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PUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE CITY OF READING, BERKS COUNTY, PA.---TERMS: $1,50 A YEAR IN ADVANCE.
j. LAWRENCE GETZ, EDITOR.]
DYWAsUED EVERY SATURDAY NORRING
y.oth-Brest LIWHET of Penn and Fifth aired, nit-
Pawners' Baia of Reading.
TEIMS OF AttBSCRIPTION.
41. 4 1 a ,t 7nntr, payable in adocence.
- 1.00 ler siv utonins, in advance.
.17 Fens coldne for Sri, in advance.
Ten Copies ter 6 .
at the eaptrattml the
KATES OF ADVERTISING IN THE GAZETTE.
lt. St. lino. 3mo. Buio. ly
A1N.0% ANO. ,e.ll
7'.eure, 6lines, or less, 60 50 75 2,011 3,00 0,00
- 10 " 50 1,00 1,25 3,00 5,00 8,00
1,00 2,00 2,00 0,00 8,00 10,00
yp " 1,40 3,00 3,75 7,50 12,00 51,00
[Larger Advertisements in proportion.]
and Administrators' Notlees, 6 insertions $2.00
Notices and Legal Notices, 8 1,50
trial Notices, as reading matter, ID eta a Due for one
a.
. — ... , 3lnrriage notices 25 cents each. Deaths will be
,- All obituary Notices, Reiiolntleoe of Beneficial and
jvale meoeiationa will be charged for, as adver
t. . ts• 31 the above rates.
tovecti,cmoute for Religions. Charitable and Edo
,-,! ~, osl objects, one-half the above rates.
air all advertising will be considered payable in mob,
the first insertion.
1,-311v advertisers shall have the privilege (if desired)
of their advertisements eoexif three tOeekS—but
Any additional renewals, or advertising ex
the amount contracted for, Will be charged extra
A es, hod the rates above specified tot transient adver-
3dvertisors will be charged the same rates as
adcernsers for all matters not relating aridly
; • ;:•a• misses.
PRINTINO OF EVERT DESCRIPTION
Frr•-est , J is a allpelliar EitIELISP, At rho oil , lowest prices.
o,ortmest of Jos TYPE is lain and fashionable 3 and
...wr Rork speaks for itself.
BLANKS OF ALL KINDS,
• • • • - -
12.0.110 g PARCHMENT EINI PAPER DEEDS, MORTOACIES,
ARTIISAS OP AORERIIENT, LEASE% SRA a variety or
Ittette, kept eouttontly for SOW, or rioted to
DANIEL E. SCHROEDER,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
tAFFICE WITH J. lIAGENISAN, PENN ST.,
above sixth, Heading, Pa. Pane 6-3 m
C. A. Leopold,
A TTORNEY AT LAW_—OFFICR IN COURT
A
street, forg door below Sixth, Rodin, P.
31,123, 1563-ly
RICHMOND L. JONES,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
jIFFIOE WITH J. GLANCY JONES, ESQ.,
EaztPeou Square, south side, Reading - .
April IS, 113173-I;me
JESSE G. HAWLEY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
11 AS REMOVED HIS OFFICE TO NORTH
II Sixth Street, opposite the Keystone Rouse, Reading.
April 11, 1:36:1-tf
ZOUN RALSTON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
UrFFICE WITH A. B. WANNER, NORTH
Sixth Street. (above the Court Rouse,) Reading, Pa.
February 21,1563-1 y
REMOVAL.
WILLIAM H. LIVINGOOD, ATTORNEY AT
LAW, ha removed hio °Mee to the north side of
Cant street first door below Sixth. Pee 22-if
Charles Davis,
ATTURNET AT LAW—HAS REMOVED HIS
oftlea to the Office lately occupied by the lion David
rden, deceaesd, in Sixth street, opposite the Court
[ftpril 14
Daniel Ernmtront,
A TTORNEY AT LAW—OFFICE IN NORTH
slath etroet. corner of Court alley. Lang 13-ly
David Neff,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN
Foreign and Domestic DRY GOODS, No. 25 East
P.lla street, Heading, Pa. [March 10,1860.
LIVINCOOD'S
United States Bounty, Back Pay and
Pension Office,
COURT STREET, NEAR SIXTH.
AVINO BEEN ENGAGED iN COLLECT
ing claims against the ClOvernment, I feel confident
that all who have heretofore employed me will cheerfully
tad.rne my promptness and fidelity. My charges are
muderateuad no charge made - until obtained.
WILLIAM M. LIVI2IOOOD,
on IS-If] Attorney at Law, Court St., Reading, Pa.
DISCHARGED SOLDIERS
(lAN NOW OuTAIN THEIR $lOO BOUNTY
V./ from the U. S. Government, Sy application to
ABNER K. STAUFFER,
March 7-41] Collection Office, Court Street, Reading
ASH M. HART,
(Late Hart de Mayer,)
nEALER IN FOREIGN AND AMERICAN
DRY GOODS, CARPETINOS, &a., Wholesale and Re
d, at rhilsdolphis prlcee. Sign of the Golden Bee Nice,
Ito 14 Fast reen Square. Esprit 17-tf
P. Bushong & Bone,
ir A N UFACTURERS OF BURNING FLUID,
Absulate, Deodorized awl Druggists' Alcohol; also,
ee oil, which they will sell at the lowest Wholesale
prices, at Reading, Fe.
W Orders respectfully mondial,
G. M. MILLER, M. D.,
Eclectic Physician and Surgeon,
AGRADUATE OF THE ECLECTIC MEDl
eei College Philadelphia, offers his professional
BBr
ricus to the citirens of Hamburg and vicinity. Painful
Surgical operation., such as Setting Broken and Dislocated
Limbo, Amputations, Cutting Cancers, Tumors, Ac., will
he performed under the intlneute of Ether, at the consent
or the patient.
ji — r• Unice at his residence In Main sheet, lianiburg, Pa.
Nay 9,1363-t1
DRi T. YARDLEY BROWN,
SURGEON DENTIST.
GRADUATE OF PENNSYLVANIA
Dental College. Teeth extracted by Fran
' aid, a a cis' Electra Magnetic process, with Clarke's
improvement. With this method teeth are
rtracted with much less pain than the MUM way. No
extra charge. Office in MU street, opposite the Preabyte•
ft... Church. [sprit 2-1 y
CHARLES LANCASTER,
MEDICAL ELECTRICIAN,
Fourth Street, above Penn, Reading.
January 24. 1863-tt
PENSIONS,
BOUNTIES & BACK PAY.
A PPLICATIONS PROIVIPTLY ATTENDED
Tome moderate and no charge notil obtained.
