FrPLE7.3, ,
raLIBRZI) DAILY (SU INTDAYS uxcErr
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WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 23, MP
TUE NEWS.
y esto .th-ty, nothing was done towards the
tr i a l of captain Wim beyond arguing the mO
- quash the charges and specifications ;
:li gament of defendant's counsel being,
11;0 they were too general and uncertain,
a.l lhat the offences charged were cognisable
eiviL and not military courts? , The motion
it „, overruled. The Judge Advocate then
ge.sted that the court adjourn, and the
,ironer be remanded to the Old Capitol. The
judge Hughes, objected to. this pro
ce . but it was insisted on, and the
i
fo al adjourned. The adjournment caused
;;; ,.h ,urpriso, and no explanation has as yet
given of it. It is thought the charges
Wirz will be amended, in several im
] octant particulars., by the prosecution. To
tii! his counsel objects, Wirz having already
rioadcd not guilty to the charges on which he
i. arraigned.
Jiff Davis, in a letter to one of his counsel,
Gillette, of Albany, says he is entirely
.IsOrant, as yet, of the charges against him.,
6,1(
i the time and place of his trial. A letter
t ea TO the President by Gillette, asking for
w e ratation on these points, still remains ull
anAcreti—so it is supposed that the President
lin , not yet determined on his course. Davis
an immediate consultation between Gil
l. tie and Charles Mono; of New York, so
. 1 . ,A they may benrenared for whatever is to
corny.
Reports of the destitution in the Southern
..t;ites are fully confirmed by the observations
of the Special Provost Marshal of the War De.
',aliment, who haslu.st returned from a brief
4 - ) through the Southern States, whither he
OVA On Official business. lie found the people
not only destitute, but exceedingly, desirous
of mlbmitting, to the United States Govern.
tient. If the coming elections are fair, it is
held that there will be little difficulty in re-
Organization.
Daher C. Gallagher; who was recently ar-
Teieti in New York, charged with forging
piers for commutation of rations of soldiers
c onfined in rebel prisons, to the amount of
was yesterday 'brought before. United
Commissioner Hallett, in Boston. On
v.aivinginn examination, he was held in $15,000
aril for trial.
Major General Iliteheeek publishes in the
Ww,hington Chronicle a defence of the Govern
;nod, against charges preferred against
1 1,5 - New York newspaper correspondents,
loning that the cessation of the exchange of
priAnlers was not- oar fault, but that of the
r „.bels,
.1 night express train from lowa, on the
b!xon and Fulton branch of the Chicago and
North Western ,Railroad, ran into a culvert
that had been washed away, on Monday night.
'fl engineer, - fireman, express messenger,
one passenger were killed. Others were
injured.
AU the articles and all the excitement in
and especially in - Richmond, are un
late,,ary, since a convention held at Alexan
klritt‘etac six months ago has done all that
frivnas of a new convention propose for it
Jo.
!Ventral Wheeler was badly beaten in Nash
ville yesterday by two Union officers, who
,;nririg the Ivar he had threatened to kill. He
in had health when attacked. On the same
day a rio: Look place at a German pie -nit.
contradiction is given to the reports we
1 .1 a% e i , ccu receiving every other day from the
h, detailing gross brutalities onthe freed-
It is said thatmost of the narrations are
;_;1,,, exaggerations, got up for effect.
lasurrectioa among the negroes is appre
-I..aded by some Of the South Carolina
;.::esters, on or about the lint of Inauary.
They .-:ay the negroes are preparing, and they
:OEIOO.
.'0111: K. Goodloc has been appointed by the
1 resident, U. S. Attorney for the district of
3.cui..iana, and John J. Williamson Attorney
fur tie Western District of Tennessee,
large workshop on BlackvrelPs Island was
ei-terday morning burnt to the ground ; loss,
$20,0c0. The property belonged to the city, and
lie fire was accidental.
Every effort is being made to complete the
Toledo and Wabash. Railroad. Eight hundred
laborer,. were yesterday despatched to wprk
on it.
Gladevin, .a native of Connecticut
wa, yesterday arrested in Now York, on the
chiage of having forged drafts to a considers_
MEM
rill is published in the Louisville Dann:4
, Or a National Tobacco Convention, to meet
'n that city on the second Wednesday in
pt ember.
Tlw Commissioner of Internal Revenue has
ieliiresoed an important letter
to Sheridan
which mill be found elsewhere.
Robberies and murders are constantly taking
'place around Memphis.
The stock market was somewhat irnpreved
}(ter lay, and there was a good demand for
Government loans. •The railway list is firm,
Tith, however, but little doing. Oil stocks are:
very much depressed.
11( , t1 cattle sold at New York yesterday at
: . ora t , to 17 cents. Sheep from cY, to 7 cents,
2/ti some from 12 to wt,,g cents.
ILIIKPOWDER MADE HARMLESS-
The famous •ROGER 8., , ,c0x, who knew
more of natural philosophy than his name
sake FRANCIS, the sage of Verulam, has
!leen generally credited with the invention
d gunpowder, and it is reported that
tuition were first used, only five centuries
tzo, in the reign of EDWARD 111., of Eng
lad. It is doubtful, however, whether
114 Greek fire of the Byzantine Emperors
atyl the yet earlier "terrestrial thunder "
t. , 1 China and India did not greatly antici
pate the so-called " invention " of Friar
llicox. The. explosive effects of a finely
triturated blending of nitre, sulphur,
Intl Charcoal were known in Spain
and other places, as early, at least,
f . ' , the year 1216, at which time
BAtox announced his discovery. It may
have been original with him, but he also
hn,y 'dive derived it from others, and there
!: ,, v;" to be seen in the Bodleian Library
ftl Oxford, where it was discovered by the
FILA - Nms. PALGRAVE, letter from.
Si.anisli friar, Brother FEituABIUS, Who
BACON'S cotemporary, in which
11^ maicrials of the Greek fire are detailed,
4ill'ering only in proportions, and those but
from real gunpowder. The first
( ua , a was called " Crake," which is only
, Norrnan corruption of Greek, and is pre
‘e'ct k•i, to this day in the work "cracker,"
t‘liieh our young folks continue to consume
great abundance, on the Fourth of July
the twenty•second of February, in
year.
Whoever . the inventor, gunpowder has
o. , :ainued, for centuries, to be a noble ser
-,4lit and a tyrant master. Restrained within
(1 :f: hounds it is all powerful, yet manage
'lle; but let a single spark fall on it, and its
'feels, ou life and property, may be as de
t.a.,:tatina as those of an earthquake. It has
been reserved for modern science, applied
the ingenuity of a man who is stone
to deprive gunpowder of its hitherto
.r itpres:Able tendency to become mischie
you. and destructive. Mr. GALE, who has
ul luiplislied this, has made various public
" l iliiitions of his discovery, and always
l rhh vemplete success. The latest.of I - Lose
v.te, wade three weeks ago, in London be
,
1 "; the Commander-in-chief of the British
a large number of military and naval
and a crowd of scientific gentlemen.
7inic,3 has given a full report of what
dime, which we here condense:
, it-rehg itre contained in a temporary
of Piled-up bricks, and a large wooden
141,1 e to `import the materials about to be ex
ii'.'lluiested with, formed the only appliances
except Some slow matches, fuses,
7'" l a leggiot poker. liar.
Gale, in the first in
exhibited his own powder, which is
hiela red to be simply glass ground as line
lie next proceeded to test its
lc, when mixed with gunpowder in vac • quantities. Muni proportionS of the
and gunpowde r , when placed
-ether in a howl, went off like a squibotiam 41341
the same res when the
the separatinu g ltfollowe powder was doubled. As
however, as the proportion had been in
(reaaed from two to one to thre • to one, there
vas a visible slackening in the amount of
omilmstion, explosion no longer taking place;
four to one is stated to be the propor
?KAl be weight--lbongli to the eye the bulk
h , fteieit into thetiowder looked larger still—
:e which the mixture may with impunity be
.. . 1' .,. ) ,
1 ! ( ! (1 eil to the action' oi . rases and red-hot
1, A good-sized bundle of this diluted
INA - der-1f the ithrase can be applied. to a
n i , iiire a from which all moisture is excluded
Itsp4ilsr
hateveh%-teicinwtaligewil.rare though the
none of the resultsed
folfOTondhallileeti
,!.:,ght have been expected. Insteld of a loud
car and destructive: burst of flame from the
]"creel the tire itself seemed in dange of
i n F i c „tinguished 'by the dead weight of i r mwil i c e r .
g it down and it was only here and
irci,(...uit small puffs of dust flew out. between
s i,‘: li f i onll .: s : when isolated grains of theimwder
disgusted as it were with the
_ pitfs ailing around them. This ex
•tal;7uT unS s
repeated more . than once, and
,irine with success. malty, a keg eon
il)rogasisrf
stirredtlie r
aboutxre wi%cha
Poker - without Y produeing any othe r than great smoke and occasional Jets
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VOL. 9.-NO. 20.
of flame, choked almost as soon as they showed
themselves, was placed upon the fire. Kut
even here the united efforts of the gunpowder
and SIAM proved unable to pet lire to the
slaves of Mel:Perm), ko potent is this pOW(lel'ed
glass as a fire anmhtintor. The actual grains
of gunpowder In the mixture caught fire and
burnt away_whenever they were stirred and
brought in contact with anything to ignite
them • and two or three times, when Mr. Saun
dersirinired out the mixture quickly from the
burrs!, it looked like liquid flame. But the
power of miSellief (aided with the PConAutrip
tion of the individual grains. The, mass was
Soon as black and cold as ever. A. certain
amount of raw powder was placed in the con.
Ire of n still larger quantity of the mixture,
and set lire to. The result was the same as in
the case of gun-cotton placed upon gunpowder.
The highly mfiammable material went elf in
moire, and the residue remained uninjured.
After each experiment, Portions of the mix
ture which had been exposed successfully to
the action of fire were sifted, and the, gunpow
der, once withdrawn from its safety envelope,
exploded without difficulty.
