PRESS, I'll UAIIiT (SUNDAYS EXCEPTED) ■ ■■'■■'■''a'r 30I«» w. F»BJY*T. Kc , JJI SOUTH FOURTH STREET. *" —“ ■rilE DAILY PKESS, »,Mcrlt>B«, Is Teh Dollars Pub Amnnt, In Twiivir Cents Pub Wbbh, payable to u f!: or Mailed lo Subscriber* oat of the city, f *<' Jl ’ !#r ‘uiPK»A!»tr»s Form Dollars asd Inter Mouths! Two Dollars ahd Tw'kkty- Ob* p' g thbbb MoHiaa. Invariably la advanoe t * j rad Sip' 1 .®(rtwmenie Inserted at the nenal rate*. TBI-WEEKI.T PUESS, '' salscdbera, Five Dollars Feb Ahkcm. la # !i 5 WOODS' JOBBERS. JJl* V vV. : 0 s IMG. O H Tit IJ 6 , corHBEF, LAFOURCADE, & C 0„ ' ~t C HESTNUT street, (|1 ’ AES c t,'OSIWG OUT IHHIB ...and winter stock f- 1 " OE MEN’S WE A E . a . jsJJIiOW VAXiXTEJ. -^yffiissioNHOirsES, HUTOHIHSON, JO il» OHBBTITOT BTffIPW. MISSION MBEOHANTBJ I 0» THI OAM oi -!»: OOODS. Kt/I'A.HL- BBY BOOPS, "■gOWFERTHWA.IT & 00., £i fO l, SIXTH and ARCH Streets. jaS GREAT blanket stoke. AT RETAIL. E i,&rrEErs at wholesale. jjIANKETS FOB HOUSEKEEPERS; giiSEETS FOE HOTELS. SII OICETS FOB THE AR3IY. g U SKETS FOR THE NAYY. BANKETS OF ALL SIZES. jIuVNKETS OF ALL QUALITIES. iuANKETS THE CHEAPEST IK TOWN. JUNKETS TO SUIT EVERYBODY, AT THE BL.A.3NK3E3X STOB^, 5 , £, oof. NINTH and ABOH STREETS. j^fjovideSl l oa.*£ Display. ■JC Cart fOOlt «ont»ln« » flu ihoir of prowily- p! : ai «!«»nt turmtatd, for fall and plater w«u. m YBLOUR CLOAKS. HANDSOME BEAVER DO. finest frosted beaver do. black tricot and beaver do, FINS BLACK GARMENTS. WATER PROOf CLOAKB. CLOAKS MADE TO ORDER. COOPER & CONARD i hU'UiwSb Southeast eorae? NINTH and HARK2T. IQTBS I CLOTHS 1 CLOTHS ! W. X. BNODGKASS 9 CLOTH HOUSE, 31 South SECOND Street, 543 STRAWBERRY Street. Ei« m=t received per latest Importations a great stock S'fr .1.-K, laclnding.au extensive assortment Of LADIES' cloakings nSNTI,EMES'S D COATINGS. M!&, atulUtnckof __ ARMY AND NAVY GOODS, as follows: mom All SHADES AND PRICES. rsTfr/mKs, ybry beautiful. TtffCON, DRY AND HIGH *IBI9H. ; DRY and high finish. lam AS* BEAL SEDAN. BOUT FINISH. ; .IUhILLAIT ALL OOLORB. FROM $8 TO *l2. I 881 COATIHGB.LATEST STI LBS. .ill BLUR CLOTHS. BT BLUB CLOTHS. . PilJO BLUB PILOTS. 3JIGO BLUB BEAVERS. • -T.-KS. HIGH FINISH. ViIYET FINISH BEAVERS. 1.1. K BACK BEAVERS. „ . „ Hm4 f> 4 INMGO BLUB FLANNELS. U LIGHT BLUE FLANNELS. „ „ iri 111 kinds of Clotlis. Casstmeras, and Vestings. !v»ulnss. Cloakings, and all goods pertaining to -.doit trade. deo-lm ri'RTAIN DEPARTMENT. WIBD, TAX HABIWGEX, & ABBISON, No. 100 S CHESTNUT STREET, i"i ;-:c?ired from the lata AUCTION SALES IN NEW YOKE A large addition to their splendid stock or LICE AND MUBLIN CURTAINS, CATELLE, SATIN DELAINES. BEDS. TEBBY JAPANESE CLOTH. title various other materials most desirable for aloe, chamber, dining- boom, and LIBRARY CURTAINS. 1 lutes for furnishing single rooms, salts of apart fc* or a -whole house, based on a large deduction -’sterner plicae, promptly furnished, and the work uairlly and faithfully performed hy experienced c: reliable hands. dea-fm#lot ■IXEST cloakings made. Snwb textile fabrics for Cioa&icgg t comprising assortment of all the popular styles, to -’sHTUhsome exclusive goods more difficult to Ob-* fleesi Chinchilla Beaver*. fif'bt Velour Oloakingß, f.jacb! diagonal real Fronted Beavers. Haeai plain mixed real Frosted Beavers. *terj de.irable shade ol the above. •iir.erican Chinchilla*, of good finish. Aw Cloakings, of several sorts. ' do. do. CO do, do. H do, do. 11$ 0 do. do. Sjnek Tricots, of every grade. Castor Beavers, do. do. &** Doeskins, do. dQ. } i? t* fancy woven fabrics, of Jlne quality. ; &fet»°«d other Coatings. ••'i ‘SO PLg®' *“ W* 4 •Wto**** st s^* StsisEgs'men, TBS STYLISH, x ARTISTS, ■ OIL SPSCCLiTOES, BOYS, AND ALL OTHBBS, t < 'Sited with heat and medium geode at very i W*t prices. We claim to have aa _good a stock of ” 1 'it - IMERES as any other honse in town. . CLOAK ROOM , h . . t a elegant and fashionable garments, second 'vS'"' ‘M taperior to meet. Onr facilities for getting -" '-I. l long experience in manufacturing enable improve on every former very euccesaful ex** "t* iliete desirable garment* for ladies’ Wear. COOPER A OONARD, <!*’2t S. E. oor. NINTH and MARKS C Streets. Rep poplins. ■Mid colors, extra fine quality* for $3. Plaid Poplins of unusual beauty, at $2, Good quality wide plaid Poplins* $1.29. figured reps, Mohairs, and. Merfnoes. ' 127 pieces newest unique American Delaines, some or them choice and neat, others very gay stripe. • OyevlOOpiecesAmerican prints, 81,36.38,and 40 cie. Bleck Mohairs and cts to $1.75. lot for miasea,maids,and matrons, ynaks and Shawls iu’Cloak room. display !*»,»£«. 8. E. Oor. NINTH and MARKET Bt». ip.OAINS I BARGAINS ! „ aids Linen Crash, at p X!I yards Linen Crash, atiske. ■ pis of White Flannel* at 56^c, : : '*>‘B of English Flannel, at fis)£c, ■.-oisof all-wool Flannel, at6B>£c. . v-rpectfally cell the attention of Hospitals and the tppp-, Aid Society to these Fiannolst&s they are a . JOHJf H. STOKES, TOa ARCH Street. _ i GHSBTSTDY BTBKKT, S, 1, PEEBLES u »au,t Mosrrara HOVBLTIBB f UOSB, g % WHITE GOODS, | I BMBBOIDiEIES pj . VEILS, ! SAKDKEEOHIEFS, *O. CLOSING OUT! BAR- BfW'SS ! ! A JSmSOID BKPORK JANUARY 1.1885. °SEAT SEDUCTION IK FJRKIB3. ■ , DRESS goods, Sanely, suitable for 5-*, HOLIDAY PRESENTS, tnvt a®® Silks at lov prices. Wait «, kinds at low wises, wla Slerinoes and Poplins. <D».RIOH PLAID POPLINS of all kinds at loir prices. I.i t SSpHB AND WOOLEN SHAWLS. iSir 4k f s > Bass Collars. - »«U rad OambrleLaco Veils. ■ jr-r-- k °B, yi3 and 715 North TENTH Street, : J 4X«B18 8. EARLE <5 SON. it,, a 5 816 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILA., I rtw * * T «ry Sne assortment of u °king GLASSES. of every eiaracter. of tbe - . f.amuiimin and latbst styles tyj PA IKTINOS, engravings, r*QT3R!AN» PHOTOGRAPH PBAJOI& YOL. B.—NO. 115. THE HOLIDAYS. JJOLIDAY GIFTS' OF MAGNIFICENT AND ELEGANT DESIGNS. DRESSING AND ODOR OASES, Cigar/and Fuff Boxes, BUFFALO COMBS, TOOTH, NAIL, AND HAIR SHUSHES, SATCHELS, POCKET BOOKS, SCISSORS IN OASES, lABIK AN® POCKET KNIVES, RAZORS AND STROPS, WITH A FULL ASSORTMENT OF FINE CUTLERY AND PARIS FANCY GOODS. SNOWDEN & BROTHER, IMPORTERS, S 3 SOUTH EIGHTH STREET. drf-fmwGt&dm . QBAND EXHIBITION OF CHRISTMAS PRESENTS! G. A. SCHWARZ, , No. 100 C CHESTNUT STREET, ABOYK TBHTH, PHIL AD A, Kespectfnlly informs Mg customers and tile public In general, that be Lag opened now all List NEW IMPOBTATIONS of Gorman, French, and English FARCY BOOPS ATO TOYS- Having visited all the largest European Manufactories personally, I am confident that the YAttUSTF AHD CHEAPHESS OF GOODS cannot be surpassed In this All BTtTiuvited to visit the store, whether they purchase or otherwise. A.WwARZ, Importer and Wholesale and Ho tall Dealer. delO-BinwSt ~Pf OLID AY PRESENTS. G. RUSSELL,' 32 KOETH SIXTH STREET, would Invite attention to Ms stock of flue American and Imported ■ WA.XOHES, In Sold and Silver. GCML.3D ilitj W I‘i f.ify of tie latest Styles. * HANDSOME silver ware. warranted pure coia, &c., salt able for HOLIDAY PRESENTS. & RUSSELL, 32 Forth SIXTH Street. |JSBFUL AND ORNAMENTAL - CBBISTSIAS PRESENTS. GOLD SPECTACLES, GOLD BYE GLASSES, MICROSCOPES. OPEHA-GEASSSS, SPY-GLASSES, STEREOSCOPES AND VIEWS, MAGIC LAS TERRS, BOXES OF DRAWING INSTRUMENTS, POCKET COMPASSES, PANOV THERMOMETERS, GLOBES, AIR POMPS, ELECTRIC HACHINBS, GALVANIC BATTERIES, SPELLING BOARDS, Witß Movable Letteis,'Ac., JOB SALE B* JAMBS W. QUEEN & CO., ' 934 CHESTNUT STEIET. Illustrated Catalogues gratis. * riERISTMAB PRESENTS. Wlat could be a more acceptable Obritfcmae Pre teat FOB A GENERAL, FOB A COLONEL, FOB A CAPTAIN, • FOB A LIEUTENANT, FOE A BURGEON. than a handsome PRESENTATION SWORD. SASH, and BELT,; such as can always be obtained,in the high est artistic finish, at GEORGE W. SIMONS * BROS. , Manufacturing Jeweler#, Sansoia-street Hall, 610 HANSOM Street, Philadelphia? n029-12t CHRISTMAS COTTOH TJM BRELLAS, * A Christmas Gingham Umbrellas. Christmas 811 k Umbrellas. Christmas Alpaca Umbrellas. Christmas Small Umbrellas. Christmas large Umbrellas. Cimstaas Meflam pI7BSELII , aelS-61 ' Hog. H aaA * Noith. gOTOTH Street. Jb. FINE WATCHES, JEWELRY, *** SILVER AND PLATED WARE, COSHES ARCH AND TENTH STREETS. Brooches, Sleeve Buttons. Armlets, Bracelet*. Sear! Fine and BintstfEea Seta, lee Fitcher*. Walters, Goblets, Forks. Spoons, &e. Watches Warranted. Old Bold, Diamonds, and Silver bought. n«2O-8m FAIRBANKS’ WAREHOUSE, 715 CHEBXHUV STREET. fi OLi DA Y €JO AI? eiAa A-J.V.W 85. JJARE AND FASHIONABLE CONFECTIONS FOB THE HOLIDAYS, IN NEAT BOXES, SUITABLE FOE PRESENTS FRESH EVERY DAY, E. to. WHITMAN & CO.’S, a«2-lm No. 318 CBESTITDT St,, below Fourth. MILLINERY. •>' RADIES’ SILH H ATS t ‘FRENCH SHAPES. BIRDS, FEATHERS, FLOWERS, ALL THB NOVELTIES IN THE MILLINBBY LINE. THOS. KENNEDY & 880., oel2-WfmSm Ho. 739 CHESTNUT Street, MERCHANT TAILORS. gDWARD P. KELLY, J OHN- KELLYj TAILORS, 618 CHESTNDT STREET; Will from tkl* Act* (Oetobw Sd) (til at BEDDOED PRICES, VO* CASH, xfiotf CABPETi.Ajna Op>CLQTEIg._ 1864. . . • 1864. eU»SCBO eSBJSAETOWir, MoOALLUM A CO.; CARPET WAREHOUSE, WM CHESTNUT BTBSSS, soie-t. jranaHHumA, : , I 1864. 