The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, September 15, 1865, Image 1

trEISP!).
DAILI7bIINDAYs EXCEPTED)
JOJIINIW. FORNEY.
.10z, No. 11.1 SPTR FOURTHSTREET.
(It
TIIE 17.4.1 LY PRESS,
City stibserikvis, 19 EIGHT DOLLARS FRE
te AtivaryCe.; or FIFTEEN CENTS. PEE
eg?‘ va iyhj, 4 the Carriar. Maned to Sub
-45,,5,'s out of the city, 651. - RN DOLLARS PER.
• TOREE.DOLLARs AND FIFTY DENTS FOR
!ro;:Titft. ; (JEN DOLLAR AND SEVENTY-FIVE
P. TUBER Moismus, invariably In advance
;,L,6 6roil
tote ordered.
ffl..tHEiSeleente inserttd At the usual rates.
WEEKLY PRESS,
to Snbscrtbers, FOUR DOLLARS PEE AN
oviore.
•
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1865.
IN CONSEQUENCE of the great pressure
„on 0 r columns we have been compelled
et uit our usual miss summary.
yETTER FROM " OCCASIONAL',
WAsume . roN, Sept. 14, 1865.
Tile President does not pause in his policy
ir vr,rds the Southern people because some
o i.ein refuse to recognize or reciprocate
•Db -'Dcmunimity, It seems to be certain
'lie known friends of the Government
;.,. ; e defeated in the Charleston (S. C.)
=.rict, hi the late contest for dele
to the convention, to reform the
i,..lvtitution of that State; and it is positive
io stated that, with a few exceptions, none
what were known as secessionists have
ma chosen to that body. Before we sot
is down as discouraging, let us recollect
only a very few first-class men in the
;oath had the nerve to stand out against
f. , e fiery fanaticism of the rebellion,
5 ,1 that' we never can restore or re
construct society there unless we se
cure the sincere aid of many of those who
o re forced to co-operate against the Go
comment, We are just now greatly
p, ,
, sed with what has been done in Nissis
-
,i i ,pi; and yet, among all the men who
r oke for and voted the recent strong anti-:sla
y:cry clauses in the new constitution of that
Slide, there was not one who was an out
&-out Union man during the war. Every
--visional Governor makes it his first study
l •o find the men who were always against
tossion in his State; and as these are al
-1,-a vs found to be too few in number to make
t p a riy, he must invite help from the ma
;oriiy. We have seen how even Governor
lkir,oul, one of the most unflinching of the
titre T_Tnion men of the South, has been
vii , 3 c ra i n ed to take this course to create and
conduct a government in Virginia. Andrew
belssort liamilton, of Texas, is already
charged in some of the papers with appointing
secessionists to office ; a charge true, doubt
leO, only in the sense that he could not re
cruit his administration from a Union party
fat did not exist. The President has felt
11,c. force of this necessity more powerfully
those who have contented themselves
wondering at some of his acts and
tosplaining of others. Thus far, nothing has
lon lost by confiding in these Southern
nen. The most active of the rebel mana
a:S are all unpardoned, and many re
;lx to take part because their ac
tivity might be the cause of suspicion
mug the friends of the Government, pre
lim:tato let more moderate or less con
spitiwas persons take the lead. There is
sot a Southern paper that I read that does
uct contain a card from some one of the
'imier party (late rebel) leaders decli
nu: to run for (like, or to take any
Irciminent part, for this very reason.
ie one has had less cause not to for-
Ore the rebels than the President. He
trai the especial object of their vengeance
tone 1860 to 1865. He struck the first
ilow at them in the Senate of the United
Mates, and in all their after sufferings they
serer suffered more fatally than when
they felt that crushing and tremendous
muck. From that moment they have
followed him with the fury of fiends.
They male him an outlaw from his home
and his State for many months, com
pelled his family to become fugitives,
shot his friends, destroyed his property,
and covered. his name with inconceivable
opprobrium. No living being is this day so
complete a monument of the savagery of
treason as Andrew Johnson. And yet he
to forgiving the leaders, or, rather, he is
for giving them a full, generous and
nos - trial. I have shown how he hits
teen moulded and controlled by cir
cumstances, and yet among all of these
circumstances nothing has done more Po
practicalize his actions than the sense of the
supreme power of his government,"and the
consciousness that he has not been made
the trustee of their interests to gratify per-,
solid resentment or a barbarous revenge.
Resentment and revenge may be forced
Open the Executive when he is taught that
the Southern people must be treated only
a 5 barbarians. I ` . OCCASIONAL.
WASHINGTON.
rtusonble Reports from the South CM
relina Convention.
De , imtcLts to Tbe Press.]
IV.vin:No•rom, September KM,
The Dead at ILadereouville.
Capt. J. N. Meow:, A. Q. M., who was de
.l)atehed with the party to Andersonville for
The purpose of interring the remains of our
rqiorte , :e who died in the nOtOrioll* 1 3 / .18 '4 1 '
P 513 at that place, is in daily receipt of letters
Item the friends of the soldiers buried there,
requesting information as to whether their
eon:llns can be found and removed North.
:alnalu M. desires to states, in reply to these
Iwiniries, that the record of burials, together
such other information as he could cili
ate, will be given to the public on the Ist
,roximo.
A Hies Depository of Publie randS.
The First National Batik of the city of
crookiyn, N. Y., was on Wednesday afternoon
designated by the Treasury of the United
:states as a depOeitory for public money.
The 31Ditary Division of Tennessee.
(;01enel a - A rrn T. 11L'SLIiVO, Inspector Qnar.
itunaster's Department, having reported in
Person to the Quartermaster General, has been
ordered to return to his station at Nashville,
Tennessee, employing himself in his duties as
al2pector, and in redlicints the expenses of the
( Martennaster , s Department in the Military
DiriSiou of the Tennessee, underprerious and
f:landing, orders.
Pennsylvania Post Offices.
The Postmaster Ger. end llas ordered the fol
low ;
Appoint JACOB L. SNYDER Postmaster, Camp
county, vice H. Cam.eRELL,
deceased.
KATT. G. :Ammon, Postmaster, Neff's-
Lunc , aster County, Fa., Tice J. DitY3lton,
Jr., decelynl.
IV, GLENN BIVC; II 3t, Postmaster, Macao/PS
Talley, Allegheny County, Pa., vice .r.s.mr.a A.
DvING, declined.
WILLIAX C. .V.L7NOLDA, Postmaster, Itobron,
Potter County, Pa., ViCC 6TBrlii,l2: 1Zr.Y.21-
oLns, resigned.
sootbern Manafatetures.
From the returns of the eighth census of
manufactures we deduce that there were, in
li(Al,= establishments for the manufacture
boots and shoes in the Southern States :
Capital invested 151,414,772
Lost of material used 1,C14,330
awe hands employed 4,000
} Beale " 315
Animal cost of labor • 1,403,050
Annual value of products 3,973,313
Activity of lf.and Operations.
She general land oillee has received returns
from the sales of Winnebago Indian lands,
made at St. Peter, 'Minnesota, in the month of
August, which amounted to C405i,117.
Death Sentence Commuted.
President JoHNSor has directed in the case
of HEN 1117 Lrzzo, Company A, 4th United States
Artillery, tried in this city by court-martial,
for murdering a companion at Camp Barry,
and sentenced "to be hung," that the sentence
be commuted to "imprisonment at hard labor
for life," The prisoner was sent from the old
Capitol prison to the penitentiary at Albany.
NAM' York, a few clays age, which has been do
-I,l4nated as the place of confinement by the
secretary of War.
Desolations on the Death of Mr. Lin.
coin.
Secretary flikun.vx, of the Interior Depart
hient, in behalf of the board of managers of the
Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal
Church, tc-day informally presented to the
President and the Secretary of Sikte, two
elaborated engraved sets of resolutions adopt
ea by that board, at a late meeting, on the
death of our lamented Chief Magistrate. The
resolutions are enclosed in frames composed
of Polished walnut.
The 2d Di.st Oct Regiment.
This regiment has ceased as a military 01 , ..
gani zat ion, the men having reeeivea their pay
and final discharges on Tnesday.
Pardoned.
Tte welVlEDD'istalayor SLAUGUTEE, Of Frede
iieliF•burg, WaS among , those pardoned 641
Monday.
Soldiers' Forged Discharges.
It has been ascertained that, in .thls and
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VOL. 9.-NO. 40.
r
other cities. a large number of soldiers' forged
disebargee have been presented, tnd par
meats obtained thereon.
• Tax Commissioner.
The President on. Wednesday appointed J.
C. DATE.% tax eonardssioner for the district of
the State of Georgia.
(By" Asgeetated rrese.]
South Caroline' Convention.
It is said that a telegram has been received
here from Columbia, S. C., stating that the
State convention assembled yesterday, one
hundred members being present. It is re
garded as the ablest body ever convened in
that State. Resolutions of discontent were
°tiered, and received only five votes, and
were laid on the table after a refusal to print
them. The fiovernorß message strongly sus
tains the President's reconstruction policy.
Internal Revenue Decisions
The internal revenue bureau rules that if a
Demon makes a business of selling patent
rights, whether he. or some other be the
patentees, be is liable to the excise taxes, as
a dealer in patent-rights • and also Matzo de
ductions can be made from successions on
account of costs and attorney's fees in pro
ceedings for partitions of real estate.
Pardons Granted.
Yesterday and to-day the President granted
fifty-nine pardons, distributed as follows:
North Carolina, 18; Virginia, 27; Mississippi,
12; Alabama and South carolina,l each. The
pardon business has not only increased the
duties of the President and Attorney General,
but those of the Secretary of State and some
of his subordinate officers.
The Muster-out of Colored Troops.
General Van Wren returns to New York to
night. He has been endeavoring to obtain an
order mustering out Ms old regiment, the 56th
New York Veteran Volunteers. He regrets
the muster-out of so many colored regiments,
because veteran regiments are reunited to re
main longer to do what could as well be done
by them. He says, from his observation in
South Carolina, where he was on service, that
the clamor by planters against colored troops
is without foundation, and that no more Out
rages are committed by black soldiers than by
whites. He and his regiment have been in the
service four years and he thinks it unjust to
them that they should be retained because
Southern men have prejudices against colored
soldiers. The regiment has always been in ac
tive service on the Peninsula and the Depart
ment of the South.
lIATIRISBURG.
The Dead Hodies of ]Union Soldiers in
'Virginia to be Removed to this State.