A, G. GREEN, Attorney at Law.
Jan .31-6nto] Office in Court Etreat, Reading.
SOLDIERS'
BOIIffiTY•MoNEY, BACE•PAY
AND ZENSION CLAIMS
PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO BY
A. K. STAUFFER,
Attorney at Law, Office in Court Street,
Jan Al-ell BRAIDING, PA_
F. P. HELLER,
WATCHMAKER, JE WELER )
AND DEALER IN
WATCHES, CLOCKS, JEWELRY,
SPOONS, SPECTACLES, GOLD PENS, Rte.,
Bigli Of the " Bifik.WATCH," 53)4 Ea Penn
linnet, above Sixth, north side, Reading, Pa
- Every article warranted to be what it is sold for
Watches, Clock., Jewelry, dce„ repaired with particular
attention, and goarauteed. [feb
FOR SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, 200 WHITE
1 El relate Tea Setts of the newest style.
1 4 OR SALE AT THE OLDJAIL, 500 GRANITE
jl2 Dinner Setts of the newest style.
11F, OR SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, 1000 SETS
Common Tenwsze.
1 4 OR SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, THE LARG
e.t asoosiment of Liverpool Ware over o ff ered In
Reading.
'DHt SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, A LARGE
assortment of Pittsburgh, Boston and French Glass
ware of every description.
VOR SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, THE CHOIC
..O eat variety of Bar and Hotel Olase, China andQnsens.
ware furniture ever offered in Reading.
VOR SALE AT THE OLD JAIL, 60 BARRELS
X! Mackerel at Philadelphia prices.
marob 2g WILLIAM IMAM, Jr.
BALTIMORE LOOK HOSPITAL,
ArrESTABLISHED AS A EMUS FROM QUACKERY.
The Only Place Where a Cure Can be
Obtained.
D. JOHNSTON HAS DISCOVERED THE
most Certain, Speedy and only Effectual Remedy in
the World for all Private Disease., Weakness of the Dark
or Limbs, Strictures, A ilectious of tbe. Kidneys sad Bled
iler, Involuntary Discharges, Impotency, Hewer Debility,
lisrsoussees, Dyspepsia, Languor, Low Spittle, Confu
sion, of Lieu, Palpitation of the Heart, Tiotidfly, Tremb
ling. Dimness of Sight or Giddiness, Disease of the Head,
Throat, Nose or Skip, Affections of the Liver, Lunge,
Stomach or Bowels—those Terrible Disorders coining front
the Solitary Elabits of Youth—those earner nod solitary
practices more fatal to their victims than the song of Byrum
to the Mariners of Ulysses, blighting their most brilliant
hopes or anticipations, rendering marriage, arc., Impossible.
YON BOLEN
Especially, who have become the victims of Solitary Vice,
that dreadful and destructive habit which aunnally sweeps
to an untimely grave Monaande of Young Ken of the meat
exalted talents and brilliant intellect, who Haight other
wise have entranced listening Senates, with the thunders
of eloquence or waked to ecetaay the living lyre, may call
With fall confidence.
MIMMAGn•
Minitel- Persona, or Young men contempiating roar-
Tinge, being aware of phyisicai weakness, organic
deformities speedily cured.
no who places himself under the care of Dr. J. may
religiously contide in big honor as a gentleman, and con
fidently rely upon his skill as a physician.
OILMAN=
Immediately Cured and Full Vigor Restored.
This Distressing Affection—which renders Life and Mar
riage impassible—is the penalty paid by the victims of im
proper beinigeucee. Young persons are too apt to commit
excesses from not being aware of the dreadful rouse
queue.% that may ensue. Now, who that understand the
subject will pretend to deny that the power of procrea
tion is lost sootier by theme falling Into improper habits
than by the prudent ? Besides being deprived of the pleas
ure of healthy offspring. the most serious and destructive
symptoms to both body aud mind arise. The system be
comes Deranged, the Physical and. Mental Functions
Weakened, Loss of Procreative Power, Nervous Irritabil
ity, Dyspepsia, Palpitation of the Heart, Indigestion, Con
stitutional Debility, a wasting of the Frame, Cough, Con•
crimption, Decay and Death.
(Mee, No. 7 South Frederick Street.
Left baud Side going Dom Baltimore street, a few doors
from the corner. Fail not to observe name and number.
Letters most be paid and contain a stamp. The Doctor's
Diploma lump in hie office.
AL CURE
T %Ir O
EULILANIIIIII IN
W DANS. •
No Mercury or Nauseous Drugs.
DR. SONNSTON,
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, London, Grad
uate from one of the moat eminent Colleges in the United
States, and the greater part of whose life has been spent
is the hospitals of London, Perla, Philadelphia and else.
where, has effected seine of the most astonishing cures
that were ever known; many troubled with ringing in
the bead and ears wbeu asleep, great nervousness, being
alarmed at sudden sounds, baibbilness, with frequent
blushing, attended sometime with derangement of mind;
Were cured immediately.
Dr. J. addresses all those who have Injured themselves
by improper indulgence and solitary habits, which ruin
both body and mind, unfitting them tor either business,
goady, society or oaarriage.
Toss& are acme of the sad and melancholy effects pro
duced by early habits of youth, vial Weeklies& Of the
Back and Litelre, Patna In the Head, Dimness of Sight,
Lose of Idascalar Power, Palpitation of the Heart, Dys
pepsia, Nervous Irritability, Derangement of the Digestive
Functions. General Debility,Symptoints of Contrumption,ite
Mitirram.y.—The fearful effects on the mind are much to
be drended—Lose of Memory, Confusion of Ness, Depres
sions of Spirits, Evil Forbodings, Aversion to Society, Self-
D Minot, Love of Solitude, Timidity, &c., are some of the
evils produced.
Tool7sAline of persons of all ages can now judge what
le the calm of their declining health, liming their vigor,
becoming weak, pale, nervous and emaciated, having a
singular appearance about the eyes, cough and symptoms
of consumption.
TO MVO MEN
Who have Injured themselves by a certain practice indul
ged in when alone, a habit frequently learned from evil
companion; or at school, the effects of which are nightly
telt, even wbou asleep, and if not cured readers marriage
Mationslble, and destroys both mind and body, Should ap
ply immediately.
What a pity that a young man, the hope of his country,
the darling of his parents, should be snatched from all
prospects and enjoyments of life, by the consequence of
deviating from the path of nature and 'adulates in a cer
tain secret habit. Such persons near, before contemplat
ing
reflect that a sound mind and body are the most necessary
regulation to promote connubial happiness, Indeed, with
out those the journey through life becomes a weary pil
grimage; the prospect howdy darkens to the view; the
mind becomes shadowed with despair and tilled with the
melancholy redaction that the happiness of another be
tomes blighted with our own.