1864. M.CCAXJLX7M A CO., RETAIL DEPARTMENT, • _ \ •1* CHESTNUT BTBEBT, grFOMTN IMPBPbJPNNOB HALL. CANTON MATTOOS. B D , A LABS! IB VOICE OF FINE COCOA- MATTINGS. "' HARBISON JARDBIT. SCALES. jgCAH.ES FAMILY USE, bob cHsmrar strwT 1 CUItTAIPr GOODS* ALR ATBIf. NOVELTIES IN BICB CURTAIN GOODS, WINDOW SHADES, FURNITURE COVERINGS, WALK ATE N, MASONIC HALL, TlO CHESTNUT STREET. L» CHESTNOT STIHGOE' 0y RT AIN STORE. 1026 CHESTOTT STE?*T. BROCATEELE CURTAINS. COTEEINE CURTAINS. ' TERRY CURTAINS. MUSLIN CURTAINS. SATIN BE LAINE CURTAINS, REP CURTAINS. LACE CURTAINS, WINDOW SHADES. Oar workmaaiiMS Is unsurpas«e4. O. IT, STOUT fc CO., 1080 CHESTNUT fitraet SEWING MACHINES. GIFT FOB A LADY, A GIFT FOR A WIFE, A GIFT JOB A SISTER, A GIFT FOR A FAMILY. The most nsefnl HOLIDAY PRESENT that can he made is * ‘ “FLOjaENCE.” AMERICAN'INVESTOR'S GREAT TRIUMPH. TEE SEWI3TG MACHINE PERFECTED! All the objections to other Machines are overcome in the FLORENCE. It makes FOUR DIFFERENT STITOHES with the same ease, and with as little machinery-as others make one. Besides, It has the REVERSIBLE FEED MOTION, a nniform, celf-regnlating tension of thread, and no springs, cox- wheels, or came to get out of order. It does ALL KINDS OF FAMILY SEWING, from the heaviest woolens to the most delicate fabrics, nslnx all hinds cf silk, cotton, and linen thread, from Ha 20 to 200. HO OTHER MACHINE does so large a range of work -as the FLORENCE. HO OTHER MACHIHE Pleases the ladies so well as the FLORENCE. IT IS THE HANDSOMEST AND THE BEST!. More than ONE THOUSAND of the FLORENCE hare been sold in Philadelphia within the last few months. The VLORENCE is the only PERFECT FAMILY SEW ING MACHIHE, warranted to give entire satisfaction, or money returned. There to no one who owne a FLORENCE that would sell it at eost. Obliging LADY .OPERATORS give instructions at the houses of purchasers.free of charge. Every Machine warranted, and kept in perfect order for one year. - Call and see its operations, whether yon wish to pur chase or not. 'Samples of sewing, with price list, sent free by mail. FLORENCE SEWING MACHINE GO., C3O ciiestmit Street. de!2-tf SEWING MACHINES, 7X5' CHESTNUT ST. GENTS’ FOBKISHINe GOODS. Holiday presents FOR GENTLEMEN, A SPLENDID ASBOBTMENT OF GENTLEMEN’S FURNISHING GOODS, SUITABLE FOB fbesents. J. W. SOOTT & CO., 81* CHESTNUT Street jQENTLEMBN’B WRAPPERS 1! ' l ’ \ ’ JOHN G. ARRISON, j Nob. 1 and 3 NORTH SIXTH STREET, la now offering an elegant and extensive variety or ' -OTTLMEES WRAPPERS, SCARFS, NECK-TIES, MUFFLERS, GLOVES, HANDKERCHIEFS, SUSPENDERS, &o„ , SUITABLE FOE CHRISTMAS PRESENTS. .d«7-tja3_ - • SKATES. WILSON’S SKATE DEPOT, If 409 CHESTNUT Street, Huladelpila. We Lave just received the largest and moat desirable siock of - ' LADIES’, GENTS’, AND BOYS’ SKATES ever offered In tbls elty. whlcb we will take mdcb nleasnioln sbowlngall wbo desire to enjoy the delight ful recreation of Skating. PHILIP WILSON h 00., 409 CHESTNUT Street. QKA.TES, SKATES, SKATES, O a full assortment of SKATES and SKATE STEAPB for sale at yery lew prices, at w KCfTGHT * SON’S, 509 and 511 COMMERCE Street. '■ n026-tf gEMOYAL. B. J. WILLIAMS, - HANDFACTDBEB OF VENE T I A N BLIN D S AND WINDOW SHADES, BBMOYEB from ETo. IS (in consequence of fire) to No. 35 North Sixth Street,) Where he will he very (lad to see his customers and friends, until hls'old establishment is rebuilt. no3o lit JHE SALEM LEG. UNDER THE PATRONAGE OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT. CiscttijAk No. 5 haejnst been issued. Send fox a copy to the SALEM, LEO COMPANY, sal™, mass.,/ and learn from it the reasons -why this leg li steadily supplanting the many "best legs made In the world.”. GBpifS and WEABBRP. ICCOuNTS of numerous CASEStreatedbythis original and method, TERM 8, and all other needful information. „ Soldiers enHtifid to a Leg can receive the Balem Leg WITHOUT CHARGE. n034»1«i WOOD, WOOD/WDOD. —OA.K, PINB. H aad HICKORY WOOD, fors&la at low«st cast i> watson; VINE-STREET WHABg. prices. uoW-lm* nOTTDN MACHINES FOR SALE.— V i set of Worker axed. Striper 36*lack cardf, Jenks’ make. . * 1 do. flat do,; 86-inck do > leaks’ make. 2 Drawing Coiier Frame e, 6 revolvers, X H-stftnd Dine»mcli Bobbin Speeder. 2 hand »ules, 6uo spindles, each. 6 Rina-Thro? tie? In complete order. Applr to d 67 6t» D. TRAINED, LIN WOOD STATION; Penna. A F. OROtKEY, CHICAGO, ILL.— iY. Alcohol, 85 ® cent ; Bye Whisky, proof; Oo- Loene Spirits, 96 ft cent ; Columbian Gin, proof. For ealelnloteof fromStoSM bhls. _ _ ■ ■ ' JOHN H CORL. Sole Agent, No. 154 North BELAWABB Ayeaae, d»B.«t« ■ . Box dB‘A-Post Olllce. XM OOD, WOOD, WOOD.—QAEIPraE, “ and HIC SOS'S WOOD, for salo at Idwsat cash nrlcce. F. D. WATSON, noaj-ia- TIKS-STSSEI wharf. PHILADELPHIA, SSnoea from *2 to *1.26. ffiP' | -•uAIMFES, rednsad from |]jsjy jj gjtais, reduced from $2.26 to MONDAY, pKINOES, reduced from ¥3 to $2, ~ : ration in the prices of all of out WINTER J now remaining on hand. ASS, SHAWLS, CLOTHS, SKIRTS, &«. .-pieces of Terr rich Single and Donble- AMSCOVCrIcS M, px-ANHELS and CASHMERES for California, f Cuba, and faf rich ROBES BE OIIAMBBES closing The prevailing prises. SEOOIm STREET.- dlated throughout ~r —— — ; : States. Not alone |A3STO HEAVY COLOREi Western Virginia, bufch.Wlne Golors ' Browne, Green Indiana, Illinois, and Sfe®iainSlHta. discoveries, and new oil oompaiSftft,, w V localities in California have yielded asubslahae" kindred to petroleum, if not in all oases the original artlole. In Texas a petroleum pond or lake is re ported to exist, and Hnmholdt Is quoted to show, that in the Spanish-American States of Venezuela and New Grenada petroleum has long been an abundant natural resource. "So with Cuba and the West Indies In general. It seems that the world is, as usual, only tardily awaking to Its hidden riches, if we may believe all the'new stories of petroleum. We give below some account of the most novel dis coveries, omitting such details as seem to assist’ private speculations;: We learn from the Pittsburg Commercial that oil discoveries are being made and found in all the sur rounding counties—Beaver, Venango, Lawrence, Clarion*, Crawford, Armstrong, Indiana, Fayette, and Greene, and even our Butler neighbifrsjare of the opinion that oil will be found In that county. They allege that all that Is wanted to discover pe troleum under tieirterritoryis the proper experi ment. A great many wells have- been commended and bored down a few hundred feet, and then aban doned by the contractors because they did not under: stand the business and lacked the proper energy. In this connection, has itever ooourroff to the people of Allegheny count; that there may be good oil terri tory fa; their midst ! If experiments were tiled along the flats, creeks; and runs of the Allegheny, Htonongahela, and Ohio valleys, there Is no reason why they should not be made remunerative. At ail events, If neither oil nor salt should be discovered, there - isy.no doubt coal can be found, and that is, bound te be the permanent paying-staple of the neighborhood. It