t't i ress. TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1885. A6` We 01111 take no notice of anonymous comma' tdrations. We de not return rejected manuscripts. * Voluntary oorrespondence 18 solicited from all pane of the world, and espeotally from our different I nary and naval departments. Whenueed,lt will be paid Pier. Rationale of Taxation. While we are compelled to declare, after "deliberate consideration of the subject, that the Internal Taxation necessary to raise the large sums requisite for the vigorous prosecution of the war is levied in an un satisfactory manner, it is only to fair to add "that, under all the circumstances, great :allowance ought to be made for the precipi tate and inchoate manner in which it was imposed. When the war broke out it was requisite to raise funds for the expenditure ,upon it. We had the smallest regular army, compared with the population, of .any country in the world. We had no navy worthy of being designated as such. We had neither artillery, small arms, nor gunpowder. We bad been taken by sur prise, for Treason had stolen a march upon us, and, besides robbing us of artillery, 'small arms, and - ammunition, had put lull; out of that robbery, in a very im posing and threatening position. We had to create a navy, and to improvise an army. This, it was evident, would cost money. Mr. CHASTE, then our Minister of Fi nance, determined to appear to the patriotism and to the property of the country. It seems to us, however, that he did not sufficiently estimate them—that be did not sufficiently give credit to the loyalty and the wealth of the people. Therefore, he considered it necessary to hold out great pecuniary inducements . to, all who would lend money to the Go vernment. Not only did he promise an interest on the loan more than double which is paid to the fund-holders to whom the $4,000,000,000 of the National Debt of England is dee, but he promised to pay it in gold. Of course, the price of gold was certain to advance after that. It would be required to pay for our impor tations from foreign countries; it would be largely absorbed, hidden away by frightened hoarders ; and it would become the subject of speculation on the part of the stockbrokers (and their clients), who, of course, gamble with it to make money. The result was, that, for the loan paid in paper, were issued bonds with' the interest payable in gold, with a special stipulation that such interest should be exempt from State and Municipal taxa tion, which Mr. JAY Coolls says, " adds from one to three per cent. more, according to the rate levied on other property." Even mow, with gold lower than it has been for many months, these - United States bonds pay about 10 per cent., besides what . accrue from the tax exemption, and, when gold was highest, the profits mounted up to from thirteen to fifteen per cent. To pay this interest or profit to the lenders, at stated intervals, it became necessary for the bovernment to obtain specie. There were only two modes of getting it—by the import duties, payable in gold at the cus tom-houses (a source which was then ina dequate), and by the purchase of gold in the market, at whatever price the cupidity of the gambling speculators in specie would dictate. There was an undeniable neces sity for the Government to have gold, to keep faith with the public creditors, and this necessity, involying its purchase, na turally helped to send up the price of the precious metal. We believe that the loans called for by the country's necessity could all have . been raised at- rates very slightly over the current rate of interest, and we know that a result, which seems to have been wholly unlooked for, though political economists saw it plainly, was that the Finance`Min ister's tempting offer to pay the interest in gold, for money borrowed in paper—and in paper, too, of his own issue—had an va r u eBP - Eiklqr — r currency. When he practically thus declared that greenbacks were of less worth thiguelli e th a r il i g i t -ntorb — aiiinry different if he had bor rowed in paper and paid the interest in, the - same currency. However, the thing is done, and cannot be undone. The interest line to be paid in gold. To provide for the payment of this in- Merest it became necessary to have recourse to national taxation. According to a prac tice which has long prevailed in the British legislature—that money-bills should ex elusively originate in the House of Com- mons, nominally representing the people— the •Rouse of Representatives applied itself 'to devise a system of taxation which would raise this interest, and custom again pro vided that the Committee of Ways and Means should suggest the mode of taxation, name the articles on which impbsts were to be levied, and lay downs rational system upon whifh these imposts were to be assessed and collected. Being a peace-loving peo ple, without ambition of aggrandisement, - without a 'desire to increase our territory, without any hankering after our neighbors' property, without any relish for intermed tiling with other folks' affairs, and with a decided predilection for living in charity with all men, it happened that internal taxation was quite a novelty here. Ac cordingly, we had to form a new system, vend, apparently with a Very limited know ledge of the true principles of taxation, the "Ways and Means" saved themselves a great deal of trouble, and laid the foundation of much future annoyance, vexation, and even injustice, by adopting, pretty nearly as a whole, that system of taxation which, after a hundred and fifty years' experience, had been finally abrogated in England, in 1843- ''4o, by the late air ROBERT P EEL, . greatly to - the advantage of the British nation. In one fell swoop, at his command, were stricken off the British tariff the duties previously payable upon 1,250 imported articles, the revenue being then augmented by some what increased duties upon a few articles of general consumption; and these chiefly articles of luxury, such as wines, spirits, tobacco. Here, adopting the cast-off gar- ments of repudiated and antiquated British taxation, our " Ways and ?deans". put them on, and the result was that, on the emergency and " in hot haste," Congress adopted, almost in a lump—certainly with slight discussion and insignificant altera tionti--an Internal Revenue Law, which does not work well, which is continually being amended, which seems based upon no fixed or ascertained principle, and which can never have practical value until itis recast and remodelled. We ventured to hint, when previously discussing this question, that the framers of the law pro bably bad ascertained what articles should be taxed by running through Worcester's .or Webster's Dictionary, and culling out, in alphabetical order, various articles on `which to levy imposts, and we now take leave, with equal diffidence, to suggest that they may haie also fallen in with _a list - of the articles • which are de clared duty-free upon Sir R. PEEL'S ex emption list, and set them down as worthy of being taxed in this country. But the utmost ingenuity of British lawmakers had 'never laid hands upon so many trifling ar ticles as our Tax Bill has attached. It first lays taxes upon pins and' needles, lucifer matches and wooden screws, bill-heads and mittens, hitting our native productions and :manufactures many hard blows. It may 'be reasonably questioned whether the cost .of collection will not absorb at least one '. hie! the'amount of tax receivable on these -petty' Tatieles• With reaped to the Income-tax, which is a fair soutee of direct revenue, our system - b identical with that of England in the in justioe of making no distinction between lyroperty and income. Here, as in Eng -land, the uncertain and fluctuating income of -the man who, works with hand or brain is taxed in a ratio precisely similar to that 4:4 the income permanent, and obtained with out mental or bodily labor, of the capitalist who drivis his revenue frominterest or pro- fit on invested money. But, in one respect, we strongly affirm, our InCome Tax Out runs any impost previously exacted In any country. The one thing needful, in the " Ways and Means" estimation, being to raise money, in some way, Congress, not knowing much about finances, was induced to enact, that after the payment of Income Tax for 1863, the amount should be paid over again I This was such an ea post facto law as, we boldly say, no other legisla ture but our own ever passed, and we ques tion whether any other country would have submitted to it, as we have done. The attempt to extort an illegal levy, called Ship 'Money, from the British na tion, by CHARLES the First, which cost him his life and sceptre, and changed peg land from a monarchy into a republic, was not more unjustifiable than this completed fact of making us pay the tax on income twice over. Had Congress possessed the requisite in formation as to - the practice and principle of taxation, it would have adopted one part of the English system, which has tended greatly to augment the amount yielded by the Income Tax. In England; when a man returns his income at a certain amount, and the Assessors (there called Commis sioners) think that he has rated his income too low, they make what is called a sur charge upon him, claiming the tax upon what they believe or suspect his income really to be. He has to appear and satisfy them, upon oath, as