F 4 f--- - Y ,4 fr:*T;lP - J114 . ' , A. 1.) w , .• C.) A
When the iniegtrided and
the
votary of pleasure
Buds that he has imbibed the wads of this painful disease,
it too often happens that an 3111-timed sense of shame, or
dread of discovery, deters him from applying to those who,
from education and respectability, can atone befriend him,
delaying till the constitutional Braytone of this horrid
disease make their appearance, lilted Ita ulcerated sore
throat, diseased nose, nocturnal pains in the head and
limbs, dimness of eight, deafness, nodes on the shin-bones
and arms, blotches on the head, face and extremities, pro.
greasing with frightful rapidity, till at last the palate of
the month or the bones of the nose fall in, and the victim
of this awful disease becomes a horrid object or commie
eration, till death puts a period to his dreadful sufferings,
by -ending him to "that Undiscovered Country from
Oence no traveller returns."
It Is a melancholy fad that thousands fall sletlute to
this terrible disease, owing to the unskillfulness of ignor
ant pretenders, Who, by the nee of that • Deadly P0i00,.,
Mercury, ruin the constitution and make the residue u
We Wearable.
STRANGERS
Trust not your lives, or health. to the care of many Un
learned and worthless Pretenders, destitute of knowledge,
name or character, who copy Dr. Johnston's advertise
ments, or style themselves, is the newspapers, regularly
Edocated Physicians, incapable of Curing, they keep you
trilling mouth after month taking their filthy and poison
ous compounds, or as long as the smallest fee can be ob
tained, and in despair, leave you with ruined health to
sigh over your own galling disappointment.
Jr. Johnston is the only Physician advertising.
His credentials or diplomas always hang In his Ms.
Ms remedies or treatment are unknown to all others,
prepared from a life spent in the great hospitals of Europe,
the first in the country and a more extensive Private
Practice than any other Physician in the world.
INEORSIUMENT or TEE
/march 12
The many thousands Cured at this inetitation year after
year, and the numerous important Surgical Operations
performed by Dr. Johnston. witnessed by the reporters of
the Sun," "Clipper," and many other papers, notices of
which have appeared again and again before the public,
besides his standing as a gentleman of character and re
sponsibility, lea sufficient guarantee to the afflicted.
Skin Diseases Speedily Cured..
No letters received unless poet-paid awl containing
a sisunp to be 'iced on the reply. Pomona writing should
state age, and wand portion of advertisement describing
symptoms.
.7011 N S. SOIEDISTON, Rif. D..
Of the Baltimore Loek Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
May 73—ly
Commercial Broker.
UNDERSIGNED HAVING TAKEN
out a License as a COMMERCIAL BROKER, is pre
pared to negotiate for the purchase and sale of
RE4I. ESTATE,
COIN,
STOCKS,
BONDS,
MORTGAGES,
and other Securities, Goods in unbroken Packages, Collec
tion of Rents, and any other business or a Commission
Brokeror Agent.
W Parties having boldness to do in his /Memo request
ed to give him a calL
JACOB C. SOMMER.
oFFICK to Court Street, next door above Alderman
Schemer. LFeb 28
FRENCH'S HOTEL.
ON TSB ZUROPZAN PLAN,
CITY OF NEW YORK.
Single ems Flay Cents per Day.
City Hall Square, corner Frankfort et.,
(OPPOSITS CITY HALL.)
EALS AS THEY MAY BE ORDERED IN
the spacious refectory. There to a Barber's Shop and
atb Rooms attached to the Hotel.
KaaiIMiZIMRIMMI
=Ell
NATIONAL HOTEL,
( SWAN.)
Race Stree t, HITE ab o v e Third, Philadelphia.
TIS ESTABLISHMENT OFFERS GREAT
inducements, not may on account of reduced rates of
board, but from its central location to the avenues of trade,
as well as the conveniences afforded by the several
Famous°. Railways running past and contiguous to it, by
which imam° can pass to and from the Hotel, should they
be preferred to the regular Omnibus connected with the
ROOD& lam determined to devote my whole attention to
the comfort and convenience of my msts.
AlEr - remit, Si prr dep.
D C. StEOrtipT, Proprietor,
Formerly room Bugle Nolel, Lebanon, Fa.
T. V. Raomns,Ciera. [march 10-tf
FRESH GROCERIES,
-AT
REDUCED PRICES.
AT THE
Corner of Aft' h and Spruce Streets.
March 1 AL sunit « IJON.
PRESS.
B. FRENCH, Proprietor
Desirable City Lots For Sale.
Till; UNDERSIGNED OFFERS AT PRI VATE
Sale at moderate rates,
ee ttuildiag Lots on North Ninth street.
Five Building Lott ou the went bide of Mose alley, East
of Ninth duet.
Three Building Lots on the west side of North Tenth
street, and Fourteen 'Whiling Lots on the east side of Mose
alley.
The conditions will be made easy to purchasers, the pro
prietor being willing to leave two-thirds of the purchase
money stand on the preinises, if moored by Bond and
Mortgage, and allow payment to be made in installments
of 10, 20 sod lio Dollars, until the whole debt is paid,
provided that one-third of the purchase looney le paid on
delivery of the Deed.
This lea rare chance for Laborers and Mechanics to se.
cure homes, an the tete are in the neigh horhood of the Steam
Forge and ludastrial Works; and as it In understood that
all the Depute of the Junction Railroads will be put up
Dear the property.
Plane of the Lota may be seen at my office, or that
of 11 Oscar Wagner, Esq., Court *street.
Jan 31-IaFREDERICK LAUER.
_ _
SALE OF LAND.
i I • '-; I
MEM
ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD COMPANY.
laT IS WELL KNOWN THAT THIS COM—
rarlY, is the few years sluee the construction of the
ilroad, has sold a large number of Farms to settlers,
who. mostly In a abort lime, enjoyed a degree of pros
perity, which in sufficient evidence of the quality of the
MI, and the facilities for disposing of its produce. The
numerous villages which have sprung up in this short
tints also indicate the abundant resources of the country.
Tho laud is rich PRAIRIE 8011., often thickly wooded.
Woodland can generally he purchased at short distances
and low prices—sometimes of the Company. The various
kinds of grain are successfully et/Riveted. Fruit, ti rapes,
du, grow rapidly, and yield abundantly and of superior
quality, The fruit market Is probably the best in the
West. For the raining of Cattle there is nu better country
to be found. Considering the infancy of the battle/ante,
much has already been done (or Schools.