will cost much less to try the ex periment ot boring for oil in our vicinity than it would in any of the adjoining counties. The oil fever is becoming a common complaint in Clearfield county, and, the people are fully per suaded that oil wIH be found there in abundance, A company has been organized to bore for oil at St. Mary’s, Elk county. A well was bored 300 feet, about three years ago, and then abandoned. The same company has reorganized, and is engaged fa boring the same well deeper. In Fayette county the oil excitement is,on'the in crease. New companies, says the Standard, “are being formed, and those already existing are ex-' pending. Several of our citizens have realized handsomely on their investments, and others are enjoying happy anticipations.” A PITCH LAKE IK TEXAS WITH PETBOLBUSI SPBIWO, The Mining Register contains a letter from New York which says: There Is in Texas, within one hundred miles-of Houston, a small lake, about a quarter of a mile In circumference, near the centre of which an oily liquid, petroleum, boils up from the bottom. Years ago a writer in the Houston Telegraph predicted that, at some future day, it would be valuable to the people of Texas for the production of gas for their cities. This lake is filled with bitumen or asphaltum. Undoubtedly there I® petroleum in Texas. ' Kock oil has been largely discovered in Califor nia, according to Professor Stillman, &c., on the ranehe of Ojal, near San Buena, in St, Barbara county, and the Professor believes them to be ama zingly productive. The Cincinnati Commercial learns that oil has oropped out, or been “ struck,” in the neighborhood of the Hlinoiegreat. coal field. Near the town of Gardner, sixty miles from Chicago, where a coal shaft Is turning out a liberal yield of coal, the pre cious fluid is said to have made its appearance. It is becoming positively risky for an ownerof land to sell' It till he has bored it full of holes, lest he may una wares part with “oH territory.” letters to the Mining Register state that the two most northern nationalities In South America, which border on the Caribbean Sea, oontainjm* mense reservoirs of ffilnerallpltoEiiHfirWhloh gash fountains of petroleum. Coplouß streams of petro leum’ocour on the borders of Maracaybo Lake. This lake Is 250 miles in olroumference; near Its margin Is a mine of asphaltum, “the bituminous vapors of which (says McCulloch's Geographical Go satter) are so inflammable that, during the night, phosphoric Ores are continually seen, which in their effect resemble lightning. They are more frequent during times of great heat than In 000 l weather, and go by the local name of the 1 Lantern of Mara-' oaybo.’ ” According to M. Bouslngault, the naturalist, who also published a dissertation on bitumen, there are great basins of petroleum In the valley of Magda* lena river, on the northern shores of New Grenada, 'and in Fern and Venezuela, near the coast. Alex.. Von Humboldt, In his researches and travels, 1709, says he observed at Cape Cirial, and near Cape de la Brea, a stream of naptha Issuing from mica slate. Ho also observed that the pro duct of springs In the large West India Islands covered a large surface of the sea. QXBBS’ In tiie early history of Cuba It la recorded that Havana was originally named by tW early visit ors and settlers, Oarine—* 1 for tiers wo careened our' ships, and wo pitched them with the natural tar which we found lying in abundance upon the shores' of this beautiful bay.” Petroleum springs are in number near Havana, rising from fissures in the serpentine rochs at G-uanabacoa, and have been known for two centuries. Allan’s Manual of Mi neralogy says the whole of Cuba is impregnated with bituminous matter to a surprising degree, in cells and cavities In the rooks. Note this para graph, credited to EssaiPolitiquc sur I'hle ie Cuba: “Petroleum leaks out In some, indeed In number less places In thl3 delightful Island, from amidst the fissures ,of the serpentine, and perhaps has deeply-seated sources. Wo are acquainted with abundant sprisgß of petroleum between Holguin and Mayari, In the eastern end: of the island, and also possess notices of others'in the dlreotion of Santiago de Cuba.” The entire series of the West India and Windward Islands present-phenomena of petroleum springs, beds or veins ofasphaltum, and accumulations of mineral pitch. > ‘ In the hooks, petroleum springs are of reoord cen turies old. It has been-long honored for medicinal virtues and healing charms. It was known, too, thatit was Inflammable, combustible, Illuminative. But only Jour years have passed since a knowledge of its importance as a new substance in the world’s com merce, and as anew necessity in t&e world’s wants , was knownto mankind* Fortune maybe fickle, but she is not fastidious, as is attested by her Impartial smile on the votary who hails from the-region of dripping derricks, eq.ually.wlth the dapper suitor from the stock mar /ket. Human nature, however, is, covetous, and speculation' is epidemic and cosmopolitan. Hence the Venango region Is not to be left in undisturbed possession of the market, nor will fortune confine her favors to one spot, when other localities exhibit the prodnct of their wells, and become basins la confederated Olldom, In faot, new territory has been added to the dominion of Qll as fast as Gari baldi made the conqnest of old States In the Italian revolution. And soon the general market will re ceive oil supply Atom both shores of the American continent, and from Islands In the sea,for petroleum flows from many cavities In many lands. - Over seven thousand acres of land have been leased. In Ferry county, Indiana, by a .wealthy Louisville company, for the purpose of operating In the oil business. Operations on Little Blue river, Crawford county, are also going ahead, with every promise of suocess; We likewise learn that several leases have been taken In the southeastern portion of .Harrison oounty, for the same purpose. Persons acquainted with the subject have no doubt that oil may be obtained In large quantities In many places along the southern border of the- State, and that in a few years a large business will be done. _ The Internal Kevenue —Report of tbe Commissioner. The report of the Commissioner of Internal Beve-. nue states that the amount or revenue produced by the act Of Ist July, 1864, and the supplement to it, has considerably exceeded the estimates. The law, without the amendment Increasing the tax on whisky from twenty to sixty cents per gallon, would have produced at least $100,000,000, whloh is $20,- 000,COO more than the estimates of the Secretary of the Treasury, and $15,000,000 beyond the maximum stated in the report. . The following figures show the monthly receipt! since May, 1863, prior to which date no separate a® const was kept: ■ . i May, 186?, «„•-$4,083,805.02 Dee., 1863 *0.034,501 d June...... 4,488,411 99 January, 1864.. 9,177,765 3 July. 6, 505,807 18 February 9 555.004 8 5,664,205 36 Mtrcb.......... 8,149,953 1 September .... 6,186,204 43 April 10,945,111 / October.. 9,511,768 64 Kay.... ...12,198,402) ffcyrmlier7,9sB,BB3 08 Juno.... U,091,ml The Commissioner expresses the opinion that tl law as It stood Jose 29,1884, would have yield) $126,000,000 lor the current fiscal year. The act) June 30,1864, has not thus far proved more if duotlve than the law it repealed. ) Therevenne ih August waa.that hut,...».515.712*06(4 In September 15 819,75)2 In October..."y 13,620,35*4 TEo receipts, however, do not represent the rage receipts which may he reasonably expend for the remaining eight -months of the fiscal +r. The stock of spirits on hand In July has beenjn slderably reduced, and an additional Euppiy/il soon be needed for the ,demand. The same nyb said of tobacco. * / The Commissioner then proceeds to give tfrr sons on which his opinion as to the' roves) the current year is founded. : ■ TBS incbsra TAX, It appears that the amount-of InobuMg: t looted last year was $23;058,Q38.98i k sgfgnis. k thlß .figure to represent prettyj-jClrly wKmx" -~i of three per cent, under, the pdAlslpus.ofTi Jaw would produce. OA tbK basls;h»rt J. *84,980,035 2Vas the amotmt which a lv&pl, V tax would yield. .i-r.