PRE.S.
0. 1, r
pima' (SUNDAYS EXCEPTED)
'LI`.4JOIIN W. FORNEY.
r icg, .No. 131 talCrit FOURTH. STREET.
111 E DAILY PRESS,
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fled to SubBCriber 5, F oun DOLLARS PER AN
. in :Mysore . •
Vrts
RIDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1865.
THE NEWS•
cods the Government sixty thousand d9l
- advertise undelivered letters. This is
Iv a ll a tot a l loss, as only twenty-five per
of the letter , : a re ever (tidied for and paid
The rostina,ter General has determined
to , ews paper:.. who advertise the list
one cent per name. If they refuse to
ish diem at this rate, then he will have
printed. and posted in conspicuous places
,e t litterent towns.
baying been represented that the at
abductions of George N. Sanders
Pr otupted by a proclamation of the Pre
it is proper to state that no such pro
etion bas been issued, with the exception
e One Of Nay -2lst, - which offered a reward
pros_ condition that the apprehension
place within the limits of the United
Mumford, one of the alleged bank
eat ors, who was charged with attempting
*2
fraud Greenleaf, Norris, Co. of 8,000,
eel' a forged Check on the Mechanics'
c:was honorably discharged on Wedues
i-o fraud was proven against him. When
incision of the court was announced, Mr.
ford trembled violently.
~„ pod Hospital, Situated on the country
f Corcoran, the banker, is the only pub-
of that kind which will be re
eti jn the vicinity of Washington. It will
a bly be used Hs a home for disabled
sol-
The other hospitals are now being sold
writ two-thirds of their original cost.
enlisted. inen of the Veteran Reaei:Va
Dare petitioned. the President, asking
discharged. President Johnson has re
ed the mutter to Gen. Grant, though it was
fight the General approved the petition
rc it was sent to the .President.
we have of the rapid progress
le cholera over Europe, and its probable ad
t on our own shores before many weeks or
Iths hare elapsed, render the article on the
lode we print eh.‘'ewhere of peculiar into-
. Cornell Jewett has written a letter to
New York News, in which he informs
Raymond-ami Weed that they must be
;fired to give him "satisfaction or death,
ror satisfaction," upon his return from
we.
Went Steedman, commandant in Georgia,
ceinsed to allow persons who have net,
.11 the oath, to receive letters, packages,
A rebel guerilla, named Captain Kirke,
yea sbot by his guard, whilst he was in
a. Cause not stated. ,
train, isideli left Nashville on Wednesday,
al south, collided with n
. freislit train,
near Dalton. _Both trains were cora
l)* demolished. it is not known how
y were murdered', though it is feared that
, limber will prove very large.
Btipllens, of Georgia, brother of A.
tiphens, has received a pass, it is said,
the War Department to visit the rebel
President, who is now in confinement at
Warren.
tern Colorado, between the 'Rocky mortn
., anti litali ; and through which the Pacific
!road i 5 to run, is rich in coal, petroleum,
uo says a geological exploring el:-
idea which has just returned to Denver.
,e wife if Lewis Wash in gton, a relative of
father of his Comitry, and a resident of
ice, l'ireiuia , LS in Washington, endeavor
-10 have her farm, which was confiscated
he Government, returned to her.
igadier General Marcus J. Wright and
.eel , A 111 ('3 - , late of the rebel army, were
O. on Wednesday, in Memphis, Tennes
to answer an indictment for treason in the
det Court, found in int.
t:,icatent reeently made by the New York
that the Consul General of Switzerland
Teeeive contributions for Wit; is indig
:y iit•nied by that person.
nit cake of Internal Revenue, from Au
-IE 4 to t!tall inclusive, the receipts amount
, i• ;±,a16,411.32.
)ecial despatch published elaewhere gives
of a Imbiber of regiments recently
:aged by order of the Secretary of War.
leral Meade Rua staiT have arrived at Port
is trial will be resumed to-day
e money and stock market was active
relay. The transactions in 'Government
were large. _Reading advanced %; Penn
anhi was steady at 57X, and Camden and
oy, 1.27. Gold closed at BP.M. at 14-11. e..
twlsintrs were less active yesterday, and
'at and corn unsettled and rather lower.
:citron bark is scarce awl-in demand. Cot'
continues dull ai former rates. Sugar is in
demand at full prices. In provisions there
the or nothing doincr. Whilky is in better
AN SLAVERY IN NEW MEXICO.
e Santa Fe (New Mexico) Weekly
b.., of August :3, publishes a series of
cial orders, which show that the practice
'hag captive Indians into slavery has
papetuated in that Territory uli to
prc , eut time, but that our Government
:turtnined to suppress this barbarous
sm. The first is an order from the
-Mud, dated June 9, 188:5, stating that,
thmequence of information "that In
s in New Mexico have been seized and
Iced into slavery," measures shall be
/1 1 G discountenance this practice and
take all lawful meanS to suppress the
e." The s econd• is an order from the
celery of the Interior directing the Cora
isuer of Indian Affairs to authorize
i4ll Agents to " discountenance the
.tite mentiorrE.P-stml to report all at
Pis to continue it. The Commissioner
ntlian Affairs having transmitted these
rs to the Superintendent of Indian
tis at Santa Fe, that official publishes
n. with the accompanying
NOTICE.—In conseqnence of the Cori
, of the foregoing communieations, and
oliellee to the law upon the subject, all
rd Slates 'lndian agents in this Territory
lereby potoitively instructed and required
o:dlow any citizen of this Territoryto par
.; rade for, or sell tiny captive Indians, of
fx tribe, as the transaction would be es
ially in violation of the law and against the
, 1 of liberty of our: ystem of government.
1. tau: time. al t.,rhite citizens are noti-
Lot to continne said trade in Indian cap
;Qt. my effort,l will he hereafter cm
", ;11 alqitillg and preventing the trafria
Pk , / to and in cari:yino out the law and
truetions on the subject.
n Snare DELGAno,
SITt. Indian Affairs New Mexico.
t ( Aitomed as we, are on the Atlantic
foal to speak and think of the red Men
a historical TiACC it reiluires an
re:flize that on our western frau_
allempts are stilt being made to en
tiant7 and that they are attacking
•
of our new settlements and emigrant
fiercely as they attacked the early
41 s of the original Atnerican colonic&
ITER FROM " OCCASIONAL.”
WAsnmoTos, Aug - tist 31, 1.9G5.
'lir information conveyed by your
"Montezuma," in Tile Press of
4t y, is eon - firmed, it will disarrange the
lili ons an d projects of many who be
cal that Maximilian would take "French
of his new empire at an early day ;
in that event, that A merican influence
be invited to make a formal attempt
organize a people who, from the clown
r;'. Montezuma IT. and the Spanish con
' I hy Cortez in 15:15, have been subjected
most dreadful sufferings, consequent
the tyrannie--: of the invaders, the
I]sraction of the natives, and the
Ilion and treachery of their military
Vhtical chieftains. But the predie
and the hoNie have been disap
101 . The. Mexicans, pressed by su
numbers, wc;diened by the incom
licY, and I fear the corruption of
Yof their leaders, have succumbed to
I, ign Power, which, instead of holding
:aid on account of recent events, has
•used its vigilance and its forces, and
fiAtowed up its advantages to what
leaks like the complete extinction of
influence' in Mexico. Time will
- what use Louis 'Napoleon will make
is conquest. His new Convention
England, scaled during the rebel
as a sort of mutual preparation
defence, leaves him master of the
tion in Mexico, and may or may not
de him to fortify himself against a Go
on:at which lies so long held France
• cud, and complete his dream of rimi
ng! early Spaniards in the dazzling
' of bringing distant colonies under
'01:c. France has always envied the
es; of Great Mitain hi the work of
ration—and India and Australia are
to he set off by Algiers and Mexico.
•ther the acquisition or conquest of
latter will not tax the energies of
6 Napoleon beyond their strength
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VOL. 9.-NO. 28.
and will not give new life to the
organizations against him at home, are
matters of fruitful speculation. Even his
great uncle scarcely entered upon a more
stupendous undertaking. To control a
country covering a much larger and wider
territory than France, occupied by popula
tions which have never been successfully
governed by any but their ancient chiefs,
and so accustomed to misrule and revolu
tion as to be strangers to order, is
indeed a colossal enterprise ; and its
difficulty is increased as we think
of the precarious tenure of the Emperor's
own hold upon power ; the sleepless
jealousy of his European neighbors, and
the profound and resolute hostility of the
American people against the establishment
of monarchial institutions on these shores.