The Company offers to settlers great advantages. The
land le sold—Wood or Pralrle,—at. from 166 to 812 per acre,
according to its distance from the Railroad. At the time
of purchase, only the intermit of the purchase money is re
quired. For the 3 first years, likewise only the interent.
At the end of the fourth year and the three following, each
one quarter of the capital; thus after the expiration of
Berea years, the whole amount is paid. On cash pay
ment. a liberal discount is allowed. Purchasers are ex
empt from taxes on the land for seven years.
Mr The nudersigued has been appointed agent, and
having personally examined the land, is able to give exact
Win...altos. All communications to be addressed to
JOHN RAIDLICIE, Agent,
Reading P. 0., Rorke county, Pa
March 21-ttl
NEW GOODS!
JUST OPENED, AT THE STORE OF THE
subscriber, a general assortment of
IM"Q)(11:0 3
MOURNING SILKS,
BLACK TAFATTE, for Ladles' Circulars and Coale.
FIGURED BROWN SILKS,
DESIRABLE STYLES MOZABIQUES,
FRENCH MERINO FOR SHAWLS,
DOUBLE-FOLD MERINO Du.
CHALLIES—DELAINS,
LAWNS—FRENCH GINGIIAMS,
CALICOES—MUSLINS,
COTTONADES AND JEANS,
MERINO, CASSIMERS NANEINETTS,
BLEACHED AND BROWN WINANS,
PAPER AND CAMBRIC MUSLINS,
FRENCH CLOTHS AND CASSIMERES,
lIICKOTti STRIPES AND CHECKS,
COLORED AND BLEACHED FLANNEL,
IRISH LINEN AND MARSEILLAISE,
FARMERS' DRILLINGS AND CORDS,
PATENT THREAD, SPOOL COTTON,
HOSIERY, GLOVES, HANDKERCHIEFS,
SHAWLS, COATS, CIRCULARS,
BALMORALS AND HOOP SKIRTS,
PARASOLS AND SUN SHADES,
UMBRELLAS, &c., &c.
All of which will be sold at reasonable prices—believ
ing that a adnible glifennen will go farther than A now
SRILLINO. Cull eel ace, and get the value or goods for
the worth of your money.
DAVID vamp,
June SO. 2.5 PENN STREET, READING,
REMOVAL.
HENRY CROUSE,
DAS REMOVED 1118
Wholesale Fancy Dry Goods and
Notion Store,
TO No. 16, WEST PENN SQUARE, READING, PA.,
ADJOINING JOHN S. PEARSON & CO'S.,
where he offers to the trade and retail cestomers, the
Woad and most desirable assortment of goods in hie line
ever brought to this city. Ms sleek consists in part of
hosiery and Gloves, Handkerchiefs, Tailors' Trimmings,
Perfumery and Fancy Soaps; Jewelry, Combs, Pins,
Needlee, Thread, Sewing Silks, Ac., Shoe Findings, Drags,
Stationery, Clattery, and a great variety or Miscellaneous
Articles and Notions too numeroue to mention.
• • •
Or Country Merehauls, NJlad, Milliners and alien
supplied by wholesale at the lowest city prices for Cask.
May 2,1663.
NOVICE.
ALL PARENTt3 AND GUARDIANS ARE
earnestly requested to keep the children under their
control from playing or walking upon the Railroad Tracks,
in and near this city. As Locomotives and Care are Con
stantly in motion thereon, neglect of this precaution will
certainly result in serious and perhaps fatal accidents.
Jane 6-3 M) G. A. NICOLLS, General Superintendeut
SUPERFLUOUS HAIR
INSTANTANEOUSLY AND PERMANENTLY
removed. without injury to the akin, by the Lille of D.
CLINTON'S newly discovered procees. Address, ea
closing live cente in protege *tempt or currency, D. H
LINTON, 23 North Third street, Philadelphia. Duna 9D.
60 A MONTH!—We want Agents at $6O a
month, expenses paid, to sell oar Everlasting
emits. Oriental Burners, and thirteen other new, useful
and curious articles. Fifteen circularssentfree. Address,
Nay 9—limj SHAW A CLARK, Biddeford, Maine.
REFINED SUGARS AND SYRUPS OF ALL
kinds, for sale by barrel or ported, at
June 27
CHOICE FAMILY GROCERIES IN GREAT
variety, both Fancy and Staple, always on hand and
for sale by A. H. PEOCOCK, Grocer and Tea Dealer,
j nue 27 40 South Fifth Street, Reading.
GLASS JARS-A LARGE LOT OF SELF
SEALING Olatur Jars. Just received and for Me at
PROCOCK'S,
Jane 27 40 South Fifth Street.
AMS, TONGUES AND DRIED BEEF, EX
UMA:IR Ifmoo, 14 PEOcOcK's,
27 40 south PIM, Street.
PRIME OLD DOVERNAIENT JAVA COFFEE
in small mats, just received and for sale at
PEOCOCK'S,
Noe 27 40 South Fifth Street.
URKEY AND FRENCH PRUNES.-FOR
Bale at
Tay 161 PEOCOCK'S,
10 Santb Bah Street.
SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 18, 1863.
WAR NEWS!
A Full Description of the Battle
of Gettysburg.
The Battle-Field-The Slaughter-The
Condition of the Town.
Correhpondotee of the Philadelphia Age
The battle of Gettysburg will be one of the
longest remembered of all the battles of this war.
It is the only contest yet fought upon Northern
soil. It repelled an invasion. It was sanguina
ry and desperate. Both armies had good po
sitions, and, what l 8 Most "omelet's in war,
both occupied such advantageous ground that
neither could drive the other away. At different
times during the battle each commanding gener
al contemplated a retreat. One made it, but the
other did not. Both Lee and Meade !dished to
set on the defensive, but misapprehensions made
each attack at different times, and both attacks
were defeated. Poor Reynolds lost his life when
driven back from his advance on Cashtown ; and
Barksdale fell as Longstreet's Grand Division
was repulsed in their fierce attack upon the
Cemetery. Each commander, too, relied upon
reinforcements to accomplish his purpose. Meade
reeeived his, but Lee got none. Eighty thous
and men fought on each side, each army support
ed by at. least a hundred cannon ; and the losses
may he safely stated at one-fifth of the whole
number engaged. Gettysburg, a small inland
town, has become as famous as Waterloo.
PREVIOUS TO THE BATTLE
The great landmark of the battlefield is the
South Mountain. This runs almost north from
Harper's Ferry until it enters Pennsylvania, and
then it curves gradually around towards the
northeast, and sweeps off to the upper Susque
hanna. There is a valley on each side of it.