The idea of rendering gunpowder non
explosive, now first practically carried out,
has repeatedly been placed before scientific
FADRIEFF, Professor of Chemis
try at St. Petersburg, tried experiments
with this view between the years 1840 and
1844, and had been preceded by M. Pro
nERT, the well-known French writer upon
gunpowder, in 1885. M. PIOBERT mixed
sand, in a pure state, with gunpowder, but
its ready absorption of damp wholly pre
vented its use. In Mr. GALE'S public ex
periment it was shown that the gunpowder
was not only rendered innocuous, but kept
dry. Some of the mixture was placed in a
glasS vessel, which Was filled with water,
and allowed to stand till the close of the ex
periments. The water was then thrown
out, and upon examination the damp was
found to have affected the mixture to the
extent of little more than a quarter of an
inch in depth. The gunpowder, when sifted
out in the usual manner, yielded at once to
the action of fire.
Various objections have been made to
the use of this process. One was that the
great increase in bulk which must take
place to enable gunpowder to be carried or
stored with safety upon Mr. thr..u.ls princi.
ple would form a very serious practical
drawback. This, however, he contended,
was a difficulty more apparent than real,
since the cost of carriage would be vastly
diminished by his proposal. At present,
gunpowder can only be transported from
place to place at exceptional rates and un
der the most stringent regulations. Ren
der it inexplosive, and therefore innocuous,
and it will take its place at once with ordi
nary merchandise. Another objection was,
that instances may arise when time or fa
cilities for sifting the gunpowder would be
inadequate in actual conflict. Mr. GALE
does not deny this, but, according to his
contention, we are not always at war. It
is on one day, perhaps, out of a thousand
in her existence that a frigate now-a-days
requires to have her magazines open, and
her guns sbotted in anger ; and if; mean•
while, secure storage and facile transit can
be exchanged for the dangers that now ex
ist and surround us, ashore and afloat, two
very appreciable advantages will be gained.
Again, it is questioned whether as the
shooting quality of the powder must depend
upon the completeness with which the sift
ing process is performed, a serious element of
uncertainty may not be introduced, It
may be a question, too, if the
_glass will not
destroy in a great measure the glaze and
surface of the powder, thus materially alter
ing its character. Another difficulty may
arise from the fact that the mixing and sift
ingproeesses will always be attended with
more or less danger. There would be de
lay in the sifting process, as well as danger.
Lastly, if the prepared-gunpowder, packed
up in barrels, had to be conveyed a long
distance, the motion of land or sea carriage
Might sift the powdered glass down to the
bottom of the vessel, leaving a large portion
of the contents with its original inflamma
bility. All these points have to be consi
dered and provided against; but there can
be no doubt that Mr. GALE'S discovery is
of very great importance, and may be ad
vantageously applied, in many instances,
to reduce the danger now universally ex
isting from the destructive inflammability
of gunpowder.
WASHINGTON.
WAsuiNuTox, August 22.
Presidential Appointments.
The President has appointed Jonw K. Goon-
LOE United States Attorney for the district of
Louisiana, and Joux L. WILLIAMSON Attorney
for the Western district of Tennessee.
The Melol of Captain Wira.
There seems to be no doubt that the charges
and specifications against Captain Wiaz will
be amended by the prosecution in several
pornmt particulars ; but his counsel will take
issue that this cannot be done, the prisoner
having already pleaded not guilty to the
charges on which he was arraigned yesterday.
What Virginia Shonld Remember.
A Virginia State Convention, which assem.
bled at Alexandria some months ago, adopted
the proposed anti-slavery amendment to the
Constitution of the rutted States. It appears,
however, from. newspaper articles and other
indications, that there is a total ignorance on
that subject in the vicinity of Richmond, or
else there would not be such an earnest ad.
voeacy of a Convention to do what has already
been done. As Goycinor PIERPONT and the
Legislature which assembled at Alexandria
are recognized by the leading men of Virginia
as legal, it occasions much comment here that
they should ignore the State Convention which
assembled underthe same exclusive authority.
INTERNAL urovionum DELMORE.
ROW ERRONEOUSLY COLLECTED TAMES MAY DE,
RECOVERED-110W VESSELS ARE NOT REGARDED
AS MERCH.AWDIST4--,MVITIV:STIS
WASHINGTON, August 22.—The Commissioner
of Internal Revenue has addressed. the follow
ing letter to Sheridan Shook, CoDee:tor of the
Thirty-second District of New York :
WASFIENGTON, August 22,186 x.
Sin : I have been informed that the opinion
prevails to some extent among the bankers
and brokers of your city, that the provisions
of the third section of March 3d, ISO, which
requires the Collectors to deposit daily in the
Treasury all moneys received by them Tor in
ternal duties, supercede the provisions of
section forty-four, of the act of June
aeth,. lsal, which authorizes the Com
missioner of Internal Revenue to remit
funds, and pay back all duties erroneously or
illegally - assessed or collected, or unjustly as
seSsed or excessive in amount, and therefore
that it will not be in the power of the Conunie
sioner of Internal Revenue to pay back at a
future day the taxes which may - be held by the
Supreme Court to have been illegally assessed
and collected. A brief examination and com
parison of the two sections above referred.
to will show this apprehension to be with
out foundation. The act of March 3a,
1F65, is an amendatory act, and repeals
only such provisions of former enactments
as are inconsistent with the amendments.
Accordingly, section sixteen, to require daily
deposits of collections by each collector, is
not inconsistent with the provision authoriz
ing the refunding of taxes illegally or in any
manner improperly collected, The authorit•-
eonferrea upon the Commissioner to 'Willa
such taxes. by drawing his draft upon the CoL
lector of Internal Revenue, is inconsistent
with the provisions requiring such collectors
to deposit all collections in the Treasury. It
became necessary, therefore, not to refuse re
payment in such cases, but to substitute an
other mai& and taxes collected erroneously
are now refunded with as much promptness
as before the act of March 3d, 1865, took effect.
The seine section, forty-four, which autho
rized the Commissioner to draw against
moneys in the hands of collectors authorized
the Secretary of the Treasury to prescribe re
gulations under which taxes erroneously col
lcted could be refunded, and these regula
tions have been changed to meet the require
ments of thearnended g law.
The Commissioner is now required to make
application, from time to time, to the Secre
tary to have the necessary sums placed to his
credit with the Assistant Treasurer, at New
'York, upon which he draws in like manner, as
if. the moneys were in the hands of collectors.
It will he seen, therefore, that neither the
ability to pay nor the facility with which such
payments may be made to tax-payers have
been impaired in tho slightest degree by the
operation of the act of afarch 3,1865.
Very respectfully,
r. LI,If ORTON, Commissioner,
The Commissionet of Internal Revenue to
day made the following decisions :
That vessels are not regarded as merthan
dise within the meaning of section ninety-nine
of the act of June 30th, 1804; and the tax of
one-eighth of one per cent. imposed by said
section upon Vie sales of merchandise is not
tO be assessed on the sale Of vessels.
. .
i n reg ard to dividends, the CommissiOner
has made the following decision : It is held by
this office that all dividends declared by any
of the institutions mentioned in section
120 of the excise law Since the first day of July,
1804 are subject to the tax of five per cent.,
without regard to the time when the profits
upon which such dividends are based were
earned.
—Rusginn journals diSelles with asperity a
measure just taken by the Prussian Govern
ment. This is the promulgation of an order
changing the names of many of the villages in
the Grand Duchy of Posen or Prussian Poland,
so that Koutschewicy is metamorphosed into
linntzendOrf, anti CllOUtallowo into Leetni.u
zen.
THE TRIAL OF ERZ.
UNIMPECTED ADJTOURNMENT
OF THE COURT.
Nil DAY FIXED FOR REASSEMBLING
W.A.entnrrOrt, August 21—The motion to
quash the charges and specifications against
Captain Wirz, made by the defendant's coml.
Sel, was argued principally by Judge hughes,
who contended that they were too general and
uncertair,and that the offences charged were
cognizable by civil and not military courts.
The Commission overruled the motion.
The prisoner then pleaded "not guilty" to
the charges against him.
Col. Chipman., the Judge Advocate, suggest
ed that the prisoner be remanded to the Old
Capitol, and that the court now adivrn. In
this the court, without a formal vote, acqui
esced.
Judge Hughes wished to know to what time
the court had adjourned.
Col. Chiprilan replied that he would notify
the counsel of the reassembling of the Court,
and then requested the witnesses in attend
ance to give information as to where they re
side, and instructed them not to leave the city
until properly discharged. Judge Hughes said
he would like to be heard.
Col. Chipman replied that under the Parlia
mentary law there could be no debate.
Major General Wallace said the Court stands
adjourned; consequently there can be no argu
ment.
Judge Ilughes said the prisoner haring been
arraigned, we enter our protest against, break
ing up the Court or an indefinite postpone
ment. We ask either for the discharge of the
prisoner or to proceed with the trial.
Major General. Wallace replied that the court
had adjourned.
During this colloquy the prisoner was re
moved from the court-roOnl by the military
guard.
The adjournment, without a day having
been named for the reassembling of the court,
took the counsel and spectators by surprise.
No reason is as yet known for this course,
though there is a suspicion merely that the
charge of conspiracy may be withdrawn,
THE EXCHANGE OF PRISO
NERS.
Who is to Blame for the long Cessa•
tion—A Defenee of the Government.
VI - Astinurrou, Aug. 22.—Major General Hitch
cock has published a letter on the subject of
the exchange of prisoners ; the cause of its
suspension; the inhumanity of the rebel Go
vernment, and juatifying Secretary Stantonis
policy. He says :
"As long as the cartel for the exchange of
prisoners was respected in the South, it was
faithfully observed by our Government, and
there is no reason to doubt its faithful execu
tion by the Government - until the end of the
war, unless properly revoked by competent
authority, if the rebel authorities had not
most distinctly violated its terms under cir
cumstances, indeed, of great aggravation.