Ilennisnuno, Sept. 14.—The time for the dis
interment and removal of the dead bodies of
Union soldiers buried in the Department of
Virginia will commence On October Ist. This
information is communicated to Col. Gregg,
chief of telegraphing and transportation, by
an officer in command in the Department of
Virginia. It should be understood by persons
going to Virginia to remove the bodies of sol
diers, that when graves are near the-stations
of troops who are supplied with wagons, the
use of such vehicles will be given for the pur
pose of bringing in remains to points at which
railroad or steamboat transportation can be
Obtained. All applications for transportation
to and from Virginia, for the removal of the
dead bodies of Pennsylvania soldiers for burial
within this State, should be addressed to Col.
Charles F. F. Gregg, Chief of Transportation,
narrisburg, Pa.
RICEITIXOND.
TIM Itlermoun AND DAYVILLE RAILROAD GO3r-
RANI' INDIGNANT-THEY WANT TO KNOW
WEE'SREE GENERAL JOSEPH T. JOHNSTON
WOULD BE AN ACCEPTED PRESIDENT,
DALTI:MORE, September 14.—Richmondpapers
of this morning have been received.
At a meeting of the stockholders of the
Richmond and Danville Railroad, on Wednes
day, resolutions were adopted denouncing the
seizure, by the United States, of the Piedmont
ilailrOad, a branch of the Richmond and Dan
ville Railroad, as altogether contrary to right
and justice, and that there is no ground on
which said railroad and other property can be
withheld from the said company. A committee
Was appointed to wait on President Johnson
and requept his assistance in recovering the
road.
The stockholders of the Danville Road met
on Wednesday, for the purpose of electing a
president. General Joseph E. Johnston, late
of the rebel army, and Mr. S. S. P.rtford, who
was a muncher or the Virginia Legislature
during the rebellion, were the nominees.
After a lengthy discussion as to whether Ge
neral Johnston would be acceptable to the
Government authorities, an adjournment Was
wished for to await the arrival of a telegraphic
despatch from Washington, in answer to a
question propounded by General Terry, as to
whether the Government would object. No
despatch was, however, received.
One of the stockholders said that General
Terry was perfectly neutral in the matter, but
that if no response was received, the stock
holders might consider that the authorities at
Washington did not assent to the election.
Another stockholder Stated that in reply to
all interrogatory as to the propriety of elect
ing General Johnston as President of the road,
Governor Peirpont said that while he had very
great respect for Johnston, he believed that
his election at this time would be exceedingly
injudicious.
After further debate, and a strong advocacy
of the claims of Johnston by several stock_
holders, and appeal to vote for him, the vote
was taken, with the following result: A. S.
Buford, 2,278; J. E. JObriStort, 1,723. Buford's
majority is 551. The vote of the stockholders
stood for Johnston, 1,727 ; Buford, G7O. The vote
of the State—lA:a—was east by Mr. Charles
Palmer for Mr. Buford.
A resolution was adopted authorizing the
president and directors to name the amOlmt
that may be necessary to put the road in tho
rough repair and provide the necessary roll
ing stock, and also authorizing a pledge of the
nett earnings of the road to the payment of
ally obligations created under the resolutions.
FORTRESS MONROE.
FORTRESS Moivitoz, Sept. 13.—The following
officers 'have been appointed from the 3d Penn
sylvania Artillery AS assistant SUpevintend
ents of the Freedman's Bureau Captain r. B.
Bispham, Elizabeth City county; Lieut. Jas.
Darling, Email:int county; Lieut. Frank Mar
tin, Charles City county; Lieut. Marshall,
James City county ; Lieut. J. W. liage, York
county.
The fleet of vessels that came into this har
bor, wind bound, sailed today.
The U. S. steamer Pembina, from Pensacola,
pound to Boston, is at Norfolk with her ma
chinery disabled.
The steamer Sylvan Shore arrived to•clay
from Fredericksburg, and sailed for Cherry
stone.
The steamer Silas arrived from City Point,
with the 4th U. S. Colored_ Troops, far natl.
The English Visitors at St. Louis:.
ST. Lotus, Sept. 14.—The English party ar
rived this morning, and proceeded to.the Lin
dell Hotel, where rooms hatlbeen regerved for
them. A steamboat excursion on the river,
witnessing the capacity and efficiency of our
steam lire engines, a drive to the botanical
garden of henry Shaw, at Tower Grove, and
other prominent points about the city, have
been the order of the day. A grand supper at
the Southern Hotel will be given them to.
night, to which all the distinguished persons
in the city arc invited. They leave to-morrow
orning for Chicago, Via the Terre Kant°
and Alton and Illinois Central .Ttailroad;
in the same train, and accompanied by the
same party that escorted General Grant to•this
city.
The Judicial Treaty.
CuiCAOO, Sept. 14.—A special despatch to the
Bcplibliems, dated Fort Smith, says: The
Council was opened at one o'clock by Coolop
who asked if the different tribes were ready
to sign the treaty of peace. The arseiit-! for the
Seminoles and Cherokees said their people
bad read it, and would sign it to-morrow.
The treaty was read. It is between the com
missioners designated by. the President and
the representatives Of th'e Cherokees, Creeks,
Choctaws, Chielmsaws, Osages, Senecas, Semi
noles, Shawnees, and Onapaws. It is to the.
effect that they had entered into treaties with
the so-called Confederate States and forfeited
all their rights, but that the Government
would Olereise clemency, and re-establish:
order among the different triheS, as they had
become satisfied it was for the good of their
people to unite and establish the relations
with the Government which had formerly
existed between them, and hereafter re
co,mize. it as exercising exclusive jade.
dielon over them, and not enter into al
liance with any other State, nation, power, or
sovereignty. In accordance with the above
stipulations, the Government will furnish pro
tection and security for the persons and pro
perty of the respective tribes:
A message was received from the delegates
at Armstrong's Academy, to the effect that
the rebels are desirous of coming in to make
peace with their loyal brethren. The Council
adjOilrne.l until ten o'clock-tomorrow.
Storm on the Gulf of Mexico—Wreck
of the Steamer Shooting Star.
C;.mno, Sept. 14.—New Orleans papers of the
Bth inst. eelltaill an account of the wreck of
the steamer Shooting Star, on the bight of the
Pull ult., when fifteen miles west of Timba
lier light-house, while; en route from New Or
leans to Galveston. The ship and greater por
tion of the cargo were lost. A very heavy
gale swept over the gulf, and no veSSels had
arrived at New Orleans for three (lays prior to
the Bth inst.
The Ohio State Treasurership.
CINCINNATI., Sept. 14.—The once of State
Treasurer still remains vacant, litre Winn hay..
ing deelineti the appointment.
Massachusetts Republican State Von
vesation.
Brismow, Sept. 14,—The Republican State Con
vention assembled here to-day, and is largely
attended. A permanent organization was ef
feCted by the election of non. Charles Sumne
as president, and two vice presidents from
each congressional district, and a large num
ber from the State at large. Among the latter
is General B. F. Butler. The several commit
tees on resolutions, finances, 86c., were ap
pointed, when Mr. Sumner addressed the con-
Written at 'length.
The following nominations worn made
unanimously : For Governor, Colonel Alex
ander H. Bullock ; for Lieutenant Governor,
Hon. William Clatlin.
[BECOND DESPATCH.]
fr. Sumner spoke about au hour and a bait
and was listened to with marked attention
and applause.
The Ron. Amasa Walker presented resolu
tions, which were unanimously adopted, de
claring that, in tge death of Richard Cobden,
late member of the British Parliament, we
feel that our country has lost one of its most
earnest and devoted friends, and we mourn
his loss as that of a great benefactor of the
human. race axpresSing joy that he, having
done so much in our great cause, had lived
long enough to be assured Of its certain and
glorious triumph; recognizing how much we
owe to his coadjutor, John Bright, who stood
as the fearlees friend of our country and its
cause. •
It was voted to sand a copy of these resoln
tions to the family of Mr. Cobden.
The State ticket was then nominated with
great unanimity as follows: Governor, A. If.
Bullock ; Lieut. Governor, Win, Clailin ; Air
ditor General, IL S. Briggs, of Pittsfield; State
Treasurer, Jacob H. Land, of Plymouth; At
torney General, Chester J. Reed, of Taunton;
Secretary of State, Oliver Warner, of North
ampton.
A series of resolutions were read awl adopt
ed. The first recognizes the Divine hand in
leading our armies to victory. Second, con
gratulates and thanks our brave soldiers and
sailors. The third extends Cordial welcome
and confidence to President Johnson, pledging
him an unanimous good will and support in
his efforts to re-establish the Government in
the South on the basis of exaci justice to all.
The fourth reaffirms the platform of the last
National convention on the Subject of slavery,
and asks that there be no relaxation of vigor
or vigilance in the Government of therevolted
States, which would put, at hazard the rights
of the people, to whom the national faith is
pledged, or which leaves in Southern society
the seeds of the national crime—slavery.
The fifth resolution agrees with the Repub
licans of Pennsylvania that the people lately
in rebellion cannot be safely entrusted with
the political rights' they forfeited, until they
secure to all men within their borders the in
alienable right to liberty and the pursuit of
happiness and calls upon Congress to see
that loyal people, white andl;black:, shall have
t 11 o most p erfectguarante es for their safety, be
fore any final steps d are taken towards restor
ing the revolted people of the South to their
forfeited rights.
The sixth resolution declares that no part of
the powers of the Government can be safely
committed to the Southern men lately in re
bellion and arms, or to Northern men who, at
Chicago, declared that the experiment of war
to restore the Union was a failure, Se.
Seventh. That no confidence ought to be
Placed in the.prOfessions of an organization
that declared the necessary protection of the
polls from the assaults of ruffians and trai
tors to be a shameful violation of the Consti
tution, which ought to be resisted, and that
DOW Seeks to reinstate itself in power by the
nomination of soldiers, and passing resolu
tions of confidence in a Republican Adminis
tration.
The eighth resolution says that, although
we have no new theories, in relation to negro
Suffrage, we oppose allowing, the elective
franchise to rebel soldiers and traitorous poll
ticians, while loyal men, who have borne arms
and shed their blood in the nation's defence,
are excl , ded; and declares that Congress
should maintain the public faith toward the
freedmen, while it provides for the peace and
security of the country.
After addresses from General Butler and
others, the convention adjourned.
CALIFORNIA.
The Elections—Cotton BiNnufseture.
SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. the principal
counties in the interior of the State have
elected the Union!! members to the Legisla
ture. Two or three small counties have gone
Democratic, but, as a whole, the ' ,, Union ,3
Party has not lost anything.
Thefirst cotton-manufacturing company
organized on the Pacific coast halm com
menced their operating mill in San Francisco
With v, paid capitaa. shoy will
DeginnUMUracturing iii 1 , 3 overnbor with thirty
two looms, employing thirty operatives. They
will manufacture drills and standard sheeting.
The raw cotton to supply' he mills will come
from Mexico at present, but experiments are
now being made which justify the belief that
the article may be raised cheaper in Califor
nia.
SAN FRANCISCO,. Sept. lo.—Business is gradu
ally reviving. The prices of many articles of
prime necessity from the East have an up ward
tendency. Coal has again adVaneedlee ; Butter
touched 57%; Coffee is le higher; Dried Fruits
scarce awl advancing; .Sugar 4@.13,4e higher;
Candles in small supply, and firm at last ad
vance; Soap, nearly all kinds of ease goods,
and liquors are tending upward; staple Dry
Goods, Boots and Shoes are all very firm;
lireadetuffs firm, and 5c higher. Money is
abundant at IX. per month. The first sale
California. refined Petroleum, of SOO gallons,
at 14.0, took place recently. The prospects of
a large production of this article are not yet
very promising.
The Connecticut Races—A Collision lie.
tw•een "Henry Clay" and "Stone.
WWI Jackson."
11AP.TFORD, Corm., 11.—The third and
last day of the National Horse Fair promised
to be a greater success than any previous one.
The attendance was very large, and the show
of horses excellent. There werethree entries
for the live-mile trot, - viz : "Frank Vern.Chn, ,,
1, Henry Clay," and " Stonewall Jaekson.ii The
first 'prize was for *BOO. t; Frank Vernon" won
the first and second heats in 2.31% and 2.32.
In the next heat, " Henry Clay" and "Stone
wall Jackson" collided, threw their riders
and run away ; the former running once, and
the latter three times around the track before
they could be stopped. "Frank Vernon"
trotted the best he could, being obliged to
keep clear of the runaways. This ended the
trot, and if Franke was awarded the prize.
,Several• persons were injured, including
Carpenter,the driver of " Stonewall Jackson."
The scene at one time was a most fearful one.
The Reconstruction of Alabsima—Meet•
A m of the State Convention.
MONTOO3IERY, Ala., Sept. 14.—The newly
elected State Convention of Alabama met hero
to-day. About ninety members are present.
E - x-biovernor Fitzpatrick was chosen presi
dent by acclamation. The delegates com
prise many of the ablest and best men in the
State.
It is supposed that the action of the body
will pretty closely follow that of the Missis
sippi Convention. GovernOr Parsonsbelieves
and hopes that the resolutions permitting ne
gro testimony in the courts will be passed. In
any event, the doings of the convention will
be of a decidedly conservative tone.
All the members present have taken the pre
scribed oath of loyalty.
Maryland Nomination.
BALTIIIOI= 7 Sept. 14.—The lion. Thomas A.
Spense, an original Unionist arnd Emancipa
tionist, has been re-nominated as Judge or the
Twelfth district of this State.
General Grant at St. Louis.
ST. Lows, Sept. 11. —Gen. Grant. and family
spent the day at the homestead of his father
in-law, General bent, nine inildg from the city,
No public demonstration has yet been made
in his favor; but at the request of Mayor
Thomas, and many other prominent citizens,
he will visit and remain three hours at
Lafayette Park, tomorrow afternoon, and
give the masses of the people an opportunity
of paying their respects to him.
ANOTHER. R. R. ACCIDENT.
Collision on the Camden and Amboy
Railroad—Five Cars Destryeti—The
Railroad Bien say " Nobody Hurt'
The " owl” train, which left Jersey City at a
quarter past twelve o'clock on Wednesday
.night, for Washington, ran into the rear of a
freight train near Princeton, N. J., at two
o'clock, and five cars in all were broken up
and entirely destroyed. The two trains, it ap
pears; were running in the same direction.
The freight train was a long and heavy one,
though the ears were mostly empty, and they
were moving slowly. Tlle owl train was
going at a comparatively high rate of speed—
perhaps twenty-live miles an hour.
The place where the 'collision occurred was
near Princeton Junction, about a mile this side
of Princeton. The train ahead was not seen by
the engineer of the other train until his en-.
gine was close upon the rear freightcar, and,
all or nearly all of the momentum. of the owl,
train was expended upon the freight train,
The engine crushed the first and second ears
to pieces, and two other freight ears were 111,-
ined. Much injurv - besides was done to. the
freight train, but the motion of the owl train.
was stopped with .the destruction of the•four.
ears. The damage to the owl train was prin.ci.
pally to the smoking car attached to it. Ahead
of this ear WAS the mail car, whieb.was
rally driven through the smoking ear.: and the
end of the mail ear was carried upward so.
that the rear of it, after breaking the sides and
frame of the Smoking car, had mounted to the
extreme upper corner of that car, and remain.
ed in that position.
Persons m the employment of the Camden
and Amboy Railroad Company assured the
passengers on the mail train" that nobody was
Injured by the accident. It is added that the
brakeman on the freight train did not do his
duty in keeping f red lights on the roar car.
The engineer othe owl train claims that he
is excusable on this ground. Persons who
have seen the ruins of the car destroyed by
the collision near Princeton, and who arc not
unfamiliar with accidents of the same kind,
give little or no credit to the statement of the
railroad men that no
i p e c a r t s rh
awda
occurred,
c h e n u r r t r o c ieoar
either train, If %IT
how
ever, the fact - would doubtless "vq' Cegie to
PIITLA - DELPHIA, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1865.
STATISTICS OF THE CAMPAIGN
OF 1864.
Losses in the Arntits of the East and
the West at Different Periods—The
Amount of War Property Captured—
some Interesting Facts.
A Washington correspondent or the Chicago
21 - ibuee sends to that journal the following iu•
terestiog facts:
CASUALTIES IN THE GREAT CAMPAIGNS OF ISGI.
It may be wrong to revive at this time the
bloody recollections of the four years fearful
struggle for the solidarity of the nation.
Many of your readers may apt thank inn for
presenting to their contemplation once mere,
in a condensed form, the great loss of life and
limb incurred by our armies last summer in
the great campaigns of General Grant in Vir
ginia, and of General Sherman in Northern
Georgia. But during the progress of the
events of these two grandest episodes of tho
war, the most extravagant statements and es•
timates of the losses of our forces were made
in public prints, that left still lingering erro
neous impressions upon the public mind. To
correct these, even at this late date, I have
compiled from various official Sources the fol
lowing detailed comparative statement of the
casualties in the Army of the Potomac from
the ad of May till November Ist, ISit, and of
those in General Sherman's army from the
time it moved on Dalton until after the cap
ture of Atlanta. I believe correct returns in
this consolidated form have never been given
to the public. The statement may prove a not
altogether valueless contribution to the histo
ry of the. war. The part relating to the Army
of the Potomac shows the losses in the great
actions of its campaign ; that relative to Gen,
Sherman's army exhibits only the total losses
of its great sub•divisionS. A statistical show
ing of the losses of the latter
particular ac
tions in the course of its campaign could not
be extracted from official documents. Its hea
viest loss in any action it experienced in the
battle of July 22,d, in front of Atlanta, amount
ing to nearly four thousand killed and
:wounded :
' gtlg'E Z ;VlM "6'''ll
154AgZqP
m W 6 O P
,T.,4 4 1 g g
"•
R.tt , ri'raM
mVOlvilqggg
11,.( 2 1•11 - 11 , 11111
m..
CD SatO
1 71 —4 2I ar-ACr4—:C
COi I I -.
CO I Mt:. CP CI CA C
^
.e* cs
c:Zic:b •-• c 4,
a 'CI . 22 --72 croZi
St F-. 10 RD RD , P. ,P. C.7 . p tt 141.8
FI 8 . 1 .C ' 4,- ,:4g '. ,;'.
''.
- ~D+- ..
-.1 ID -.1 eli,D . CD 06 CD ..7.4.1 RS 0.
List of casualties of the Grand Army of the
the Mississippi, composed of the Armies of the
Cumberland, Tennessee, and Ohio, under nom-
Mond of Major General Sherman, in the At
lanta campaign : :;•
ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND
Officers. Enlisted Men.
-1
CORPS.co EE
ct,eg
s' c
1 11 1111 ' 84 311 1411,0371 5,419 4741 7,925
69 230 111,026! 4,321 2951 5,941
20th 51 354 14 9141 5,647 808 1 7,724
Cay. Cointd 9 92 68 115 982 1,169 1,617
Total 213 889 10713.092i16,85912,746122,607
ARMY OF TRIG TENNESSEE.
Officers. ;Enlisted Alen.
5 -11 1 1 4 1 m 4
.07 14
conpg. 6 I co 0
re • m
1.7
r * i" A
: :
1501 54 1881 28 5961 3,207 6&51 7 1,678
------- Zlrl 0.1 8 ~.356 1,708 1901 2,377
-- ----- • • • • • •• • •••• . 5 1 95 lre 1,713 995.--0,w4
Total 91 t 9631 77 1,3571 6,628 1,796110,8/4
ARMY OF TRH OHIO
Classification of the commissioned officers
and enlisted men not reported : _
Corps, Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total.
230 531 2,378 1,060 3,960
TOTAL CASUALTIES inr THE GRAND Alildr OP TJIP.
MISSISSEPPI.
Army of the Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total.
Cumberland 3,30.5 11.788 2,883 .... ,, ,807
Tennessee 1,448 6,993 1.873 10,314
Oldo 531 2;378 1.060 3,919
-...- - -
Total 8,294 28,123 5,786 31409
From the above statement it appears that in
the Army of the Potomac,. in six months, seven
hundred and ninety officers and nine thou
sand seven hundred and seventy-six enlisted
men, or a total of ten thousand five hundred
and seventy-two,vere killed outright, and two
thousand seven hundred and ninety-six officers
and fifty-one thousand one hundred and sixty- -
one enlisted men, or a total of very nearly
fifty-four thousand, wounded by the lire of
the enemy. I think the total of sixty-four
thousand killed and wounded was about one
third of the aggregate foree under General
Grant's Command (computin,g the original
strength of the army ;when it left Culpeper,
and the reinforcements sent to it) in the stated
time. The loss in the Wilderness battles was
greatest,. next, that at Cold Barber. The
unparalttleti bloodiness of the struggle at
Spottsylvania is illustrated by the unsually
large number of killed.