to the amount of his income, and should he fail to screw it down to the sum stated in his origins]. return, is then charged for whatever sum the assessors may then feel entitled to set him down at, and has aleo to pay double the tax to which he is thus made liable. We submit that this might be advanta geously put into operation here, where, judging from their visible expenditure and generally accredited means, the confessed incomes of not a few persons are apparent ly far below the recd. Taxes which are disproportionate, exces• sive, annoying, or unjust ought to be mo dified and reduced, if not actually surren dered. The reason, "We cannot remedy the wrong, because, above all, we must get public' revenue," is feeble and unstate's manlike. It is the duty of a Legislature to refuse the perpetuation of a wrong. Some provision ought to be made, late as it is in the session, to ascertain the cost of collecting our taxes, whether internal or from im ported articles. There ought not to be any sinecures in the departments which have to regulate, assess, or receive these taxes— no do-nothing hangers-on paid sala ries, not because they suit the office, but because the office suits them. Our taxation. system has to be reformed, and the cost of collecting the national revenue, as We could easily show, ought not to, exceed 3 per cent., if, indeed, so much. There is one obvious mode by which the whple of, the , taxes could be collected for about two per cent. instead of eight or ten, as at present. Surely this ought to be seen to. Let us have a just system of taxation, with econo mic collection of its amount. To have not attended to these points before was negli gent; to continue to evade them now will be criminal. Public Opinion Abroad. The triumphant march of SHERMAN, im mediately ending in the occupation of Sa vannah, such an effort and result as the elder NAPOLEON .would have been proud to include among his own greatest achievements, first impressed the pro 'slavery journalists in England with a seri ous doubt as to the final success of " the so-called Southern Confederation." Ever since the return of Dr. W. H. Ruseum to England, y The Times, which is ever lees and prescient, has modified and qualified its expectations of Confederate indepen dence. Russzw, himself, undoubtedly an able writer and Shrewd man, has devoted himself in his, , nwn journal ( The Army and Navy Gazette),-to prepare the English mind for the proximate success of the —Ofzatcrra - esl - i.c , 111.00 ov I have been the conductors of those uncom : - gr 6,4, ''R: o . dr . p ing' rera raan hiandard, —familiarly kno as - the " Mrs. Gamp" t t,Mar.lll. arras" of the London press— and the Daily Telegraph, - - by far the ablest as well as the most unscrupulous anti-Union partisauin England. The two first newspapers were long notorious for the vile trash which they published as mil: able news froni this country, over the sig nature of "Manhattan," and have not yet found a successor equal() that infamous hireling in abuse of honorable men,-misre presentation of wise and patriotic etforts t and prurient suggestions against the reputation of virtuous women. The Telegraph, com bining enterprise and capital, sent one of its staff to this country to report what he saw (or might imagine) during our war— Mr. SAL, a smart magazine writer, who is almost a novelist, but is incapable of wind ing up his plot in a probable manner. Mr. SALA, whose nemadic habits are singular, is worthy of being elected King of the Bo hemians, if that send-civilized race ever can submit to have any recognized head. His letters from this side of the Atlantic followed each other in quick succession; during the whole_of last year, in the Lon don Daily Tele,grilph. Written entirely for effect (probably upon such instructions as once constituted a lawyer's brief in *the old Country : "We have no case, but pitch into plaintiff's attorney "), and with spirit anil smartness, wholly uncheck ed.by truth, his American correspondence must have amused his readers ; but, as even a large family of children will soon get tired of sugar-plums and candy, so did these readers arrive at the conclusion that he had given them enough of it, and his proprietors, when this,gro wing distaste was revealed to them, hastily recalled their man. His " fine Italian hand " is still visible, however, in the leaders, where , he amuses himself by prophesying all sorts of ill to the Union cause, and by holding out favorable prospects to the Rebels. Still, there are facts which no ingenuity can ig mire, and, chief among these, are the late successes of our arms. Already, &GERMAN'S march and the fall of. Savannah plainly told our friends and foes in Europe that what TALLEY - BARD called "the beginning of the end" was in progress. It is known, too, that Fort Fisher had fallen before our arms. To this has now to be added the occupation of Charleston and Wilmington, and the fall of Mobile and Richmond is inevitable, and must be speedy. The Daily Telegraph, the latest to acknowledge'bad news to Se cessia,- has changed its note. It.admits "thereare causes enough to arouse serious reflection in the South." It confesses that "the capture of Fort -Maher, and the sub sequent operations of light-draught gun boats—' Uncle Sam's web feet, that can go wherever the ground is a little damp'— will Most probably shut up Wilmington, the last Southern port open to the runners of the blockade." It says, with along-drawn sigh, "The cities of Charleston and Mobile are not in Federal possession, but their ports are closed- as effectually as if they were. Wilmington was practically the sole re maining outlet by which the South could carry on European trade ; for though the Confederacy has a; very long coast line, it is remarkably destitute of good harbors, and now all are rendered Useless by the operations of the enemy's fleets. While even one was left the loss of the others -might be boine ; but the sealing-up of Wil mington is much more than the loss of a single port—it is the coup de grace to the foreign supplies of the Confederacy. Hence forth medicines for the wounded, mu nitions of war, and, every article not of first necessity, will be of fifty-fold value throughout the beleaguered South. It is a terrible blow to the Confederates—greater, tee think, than any that has befallen them throughout the war. SHEILMAN't3 march proved the exhausted condition of the 'Cen tral States ; now they must absolutely de penifon their own resources. Add to this, that in all military likelihood there• is no thieg to prevent the .capture of Augusta, Charleston, and Wilmington in the prod greys of the inland Federal march, and What remains to &yeasts ? The great lines of defence around Richmond, and the un conquered Law But hesitating to stake its very last shilling, like a gambler, the nation which so recently scouted the idea of any result but separation now listens to overtures for peace." This is not all. The London journalist affirms that, however well the rebels may have maintained the struggle, " there is a limit to endurance and resisting power," and that " the question for the South to consider would be, Is it not better to return with all the old State rights fully guaran teed than to prolong the war for a year or two more, and lose the opportunity of ex torting favorable conditions '" Coupled with this confession of dpfeat and suggestion of submission, is a recom mendation to the South not to stand upon any such unstable footing as Slavery. ,The question is put—ls it better to lose the ne groes "by quiet emancipation as the price of peace, or to lose them by the chances of war in the trenches around. Richmond ? Already half the negroes of the South have been lost to their masters—some enlisted in Northern regiments, many rotting to death in Northern camps, some left to starve on desolate plantations ; is it worth while to risk losing all, that the planters may retain for another year or two a nominal right to the moiety that now remains ? Besides, the slave owners may consider that, though technically free, the negro will always be in fact the serf of the white man, dependent on him for guidance, protection, help ; and that the Eouth will retain him even without force, because the climate and prejudices of the North will drive him back." Such are the last words of by far, the ablest, most pertinacious, as well as most consistent journal in London, still avowed ly upon the aide of the rebellious South. The Times itself has become lukewarm in its opposition to the United States, as well it might be when *Russam, in the Lords, and PanunnerroN in the Commons, have declared, as the responsible advisers of Queen Irrozoitra, that this country has strong cause for complaint against England for the raids from Canada, the blockade running from Bermuda and the Bahamas, and the pirate-building- at Liverpool and Glasgow. “The Press , Belief Fund. The following voluntary contributions for the sat ferers by the recent conflagration were received at this °Moe up to 6 o'olook bet evening ' clash $lO 00 Chas. Being!' - 8 00 J. H. Williams k Co /5 00 388 00 Before reported 6 ate 24 Total amount received 16,261' 24 ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. • THE VICTORY AT WILMINGTON. A. SECOTTED SALUTE FIRED, PETERSBURG SOON TO BE EVACUATED. FIRING AT FORT' HILL. —V. E. School.