-.-fe- ,i‘. , ■ - TAjt'bH l Spibits.,’j rl Apprehensions that Congress mai at'the iV . teg session reduce the tax on spirits, • jwywtax tINOES, reduoed from $2.60' to CALIPOBNIA, ILUKOIS. VENEZUELA AHD MEW GRENADA. NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA. TETBOLBUSI IN SOUTHERN INDIANA. MONTHLY BBCBIFTB. Of oar own manufacture, of the finest qua! makeet standard of Silver. )'m $3.50 to ALSO, ' PLATED WARE. A large and general assortment of enperior Plated Ware, So. OAt). SILVER I) on gilt and taken In exchange. HlgU* eat prices given. • de!2-18t JJOLIDAY PRESENTS. CHARLES XW3HMIC3-, &0. 813 CH»ST3S¥T STREET, Beta leave to inform Wi esteemed customers that Me present stook of , JASOT GOODS ASB ®)T| ** Scrpassea that of any former Mpbrtation. Havb e lected with care every article Mmself, he can there Is fed similar establishment ih'the 'stmutry hW As to prices, getting h!» gro<r‘ l v ahd artifoy in Eoreg -Flgiires from supporte!! by anextended conclusion of which letbat the amount of sales of ,merchandise and pro ducts to a year will be about eleven thousand mil lions—sl,loo,ooo,ooo-on which a tax of one-half of on> per cent, will produce fifty, five millions of dol lars. .... ■ 'THB TOBACCO TAX. -'Tie Commissioner then states at length the dim -cWtlrs' encountered In 'attempting to execute the provisions of the. law which imposes duties on cigars; Mid concludes - that a ohange In this part of the law Is imperatively demanded, and suggests that an ad valorem, scale bo adopted. He adds now ever, that it appears a questlon well worthy of con sideration, whether It be not advisable to tax the whole tobacco product In the leaf.. .By the adoption ofsuchameasurefrauds can be morereadlly guard ed against than now, and the annoyances to which the manufacturer is necessarily subjected by any tfllcidht scheme of assessment and collection will bd .obviated, A light duty on the leaf, accompanied by - an oAbnloreßt duty reduced- below the present rates, wotfw answer a good purpose; and. by lessening the temptation to evasion, would facilitate collection. Either measure Would bo an improvement upon the prMeßt-law. The Gommtesioner adds that there Is a general concurrence of opinion among collectors and assessors in these views. I# 18 shown that the effect of the tax on mineral. coals has been to encourage the Importation of coal from Nova Scotia, Whenoe, under the reciprocity treaty, it comes free of duty. The Oomtnlseloner suggests that if the tariff on coal were made to apply to. coal imported from the’ British Provinces, as it : would on a reolsionof the treaty, it would secure the \market to our own produoersandadd to the revenue *-ef ttn Government. - facts and arguments are adduced to ehowWnava largo .amount 01 Indian corn is shipped to Canada, freeof duty of course, under the reci procity treaty, there distilled, and then sent baok In the form'of spirits, Also that tobacco In the leaf Is thfts sent there, manufactured,and then sent bach again. The Commissioner then adds that a reclsioa ol the treaty would probably be quickly followed by an import duty on the tobacco snd corn now enter ing free, the effect of which would be to check Illicit i border traffic and savetothe Government several thousands. of dollars. The Commissioner suggests a tax of two or even three,cents per gallon on crude petroleum oil, and thinks that ttto imposition of sueh a tax, with the reduction of the tax on reaped petroleum from, twenty cents per gallon to fourteen er fifteen eents, would yield a larger revenue than is now received, and also be beneficial to small distillers. XherqueEtlon of taxing railroad iron is carefully discussed, the report showing that In the year end ing thedmportation was about one-half the Amount made in this eountry: that our own mills are able to make all wo need; and suggests whether the conditions, Which lrivito such heavy im portations of an article which gives employment so largely to our own skill and capital, do not demand legjsjaHve actionin support of the interests of the reVCNpa, especially in view of the decreased home production which they indicate. ' •£ . KAy jEBNT OX TH3 DEBT, - ThiiroßinmißMtmer closes with a statement show ißg that if the war were to end leaving us a debt of four thousand-millions of dollars, and an annual ex pendittCre or fifty per oent. more than in the year preceding the war, our present revenue" law would yield enough to pay the current expenses of the na tion,-Including the -six'per cent, interest on our debt, anti leave a surplus which would extinguish the debt in.ninety years, even with our present pro d uctibh and'population; and in half Of that ume at our/present prospective increase of production and population. This rate of taxation Is cheerfully borne by a patriotic people during the great struggle for themation’s life; but on every reasonable theory of the ffctpre it is far beyond all probable needs; and may with-safety be considerably reduced when the wafts ended, if that end be soon, -jap IN^HDIESONTimE. Trial Snd' Execnlion of Prisoners by ; . thCir Fellows, a-’rom the Boston .Ttm-Jia!, Poo o l We'have receivedftpffi Bey. 3. M. Claikponoef the delegates of.the Christian Commission, the fol io wfil|y|Stifticaiars of the execution of the prisoners, at Sumpter Brisiin, who were tried and condemned by their fallow-prisoners for robberyand murder. The statement is made by Leroy L. Key; who acted "as chief of, police, and. under whose, direction the execution took place. He says : When I arrived there were soma 4,000 prisoners) bat the number Increased till in September- there were, from 32,000 to 33,000. In August and Septem ber the deaths were from 75 to 125 per day. For a time treated each otter decently, but theres*®!* some bad iellows among them. These -bad men Increased in.nnmber, and began a series of atrqelouLßTQnga against their fellow-prisoners. 1. Thiywohld deeoy menlnto their tents with the promise of & blanket or an extra ration, or some thing dearable, and then rob and plunder them, and all resist moo was In vain, as they had the victim fully In Uelr power in their own tent. 2. Thor .wonld go out In a body, and meeting a man In't le stroet,'Would demand of him- his:money or whatever he had. If he would not give it up, it was fore d from him. If he resisted, they heat him so that 1 s,would die of his injuries. The surgeon declares that not lobb than 75 men died from this cause alse. 3. Sp« ta»g aient In the daytime, they would go -out at nsht, five or six in number, enter the tent, and with a knife or razor threaten the victim till he “ shelled out.” Some men were thus severely wound®} he&re they would “shell out.” •... fc Maiy-inen traded to make a little money to get an esßreration. These “ raiders,” goingto tho petty traf ersjnqulredof thenthow.they got alongln their business had then demanded of them a tax. saying “Intwopoursyoumhst pay US4IOO, or mere.” If the manrefused; they beat him. Tkeßothtegeran on, andbeeame worse and worse, until wtOould-bear It no longer. “Raiders” nunl , bored,afoufethe 20th of June ISO or 200, and It bo came ateelntely neoessafy for the other prisoners to takeeofo.measures for defence ;-for the “raiders swore tlaj-hy the 4th of July they would have e very cent in lamp (ft hill tbe resisters. Uptokhis time the Confederate authorities kept no order or* discipline withinrthe lines. I spoke to a few o/myfriends to organize a hand of protectors Bgains)(thßso jtaidors. Wo began to organize, and had prffieededlfo the formation of thirteen compa nies, wth thirty'men and a captain in each. Be fore thj organization was complete, I was one day walkinr on the north side of thecamp, when I saw aheadjf me the chief of tho raiders, and in pursuit of me we men,on the “ double-quick,” with knives in thte ban® The chief slapped me on the shoulfer aSdtaroed me round; saying to me : “I undentanddhat you are getttngnp a band tooloan out thp .IriaßOl replied: ‘iThe report is false and ym are-SdstakSn.” “ Well, you are getting up a tauf forJteme jrarpose; what Is It for, If not to emn buFajfWSMhi” meanwhile the five men olosedjtraapd us, forming a ring aroundCurtishnd myseli -v Ho bain, demanded to know tho object 6f the band, taaidlto himvbcldlY, “ We are organizing a band i> cle an,out'ißgrss* raiders,’ and if tyou are one of the* we iatena.