Against a total, of missing of twenty-three
thousand, the Army of the Potomac has a set
off of fifteen thousand three hundred and se
venty prisoners, captured from the enemy. Of
guns, the Came army Rot twenty-ftve, and cap
tured thirty-two.
The Grand Army of the Mississippi captured
and received an aggregate of 12,983 prisoners
and deserters during the active operations
ending 'with the fall of Atlanta, of whom about
twenty-five per cent. came voluntarily into
our lines. Of guns, twenty-six were taken and
sixteen lost by General Sherman's army.
From May Ist to the middle of September, no
less than 52,217 of General Shermanrs soldiers,
besides the wounded, were medically treated,
of which aggregatethe remarkably small num
ber of only 420 died from various diSeaSCS.
Of artillery ammunition, the Armies of the
Cumberland, Tennessee, and Ohio expended
together 149,670 rounds ; of small arms ammw.
piton, 22,137,132 rounds.
THE SOUTH,
Some Facts as Gleaned from its News•
papers.
From our Southern exchanges we gather the
following interesting facts
GENERAL oiLmoretes ORDER ON THE RESTORATION
OF 0117.1 L AUTHORITY IN SOUTH CAROLINA.
GENERAL ORDERS-NO. 30.
linous DEPARTMENT OR SOUTH CAROLINA,
limmoN HEAD, S. C., Sept. S, ilO5.
In order to remove all seeming conflict" of
jurisdiction between the civil and military
authorities throughout the State of South
Carolina, promote the preservation of quiet
and good order, relieve the people as
much as possible from all unnecessary re
straints of martiallaw, and reduce the ex
penses of the military establishment, it is
hereby ordered—
First. That the Superior and Circuit Provost
Courts will continue in operation as hereto
fore, and shall have, as against any and all
civil courts, exclusive cognizance to try and
adjudicate all cases where freedmen and other
persons of color are directly or indirectly con
cerned. This will not be so interpreted as to
restrict the authority of the agents of the Pm
rent of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned
Lands.
Second. The civil courts - maybe opened and
all civil and municipal Offieera whO shall have
taken the ahanesty oath last prescribed, and
who, if they belong to either of the classes ex
cepted from amneity, shall have received Ex
ecutive pardon, will be allowed to resume the
exercise of their ollielal duties, under such of
the laws of South Carolina in force immedi
ately before the 17th day of.NeveMber, MO, as
are not inconsistent with the laws of Congress
and the proclamations of the President, which
laws and proclamations are in all cases to be
respected.
Taira It being impracticable to establish
and preserve military posts in sufficiently
close proximity to maintain a perfect military
police in every portion of the State, the civil
magistrates will be allowed to make arrests in
all cases of breach of the public peace; but
the arrest of freedmen and other persons of
color, when rendered necessary by the absence
of the military, Will in all eases be immedi
ately repelled; and the custody of the. , person
or persons arrested promptly transferred to
the nearest military commander.
The functions of civil officers who disregard
this order Will be suspended.
By command of Major General Q, A. Gilmore,
W. L. M. Emtoen, Asst Adpt General.
LAI:on tosiTnAcTS IN ALABAMA.
The foll Owing important order, issued by
the commissioner of the freedmen's bureau of
Alabama, has been approved by Governor
Parsons:
OFFICE ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER
Bunstar OF. REFITMISI
FREEDMEN AND ABANDOZYED ,
111 0 MONTDOMERS, ALA., August 311 1605.
GENERAL ORIMILLS 110,12
I. 411 contracts with freedmen, for labor,
for the 'period of one month and over, must be
reduced to writing, approved by an agelit of
this bureau, and one copy deposited with him,
/a proper cases he shall require security.
11. For plantation labor:
1. Such contracts will be made with heads of
families. They will embrace the labor of all
the members of the family able to work.
2. The employer will stipulate to provide
geed and Sufficient food, quarters, and Meal.
cal attendance for the entire family, and such
further compensation as may be agreed on.
3. Such contracts will be a lien upon the crop,
of which not more than one-half will be re
moved until full payment is made, and the
eontraet, released by an agent of this bureau:
or a justice of the peace, in case it is inipyaa:
ticable to procure the services of such ageat.
111. The usual remedies, for violationolcon
tracts to the employer, of forfeiture of wages
due, and to the freedmen of damages, secured
by Yell or pOrSeaa,l security, are deemml to be
sufficient, and all that is practicable.
IV. But, as many persons have not yet lealned
the binding force of v. contract, and that free
dom does not mean living without labor, it is
further ordered that when any employer,
under this order, shall take oath before a Jusi-
Me Of the peace €ietitiO es in agent of OM
reanNui having local jurisdiction, that one of
his emplo3 Os has been absent from labor
without good cause for a longer period than
one day, or for an aggregate of time greater
than three days in one month, the justice shall
proceed against sun person as a Vagrant.
V. Freemen committed as vagrants may be
set at work on roads or at other labor by the
county or municipal authorities, which pro.
vide their sufort, or they may be turned
over to ag of this bureau.
VI. No con tact will be approved Which
does not eipire on or before the Ist day Of
January, 1867. WAG}2II. 8 wavxn,
Ting. General and Assit Commissioner.
HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT Or ALABAMA,
lifourr ! s, Ala., Sept. 4, 1815.
The foregoing order is approved and will
be enforced by the military authorities in this
department, in the absence of or in support of
the parties charged' with its execution.
By order of Major General Woods.
W. B. WOODS,
Brig. General and Chief of Staff.
ALABAMA. P.A ILIWADS
The railroads in the country about Selmaftl.e
being rapidly put in order, and business is be
ing resumed to a very considerable extent.
The railroad bridge over the Tombigbee at De
mopolis, on the Selma and Meridian railroad,
will lie courted. In about a month. The, Ala.
Dania and enneeeee, road, from Selina to Blue
Mountain, is in cumplete running order. Con.
siderable trade and. travel is passing over it.
NEW COTTON IN ALABAMA.
The first bale of new cotton was sold in
Montgomery, August2:4ll., for thirty-live cents.
It was classed strict middling. The first bale
of new cotton in Mobile, on August 21, brought
forty-live cents. It was classed fair.
EUROPE.
TWO ATLANTIC CABLES TO BE
LAID NEXT YEAR.
The Preach Fleet Pay the English a
c 5
g
C.- .4
.3 t".
HA.r.rrAx, Sept. 14.—The steamship Asia, Cap
tain Moodie, from Liverpool, at 4 o'cioChon
the afternoon of the 2d, via Queenstown on
the 3d instant, arrived here at 2 o'clock this
morning. Iler dates are two days later than
those already received. She has 32 passengers
for this port, and 08 for BOston.
The steamship City of Dublin left'Liverpool
for New Tor] simultaneously with the Asia.
The Atlantic Telegraph Cal4e.
The Directors of the Atlantic . Telegraph
Company haxe unanimously uneeptedthe oder
of the Telegraph Construetion Company to
manufacture and . lay down a new cable, and
complete the present one, so as to have two
perfect cables between Ireland and Newfound
land nest summer.
5 4, z
~,
4 w
g F 4
M -9
r-, P.
The manufacture of the new . cable has com
menced, and the work is being done
'aith the
utmost care.
Captain James Anderson received an 'offer
from the Telegraph Construction COMPfthy to
command the Great Eastern for five years in
laying cables, and accepted ofit.
Mr. Cyrus W. Field sails for New - TOO: in tide
steamship Australasian on the 9th instant.
GREAT BRITAIN.
It IS Stated that in consequence of the
spread of Fenlanism, the number of regiments
in the south of Ireland is to be increased.
The report that Mr. Bright is to visit Ame
rica on ofliciai incitation is pronounced to be
without foundation.
The Board of Trade returns for July show
a continued slight falling oft in British ex
ports, as compared With last year.
The files at POrtsmouth, in honor of the
French fleet, progressed in the most splendid
manner, and concluded on the Ist inst. The
weather throughout was exceedingly line, and
everything passed oft in the most happy man
lier. Banquets, reviews, balls, and illumine-
Lions followed, one after the other, and all
were alike brilliant and Successful.
The reception accorded to the French offi
cers by the English people was exceedingly
warm and enthusiastic.
At a grand banquet given by the Duke of
Somerset in behalf of England, and by M.
Cassaloup Lonbat in behalf of France, an ear
nest desire was expressed that the two nations
might ever live in peace and on terms of the
most cordial friendship andgood will.
This cmeltangs of naval 110Spitalities be.
tween France and England is pronounced a
memorable episale, not only in the history' of
these two great Powers, but even of the -civi
lised world, and is universally regarded with
great satisfaction throughout England.
Crop estimates claim much attention, and
the leading authority in the London Times
sums up his estimates throughout the country
as follows :
Wheat will yiold twenty-six bushels ner
`nor°, or four below the average ; barley, thir
ty-two bushels per acre, or oiGht below the
average ; oats, thirty-four bushels per aere, or
fourteen below the average. Peas and beans
will yield their average crop. Potatoes will
yield unusually well. Hay will give an aye
rage crop. Pasturage is singularly abundant.
Count Walewski tendered his resignation as
a Senator, and it was accepted.
The Flmperor bad received M. Mon, the new
Spanish ambassador. He said he attached
great value to seeing France and Spain ad
vancing together, and the French Government
would always be found ready to strengthen
the bonds which unite the two countries.
The Paris Pattie says that the French Impe
rial Government, and all the precedents of its
policy, compel it to refuse its approbation
to the Austro-Prussian compact at Gastern.
What has predominated in the arrangement
sanctioned at Calysbar has been the interest
of the strongest, and the annexation of Lauen
burg to Prussia, raises another constitutional
question.
The Empress Eugenie had arrived at Fon
tainbleau, with the ladies who were injured at
Neufscliatel.
The returns of the Bank of Franco show a
reduction in cash of about a million and a half
of francs, and a great increase in discounts.
- The Bourse closed firm on the ISt inst. at
G9f 20c.
The new ministry is not yet formed.
It is Oft : Malty annonnee.d in the Cortes that
Prince Amadeus did not visit Lisbon to repro.
sent Victor Emmanuel at the baptism of the
infant prince. The Cortes granted leave to
the king to travel abroad. Lie and the queen.