It is with this latter element that our Go
vernment has had to deal during a long
and bloody insurrection. But for this
rebellion Napoleon had never ven
tured the experiment of the conquest
of Mexico ; and it is now clear that but for
the caution and forbearance of the foreign
policy of Mr. Lincoln, we might have un
consciously reinforced the rebels in such a
way as to jeopardize our whole cause, with
the certainty of losing Mexico itself. The
first act of Mr. Lincoln in regard to our
sister Republic was to recognize Benito
Juarez as the constitutional President,
and this has been the status of our
Government ever since. The Monroe doc
trine, though clearly the sentiment of the
American people, could not be enforced for
the protection of Juarez owing to our own
internal strifes. At no time, indeed, have
we been prepared to go to the length de
manded by the decided supporters of
that " declaration." Mr. Calhoun, who,
apart from his own hobby, was often
a far-sighted and practical statesman, de
clared that we could never enforce it with
out being ready for a war with the great mili
tary powers, and in this view he was second
ed by others. The subject is one of much
interest, and will awaken the most animated
discussion. One good result to ourselves
ought to be certain. The fall of Mexico
into the hands of the French ought to go
far to restore the old kindness between the
people of the North and the South. The
Duke Gtvin and others of his school may
seek the refuge and take the rewards of
Maximilian, but the Southern masses will,
I think, find in the success of Louis Na
poleon's ambitious plan, a strong invoca
tion to unity with those against whom
they have lately been contending.
OCCAStOXA.L.
LETTER FROM MEXICO.
!Correspondence of Tice Press.]
EL PASO, STATE OF CHIHUAHUA, MExtc.o,
July 20, Irlos
After an absence from this place for nearly
twelve months, I have Just returned to El Paso
from a visit to the heart of Mexico, comprising
the States of Chihuahua, Nuevo Leon, Coahilo,
Durango, Zaceteeita, Guanajato, Jalisco, *Ma ,
loa, MU - Mean, San Luis Potosi, and the Federal
District, including the capital of the City of
Mexico, in which I have mixed with numbers
of the Mexican people, canvassed their opin
ions on the leading topics of the day, and espe
cially the views they entertain with regard to
Maximilian and his Empire, and Benito Juarez
cud the Republic. My deliberate judgment is
that an immense majority of the inhabitants
prefer the government of the former to that of
the latter. Moreover, I regard the opposition
to the Emperor Maximilian as feeble in the
extreme. True, Benito Juarez still continues
to reside at the city of -Chihuahua, nominally
styling himself the President of the 'Republic,
and exeref sing the functions of his office within
the limits of this State, but not elsewhere.
Since the 12th day of October, when lie
entered the " C2uartel of Ilidalgo, , !after a rapid
flight from the City of Monterey, with General
Gonzalez Ortega and his scattered army in the
rear, he has levied up to this time otr of the
citizens of Chihuahua, in contrihntions and
foreed loanF, one million awl a half of &Wars' to
sustain his declining fortunes; yet there is no
foreign minister or secretary of legation, or
charge (le alraires from a single nation to a 2
knowledge the Validity of his ride not oven a
consul to bid him good cheer, save Bonbon W.
Creel, who professes to act in the name of the
Government of the 'United States, hut I doubt
even if his exequatur has been duly verifi ed in
MOM form. Juarez, however, clings to the
hope that the Government of the Great Re
public of the West will come to his support,
and by force of arms aid him in driving the
French troops and Maximilian out of Mexico.
In this belief I am under the impression that
he will he disappointed.
In the City of Mexico,the recognized capital
of the country, some fifteen or twenty repre
sentatives of foreign powers, including' all the
great and leading powers of Christendom., (the
United States alone excepted), have signalized
their approval of Maximilian's rule as Em
peror, and de facto and de jure the Government
of Mexico.
Sir James Searlett, the . British ambassador
and reprcsexttative of Queen Victoria and the
Ihitish Government, and even her Majesty
herself haVe given assurances of unqualified
support, which Lord ralmorston and Wm. E.
Gladstone, Chancellor Of the Exchequer, will
heartily sustain. The large amount of silver
taken out of the mines of Gnanajato and Zrtee..
tccas, by subjects of the British Government,
is au t:ruplo guarantee on this head. Maxi -
In Mau rules, then, by the sanction of the peO•
plc of ineNteo and the recognition of the en
lightened Governments of Christendom, while
Benito Juarez (a full-blooded Indian, without
a droll of Caucasian blood in his veins), simply
exercises an arbitrary. sway over. Chihuahua;
where, in reality, a large majority of the solid
men of the State are opposed to his adminis
tration, with the quasi support of the United
States. Why is this? Mr. Corwin, the late
Minister from the United States, has left the
country for over a year; he does not remain in
Mexie,o, neither does lie go
. to Chihuahua, to
follow the varying fortunes of the wandering
chief of the so-called republic. This is an ex,
tiaordinary condition of affairs, and challenges
the scrutiny of the entire world.
This bydra-headed or dual ruler of a people
profeing to be free, should net and ought not
to he suffered to continue much longer. In fact,
I know it will not. The troops of the empire,
having very recently scattered the last army
uudcr the command of General Neg..cte, (a
renegade loader Of the Church party, and one
- who invited A.leximillan to come to Moideo,)
to the four winds of heaven, are now march
ing with rapid pace on Chihuahua ; and ere the
foil of the leuf of the vernal season, 1011 drive
Juarez and his freebooters awl guerilla chiefs
(Canal Cs, Cortina% and Carabajal,) beyond the
limits or the empire. -
I am told, although I have not seen the evi
dence to sustain the declaration, that the Con
greee of the United States has passed a law
expressly inhibiting the recognition of the
e n ,pire; that is, the legielatiee department
of the GOvernment has eefdeed to page a bill
appropriating money to the payment of the
elilary of an envoy, except to " the republle
of Mexico"—thes throwing down the gauntlet
with bold defiance, that nothing but a repub
lie will he acknowledged or tolerated -in
Mexico. On this point, all I have to say is,
that I like their pluck, but doubt the judg
ment of the senators und.repreeentatives who
have manifested such a stubborn and perverse
attitude, But, when I recollect that the people
and Government of the united State* once
resolved, with heroic ardor, upon el le, or
fight," end then came down to the "sliding
seele,e (ae Sir llobert Peel would say,) or the
"ii'rtr of ,th," l can make all duo al lowtmeeS for
" epeeehes or mere uh mi Palace
declarati , ele. The tinted States, of course ,
will de as she pleases; but it does seem to me
to Lc eildish, if not churlish—nay; ridiculous
—to badger and Ignore the Empire and France.
I am informed, on what I deem reliable en
thority, that the Emperor Napoleon -111, Will
keep his troops in Mexico, to sustain and up
hold tit,: Empire, as long as the authority of
Maximilian is menaced by the 'United States, ;
or any other Power. On that point, let me en
treat you to "pause and ponder," Anil, al
though you may doubt, let me assure you tuat
Francis Joseph of Austria, and the whole Ger
man Confederation, will stand by France ea
masse, with force of arms, in the event of a
conflict between the great Republic of the
West and the Empire on the Mexican question.
Spain, teo—a»d, I think, nearly all Europe, in
eluding Turkey, and Brazil, and Guatemala-- -
will back up Louis Napoleon . on this issue,
shoeld it be made, which I trust in God will not
be (lit' vme, I will say nothing of St. Patrick's
ltrigailh, and Marshal McMahon, in the hour of
trial. I Mete I. know -where they will be .fmol.
The last Wt.rds of O'Connell, uttered when he
eased throneh France on his way to Rome to
(Ale were MM.: " - When .1 am dead, remember
P , Ever shim the expuirion of the Span
iards from the la-La of Montezuma has not the
"quit** been raPtily deteriorating, receding*
in the vale of Egypean darkness, rather than
goieg forward in the lath of enlightened pro-.
gre , isl The lit:public otMexico is a failure—a
(exec, e miserable farce, dwicked farce! The
Ih-r , biir of Mexico has has feir trial, for
More than forty years, and it leoved abortive;
it is now "played out."
Von are at liberty to publish tee, with my
runic :u hexed. Sincerely your ftemd,
Jerre; Pe.eutes 011ateN.
WASHINGTON.
WHY OUR SQUADRON DID NOT TARE
PART IN THE NAVEL REVIEW
AT CHERBOURO.
Admiral Goldsborough Ordered not to Salute
the British Flag until our Rights
are Recognized.
THE ATTEMPTED ABDUCTION OF SANDERS NOT
PROMPTED BY THE PRESIDENT'S
PROCLAMATION.
A Relative of Washington Attempting to Re•
claim Confiscated Property
WASHINGTON, August 31.
[Special Despatch to the Press.]
The French and British Naval. Review.