"The day must come when every true
American will be proud of the reflection that
his Government was strong enough to crush
the rebellion without losing the smallest ele
ment of its humanity or its dignity, and
stands before the world unimpeached in its
true honor and glory.”
FORTRESS MONROE.
Pursuit of a Stolen Steamer.
FORTRESS Mormon, August:U.—Sailed, steam
er Claymont for Philadelphia.
Last evening Major Gen. Miles received in
formation that the steamer Stolen, or said to
have been stolen from New . York, about a
month since, was seen yesterday passing into
Watehafreagal Inlet. The General conse
quently despatched a detachment of about
thirty men, in charge of Lieut. Bownian, of
the gd Pennsylvania Artillery, to go in search
of the steamer. They left here at 11 (retook
last evening, on the steamer Blackbird, and
have not returned up to this hour, 8 P. M.
THE FREEDMEN.
The Alleged itrutalitieg Committed on
Them—A Contrmilletion.
WILMINGTON, N. C., August 15.—The Wilming..
ton Herald of the 15th contains an official com
munication from Mayor McClain, of Fayette
ville, in which he states that instead of two
negroes being tied up and publicly whipped,
iR Fayetteville, that one negro, after being
convicted of larceny, was whipped according
to the sentence and law of the State. Also,
that the report of negroes being tied to trees,
and whipped and left until a storm prostrated
the trees, is false. The report originated from
the fact that a military officer caused two
sheep-stealingnegroes to be tied by the thumbs
to lamp-posts for two hours. The Mayor knows
of no cases of cruelty to negroes, either by
civilians or civil authorities. It. H. Hardie,
Sheriff of Cumberland county, states that the
report that he publicly whipped two negroes
at Fayetteville, is false.
Gen. Wheeler badly Beaten-Riot at a
Pic-n1 .
NEW Yona, August 22.—A special despatch
from Nashville to the Work; says the ex-rebel
General Wheeler was badly beaten to-day, by
Colonel Blackburn and Captain Quenn, incon
sequence of a threat made during the war by
Wheeler, that he would kill Blackburn if ever
he took him prisoner, as be was a d—d
home-made Yankee. Wheeler was in bad
health when attacked, and was severely beat
en. There was a considerable riot at . the Ger
man Turners' pic-nic on Sunday afternoon,
resulting in the wounding of Lieutenant
"lardy, of the lath United States Colored Infan
try, and Lieutenant Colonel Touernteht, of
the 13th United States Colored Infantry.
The Approaching Trial of Jeff Davis.
WHAT DAVIS SAID ABOUT IT-HIS INSTIIIID.
==!
ALcArry, August 22.—R. If. Gillett, one of the
counsel of Jefferson Davis, in a note to the
Argus, says : "Mr. Davis has no more informa
tion concerning his trial than others haye. ,,
In a letter from Davis, dated August 15, to
Gillett, he says: "I am still ignorant of the
charges against me, the source of them, or the
tribunal before which I am to answer, Your
letter gave me the first notice of the Wash
ington indictment' ,
Davis requests Gillett to have a conference
with Charles (Monne; his only other coun
sel, so that they may be prepared for the trial
whenevefit may be brought on, with as little
delay as the nature and importance of the
case will permit. A direct application to the
proper department asking to be informed, if
not improper, when, where, and before what
tribunal Davis was to be tried, remains unan
swered, because, as is supposed, neither have
been actually determined by the President.
Another Railroad Accident—Four Per
sons Killed and Others Wounded.
Cnicaoo, August 22.—The night Express
Train from lowa, on the Dixon and Fulton
branch of the Chicago and Northwestern Rail
road, ran into a culvert which had been washed
away by a Storm last night. The engineer,
fireman, and. one express messenger were
killed, and three passengers were injured, but
not seriously.
Annrch, - Around Memphis.
(III.,) August 22.—Many robberies and
murders are still committed near Memphis,
many persons losing large sums of money.
Two hundred and eighty-six bales of cotton
have arrived for St. Louis, eighty-seven. for
Lowibyine, and fifty-four for Evansville.
A Loek of 'lair from the Head offs
Spirit.
The spiritualists organ of Chicago is respon
,nible for the following :
.
Re (Eddy) is a medium for physical mani
festations, and a darkened TONI
was - required,
as is
usual, for this class of manifestationS.
We so fixed him that he could not move from
his position. We sewed his pants to the car
pet, in - which condition he remained through
the seance. All the varied phenomena were
ben witnessed that are at the seances of the
Davenport brothers, or in hnrch's circles.
iptrits materialized themselsrea se as to shake
hands with those ?resent, write messages to
different individuals present, play on musical
instruments, and talk familiarly with many
If not ull present in a loud whisper, placing
their faces against those with whom they con
versed. /1 lady spirit, calling her name Kate,
who died in St. Louis eleven years ago, cut
from het' head, with my penknife, a lock of
beautiful] auburn hair, and gave it to me. It
remains material, and can be seen by any one
desiring to inspect it. Mr. Eddy is a good me
.hum, and I cheerfully recommend him to in
vestigators of the facts of spiritual philoso
phy,
Personal.
It is reported that Colonel A. D. Streight,
whose escape from Libby Prison gave him -a
national reputation, is about to become the
editor of the Indianapolis Sentinel, the State
orp;an of the epposition in Indiana—a journal
heretofore remarkable for its seeeeession pro
clivities and identification with the O.A.
This is an_ bulleation that the Democratic
bodies in Indiana, like those of Maine, New
York, and Minnesota, have determined upon
a change of front.
The New York Express publishes the fol.
lowing extract from a privAte letter written
to a resident of that city :
" As all the negroes are to be turned loose
upon the country on the first day of January
next, the question is, ?low are they to live ?
poor creatures, their doom is sealed. They or
the white race must perish, Which win nbe?
Will the North stand by and see their own
flesh and blood perish at the hands of the
negroes? I fear for the first Of January to
come. We are sure they are preparing for the
crisis. They are arming themselves now, and
1 think they have more weapons than the
whites, We baye but tew arms tea detezta
II I 4 1 - EDNESDAY, AUGUST 23. 1865.
ourselves with. As .for myself,. I have none.
Sherman got my shot-gun and revolver. I in
tend, however, to send for a pair of army re
volvers, with fixed cartridges to I want
good ones, for I am sere I shall need them."
—ln the Baptist church-yard at HoOsick
Falls, N. Y., may be seen a rude bottra Which
marks the grave of Nat. Ship Man, the original
of FennimOre Cooper's " fieerslarerr ill the
well-known novel of that name, and of " Irawk
bye," in "The Last of the Mohicans:.": There
are documents to show beyond any doubt the
Authenticity of this grave and there' is 6 a
movement on foot among the residents Of
lioesick Falls to erect a monument worthy of
a character immortalized in the romance of
the northern wilderness. Until recently a
somimlaw of the Deerslayer," named Ityam
lived in Hoosiek
THE SOUTHERN PEOPLE.
Their'Condition—Many Actually Sturvi
ing to Death—llnivereal Hatred of
Jett Davis—h r otea from the Dlary of a
Shrewd Observer.
General J. C. Baiter, special Provost Marshal
of the War Department, who has recently re
turned from a trip through a portion of the
Southern States, whither he wont on official.
business, - ..anmis the reports of the utter des'
Motion of. the Soutt,,aa ramole, and of the de
sire to cheerfully submit to the wi - she of the •
lifiVernment. The sufferings of these unfor
tunate beings are almost indescribable. With
atew exceptions—all of which will come within
the *20,000 clause of President Johnson's pro
clamation—the people are actually starving.
In crowds they conic to the lines of the rail
roads in the hope of picking up something
from the passing trains, with Whiell to hold
body and soul - together. There they live
in tents, huts, and mud-houseS, and even in
many cases hi the woods, without shelter
of any kind. They have no money.
A planter who lived near Andersoaville, and
owned, before the war, two plantations and
forty-seven negroes, declared tbathe could no
longer make a living in the South. When the
rebellion commenced he yielded to the persua
sions of his wife, and sold his negroes and
mules. Pm he invested the proceeds in Com
federate bonds, bearing eight per cent. inte
rest. He felt perfectly comfortable; had no
thing to do; and, being beyond the age when
lie could be conscripted, reposed on iris lau
rels, and took life easy. One day he heard that
"Mr. Sherman," as all the negroes called that
dashing general, was coming, and lie tried to
sell his Confederate bonds. To his utter dis
may, nobody would buy them at any price,
and, hi an hour, he found himself penniless.
He had, however, a patch of corn and a few
hogs. Ile thought he would try to raise a lit
tle pork; "But," said he, "I fed them just as I
did before the war, and Pm if I could fat
ten them. They were bound to keep lean. I
can't fatten a hog any longer in this Southern
country, and if anybody will buy my two plan
tations, I will go North, and try to make a
living there."
General Baker stopped at a log, cabin to get
something to eat. The inmates .were just
upon the verge of actual starvation. There
was a ru l n o g oi lv e orp of rout thirty i years of
c a firdt s •e i n e . The mother -- w el a ' s m s?ow e l? and ying w o c ;
consumption. The daughter was scarcely
clad enough to bide her nakedness. Her dress
consisted of gunny bags sewed together, fast
ened around - her neon and reaching to her
knees, and even this miserable apology % for
raiment was frayed and tattered to rags. `Two
little children were running. about as naked
as they were born. The young woman said :
" We were always poor folks, but we could al
always get enough to eat. Now we have
nothing, and do not know how we are to live
from tiny to day. But we are ns well off as the
rest." A good many of the people about there
had died, and the only cause was absolute
starvation.
The whole country was desolated. General
Baker gave this poor woman five dollars, and
she begged that he would allow her "old
man" to go on his train up to Atlanta to buy
something to eat. The old man, on being pro
duced, was found hardly able to drag one leg
after the other—lie was weak • from hunger.
He went to Atlanta, was furnished with trans
portation back, and gained for himself and his
family a week's respite from famine.