Will visit Italy,
.Don Fernando, acting as re
gent in the interim. Such an event, being un
precedented, has excited public surprise.
LATEST.
The new Cabinet has formed under the pre.
sidency of Viscount de Castro.
B RA ZIT,.
The mails have been forwarded by the Asia.
Commercial news has already been published.
The - war between Paraguay and the Argen
tine Republic shows no signs of termination.
Rains bad retarded military operations, but
hostilities were about to commence on an im
posing scale. Large armies were being raised
by volunteers and conscription.
commorelal IntelOgenee•
LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET.—LtirknrOol,
Sept. 2,
t. ETtning.--COVrOX.—Sales to-day 10,4
bales to speculators and exporters. The market
is firmer, with an upward tendency, but quotations
remain unchanged.
littEikl):s - TUFFS.—The market is firm.
PoovmoNs. — The market is firm.
LoNnON, Sept. 2 4 ETCIIII/g9 — Cousols closed at 00
for money.
The weekly returns of the Dank of Englaud show
an increase of £268,000.
AMERICAN SECURITIES.-Illinois Central Rail
road, 7kylaer79; Erie Railroad, 5330533¢; U. S. Five
twenties, OD.
Sept. 2.-The Boone IS firm. Bentes,
60f, 20c.
NEW YORK CITY.
TEE 'NEW 'CORK EMBEZWINNNTS-TUIAL OF
JE.NICINS AND KETCHUM.
Jenkins and Ketchum were both arraigned
in the Court of Sessions to-day. Jenkins was
called upon to 'plead to two bills of indict,•
ments for votbezzlement and grand-larceny,
when his counsel said a writ of demurrer
would be interposed.
Ketchum plead "'not to the indict
ment for uttering gold checks.
The eases were posipOneil till the next term
of the court.
THE TRIAL OF STEAMERS AT NEW YORE.
At the trial of the Algonquin and Winooski
to-day, the engine of the first-named vessel
Wag stopped, two tubes having collapsed in
her boiler. The engine of the Winooski was
still kept in motion.
SALES AT THE STOCK EXCHANGE
SECOND. BOARD.,
I,OOD II S6s 'Bl c 1073.§1 iOO N Y Central—sBo 92 3 6
25.000 U 5 GS 6-20 c 187%.1000 Erie Railway..., 86%
26,000 US 68 0t Erie 12 , WAV Fria 84
21,000 U S 5s 10-40... C. 90% 200 Reading RR 107%
1,000 Tenn St es 84% 200 do 010 107
1,000 MG St Gs 73% 800 Mich So &R. 68
4,000 North Carol Gs 76% 600 do sio
8000 c 77 600 Clcv &P 10 71'
190 CUOLTh Cl r, , , , b 39 43% 300 Ch lt 14W Pref.. SIM
:1•41
900 do 93
200 reima Coal Co.. 160
20Quick M Co 50
500 do 4834.
100MarlposaM Co.-. 12
ioo Central Cl C b3O. 60
100 do b3O 5 , 11;.4
100 ... . .. 930 59
200 N Y Central_slo 923
100 do 2d call 93
Conflagration at Liverpool, N.
RAT Sept. IC—A large fire is now raging
at LiYOrp49 l , Nova Scotia.
The whole town is in tlanget of deStruCtiOn
from the flames.
The Steamship Asia.
HALIFAX, Sept. 14 The Asia, sailed at seven
o'clock to-day for Boston, liliOre she, will be
due on Friday night.
•
Marketa by Teleivaßl.L.
.13.kiirnitour, Sept. 14,F1our dull and inac
tive; sales of lip_ward; street emperittie at
$8.50@8.52. Wheat firm; prints 80aree Pud in
demand at full:prices. Corn very dull ; . white
at 89e. ; yellow -at sf4e, oats firm. Provisions
firm. Bacon—shonlder,s at. SIS@IO. Whisky
dull at $2.27%.
Crticaoo, Sept. 14.--P,lonr, dull. 'Wheat activ.eo
No. 1 oloSed iirmlat $1.4014; No. 2 closed dulkat :
$1.23@1.25. Cori, aetivo at 89.062140. for NO. I,
and 573.4 e. for NO.?. Opts steady at 31 1 ,(fi1320.
Freights adxSile.e.4 114 Corn, lle. to riAlfttlo,
MO. Wines steady. consions firm.
Receipts. StOrr rkA t t i.
Flour, bb15..... 4,300 12,500
Wheat,l:oowi . • • 40,000 8,300
Oats' 198 03,01. ,000 , 3 83 , , 1:3 000
000
, 0
Lw-seituit; Sept.. 14.—Flour dull. Wheat
regulsr ; sales 96,000 bus at 137 , /,@1.41e.
RcciApts. Shipments.
Flour, barrels 1,500 1,700
Wheat, bushels ....59,01.9 50 000
ShipVews.
.losrorr, Sept.l4.—Arrived—bark Tidal Wave.
from Accra, Africa, Spoke, July 30% brig
Mol' b* V for the URN ceoMt.
Return Visit.
FRANCE
PORTUGAL.
Nzw Yom r, Sept. 14
or 4
200 do 510 01 . •
0.... 61
600 d
160 do s:3O 60.16
100 do 615 UO3
80 Ole & Tot 16 105
100 0 Sr. R R 11234
100 m do. Ch.... he;
500 rFL SF By.c 16— '9731
100 do 011 07
mitssACKUSETTS.
Pair/Sets from the Speech of Mon.
Charles Sumner, after he was Called
to Preside over the Republican Con
vention of the State of Massaehusetts,
September 14;1865.
FELLOW-CITIZENS: Called to preside over this
annual convention, 'where are brought to
gether the intelligence, the heart and the eon-
Science of Massachusetts—God bless her !—I
begin by asking you to accept nay thanks.
Gladly would I leave this post of honor to an•
other ; but I. obey your will. In what I have
to say I shall speak frankly. What has with
me become a habit is at this moment more
than ever a duty. Who can see peril to his
country and not cry out? Who can see that
good ship which carries the Republic and its
fortunes driving directly upon a lee-shore and
not shout to tile pilot, "Mind your helm?"
Apologies or roundabout phrases are out of
Place when danger threatens.
BDIANCIPATION NOT COMPLETE, 130 LONG AS THE
When last I addressed my fellow-citizens on
public affairs, at the close of the late Presi
dential
cienoor election, as we were about to vote for
Abraham _Lincoln and Andrew Johnson, I un
to show the absolute identity between
Slavery and the Rebellion, so that One COW
not end without the other. As I finished that
address, I said to friends near me, that it was
"my last Anti-Slavery speech." Iso thought
at the time; for I anticipated the speedy
downfall of the Rebellion, carrying with it
Slavery. I was mistaken. Neither the Re
bellion or Slavery is yet ended. The Rebel-.
lion has been disarmed • but that is all. Slave
ry has been abolished in name; but that is
all. As there is still a quasi Rebellion, so is
there still a quest Slavery. Tile wad; of
liberation is not yet completed. Nor can it be
Completed until the R l nai Rights of every
person, once claimed as a slave,_ are placed
• under the safeguard of, irreversible guaran
tees. It is not enough to strike down the
master ; you must also lift up the slave. It is
not enough to declare that Slavery is abol
ished.. The whole Blank Code, which is the
supplement Of Slavery, must give place to that
• Equality before the law, which is the very es
senee of Liberty. It is an old principle of the
common law, recognized by all our courts, as
announced by Lord Coke, .that " where the
il lo o. any one, that also
l is a w e
r g a r n a t n e t d e h w
iTra t il h t in I g Y the thing itselt
cannot be.” So also where a piece of land is
granted, which is shut in by the possessions of
, the grantor, a rigid of way is implied from
• comMou justice and the necessity of the
case. And then again, where the reason of a
law Ceases, the law itself ceases. So, also,
where the principal falls to the greUnd, the
incident falls also. But all these unquestion
able principles are fatal to the Black Code.
The Liberty that has been granted "cannot
be" if the Black Code exists. The - piece of
land that has been granted is useless without
that right •of way which is stopped up by the
Mack Code. The reason for the Black Code is
Slavery; and with the cessation of the reason
the whole Mack Code itself must cease also.
The Black Code is the incident of Slavery, and
it must fall with its principal. Unless this is
accomplished, you will keep the word of pro
mise to the ear and break it to the sense. You
will imitate those Creel quibbles, of which his-
Aory makes mention, where, by subtle equivo
cations, faith has been violated. You will do
little better than the Turk, who stipulated
with a certain person that his head should be
safe, and straightway proceeded to out him in
two at the middle ; or than those false Greeks
who, after promising to restore their captives,
kept their promise by restoring them dead.
LESSON FROM ETSSIAN EMANCIPATION.
There is a glorious instance in our own day,
which is an example for ua, when the Emperor
of Russia, by a Proclamation, fulfilling the as
pirations
of his predecessors, set frr.3 twenty
three millions of serfs, and then completed 7315
work by investing the freedmen with civil and
political rights, including the right to testify
in court, the right of suffrage, and tile right
to hold office; I have in my hand this bronco.
tal Proclamation, dated at Petersburg, rah
February, 1661, promulgated amidst prayers
and thanksgivings in all the churches of the .
national capital, and at once expedited to
every part of the widely-extended empire by
generals and staff officers of the Emperor
himself. Hero it is, in an official docu- 1
merit entitled Affrancassement des Serfs,. and
issued at St. Petersburg. After reciting '
that the earlier measures in behalf of
the serfs bad failed, because they had
been left to " the spontaneous initiative of the
proprietors the Emperor Proceeds to take
the work in hand as a soared legacy from his
ancestors, and delares the Serra, after an In.
terval of two. years. "entirely enfranchised.c
Meanwhile, that nothing might fail, " a special I
court" for serfs was created in each province,
charged with the organization of local govern-
ments, the adjustment of boundaries, and
generally to superintend the transition from
the Old to the New, - with "justices or the
peacec in each distrlct, froma on the
spot all questions arising Emancipation.
Had the work stopped here, it would have
been incomplete. nut no such fatal mistake
was made.
Accompanying the rrociamation is a series
of "regulations," prepared with infinite care,
and divided into chapters and sections—occu
pying no less than ninety-one pages in double
columns and small type—by which the rights
Of the freedmen are secured beyond question.