You will have noticed in the papers that Ad
miral GOLDSIMEOPOH, at the head of the Medi
terranean squadron, composed of the splendid
Ships, the Niagara, the Nearsarge, and the Co
lorado, sent out by the President at the end Of
the war, for the purpose of looking after Ame
rican interests in distant seas, and particu
larly to watch the movements of the pro-
British pirate Shenandoah, which is still com
mitting depredations upon American com
merce in utter contempt of the fact that the
war is over, and in utter violation of the ac
tion of the English Government in withdrawing
its concession of belligerent rights to the re
bels, was not invited by Loins NAPOLEON to
participate in the great naval review which
took place off Clierhecirg, on the. 15th of AU
gust. This review, the particulars of which
have not yet been received, was composed of
the iron-clads and other war ships of the Eng
lish and French Governments, and was, un
questionably a magnificent sight; intended,
doubtless, to impress the world with the idea
that in the new alliance between those who
call themselves the leading Powers, other na
tionalities, and especially that of the Western
Hemisphere, may read an admonition, if
not a menace. Some of our over sensi
tive friends have supposed that Louis
NAPOLEON intended to omit the Ameri
can squadron from this pageantry as
a slight to the Government itself. The fact
stands thus: The moment the war ended, the
President directed that all the nations with
which we are at peace should be officially in
formed of the fact. The first to extend the
proper courtesy, and to assert the principles
of international maritime law, was the Nether
lands, by withdrawing even a partial conces
sion of belligerent rights to the rebels. She
UN followed by Spain and other European
Powers, leaving England to come almost at
the last, and then with such an incomplete
statement as to show not alone the regret of
her aristocracy at the success of the American
arms, but to establish, beyond controversy,
the complicity of many of her leading mer
chants and capitalists with the business of
blockade-running, and the fitting out and arm
ing of rebel corsairs. To this day England in
sists upon the twenty-four-hour rule, as if,
indeed, to give a chance to the pirate Shenam
done and one or two other rebel vessels to es.
cape the watchful vengeance of such of our
ships as are lying in wait for them. Finding,
then, that England has not done what other
Powers have done, Admiral GOLDSEMMUGH
and the commanders of all- our national
vessels are instructed not to salute the British
nag wherever they may meet it, until they
are duly informed that the rights extended by
us to other Governments, and by all other
Governments extended to us, arc also admit
ted and proclaimed by the British Govern
ment. From this you will perceive the pre
sence of Admiral Gotnsnonocon at thehead of
his splendid ships at the naval review off
Cherbourg on the 15th of August, would have
been what the French call de frop, and might
have marred the gorgeous festivities. ***.
The Attempts to Abduct George N. Ban.
tiers not prompted by a Proclamation
of the President.
It has been represented that attempts have
been made to abduct Geo. SAISMERS from
Canada, and that these attempts were incited
by the President's proclamation, offering a re
ward for his capture. The only proclamation
on the subject, which has been issued, is that
of the 21st of May last, and that promised the
reward only upon the condition of the appre
hension or sanders within the limits of the
United States.
[By Associated Press.]
Advertising Letters.
It is estimated that under the new law, the
eoSt of advertising letters, which, not being
delivered
. are sent to the dead letter office,
will amount to s.;;t0,000 per annum. This sum
is an entire loss to the Department If a large
proportion of the advertised letters were de
livered, this expense might, the Department
believes, be justified by the advantages emu
log to the public interests. That this is not the
case,is 6hoNN'u by the fact that at least 75 per cent
of all advertised letters are sent to the dead
letter office. In some of the larger offices the
percentage of adverliSed letters which are
delivered averages less than fifteen per cent.
in view of these facts the Postmaster General
has deemed it expedient to rescind his in
structions to postmasters under section four
of the act approved March 3d, 1865. Every
postmaster is therefore required to notify the
Publishers of the advertised list of his office,
that hereafter, for the reasons above stated,
only one cent per name will be paid for such
advertising. If it is not possible to effect an
arrangement to have the list published in the
nowsnaper having the largest circulation at
this rate, one cent per name, the postmaster
will then cause the lists to be printed, and
poked conspicuously as a substitute for the
newspaper publication, provided that the en
tire cost of such printed slips shall not exceed
one cent per name. If neither Of these ar
rangements can be effected, he will merely
post manuscript lists, for which no charge
will be alloWed.
The Hospitals.
The temporary frame hospitals and other
building, located in this city and vicinity,
cost the Government, in the aggregate, about .
$1,500,000. The occasion for their use having
passed away with the termination of the war,
they are now being sold. The timber brings
'about two-thirds of its original cost, and finds
ready purehaFerE. It IS probable that only
One of all the hospitals, namely " flare
woed,” - will be retained at least for several
months, as there are not more than, if so many,
as five hundred sick or disabled soldiers re
maining there requiring medical care. Hare-
Wood is a beautiful and healthy-location, about
two mileS from Washington, the eountryseat
of COACOI2.A., the banker, who left this coon
try for Europe at the commencement of the
rebellion - , and has not yet returned. This site
is urged by influential gentlemen as admira
bly suited _teethe Asylum for Disabled Soldiers
and Seamen, a charter to, establish which Was
granted by the late Congress. The corpora
tovs number one hundred, and among them are
the chief executive officers of the Government,
Lieutenant General e KANT, and: Vice Admiral
FAnnacuT, and other distinguished army and
navy °Dicers.
Discharge of Regiments.
The Secretary of War has ordered the dis
charge of the following•named regiments
connecticut.-7.11 heavy artilltay.
111inals.—C1at, 071.11, do3tli, lllth, 9:ith, 130th,
and 02d infantry; company G, '2d, and Elgin's
battery.
Indiana.-oth and 10th cavalry.
Icrwa.-23d, '!:Oth, 14th, and 32:1 infantry.
Kan sas.--7th cavalry,
Ist heavy artillery.
Alassachusetts.—ist heavy artillery
Alissonti.-80th and Wit infantry.
New York.--sth, , i2d, and filth Infantry, and
15th, mth, 21A, and 2uth batteries of artillery.
Novi eavolina,--!M and, .R 1 mounted infantry.
rennsylvanim—Battery A, Ist.
Yertnont.—ist, '2d, and " Frontier” cavalry.
2 , ith, and 33d infantry, and
companieB A and 1;, Ist heavy artillery.
The Wira Trial.
Judge Advocate CHIPMAN was engaged to
day in classifying the witnesses for the Go.
vernment in the Wiaz trial. Many of those
heretofore subponmed will be dispensed with,
and only the more important of them held for
examination. Tin: trial will be resumed to
morrow.
Lewis Washington.
- .The 'wife of WAsnurrOrox, of Belair°,
Va., is now in this city, importuning.: for the
restoration of their farm, which was COD,
nSCateti h eow,equence of the rebellion of her
husband. lanvis WAISIIIIiGTON is a relation of
the Father of his country, and was ; it will be
recollected, taken prisoner near .liirpef'S
Ferry by old .lons ErtowN.
Appointment of the Architect of the
C pito,.
Elm VD CLArtitu, who has for some years
been in the empinymen t of the Government in
connection with the public buildings, was to
day appointed architect of the capitol.
Army DiNburtements.
The treasury 'itt;bursennMts to the army
during the first part of this mouth were heatry,
but for the last ten or twelve days quite light.
There has recently beon a large redaction of
old certificates of indebteances. The new
ones - I,:iued are not more than one dollar in
four in evinpared with those redeemed.
The Veteran Reserve Corps.
The enlisted men of the Veteran Reserve
Corps, seeing but little prospect of an early
discharge from the service, have petitioned
the President, asking that, if not incompati
ble with the interests of the Government,
they be mustered out and permitted to return
to their homes. To this did a committee was
sv.mointed, who elated upon thti Ileiildut And
"ii I 4 I 1 1l 4 i g 14 ,S I 1. 1 m 1865
received a cordial greeting. The President,
after carefully examining the petitions, re
ferred the affair to General GRANT. , It is said
that they were approved, however, before
being sent. There are no worthier men in the
service than a majority of the members of
this corps, and no doubt their appeal will re
ceive the attention it merits.
Internal Revenue Receipts.
The receipts at the office of Internal Reve
nue, August Ist to 29th, inclusive, amounted
to $31,040,411.32. On Wednesday, in conse
quence of the failure of a mail up to four
O'clock, the amount of receipts was but 010,000.
Statement Contradicted.
The Consul General of Switzerland desires
it to be stated that he will not receive any eon:
tributions for Winz. The statement of the
New York News that he would receive them
was unauthorized.
GEORGIA.
No Letters OP Packages to be Delivered
to those who have Not Taken the Oath
—A Guerilla Shot by his Guard.
NASHVILLE, August 30.-[Special to the New
York Wor/d.]—General Steedman, command
ing in GeOrgin,b4S issued an order not to allow
empress agents, postmasters and carriers to
deliver letters to persons who have not taken
the oath in his department.
Capt. Kirke, the notorious guerilla, who was
to be tried by court-martial for the murder of
Gen. McCook, in 1862, has been shot in prison
by his guards.
KajorJohn U. King has been appointed com
mandant of the Department of Augusta,
Georgia.
CALIFORNIA.
Funeral of Some of the Victims of the
Brother Jonathan—The Saranac and
Suwauee to Pursue the Shenandoah—
The Pacific Railroad.
gA.24'Jainism August 29,—The funerals of
late James NeE.hit, of the Illonetin, Captain De
Wolfe, and others, whose bodies were recover
ed from the wreck of the steamer Brother
Jonathan, took place in the different churches
yesterday, attended with great solemuity.
The war steamer Saraenao sailed from A 9911.
malt, British Columbia, oil the 7.3 d instant,
in pursuit of the Shenandoah. The Suwanee
arrived at the same port on the 29111, and
would soon follow the Saranac.
