons
have gone, or who took the cedar pail off the book
porch. When the Sybil declares " they was hook
ed by a young man, and he's hid 'em why's you'll
never find none of 'em not of you look till dooms
day," they receive her words as those of an
oracle, especially as the spoons are never found,
and the cedar pail remains non mt. To know
their future destiny appears to be a very desir
able thing in most people's eyes, and not only
ignorant people, bat those of education and re
finement appear to have an idea that a mirror in
which coming events might be seen would be a
more valuable discovery than the philosopher's
stone. Why they should think so, Heaven
knows. Life is full of misery, and must end in
• death. I would not lift the curtain, were it in
my power, for all the wealth the world could
give me. We can bear our sorrows as they steal
upon us from the dark but could we watch their
eoming and know the hour of their arrival, the
mere anticipation would drive us mad.
ger jr meatuses COOL }moon and great self—
possession not to repel an insult by another
insult—it is only the chaste silver moon that
is unmoved when the dogs bark at her. Wisdom
declares, " better is he that ruleth his own spirit,
than he that taketb. a oily!'
FREE SUFFRAGE AliD FREE SPEECH.
Archbishop Hughes, in a brief address to the
post-graduate class of St. John's College, Ford
ham, N. F., recently, took occasion to say a
word in behalf of the freedom of suffrage and
freedom of speech, and further, drew a marked
distinction between an °Administration" and a
° Government" We make this extract:—
Another point is, that no matter what may be
the form of government, its chief authority is
always brought to unity. Here we Bay it is the
people that govern. It is not so. The people
know that they are too many to govern ; that
the administration of government among such a
multitude would be absurd, and none would sub
mit to the other. And they reduce their powers,
whatever they may be, to unity. In monarchial
and imperial governments unity is hereditary ;
here it is not. Hero it is the choice of the peo
ple. In Greece everybody voted in the govern
ment, and Rivas a kind of popular government,
ounplete. Here that is impossible; and the
multitude send deputies to make their laws, and
one deputy to administer them, according to the
form agreed upon by the nation. They have,
however, two privileges—both constitutional.
A government is one thing Mat is a principle, and
that must ever Le sustained. Now, those who actmin
'icier a government are quite another thing. I have
seen many administrations of this government.
One of the constitutional privileges to which I
refer—that the Constitution itself makes pro
vision for, for a safety-valve -for this numerous)
people is, Mat every four years it is perfectly Con
stitutional to make a revolution—calmly, quietly—
by the votes of Me people. That is one constitu
tional privilege. The other is inherent in the
nature of the people and of the government—
that is the right o/ grumbling. (Laughter.) If you
elect a man to administer the government, in less
than eighteen months you are very sorry for what
you hare done, and you have a right to grumble,
and there will be only three years more to wait
when you can make a revolution, when you can
throw aside the set that have been in power, and
try to get a better set in their place the next
time. That has been the rule. I have seenPa
great majority of our Presidente elected, and t
never knew an exception to that rule. There—
fore it is that there is no country in the world
that can fairly be compared to the American
Republic under the American Constitution. It
N just for this reason. Not that Englishmen
don't claim the right of grumbling, too, but they
have not the remedy every four years. They
cannot change their rulers. Here it is a privi-
lege and a constitutional right. Even though
you voted for the incumbent for the highest of—
fice, you.can grumble. But, further than that,
you must wait until his time is out and then get
another and a better man in his place. That is
the remedy. As to republics, I have to remark that
this is not the first in the history of the human
race. Italy abounded with flourishing republics
—small, if you please, in territorial limits, When
Venice rose up out of the Adriatic, with her hair
dripping, a beautiful city, surviving much long
er than this country has done yet, prosperous,
commanding trade to the east and to the west, to
a great extent she was a republic, but unlike
ours. There was no safety-valve. Not to over
look small things, there is the little republic of
San Marino, and that furnishes the only instance
in which supreme power was never brought to
the unity of one head, for they are so jealous of
their liberties that they have two Presidents—
one to watch the other. (Laughter.) That little
republic in the Appenines under the protection
of the Popes has existed for nearly three hundred
years, keeping the lamp of liberty bright, in or
der that A0.(19/113 desiring to imitate her example
may light their tapers at her light, and bring
their people to freedom, and to the jealousy and
protection of liberty, wherever that quality is
essential and the people suited fur it, The whole
territory is not very large, nine miles long and
four and a-half wide, still they won't trust one
man alone in power. They are both farmers and
both Presidents. We talk of our standing armies;
they have their standing army, and always have
had, numbering fifty-eix men. (Laughter).
NEW JERSEY AND PENNSYLVANIA.
By the recent proclamation of Governor PAR•
xsa, of New Jersey, it appears that wo draft
has been ordered" in that State. The number
required to exempt the State from the operation
of the Conscription act is 8,183 men, and thirty
days from the issuing of the Governor's procla
mation are given to raise them by volunteering.
At the expiration of that period, if the full num
ber is obtained, there will be no draft ; but if
the quota is not made up, there will be a draft
to make good the deficiency. Why was not the
same privilege granted to Pennsylvania? No
doubt a large number of volunteers could have
been secured, had proper measures been taken
by the Governor of the Commonwealth. It
would have been an easy matter for him to have
had the draft postponed, at least until every
effort had been made to obviate its necessity.
But he seems to have been entirely unable to
protect the citizens of Pennsylvania; and through
his criminal neglect or imbecility, thousands
who looked to him for support will be torn from
their homes and forced unwillingly into the
army. The necessity of " poeponing " the. Gov
ernor la becomihg more and mere apparent ovary
day.—The Age.
THE REBELS IN CHAMBERSBURG.
Major Tod, Mrs. Lincoln's brother, was one of
the officers of the rebel army, in its late raid
upon Chambersburg, and appears to have made
the acquaintance of almost every merchant and
shop-keeper in the city. The rebels made a de—
mand upon the town for subsistence estimated to
amount in value to between $BOO,OOO and $400,-
000, which was refused, after which, the Chem.
bersburg Valley t Spirit says:
" Guards were sent to all the stores, the mili
tary authorities took- p - ion of such gro
ceries, hardware, dour, drugs? soaps, 3 / a , as the,
*anted them. And then the merchant. were
directed to keep their stores open and sell to
' those who wished to buy for confederate scrip,
on pain of having their doors burst open and
their goods taken without any remuueratiou,
8. 8. Shryook sold books and stationery to the
amo unt of $B,OOO in rebel paper. The Messrs.
Eyster sold goods and groceries to the amount
of $&,000, and a number of others to the amount
of $B,OOO and $3,000. There was not • store of
any prominence that did not suffer heavily.
Those who did not open at the Ant demand were
compelled to see their doors broken in. The
officer who seemed to have partionineeharge of
this delightful pleas of work was Major Tod,