Beginning with the declaration that the freed
men "acquire the rights belonging to the con
dition of free farmers,"' they then proceed in
formal words to fix and assure their rights,
civil and political. By one section, it is pro
vided that " the article% of the Civil Code on
the rights and obligations of the family, are
extended to the freedmen.; that consequently
they acquire the right, without the authorizer
tion of the proprietor, to contract marriage,
and to make any arrangement whatever con
cerning • their family affairs; that they can
equally enter into all agreements and oblige
tionS authorized by the laws, as well with
the State as with individuals, on the condi
tions established for free- farmers; -that
they can inscribe themselves in the guilds,
and exercise their trades in the villages;
and they , can found and conduct factories
and establishments of commerce. Another
section secures to the freedmen the right of
acquiring and alienating property of all kinds,
according to the general law, andbesides,-
guarantees, on certain conditions, "the pos
session of their homesteads," ivith the grounds
appurtenant. Another section secures to the
freedmen complete Equality in-the courts, with
"the right of actionovhether civilly or crimi
nally, to commence process, and to ansvrei!
personally or by attorney ; to makecomplaint,
and to defend their rights by all the means
known to the law, and to appear as witnesses,
and as bag, conformably to the common law. ,,
Other sections secure to the freedmen Equality
in political rights, by providing, that "on the
organization of the towns, they shall he
entitled to take part in the .meetings and
elections for the towns, and to vote on town
affairs, and to exercise divers functions ;"
that they shall also "take part in the as-
senehlies ,for the district, and shall vote
on district attains, and choose the chairman,"
and generally to enjoy all rights to choose
their-local officers and to be chosen in tnrn.
And still another section authorizes the freed
men "to place their children in the establish
ments for public education, to embrace the
cower of instruction, or the scientific career,
or to take service in the corps of surveyors."
And it is further provided, that they "cannot
lose their rights or be restrained in their ex
ercise, except after judgment of the town
according to fixed rules." And still further,
that they "cannot be subjected to any punish
ment, otherwise than by virtue of ajudgment,
or according to the/egg decision of the town
to which they belong." Such are the safe.
r ardsby t hE r a
Emancipation in
Russia as
eencomdeaanc assue Suchles
son of the great Empire to the great Republic.
There is another object, kindred to security,
Or, perhaps, embraced in security; and that .a
the nationoL faith. This, toe,. must be placed
beyond cavil or even " suspicion." No nation
can be powerful enough to disregard this
sacred bond. Character, fame, and prosperity
itself are all dependent upon its observance.
lint the national faith is solemnly engaged,
first, to the national freedmen, and secondly,
to the national creditors. No undertaking can
be more complete and inviolable, because it
constituted the consideration for those ser
vices and supplies by which the life of the
public has been preserved. The national faith
is pledged.to the national freedinen t not only
by the act of Emancipation, which, in its very
essence and from the very nature of the case,
is a" warranty of title," but also by the plain
and positive promises of the Proclamation,
that the " Executive government of the United
S t ates, including the military and naval au
thority thereofmill recognize and maintain the
freedom of such, persons." Words could not be
more binding, and the history of their in
troduction testifies to their significance
and efficacy. They were not in the original
draft by President Lincoln, but were inserted,
at the suggestion of Mr. Seward, when the
proclamation was read to the Cabinet; and
there they stand without any limitation of
place or time, binding this Republic in its na
tional character, through its Executive, in
cluding the military and naval authority, not
only to recognize, but to Maintain the freedom ,
of the emancipated slave ; and this is to be
done, not in any special locality, but every
where, and not for a day or a year, but for all
time. Our obligation to the national creditors
19 of the same validity, approved by succes
sive acts of Congress, ratified -by the popular
will, and fixed beyond reeall by the actual en
joyment of those precious fruits for which the
debt was incurred. Repudiation of our bonds,
whether to the national creditors or to the
national freedmen, would be a shame and a
crime; and the national faith is irrevocably
plighted to the two alike. Here is the Pro
clamation, and here is the Treasury Note.
Look at the signatures and look at the
terms. The former is signed by the President
himself, Abraham Lincoln ; the latter is
signed by an unknown clerk, whose name
cannot tieeypher. The former is stronger and
more positive in its terms than the latter,
The Treasury Note simply says that it is "re
deemable " after a certain date, and that " this
debt is authorized by Act of Congress.” The
binding terms of the Proclamation, which I
have already read, are solemnly enforced by
that memorable invocation atthe close "And
upon this act, sincerely believed to be an act
or Justice warranted by the Constitution upon
military necessity, I invoke the considerate
judgment of mankind and the gracious favor
of Almighty God." Thus religion comes to
confirm the pledge with sanctions' of its own.
That pledge is as enduring as the idepublia
itself.
Such are tile 'suntans objects now at heart—
the National Security and the- Ncdienal Milk or
the two absorbed into one, Security for the.
future.
THE DIKES OF HOLLAND.
And here allow me topresent en illustration,
I.4illeSS I mistake.will'Make our duty
Clcro. You do not forget the immense add
costly dikes, built by :Holland against the
sea; put, perhaps, yon, may not call to mind
their origin and lincrtunee. Before these
embankments were. constructed the whole
country was in conskirit danger; At an early
period there was, an irkiiiition which de.
stroyed no less: than forty-Mar
follbWed very soon by another' which 'de.
stroyed eightz thousand. lives,. In the 'lsth
century there, was still. another which swept
away one hundred thousand persons—a
terrible ssenifiee, even greater in
_pro
portion to. the population of liollated at
that tinie„than what we have beep called to
bear from the bloody irrupyion of Slavery. At
last - &e,. dikes were constructed as Safeguards,
and down tthis day they are preserved at a
large. annuM cost. Breeautions of , all kinds
are alAperadded. speeial corps of engineers,
educated at Delft; is eonstantly employed in
the work of renovation. Watchmen patrol the
walls, and alarm-bells are ready to ring. The
gratitude of the people shows itself even to
its unconscious protectors; and the stork,
glitch, resting here on his slight from Africa,
destroys the verinin thalweaken and sap tire
dikes is held in veneration so that to kill a
stork' 113 looked upon as little less than a
crime. Such are some of the defences by
svhicb gel/uui ig , guerded s is t der
_ .
THREE CENTS.
from the Sea . . But how petty is her danger
Compared with ours! We too must have our
dikes, with engineers to keep them strong—
with watchmen to patrol them—with alarm
bells to ring; and we too must have our storks
to destroy the vermin that weaken and sap
our embankments.
ova UlstlU; AMR QII.ARA'NTEIZ
What Shall be our defences? now shall WO
guard against destructive irruptions; And
whore shall we establish our security for the
future? Our embankments must not be of
earth. Wails of stone will not do. Towers,
ramparts, and buttresses will be impotent
against our vindictive tide. The security , we
seek must be found in organic Law with ,rre
versible guarantees; and these irreversible guaran
tees must be co-extensive with the danger.
THE NATIONAL DEBT THREATENED.
FrOM all quarters conies the warning , .
Trost not their mesents, nor admit the
horseP , From all quarters comes the testi. ,
moray.
IREEPERSIRLE GUARANTEES.
Again, I say, forewarned Is forearmed. Sure
ly there can be no limits to our resistance
"when such spirits are seeking to capture the
National Government ; but beyond that gene
ral resistance which must make us postpone
the day of surrender, and invoke the protec
tion of Congress, *0 must insist upon special
gtectreadees in the organic law.
UNITY BP TUE REPUBLIC,
(1.) As the Rebellion began with front
sion that a State might withdraw the
the Union, it is plain that the Unity of the Re
public must be affirmed—not indirectly but
directly 3 not as in Mississippi, by simply de
claring the late act of secession null android;
but, as in Missouri, where the relations of the
State to the Union are thus frankly stated:
." That this State shall ever remain a member
of the American Union ; that the people thereof
are a part of the American Nation ; that every
citizen owes paramount allegiance to the Con
stitution and Government of the United States;
and that no law or ordinance of this State, in
contravention or subversionthereof, ead have
any binding force." In contrast with this
plain renunciation, the proceedings of Missis
sippi have no more certainty than the com
mon saying, " Large as a piece of chalk." As
security for the-future, they are nothing—ab
• solutcly nothing. And permit me to Say, that
the whole Convention, so far as we have been
informed, was little better than a rebel Con
spiracy to obtain political power.
u.-v,m , ItANCITISENENT.
( 1 2.) AS tile rebellion WU' wags 4 in denial of
the Equal Rights Of the colored race, it ie essen
tial notonly that Slavery should he renounced,
but also that all men should be hailed as equal
before the law, and this enfranchisement must
be both civil and political: Unless this is done,
the Condition of the freedman will be most
deplorable, Exposed to all manner of bru
tality, ho will not be heard as a witness against
his oppressor. Compelled to pay taxes, he
will be excluded from all representation in the
Government. Without this security, Emanei-
Pation is illusory. It is a. jack-a-lantern, which
the poor -slave will pursue in vain. Even if
slave.* cease to exist, it Will give place to an
other condition hardly less galling. Ateeerding
to the poet, there are different'`circles" in
hell, each with its own terrible torments, and
the unhappy African will only escape from
one of these into another. And all this will be
beyond correction or remedy . , if not at the out
set guarded agairst by organic law.
111. -THE STATIONAL DEBT,
(3.) as the national debt was incurred for the
suppression Of the rebellion, this too must be
fixed beyond rein: s al. Unless this is done, it is
evident, from reason as well as front testi
- molly, that the representatives of the rebel
States will coalesce with others for its reputli•
felon. Mississippi, which leads in the present
effort to capture the national capital, is the
original author of repudiation. Out of the
legislative halls - of this State the monster
sprang, `Filers was its birth. It will be aim-
DIY true to its past history, as well as to its
present animosities, when this State leads in
the repudiation of the national debt. N °thing
short of madness will allow it any such oppor
tunity. No rebel State should be readmitted
unless bound irrevocably to the support of the
national tlebt and the payment of the interest
thereon.
IV.-ASSIIMPTION dr THE HEBEI. DEBT KEST BE
(4). The assumption of the rebel debt must be
positively forbidden. Already ex-rebels
upon its payment. Such voices come from
Mississippi and Virginia. Es rebel neWSPa!
pers,. whose editors have taken the oath of
allegiance, uphold this debt. But Congress
hes already led the way in denouncing it. For
a State to assume this criminal obligation
Werald be oppressive to the people, and espe
cially to the freedmen, It WollitON ( -Train
upon the resources of the State. It would he
an insult to the 'whole country. This debt,
whether at home or abroad,. has been incurred
for the support of the rebellion ' and must be
treated accordingly. It is a part the crime.