— [Special Correspondence or The Press. ] CITY POINT, Vs., Feb. 2i,1885. In honor of the evacuation of Wilmington in telligence 01 which reached General Grant's head. quarters yesterday morning, a shotted salute was fired along the whole line at four o'clock yesterday afternoon. The rebel works responded pretty vi gorously, but the casualties were very light. Deserters report that the evacuation of peters burg is a subject freely discussed in the rebel army, and its necessity is as freely admitted. The fall of Wilmington will expedite the matter materially. It is the opinion of oempetent authorities that in less than a week's time Petersburg mill be ours. This le not a mere speculation, but an inevitable and logics' deduction from the.present military tion. Unless Sherman can be driven back, the rebel lion will be girdled with our armies, and Virginia will be the only fighting ground remaining to Lee. The rebel fort opposite Fort Hell kept up a brisk and 'Leafy - fire on our works yesterday afternoon, but with little or no effect, so well protected were OUT men by the bombproofs. The sutlers, who were thrown into an ecstasy of delight by the arrival of a dozen paymasters day before yesterday, are considerably exercised in spirit because they have been temporarily deprived of l'Mnortation for.. their goods over the City Point — A/W — The Government was in fan monopoly Supplies Werei ft:V*ll2'4lam- CIIARL ES'±Ol%T. THE MORNING OF THE EVACUATION LETTER .Fllllll THE FLEET. Special Correspondence of The Press.] U. S. SruP JOHN ADAIrs, Ora Omexer.wrox,'S. 0., Fob. 18, 1855 At .9 A. M. this morning dense volumes of smoke were suddenly seen to arise from all parts of the city of Charleston, indloatingttn evacuation. The gunboat Gladiolis was immediately sent to the front to proceed up the channel In company with several boats from our vessel and the monitors: Sillapter was receiving reinforcements of Union troops from Morris Island when the tug got abreast of it. The stars and stripes were hoisted over her ruins, and were hailed with loud cheering, which went from vessel to vessel. When I was ; shortly felon directed to signal the outside fleet that the enemy were evacuating their fortifications, from the main. top I could see the Gladloils well up, rounding and passing Pinckney and Fort Johnson, preceded by our boats. At the same time, all the batterlee on Sullivan's and James' Island were abandoned, with 'all their guns complete and unspiked. By this time, 9.40, the boats are about to land in Charles ton, which is burning- in various parts. The wind being from the northeast, the day beautiful and pleasant, with a clear atmosphere, an excellent view from aloft Is obtained, as the smoke passes to southward and westward, back of the city. At 11.80 the flag.steamer Harvest Moon, with the Admiral on board, came in over the bar, and started, with Captain Scott on board, for the city, with. several small steamers ,In company—passing the torpedoes and other obstructions carefully, but without any trouble or intensities occurring up to this time, 8 F. M. ' A boat with some of our officers has just re• turned. The city was surrendered to Acting Master Gifford, by the Mayor, at 10 40 A. M. A blockader which ran in lain - night, well loaded, was set on life, but subsequently extinguished by us. The rams, some three or four, were all blown up tide morning, before our vessels entered the ohanneL S. E. A. MEXICO AND NEW ORLEANS. A SENSATION RUMOR PROM MATAMOROS. The United States Consul Ordered Out, and Clear. anted for American Teasels Stepped. FATAL. MARINE DISASTER. Canto, Feb. 27.—A steamer from New Orleans on the 21st hatrarrived. The New Orleans 2'imes says a sensation rumor from Matamoros via Brazos, had been reoelved to the effect that the Imperial Government of Mexico had forbidden the issue of elearanoes for American ports, and that our Consul had been sent out of Matamoros. The schooner Sane Dolan, which cleared from New Orloins on January 11th, was lost off the bar at .lidatastoros. She had a full 'oar& of merchandise, and a number of passengers, all of whom were lost. A limited supply of Cotton was offered at New Orleans, and prices were firmer. 230 bales of prise Cotton sold at 000. for low middling, repacked, 510. for strict ordinary, repacked. Good ordinary was quoted at 700. and low middling at 710. Sugar was quoted at 220. for fully fair. molasses—prime, 11l 27. There were lighttsupplles of both, with a brisk in quisy. Flour—Sales of good extra at 311. HENTUCKY. l'ocs vina PREpIDPNT BLEAT MOYBMENTE OP I lIVION OBNBEALB-13PBEL8 NEAP MOMNT STAR. LING. LOILINVILLE, Feb. 26.—The Vice President elect arrived hero this evening. LouisviLLE, Feb. 27.—Ganerals Granger and Robson arrived. to-night. General Burbridge has been directed to report to General Thonuce for Ger vice in the field. • B. report from Frankfort says about 6,000 mounted rebels are In the vicinity of 14tonnt Sterling. MILITARY PROTECTION TO DE MET/SRL Loursviram, Feb. 27.—General Palmer has just issued an order promising military 'proteotibn to all deserters from the rebel armies who register them selves as renouncing further °Guncotton with the re bel government, and threatening ail other absentees with penalties due to spies and guerillas, or other wise, as the oiroumstanoes of each case demand. WIVE LOWZ MISSISSIPPI. TO 00b1M821D. Cauto, Feb. 27.—The steamer Silver Spray, from Nbw Orleans, brings Soo bales of cotton for Cincin nati. The Memphis Bulletin publishes a military order, arsignhis.Colonek Samuel Thomas, of that city, to the inspection of freedmen's affairs. The steamer City of Claire has arrived from-Mem phis, with 240 bales of cotton for, Sh Donis. Thirty hales of cotton,: belonging to merohants of Memphis, were horned by guerillas, a short distance above Memphis, on the 230. The order relieving General Meredith has been revokedby the War Department. Lee`O Movement to i‘Atitontsk the World." . Leetetrrima, reb."27.—The - .lemma, in lin °alto. rlal apeakthg ofLaelys arrq, gape: " We have rem,. see to Bay that the rebate are eibeettair beep aeon .to Martie the whole country and teetoriteh this 'worla.P No matter what our ream may he, tt is a good Que." THE PREM.-PHILADELPHIA; TUESDAY; : FEBRUARY 28, 1865. NEWS NWROESN LITE 'REBEL ALL QUIET ON THE JAMES. LetPs Account of the Capture of Generals - Crook and Kelley. TIM RIOHMOND PRESS uni - Hria- DAVIS Sheraian's Advance Applauded by the Borth Carolinians. THE REBELLION" DESPONDENT: WA SHINOTOW, Feb.2f.—The Richmond Dispatch or Feb. 26th (Saturday) Says : "Unbroken quiet reigns all along the lines on the north side of the James river. The enemy concentrated In the new posi tion at Hatcher's Run during Tuesday and Wed nesday, but nothing of consequanoe has grown out of the movement. They captured a portion of oar picket-line in this vicinity on Tuesday night, but the line was re.e.stablished by our farces the next morning. "A very handsome little affair we:tarred one day Lest week in the vicinity of BurwelPs Bay, in which 250' Yankees belonging 10 the celebrated Naval brigade were defeated and routed by a comparatively Emsll force of Confederate EC mita under command of Sergeant Shadburne, assisted by a party of the in dependent Signal Corps, under command of Lleat. Wocdly. This force of the enemy had been sent out to intercept and capture a secret expedition known to have been despatched In that direction recently by our Government. " While resting at Burwell's Bay this force wife vigorously attacked by the somata and signal•corps men, who eventually aueneeded. in killing and wounding a number, and putting the beano. to to flight. Sixteen dead bodiee were subsequently found, six lying on the raodelde leading to Smith field, and ten In Smithfield, who died of their wounds. We did not learn whether any prisoners were taken, but a number of wounded Tarikeea were carried off by their comrades. So, the party that came out to w hip. got whipped. N The following interesting despatoh received at the War Department last night : HICADQINkiiTIZELIN Feb. 2i, 1866. Hon. J. C. Breekinridge, Secretary of War: "General Early reports that Lieutenant McNeill, With thirty men, on the morning of the Slot, entered . Cumberland, and osptured and brought out Gene rals Crook and Kelly from the Adjutant Genling's Department, two privatas, and the headquarters nag, without firing a gun, though a considerable force is stationed in the:vicinity. Lieutenant Ma Neill and party deserve muck oredit for We. bold exploit. Their prisoners will reach Staunton to-day. -" R. E. Laa.4 Tile following deepatoh 'sea reoelved yeaterdiiy : "HARRISONBURG, Feb. 24.—Mojor Grenirals B. F. Kelly and George Crook, and Major Thayer Melvin, of General Orook!a :gaff, are here, on their way for Richmond:l TATIORAN AT WORE IN EAST TIANTRSSIER-A. nun BEYOND KNOXVILLE. , The rellowlng was remand yesterday: Hreeetirrewrstut, Fee. 24, 1.865 i Hon. J. C. Breckinridge, Secretary of War; ciperg P 51.19! reports 9. 1 . 