The Central Pacific Railroad Company has
purchased a controlling interest in the Val
ley Railroad, extending from Sacramento
City to Folsom, thereby securing the central
route between Sacramento and via
Placerville, and retaining also possession of
their original route to Washoe via Dutch
Flat. This has been followed by tile consoli
dation of the two stage companies hitherto
using both routes over the mountains and
their concentration on the Dutch Flat route.
This movement greatly strengthens the Pa
cific Railroad Company by destroyino• ' all op
pOSition, enabling it to charge much higher
rates for passage and freight, as will make the
completed portion of their road pay hand
somely. The people of Washoe and along the
Placerville route are greatly disappointed at
the change, as it affects their interests un
favorably.
The opinion gains ground that under the
Present plan of building the Pacific Railroad,
it must become, when completed, very expen
sive and a monopoly, baying power to charge
such rates for freight and passage as may un
necessarily retard the development of the
country traversed. The newspapers urge that,
as the Government supplies the means for
constructing the road, it ought to induce its
army engineers and soldiers to take entire
charge of the work, and complete it speedily
on Government account, thus retaining the
power in the hands Of the Government to take
the road when completed, and make it one of
the cheapest roads in America, which would
result in an immense development of our
empire of mineral and agricultural wealth
during the present generation.
Still Another Railway Murder.
UFIATT.AIIOOOA, August 30.—A wrecking train
which left this city to-day, bound south, when
nearing Dalton, about dusk, came in collision
with a freight train coming towards Chatta
nooga. A general wreck of matter ensued, the
cars of both trains being demolished. Two
bodies have been taken out from the wreck,
but it is certain that a number more ha ve been
killed and seriously injured. Patties are now
at work clearing away the wreck.
Arrested for Treason.
Msiirms, Tenn., August SO.--Brigadier Gene
ral Marcus J. Wright, and Colonel Sevney, late
Of the Confederate army, were arrested to-day
by a - United States Marshal, to answer ast
tlictinent for treason in the District Court,
found in 186.2.
Receipts of cotton small; sales of middlings
at sues Te.
Geological Expedition In CollOradd.
DENVER, August 80.—An exploring party,
consisting of Professor Denton, Geologist of
Boston, Major Whiteby, and others, returned
to-day from an expedition through Western
Colorado, between the Itocky Mountains and
tilah. They report that they made important
discoveries of coal, petroleum, and shale on
the proposed route of the Pacific Railroad.
They also bring despatches from General
Hughes , . corps, constructing the new wagon
road to Salt Lake, which will. shorten the die
tance fully two hundred miles.
The Ten-Hour System.
UTICA, N. Y., August 31.—A meeting was held
to-night, by the operatives of the woollen and
cotton factories, in this city, who adopted
resolutions to strike in favor of the ten hour
s3 . stem of labor.
NEW YORK CITY.
The steamer Empire City, from Port Royal,
with dates to the 28th inst., has arrived.
The steamer Quaker City, from New York,
arrived at Cbavieston on the 27th, with her
engine partially disabled.
General Meade and staff arrived at Port
Royal on the ‘281,11.
Among the passengers. on the Empire City
are General Batch and Colonels Otis and
'IIII.X. ALIVE AND THIRSTING POD ISLOOT).
The following document has been sent to the
Copperhead organ here:
"Pb the Editor of the New Ybrk News: Allow
me, through your Journal, to inform Messrs.
Raymond. and Weed that they must, on nay re-
turn from Europe, be prepared to give the
satisfaction due between gentleinm for late
malicious printed insults to me, or be branded
before posterity—in my proposed Peace His
tory of the Civil War in America—as National
cowards. WTI. CORNELL JEWETT."
THE STOCK EXCHANGE—SECOND HOARD.
*lOOOOO U S 5 2 20 ( ?nick Min 00.... 51 1.
atCO lib OS 5-20. (.1 .n 100 mariposa M . Co.. 11
NOW fib e • .... 107 H, 100 Climb lil pref. UNi
IN;(10 US id 10-40. c 97:)4 800 Erie Railway
IZOOO ,lo 98 50'J Reading R I,Cfii
60100 'U .6 6s 15• e...n is 66)4
MOO Tenn State 6s. • . 71
2.61:0 V & hiss Cer.... 24'4
41 Bank of 128
200 Quiet. Alin Co 511
100 do 52%
Markets b
lIALTIIIIO3IE 7 August 31.—Flour firm; sales of
Deward super at 84716310. Wheat has declined
se,R:t. Corn is dull at WC for White and yellow.
Provisions steady. Whisky dull at $ 2424 6 .1241 /1-
Groceries firm, with an upward. tendency.
ComAeo, August 31.—Flour dull. Wheat
dull; No. 1 has advanced ?yule, closing at
$1.31: O. 2 declined 44)4;40 • sales at 411.17@1.18.
Corsi active at a decline cif,.. , !! . (C44;; ,-;alv.,
Wie for No. 1, and 0234 for NO. 2. Oats dull
and declined ; sales at 32fi 33e, Pre
visions unchanged. Freights steady. high
wines steady.
Receipts. Shipments.
Flour, barrels 4,300 3,700
Wheat, bushels 21,000 21,000
Corn, bushels 267,000 260,000
Oats, bu hels 70,00 75,000
311L1V.atiK.MS, August 31.—Flour quiet. Wheat
dnll ; sales at $1.34(01.:10. Oats firm. The ship
ments of Wheat were 02,000 bushels.
Baltimore Cattle Market
BALTIMORE, August 31.-4,050 head Beef Cat=
tic r.:ceived to-day, and 200 retnailled unsold.
Prices ranged from to *7.50 WI 100 - Ls gross,
for common to very good, and $7.75 for prime
lots. The market closed heavy. Slogs were in
heavy demand, and owing to light receipts
prices advanced %to lc. Common to prime
live Bogs, $1091c.70 100 its, gross. Sheep, 5
to ic gross. The market was well supplied,
Mu. Li ccovx's litaTe-Ptich.—lily leading de-
sire to visit Kentucky was to see our lamented
President Lincoln's hirth-place, a spot hereaf
ter ever interesting to loyal hearts. I directed
my course to the little village of liodginsville,
in La him county. Two miles south of this
place, Abraham Lincoln's father took up a,
claim of nice hundred acres of land, where
he built his pioneer cabin, and where the un
suspected embryo President was born. Unit-:
ide to pay for this land, the claim was relic,
quished, and little Abe was: only a few
years old, the family WAS Moved from the
place.
The spot was shown me were the cabin once
stood. I afterward received an accurate de
scription of it from an old man named John
Morris. ;laving occasion to call at the house
for a drink of water, alai being struck with the
remarkable neatness of. the plaee, he inquired
who lived there, and learned that it was ono
Lincoln. It being exceedingly difficult to pro
em° lumber in those times, his attention was
attracted by the causual feature in log-cabin
architecture tn'o»e or two sheds and a kitchen
attached to the house.
I might add, that oven now, in that section,
sawmills are not frequent, and frame house 3
utusnal. Wealthy farmers live in log houses,
and, in many respects, lead a Rip Van Winkle
life, compared with sections where modern en
terprise flourishes, When the same "enter
prise" forces new wants upon the people, will
they be happier? Extremely honest and kind,
as they are, they certainly deserve all the
beneilts arising from such a change.
There arc now ne vestiges of the Lincoln
cabin ranaiwing blackberry vines, and a
Chickasaw plum tree divide possession of the
site. The latter is a descendant of one planted
there more than half a century ago. The
grounds about are a pretty succession of bills
and hollows, one of the latter, close by, con
taining a large spring, v,lifz4l lilts been known
for many years as "Linkhorn tioller,” that
being- the common old-fashioned pronunci
ation of the name.
NEW TORN, August t,'l.
400 40 b10.10.5"4;
700M8 NIP 63
S(XI do griY,
200 (10 2d cull 0
000 111 (300,t, R ,121
200 do. .. .2d coll./24%
Telegraph.
THE CHOLERA.
The Epidemic Medically and Phy
siologically Considered.
HOW THE PEOPLE OF OUR CITY . MAY INSURE
THEMSELVES AGAINST IT.
Not by Quarantine Regulations, but Per-
sonal Care and Cleanliness.
A FEW HINTS ABOUT DIET AND
MODE OF LIFE.
Symptoms of the Cholera—lts Distine-
tive Marks, and its Antidote
WHAT STATES OF THE SYSTEM ARE FAVORABLE FOR
A CONTRACTION OF THE DISEASE,
A . Carefully Prepared Raper including
all theme Points.
[Written for The Presr.i
This is an age of great velocity. Fast men,
fast women, fast horses, fast cars, and fast
boats are all the fashion. This age demands
speed ; and when a certain amount is attained,
it calls out "Morel , ' Thug, tile rapid coach
has been succeeded by the more rapid car;
and, after this comes the still more rapid tele.
graph. And if this last invention could only
carry passengers, as well as news, steam cars
would soon be Out of date. It is quite proba
ble that even these mortals would cry out,
"More speed." What, spur the lightning!