Here, too, there mat be a guarantee.
S.-RATIONAL PEACE AND TRANQUILLXVVI
IMAM:TRH IMPARTIAL RUPPRACIR.
(5.) As the national peace and tranquillity de
pend essentially upon the overthrow of mo
nopoly and tyranny, here is another occasion
for a. Speejal gilaranteo against the whole pre
tension of color. No rebel State den be re.
admitted with this controversy , still raging,
and ready to break forth. So long as it con
tinues the land will refuse its increase. Agri
culture and business of all kinds will be uncer
tain, and the country will be handed over to
a fearful struggle, with the terrors of St. DO
mingo to darken the prospect. In shutting
out the freedman from his equal rights at the
ballot-box, yow open the doors of discontent
and insurrection. Cavaignao, the patriotic
President of the French Republic, met the
present ease when, speaking for France, he
said : u I do not believe repose possible, eitibil!
in the present or the future, except so far as
you found your political condition on univer
sal suffrage, loyally, sincerely, completely ac
cepted and observed." (Momteire, 21 Hay, 1850 I
p. 1761.) It is only impartial suffrage that
claim, without distinction of oolor, so that
there shall be one equal rule for oilmen, And
this, too, must be placed under the safeguard
of constitutional law.
9.1.-EDITOAMION OF THE PEOPLE
(64 Its the Education. cy' the people is essential
to the national welfare, and especially to the
development of those principles of justice
and morality which constitute the- only sure
foundation of a "republican governtrusut,! ,
and as, according to the census, an. immense
proportion of, the people of the rebel States,
without distinction of color cannot read and.
write, it is obvious tbat public schools-naust be
established for the equal good of all: The ex,
ample of Massachusetts must be followed,
which, after declaring in its Constitution- that
"wisdom and knowledge, as well as- virtue,
diffused generally among the bodyof the peo
ple, are necessary . forthe preservation of their
rights and •libertleS," ptoceeds to direct the
Legislature and magistrates, hi all future re ,
rinds, "to cherish the interests of literature
and the seiences,” and especially "public
schools and grammar, schools in the towns."
All -this must enter into our work of recon
struction, and become one of our guarantees.
t•tisceue.kr. YOINTS..IVATS tin TO OBTAIN.
GLIAUANTBUS,
In obtaining these guarantees there are cer
tain practical points which must not be attire.
gard ed. Knowing what we need, and satisfied.
with regard to the powers of the National
Government, the path will be easy. As there
are ways to obtain guarantees, so, also, there
are ways not to obtain them.
And first, of the ways not to obtain them.
(I.)irreversible guarantees cannot be oh
tallied by haste. Nu State must be precipitated
back to the Union. Precipitation back will be
hardly less fatal than that original precipita
tion which plunged the country into the abyss
of war. when a mate is readmitted, it beemnea
practically independent. Therefore prudence,
care, and watchfulness will be needed to see
that the National interests are not imperilled
by any sudden transformation.
(2.) Irreversible guarantees cannot be ob
tained Merely by Executive acting, Some.
thing more is needed. No President can safely
say, The State—it is I." Ile is only a part of
the State, and, on this account, there is a new
motive to reserve. What he does is subject to
the correction of Congress, and therefore can
not be final.
(3.) Irreveraiblegearentees cannot be obtain
ed by Wieling to the prejudice of colas, and insist
ing wpon a separation of the races. A voice frmn
the West—God save the West!—revives the ex
ploded theory of colonization, partly to divert
attention from the great question of Equal
Rights, To that \Tice I reply, first, you ought
not to do it; and, secondly, yeti cannot do it,
You ought not to do it, because, besides its in
trinsic and fatal injustice, you will thus de
prive the country of what it most needs, which
is labor. Those freedmen, on the spot, are bet
ter even than mineral wealth. Each is amine,
out of wlicen. riches can be drawn, provided
von let him share the product. And through
him that general industry will be established
which is better than anything but virtue, and
is, indeed, a form of virtue. It is vainto sax that
this is the country of the "white man." It is
the eelintry of Man, Whoever itisownS any
member of the Huiii3n Family as Brother, 4115-
owns God as Father, and thus becomes impi
ous as well as inhuman. It is the glory of Re.
publican Inatitutions that they give practical
lona to this irresistible principle. If anybody
is to be sent away, let it be theguilty, and not
the innocent. The exile of leading rebels will
be a public .good. As long as they continue
here they , will resist the establishment of gua
rantees• but it is little short of madness to
think of exiling loyal persons, whose 'strong
arms are needed, not only for the cultivation
Of the soil, but also for the protection of the
Government itself:
(4.) Irreversible guarantees cannot be ob
tained by oaths. Al oaths are uncertain. Po.
litieal oaths have become a proverb, whether
in England or France. They have been taken
freely, and have been broken without hesita
tion, The Mnalleset in reply to the Emperor
Barbarossa, said, "1 on had our oath, but we
never swore to keep it." Our rebels have been
openly taught the same duplicity. They have
been told authoritatively, that the oath was,
unconstitutional, and, therefore, not bindin_g ;
and so they take it easily. nut wit° can find a
guarantee in such a performaneei A Swedish
priest lately poisoned the sacramental wine,
and so these counsellors have poisoned this
sacred obligation. But if an oath be taken,
it must not atop with the support of the
Proclamation •of EmancipatiOn. It must
embrace all those other objects of guarantee,
including especially the rights of the National
freedmen, and of the National erettitota; Elie&
of these will be a test of loyalty. But at a mo
ment like the present, at the close of a'• fero
cious rebellion, when hatred and
_passion are
only pent-tip and not extinguished, an oath is
little - better than a cotton thread for a cable
to hold a frigate scourged . by a northwester.
The , llonandere
I4lght• as well undertake to
sweareach..tudtvidual wave that beats upon
their coasts, They did better. They made
dikes. I! , 3one to swear a peade," bays con
stance, most, scornfully, as she denounced an
• oath of:pretended reconeiUationt • And shall
!we be content merely Whet); our rebel!!! "SWear,.
'a peaae.l o .
WAYS TO OBTAIN OVABANTNES.
Such ere some of the naiades to be rejected!.
And xioW, in the secoriik'Plaoe,' consider the
ways in which guarantees DILLY be obtain Ii
.(1.1 , _Vela isnecenary t Mora must ue nt4,pre
. Won. Tints •Is. the gentlest but Meat
Powerful, reioluticlabat. the, anrest
refqrther. Time is. a peacemaker. Time is
necessary to growth., and it is an element of
change. Forinit.ty years and more this wick
. earwig+ wee maths:lila'. Who can' sew that the
same time will not be needed now to mature
the Conditions of permanent peeael Who can
say that a generation must not elapse before
these r epot coMmUnities have been so far
changed as tobectime safe assoolatcs in a com
mon gorervinenti ' Plainly, this cannot be
done at mum.' 'Wellinon exclaimed, ".Would
that night 01 ' Blucher ad Time alone
was a suhrtltute for a powerful ally. It Wag
more through time than battle. that La Yeto
dee was changed into loyalty. Time, there
fore, we must have.' Tlarou_gli time all other
guarantees may be obtained but time itself is
a gUarillitee.
PIIESENT BNOLNISION OF alitraS NUM POLITICAL
( 2 .) ge.anlqiiit IVe 7 7 .1U 8 .119Pg Ctmraa in the
TUE WA.I3. PRESS.
(PUBLISHED WEEKLY.)
THE SPAR PRESS will be sent to subscribers dr
mat (per annum In advanco,)
Five copies I.* 00
Ten copies 210 011
Larger clubs than Ten rail be charged at the um%
rate, 6a,00 per copy.
money moat always accosts:Will the order. ea
In no instance can these terms he deviated from, 111
they afford very little more than the cost of paper.
Aar- Postmasters are requested to set as agenti
for TUE Wert Passe.
Aar To the getter.%) or the Club or ten or tWentri
an Amara coy of the.paper will he given.
• -"""
pies setxt exclusion of all veld:: ,from political
yr. They must not, be voted for and they
'net Vote, On. this principle take my
mustsane. Let them buy and sell ; let them. tilt
the g .„ nind 'Thesed may be industrious and..
~,,,cooss.. on thingsthey may- di:pi but
he admitted
they mu et not at once into the co
po,.toor, hip of our Government. As well
might the respectable Mr. Ketchum re-instate
p a ce the firm which he bee he
bis son at
tra3,efli ant Invest hirei Again with all the
co-partner. The : father received
powers of a .
Isis so n w i t h parental erection, and forgave
bim • but he G 'id not invite the criminal to re
s
oya, his form, 1r desk in Wall street. And yet
hid - weed Retain
on an unprece( ire, who had robbed and forged.
tented scale, ie as worthy Of
trust in the old L
Anking-heuse as our rebei
In
the government e
f the country. Along pro.
button will be nee
ded before either eat. ne ad.
muted to his forte erfell-awe/AP. The state of
gutluunw is the p ros , silt condition of each, anii
this contlitiAh hetet net be eiletily relaxed ,
Congress has alrece I,F set the 0M5 ,171 .0 6 by ex'
eluding from "any lfitee of honor or proftt
under the GOvernmen 't of the United States,"
and also by excluding ' as_, counsellor at laW' l
from any• court of the u nit ed States, every
person who g i ven 4. - add or countenance's
totho Tiotionionj or 0 has sought or ae.
tinder it, or whet
eepted any office whatevi
e voluntary support."
has yielded to it any
By this aet, (July ed, , tnil the supplemen.
Dow act, all rebels are de vred from holding
office under the United Stt ties nr from prac.
tieliig is the, courts of the Un atatea, This
excluelon, thus sanctioned hI • C6l,iiit6e,ii, mus
It
t
the pole-star of our Nati "nai_PolleY•
rebels cannot be officers under C. 'u''uovernmenz i
they ought not to be voters. They should be po.
litically disfranchised, purely a nd simply as a
measure of self-defence, and in older to pre.
pare the - way for those guarantet 18 which we
seek. "Vipers cannot use their vt Meta In tile
cold.) , These are words of politics, Toisdem as
well as of scientific truth and a gee' it italiaa
writer did not hesitate to inculcate Ltenl them
the same lesson that I do now.
Surely recent rebele who led in meeesslorr
mid held office under the reWhon live poor
engineers to rally these communities' 44 the.
support of the national freedmen and the eft.