4 ' 2 ( 12t20/111,111 pf Vavgbatis Oavairy struck the railroad beyond Miamilie, at Sweet Water and Athens, capturing the garrison at both places. Sixty men or the goth Ohio Regiment, with their equipments, were taken' R. Z. Lam, The last of the Confederate forces lett Charleston defringFriday night, end the next day the Federate entered. Three of the gunboats belonging to the Confederate navy went up Cooper river. Nearly all the Government stores in the city were eighty brought off, and the cotton in the place leerned. All the ottlzena could not get out of the eity. There seems to have been some terribly heavy skirmishing, but no general fighting, - befere , our forces evacuated Columbia. The South Carolina Railroad depot took fire from a Yankee shell thrown into In and, soon atter the ammunition there exploded, killing two or three persona and wounding six others. The Enquirer of Saturday, the 25th,1n a long edi torial, sw)ii " There is but one thing for the Presi dent to do, and to this end, without taw, he should call upon the people to send their slaves to the front, even to take them and use them; for the public safety is above all laws and constitutions." Again, in the course of the same artidle, It says " These States stand to-day in need of a dictator—a man who will take the power of the people and use it for their preservation." The Examiner of the Mth, in an editorial, looks upon the eltiation in South and „Worth Carolina with some fear. It mentions a rumor that Sher man. had captured twelve thousand bales of cotton at Columbia. The Oharlotte (North Oaroline)• `Riatetin 'of - the 21st says Sherman's forces had not appeared .there yet. .• • The bill for arming the slaves had not Wien re. considered in the Senate. The Sentinei verienvere on those Senators who defeated it. ' Nearly all, the exchanges found In the Wil mington (North Carolina) Journal othee on the day .of Imam/time - have,been recinxed, • •I . ••• g • rapers, and others, show a most determined spirit of resist. ance to Jeff Davis. The Progress is outspoken in Its hos.tility, and ridicules most bitterly Oovernor Vane's proclamation to the people to deed the State. It charges that a number of wealthy Smuts alcniata across the Chowan. river are making pre parations to receive our troops and get within our lines to save themselves from Richmond tazatton. The Progress speaks In the most complimeatary terms of Sherman's grand advance, applauds his role at Savannah, and states that honorable terms of peace were offered by President Lincoln to the rebel Commissioners. On the whole, all of these exchanges thew a strong poem; sentiment in that State. We learn that the raiding party of Yankee cavalry, who were reported to be advancing by the way of Tarborough, North Carolina, on the Wel don Railroad, have returned to Washington; North Carolina. We have been unable to obtain any information ae to the amount of damage done by them. Blohmond papers of Saturday are mostly do voted to bitter attacks upon the rebel Congress. Their newt contents are unimportant. FORTRIMB Motraos, Feb.. 26.—The ships Edith and American Congress, from New York, with commissary stores, arrived hero today. The schooners Birohard and Fanny have arrived here, In a damaged condition, with Government forage. They have been flay-seven days at sea, and have passed through several severe gales, during which they lost their spars and sails. ' The steamer Weyboeset, Captain Parrish, sailed hence this morning for Wilmington, N. 2., with the mane for Major General Terry's army. There have been no more arrivals from the South. Au Offer of One' Hundred. Days Nen rrom ALBANY, Feb. 27.—0 n the receipt of the news of the capture of Wilmington, Governor Fenton sent a despatch to the Secretary of War, Offering tan regiments of the State National Guard for one hun dred days' service in garrisoning the forts at Savan nah, Charleston, Wilmington, and other ports. The offer was referred to General Grant, who deolined to accept the regiments. The Secretary of War tent a despatch to Governor Fenton this morning concurring in the decision of General Grant. Gen. Waeltbarne In Command at Cairo. Maarme, Feb. 23, via Ostuo, Feb. 27.—Major General Washburn° has been assigned to the com mand of this department. Re Is expected to arrive soon. Ills appointment gives general sadoraotlon. Lonnw:LLß, Fob. 26.—The Chattanooga Gazette of the 28d says : Bridgeport was almost totally do. stroyed by hre on last Wednesday night. Orrforwwwl7, Feb..27.—The cause of the fire ln the Etquirer building yesterday has not been after. tallied. The load will probably react 340,000, and le covered b 3 ininiramoe. Robbery gt Troy, N. Y. TROT, N. Y., Feb. ''l`l.—Three thousand donne worth of black Mika wore atolen from Ford dc Olark's afore on Sunday 'evening. Nair Yoga, Fob. 27.—Arningepents for the grand celebration of Saturday are progressing Ana ly. The committee has been in session all daj, and alto waited on the city anthoritied and Gen. Sand ford. The procession will be the principal feature of the day, and will comprise nearly all the military, fire. men, and civic societies, and the different trades will be represented by emblems of their industry, among which will be a complete medal of the °rigi nal monitor and a reproduction of Port Sumpter as it now appeen. The chimes of Trinity Church will peal out patriotic airs. A lull battery of captured rebel cannon will form a portion of the procession, and, manned by veterans, will fire salutes at various points. Places of business will be closed, and all classes are fully alive to the occasion. General Dix will preside over the meeting 111 Union Square. The steamship Havana brings Itavana advises of Feb. 22. There is no news from Nexioo. Arguellas has been.sentenced to eight years In the prison chain-gang. Statement of the condition of the New York banks for the week ending February 27,1885: Loans Decrease $2,830,000 Circulation . . Decrease 100,000 Specie Decrease 500,000 Deposits De Oretiee .... a 700,000 10 P. M.—Stooks very strong ; Told, 201%. After Coll, 200. New York Central, 115%; Erie,74%; Hudson River, 116%: Reeding, nog • Mohigen Central, 114 ; ?Octagon Southern, 694 ; Illlnota Central, 119%; Pittsburg and Cleveland, 83; To ledo and Wabash, 318; Rock Island 'and Cracago, ; Northwestern, 34%; Northwestern preferred, 64%; Fort Wayne, 97 ; Ohio and Mississippi oertt Bow es. 80 ; Canton Company, ; Cumberland, 71%; Quicksilver, 80 ; Matipoetty 17%. Ws were glad to obeerve, sluing the ;Anions con Armed by the Senate on the 28d' Inst., the 'name of Brigadier General Edward Hatoh, United States Volunteers, promoted to be major general for gal 'mit and meritorious services in the battles before Nashville, Tennessee, to date from Deoember 16, 1864. * Our aileation has often beenattraolied to the proud reoord GOP. Batch has made for himself and his country, arid we oongratulate him and his corn- Land. upon his promotlon. THE SOUTH. TO ENLIST THE SLA,VES. RUBEL, rArams. FORTRESS MONROE. New York Declined. Conflagration at Brldgepoit, Tenn. The anelnuati 1114. NEW YORK CITY. ' THE PROPOBRD*ATIONAL Brota. Ml= BANK 6TATED[ENT. 'TRH ILVII2IIIIO BTOCIC BOARD WILSIXII (49e0N. W gomunterow, Feb. 71,1886. TRH ENROLMENT BILL. The tbliowing are the maws of the thirty-nine members of the House of Representatives who this evening voted against the amendatory enrolment bill : Meteors. Samoa C. Allen, Eden, Morris, and Rosa, of 'Moir'; Ancona Dawson, Dennieon, Johnson, and Stitea, of Pennaglawaht ; Brooks, Chanter. Gan. Pen; Herrick, Elotekklaei and Ronan, of New York; . Baldwin, of Miobigan ; Clay, Odder, Harding, Mallory, and Wadsworth, of Kentooky ; Cravens, Edgerton, and Harrington, of Indiana; Eldridge, of Wisoonsin , Fleck, Lebiond, Long, iliolOnney, Morris, Noble, O'Neill, Milton, &, White, Joaeph W. White, of Ohio; Middleton, Perry, and Rogers, of New Jersey ; Harris, of Maryland, and Scott, of MiesourL ARRIVAL Or GENERAL MOBQUERA. Genera' bIosQIIIIII.S., President or the Bepublis of Cieloinbla. and ite minister to London, have arrived bore, accompanied by General SALGe.R., Oolomblau minister to Washington, and Senor BR= Saar., the distinguished minister from Venezuela. The parties are the guests of Sailor Romano, the Mexican General Blosounaa has been introduced to the Secretary of State and the President, and today left for Oily FOlAt on a visit to General Galiarra JITATOIAL In the case of FIUMBIZIOIC Vir,CoLitaraw, appel lant, vs. The Hudson River Bridge Company, of Albany, the Supreme Court, of the United States hoe affirmed, with costs, the decree of the Circuit Court of the United Statee for the Northern District of New York. APPOINTMENT OP A COLOBRD fitfItGBON. A adored man named DISLABISY' has been ap pointed a surgeon of volunteers, with the rank of major, by the President, and ordered to report to Gen. Sax Ton; of South Carolina, for duty. INDIAN GOODS. The contract for the transportation of Indian goods to Fort Benton, on the Missouri river, was awarded today to the owners of the steamer St. Jokes. The goods, Indian agents, and Territorial Mears will leave St. Louis about the 181 k of Mara for Fort Benton. • XXXVIIIth COMERS-4mnd Bruton. SENATE. THB TROOPS TURINIBEEND FROM VTR GETXRAL =f3 A commanieniton was received from the Secretary of War In reepenbe to a call ftir Infirnistton aw tu.the nain beroi troops ll:traded by enth State, declining. on tu ttructions hom.the President, to tarnish the Informa tion, PAOTEOTION OP IMIGRAPTS. Mr. LAMB, of Hanna, from the Committee on Agri rultore. reported back a Elotee bal for the protection of eahrtanto, iraoueihe a Poulin/ for forcing or deooviaz azaterenta Iwo the error or nays. &a.. with a recent smendation that it palm . 