Why ;note Everything on the earth, under
n ,i l s sn sp h u a t v 'r e ed a ;
t w h: n e
t a h r h n
s a i n in d u
. above t t l
g i e h
t e n a t r n t g h
spur? But what has this to do with the eho•
torah Well, reader, if not hurried too much, I
will tell thee.
In the first place, cholera is but a fast way of
dying; and this last is but the natural result
of a fast way of living. If people will live so
fast, they ought not to complain if every few
years they get in the way Of dying so fast. The
one is the natural result of the other. We are
born in a hurry, grow up in a hurry, live in a
hurry, and why should we not sometimes die
in a hurry? Charles 11. is said to have apolo.
gized to the surrounding friends for dying so
Slowly ; but that was before cholera times.
Now, reader, I propose to tell thee what tits
cholera is, how it comes, and bow to insure
thee against its coming, and, in case of an at
tack, the best possible chance of getting safely
through it. My hair is not yet as much sprin
kled with gray as it might be, yet I have lived
through all the cholera seasons we have over
had in this country, and have closely studied
its nature ; and I think that I understand it as
well, or better, than politicians usually under
stand the Constitution of the United States.
CROLMIA, IT* r...rynfOLOGIOAL AND PAYSIOLOGI-
The word cholera is derived from the Greek
Mole, signifying bile, a secretion of the liver,
This derivation of the word seems to refer to
the disease as having its origin in the liver
and other organs with which it is immediately
associated, These, with their important uses
or functions in the vital economy, let IN nOw
briefly consider:
The liver is a large organ, of glandular for
mation, situated in the right side, below the
diaphragm, and is composed of several lobes.
Its upper surface is convex, its under surface
concave. All the venous capillaries arising
from the extended surface of the alimentary
canal, together with those from the spleen,
pancreas, and other glands, run into three
large veins, Called portal veins. These unite
to form a venous trunk ; this, instead of ad
vancing directly to the large venous.trunk,
proceeds obliquely upward, to the right, and
plunges into the liver, where it divides and
subdivides, in the Manner of an artery. And
where these veins terminate in the ramhica ,
ti6ns of the biliary duct, other venous capil
laries arise, which, running into each other,
form the hepatic veins, and these take up the
blood received from the portal veins and the
hepatic artery, and convey it to the large
venous trunk, conducting the dark blood to
the heart. Thus, all the darkblood gathered in
by the venous capillaries and veins, from the
viscera of the body, is, on its conduction to
the venous trunk, filtered through this large
glandular organ, and thereby has separated
from it all such impurities as unfit its carbon
for vital combustion, or union with oxygen on
its exposure to the air through the extended
mucous membrane of the lungs. These impu
rities, thus secreted fi om the returning blood
by being strained through the liver, are con
veyed off, probably through some vascular
communication with the kidneys, and thence
through their descending ducts to the bladder,
their Common reservoir. The kidneys are also
of glandular formation, being situated in the
region of the loins. Their general form is that
of two oblong spheroids collaterally arranged.
Their structure is held, each by a similar fold
in the serous membrane, that lines all the in
ternal cavities of the chest and abdomen,
and folds over all the organs formed in
those cavities, thus 'holding all in their
Proper place. The cavities and the duets,
of each kidney, are lined by] mucous mem
brane, which, continuing from each, forms or
lines two long tubes, descending from the kid
neys on each side, through which tubes the
secretions of the kidneys are conveyed to the
bladder, thence to be excreted from the vital
domain. The office or functions of the kid
neys is similar to that of the liver, purifying
the carbon. of the dark blood, in order to tit
that carbon for vital combustion in the pro
duction of animal heat. They effect this by
means of a vascular communication with the
veins, such as is common to all organs of ex
cretion. By means of minute lymphatic
glands dispersed through the system, every
particle of tmatter forming the venous blood
can be more or less acted upon by these organs
of excretion. While the liver purifies the dark
blood gathered up by the veins from the visce
ra or internal organs, the kidneys act upon
that taken up from external portions of the
body. Thus all the Venous blood in the system
is so purified by, the liver and kidneys as to at
its carbon for vital combustion in the produc
tion of animal heat, and in the consequent
elimination or expulsion of worn-out mate
rial from the system. This important vital
Process is effected through two surfaces, the
inner and outer, or the mucous membrane of
the lungs and the skin.
The function of the liver is two-fold—bilious
secaetion, and filtration of venous blood. The
bile is a secretion designed to act as an alkali
on that portion of oily matter, and the acids
usually contained in alimentary substances.
By its action the oily matter and acids arc con
verted into a saponaccous substance soluble
In the pancreatic secretion, which is poured
into the same section of the alimentary cavi
ty with the bilious secretion. The bile is
conveyed from its reservoir, the gall-bladdet
by a tube t 9 the duodenum, the upper portion
Of the small intestine. In healthful vital se ,
tion, the bile is never found in the stomach'
its action on the oily and field pertions of the
food, takes place after transition through the
pylorus, the lower orifice of the stomach. But
when an unusually large and undue propor
tion of oily and acid matter has composed the
food, the bile is sometimes forced up into the
stomach to aid in reducing, the intractable
mass ; and sometimes in such cases, there is
an unnaturally large secretion of bile, and it
becomes largely diffused through the intes
ines, causing those severe gripes called the
bilious colic. Extreme cases of this disease
when attended by convulsions, arc ealled Mole'
ra morbus. The other secretion of the liver, er
rested by flit rating venous blood,maybe termed
clepttrative; beeabse it separates impurities
from the carbon of the dark blood, to fit this
carbon for vital combustion when it shall
have reached the lungs. The spleen is proba
bly an appendage to this depurative appara
tus. It may serve as a reservoir to the depu
rative secretions of the liver, till they are con
veyed oil by some vascular communication
with the kidneys, where blending with the
similar secretions of these organs, they are
conducted through the ureters to the blad
der, and thence through its duet, excreted
from the vital domain. Thus the liver and
kidneys, with their resort ITS And ducts, are
depurative apparatus for purifying the carbon
of the dark blood, by detracting therefrom
those impurities which unfit it for easy and
perfect vital combustion, when brought to the
two great eliminating surfaces of the body—
the lungs and skin. Hence the reason why a
person cannot long live, when either the liver
or kidneys are seriously affected. The blood
ceases to be fully renovated. The worn-out
material composing the venous blood, is not
gufile,iontly carbonized for vital combustion
through the skin and lungs and hence is re
tallied in the circulation. The arterial blood
being thus freighted with impurities, is itself
but partially formed, consequently all the
solids, formed from it, are imperfectly sus
tained. The skin and lungs, by their constant
action on the crude mass of imperfectly car
bonized venous blood, become greatly over
worked and gradually lose their functional
power, and thus leave morbid material to ac
cumulate within tire system. The structure
of the lungs and skin becomes at length wasted
away, and through these all the other struc
tures. The bright arterial blood no longer
Courses in sprightly mood to 0,11, the tissues Q
the body, imparting life, health, and constant
pleasure. But the dark venous blood gathers
its mourning shades abOut the windows of the
soul, and settles in dull, livid streams through
the organism, throwing deep, constant, heavy
despondency, and habitual gloom through the
whole mental and moral horizon. The eyes
lose their brilliancy, and the features their
sprightliness and beauty. Languor and pain
succeed, till, unless the healthful action of
these organs is restored, death closes the
scene. Such are some of the effects of ordinary
disease in these great depurative organs of the
system. And among the causes which induce
such disease, are the following: linprOper (pa
iffy and quantity of food, too frequent and fast
eating, use of narcotics, use of alcoholic and mall
liquors, use of bad water, sudden anger, fear,
'age, and resentment, wrong habits of life, as
some of the effects of extraordinary disease
Licentiousness - in-al-I its foram Let us now notice
in
these dcpurative organs. In their ordinary
disease, some of the effects of which have been
briefly stated, these organs labor on, though
very imperfectly, in the discharge of their
functions. While thus,life can be feebly main
lathed , though divested mainly of its attraC
tions. But in extraordinary or extreme eases
Of disease, where their function is not even
imperfectly carried on, but wholly arrested or
suspended, then there must be most fearful
Consequences.