Banal creditors, and generally to the establish.
meet of these guarantees which are essential
to security. Reason and experleitee warnmet
tO postpone our trust in any sucKpersonSK
Overcome in battle, they wrap themselves 12,
professions of loyalty, confirmed by an oath,
"As they who, to he sure of Paradise,
Dying, put on the weeds of Dominic,
Orin Franciscan think to pass disguleied.ii
.
- But cliaractOr not changed In a day, and
that "Southern hearth Wli felt was died t?
againnt the Union still preserves its vindietitre
violence. Even if for a moment ccni trolled,
who can toll how long it will continue in this
mood's There in an exquisite fable of La Fon.
taine, where a cat was tin iked into a beautiful
woman i but on the night of her marriage,
bearing the sound of a mouse on the liner,
she sprang from the bed with all box' original
feline nature; and so a rebel, turned. by
an oath into a loyalist, will suddenly start
in full cry to run down a National freed.
man or a National creditor. So strong is nee.
turO. Tinian tells us; Drive it out with a
Pitchfork, and it 1011 return. TherafOre, I In
sist, do nor put political trust in that man
who has been engaged in warring upon his
country. I do not ask his punishment. I
would not be harsh. There is nothing hUttlane
which I would reject. I am for gentleness. I
am for a velvet glove; but l wish the hand_ for
awhile of Iron, Onfenn that I have Me
sympathy with those hypocrites of magnani.
nifty, whose cry for the rebel master is only tL
barbarous indifference towards towards the
slave. Pardon if you will. Nobody shall out.
do me in clemency. But do not trust the rebel
politically. The words of Shakspeare do not
picture too strongly the &eget of any such
attempt:
thou might' st hold a serpent by the tongue,
A skLolens lion by the mortal taLLW,
A fasting tiger by the teeth
M keep in pence that bawl tooth,
thou dolt hold."
Arruct Tn tilt tutnntonNT.
Such are practical points to be Ohtinl9Vad ill
obtaining tile much needed guarantees. Gen.
gross Will soon be in ;session, and to its coons.
geons action, in the exercise of unquestionable
powers,we nll look with 'hope and trust. Mean.
while, the President, as commander-in-chief,
has large military powers, which may be ox.
excised without control until the Meeting of
Congress. To him I now appeal. Speaking
from this platform—surrounded by this eon
course of his friends—and giving voice to the
sentiments of my heart, in harmony with the
sentithhlits of MagiitleilUSEM, I cannot fail In
respect or honor, Whileladdneee him with thee
Plainness which 'belongs to Republican Ina*.
Gene.
" Sir, your power is vast. A word from yoil,
may make au epoch. It may advance at once
the cause of Univellial Civilization, or it may
quicken anew the Satanic energies of a feerful
Barbarism. it may give assurance of security
and reconciliation for the future, cr it may
scatter uncertainty and distrust, while it post
pones that Truce of God, which is the loagleg
of our hypes. As your power ee vast, so is
your responsibility, Mt, we entreat yeti, so
that our country may have no fkoali sorrow.
'Do not hazard Emancipation, which is the
day-star of our age, and the special jewel in
the crown of your martyred predecessor, by
any concession to its enemies. Do not put is
jeopardy' all that we hold meet slonr, by =3f
premature attempt to bring back into tee cu
partnership of the National. Government*
any of these ancient associates, who have
warred upon their country.. Let them
wait. You have said that treason is
crime,' and not merely a difference of
opiniou. Do not let the criminate beat
sway. Congress has alremly set the es.
ample of excluding' them. For the present
follow Congress. Follow the Constitution.
also, which knows no distinction of color, and
cle not sacrifice a whole race by resuscitating
an ateeneive Meek Code, ineonelatent WWI Ote
National Security and. the. National Faith.
There also is the Declaration of Indeendeneee
which now shines like the sun, rejoicing to
penetrate every cabin, and every y-way, if
you will not stand in its light. Above all, do
net take frOnetbe loyal black man and give
to the dieloyal lyllit6-• man do not conikiellte
the political rights of the freedman, whO hag
shed Die blood for us, and lavish. them upog
his rebel master. And remember that justio
to the colored race is the' sheetetnehor of the
national debt."
.
epeakiirr• always with the same 'frankness, I
ask leave ° to say Melly to tile Secretary of
War.
"Sir, there is room still for year energies'
That region, which headmen won- to Union and
Liberty - by the victory which you organized,
must not be allowed to lapse under its ancient
masters, the perjured asserters of property 1.12
man. It Must not he abandoned Let it PP
held by arms, until it smiles with the eliarith3a
of life and all its people are guarded by an int*
penetrable shield.
And still speaking with the same frank7loM
I ask leave to press one controlling cou,ntern
tion upon the Seelidary of the Treasury;
e sir, you aro tho guardian Of the national
finances. Use the peculiar intinenee which
belongs to this position, so that nothing shall
be done to impair the national credit. See to
it especially that no person in any rebel com.
munity is admitted toj . )olitleal power wile,
will spurn the National Faith, sacredly plight
ed to the national freedmen as well as to the na.
tional creditor. Such lathe ordinance of Provi.
dance, that the fortunes of the twoarejoined in.
separably together. Credit is sensitive. It needs
'tliatiall the resources of the country should be
'brought into activity—that agriculture should.
be fostered—that commerce should be re..
vived...that erninratieri S hould Do encouraged ;
but this cannot be clone - withoat that s ecuo.itY
which is found in equal laws and a contented.
people. The farmer, the merchant, the emi.
grant, must each feel secure. Land, capital.,
and labor are of little value, except on this es.
, sential condition. The loyal people, who have
contributed so much, and now hold your
bonds trust that this essential conditiect wilt
not fail through any failure on your part and.
that you will not consent to open a political
volcano in a vast region whose first necessity. -
is peace. There is an order in all things, and.
m
any con
elon to rebels before security is the
cart before the horsa."
For myself, fellow-citizen, pardon me if I
say that my course is fixed. Others may hesi
tate ; others may turn away from those great
truths, which make the far-reaching bright.
ness of the Republic ! others nlaY Seek a tem
porary favor by it tetilVirary surrender,
shall not. The victory of blood, which Min
been so painfully won, must be confirmed by
a greater victory of ideas, so that the renown
ed words of Abraham Lincoln may be fulfilled,
and "Ws Nation under God 5111111 have a new
birth of Freedom, and government of the 1180
pie, by the people, and for the 'people, shall not
perish from the earth." To this end I seek no
merely formal Union, seething with smother
ed curses, but a practical, moral, and politi
cal Unity, founded on common rights,
knit together by 00111131011 interests, mat
inspired by a common faith, whet% Our
Constitution, interpreted anew, shall be A
covenant with life and a league with Ilea.
yen, and Liberty shall be everywhere not
only a right but a duty. John Brown, on hie
way to the seatroid,where ho was to atone with
life far a deed of self.sacriflog, stooped to take
up a slave Child. That closing Dot was this le:
gacy of the dying man to his country. Time
benedietionwe must continue and fulfil. The
last shall be first; and so, in this new order,
Equality, long postponed, 'shall become the
master principle of our System and the. verq .
frontispiece of our Constitution. The Hebeis
lion was to beat down this rielitelpie by found.
ing a government on the alleged "Inferioritsr
of a race." Taking up the gauntlet, I now insist
that the insolent assumption of the conspire.
tors shall not prevail. Tide is not the first time
that I have battlod with the Istvoarisin of
Slavery. I battle still, as the bloody monatet
retreats to its last citadel, and, GOil
I mean "to light it out on this line, if it takes"'
what remains to me of life.
lin. Deco Leis DnATri Arrtlyn &ILL.—The
following is an extract from a letter to a gen
tleman of Washington, dated Mellourne,
trolia, June 25,18135:
We have a telegram from Adellide, giving
the sad news Of the aSSASSination of President..
,Lincoln, the attempt on Afr. nayard. l s life*
and the snrrender 'of tile rchel,entieral Lea
and his army. " cannot descrihe the Benefit.,
tion this important news had occasioned'.
Sympathy is etpressed on all sides at the un
tiraelY fate of the President, and. horror at
the perpetration of so ilreadail,a crime"
Tho American residuntS Win 03080 theig'
phiees of business to4norrow, and wear crepe
on the left arm for thirty dtwa, out Of respect
for Dlr. Lincoln's memory..
I look for the papers wits Retails of the rims.
mentous occurrences, and trust that this *LIU
I> the closing scene of tne terrible domestics
tistgady 'MIMI has been enacted olkthe stage
fife during the peat NW Pam J. U. •
Tau CINCINNATI rOBTdtaPFICN:.-The Te 00114,4
~ of the post , oilice in Cincinnati forahe
,year ending aline 20, are asfollows: Quarter
ending September Cry 18(34,017,37N quarter end
,ing Oetaber Si, 18114 c 400,8074 f i quarter 'ending
March 31,180', $52 gc,11.70; quarter ending 4;unc,
30,1805, i1t.50,765„00 1 1;&ral for this year, gi . X3,600..
The amount re ;Ted for reg leered bittern,
4y
which cost twe Cents eaen °Very domes
tic letter, and 4.1 e cents emit forthoselhat go
out of the ce ,WORy, is, for the •year,l l Bo2s. The
receipts for DOA rents 1126 TollOWe't Quarter
ending Se‘mber 30,1sed, s2,loo,lkl34omber
a 1,1864, 443 t Nara al, 1b65 4 $3,708,44); June so
3805, 110,944 tat, $1300,20.' The expenses OE
the office were about 00,000. Tha net amount
handed Byer to theccorernment, after the pay.
inent offs snowiest For the quarter ena 1 ..1 1 .5
septemberltels.g),6o6.B2 ; December Si, les-%
$86,520,14 I Ifarela 31,1865, $14,116,00; June 30,1805,
841,010.9 t ; tOtal, $180,607.83.
OlfGprand.t. HlSWitte.=2S."correspondent of the
Charleston Charier, writing froM Sumpter.
119 whole oouutry may be eon.
grattlated upon thweelection made by the 90-
vernmertt ofGeneral Howard as chief of the
Freedmen's Bureu. There is scarcely any
position which at this time is invested with.
hisber responsibilities or more arduous duties;
no poSitienWhich a blunderer could do
more harm, or an osio, weminforandi AnaPao.
WOO ingigolnA scow:01)1M wore iciaWt