Hagerstown is the principal city in the western
one and Frederick in the eastern. Entering Penn
sylvania, we have Chambersburg to the west of
the mountain and Gettysburg to the east. As
the two valleys curve around to the northeast,
we find Carlisle in the western oue, north of
Gettysburg. There is no railroad running along
the eastern valley ; the Cumberland Valley
road, however, runs the entire length of the
other.
After the battle of Chancellorsville was fought,
both armies lay for some time quietly watching
each other at Fredericksburg. Then silently
and secretly General Lee began his movemeute.
lie hurried away with the principal portion of
his force before the Federal army knew IL Up
along the southern bank of the Rappahannock,
through Culpeper around the bases of Rattle—
snake Mountains, his army marched as swiftly
as was possible. Ile passed west of the Bull
Run Mountains, sending cavalry to Thoroughfare
Gap and Aldie to watch the passes. His troopers
had numerous skirmishes with Federal cavalry
on the eastern aide of the mountain. Still Lee
marched on. He passed between Leesburg and
Harper's Ferry with part of his force. The re
mainder crossed the Blue Ridge into the Shenan•
doah Valley, which is but a continuation on the
south side of the Potomac of the Chambersburg
Valley. He pounced upon the astonished Mil
roy at Winchester. On and on his twolcolumns
marched, until both reached the Potomac. The
lower one, with the smallest force, crossed be
low Harper's Ferry, and the main body passed
the stream at a dozen different fords and bridges
between Sharpsburg and Williamsport. The
lower one entered Frederick, and the upper
Hagerstown ; and afterwards the different raids
through the Pennsylvania valleys were made,
resulting in such great destruction or property.
II was not until General Lee had secured
a good start that General Hooker discovered the
movement. Then began those great long marches
which tested the endurance of the Federal sol—
diers. Twenty and thirty miles a day General
Ifooker'a army journeyed, from Fredericksburg
to the mouth of the Monocacy, crossing the Poto
mac near there, and waiting for further informa
tion. Lee made the Antietam field his quarters,
whilst Hooker halted at Frederick.
The Confederates made several (elate towards
Washington and Baltimore, frightening every
one in both cities, and then General Lee began
that bold and daring movement which has as
tonished the world. As swiftly as possible he
marched up the Cumberland Valley. One strong
column went through Chambersburg to Carlisle;
another came east through the South Mountain
to Gettysburg and York and Columbia. The
North was more frightened than ever. After
the first raids there had been a lull, but a new
fear seised all, and many of the farmers loaded
up their household goods and deserted the
threatened country, hastening to the east bank
Of the Susquehanna. The enemy's columns,
however, retired, one to Gettysburg, and the
other to Chambershitig. Thus matters stood on
Sunday, June 28th.
Suddenly the Administration relieved General
Hooker of his command. He ordered the evacu
ation of Maryland Heights, where by just such
an invasion last year Colonel Miles and nine
thousand men were captured. Halleck forbade
it. Hooker asked to be relieved, and he was re
lieved. At three o'clock on the morning of June
'29th, an officer who bad ridden post-haste from
Washington entered General Meade's tent. He
woke Meade with "General, I bring you trouble,"
and handed him an order to take command of
the army. At daylight Meade found himself the
leader of a force of which, beyond his own corps,
he knew but little, and with which he was ex
pected to drive from Pennsylvania a triumphant
enemy, flushed with victory, loaded with booty,
and led with consummate ability. With many
misgivings General Meade took command, and
marching north until he struck the turnpike
from Baltimore to Gettysburg, he turned north
westward to find the enemy.
The Administration was frightened—so Much
so that for almost the first time since the NM
began it forgot political schemes to attend to the
wants of the army. Every available soldier was
gathered from Fortress Monroe and North Caro
lina. General Geintzelman's reserve in the en
trenchments of Washington was depleted to add
to Meade's force, and the Federal army marched
to Gettysburg about eighty thousand strong. At
ten o'clock. on Monday morning, Juno 29th,
General Foster's :North„Tarolina troops passed
through Baltimore, and made what haste they
could towards Gettysburg.
The removal of general Hooker was the filet
blow which the enemy received, and Meade's
march towards Gettysburg was the second.
They had confidently relied on meeting a fatigued
Federal army, exhausted by long marches and
commanded by an officer in whom confidence
was impaired, on the comparatively flat country
near York.. They scarcely expected to IMO a
battle further west.
On Wednesday morning, July 1, General Rey
nolds, with twenty-five thousand men, the ad
vance of the Federal army, approached Gettys
burg from the southeast and began the great
battle. The field upon which it was fought was
a peculiar one. The South Mountain, a long
ridge several miles west of Gettysburg, is the
great landmark, and the most prominent spot
near the town is the bill upon which stood the
unfortunate but: famous cemetery. Gettysburg
is situated in a valley. Two ridges, a mile apart,
parallel to each other, are on each side of the
valley. It and the ridges are all curves, the
concavity being towards the east. "It, was upon
these ridges that the battle was fought, the
combatants advancing and retreating through
the town and across the valley above and below
it. There is but one stream of water on the field,
a narrow, swampy one, a mile south of Gettys
burg, which rune zigzag down the valley towards
the Monts:mos% The lines of battle formed by
the two armies were upon these ridges, and re
sembled two horseshoes, one inside of the other.
PEOCOCH.'S,
40 South Filth Street.
The best view of the field is bed from the top
of the Cemetery ICU. it is a short dlitenoe south
GETTYSI3UAO, July 7, 1863
THE BATTLE-FIELD
of the town. In front there is a rather steep
declivity to the valley, then a gentle ascent,
covered with low, scrubby timber and pieces of
rock, to the Seminary Hill, a mile distant. Here
was the Confederate line. As the gazer stood
amid the broken tombstones he could see the
entire field. The valley, the debateable ground,
stretched around from right to left, almost a
semicircle. Ile could look over the tree-tops
and little patches of wood, and passing his eye
up the hill on the other side, could see the Semi
nary towards the northwest. Further to the
right is the Gettysburg College, also on the
Seminary !lilt
Beginning at the left hand, the Confederate
line rested on the little stream ; then ascended
the hill and ran along a stone fence, which bad
been made into a rifle pit. As it approached
Gettysburg it curved around, crossing the Chant
bereburg and Emmettsburg roads and the road to
Carlisle, and passed the seminary and college,
between which it crossed a serpentine railway
leading into the town, called the "Tape-worm."
The ridge continued the entire length, its front,
except in a few cleared spots, being covered With
timber_ The line must have extended at least
eight miles.
The ridge occupied by the Federal troops was
half enclosed by the other. It was an inner
circle, and was made up of much higher and
bolder hills than thos►uter one. The Federal
left rested also on the little stream and ran along
a rocky ravine, then ascended the Cemetery
llill, and so on in a semicircle over one round
topped wooded hill after another until it was
lost on the right in the mazes of a thick forest.