00):011.39131021AL DOCITTKIINTA. Mr. PONY RLJA, cf Kentucky, from the dommlitee Oa Printlns, imported, a repolotloa that all unaiattlbated. documents now is store *hall be diFtributcd among the members of the present Couutess. Which wee palmed. A. NATIONAL PIOTIINII. Mr COLLAMBIL of Vermont, callod up a reeointion to authorise a contract with Sow H. Pow*li, of Ohio, for painting a national Maitre. at a oust of 41M,000. VICTORIES OVSIi YELLOW-OITIZIMI. Mr. Stlhtetirit, of Massaohnagts, offffed s ProYlso that Inane D ational Capitol, dedicetee to the I•atiunai Cates, there shall be no Picture representing' a ',tutor/ in battle with our fel lim.citis nag. Mr. •WILOOM. of kraeosobtteede, was opoosed to thfa. He wanted to tee the noble nee& 'Aunt army and nary commemorates] p.polt pp, pet th. 9 tstregory of natn., _ D ea. - COLL/MICR, of Vermont, spoke of the propriety 01 cornmemoraileg the heroic deeds of our navy. This Led never been done. whi t e our e mine nt ihneemen and lawyers bad been repeatedly olueeled In marble and Painted on canvas. SSgZIiE Xr. SHERMAN; of, Ohto, moved to prooooki to the considers:ion of the tax bill. TWA LoIIINANA GItraSTION • Fevers] Senators desired lo call up the Louhdazia quest ion Mr. SHERMAN was willing to have the ',Galatea& question taken up, provided it could be diirPOleld of In an boor or two. Mr. aILiMNICH answered Mr. Sherman, that no vote could be taken on the Louisiana question within the urns he mentioned. Air. IItUAIBULL. of Illinois, said there could have been a vote taken on the Louisiana resoffition oh Sitar. day night bat for the factious opposition of one- third of the Senate Mr WADS, of Ohie, said he was opposed now, as he bad been aiway e, to forcing a Constitution noon the people of any State, as the resolution of the Judiciary Committee propose d. It was an attempt such as he re pined when made by the friends of the Le complon Constitution It would be an insult to New York. to Ohio. tad to Lilco:P, to admit Senators from Louisiana . who represented nothing and. nobody. Mr. RowAito, of Michigan, said the voice of the People bad not been beard on this enbleot, and he tt,mght it ought, therefore:to be postponed until next winter Mr SPRAGUE, of Rhode Island, war opposed to the Lonielara resolution because be . had information to the effect that twenty live or thirty of the members of the Legislature or Louisiana were ottes-hoiders ander the Government of the United States or of the State of Louisiana, which was the saute thing. Mr. SUMR Eh bad heard a responsible gentleman, who was in Louisiana when the State Government wed formed. say that it was a einpendous hoax. Mr GRIMES of lows., satu if the Senate would give biro a COMM; life he would prove that the votes of the cud, irg precincts were oast by disabled soldiers and others, who were conveyed from New urleana to the polls in army transom ts, and carried back again In the same way after voting. Are BIIMNER. I denounce this pretended State Go veinment of Louisiana as nothing more , than a seven months child, begotten by the bayonet in'continual tionjunetion..with-thenplrit - of•nate. This is the whole SSS. The question was then taken onmoltponing the Lottisl ar a resolution and-teking unite tax WI. which was decided in the affirmative—yeas 14. nays 12, as follows YEAS 'Tooter, Grimes, Harlem, Henderson. /3 drieks,, Anthony, _bucksaw. a O son, Morgan. Monf 1, Ye, ' 0 w a D 8.911, Dixon Fame 1, NAVEL 'Doolittle. . McDougall; - .Ten Bret. Barrie. Nesmith, - I Tromboll, , • Lane (Indiana), Pomeroy. • Van Winkle, Lane (Mantas). Sammy, Willey. Mr. bBERMAN made a. repot from the committee of conference on tht .army and navy appropnatiOn bills, pack IN pi Wined to. THE TAX BILL. The tax hill was then taken up . Mr ,DAVIB, of Kentucky, mowed its Indefinite post ponement, and on this motion made Alen thy speech, a nimadv, fling specially on the conduct of nee Admtn ittrstion in the management of affairs in Kentucky The Senate, at CFO?! M., to , k a recteettll 7 o'clock. EVENING SESSION. ' The consideration of tl e tax bill was resumed. The motion of Mr. DAVIS. to indefinitely postpone, Rae reiteted, and the Wit was then read at length. REMARKS OP MR. SHIMAMALF. Mr. 'SHERMAN said. The late period of the session a *Dish the Eons. of Reprerectatives have sent In Oh' bill preolndta full discussion upon any' of the important questions presentee hilt 1 he 801180 se jealous of iteexclutive privi'ege of or'• ale etiag revenue bill., but it ought at least to give us an opportunity to exercise our undoubted power to anend them. 7 his important measure. effecting every Individual interest of she country, declaring in He title that it is to provide revenue to support the Government and pay the interest on the pablio debt, containing fifty pages of printed matter, every line demanding an ex amination of the previous ,law, was sent to us within two weeks of the close of the station. The Committee of Finance have worked ditigently to prepare it for the consideration of the Senate, and now, during tie closing week, with all the harry in cident to the closing says of the session, with The apprrpristion bills still pending between the two house.. we must arse the Senate to pave judgment upon the numerone provisioes of the bill, rather than to diems s them. After the first careful reliable of this bib. and considering the many important changes pro posed in it, I wasi inclined to recommend that the Senate pompone it until the next set 810/1, rather tan by hasty legislation to run the rick of new errors; bat the Go vernment's need of nee sources; of revenue, the loss of 187410810 caused by the defeat of the present law, by the constructions put upon part of it by revenue 41110e/8., and the palpable failure to enforce the present law, es. lasmally au to incomes. Inetnotd your cemmittee to re port it back with several Important amendments , . and esp. eitilyto provide for such an examination of the Whole eubject of internal tax as will enable as to legis late in the future with Inner information. It may ex- Pic ite our action to submit at the outset a few general 1111111 ab as to the necessity which compels ne to im pose upon our constituents the system of internal taxa tion provided for by this bib sad the act or Islet toe salon' Under the practice of Congress of. dividing financial measures into numerous bills. all of which are con sidered separately- without any connection with each other. there seine no appropriate lime to consider the budget Or the genera) flnaunlalmitimatesand plane of the Government. Yet it is obvious that when It is the cute duty or Congress to provide ways and means to carryon the Government, 10E38 general principles ought to be adopted end appled to all our financial _piettenres. When at ;mice the United Et& as had an amplW source of revenue in a moderate rate of duty on Imported goods. The lax was so light es never to be felt by oar people, and Its incidental .ifect in protecting 0111.d011"08110 in dastry.made it a blessing rather than a burden. But the rebellion changed all this—we had either to submit to have our existence as a nation destroyed by a haughty but base. ignorant, and defeated °Daumy, or we had to assume what was its unavoidable incidegle taxa tion aid debt. 'The people of the halted States having definitely de. terotord to Droeeente the war, it only remained-for Coz snag to provide tt e ways and means for carrying it on. It is manifest now, as I then urged, that it would have been better at the first eassion In 1851 to have re duced to the lowest t possible standard all expenditures. . and to have provided a system of internal tax. It is easy now to see the-errors of the past. Bone of tut appreciated the magnitude of the oontest—the enor mous armies demanded and the vast sums required for the conieet. i still think that with parsimonious ecotomi and heavy taxes from the beginning we might have borrowed money enough on a specie be..le to hove avoided a suepensiou of specie payments, but when thews' came we were without a currency and Without a isteM of taxation. Oold dleanpeared and was hoarded by the banks and hr. individeale. It lowed in a steady stream from onAlountrY. Sat by the sub. ti casury act we sonic not nee the Irredeemable bills of State banks, and with the terrible lessons of 1810 and MT taring us in the face, no one was bold enough to advise no to make taxation as the standard of value the Moms of 1,800 banks founded upon as many banking systems as there were States. finder these circumstances we had but one resource. We had to burrow vast toms, and as a means to do it, we had to make a currency. This was done by the imam of United Slates soles; and subsequently to invite the to lerate of private capital with the security of the Go vernment a. a basis of bank, We established a eye tem of national banks, and upon this currency, as a medium for collecting taxes and borrow.ng moneys, Dave waged a war unexampled in the grandeur of its operations, and; as 1 trust,"soon to be crowned with noueniable success. Such a war has not been con ducted without vast expenditures Our actual expenses doting the fiscal year, *miles June M. 1889, were s9Bse -8.34,(67. The estimated expenditure for the current decal year M 5906,728,1815 Upon the basis of the present • law much more than one half of this sum had already been expended. To this sum yon most add every dol len you provide for by new loans, and this grim fact must not be overlooked for a