The action of these denurative organs, as we
have seen, is on the venous blood. Nutrition,
and its contrary process, excretion, or what
perhaps might more properly be termed accre
tion and accretion, must ever about balance each
Other. In early life, nutrition or accretion
slightly overbalances decretion ; and hence the
growth of the body. After maturity and
through middle life, these two forces balance;
in old age, decretion overbalances accretion;
and hence the gradual diminishing of the
volume of the tissues. As these two forces
must so nearly balance each other through life,
there must evidently be a constant corre
spondence in quantity between the arterial
anti venous blood. If a large quantity of arte
rial blood is formed and diffused through
the Organism, the lymphatics dispersed
through all the tissues are counselled to
clear away the particles com Posing those
tissues, in order to make way for new ma
terial to be lodged there. Consequently,
when a large quantity of arterial blood is dis
tributed to the tissues of the system, there
muse be a corresponding large quantity of
venous blood fin:meal - rem those tissues, and
sent into the veins, here to be secreted from,
by the liver and kidneys. And the larger the,
quantity of venous blood to be acted upon by
these Organs, the greater their exertion. But
there is a certain limit of labor to all the or
gans. If urged beyond this, they are sure to
break down, or their functions to be tempora
rily suspended. Thus, if too much blood be
rushed in upon the valves of the heart, that
Muscular Organ will strain its every fibre, to
press upon it, and send it outward again in its
course. But there is a limit to its contractile
power and tension. If this limit be passed,
like an over-strained steam-boiler, it bursts its
muscular cells, causing instant death to its
possessor. Sometimes an organ, instead of
havin g its structures immediately ruptured or
broken down, has only its functional power
for a time suspended 5 thus affording an op
portunity for recovery. And this can almost
invariably be effected, if only the proper means
are used, and all improper ones disused. This
suspension of functional power in relation to
the heart, results in fainting fits, tee. A aus
pension of the functional power of the liver,
results in those pathological symptoms called
the cholera. If such a quantity or quality of
food be habitually received into the alimen
tary cavity, aswill greatly oppress the organs,
and especially the depurative ones, by causing
them to act upon much too large a quantity of
venous blood, and thus dangerously over
exerting them, the first method nature takes
to free herself is this. The vital forces, by a
concentrated effort through the tissues Of the
alimentary canal, move on, with tremendous
power, the vast accumulation of morbifie ma
terials along the convolutions of this canal,
and thus throw open the flood-gate of ogres
, sion, and with convulsive frequency, pour
the IMO ,s death beyond the limits of
the vital domain., This process in nature's
safety-valve, by which she frees herself
from a dangerous accumulation of morbiflc
material resulting from improper dietetic
habits. If the patient is wise, and permits
nature thus freely to relieve herself, and
ceases at once from errors in diet, and judi
ciously bathes himself in soft water once or
twice a day, wipes himself thoroughly dry,
and then uses freely a coarse towel or flesh
brush for producing friction over the surface,
and continues to do this for a few days,he will
entirely recover from such an attack of the
diarilatea. Let him leave off all narcotic be
verages, and use plain, substantial, and whole
eoree diet, and be regular and temperate in
all his habits, and after his reeovety, let him
still use the bathing and friction, sufficiently
often ,o keep the skin in a perfectly clean
and healthy condition, and let him exer
cise freely in the open air. If he truth
fully follows out this Plan, he need not
fear. When nature has fully relieved
herself of the morbifte material so dangerous
ly accumulated within her domain, she will
astringe herself, and tone all the tissues to
healthful action again. Eut if, by use of artifi
cial astringents, or tonics, the patient, in his im
patience, seeks to do this for her, he runs him.
self into two hazards. Ist, that of, nro.lucing
astringency before Nature's eathastie process
has clone its important work of relieving the
organism of morbific materials, thereby Pre
paring the way for a return of healthful vital
action. 2,1, that of poisoning the tissues, by
bringing them into repulsive and dangerous
contact with the medicinal substances used,
and thus rendering his last state much worse
than the first. The vital forces can much more
readily and effectually cure ciisedsed tissues
than poisoned ones. The vital forces are the
only agency by which disease is ever cured.
If medicines are used, there is thrown
upon the vital forces a double work—
that of recovering the tieelleS from not
only a diseased, but also from a poisoned
state. There is constantly much, and often
fatal deception in mistaking the pain, and the
concentrated, and often convulsive efforts, by
which nature indicates, and endeavors to
throw off, morbide materials—for the cause of
the disease. Whereas, those unritalized sub
! stances ,within the organism, are the cause 'of
the whole disturbance of vital action, and the
pain is only an indication of the presence of
such materials. The violent efforts of nature
for expelling mOrbilie material from the sys
tem are even requisite to save the patient
from immediate destruction, by preparing the
way for a return of healthful and pleasurable
vital action.
Let us now consider a variation or increase
of the disturbance of vital action, resulting
from similar obstructions in the Organism.
Suppose that accumulation of unvitatized ma
terial along the alimentary canal is composed
of far too large a proportion of oily matter, as
when fat meat and butter are freely used in
diet. All kinds of nutritive substances con
tain some oily matter in their structure, Bat
this portion, is very small, and in all fruits and
farinaceous substances, is found on their enve.
lopes, as the rind of fruits and of grains. The
bilious secretion of the liver was designed to
act as an taken upon this Well portion of oily
matter, and thus convert it into a saponaceous
substance, and thereby render it soluble by
the panereative secretion, and reducible to
perfectly vitalized blood. In healthful action
the bile is poured through the biliary duct
-into the duodenum, where also the pancreatic
secretion is poured through its duet, Here
the bile blending with the foOd, acts on the
oily portion of it, and is thus neutralized, pro,
during no disturbance Whatever to Vital ac
tion, But in the case supposed, the con
tents of the alimentary cavity, having in
mixture an unusually large and unnatural
portion of oily matter, require a corre
sponding large and unnatural secretion of
bile, to act upon it; and hence there is
secreted and poured into tile duodenum, and
thence often thrown up through the pylorlia
into the stomach, a large amount of bile, to
aid that organ in partially chymifying its in
tractable contents ; it also becomes diffused
throughout the lower convolutions of the
emell intestines, and einnetimes even through
the colon, to render soluble, if possible, the
acid, oily, and chaotic mass, and thus reduce
it to order. The acrid qualities of the bile be
ing thus diffused through the whole gastro
intestinal region, cause those excruciating
pains called the bilious colts. When it bacouics
extremely severe, nature usually throws open
not only the gate of organic dismission, but
also reverses the action of the gate of admis
sion, and thus uses it as a gate of emission, in
throwing up, like the deep heaving of volcanic
action, the accumulated death, and thereby
expelling it from the organism. When the dis.
ease amounts to such severity of action, and is
attended by convulsions, it is usually termed
the Cholera .3forlrus. This disease is character
ized by a large flow of pile through the
whole gastrointestinal region. In its se
verity of action it Is next to the Cho
lera, but is distinguished from it in this
respect ; in cholera cases, the liver hav
ing °moil to act, there is no bile secreted,
and hence none can be detected. The treats
went of the cholera morbus should be similar
to that already pointed out in relation to se
vere cases of diarrhcea. The patient should
he reclined in as easy a position as possible;
and if the disturbance amounts to severe con
vulsions, and detracts so much vitality front
external parts as to leave the surface cold and
pallid, brisk and thorough friction with the
bands, along the surface and limbs of the pa
tient, should be immediately appied. The use
of the living band in producing that friction
is far better than that of flannel or any other
unvitalizea substance, For the hand produces
not only the requisite friction, but also com
municates u portion of vitality and of animal
heat to the tissues with which it comes in con
tact. It is analogous to the contact of two
eleetrieal eonduCtOrssethe one WHY eherged
with electricity, the other Tut nightly
charged. The fulness of the one imparts to
the deficiency of the other.
Let us now suppose that this accumulation
of tmvitalized material along the gastro-in
testinal region to have become still greateri
so much so, as not only to induce general de
rangement along the surface of the alimentary
cavity, but also to throw direct and complete
derangement on the action of the liver. This
is effected mainly in two ways : Ist, thepower
ful concentration of the vital forces along the
tissues of the alimentary canal, to aid its con
vulsive motion both upward and downward,
in freeing the organism from its heavy freight
of death, detracts and rapidly exppndsvitali
ty frets all the other organ, and ecalsequently
the amount of vital power usually resident in
the tissues of the liver is drawn off and, with
the other vital forces, concentroted in the gas
tro-intestinal region ; thus leaving the liver
destitute of its usual amount of functional
power: Eld, duritig this detraction of Its vital
power, it has a larger amount of labor than
usual to perform. For the large amount of
crude, oily, and acid matter in the contents of
the alimentary cavity require an nnueallylarge
secretion of bile, and the excess of aliment has
caused to be formed an unusually large
amount of venous blood to be acted upon by
the liver. Renee, with unusually large amount
of labor on hand, it has an unusually small
amount of vital power to perform it. This ex
cessive labor and detraction of vital forces
from its tissues, being simultaneous, cause a
suspension of its action. Ilere, then, the
liver% two-fold function is arrested; and these
are the fearful consequences.