-fiSgjgan.yon out.” -They did not proceai to vloiencßPKt'dthe. leader.put. his knife into hi left band ana wuh-Ma rlght hand offered to shakeiands with mo. Tiieython lot me go. ' That nighthuch ratding was done In the camp, and we heardra various quarters the cries of men, “ Help! mnrdf! ”' The oook-house was on the outside of the osbp,en the stream above, and men were de tailedfrwtt the prisoners on_paro!e of honor to do the citing. Alt rations were drawn Into the lines of thestookade ln-wagons—rations of corn bread, a fmallpleoe of pork or beef, sometimes a pint of cooksTbeans to a man, not amannting in all to enoudi lor one meal a day. Soup whs probably al lowed once a week, bat we did not get Softener thanfeeein three weeks or a month, and then It 1 was wthing but a little grease on a chip. Thioondition of the prisoners was somewhat re lieve) by the Arrival of some men oapturacLat Pty mouts wHohadjustbeeh paid of, and who brought Into lamp- thousands xOMollars. By-trading and bartiinground,-mOSt of tho men got some of this monte, ia regard it as an aot of a meroirul Frovl . denev that those,men were captured and sent to Smutch Prison, for otherwise many - more men starvation,. • TS W after' Curtis, stopped me in the street,- wordcajne thatno more rations would be sent Into famp until we delivered, up the' raiders Into the ,ands of the rotel; authorities; for they had ralda upon the wagons, and had stolen the rations Belofeftg to a- detachment on the south side of tS samp. We then perfooted the; organiza tion Jof ,our band, and .commenced seeking for fcdfeasUng the talkers. We, laid hold of 160 or ; jbo nen/ who were known to be engaged In raiding, ;lnd:'tnmed them over. Out'of this number, tho worst eje**, twenty In all, were retained outside the tamp underguard, an d the rest returned within the , itoc&da. The arrests within were continued until \be number of bad oases sent out was about 100. Captain Were selected twenty-four sergeants from boa that knew, most of the matters In dispute,and (it If this number appinted twelve jurymen and a :d«e advocate. Tho attorneys on both sidesjwere ipllnted by the judge advocate, whose name was eMrMoOullarj or (he Bth Missouri. ' - Tile aejmsed fiad-a falr-and just trial, and eleven . on wftrproved guilty, but the chief: criminality Id upßn aix men, of whom.Curbls was the leader, mese mm were sentenced to. be hung, and General tinder approved of tho sentence, and ordered me b erect a scaffold and Superintend the execution, t procured the lumber where I wastdlreoted, and with a detail of men erected the scaffold, ana made ill ready. The time fixed for the execution was Monday, 4 o’clock P. M., July 11,1804. When the men were brought In and turned over to: ns,"Oapt.. Were tookhls guards outside and left the prisoners, the convicted,criminals, lnfour charge. My guards were armed,with a stout oiub, fastened to the right wrißtby a,cor<J. Six men.were appointed 'execu tioners; and each took his stand upon the stage be hind the criminal. ; k . s s Mott of the criminals wereKomanGathollcs, and a priest came in.to attend them. Htf requested us to have meroy upon the men, and earnestly "'plead for them; and after, he had got througjrourtla asked me to Spare him. as he had neverdonemeanyhann. I told him it was'not for me to pafdoh him; I was appointed to see that the men were hung; but If he had any thing to say I would hear his oonfeseion on the scaffold: Then he said he wonld not stand It, and made a break for the lines, and ran about the camp until he was recaptured, He was brought back perfectly exhausted. . While Curtis was absent, theethororfminals were taken On to the eoaffold.-and the ropes placed around their necks, the ex ecntloners standing behind them. Immediately after Curtis was brought back, he was delivered to his executioner, and taken one to the scaffold likewise. No confessions were made, but the men disposed of the property, and Ourtis gave his watch to-the priest, Father Whalen., .. A,vast number of the 33,000 prisoners of war were' assembled around the soatfold. At length the order Was given to pull tbe trigger, when five of them swung off .and met their death. One rope broke and . the prisoner was lnjured by the fall. He was brought cep-again, the rope adjusted, and .asthe drop was disarranged he was pnßhed off and met his death: ThWierrlble example put an end to raiding; .and the prisoners were Ico more troubled with the as saultaand depredations.,of the highhanded seoun tdrels. There were, however, a large number r of men ' who olsapproved'of the trial and exochtion-fromi whom trouble was anticipated, as it wasfeareq that • at the execution a crowd would arise and attempt'to i jessuetfioottolaais. A saHaess as of: death per; 12, 1864. COAT. Arm COBH. TAX ON PETROtBUST. UAitBoAD iron. ' ■’-if seemed as If the influence of a breath ' 'ye let loose the sympathisers with vested the execuoion. But the was triumphantly completed. BIHDS A wf,executioners were imme- V lines, and a new chief OOF 1 KOHTII' . , Justices. 'natural gift for These works, as ft whole, areit from mo whole othgr of the BUKO charastor onnarkable Instance The'birds are represented In irilnanartloloon or on the plants tmi trees meat eie bad altogether thus present!** a rare varlsif- vlz . Jolul j mat» and seasons” asof Suing, Oliver Ellsworth, lo Th^» C r C eat d uHfum’ a?? s'® r B - TanB r- ° f tios «> the p'-' s ' r appointed chief justice by Fre fand mouc'gton, and took his seat on the bench, thinea ?*°ted by the Senate, and William push , -appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, but never aotodas chief justice. He held his commission only about a week, and then resljgnecton account of 111 health. Thb case of Mr. Eutledge was as follows: Mr. Jay, while absent In Europe, In 1794, negotiating the British treaty, was elected Governor of this State. Washington, anticipating his resignation of the office, tendered the place to Mr. Hut-lodge, and on the receipt of Jay’s resignation In Jane, 1795, Immediately commissioned him. The Intelli~ ger.cer says: The appointment or the President and the promul gation of the British treaty as negotiated by Jay and ratified by the Senate, reached Charleston, the rest; lienee of Rutledge, about the same time. The in dignation of the majority of the people of Charles ton at the terms of the treaty knew no bounds, and Bntledge, sharing in this popular sentiment, ad dressed an excited assemblage on the subjeotln lan guage of reprehension and reproach, which symbo lized with the most violent diction of President Washington's political opponents. As Judge Rutledge had been a no less trusted than able member of the Federal party, his "im prudent sally,” as Alexander Hamilton styled It, .was read-with “paln,-surprlse,and mortification.” Hamilton took up his pen In reply to Rutledge's on slaught on the treaty, and the entire Federal party, not knowing that ho had received the appointment of Chief Justice before he .had taken his stand against the convention of Jay, was indignant at his defection, or at the false complaisance of the Presi dent, as some supposed, when the intelligence of hia -appointment was made public, without its being known that the honor had been tendered to him be fore his opposition to the treaty was Indicated. - In August, ITB6, Mr. Rutledge proßlded lathe Supreme Court. In November he started to hold a circuit in North Carolina, when he was overtaken by sickness, and- his mind gave way. The rumor of his Jailing health, conspired with the political rancor of the Federal majority in the Senate to procure his rejection by that body. “The Senate’s refusal to confirm his appointment,” says his biographer, “extinguished