In contrast to this misery of the poor whites
was the gorgeous and ostentatious display of
some of the nouveaux riohat of the Confedera
cy—those who had been engaged in cotton
stealing, smuggling, buying and selling Con
federate bonds, and dealing in the "secret
service" fund. It is said that the mansions of
these favorites of the Confederate Government
are most magnificent. The frirnittlfe is costly,
and as fine as can be procured in the world.
Paintings of rare value adorn the walls, and
all the appointments are of the most luxuri
ous and elegant description. The blockade
runneis and the exchange brokers, who have
flourished during the rebellion, have made
great fortunes, but their gold will eventually
blister their hands.
General Baker (Luestioned aitnOit every per
son he met as to his feelings in regard to Jett
Davis. The feeling of bitterness against him
and all the leaders of the rebellion was univer•
sal. During the whole trip he found but one man
who was friendly to the President of the late Con
federacy. .Everybody was either indifferent to his
fate or hoped he would be executed. -The evidence
accumulates rapidly. to Show, that during the
last two years of the rebellion,Davis exercised
a despotic sway over a people who were ready
to give up . the fight and abandon the Confede
racy. It is known that many who are now
considered to have been among the leaders of
the rebellion were opposed to the obstinate
and persistent course of Jeff. Davis. After
GettysburVicksburg, and Chattanooga, they
recognize heir failure to establish a nation
on the foulliidation of human slavery. They
considered the light hopeless, and were anx
ious to stop the further effusion of blood, and
prevent the inevitable impoverishment of the
country. The South, , as well as the North, re
cognizes in Jefferson Davis the prime mover
of the rebellion, and the responsible head of
the cable which ruled the unfortunate desti
nies of the Confederacy.
From all accounts it would appear that if a
fair expression of the feelings of the Southern
people can be obtained at the next election,
but little difficulty will be experienced in the
work. of reconstruction. The people have no
love for the defunct Confederacy, and in the
opinion of General Baker, even the most ig,no
rant understand that they have been fearfully
duped and victimized.
BOSTON.
Another Defaulter The Fifty-fourth
Massachusetts.
BOSTON, August 22. Governor Andrew to
day received a letter, dated August 17th, from
Col. Hallowell, of the 51thInegiment, Colored
Troops, in which he says his command will
probably sail for Boston, on board the United
States transports Charles Thomas and General
on the 21st of August.
Luther C. Gallagher, who was arrested, in
New Ton - , charged with forging orders for
commutation rations of soldiers confined in
rebel prisons, to the amount of $B,OOO, was
brought before United States Commissioner
Hallett to-day, and, waving an examination,
was held in $15,000 bait for trial.
NEW YORK CITY.
NEW YORK, August 22, 1865
The steamer Granada has arrived, from
Charleston oh the 19t11. The 'United States
steamers Donegal, Commodore McDonough;
Gladeolas, and sloop-of-war John Adams, had
sailed for the North.
FIRE ON BLACKWELL'S ISLAND.
A large workshop ou BlackwelPs Island was
accidentally burned thia morning. The loss
amounted to twenty, thousand dollars. The
property belonged to the city.
ARREST OF AN ALLEGED FORGER
George Gladevin, aged 29, a native of Con
necticut, has been arrested, charged with
signing an endorsement on a stolen draft on
Trowbridge & Sons, of New Haven, for 40,909,
and paying for some jewelry therewith, and
receiving the balanee in cash.. tie also,. by
forging the name of Aaron Smith, obtained
possession of over *200,000 in bonds of the
Tiltlin and. Foit Wayne Railroad, at the St.
Nicholas Hotel, and decamped. The arrest
took place in New Haven, and the bonds were
recovered. The thief is now in the Tombs,
FURTHER ARRIVALS FROM BUROPE.
The Steamship City of Baltimore, from Li
verpool, and steamer Borussia, from South
ampton, have arrived. Their dates have Mien
anticipated.
NEWISERN ANI) WILMINGTON
The steamers Perot anti Arladna, from Sa
vannah, the Euterpe, from Wilmington, and
El Cid, from Newbern, arrived this morning.
[We have received the mails, but there is
uething of important° in them beyond dis
cussions of the causes of the failure of the
Atlantic Cable, gossip concerning the cho
lera, &e.]
Beef is easier. The receipts amounted to.
Woo heaci. Sales at afpric. Sheep lower. Re-.
ccipts IS,OOO head. Sales at Ware. Swine
firmer. Receipts 10,000 Hogs.' Sales at 12012%c.
THE STOCK EXCHANGE
SECOND HOAHJ).
2500 SOs 'Bl r...... 107 800 Erie Railway.. 83 1 4
35000 do 5-20 r 105 200 do .... . . ....sib 83 , 4
10 500 410 c.100 3 i 200 Readiiigit....s3o.lo2 . , 3
w o w 0 0 10644 100 Mich Con 50 100
1000 do 5./t 10.40..0 07% 10 111 Coo It
10000 do Ti Nts 211 100 Vtcv ,4 Nita ft— 0734
i , riet/ ...lira 200 do slO 073‘,
20000.0 & :Miss c 00.... 23 , 4 100 Chi &It . l R 105
3030 CI3&Q , 8s 1.....100 . % 20 (10 .„.10,5
Commerce...lo4 200 MU & Du Ch... 41
200 Cum Coal pref.. :034 1/0 do 4110
200 (nl/..k - Min C 0... 5434 100 PPt W 14;1
Jooi.YCcnli 00'4,
TUB. Isv11111.:41 gTOOK 110AIIEN
10 P. sales of gold 143 1 .46142% was
Uiii; Erie, KIM; Reading, 103; Afielugan South
ern, 62y, ; Roeir 100. Market dull and
steady.
Markets by Telegraph.
likummonx, Aug. 22.—Flour Arm, and the
high grades have advanced dde. Wheat firm.
Corn active; white, $1.85; yellow, $1.20. Oats
steady at 49@50e. Provisions dull. Whisky
heavy at $2.24.
ST.Loms, August 22.—Cotton firmer at 42e
for middling; receipts 546 bales. Flour—
Spring extra $11.58. Wheat improved. Spring
s7.lofilA ; Fall 51.45e2.30, the latter for choice.;
Corn unchanged. Oats unchanged: 'Volume°
easier; Shipping Leaf, $17.75. No sales of
Whisky.
Clueleo, Aug. 21—Flour buoyant, at an ad
vanes of 10@15c. Wheat firm ; sales No. 1
$1.33 1 /41.35, closing at *1.34, and $1.2121.25 for
No. 2. - Corn dry% and 34:61110 higher ; sates No.
lat ilge, and No. E i tk6li6. Oats firm at 351§35Y20,
Freights unebanged: liigliwlnes quiet. rro
visions dull. •
Receipts. Shipments.
Flour, bbls 3,000 3,500
Wheat, bush 21,00 94,000
Corn, bush 25,900 22,200
Oats, bush 3,05,900 22,900
MIYWeusEE August 22.—Flour steady,Wheat
quiet at U.84(1)11.34% for No.l, paid $1.2861.29f0r
No. 2. Freights firm.
Receipts. Shipments;
Flour bbls' 10,000
Wheel, I )usb..l • " ' I: " 16.1600
a CHAMP FERGUSON,
A Pettional Interview with the Outlaw
and Guerilla—liis History—What be
Thinint and whist he Says .
[From the Nashville Dispatch.]
ny special permission of Major General
Tho Was, we - have been granted theprivilege of
- visiting and holding conversation with Champ
Ferguson, the noted prisoner now on trial
before the Military Commission in this city.
In extending this favor to- the reporter of
the Dispatch, we are enjoined to hold our in
terviews with the prisoner in the presence of
an &neer of the United States army, and to.
use his statements with due diligence and dis
cretion, in order that no injustice may be
done the prisoner or the Government. This
I'9 a very reasonable limit, and we will endea
vor to conform to it to the letter, withholding.
any statements that would tend on either side
to defeat the ends of justice. It may be well
enough to remark thatour daily attendance at
the court, in reporting the trial, has rendered.
our face familiar to the prisoner. And we
were further instrumental in obtaining per
mission from the authorities to furnish hint
with a copy of the paper, daily; containing the
report of his trial.
On Thursday we received the necessary en-•
dorsement on our application for the inter- ,
view, and at half-past two o'clock, proceeded
to• the military Driaoa, or State Penitentiary,
is whish. champ Ferguson is confined, We
were cordially received by Captain ftigFina i
genial officer, who, after reading the dOeu
went, accompanied us to the cell of the
prisoner, and was present during the inter
view.
RIS PRISON LIFE.
On arriving at the cell, the heavy bolts were
drawn, and the massive iron door slowly grated
on itshinges,as it opened and revealed the light
of day on the prisoner, who has all his life
romped over the broad fields and forests of his
mountain-home in Kentucky, and never before
knew the terrors of solitary confinement. We
found him sitting on his bed, with nothing. but
his pants and shirt on him. The coil is about
three by twelve feet, built in solid stone, and
/ the only ventilation is a grating at the top of
:i - the door, which is about ten feet high. It is,
however, quite cool, and fronts on a hall
sur
rounding the cells or dungeons, which is well
supplied with daylight. As the door opened,
Ferguson rose to his feet and advanced, at the
same time extending his hand to us in a cor
dialmanner. He appeared to anticipate the
object of our visit, and asked - for our name, re
marking that he had heard it called in the
eckirt-room, but disremembered. it. We at once
stated to him that we had, through the kind
ness of General Thomas, been permitted to
visit and converse with him, and that our ob
ioheee a fit t
d e e e v t e w l
u t O nl
0 publishwa
tot ts
He expressed his gratification in warm terms
in thus being privileged, as he remarked, "to
speak for myself."