Meade's line was about live miles in length, and
in the battle, beside the higher ground, he had
all the advantages of interior lines, and also was
in a friendly country. His headquarters were
on a wooded knoll, a mile east of the cemetery.
Away off behind the Confederate line, and
curving around in a larger chide still, Was the
South Mountain.
TILE BATTLE
In all the contests excepting the opening one,
the enemy attacked. On Wednesday morning,
General Reynolds, with the Federal advance,
approached Lhe town from the southeast, the
enemy evacuating it on his arrival. Ile passed
through and out on the west side towards
Chambersburg. He marched several miles, was
met by the enemy in strong force, and after a
slight contest was compelled to retire. The
enemy pushed him very hard, and he came into
the town on a run, his troops going along every
available road, and rushing out on the east side,
closely followed by the enemy. Ode of his brig
ades came along the " Tape-worm" with a Con
federate brigade on each side of it. All three
were abreast, running as hard as they could—
the two outside ones pouring a heavy fire into
the centre, out of which men dropped, killed or
wounded, at almost every footstep. This Federal
brigade, in running that terrible gauntlet, lost
half of its men. General Reynolds was killed,
and Gettysburg was lost; but the Federal troops
succeeded in mounting the Cemetery Hill, and
the enemy ceased pursuing. At night the enemy
encamped in the town and the Federal troops on
the bill.
During Wednesday night and Thursday morn
ing the two armies were concentrating on the
two ridges, which were to be the next day's lines
of battle, and by noon on Thursday each general
had a force of eighty thousand men at hie dis
posal. Then began the great artillery oontest,
the infantry on both sides crouching behind
fences and trees in the rifle pits. The Federal
soldiers in the cemetery laid many of the tomb—
stones on the ground to prevent injury, so that
many escaped. There was bnt little infantry
fighting on Thursday, and neither party made
much impression upon the other. The Confed
erates in the town erected barricades, and had
their sharpshooters posted in every available
spot, picking off Federal soldiers on the hills to
the north of the cemetery. The cannonade was
fierce and incessant, and shells from both sides
liew over into the devoted town. Beyond killing
and wounding, breaking trees and shattering
houses, and making an awful noise, however,
this cannonade bad but little effect on the result
of the battle. Both aides fought with great
ferocity, and neither could drive Lhe other out
of position.
Oa Thursday night, fearing that the enemy
had flanking parties which might turn his rear,
General Meade had serious intentions of retreat—
ing, and he called a council of war. The advice
of some of his generate, however, and the capture
of the courier, with dispatches from Richmond,
from which it was learned that the enemy could
receive no reinforcements, made him decide to
remain.
On Friday morning General Lee did not desire
to make the attack. Ile saw the superiority of
the Federal position, and wished to entice them
out of it, and down into the valley. With this
deeign he withdrew all of his sharpshooters and
infantry from Gettysburg. The deserted town
lay there a very tempting bait, but General
Aleade's men hid quietly behind the fences and
trees, and banks upon the hills. They could look
down into the streets and see everything which
was in progress. They saw the enemy march
out and retire to the seminary, but made no ad
vance, and the Confederates gained nothing by
the movement. A parting salute of musketry,
however, from a knoll north of the cemetery, ac
celerated the Confederate retreat. For some
time the town had scarcely a soldier in it. Scores
of dead and wounded men and horses, with broken
wagons, bricks, stones, timber, torn clothing and
abandoned accoutrements, lay there. The fright
ened inhabitants peered out of their windows to
see what the armies were doing to cause such a
lull, and almost afraid of their own shadows, they
hastened away and crouched in corners and cel
lars at the sound of every shot or shell.
General Lee's evacuation had no effect. Meade
was neither to be enticed into the town nor into
the valley. Enough dead bodies lay in the fields
and streets to give him a warning of what hap
pened to poor Reynolds two days before, and he
wisely determined to stay where he was and let
events shape themselves. The enemy seen be
came impatient. They could wait no longer ;
and after much solicitation from his subordinates,
General Lee permitted General Longstreet to send
his grand division on a charge upon the cemetery.
The Federal soldiers were on the alert. They
were bid behind their embankments, somekneel
ing, and some flat on the ground. The Con
federate artillery opened. It was as fierce a
cannonade as the one the day before, butinstead of
being spread all over the line, every shell was
thrown at the cemetery. Experienced soldiers
soon divined what was coming, and in every
portion of the Federal line the cannon were di
rected towards the valley in front of the ceme
tery. All were ready. Amid the furious fire
from the Confederate cannon, scarcely a Federal
shot was heard. The artillerists, implements in
hand, crouched in the little ditches dug behind
their cannon. With arms loaded, the infantry
awaited the charge.
It soon came. From the woods of short,
scrubby timber and the rocks near the seminary
there rose a yell. It was a long, loud, unremit
ting, hideous screech from thousands of voices.
At the yell, the Federal cannon opened. Soon
the enemy's columns emerged from the woods.
They came on a rush down the hill, waving their
arms and still screeching. They climbed fences
and rushed along, each one bent upon getting
first into the cemetery. The cannon roared, and
grape and canister and spherical ease fell thick
among them. Still they rushed onward, hun
dreds falling out of the line. They came within
musket-shot of the Federal troops. Then the
small arms began to rattle. The Confederates
approached the outer line of works. They were
laboring up the hill. As they mounted the low
bank in front of the rifle-pits, the Federal Sol•
diem retreated out of the ditch behind, turning
and firing as they went along. It was a hand
to-hand conflict. Every man fought by himself
and for himself. Myriads of the enemy pushed
forward down the bill, across into the works and
up to the cemetery. All were shouting, and
screaming, and swearing, clashing their arms
[VOL. XXIV-NO. 13.-WHOLE NO. 1977.
and firing their pieces. The enemy's shells flew
over the field upon the Federal artilleriate on the
bills above. These, almost disregarding the storm
which raged around them, directed all their fire
upon the surging columns of the enemy's charge.
Every available cannon on the Cemetery Rill,
and to the right and left, threw its shells and shot
in the valley. The fight was terrible ; but despite
every effort the enemy pushed up the hill and
across the second line of works. The fire became
moment ilolte
hotter. The
the lh enemy would efigswaye b
swayed
b e a ack t thee
and
a fo rtg s o
rOne f
the cemetery ; then a rush from the Federal side
would drive them down into the valley. Then,
with one of their horrid screeches, they would
fiercely run up the hill again, into the cemetery,
and have a fierce battle among the tombstones.