nue, that indispensable solvent for diges
tion, is no longer secreted ; consequently, the
chaotic mass of unvitalized material along
the alimentary canal, has no longer the aid of
that secretion for reducing the intractable
mass, by solution of its acid, oily and acrid
qualities; and hence the whole surface of the
aliments:li cavity, in contact With these
qualities, becomes excessively inflamed, pro
ducing at once the most intense thirst,and the
most excruciating pains along the gastro-in-
testinal region. Meanwhile, the mucous mem
brane, along the entire surface of the aliment
ary Coal, secretes a serous fluid, the acridity
of which corresponds with that Of the MUIR
and inflammatory mass with which it is
brought in contact. This acrid fluid is exhaled
in copious showers all along the internal sur
face of the alimentary cavity, to protect that
surface in its bitter contact with the inflamed
mass, and, if possible, to diffuse through the
whole a solvent deluge for reducing the mor
bid chaos. This constant secretion and ex
halation from the mucous membrane of the
alimentary cavity detracts largely from the
serum of the blood, and keeps up a constant
and excessive thirst. The excessive acridity
of this fluid may be accounted for thus : All
the acrid qualities usually secreted from the
blood by the action of the liver and kidneys,
and contained in and' excreted with the
urine, arc, on a suspension of the action
of these depurative organs, all retained in
the serum of the blood. Nature, in this
extremity, has no other way to rid her
self of these acrid qualities than to flood
them back to the alimentary cavity, there,
with other morbific freight, to be moved con
vulsively, onward in the great Channel of egres
sion. this purpose she reverses the action
of the lacteals, those small tubes leading off so
densely from the mucous membrane of the ali
mentary cavity. These, instead of their usual
action in elaborating chyle, and transmitting
it to the thoraeie duet, now commence ab
stracting the acrid serum from the blood, and
pouring it, on all sides, into the alimentary
cavity; there, with convulsive energy, to be
poured beyond the vital domain. The circula
tion on the anrface, and in the external tissues
being mainly suspended, and inivenovated,
and impure blood filling alike the arteries and
veins, the blood is probably suffered to find its
way back, through the left subclavian vein, to
the thoracic duct, and thence through the lac
teals to the alimentary cavity. Such action in
the present crisis is nature's best possible elfOrt
to save the organism from immediate destruc
tion. To constringe these vessels,therefore, by
artificial means, to prevent their action on the
serum, is the worst thing that can be done, and
the very way to induce speedy ruin. The vi
tal forces from other parts of the_ organism
have become concentrated in the gastro-intes
tinal region. Mature has thrown open the
gate of organic dismission and reversed ac
tion through that of admission, and thusovith
tremendous power, is carrying on her emetic
and cathartic process, for freeing the organ
ism from impending ruin. The deep convul
sive action into which the tissues of the al t
mentary cavity are brought by a concentra
tion of vital forces there, is reflected with tre-
Mende - tit> energy through the whole System,
All the muscles are thrown into painful, spas
medic action. The features Of the face become
fearfully distorted and rapidly wasted away
the eye sunken, dry, and vacant; the lips>
tongue, and oral Stirface become parched and
livid;'the upper and lower extremities ere
thrown into convulsive action. The heart
beats hurriedly, feebly, and intermittently.
The action of the arteries and veins is but
imperfectly continued, causing a heavy seer
cation of etagnation of blood, and• extreme
numbness.
The vast concentration of vital forces in the
tissues of the alimentary canal, for moving up
ward and downward, with conclusive energy,
the morbific contents of this cavity, hip not
only detracted so much vitality , from the liver
as to paralyze its action, bat also from the ex
ternal surface so as to suspend or dangerously
interrupt the action of the skin and kidneys ;
and thus the circulation is mainly driven from
the surface. - Meanwhile the action of the liver
being suspended it no longer strains the ye
nous blood on its passage back to the heart and
lungs. Hence the carbon of that blood is no
longer purified or freed from such quali
ties as unlit it for vital combustion. Con
sequently the venous blood with its carbon
unpurilled by the action of the liver is
brought to the mucous mlirane of the
lungs. Here this carbon, be' thus blended
with impurities, is wholly unlit for vital com
bustion by union with the oxygen of the air.
Hence the production of animal heat Is at
once arrested. And the worn-out particles of
the dark blood usually expelled from the sys
tereby this process, are now retained in the
blood, and forced through the pulmonary
veins back, full freighted with death, to the
agonized and deeply agitated heart, thence to
be distributed in sluggish, livid streams
through the system. The whole external ma ,
face becomes extremely pale, livid, deadly
cold, and covered with clammy moisture.
The brain participating in the general organic
disturbance, throws the mind into the deepest
anxiety and despondency. Anarchy, horrid,
deep and constant, reigns throughout the or
gan/SM.
This is the Cholera. It is 'vital action greatly
and fearfully disturbed, by a suspension of the
'Wald function of the liver, and caused by the
presence of unritalized material along the surfaee
of the alimentary canal. This prime cause is
modified by such external action as largely ex
hausts the vital forces. And this state of disease
is invariably induced by a previous course of
errors „in diet, and other wrong habits conse
quent on such a course. And whea the organ.
ism is brought into this state of derangement)
the-slightest external casualty may " 9lip the
cable," and spread the canvas to a full storm
of wrath.
THE sYnn - ro/ AND THE TIMATMENTI
The main symptoms of the cholera are such
as I have described. The violence and dura
tion of the attack will be greater or less, ac
cording to the degree of previous derange
ment in the condition of the Organism; and
whether a person dies or surviveS depends
Mainly On the mode of treatment. But how
should it be treated? The yital functions are
mainly prostrated, and ruin threatenis l'et
there is possibility of recovery, inmost, if not
every ease, tf the patient einlid rightly appre
ciate his own condition, so as to trust himself
to a right mode of cure. But, alas! the panto
and consternation of the moment, combined
with the force of previous habits and of falla
cious notions as to the nature of disease and
of its proper mode of treatment, are such as to
drive him at once, into a quick consummation
of his ruin. Here stand the laudanum, the
nostrums, the thousand and ono deceptive
Prescriptions, &e., like so many outlets to per
dition, to flow the liquid death into the fear
fully diseased organist - A, to complete its de
struction! Drugging, ever of ruinous tendency,
is in cholera cases, ruin itself. The diseased
organism already forced to the brink of de
struction, requires one false movement only,
and all is over? Nature Ila 9 already opened
the orifices ingressing and egressing, of
the alimentary canal, and through them
with tremendous power and frequency,
is discharging the foreign freight of death,
for the benevolent purpose of saving
the organism from immediate destruction,
In such a state of things, should any one close
the hatchways of the organic ship, and thus
retain all that dangerous freight below? If
this is done, farewell to hope! lint if the
patient and sitrrounding friends will act In
telligently and with true wisdom in this - matter,
and thus secure whatever possibility there
may be of recovery, let the following courso
be pursued: Let the patient be reclined in as
fumble a position as possible for nature's
convul.sive efforts in relieving itself. Let
the excessive thirst of the patient be stet uy
drinking pure soft water. The quantity drank
and frequency of drinking must ineasnra7
bly correspond with the severity of the thirst;
and this last Usually corresponds with the
violence of the attack. Caution, 110WeVee,
Should be used not to allow the quantity to
be too excessive, or too suddenly drank, for
the internal organs may be so deluged
with the watery element as to relapse their
remaining energies of vital action, and thus
!mimic nature in her curative work. This
danger, in using the pure element, is far less
than that invariably attending the two, Inter•
natty or externally, of medicinal substances.
Pure soft water may be used, both internally
and externally, with considerable freedom,
isenOtt, and !safety, la ellotera cam. Th.e cx
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ternal application, however, should be alittle
deferred, till the violence of the spasms and
of internal action shall have partially suli.'
sided. Mean While there should be usedmormaZ
friction ni,‘6r the surface and limbs, aiding
thereby the deranged and almost suspended:
circulation beneath the surface, and partially
restoring animal heat and vitality to the skin
and extremities. If the skin is freighted with
impurities, as is usual in cholera eases, let.
the patient, as soon as practicable, be im
mersed in a tepid bath, and by a moderate
use of good soap along the surface, thoroughly
cleanse the skin from impurities, and thus
fit it to resume its vital function in ealo
rification and consequent elimination of
waste matter from the aystkiii. Directly after
bathing the whole surface of the body should
be carefully 'and thoroughly wiped with a
towel, thus leaving the skin clean and dry,
fitted to resume its usual action. If nature's
emetic and cathartic process has not been
impeded till after a full disgorgement of Mier-
bine freight from the system she will induce
her own astringency and tonicity, and thus
prepare the way for a return of healthful
action throughout the organism. The vital
functions Of the Several organs will be gradu
ally resumed. The liver will recover from its
paralyzed condition and commence anew its
bilious and depurative secretions for digestion
and purifying the dark blood. Consequently,
vital combustion and elimination will be re
sumed, and thus animal heat and bright retl
arterial blood be again produced. The lungs
and heart will resume their firm and regular
action, the arteries and veins their usual con.
tractions for flowing the blood, the accretive
organs and lymphatics resume their constant
labor of accretion and deeretion among the
I,lBCitle9, and general order restored throughent
the system.