the last spark of his ■ sanity;" and he died in 1800. FEKSOMI. The Emperor Maximilian has written a letter to’ the Mexican Secretary of State, dated Nov 3d, la which he says: On returning from my laborious journey Into the departments of the Interior, during which I have received, la every city, town, and village, the sincerest proofs of sympathy, and the most cordial enthusiasm, I have derived two Im portant truths. The first is, that the empire Is a fact, firmly based upon the firm will of the Immense majority of the nation, and that In It there Is de-< picted a form of government of real progress, and one tbat suits best the wants of the people. The second Is, that thlß immense majority la de sirous of peace, tranquillity, and justice—bless-, logs that It Aspects, and anxiously asks lof my Government, and which I, keeping In view my sacred duties to God and the people who have ohosen me, am resolved to give them. Jußtlce will have for Its foundation institutions suitable to the epoch, and in whlsh I am laboring »wlthvuncc3slng zeal. To re-establish peace and tranquillity through all this fine, extenslvejcountry; and to promote, with speed Its prodigious riches, my Government is determined to employ all its efforts and energy. If, until now, it has shown forbearance to Its political adversaries, to allow them time to know, the national will and unite themselves to it, henceforth It Is under the imperious obligation to combat them, for their banner no longer bears' a political creed, but Is only a pretext for rob bery and My duties of sovereign oblige me to protect the people with an am of iron; and, In order to Correspond to the wishes loudly expressed from all parts, we declare, as head of the nation,- with a-fidl eonclousness of our saered mission and of the duty imposed upon us, that all the gangs of armed men who still infest some parts of our beautiful Country, desolating it, disturbing and threatening the hard-working citizen In his la bor 'and liberty, must be considered as bands of banditti, and fall, la consequence, under theinflexl-. ble and: inexorable severity of the law. We there fore command all fUnqUonaries, magistrates, and military commanders of the nation to pursue and, destroy them with all their power. If our Govern went respects every political opinion,.it cannot tole rate criminals who break the first of liberties whloh it is called upon to protect—that of parson and that of property.” • A list of the officers whohave held the position of generabin.chlef of the armies of the United States Since the formation of the Republic comprises ~ the following names: . . _ . Brevet Brig. Gen. .To3lah Hannar, from Sept Cm-' her, 1789 i to March, 1791. Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Olalr, from March; 1791; to March, 1792. Maj. Gen. Anthony Wayne, from Match, 17®, to December, 1796. Brig. Hen. .Tames Wilkinson, from December, 1796, to July, 1798. Bleut. Gen. George Washington, from July, 1798, to December, 1799. Maj. Gen. James Wilkinson, (again) from June, 1800, to January, 1812. Maj. Gen. Henry Dearborn, from January, is 12, to June, 1815. Maj. Gen. Jacob Brown, from June, 1815, to February, 1828. ffisj. Gen. Alexander Macomb, from May, 1828, to Juno, 1811. Brevet Lieut. Gen. Winfield Scott, from June, 1841, to November!, 1861, - - Maj. Gen. George B. McGleHan, from November Ist, 1861, to July 23dj1862. ... Maj. Gen. Henry W. HallOClc, from July 23,1862, to'March 12,1864. . IJeut. Gen. TJ. S. Grant, from Maroh 12 th, 1884, The Panama Herald says that information has been received in San Francisco lately to the effect that Dr, Gwln, formerly United States Senator from California, has obtained, through the influence of the Emperor Napoleon, and in his interest, a com mission from Maximilian as Governor General of the State of Sonora; with authority to Induce emi gration and settle the country, and power to' grant lands. —Wo learn from good authority that Admiral D. G. Farragutis now onhlß way to New York, on tho flagship Hartford, and that the command of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron has been turned over temporarily to Commodore: James S. Palmer In all probab!H6y : the Admiral;,.who has been re commended for the new rank of vloe admiral, will not return again to the scene of his glorious ex ploits. —Jem Mace has written a letter to the editor of Wilkes’ Spirit Indicating his purpose to visit Ameri ca on a sparring tour, if he should receive encou ragement to do so.. He engages to exhibit his holt and cups, seven in number; adds in a postcript that he has lately sparred before the Prince of Wales and the elite of British nobility, and thinks that h!s engagement in this country would bo highly auo oessful, .' A large number of dlatingnished persons wit nessed the performance of the opera of the “ Jewess” on Friday night in Washington, among whom were the Secretary of State and Mrs. Frederick W, Seward, accompanied by Major General Hancock; Chief Justice Chase and daughters, accompanied by Colonel Tompkins, Chief of Artillery of the 6th Army Corps; Major General Banks and Mrs, Banks.; the Hon. Mrs. Douglas, widow of the late Senator Douglas, attended by Colonel Cutts, of General [Halleck’s staff; the President’s private Bcoretary, Nicolay, and assistant private secre tary, Hay; Major General'Doubleday and Mrs. Doubleday; Mr. Edward do Stoeokl, the Russian Minister,and wife; Senor Asta Buruaga, Charge d> Affaires of Chill, and wife; Do Geoffray, and Connt De Colbert, and others of tbe French lega tion; and several members of the British Legation, Gen. Steele, recently in command of the De partment of Arkansas; Is said, by a correspondent of the Chloago Tribune, to have been removed be cause of his conservative policy, his negllgenoe, mid Inefficiency . This Is doubtful. Chief Justice Chase Is the author of the phrase, “ Congress has no more power to make a slave than to make a king.” The contained In one of the resolutions adopted by the National Liberty (Free-Soil) Convention held at Buffalo, in 1856. Mr. Chase wrote most of the resolutions of this Conven tion. t In noticing the organisation of Hancook’s new corps, the Harrisburg Telegraph pays theYollowlng handsome tribute to the General: “it Is not say ing too much, when we assert, that of all the young oommanderain the armies of the Republic Major General Hancock is the most popular, personally, with the rank and file. He Is the youngest major gentral in the service. He has iufiicted more hea vy blows on the enemy, than any officer under the new lieutenant general. During the first opera tions be.ore Petersburg; when the immense plans were developing on the Weldon Railroad, Major General Hanoook seems to have been the only offi cer who could properly oarry out the purposes of his great leader, as he was entrusted with the direction of ali the great movements then made.” The Greensbnrg Intelligencer informs us that Hob. Edgar Cowan voted for Lincoln, and that he. will be found, in the senate, upon the hide of the President’s friends. ' Dr. Mary E. Walker has received the appoint ment of acting surgeon in the army, and has as sumed duty as surgeon In tho female military pri son in Louisville. ' , : Mr. J. F. Weir, the artist, is engaged in paint ing a singular subject—a large picture of the Inte rior of tho foundry at West Point, with the work men engaged In ousting one of the Parrott guns. —On the 30th nit. Robert Smith, private in the 7th Ohio Cavalry, waß shot through the head while bravely discharging Mb duty on the banks ot Duck river. Sergeant T. J. Smith, his brother, a member of the oth- Illinois Volunteers, was killed at the bloody battle of Resaoa, on the march to Atlanta. Colonel Smith, of. the SOtH Illinois Volunteers, the sole surviving brother of the gallant dead, is now In Nashville with a wound yet unhealed. The father of these three brothers, an bid man of sixty-three years ofage, Is now e private in the 2d Kentuohy Volunteers. . . . ; : A Novel “Dbab-Head.”