single moment whim you Sr. making new appropriations. Every dollar of this met be paid In the form •of taxes, and that, is • not. the wont of it—it must be paid now. We must get the money, either oy tasking it, borrowing it, or by Collecting it from our People. if we , could postpone the borrowing until the war is over, it would be easy. bet we must devise the means of getting it before we Can sympathize with the pour desk, the brave soldier, or the needy contractor; until them y your sympathy is mockery, your every men sore of relic f may add more to toe distress of all who livelihood depends on their taxed salary. I repeat that there are but three modes of raising this money—one is by isantng your nt tee; calling them money. and corn• Pealing, tar people to take them; another Is by Liming your bonds or promises to pay in future, and another is to contact the money in the form of a tax from the peo Pie. That all these modes may be resorted to to proven from the hasty modes of nations when involved in War. As the ant la the easiest It is apt to be resorted to first, but it is a doubtful expedient at any time, at wars dangerous and soon exhausted. If pressed tog far, ft destroys laws and taxes, and national bankruptcy Is the litevitsbus reenli A limited amount of the money was indispensable to use as a medium of enduing& It is like some medicines, necessary im certain cases and in moderate quantities. but If taken In !ZOO! b are mere death. Payer money fs need by a government is cal.ed a loan, but it has none of the el ements of a loan, except the p - omise to pay There can be no loan without a lender, and his act must .be voluntary. In the -middle ages governmenre retoreg to forced loans—a contradiction of terms. A forced loeu,Was merely an n‘ Just and an neequai tax. I choose idiresaro tee United btatea legal:tender notes not as a I owl mode, but as money , lawful money—which the citizen is compelled to xecelvo—that whlth now takes the standup of all values Whetter the power to mews is de-lived frost; the power to coin money or to borrow n °nay, or whether , it is Inherent in every go vernment clothed with the attributes of _evaretanty, are ouestiOns ee seen not now (llamas Werhava ex wale, d the power. -It is now the currency of the coas t: y. the nieaanre of value, and we can only resniate its form end amount by providing for its redemption While we can and have made our paper money the standszd of value, we cannot fix ten prife or rains of shy other commodity, whether. gold, silver, or font. This'attempr ben he. n m.de in many,aorernments in o Permit ages. and ban uniformly felled. Tbd standard of value may he axed by the •Goveroment. Ink a higher_ LOA' lie revs rem iss vs ne of sit commodities, es, mud,. cured by this standard, we may by our tariff or tax law fifteen the re otive velum of commodities, but we cannot by direct legislation ax the value of any commodity, either in Kole or paper !Money. When the attempt has been made, the result hes been to advance rather that to decreeme the value of the commodity ALI °needed , to Ix the value of gold, as mei:wired by oar oatmeal'. have failed. We may make It a penal offence to buy or cell AMA} we MY deny the use of our smartie to enforce ouch nu moot, t we may probtifit the enportation If cold: ors rbby deter sales of sold by hearytaxation—yet. after al e the price of gold flea-S and falls an oar netional credit mese al, ei felts :solar as onrb'gf ejatiun provides cattalos. In einem bent*, our army It preemies a fell of good as nu seared by our etsedard ; so Mr a it merelydlecourallee Woe in poem cr any other eentheelity. it theme. ea its rearms' mane. It it an axiom of potitieal economic. proven by the expel .11.4 01 all nalArb, by every f seal of mestere meet--despotic. meaarchie. or repabliesii— et at eLe relative value of ail eommoaltlee Is beyond the power of legislation. We may lix the sienderd of value. we may hr Iles tax upon the a. mmodlry, sad thie me or gold, U w e"' h i P t 7t h c e ti n o , :11)07%1 power ar a i d z i ed: . b n cl iee: o P ut of s 1 l i t n h e world r .ii.e e v y p . t Where the etameard value ._ Ills theref ore manifeat ti at the first duty of Ge ',geese 1. to ketp oar lawful nom., rs, eteemere of value, as near as poetible to the staerieed of gold. and this can only be done by limiting the amount and by mailing It valuable to pay taxes or tome. It can only be redeemed by tn. government by tamest or came, and every tax or duty, however On. rover) ve to the individual, which withdraw"' for a thzus cur taper money, brings it neerer the steadied of gold. The tower en make money by iseeteg legal-Leader bills In now leX banister' . More than encialett le now mitetand ther to supple a currency. The imue tsf $10',1100.090 more woelo not only to er.ave our debt to that amount, tdit would add even a quarter mere to one ex peadtrares by the teener*** price or commodities commend by the war, while the tmpoeitiois of an equal seem.% of sages mere •ti :ye to our currency. and tom reduces the price ' eemcooelliee we ate ooropilied to buy. Ao increase of papa money benefice the tax payers new at the ex pense of the soldier*, at it reduces the puromming value of the pay of the soldier. while by deleseing tne currency, it lb made eerier for the tax payer to ray a specific sum in the end. However, the tax, by the ummeeed coat of fetid and dothinre end trate . i pi a rLo n tr e. ol h lt atthmaty,wra thebe fience.ellya,pyifidainr.alealudir. thee, vast sums in etl7l imperativemyet our mole of tieing it, and that the emaieet, le ex haaeted, loans nett teens are our only remora.. A loan mast be voea ti tar y It mar. to tome extent. be induced bye ttriontieni In this conmeet tbentende of patriotic people—Welk women. end children, rich and pot:—elike have Minted their eellDse to the Government. loom the pareie motives. Ibe admiralee system of distributing this 1: an by going our from money oeutres to remote ham- let. and Villbn 4o , gathering from-the email savings of the people rather than Mem garnered memories of the rich, bat roved a mondectui mime*, • yet. after all, to borrow • you must apparel to the self-Interest of the lard a great cation borrowing money will be tried' be the itemested torte applied by the pawnbroker to h:e eviterirg victim. The more it weeds to borrow the more It mutt pay. The terms upon which we now torrow prove tbat we have preemie tilts resource as tames le expedient. "Tented by the present sianderd of .old, we now pay TS lO per cent, for three years, and 17 _per cent amerwards unth the debt le paid In gold. We ptocuiee to pay le WOO in gold at the end of want 'years, with intermit for five of thaws at 6 pervert In gold,' end for three years at 7 3-10 in car len ce. sad we receive for tole nitlin ye. which meek be fulfilled to the uttermost, 411,0.0 in currency, wine& will boy cur eoldlere no more than WOO In gold. But lb is is not all We copulate that this property lent us ehall be exempt from all tbe burden. *Mich this war meets upon all other pro pert) of Kate, County, and municipal mixes. 'fete simple statement shown that this eromme of borrowing is eximmitive, teat we care not extend it, except for the higbeet object of national existence When I see the money thus borrowed expected rn trivial sahjseto cannot but tool forward to the slow and hard process by *Lich it mnet all be repaid io gold, with In erect eceumniated and accumnletieff through the agency of collectors, by the process of title bill ant from the Moor of the poor. And if, Senators. you have thought me hard and close as to- isalariee and expendituree. I tt net you will do me the justice to Wive Wit it is not from any doubt of the ability of our country to pay, or to laver the bast end reltieh desire for cheap trainee- Mon, or from a dteinclination to pay m r share, bat beestuth I stein the dim future of our country the same tummy et. ugale between capital and labor, between the rich end the poor, between fund borders and pro. p. r y holder*, thee has marked the kiwory of Great Britain for the last fifty years Ito not with oar public debt izereteseil one denier beyond the neceimitles of the present war, and the only way to prevent thin inCreese is to meteor, oar ex p intention to the lowmt limn o tee sista! with the public service, and to Menem ode taxes to the Melee; aggregate oar Industry will bear. Mr. bBEBH.Iy VS/gamed the tax on miles as ieee. faselble 1n Principle. yet Monte willing to rote for It a. a temperer" , expedient to raise tee revenue. Tae Merano of letter pustage was to make the Post eiffice Department Self supporttne. Tee changes to the bcome tax he deemed neceseary to pre veet a repetition of the shameless anti eel:mien.% leverage of the special income tax Tills was tne only tax impoeed on accumulated promme—me Deets tax ee Money in State or (4 ^ — I w i. l 4 l l:o l4 4. 