RIB ICARLIC LIFE AND ASSOCIATIONS
After a table and chair were brought to the
door of of the cell we seated 'ourselves, and
Champ asked 11.9 what we would take first hi
his history. We asked him togive us his place
of birth and early associations, which he did,
substantially as follows :
I was born in Clinton county, Kentucky,
about four miles from Albany, on the 29th of
NeveMber,lB2l,and am now in my forty-fonrth
year. My father was a highly respected farm
er of that county, and was well known and es
teemed by :Alm) tothe time of his death, which
occurred about 1859. There were ten children
in the family, of which I am the oldest. My
Christian name is Champ. I was named after
my grandfather, who was sometimes called
Champion. There are Seven of us now living.
Besides myself, there is Benjamin, Mina, Ann,
Sallie, and Elizabeth, who are married, and
Mary and Margaret who are unmarried,
and just coming into womanhood. I saw all
of them in April last. My mother is still
living; she is about sixty-five years of age. I
have not heard from any of them since my
arrest. Like most farmer boys, I never had
much schooling. I recollect of
going to school
about three menthe, during which time I
learned to read, write, and cypher right
smart; and I can now read and write, but not
to brag on: I read the proceedings of the trial
in the paper you bring me, every day, at the
court-room., the cell being so dark that I
cannot read it. [A guard at this juncture in
terrupted Champ, by remarking that on seve
ral occasions candles had been furnished him ;
to which he replied that "he could not see it
in that light;" (meaning the candle, we sup
pose;) and that only one little stub had ever
been given him. This controversy , would
have een protracted had Captain Higgins
not ilifOrMedthe guard that no inter
ruption could be -permitted. Ferguson then
resumed.] 'r cut the proceedings out, and am
keeping..
_them safely together for future refer
ence. There are several papers which I
missed, and I hope you will get them for me,
as I want all the proceedings in the trial as
reported in your paper. But I must get back
to family matters, and not run away from the
subject umier consideration. Well, I have
been married twice. I was first married when
twenty-two years old, to Miss Ann Eliza
Smith. ..We had, one child, a boy. My wife and
child died about three years after our mar
riage. I was married again to Miss Martha
Owens, my present wife, about seventeen
years ago. I have only one child; a daughter,
who is now in her sixteenth year. I have onli
bad one visit from them since my arrest, and
that was shortly after I
. got into this scrape.
They are not allowed to visit or converse with
me, and I feel very lonesome in not seeing
them oftener.
HlB HEALTH AND MIND
We remarked to Champ that he had de
clined rapidly durir!g his imprisonment, and
alluded to his emaciated appearance. We at-'
tributed it to his mental troubles, and ex
pressed the opinion that his mind must be ter
ribly wrecked by the continual contemplation
of his position. To our utter surprise Champ
replied as follows:
You are greatly mistaken as to the cause of
my falling off and sickly appearance. It is
not from any mental suffering, for my mind is
quite easy. I seldom think of my trial or tha.
scenes of the past four years in which I arff
made to take so prominent a part. But I will
tell you how I have lost my health. During
the first two weeks of my imprisonment I was
hearty and bad an excellent appetite. I took
diarrhea% and have been Suffering from it ever
since. My food consists of nothing bat osack
ers, meat and coffee, and I have no relish for
this kind of food in my present condition. To
a man like me, who lies always been accus
tomed to the very best fare, this prison
life is terrible, and my appetite has left me.
All I avant is the right kind of victuals.
I have had a heavy cold, but I am getting tolel.
it. When I came into this prison I weighed
115 pounds, but now I don't suppose I would
weigh over 145. The doctor gave me some
cough bitters. I have had no liquor since my
confinement in lyrison. but I would like
to have a little bitters. It would dome more .
geed than anything I know of, I would give
anything for a dram. I sleep but very little
at night, and never through the day. I am
wakeful, and have dreams, but they are not
unpleasant. My mind is cheerful, and I do
not grieve or fret, as you suppose. You are
the only person who has been permitted to
visit me besides my wife, and I will be ghtd to
see you as often as you may come to the prison.
This is the first time in my . life that I was ever
kept in prison, and it is mighty hard fare.
CRAMP'S. RELIGIOUS BELIEF
We asked Champ if he had ever embraced
any religion, or whether he had any religious
faith, Ile raised his head, and a smile twin
kled in his expressive eye. He looked at US a
moment, in doubt, and asked if we were only
joking, or really in earnest. hi order to assure
him that we were not joking, we put the ques
tion in a more comprehensive and broader
light. We asked him if he believed in God
Almighty ; and a future world, and if ho ever
had any inelination or preference for one re
ligious denomination over another. Chain))
fully understood us now, but he could not re.
frain from smiling at the novelty of our ask
ing him if he was a religious man. He made
the following statement which shows that he
is at least a believer in Christianity, if he has
not practiced it
Weil, I believe that there is a God, who
governs and rules the universe, and that we
are all held responsible for our acts in this
world. I think, in fact, that the " Old - Man"
has been on my side this far in life, and I be
lieve he will stay with me, and bring me out
of this trouble ad right. I have been mighty
lucky through life anti I always thought that
God favored me. i place all my hope in mm,
and I don't. believe " the Old Man" will throw
me now. You asked me about my religious
choice. Well 2 I always thought that the Camp
bellites were just as good as any of them, anti
a little better.
FERGUSON'S PROPERTY
We Mired Champ how he stood in the world,
and what means he had for the support of his
family. Also, if he had accumulated any
money or property during the war. ILe stated
that he bad lost nearly all that he had by the
war, and his family had but little money. He
has several tracts of land which we added, and
found that they footed up four hundred and
sixty-two acres, This land is inClinton coun
ty, Ky. lie said he was doing Well before the
war, and only wished there never had been
any war.
THE MST MAN FERGUSON . KILLED—THRILLING
EEZETCE!
We adverted to the killing of Heed, the con
stable, before the war commenced, and asked
what indueed him to take up arms. To this
question lie made the following statement
some time before the war there were two
brothers named Evans, who lived in Fentress
county, Tennessee. They came over to Clin
ton county, and purchased a large number of
hogs from my brothers Ben, Jim, and myself,
and, in fact, from all in that neighborhood
Who bad hogs to sell, Floyd Evans gave his
notes for the payment. At the time appointed
by him to meet at Albany, we went down to
get our pay. On the road we met Alexander
Evans, one of the brothers, and a number of
others, who appeared to be in a big flurry
about something. When we rode up they told
us that Floyd had ran off with all the money,
and they were hunting for him. Alexander
Evans had done this to mislead his brother's
creditors, and Floyd in the meantime, had
left on a boat. Mr. Biter and I proceeded to
Livingston and brought suit against Floyd
Evans, and got a judgment. When we would
catch ;Meek Evans in Kentucky we invariably
attached his horse, and this is the way the
horse was taken that I have been charged with:
stealing. After a - while Floyd Evans returned,
and sent to Biter to have the suit drawn, giving.
security for the payment of the debt. Some
time after this my brother Jim and Bill Jones.
went over to Fentress county and brought
back a mare to Kentucky, and bad her' at
tached. A tow days after, this I went to a
camp meeting in Fentress county, at Lick
Creek, with a friend, and was entirely
ignprant of the taking of the mare by
.Tim and Bill Jones. However, they got the
idea in their heads that I was the author
of it, and after we were on the ground a short.
time, a friend came to me, and called my at.'
tention to a crowd who were with the Evans'
boys plOtting tome mischief. He advised me
to leave the grotind, for he had overheard
them talking in Agroups, and that they in
tended to either kill me or give me a severe
thrashing. I told him that I did not fear them,
and would not leave the ground until I got a
good ready. By this time I noticed them talk
ing in little squads and looking towards me.
Finally, I concluded, that rather tilfta have
any trouble with them, I would leave. Ac
cordingly I started for my horse, when the
mob commenced picking up stones, and
shouting, "kill him!":at the same time
sending a shower of . rocks at me. There
was about twenty of them, and I had non
thing but a small-peeketdenife about me.
However, it was bran new, and sharp as a roe
zor. I succeeded in mounting my mare, and
" let out," with the whole peek inursuit like
so many wolves that had got a taste of blood.
They took all the 119 Tees they squid g 414 9111
the ground,grol Wm race was for life with me.
I had a fleet Aia-toitit she was in foal,
At a gully or creek my Are fell in making
the jump, and hurt herself, so. that I had to
disittount and trust to my legs, They over ,
took me, and Floyd Evans came up first. I
tried th reason with him; and said : " Floyd,
what do you mean 1" He Wade nwinswer, and
i e l ti p lll a e rew at'ln ca l la ti o n e . o n w t
t im a rock tose s. ii l at ti a
him ft t n h d e r
b e
1 1
tb is time Jim Read and some theotliers had
me surrounded, A furious battle ensiled with
rocks. I struck Floyd Evans with one in the
stomach, and-he doubled up and got out of the
light. Read,who was a large man, and would
weigh fully two hundred poundh, closedon me.
I suppose lie was acting as constable. When
be got within a few feet of me, I elinehed hinr,
anti had my pocket knife out an&opened„- - We
had a scuffle, and I kept cutting him all the
time until he fell, and I stabbed him once or
twice. I thed Willed my attention4O Huddle
son, and chased him down a hill, to a fence;.
which he leaped, and got away fromme. The boys came running down the hill after
me, followed by the gang. I Stood, and Flora'
Evans and I came together. I had usy knife
in my hand, but ingot twisted some way and
split my thumb clean open. We had a• despe
rate struggle for the tomand finally I got my
knife in play and commenced sticking him
until I threw him and he fell with me astrad
dle of him. I drew himup by the collar; and
had my arru-anised to plunge the knife in
his bosom, when he Welted piteously in
my face. I spared his life, and threw
him away from me. The others closed
on me, and I had to run fordear life. I jumped
several fences in crossing fields, and left them
- far behind me. I never knew fast I could
=nm until that time; out a man can make a big
race when his life is the stake. I ran into a
house, and got up stairs. I found a heavy, old
fashioned bed wrench, and stood waiting for
the next attack, They soon came to the !Muse,
and cried out a Where is her' at the same thee
searching for me. I shouted to them "I am
here I" and I dare any of you to come for me.