— On Conductor Kin carde’e train, on the New York Central last" night, a ledv with avast oironmferenoe Of hoop oooupieda 'whole seat asthe oarswentout of this ofty. Taking up tickets.the conductor evidently sußpectod some 'thins when he came to this latfy, and politely re- L quested her to rise, as he thought she ww sitting or FOUR CBRTS. something which had been left on the seat. She de murred, and ho insisted. She said she wouwt, and he said she must, and finally she did, and not only that, hut she stepped out into the aisle, blush'igtre mendously, and insisting that she “didn’t Show' it,” when, lo and behold! a bouncing bibo oTtho mele persuasion, only sixteen years old, was dis covered curledup.on the floor! Hew the delightful creature had got there was a mystery to her, si* course—as much bo as was the presence, to Joseph,’ of a oiitcSen in Joseph’s hat. -The lady was about' to anathematize the young gentleman in the most approved manner of injured virtue, hut he took the worde out of her mouth by pleading piteously, “Please now, Auntie, pay my fare.”' Auntie did.— Schenectady star. The Bights of Colored Passengers, (From the Friends’ lutelligenher. ] In San Francisco, in the Twelfth District Court of California, Judge O. C. Prott presiding,-.an inte resting case oamo up for settlement on the 2d alt. A colored woman, who had been forcibly ejeoted from a horse car, had applied for redress, and the answer of the company to the court was, that their. rulo| prohibited a negro or mulatto person from riding to their-conveyanoes. The plaintiff moved to strike out this rule. . . . . ■ The Judge approached the subject as one iof great public interest, and comparatively new t S the judi cial record. He remarked that “this absence of precedent excites but little wonder .when It is re* membered In how light esteem negro or mulatto persons have been holden for near two hundred years by the-ayhltes, In whose control have been placed and exeroissd the law-making and law-con struing powers of the land.” He spoke of the In justice of the Dred-Scott decision, and paid, “It has been already quite too long tolerated by the dominant race to see with indifference the negro Or mulatto treated as a brute, insulted, wronged,' enslaved, made to wear a yoke, to tremble be-, fore white men, to serve him as a tool, toehold property and life at his will, to surrender-to him his Intellect and conscience, and tor.seal his Ups and belle his thoughts through dread of the white man’s power. Was not the Govern ment ordained to defend the weak against the strong; to exalt right above might; and to assure the rights of each and all. however low ly or exalted, and to make them, as far as possible, inviolate 1 And, finally, is what is aßked b; defendant in this ease anythingt-less than to make the court an in strument ai power to trample upon right; and, If .this is true, what support is offered us in so doing, ex cept the invocation of prejudices which have no holier origin than to brutal propensities, and a wil lingness to assist In-perpetuating a relic of barbar ism i” In reply to the plea that companies had a right to regulate their own operations, the Judge observed: “ That railroad companies have a right to mhke rules for the proper management of their business Is undoubted; but it is denied that such power ex tends to the establishment of regulations whereby, in effect, they provide and declare that duties im posed upon them by law shall not be performed. To regulate the mode of transacting their legitimate business Is one thing, hut to refuse through such re gulation the performance of their just duties la an other and very different thtag.” After proving that the law whloh binds common oarriere doee not admit the excuse of ooior for the non-performance of duty, the Judge concluded la these words: “ Opposition to doing a duty thought by the eourt to he unmistakably enjoined on-toe de fendant, resting solely on prejudice against plain tiff’s color and race, and the fancied or real ahaenoe of profit to defendant’s business, should the duty be performed, ean hardly be expected to receive coun tenance or assistance.from tribunals established to enforce rights and redress wrongs. If public opinion on this subject is stronger than the law, let it take the form of embodiment in legislation, and then it can receive judicial recognitiony but, in the mean time, our province is to judge plaintiff’s legalrlghts, and defendant’s duties, as we find them. “ Let the motion, therefore, to strike out be al lowed.” Notwithstanding the Increasing evidences of the desire to render to our colored population their just rights, they are still excluded from the common means of transit afforded by our street cars. It is well for us to examine how far regulations, so ma terially affecting the comfort ana convenience of one portion of, our citizens, are lu accordance with the civil law, or with that-principle of justice and fight which should-govern us on all occasions. Price of Coal. To the Editor of The Tress ; - Sik : The proprietor of the rolling-mill at Gray's Ferry, for the accommodation of Ms hands, con cluded to buy coal for them, and furnish it at cost. A boat-load was ordered, and delivered on his wharf for $6 60, Including all expenses. How Is it that the pnblic are compelled to pay $ll and $l2 for the same coal! Healers here complain that the “Beading Bail road ” take an unfair advantage of the necessities of the public. As this road asked last summer, and obtained from the United States Government, power to prevent their being compelled to pay exorbitant rates, might not suffering .Philadelphia claim pro tection oithe Government from the monopoly of the railroad company 1 P. , Fhh.abbi.phia, Bee, 9,1864. THE OITSTi WHo ShaU Bule! There can he. no reasonable doubt that the great majority of the people of Philadelphia would like to see our streets well pavea and clean, our ride walks In good repair and unencumbered, and.evary man occupying hisown premises wlthouttraspaßslng on the rights of his neighbor-or the public. This majority has expressed its will on this subject through Its representatives in Councils, and its decision has been published in the shape of an ordi nance proMbitingoertato unlawful uses of the public thoroughfares for private advantage. ... This ordinance is violently opposed by parties who are and have been fora long time todulging-them selves In an unlawful use cf ground which does not belong to them, and among other arguments em ployed In support of their opposition is, that they have no place of their own to wMch to display their goods, and therefore they occupy the public high way for the purpose. One man does business in a oellar, (and who .does not know that a cellar is no place to exhibit wares with avlew to attract passing custom 1) and so, forsooth, he spreads them out on the sidewalk, which has been set apart for publio nee. if he should take the farther liberty of spreading an awning over them it . would be justifiable on , the same principle, and if this was insufficient for their protection,-why hot build a roof of' shingle or- slate 1 la other words, why not extend his ceßanroom upward and outward to the curbstone! And we can suppose a case to which a still more plausible claim will be urged. A poor man, rich to a numerous brood of chil dren, finds scarcely room to turn round among them. The addltjon of a few feet, or even room enough for a cooking-stove and -wash-tub, would baa great re lief, and why should he not be allowed, with, this nest of unfledged American citizens on his hands, to, extend Ms premises two or three feet, leaving a space for.peopie to pass without being bespattered with grease or soap-suds 1 Surely, a poor man has rights as well as the rich—the occupant of a cellar as well as the owner of a store. Again, aluntber-clealerprospers and finds thethree or four acres of bis yard insufficient to store Sis large stoat, and be piles mp two dr three sides of the street adjoining bis yard with bis surplus boards. Sup pose tbe blacksmith would like to bate an extra forge and anvil outside of bis shop, ora carpenter bis workbench, could they not