4 i t halit — ble d n " ra e ir f o l it b eend2f i g l itt its telleetiest Wee a diereputable fame. A ,tot more important feature of the bill was the section compelling the withdrawal of notes of Mate Minim tte the volume of currency affects the pride of commodilles. Be ham no doubt the amount or paper now outstand ing Mereesets the edited phrchecinif by many millions, aid that the nitheal of Concrete, as the /art se.ssion, to pass restrictive measure. compelling' Ito redemption 'hod set handy affected she value of the currency. Tfit- Bona bailee were intended to aupentede State banes, Ind b:ith could Lot exietlogether, yet lemma of elate barks had not materially decreased, while the national bank eyetem wee extending. Indeed. many local banes had been converted Into national banks, and yet they beep out their circulation upon the came capital. it were beater at once to abandon the national system rather than. lease it as a cloak for outstanding Mate bones. It State banks have power enough iheongrees to prolong their existence beyond the present year. it were better to suspend the organization of national hacks As a fest friend of the new system, he would to day vote for its re peal Blither than to allow it to be tee Beerier by which State banks may innate the %r -eenter. The power of taxation could not be more Wisely exercised than In hairnet:ming tench tenaency. and placing on a secure basis of national credit the money of the. eisnntry. Many of the taxes proposed in this bill were hot in accordance with the establishes rums of political economy founded upon European experi ence. Our olden, b-ginnere in the science of taxa tion, w ae lees to equalize than to increase our revenue All otberqueetionemnat yield to the necessity of levying most expeditiously the largest possible taxes. To do ibis we must extend it to nearly all articles 'of production and consumption. It was true of some of thee. Wee that they a ere unequal. it coned only be ri plied that money was needed now, and to the future meet be left changes dictated by riper experience. Tease levied ncw muss be paid by those at home who do not fleet; it postponed they will fail in a measure on them taut have fought. Taxes paid now were paid in a depreciated currency. It postponed they mutt be paid in gold If paid now the tenosency is to reduce the price 01 commodities and enable the Government to borrow upon better terms. If withheld the sum is In- Creased to be raised hereafter What we pay now we pay without:inter:di what we postpone mast be peed three-mold In accumulating interest. Be help that the war had . given great activity to all claim-c of industry, yielding enormous profile an that It wee mese that time Government ehontd Medea a fall tax before these profits were conenmed is expenditures. A tax system, fully enforced now, would relieve tee people from heavy taxes *hen the reaction of peace should lower the profits of industry. We could not th ermos weer, we should prepare to reduce them. Taxes we WA be paid cheerfully in view of the dangers thremened by Secession, it which the people would cm mplain when the dimmer was peas. -Mho spectre of repudiation would never trouble tee if we did our duty of tax-paying as well as our ecedtere do that ef fighting. Therefore. every dictate of policy, every seatittenV of patelonem demanded that the Intim taxation now be assessed and impertlallmcolluetl a The same. geaeral , antilmiehefeinge'retelicleetly elteellbreett e lty of Paring custom duties In gold, and we were in no condition to pro tect cur commerce from competition. because our veeeale were the prey of British pirates. Oar imme diate want wee revenue payable in gold. We would not forego that revenue without destroying our national credit. Onr tariff lawa metal then be framed solely with a view to revenue. He would only modify the, revenuesuties when much a course would increase the If by Mere:ming the duty we would enhance the revenue without diminiening the ce zeamp . - W n en n our grndurtry egiee, empsahou d ln e ropier. leg the- waste of war, increased importation may become a vast injury, by exhausting the coup try of gold. The true principle must be to frame the.tariff laws so as to produce the greatest revenue farm the least importation. When the war closet, the English rule should apply, of levying the requisite du ties on the feweet articles, wish a view to increase Comm. rce and footer industry He believed if the Com mtesionem of the Revenue and his sitoordinaues did their duty three hundred millions would be raised outing the calendar year. on an ample basic of public credit which eveuid rapidly relieve the publiodebe If the war should pee this year, our system of finance would soon enable 'alto Commence the redaction of the public debt. Powell, Blddle Sanle6iny. Shop:flan, Wade, Wilkinson Wilson, W gh Mr SUMNER expreised himself opposed to a tax:on hooka of was a tax on knowledge. whish- was not worthy of Consume. Every tax on bolas was an im oullmeat th e eoncation he moved to strike one the Manse in bill of last cession imposing a tax on books, magazines. revitwa. and other minute matter. Mr SAULIaBIThY said it was ear. appropriate and very consistent with the legislation of the present day to tax Bibles and Testaments and exempt all other books Mr. CLARK said It was a mistake to suppose that the tax on books yielded an inoonniderab e revenue. There were einem imblithlog houses that Paid eighty to one hundred thousand dollars a year in 0 per cent. ad valo. rem tax It would be unfair to tax shirts and stockings and let novels go untaxed. Mr BENDRIOCS was willing to oxsmpl the Bible, but no other books fit m taxation. Mr. WILSON raid the people who read the Bible were the ones who were the most willing to pay taxes and he was opposed to exempting any books of any kind. Mr. Wilson spoke of what be termed the lotseneee of 'he manner in - which the revenue was collected There were at least twenty Milieus of dollars in the hands of collectors who were sett:tainting in whisky end in everything elee,tci the Injury or the Government. The Government was defrauded, he said. In the matter of clerk hire end stationery. In the State of New York tbln . was especially the cave . In the Thirty-second u lecon district, for instance, which fe in the city of traw -1 ork, the charge for stationery for a year was 1 53. 6 70. There were Se. tOO persons assented In this district, while in- the 9 hirty-elahtn dietrietotsteesteg 477,0 W names, the entire cost of stationery wee only #3 110. Mr. BALE thought a tex on knowledge would be a very fruitful source of revenue. especially if you let every man band in his own Inver tory. [Laughter.] There were 138117 Senators here who would have to Pay a large rum if assessed on their own returns when the elute suijects were under discussion. The question on Mr. Stnner's amendment to exempt books trom taxation Was decided in the negative —aa follows: TEAL Morgan, Sanabury, MAYS. Anthony, - Foster. Ramsay. hmckalew, Grimes. Sherman, Chandler, Barris, Sprague, Clark, Mindere:on, Stewart, Coflamer, Bowe, Ten Eyck, Colman, Johnson, • Van Winkle, Cowan, Eye, • Willey, Dixon, Pomeroy, Willson, Farwell, Powell, Wright. The question then recurred on the amendment of the Finance Committee to exempt magazines from the book tax of flee per cent. It was rejected—seas 12. nave 20. 2he question was then taken on the Finance Com milttee`a amendment not to exempt Bibles. Wawa:tents, end common school books from taxation, and it was adopted. The gelato then adjourned. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, DIITTBEI ON IMPORTS. Mr. MORRILL, of Vermont, from the Committee of Ways • and Means. reported a bill amendatory or the act Imposing duties on imports, approved June, 1)164 Ha satd it was not now, proposed to go into a general revision of the tariff, but'to postpone the main subject till the next erasion; but having imposed higher duties on domestic liquors And raised the duty on petroleum and cotton, all the committee now proposed to do W 45 to change the mode of estimating the value and to in. crease some of the rates. The bill was read. It proposes, among other things, "That from and after the passage of this act. in ad di- Von to the duties heretofore imposed by law. there shall Die paid on brandy rum, whisky, amok liquors and cordiale, fifty coats per gallon of toe first proof, to be increased in proportion for any greater etrenath than fret proof. MD, spun or reeled from cocoons, ten per 544ttinl ad valorem. and !alien of the present duties there shall be paid on cotton five cents per pou d. illuminating gee, oil, naphtha, benzine, refined cosi 011, shale, peat,troleum, or other bituminous sub stances for illumin pe ating, forty eents_per gallon. Tobacco stems, fifteen cents per pound. Ready-made clothing of alit, or of which slit is a component lett and of chief Tains- sixty per oeutam. On bar Don or iron for railroads, and fitted to be laid down, fifteen wants • hundred pounds. That the tonnage duty in the tariff act of July 4 1862. be increased from ten cents to thirty cent,, ho much of the act of 1816 as prohibits the exportation of guano on Islands diam,vered by Americana is repealed—the act t 0 take ♦ff..t OD 4 pill 1, 1866. The bill contains a provision imposing a doty of twenty per centom ad valorem on goods the vain, of which is based on the square yard. The fortification bill having been returned front the Senate with an amendment reducing the original items onto half. Mr. TOWNSEND. of New York, said this seems rather a careless way of legislating. The House reports a bill appropriating gush amounts as in their jadgmest ate Deceiver,, and the Berate rsifhces the amounts just one-half. Now. It would occur to any person of the most ordinary capacity that thsre are some places which sae of more in portance then others. Tate, ror instance. the fortifications of New York harbor. Larse *outruns have jutt been given out, and to curtail the appropria tions for that Macs would be a very eerlOtt• matter. In the event of a foreign war New York, from its wealth and importance, would probaoly be the trot point of attack. I would lite, tit' retorts, to ask the chairman of the tiommittee of Ways and Moans If this matter was carefully considered before asking the concurrence of the lions. Mr DTETENS, of Pennsylvania, replied that the mat ter was oceisidered very carefully in committee, sod although they were opposed to the redaction they coot sidt red that the sum appropriated would be as muse as they cone expend during the year They therefore ocncluce to recommend that the Howie coaeur In the intendment On motion, th e ROW, accordingly concurred Ia My Senate tweed ment. xxxourrea AND JIMICIIAL APPR9PIILATION nix/. 