A dispute then arose about who would take the
lead in ascending the stairs to take me.' After
a great deal of blustering and cursing, every
one of them backed out. At this time, all the
women -from the camp-ground were in and
around the house, screaming and crying, some
of them fearing they would kill me, and others
afrakL that I would-kill some 'of their rela
tives. Matters stood this way for some time,
until the Sheriff arrived, and Iwas called upon
to surrender. I refused, unless they Could
give me some assurance that my life would be
protected against the mob. After about two
hours threatening . , Jim Wright wanted me to
throw down my knife, but I refused until a
sacred promise was made that I should hare a
fair trial. I then came down and gave .up,
after which they tied me hand and foot, and
carried me to jail. Alexander Evans tried
hard to shoot me while I was on the way to
jail. He fired at me in the house. AS to the
statements published that Reuben Wood in
terposed and saved my life fromthe mob, it is
false. Reuben Wood was not there at all.
Shortly afterwards I was let out on bail, and
when the war broke out I was induced to join
the army on the promise that all prosecution
In that ease would be abandoned. This is how
I came to take up arms.
PIIII6I7PON A STRONG IniZON MAN
I was always a Democrat, and at the com
mencement of the War was a strong Union
man, and Toted the Union ticket against Se
cession in the elections of 1861. I further elec
tioneered and worked for its success, and
fought Secession.
TERGILMON'S SUPERIOR OFFICERS.
I always acted under orders.fromJohn Mor
gan up to the time ho made the raid into Ohio.
I was with him in most all of his raids in Ken
tucky and Tennessee. When he made the
Ohio raid he took forty of my men, and I was
left with only a small force. Col. Hughes was
with me in most of my expeditions, but we
generally gathered all the scouts and went to
gether. Ifughes,however, sometimes went on
his own hook.
RIS,SERREITDER AND ARREST
When i surrendered, I never dreamed of
being arrested. I did suppose, however, that
they would make me take all the oaths in ex
istence, but that I was willing to do, and 'live
up to them. Why, I could have. kept out of
their hands for ten years in Clinton county,
and have easily left as Hughes did, had I been
disposed to do so. But I have set forth all the
facts concerning my surrender in the two
affidavits or pleas, filed at the beginning of
the trial. As an clidOnco of this, Hughes
returned to his 4iome quite a time before I
did, and left without any trouble for parts
unknown, and who doubts but that I could
have done the same?
THE PUBLICATIONS BADE
We asked Champ if he had seen all the pub
lications made at different times concerning
him, and referred to the pamphlets published
by Dr. Hale, and newspaper articles. He told
us that he never more than heard of news
paper reports, but that he saw a pamphlet
printed Dr. Hale, at Squire Gwinn's one
day, and read a portion of it. It was the first
pamphlet. Champ says that it could not be
gotten up without a few unimpOttAtit fa.ets.
but that as a whole it is false. He says of De
Hale:
I have never bad any trouble with him, and
never gave him any cause to injure me. I
think he is my worst enemy, and is doing
more against me than any other man. I dis
tinctly recollect the last words we had. He
and some others got up arow with some rebels
at "Jim Town," and at that time the elements
were equally divided. I was walking away
from the crowd with a friend, when Dr. Hale
called to me,"Champ come and help me out
of this fuss." I told him I would .not—that I
already was under bonds, and would not en
gage ID. any row.• That was the last communi
cation we had.
CHAMP FERGUSON'S OPINION OF TINKER DAVE.
Raving seen Tinker Dave the mortal enemy
of Ferguson, we were curious to know how
Champ regarded Dave. We expected to hear
a tirade of imprecations from Champ on
Tinker Dave. It will be remembered that
they have fought singly and with their com
panions, and gave no Quarter. They have both
been shot by each other, and both have made
narrow escapes from death. In answer to our
questions regarding Dave, Champ replied:
Well, there are meaner men than Tinker
Dave. He fought me bravely, and gave me
some heavy licks but I always gavehim as
I
good as he sent. have nothing against Tink
er Dave. He spoke to me very kindly at the
court-room when he was giving his testimony
against me. We both tried to get each other
during the war, but we always proved too curi
ning for each other. There are meaner men
than Dave."
FERGUSON'S FAMILY NEVER MOLESTED.
We have repeatedly beard it stated that
Lieutenant Staith, who was killed at Saltville
in the hospital, had went to Ferguson's house
with his company, and offered Mrs. Ferguson
and her young daughter the most outrageous
insults. This, it was said, led Champ to kill
him. We asked him if it was so. lie said that
the store was absurd; that Lieutenant Smith
was a relative of his wile ; and that his faintly
were never insulted or mistreated by }We
rals during the war ; but they robbed her, like
everybody else, of all she had to eat, which
Il
was a slight failing on- both sides. e says
that Lieutenant Smith came to his house one
night with his men, and killed an old gentle
man named Pierce, who was stopping there.
Champ denies the killing of Smith, or the
massacre at Saltville, and claims au alibi. He
also denies that he - shot Squire Zachary, and
says that he and the Squire were always good
friends, and never had a word out of the way.
We referred incidentally to the killing of
Reuben Wood, and Champ said that Ni aoti
provoked the difficulty, and was tile cause of
it, or he never would have been killed.
CHAMP ON THE USAGES OP. WAR
We asked Champ how so many murders
came to be laid at his door, and if lie carried
on a war under the black flag. Re replied :
have never killed a man of the regular
Federal serviee nor ever harmed them ill any
way. The killing do Clinton and Fentress
counties was confined altogether to men who
were trying to kill me, and were hunting me
down. No soldier in the regular service can
say that I ever harmed him, and I have taken
many of them prisoners. The stories of my
cruelty are related by persons who never seen
me in their lives. 'Xhosa yarns about Bragg
and other. Generals presenting me with knives
are all untrue. Jim McHenry is the only man
that over presented me with a knife:,
INCIDENTAL RENAIIKS.
Champ told us that he had a good many ac
quaintanees in Nashville, but they are of no
service to him. He hopes to get hie witnesses
here in time to testify, but many of them
have left, and their residences are unknown.
He frequently expressed his desire to see his
wife occasionally, and exclaimed," I wish to
God there had never been any war. I opposed
it, and have lost all by it, and now my life is at
stake." We asked Champ what he thOllght of
the court before which he was being Meal
He said they were all very honest and nice
looking men composing it, but he would much
rather have been tried by cavalry officers,
giving as a reason, that they were better cal•
ciliated to judge of his operations as he was
in the cavalry branch .of the service, but he
hoped it would make no difference. lie never
used tobacco in any shape in his life, but he
relishes a "dram" of good whisky.
HIS OPINION OF 111 S FATE
We asked Champ in a careless way, what ho
thought would be the result of his trial. Lie
suddenly started, and after pondering a few
moments, replied that he would not express
any opinion on that arbieet, He then, Yan
kee like, asked AA what we thought would be
the result of .it, and repeated the question.
After some hesitation, we told him that the
result of military trials were very uncertain,
and that it has been said by some wise man
that the verdict of a military court was the
only thing unknown to the creator until it was
nublisheti in General Orders. Owing to the
lateness of the hour, we found it necessary to
close our interview; and after promising to
call again soon, we bid him goodAiye, and the
massive door closed on Champ Ferguson.
THE CAITHE AND TREATMENT Or CHOLERA.—In
summarizing a communication to the Medical
Times and (*mug on this important subject,
Dr. John Chapman, among other conclusions,
holds that "the primary cause of cholera is,
as a general rule, the excessive heat of hot cli
mates, and of temperate climates in summer
when cholera prevails that "the proximate
cause of cholera is of precisely the same na
ture as that of summer, or choleraic, diarrhoea,
but that it. is far more developed, and cense
quentlS- that its action is proportionately more
powerful and intense Of that "cholera is /wi
ther contigeous nor infectious in any sense
whatsoever, except through the depressing in
fluence of fear ei and "that cholera may be
completely averted, and, 'when developed,
cured by the persistent application of the spi
nal ice-bag along the whole spine so long as
any symptom of the disease continues."
THE Numnen. OF RATTLES.—The number of
battles fought during the late war, is given by
an exchange, who, we think, understates the
number, at two hundred and fifty-two. Of
these, the soil of Virginia drank the blood of
Mg, htpaine,TenneSSee witnessed thirty-seven,
Missouri twenty-ilve Georgia twelve, South.
Carolina ten, North Carolina eleven, Alabama
seven, Florida five, Kentucky fourteen, the
Indian Territory . and New Mexico one each.
Onto the wave of war rolled into a Northern
State, and broke in the great billow of Gettys
burg. of the battlesenumerated,
_sixteen were
naval dthieyoments.—Richmond Whitr.
A MOM& OPINION Or SUPPLY OP Corrox.--
The Mobile Tribune says the amount of cotton
in the South is greatly over-estimated in the
North. Comparatively little cotton has been
grown the last two years. Enough for seed
and family consumption covers the whole of
it. Of the large iron Wiled prior 19 WO m'Ar
very little remains. When the amount de
stroyed by flre, deteriorated by time and ex
posure, consumed in domestic manufactures,
and run through the blockade, is considered,
an estimate of one million bales for 1865 wil l
more than cover all that will find a market.
A full biography. of President Lincoln tia
announced in Germany, and three hare ap
peared in France, where they sell better than
Alltl Gegia.r,"
•
THREE CENTS.
GENERAL GRANT AT ROME.
. 'Galena—lts History—Captain 44..atit—
; The Fall of Eintspler—Maptailn Grant
Offers ills Services—He Becomes a
Colonel, and Serves Under Fremont—
His Early Military Record, and His
Return Howe—lncidents.
Wattebponilence'itew York Tribune-I
GALENA, (Ill, ) ) August 18,1865.
Galena has about eight thousand inhabi
tants: It is sixteen miles from Dunleith, on
the Mississippi, thaterminus of the main line
of the Illinois Central, and is on this road, In
a very curly day lead first was discovered Ilere
• by the Indians, who' wanted it for bullets.