It was the hardest fight of the day, and hundreds
were slain there. Reckless daring, however, will
not always succeed. Several attempts were made
to take the place, but they were not successful;
and late in the afternoon, leaving dead and
wounded behind them, the enemy's forces slowly
retreated up their own hill and into their woods
again. They were not routed. They can scarcely
be said to have been driven. They bad made an
attack and been repulsed, and after renewed at
tempts, feeling that it was useless tp try any
more, they retreated. It was now General
Meade's turn to make an attack. Though they
had lost heavily, his soldiers felt elated. They
saw hopes of a victory, anti were ready to do
almost anything to secure it. Although there
had been so fierce a battle in the valley below
Gettysburg; yet the town was as quiet and as
much deserted as ever. Shells flew over it, and
now and then ono of its houses would have a
wall cracked or a roof broken, but neither force
possessed it. General Meade turned his atten
tion there. The day was waning and the battle
had lulled, and he determined, if possible, to
drive the enemy out of the seminary. His troops
were placed in order, and charged down the hill
and into the town. They ran along every street,
chasing a few of the enemy, still hid there, be
fore them. They came out upon the that side,
along the " Tape-worm," and the Emmettsburg
and Chambersburg roads, and ascended the
enemy's hills amid a storm of grape and shelL
At the seminary the Confederates were not very
strong. They had weakened that portion of the
line to make their attack further to the south,
upon the cemetery. They bad but few cannon ;
and though they resisted some time, they finally
retreated from the edge of the bill and abandoned
the seminary. The Federal troops did not chase
them. The land back of the seminary was rather
flat, and cut up into grain fields, with here and
there a patch of woods. The rifle. pits on the
brow of the hill proved an effectual aid to the
Federal soldiers in maintaining their ground;
and as they lay behind the bank, with the ditch
in front, they could pick off the stragglers from
the retreating enemy. There was but little se
rious fighting after this, and night put an end to
Friday's struggle, the Confederates having re
tired about a mile on t he north, near the seminary,
and a half mile on the south, at the little stream.
During the night the dead in the streets of
Gettysburg were buried, and the wounded on all
parts of the field were collected and carried to
the rear. On the next morning General Meade
expected another attaok ; but instead of making
it the enemy retreated further, abandoning their
entire line of battle, and the pickets reported that
they were entrenching at the foot of South
Mountain. The Federal army was terribly crip
pled and sadly in want of rest, and no advance
was made, although pickets were thrown out
aortas the enemy's old line of battle, and towards
the place where they were building entrench
ments. All the day was spent in feeding and
resting the men. Gettysburg was turned into a
- vast hospital, and impromptu ones were made at
a dozen places on the field. The rain came, too,
and with it cool air and refreshment both from
wind and rain. No one could tell what the
enemy were doing ; every picket reported that
they were entrenching, and the night of the 4th
of July closed upon the field with it in Federal
possession.
THE LOSSES.
It is very difficult to make any estimate of the
losses in any contest, but from all that can be
learned the number of killed, wounded and cap.
Lured of the Federal army will scarcely exceed
fifteen thousand. The enemy's lees Was abed
the same. There is no reason why it should ex
ceed that of Gen. Meade, and none which should
lead us to place a lower estimate upon it. As to
prisoners, it is more difficult to judge, but as
there were no instances of any entire commands
surrendering, the only men captured being de
serters, and stragglers and wounded, who either
lagged behind or lay upon the field, the two ar
mies have been equally depleted by captures.
The Confederates, however, paroled nearly all
whom they took, and these are still with Gen.
Meade. Of captured Confederates there seem to
have been about six thousand.
AFTER THE BATTLE.
My visit to the field was made this (Tuesday)
morning, and it presented a wonderful though
sorrowful spectacle for the curious. Most of the
dead had been buried, but many were still lying
about, few, however, being Federal soldiers.
Every fence was knocked down, and every house
or shed upon the field or around it had its win
dows shattered, its walls torn out and its roof in
tatters. The fences had all been torn down by
passing and repassing troops, or else they bad
been carried off bodily to make barricades or
breastworks. The stones previously scattered
over the surface of the ground had been collected
in piles for rifle•pits. Nearly every tree had
limbs torn from it, and all bore marks of bullets.
Some had their bark stripped off in abrede by
the wind of passing shells. The ground was
tramped into a bog, and was covered with every
conceivable thing—old broken muskets, bayonets
and ramrods, pieces of wagons, broken wheels,
cartridge boxes, belts, torn clothing, blankets,
fragments of shells, and sometimes unexploded
ones, bullets, cartridges, powder—everything
used in war or by soldiers, was scattered around
in plenty. The grain and grass, which once
grew there, was almost ground to a jelly. Broil , -
where could be seen traces of the carnage. Hun
dreds of dead horses, still unburied, lay on the
field; and in boggy places and spots distant from
the town, many of the men were Mill unburied.
There is something impressive about a dead
man on a battle-field. To see him lying there,
with his hands clenched, his teeth set; and his
limbs drawn up, with ramrod or musket firmly
held—lying just as he was standing when the
fatal bullet struck him, teaches a sad lesson. To
see scores of them is more impressive; and that,
with the awful desolation and havoc and ruin on
all sides, shows far too plainly for delicate senses
the terrible end of battle. To know that at this
fence where so many lie, a tug of war was had
for hours—to feel that that tree whose bark is
stripped off, showing red stains on the inner
wood, has received the gushing blood of some
poor soldier, is by far the best teacher of war's
evils. And when, after all is over, men still lie
on the daop ground, undisturbed as they fell,
with hawks and crows and buzzards sailing lazily
over them—their Countenances bearing an ex
pression of horror, as the blearing, bloodshot
eyes, the blackened face and the contorted fea
tures, turn up towards you—when all this is
seen, and the fact that thousands like them have
lain there before is impressed upon the mind, a
remembrance is left which cannot be effaced.
Sermons and precepts may be exhausted in vain;
but the lesson taught by a dead man slain in bat
tle, lying in his gore, is worth ten thousand hol
iday exhortations. Yet many look upon it with
out. emotion. Many walked about amid the
horrid stench of that field unmoved. They
turned over the rubbish, picked up bullets and
fragments of shells for mementoes, but that was
all. They looked upon the dead, to be sure; but
with no expression of pity if he were a Federal
soldier, and only a laugh or a cures if he were a
Confederate. They forgot that the poor dead
man had been led to hie death by others more
responsible than he.
All over the field there are newly made graves.