'Oa House considered the Senate's amendments to the legislative,.execntive, and itoiltdal apprtbPriattoa bill, - • Mr. FRANCE of New York, chairman of the Library Committee. said the enlargement of toeCtoostreseiOntil Library, for which' an appropriation of 11100.000 wag abed was absolutely nteeisary. beaanes no more room exults , for tue addition of boots. and more than ben the present library Is unprotected agates% Gre— et:ll.Wo out of the 90,0.0 volumes are In the wooden per 110 D of the library, eubtect to a rspeti , ton df tee ea. 'amity which destroyed the colleodoa to 181 k and has sow nearly deetroyod the Smiths taloa Inittivutloe. Tbe great &sorter to these slaws-at treasnres 1s ft, ler to.all. tied otos lost, the books cannot, be fully Grsp O e te nm en T s h ,a nddo n6-anono o h th e ev t e ti re r S f a tes, & r r e o t l o e valuable to be neglected, and this great national Hera- Ire, which has betty, biUlt up by Sumer GOadrealell at PUETHBR DILBATE. TM3 L'OitTIBIOATION RILL. a mone aonench en:matte:es of ea an d tenser be eudersd of temain nap rowswit y. skoeld no o T) e amendment wee eosoorred ie. Ite 'hse with others. Tbe Bowe. added an aroeodment rertnirleg the the •xt day in pro f of Comtleee to be Publiehe e -- e - - 1 d the Ckmpressionat Oterbe—.panohea not &cm * . •• wive° in be postponed well there Is room for then,. Rh Dar toinNOY APPROPItILTION SILL. The next amendment of the Senate was the addition of to. defictenet epprouristion bill, about the nattaffe of which there has been long delay. owlet to the 'I I " , gym meat by the senate to the appropriation of thirty eight Itioturind Calera (or iota Coo Penchtio• to the clerks and otter cam °yeas of the Howse. Tie CO el aatop of Way weed Sirens recommended a non- coatalr *eche In fist. amendment. Mr.) °BRILL hoped the House would conour in the amendment of the e suite, ano thus end the contra us re 7. the eluesidMeht bring the dedcioncr bill as it bad paaam the Brute, but without the Item of extra compsnsai ion to Clefts and eat ployeee Mr. t•TXVitit 8 said the House • id refused more than twice to afflicts out the ap)rourt aloe. yet the helmets persists. Be stated that the lifty-t wo senators received 1117,00 for stationery. while one hnedrod and 010W/- two tuenb-ro of Ike Hotuse received' , nty 4112 Ok). The toast°.a dirtribote ninety six voinnee each of the Ctroprwet,olot Wails each member of the House woo trntsd only twenty -far, and also Wiens. The Senator from Ohio (Mr Mherleael• re ceives Wails tt e rut mbar of How, from the same town. receives $440. Each of the Senators from Kansas raced re *MOO 8.. the mber here receives bat YON and yet tbe B. nth. did nut end fault with thme domestic tnetitu none of the ernes*. but tr e Bowe d Id waive the right t.) manage their coating. nt fund in their Giro way. Mr. Od *Chi ICLD. of 001. wee , nitwit/Mg longer to keep on the c weet. and referred to the law of lea to show that no sacra, ray shall be alto wed omens there ie medal pr. vision for that purpose The House. in its Reo.cceity. lest winter pasewi a real:dation to pay seen extra con pet/3.410n already re face of law . Mr JASSIsh (1 ALLEN. of Illinois. was unwilling to yie•d to the dictation of the Senate. and. therefore, oye nosiedthe Semite emenemeot. Mr Ka3Sor/. of lowa, said he wag originally OD rowed t . the ex t ra COlDPensetion. bnittonght tt was the only t f the Bowe to mend by its position sad insist on t ening Its clerks the compensation to which they were eat tied 'the question was taken on the amendment. adding. the deficiency bitl moneys to the extra comnsnsation for Brine Ue. ks and employees, and decided la the nega tive—yeaoht Day a 76 THR ZNROLIII4IT BILL. The Rouse resumed the ooneteeration of the amenda tory ex lo meet hi 1. the section pending beteg Met winch Increnses the psnalty for dualism be diction chiedue deserters w uo do not return in sixty days. Mr. TOWlllblillas, of Sew York. moved to strike out the section Mr SCHlilcg. of Ohio. said this section was cooled precisely from tl e bid width bee pasted the Se nste.sad he be) ieted It to be a whotteotoo provision. tie way glad tie in. Mu hive been wads, because it would distinenteh these who were friendly to those who bad descried their country sod fl tg from ;hots who were in Istror of paniakong-sock nesters Mr. JAMIte 0. eILBII otrpseed the section because It we. designed to be re truncates, and he entered hue pro test against the inf.-ience drown by the gentleman from Ohio, who °matt no so be Ganging snob remarks la the tate 01 itent,truen on the opposition tilde of the Hotted. ho do not support the tection should not be ersalgned as attendee of the Government. It wee arjliet Mr. DEMI% of New York. in his marks, said tidily was nonecessity fur ss c h a stringent mensare.stal that the bill itself irt.lived the rights of every citizen thionabout the c:snntry Mr kiCHNINCK remarked Olathe had made no general charge of disloyalty. and, in reply to Mr Allen, said the bid was pot retrain:lre, and the Committee on Military Aral shed carefully aaoldea mac lux it to Mr. TOW Nblld D explained hi. resarits for striking oat the section, raying that ionecent perams wool(' os effeettd lie did rot go to ibe gentleman from Ohio for his loyalty to the Government and threw book the in fa ms ns illeibbalEloll of the gentleman with scorn. Mr. Townsend wae called to order. Mr. bf'BEhCli Ohl let him so on Mr. 'I OwNk END concluded Me remarks. when Mr. KENNON said that. If entertaining the genii. west,. which rho gentleman bad exprka,ed.gtoottitated disielitlis, then, in his opinion. the gentleman waft disloyal. Mr. ILDRIDGI. of Wiegonsin,inquired whether nett language w as in order? 'l he b PEAK KR replied that the gentleman , He Introduced David .W. Sellers, Em., we y taw remarks, informed Mr. Leigh teat .- pointees, as a testimony of their personal the relations which they had lately borne to L. 4 ' bad procured abeantlful gold watch and ehillr . r presentation to him. Mr. Selina exprapaell: 3ll) ...4. opinion of all those with whom the retitle; vs:l'i stoner bad had business oonnections, that titF;'' never known him to be 291:01311 in duty, Il!aii the duties owed to the city and to his wo-;isso faithfully performed. Mr. Leigh thanked )1 lers and the appointees in a neat speech. P. that in whatever situation they might hermit placed be would ever hold in joyful ramein:: the present occasion and the feelings wkill Called it forth. The company then sat down excellent supper. After the cloth wa.9 re's' speeches were made by a number of gentlican tent, and the best feeling prevailed. The an excellent gold hunting case lever, and the: is elaborate and costly. Mr. Leigh In re•lrlcit: office has certainly the satisfaction of kniataz his efforts for the public good were apprecisi' those who probably knew him best. PRANCES E. 'TAUTER. Last evening Mrs.rs. Frances E. Harper. *hoe colored orals'', delivered a lecture on and Effects of the War, before the S00 13 ).::'.; and Statistical Association of the C010re 4 ..`,7,:, of Pennsylvania, at Concert Hall. The • was large and appreciative. Pre4lll.? livery of the lecture, Miss E. T. Greet tLi :;i• "Black Swan," sang, and a band of - coursed beautiful music. Her subject wella i :•. with ability. Her manner is pleaslnr and She attracts and holds the attention of Ler during the entire delivery of her lecture. K . • M . fended the colored troops from the many thrown upon them, and instanced their Le.-t'; :•• many a hard-fought battle-field of the ere: 05 ,, DEATH OF AR ESTEEMED George Taylor, aged 64 years, and c"-: 0 past twenty.sig years, 1.3.8 niessevver at Of , Sylvania HORPRILI, has. gone to his rest. /".. Much loved by all who knew him, end 4167 ,.' 1 ":. his duties well, as all who ever had that Institution can testify. He W 55 1,010 4 day from the house of Mr. David P. paoora7. : Theo. Allen delivered a touching 5c1},,,` ... 7, which he spoke of the high character :I ceased and of the respect In which, be w. 14 his many friends. The funeral was Israely stn. 1 1 and all mourned the loss of this worthy ARMY HOSPITAL REPORTS.. The foil:mint are the weekly reppro,-4 to _...pg ni vernent hose talis in this district as sere the Medical Director's 0104 In this iti day morning: . HOOPITALL Braid-street` Summit Holum le • Cbsetnnt White Ha 11... Filbert-4mi Pittsburg...lt. Oerark-- . . IstantowDmhyk•• Mat tell MI • •••%••••••••••••• Raddission. ..... Islington Idever.y. V J. ••••••••••••• Turtiee s.' tine Crowder gonilk•sirret ...... Cittiens' Odioers' )i 111 ion 7 10, 49 Total....eses I