They had a rude way cf smelting. it. As the
country settled, millers came in, and the town
began to groat% Lead is found iii evers
tion for many miles. The river, whicluts nevi
:gable, is bordered with frequent hills; here
the lead is Omnd ; everyv/bere one sbes•dirt
thrown up. The town Is on both sides
•of the river. Main -strece is about a mile
long, well Mat, but it is- so crooked. one
eau see attend tat a short distance. Back of
this street, and two hundred feet above it, are
very many handsome residences; and across
the - river are other streets, broken by hills and
galleys. Sometimes there is a pretty street,
shaded with trees, only a few rods long. On
such a One is the residence of the Ron. IN:. D.
Wasisburne. Some of these residences are beau ,
Wilily located on hills and on the edge of crag
gy precipices, where one has flne views. Ga
lena is a port of entry. There is a fine Custom
• House -which cost $50,000. It is a most beauti
ful building, and is well kept.
About fifteen years ago Gen. Grant's father
estaldiShed a leather- house here, under the
lieu of Collins & Co. The leather was tanned
•at Covington, lientatiey, and sent hither. The •
firm did well, and it is understood- made a for
tune. Thefirm was dissolved, and a son came
on to conduct the business, but in about two
years he died of consumption.
Meanwhile, Ulysses Grant, having graduated
at West Point, went into the Mexican war,
where he• distingnisheil himself in every
battle except one • when he was not present
that was fought. Thence he went to Oregon,
and acted as captain in the quartermaster's
department. Eleven years since he resigned
his commission, and went to St. LOUIS, where
he had some interest in a piece of land, and I
was told he en gaged in hauling wood to mar
ket, himself driving his own oxen. On the
'death of Ills brother, his father engaged him
to come hither, and take charge of the store.
Now I come to mention things never before
related. I have to tell a hard story. State
ments previously made about Gen. Grant will
be blown away.
Captain Grant, as he was called, found the
affairs of the concern In great disorder, but lie
went to work, and, in three weeks bad every
thing straight. There was one clerk beside
himself, andgenerally more or less hired men.
As this was the only establishment of the kind
in the place, the trade of which is large, there
was much business to 00. Captain Grant was
not remarkable as a salesman, but he was
good to oversee and to manage. Generally,
lie bought the hides as they were brought to
the store in country wagons. He took then/ in
himself. Those not acquainted mistook hint
for the porter. In this way, here in the city of
Galena, lie toiled on for two long years. He
was employed at $4O a month. The intention
on the part of his father was, after a while, to
establish him in the business, but he was ex
pected to live on 1450 a year. Sometimes his
wife had a hired girl, but usually she did her
own work.
During these two years, Captain Grant made
very few acquaintances. There were plenty
of business men on the street who did not
know hint, and who never heard his name
spoken. I presume it would be easy to
number his associates on one's fingers.
I have heard business men say that they
never heard of him till he was put in com
mand at Cairo. On his arrival hero today,
the vast majority of the citizens of Galena are
able to recognize him only by his portraits ;
and yet this is the only home Ile Iles.
Those two years were years of trial and dis
couragement In fact, the Captain came hither
from St. Louis in a great degree disheartened ;
Still be would not give up. He is described as
a broken-down man. This anecdote is related :
During the great depreciation in currency,
Captain Grant nought pork of the farmers to
send on East to get New York exchange. One
day some farmers SW him_ their pork. They
inquited where they coud getgold—they
must have it to pay taxes. Tile clerk in the
house would sell it for a certain figure. Capt.
Grant said lie believed this was too. much ; lie
did not know exactly what it ought to be ; but
he advised them to go to the bank and in
quwire,
dol The result was that the farmers saved
twelve lars.
At this time, Captain Grant was drawing be
yond his expenses, though this was not ascer
tained till the end of the year. He could not
live on $4O a month. ills conversation was
varied, but he liked to talk on the Mexican
war. illostly he was a man of silence. Mr.
Washburn° tells me that-he seemed to him to
be thinking - on some abstract subject, gen
that he took him to be a thOtightful, reflective,
and large-minded man. I will say here, that
e always was temperate, and every way cor
rect in his behavior.
A month or so before the Fort Sumpter out
rage, and afterward, Capt. Grant was uneasy.
lie walked through the streets, and to and fro
in the store, saying nothing, and apparently
• in a troubled state ofmind. About those days
the Douglas Guard organized in the city to
counteract the Lincoln Wide-Awakes, and
Capt. Grant, as a military man, was appointed
orderly sergeant. His reply was that a cap
tain in the United States Infantry was not the
One to take such position. Ifs did not go near
them. Ile meddled so little with politics that
it is to this day unknown telletherhe voted for
Lincoln or Douglas.
At las‘war came; a war meeting Was held,
and Captain Grant was appointed chairman.
Then be went to Mr. Washburae, and said lie
1 bad been educated at West Point at the ex
pence of the Government ; he had resigned, ex
pedting never to serve again, but now he of
fered his services for what they were worth. A
company was raised in the town, anti under his
direction it was equipped and'sent to Cairo.
Galena is in the northwest part of the State.
Sometimes the wants of this corner are disre
garded. At Springfield there is always a ring
of pOlitielane who are anxious to provide for
their set. It is difficult to do anything with
them. Mr. Washburne urged Cain ain Grant to
go down and oiler his services. He would help
him all he could. The Captain went down, and
after some delay he was set to work drawing
up and copying papers. After a while he told
them they could get some one to do such work
- as well as he for a dollar a day. It was not in
his line tobe kept ill a corner at a desk, seeing
nobody, and doing so little, Ile Was met eoldi
ly :nobody knew him, nobody cared for hint.
Other persons then took an interest in him
among them Mr. Houghton, and Mr. McClel
lan, President of the bankhere. The latter, in
particular, pressed the Captain's claims.
Then he was appointed an aid to Governor
Yates, and directed to hunt up the State arms.
He found about fifteen hundred rusty mus
kets. He also mustered in men. Still, so
many were his disoouragements, and so coldly
was he looked upon, that lie told his friends
he was not wanted, and that he had better go
home.
The importance of being a man of military
knowledge was urged upon the Governor. It
was proposed that he should be the colonel Of
the fist Regiment, but another got it.
About this time Captain Grant went to Ohio
to see his father, 'when Governor Dennison
was urged to give him an appointment. The
rovommotaeruailrAncTitTen c .C ie im ba e c n i f
had become demoralised. The men talked of
putting the colonel in the guard-house. Capt.
Grant was sent to them, by the help of Logan ;
the men were quieted; and then our Captain
was appointed their colonel.
Then Colonel Grant came back to Galena to
get hit Gitniles ; yes, to g et his clothes. Ile
ad to have a uniform. 'a get it, money was
borrowed and security given for the money.
The American people can afford to read this
now. Then lie went, back. On taking his mon
he had them march, saying they would learn
four times as fast, He went to Missouri, and
was under Fremont.
Meanwhile nie friends were "indeed very
few.o Mr. Houghton, editor of The Gazelfe, oil
the 31st May, 1801, describes Colonel Grant as
the soul of honor, and no man breathes who
has a morn patriotic heart, and "our new son
diers need the leadership of a rare man like
Captain Grant." June 20, the paper says, a
command of an Ohio regiment has been ten
dered Captain Grant, and .H Urges his fitness
for a High command. June2e, is a notice that
Captain Grant has accepted - the colonetcy of
the 9th District Regiment. July 31, states that
Colonel Grant is to be promoted to a bilge
diership, anti congratulators the service on the
event. December - 2:1, is an editorial estimating
the character of General Grant, Red in par
ticular it mentions his modesty, frankness,
sagacity, and strategy. I take these things
trom the files of the paper myself.
I will say here, that General Grant's father
was a thorough-going Union man, if not a mit.
cal, but there were some relatives quite dif
ferent.
All business is suspended in the city of Ga
lena. General Grant returns to the only home
he has, Flags float everywhere. Across 'Hata
street, from the corner of the Do Soto Hotel,
from the different windows of which float one
hundred and eighty flags,
stretches a beautiful
triumphal arch. On one side, reaching across
the top, are the words:
" Welcome to our Citizen, .
Weldon Railroad, Fair Oaks,
Wilderness, Petersburg,
Richmond, Five Forks."
On the other side:
"Hail to the Chief, who in triumph advances.
Belmont, Lookout Mountain,
Donelson, Chattanooga,
Shiloh, Vicksburg,
Corinth, Appomattox C. IL' ,
The whole Is decorated with flags, streamers,
and evergreens in the most beautiful Manner.
This arch is but a few doors from the store
where the General used to sell leather.
On a hill, about an eighth of a mile from the
town, and overlooking the river and a vast
country including most of the town is a beau
tiful residence which the eitinene 'have pur
chased for the General. The house is on en
acre of ground, the highest and most sightly
around 'lee city. The loyal citizens did not
wait for a Copperhead city government to
build sidewalks, but built them themselves
from the depot to the house, which cost $11,500,
and the furniture $4,500, purchased by a few of
the friends and neighbors of the Lieutenant
General.
It is a large brick, square, two stories, Cellar
under the whole, with rock bottom. On the
lower story are a large parlor, and large
dining-room and library, kitchen, servants ,
room, store-room &a -The upper story has
six rooms—the General's family room and
bathroom adjoining, a spare room, and three
other good-sized rooms. Enetythilig it new.
in admirable order, and furnished in good
taste.
I was conducted through the whole house.
Nothing is lacking._ The beltsare ready, and
made up ;the hired help is on hand ; they even
bad the stove heated, and all things are ready.
The view from the house is most nen u t if " ll
and from different windows differs. Feeln one
is a scene of woods anti shrubbery; front
another the river, between the hilts, quite
similar to a lindeon•river scene ; from another
is the town and the heights beyond, where the
General used to live, - in a rented house, on
four hundred and eighty dollars a year; Irma
another are the heights beyond the Missis
sippi, in lowa, distant eeetit or eight miles 10
a straight line.