There are long rows of them, parallel to each
other, where the Federal soldiers lie. Where
the carnage has been great, a trench receives the
remains of all; they are thrown in indiscrimin
ately, without burial service or coffin. The
clothes they wore when killed are their shrouds,
and the burial parties, or if not they, the fiends
who always prowl about after a battle, rob the
dead man's pockets before they bury him. Near
ly every dead soldier's pockets were turned inside
out and rifled of their contents. •
By the side of a hedge on• the Emmettsburg
road is the grave of the Confederate General
Barksdale. It is a plain mound, with rough pine
head and foot boards. At his bead, written with
a lead-pencil, is the following inscription :
"BRIO. GEN. BARKSDALE,
" Moldtw's Division, Longstreet's Corps,
" Died July 3d.
"Wound in left breast— l e ft leg broken
"Eight years a Representative inCongreue."
At the foot, written in tho same hand, is :
"Gen. Barksdale, C. 8. A."
At the Confederate General's feet, and almost
touching him, it lies so close, is the grave of a
Alain Federal officer. The headboard tells us it
is Captain Foster, of the 348th Regiment Penn—
sylvania Volunteers. At the Captain's feet is
the grave of N. M. Wilson, a Sergeant of the 11th
Massachusetts. There they lie, New England,
Pennsylvania, and the South, two of them bitter
enemies during life, but sleeping their last sleep
together on the soil of the other's native State.
TUE RESULT
So far as the fight was concerned, neither army
can be said to have gained any material advan
tage. To retreat from a field and leave it in the
enemy's possession is technically a defeat, and It
may be oonoeded therefore that General Meade
gained a victory. Still, Lee's army was not
driven away. It was not routed. It voluntarily
fell back at a time when no one was lighting it.
Lee began to dig and to retreat at the seine time;
and so well did lie hide his maeoeuvres, that be
secured thirty-six hours start in his retreat. He
retired down both aides of the South Mountain,
and on Sunday afternoon, while pursuit was
commenced, there wero several skirmishes. Lee
got safely away, and unless the high water in
the Potomac stops him, or be does not wish to
cress, he is by this time safely over with the
greater part of his army. lien. Meade is not
able to intercept him, and all ideas of hie cap
turing a host of fleeing invaders are foolish.
Still, General Meade has done the best he
could. He is a modest, unpretending, brave offi
cer, and has acted wisely and well. Ile has done
all that lay in his power, and it would, be the
greatest injustice if fault were to be found with
him now because General Lee's army was not
routed or taken. The invasion is over. The
frightened people of the North can now breathe
freely. Although millions of dollars of property
has been destroyed, and nearly the finest por
tions of Adams county ruined, yet the enemy is
out of the State, and we are once more secure.
Thousands of people are going to the battle
field. Every house and shed and stable in Get
tysburg is turned into a lodging•house. Every
conceivable wheeled vehicle which can carry
passengers is dragged to the battle-field. The
country for fifty miles around seems to have
turned out to view the sad relics of one of the
fiercest battles of the war.
THE SOLDIERS' FAITH IN M'CLELLAN
Apropos to the battle and the commander,
there is a queer state of affairs here. If a pri
vate soldier is asked who commanded him in
the late battle he will tell you McClellan, and a
contradiction will meet with an earnest rebuke_
If Meade's appointment be mentioned, they will
say he declined. It is the universal idea in the
army that McClellan led them in the battle of
Gettysburg, and many of the men tell how fierce
ly it made them fight. flow the story originated
is not known, but no officer was beard to contra
dict it whilst the battle was raging. It nerved
the army with renewed strength. J. C.
HOW TO SECURE PEACE.
On the subject of securing an honorable peace,
the New-York Journal of Commerce, of Friday
last, contains the following :
"It is by no means certain that the present is
a propitious moment for entertaining definite
plans of peace. If our policy had been such as
to raise a Union party in the South, to foment
differences of opinion there, we have no doubt
that this moment we should hear a loud call for
peace from within the revolted States. The same
individual sufferings and pains which we have
spoken of as operating here, are felt there with
equal intensity. We know that in various parts
of the South are mutterings of dieoontent, pro
phecies of failure, and secret longings for peace
and union. We know that in Georgia it is not
uncommon in private circles to hear the South
ern Confederacy spoken of as a very dubious af
fair, and the return of Georgia to the Union as
a possibility in the .future. We hear similar
reports from North Carolina, and we have
reason to believe that in other portions of the
Southern States there are more or leas of the
people who entertain grave thoughts of the ter
rible error into which they have been plunged
by their political leaders. It is probable that
the present state of affairs will increase the bold
ness and strengthen the influence of these per
sons. Still, as heretofore, it is plain to us be
yond dispute that a policy should be adopted
which is calculated to increase the number of
such persons, and to bold open to all the people
of the South the manifest advantages of union
and peace over disunion and war. There are
sensible people is the Southern States. They
are not all gone mad. The Government of the
United States has in its hands a tremendous
power over these persons, and by using and aid
ing them, a vast power over the unity of the
Southern States and people. A wise course on
the part of the Government now, might be pro
ductive of the most glorious consequences.
"If such a course could be adopted as would
restore the union and peace, is it not the duty
of the Administration to pursue it ? Can any
man, except one who has become insane on a one
idea plan, hesitate as to the propriety, the wis
dom, the duty in such a case ?
" The radical men are surely crazed who pro
pose to change the object of the war and prose
cute it until their ends are accomplished. They
may not like the old Union, but they wilt never
effect anew Union. It cannot be done their way.
They have' o right to attempt it. The living
army of American soldiers are not fighting for
It. It is treason to the dead, who lie in so many
hard-fought fields to attempt it.
" The instant that there is an opening for
peace and union, that instant must be seized, and
the opening enlarged. Until it comes the soldiers
are ready for battle, the people are ready with
sacrifices as heretofore. Bat those soldiers must
not be wasted. Those sacrifices are sacred, and
must not be profaned."
THE LATE GENERAL REYNOLDS.
Pennsylvania is called upon to mourn the loss
of one of her truest mid bravest sons. Major
General JOHN noon RlTloxne was killed In the
battle at Gettysburg, on Wednesday, the Ist
inst., while gallantly fighting at the head of his
command. General Ruvuma:is was a brave and
accomplished officer. He was born in Lancaster
in 1820. lie graduated at West Point in 1841,
and, entering the third artillery, scion took a
high position in the army. In the Mexican
war he won considerable distinction on account
of hie bravery, and passed through the bloody
bal4loo of Monterey and Buena Vista. Byer
since the breaking out of the present civil war ho
has been in active service, and in every position
in which he was placed he distinguished him
self by bis coolness, his courage, and his ability.
As an officer he was greatly beloved ; and the
many friends who now weep at his loss, will
bear willing testimony to his rainy MOWS