This mode of treatment consists mainly of
manual friction, or rubbing over the surface,
judicious use of pure soft water both internal_
ly and externally, and as rnliCh toPoca as nos_
sible in a well ventilated room, If this method
be continued to the entire exclusion of drugs
nostrums, &0.,&c., within a few hours from
the time of attack, the vital forces will have
sufficiently rallied in the curative process to
afford the patient coneigerPle and he
will soon find himself on the gain. He will, of
course, feel weak and much exhausted; but if
he entirely avoids all stimulating substances,
and pursues a correct regimen as to diet,
eleandilese, exercise, &c., he will find his phy
sical, mental, and moral poWers gradually re•
turning to him, and at length possess them in
the fullest vigor and enjoyment,
Let us now attend to a general analysis of
eholora symptoms and tlletr alma and nai l
mate causes.
cAIISES.
(Indigestible or un•
vitallzed material
VOMITING AND PURGING. .{ along the surface of
=ECM
I=:iii
EXCEfibITY.
COLDNESS AND CLAMMY
MOISTURE ON THE
SURFACE.
LIVID COLON AND 11.1.rin
WASTING AWAY or
THE TISSUES.
The above symptoms indicate the cholera.:
The above causes and seeondary, being thellie
selves but a series of effects produced. by the
prior cause of a suspension of the two-fold
function of the liver. And this last Is caused
by the presence of unvitalized material along
the different sections of the alimentary atom
by which the liver is greatly overworked, and
an unusually large amount of vital power is
detracted from its tissues as before deseribeth
Here, then, we havethc whole subSeet Ina nut.
shell. All the peculiar symptoms of the CM.
lera result primarily from suspension of the
liver's action in secreting bile and in strain
ing the venous blood, And this suspension is
caused by unritatised material along the all
inclitary cavity, combined Wltil such external
action as largely exhausts the Vital forces avid
detracts them from the tissues of the liver
Allvital action, then, both internal and exter
nal, that detracts an unusually large amount
of vital power_ front the tissues of the liver
tends directly to induce the cholera. But, as.
the action of the liver relates to digestion and
nitration of the venous blood it is evident that ,
the vitality of its tissues is exhausted DIRECTLY
by the quantity and quality of substances re
ceived into the alimentary cavity ; while its
vital power is exhausted is inuacmcv by elder-.
nal action, such as an overheated atmosphere,
excessive and 1011g-tlOntinned labor, great.
anxiety or feary , sudden jo or grief, Sits of
lent passion, &e., S:e. Thus we see that the
GREAT CAUSE IS INTERNAL ; but WDOD this exists,
EXTERNAL causes lend to its development..
Thus, if a man greatly over-eats, he greatly .
overworks his liver, and this tends to injure
and destroy its furictlePal power. But if di
goes
rectly after over-eating he oc4 eat tato att_
over-hcated atmosphere and greatly Over
works, lie will be ethicist sure to ind ace thet
cholera. In the first plitee lie has already
brought his liver to enormous labor by over
eating; set, while in this condition by expo
sure to an overdicateill4llloSpliere, and to ex
cessive labor of external organs, he lies large.
ly detracted the vital forces from his liver, thug
leaving it in double danger of failure. But by
slow anti moderate eating, light labor is impo
sed upon the liver ; and then the Man might
endure equally severe external labor, without
running any hazard of getting the
When great external and Internal labor are
combined, there is always danger. But the
great danger lies in imvitatized material along
the alimentary cavity. And this conies inva.-
riably from errors in diet. If the quantity
and quality of food, and the time and manner
of receiving it, were always correct, every
particle of food in the digestive procure would
become perfectly vitalized, and thus fitted to
nourish the tissues. This vitalization com
mences in the oral cavity. Slow and thorough.
mastication, and solution with the salivary
secretion, works an important change on the ,
food, anti fits it for deglutition and action of
the stomach. Here 11111/iettlar contraction, and
gastric secretion and solution, tit it IcC tale ae.
lion of the duodenum, whore the bile and pan
creatic secretion are blended with it, and ef
fect its complete reduction. Were these con
ditions always fully met, the liver and other
internal orgips wealth never he overworked,:
and all the vital fiMellone would be bermoel --
ously performed, anti cholera tied other kin.
fired diseases would never be known.
But generally in civic life, these organic laws;
relating to nutrition, are set wholly et deli
ance. The quantity, quality, time, and mode
of eating, are frequently all wrong. The quan
tity is much too large. The object of marl
tion, niter a full development of the body, is
merely to replenish the waste in the tissueg
caused by vital action. All beyond this iS
.evil. The quality , is usually as far from right
as the quantity. Fat meat, salt meat, animal
slops, melted butter, and exude vegetables`
enturate.t with animal oils, are extensively
used. These all tem) greatly to everwork,ute.
liver, by requiring so large a secretion of Witt
for their reduction. A person using freely
such articles, on slight external exposure, will
be almost - sure to get the cholera, The time.
of eating is usually much too frerptent, and
often too near the time fur sleep. The mode
of eating is much too fast, resulting in imper
fect mastication, imperfect salivary secretion
and solution, and demo/mainly imperfect AC.
lion through all the stages of digestion . , thus
throwing a large and crude quantity of Stmd.
into circulation, and hence imposing a vast,
amount of labor on all the depurative Organs.-
HOW TO AVOID THE SPIDDMIC.
To avoid the cholera and other kindred die
ease, proper attention Should lie paid tentir,
cLEANLINESS, EXERCISE, 11;1114 Alit, ittortAn
SLLEP, AND LLB REGULATION' OP TON PASSIONS.
A proper quality of food Is furished by the
farinaceous grains, when of sound and. pinuip
berry, perfectly clean, coarsely and recently
grentur. and rightly Matte, itito bread, This,
with wholesome fruits, such as apple; imam
grapes, berries, Ate., 'amen perfectly ripe mitt
sound and pure soft water, famish the very
best dietetic material of whieli man can avail
himself, for his own health comfort, and safe.
ty from disease. These articles should be re
ceived twice or thrice a day, at regular in,..
teryals, and thorough mastication will be Id
iCetvd, To these might be safely added a,
moderate use of sweet cream, or recently
made butter thinly d spread on good bread, but
never in a melted lorm ; an also quite a
variety of wholesome vegetables when.
jilainly prepared. If all food. consisting
of annual tissues be entirely and NrOVer
abandoned, a proper farinaceous and fruit diet
will soon be found far more conducive to our
individual health, comfort, and pleasure, and
to all the social enjoyments of life. The
strongest and most enduring structures in.
the animal kingdom are format mitECTLY from
the vegetable kingdom. Vegetable
furnishes far firmer and better organized ele.
mentary globules to the arterial blood than
that derived from animal tissues. Man is con
stitutionally adapted to a fruit null fari
naceous diet, as is evident from the structure
Of his prehensile and alimentary organs. But
If man WILL USG Lulling Nod, it should be only
the musetilar or lean part of healthy CLOAU
ANIMALS recently killed. And this used but
Once a clay, with good bread and vegetttblts
Plainly prepared. Twice or thrice a day Is as
frequently as any well person ought to; eat,
and too often when sue is sick. The More
you nontigh a diseased hotly tha 'worse You
make its" is the truthful saying of MAO.
one. Tho more labor you put tosoirs
tiered machinery the more danger there
of complete ruin, A diseased organism re
vires more VITALITY 111 its tissues rather
van INpßzAss OF a.vremAL. All the tie
unless held under the direct, constant,
and powerful control of vltalit3r, tena 1'44 to,
dissolution. Eserelse should he such as ter
give full and free action to the vascular sys
tem, it should be regular and in the open air
where the two great respiratory surfaces may
come in free contact with the pure element for
,„. u uoutog and ililfusing animal heat through
the system Should he
air With
to aanilt this free contact of the air WWI
perfectly of the skin. To eep this surface
clenn,and thus in afit condition for
a discharge or its respiratory function, 8,
sponge, or skower-bath„ should he daily used,
Ar thrice a week,. AAA (p.-
ai lii - 14tist twice or or.,
really after each, a cooked towel shoind be
freely used over the surface, This not only
promotes healthful cutaneous attimi, but also
that of subjacent tissues, and thus largely con•
tributes to the general health, and is sense.
quently a protection against all kinds of eat.
demise. The air in contact with the in
ternal Mid external surfaCeOilhi.be kept
pure. Sittin-rooms and dormitories should be
well-ventilated. In perfectly SOUrid deep there
is a large increase of vitality in the tissues
hence, regular sleep is a great preventive of
diseases.
The nervous tissue is the most delicate of
the animal structures. It forms the brain and
spinal marrow, with their numerous cords and
branches, dispersed through this Orgailiethe
and the nerves of organic life, distributed to
the vessels and viscera of the system. In its
close texture with all the other tissues, it
forms direeteommunication between all parts
of the vital republic, Coamuently, eaddelit
the 'alimentary ca
nal.
'Rapid expenaltpre or
vitality through the
tissues / to aid nature
in her violent effort
to reiiist disorganize.
tion.
Inflammation of tins
mucous membrane
Of the aliTnelltery ea
nal and rapid ea
haustion of the se-
rum of the lungs. -
Suspension of the
caloric function of
the skin and blood.
Blood not renovated
by vital tainbugtlon
of its carbon through
the pores of the skin,
and through the air.
cells of the lungs,