COTTON STEALlNG.—According to the Shreve
port papers of the 18th ult., cotton stealing
has become an every day, or rather every
will leave Shreve
night, busilleB B . Tearnetafu
port about the time of the early dews of WM"
ping, and push for some pile of cotton in the
county, previously discovered, load up,
change the mark, and by early dawn next
morning are back with the " king ti prisoner.
To such an extent was this disreputable bust-,
flees earrie4 pp that General Veatch has been
compelled, at the solicitation of the plantain!
to issue a stringent order in relation to
Moron alegropa,
TITS WAR PREBt3.
1 PITPLISHELI PER 1, r,
Twit WAR rovoi wili tie . sent to autoiertbers by,
ter an n advance,) 4t 44 50
, tre coptvL 10 0&
I,n conic, AO OR
Larger ClcLe thau Tea will be charged at tbe man
rut, V 4.1,0 Per cony.
The 'money time stwave accompany the order, and
in no Instance can these term. be tteviated /rose, at
They ajora wen / tittle snore Man the sort ti
' sir Poottnatiters sre requested to Id N Kent.
f or Tzar, WAR P Rams,
41,- To the getter-ue 13f the Club of ten or twentft
611 owns roPY of the gaper will be given,
STATE ITEfts
H ...Among all the States, none has given a
hotter key-nate• than Pennsylvania in the refich
kittens of the Union Convention at Harris
burg.—Boston Transcript. ,
The Clinton 84)2th/icon, printed at Look
Ifaven, has been considerably enlarged and
improved, and is now one of the handsomest ,
weeklieS in that scowl pr the State.
Camps Curtin and Relian t ' rfacchibinft,
are almost deserted, the returned - soldiers
baying been paid off and sent home.
The amount of revenue received at the
mile() in West Chester, during the past' week,
was $13,23432.
—'Total receipts from internal rovenat)
the Sixth district of Pennsylvania during the
month of July past, amounted to *119;203.24i
Farmers , ' and Mechanics' Institute, Bos
ton, hold their fair the 19th, 20th, 21st, and 22d
of September.
A church 17111-01avillo lute Dean converted
into a theatre.
HONE ITEMS.
It was on one of the river steamers, at din
ner, that an able matronly lady remarked in
the midst of conversation with a grave -look.
ing gentleman, on thetsubioot of temperance;
"Oh, of all things in the world, I despise whis
ky-drinkers I" The gentleman dropped his
knife and fork in the ardor of his feelings, ex
tended his hand and took hers within his own,
and with emotion that threatened tears over
the loss of ruined sons, he replied with falter
ing words s
" Madame, I respect your sentiments and the
• heart that dictates them. I permit no one to
•go beyond me in despising whisky-drinking.
I have been disgusted on this very boat and I
say it now before our captain's face. What, I
say, can be more disgusting than to see well
dressed, respectable, and virtuous-looking
young men step up to the bar of this boat, and,
without fear of observing eyes, boldly folk for
whisky, when they know that there IS in that
very bar the best old cognac brandy 1"
The Augusta (Ga.) Chronicle and &Wind
inflicts upon the Copperheads the following:
most unkindest Clit (g all 1" "We caution
the people of the South against placing any
reliance upon the Copperhead faction of the
North. True, this class will talk smoothly, and
promise everything, as they did in days gone
by. But when it comes to acts and the fulfil
ment of pledges, they are utterly powerless.
Before the late struggle the South was led to
believe that great things in her favor could
be accomplished by them. What was the re
sult 1 These men who had for years used
Southern influence for their own benefit, were
unable to keep even a single declaration they
had made—much less to render the assistance
they had so pOIDIMUSIY befOted they would
give."
In the advertisement offering a reward for
the arrest of the forger Ketchum,. he is do.
scribed as " twenty-five years of age, about
five feet six inches high, thick set, with full,
round feet., short neck, hazel eyes, pug ;vast
full at the end, dark brown hair and moustache,
weighs about one hundred and sixty-$Y@
pounds, and has a nervous and restless deport-
ON— A large number of Mormons, says the St.
Joseph thtioc, reached that city oh the Mho
on the way to the harems and workshops of
Brigham and his elders. It is said that fifteen
hundred of the faithful 9 have deserted tha
Mormon faith, and returned from the iiaen•
tious Territory.
Tile Calais (vie,) Advertiser says that the
rust has struck the potato crop in that re
gion more severely this season than it has for
many years past. Many of the farmers have
commenced digging them up, hoping to save
some of them.
A number of late rebel officers are stated
to have gone to Germany, ill Order to induce
emigration to Southern Georgia. It is Intend ,
eel to sell or lease land to these immigrants at
their option,
The organs of the Methodist Episcopal
Church are discussing the question whether it
votatt not be proper to invite the Southern
Methodist Church to coma Wit in a body tO
the old fold.
The citizens of St. Louis have collected
thirty thousand dollars, put it in the bank to
the credit of General Sherman, and informed
the General to use it ill selecting' a house to
his taste.
Governor Oglesby of Illinois, Is unable to
attend to his ()Metal duties at present—the re.
bel bullet which he received at the battle of
Shilo still remaining in his body.
Wisconsin has still fifteen regiments of in.
fantry, three regiments of cavalry, and six
batteries of artillery in the service. She has
sent over ninety thousand troops in all,
The Montgomery (Ma.) Advertiser gives
an encouraging picture of the prosperity of
the place, which it says has now a larger
population than before the war.
The Spiritualists have started a new pa
per in Chicago, 'with the singular title the
Retigto-Phttosophical Journal.
The Boston Post says the police of New
York are in fault. Ketchum left not a (s)cont
behind,
The number of regular battloa fought du•
ring the late rebellion is two hundred and Any.
two.
The eight-hour movement" is being agi
tated by the mechanics of Indianapolis.
A strawberry,growcr in Michigan netted
five httialred dollars from vna aete.
The Richmond theatre will open nest
month.
The Macon Telegraph is shortly to appear
in an entire new outfit.
The Western fruit crop will be immense.
,-- School teachers are wanted in Kansas.
FOREIGN ITEMS.
The doctors specially devoted to the care
of cholera patients at Alexandria have made
a curious experiment, the Meet of which is to
ascertain whether that disease is caused by a
peculiar state of the outward air, as has bee=
supposed. They sent up two balloons, one
from a village as yet untainted by the epi
demic, and the other from Alexandria. A
quarter of fresh beef was suspended to each
balloon, which was allowed to goat for a cer.
tain time in the air. On making these balloons
descend, the meat which had limited over
Alexandria was completely putrifled, whereas
that which had been suspended over the'
healthy village was perfectly free% nie.
quarters of blpf had been cut front the Calm
animal,
A correspondent writes from the Austrian
watering place of Gastien, that a rich Eng
glishman has for some days taken aphis abode
on the lifalniPer Tauer, a mountammore than.
six thousand feet high, He /iVal in an ors
tremely comfortable tent, but the cold obliges
him to warm it with a stove. He has thirty
two horses at his disposal to communicate
with the lower earth. liCchooses this singu
lar dwelling-place in order to enjoy at leisure
and for auro6 length of time ttho ElPtiotao/0
sunrise in midsummer hi a warmed teat Sur•
rounded by snow and ice.
Taglioni, the great composer of ballets,
was Invited to compose a ballet for the Growl
Opera in rale, but made it a condition to
have the music for it written by his old Melia
the German composer Hertel. This order was
declined, because it was said that the opera
was a " national" institution, and M. Tagliout
left the City of the world for Milan, where he
has made tin engagement to produce a grand
ballet at the Scala. The monagerdinit of the
opera invited Mr. Leon Defile to compose the
music. •
Some interesting experiments have just
been made at L'Orient, on board the Francis
frigate Colig - ny, the object of which is to util
ize the electric light in the sea. By means of
a submarine reliecter, the water was ilium!
Jutted to a great depth, so that it was peSilible
to look down from the deck and see the fish,
attracted by the light, swimming round the
lamp as if in an aquarium. The light can be-
USN to advantage with diving bells, and also
for signals.
The Congregation of Sacred flights, at
home, beS just published a form of blessing to
be used by telegraph. The clergy are to as
semble at a telegraph station, where a certain
amount of chanting, etc., is to be done, and
prayers put up, in which, among other ap
propriate passages frem the Eeriptures, is title,
from the ifilth Psalm t "Who walketh upon the
wings of the wind; Who makotit His angels
spirits, His ministers a flaming fire."
On the 17th ult. Dr. Dulk, a German au
thor, living at Stuttgart, swatn from Roman
shorn to Frledrichaelifell in the lAA Str 4911'
stance, a distance of about twelve MHOS, in six
hours and ahalf. A little boat followed the
• brave swimmer, but 'no not one occasion to
take him in ; only a little wine and bread was.
handed out to hint, which he took whilo tread
ing the water•
Angora eats just 110 ht W
There
I, l2 s Set r ti
ad being large and the
supply Malted, dealers have resorted to strong
measures to supply the market. On a certain
night nearly all the Angora oats in one Quar
ter of the city were stolen, to the astonish
ment and distress of their owneat t 4 ee sold
in another quarter.
Linoleum, or artificial India rubber, is the
subject of a new patent taken out in England.
It is made from linseed oil, or rather linseed
oil is converted by some chemical action into
a jelly, gaffe like rubber, end is 1444 to be ess
impervious to acids and water,
Madame Ratazzl, the Prineetts de Soles, id
about to start a newspaper called the Merrier
de Florence. The object is " the reconciliation
of the Papacy with Italy."
The King of Greece has decided to live at
Corfu for a time, to gat out of the ietterogtiti at
Athens.
'Devon has been successful in London in.
" Martha," "Sonnambula," " Linda," and " Fa
vorite."
r If tir.p? Atlantic euble wore successful, how
could intelligence tlirotigli an gait a channel
be freshi—llosion Post.
Australia bas produced another seventy-
ounce nugget of gold.
—Great Britain now produces atinualig
14,000,000 tons of coal,
—4IA NI gAclor Inau ingßa4§4,