make ont as good a case as the grocer or tho junk-dealer ? When a bu siness grows too large for one’s premises ha does not step over upon bis neighbor’s ground, but either re duces his business or buys a large lot or building. If the drayman’s stable will accommodate only two horses, be does not buy another and put him In a stall ofbla neighbor without Ms leave. Yet this Is just what many are doing, and they oppose the new ordinance because it wm interfere with this wrong practice of theirs. , IVe are all very selfish, and In our eagerness to accomplish our lawful purposes wo are very apt to overlook the interests or disregard the rights of. others. There is an embryo, principle of Secession oftentimes discoverable where it would not be ac knowledged. When we have bad our own way a good while, It comes very hard to let other people have their way, If it interferes with ours, though ours may beau'wrong and theirs aU right. This terrific war of our, with all Its train of borrow, is nothing more nor less than tbe result of a wicked determination of certain people to have their own way. The Constitution of the Government, the laws of the land, the Interests of the large masa of their fallow-citizens, and of the civilized world, were of less consequence, in their view, than the carrying out of their own selfish and ambitious designs. It Is olearly the duty of every good citizen to yield his ■ private interests to the public will, when fairly ex pressed by the constituted authorities of the city He must be submissive to the laws,,if he would claim their protection. If he would resist encroach, meats on Ms property he must cease to encroach on mine. I have a right to a free passage over every inch of ground appropriated to the puhUo highway, and my neighbor may as lawfully take the whole of the slde-walkj and force me to go on the cobble stones as he can take a foot or an Inch. ! Our late glorious triumph of loyalty and right over treason and -wrong inspires the hope that on this smaller scale of municipal policy our charter and ordinances wttl be sustained, and that the car dinal principle of securing the greatest good to tho greatest number will not bo overslaughed because of the clamor or resistance of tresspassers or their allies. UIUTAItT. Hancock’s Ist COBPS. The follo'wlng circular wIU explain Itself: HBADQUABTBBB IST ABUT COBPB, Washington, D. C., December a, 186*. - OIHCUhAH NO. 2. . • In reply to the numerous letters, of Inquiry from persons desiring to enter the Ist Corps, now being raised, the following is communicated as embodying all the information yet obtained: I—AS TO BNI.IBTED JTBN. 1. AU enlistments and musters in are to be made in thisolty. ‘i ■ 2. Any veteran, who has served two years, has been honorably discharged, and is physically. quali fied, may enlist in tha corps for one, two, or three years. 3. Those enlisting will receive from the Govern ment.a bounty of s3ooas soon as they are mustered in, and, in addition, the regular Instalments from the Government, In proportion to the period of en listment, as follows:; $lOO for one year’s service, one-third paid on enlistment: $2OO for two year’s service, one-third on enlistment; $3OO for three year’s service, one-tMrd on enlistment. • „ *, They will be credited to the quota of the dis trict in wMoh they.or their families may he domi ciled, and will, therefore, be to local bounties. . » ~ „ * 8. Free transportation will be furnished them to Washington bv any provost, marshal. It is only necessary that the applicant should satisfy the pro vost marshal that he comes under the provisions of paragraph 2,ond that the application Is made in goodfaith. , ; . 6. On arriving in Washington, and reporting at the Soldiers’ Best, Baltimore and OMo Railroad depot, veterans will be eared for and enlisted and paid promptly. They will be sent to the camp _of organization at Camp Cllffburno, and will bo formed into companies and regiments as they arrive—per sonal preferences being regarded when the good of the service will permit. 7. The best arms In the possession of the Govern ment will be furnished these troops, and they will be allowed to retain their arms when honorably dis charged. n—AS TO OTOIOBBB. ' 1. Persons desiring commissions must make writ ten application to "the Adjutant General of the army, setting forth their post-offleo address, the dato of original entry Into service, and with what rank, the organization in whloh service was ren dered, the date and cause of discharge, and the rank at the time of discharge. Testimonials from com mandersmay accompany suoh applications. 2, Should, the papers be favorably considered, the SHE WAR PRESS, J cfublishbb WEEKLY.) Ts» Wax Pbhbb wiU be teat to •übsoriherz by ~ . mail (per annum in advance) at.-,.,—-. ..—.s3 O t/f Three —...—„. • <M> •to e0p1ea..—................... g oo Teucoples.^..— —........—.............. 13 00 Barter Club, than Ten wIE M charted at tta same 81.30 per copy. always aceatnyomn fits orderi and «« no can these terms Bd deviated from, at - they afford vem Uitle more than (8t east of paper. are requested Ja a*t as aceutsfor Tins Wax Faxes. . ’ «■ To the retter-np or th» Club of ton or twenty, m extra copy of the Paper will he riven. . applicants will be severally notified, bymau or tele* graph, when to appear before the examining board, established by the War Department, and will re* ceive appointments to such grades as tho’War De partment may determino, 3. As coon as the letters of appctotmentcra given officers may be detailed to secure the enlistment of a certain number of veterans—their with rank and nay from date of aceßptanceref Ap pointment, being given when the men arS sedfired. It should he understood that the enlistments areto . he consummated here, and an officer can do no more than to use Ms influence In persuading the montto pome, here and enlist. . Officers awaiting action on their paper® can occu py the time in this way, and collect parties and send them on, securing a statement as to the number from the provost marshal. The proper ofedit will in all eases be given suoh officers. The actual and necessary expenses of such offi cers will be 'refunded to them. ° Bao By orderof Major General Hancock. ' FintEY Akbkbsoit, , Assistant Acjatant General, BOUNTIES'TO VOLUNTEERS The following amounts have been expanded by the eity for bounties to volunteers since the commence ment of the war: In 1862, $376.998 89: in 1853. $165,950; t 0.1564, *0,266,551.71. Total, $6,798,600. This is an excess of $1,640,600 over the loans created for the purpose. NATAL. NAVAL APPOINTMENT. Commander Bead Warden, executive officer at tha £2:3? *5 r< *’ l ; een appointed captain of the fleet under Com. Strihling. He is succeeded by Captato John P. Glllla as executive officer at the navy yard. aOSGKLLASfLOIJS. ) THE SANITARY COMMISSION. - It is well known that the United States Sanitary Commission does not confine its efforts to the relief of soldiers, but'takes an interest in the welfare ef their families. By application to Its Solicitor, the widows and families of soldiers can have the legal business connected with the drawing of the Govern* ment pensions transacted gratis, and as the greater the publicity of this fact the greater the good, wb print the following card: ’ The undersigned takes great pleasure lu tout publicly acknowledging the courtesy and disinte rested kindness of W. N. Ashman, Solicitor of the United States Sanitary Commission, in procuring for her in the hour pf her need the pension to which, she was entitled as the widow of the late Oaptala John D. Sloan, of Company I 26th Regiment Form sylvatlia Volunteers, who fell while gallantly lead ing his men at the battle of Mine Run, Virginia. Although from her position, as the relict of a bravo soldier, she would be justified in asking the conside ration of those delegated to carry out the beneficent provisions for the relief of the widows and orphans of the fallen brave, she was unprepared for the ex ceeding kindness of the’officer having that duty to perform, and in thus acknowledging his merit, the feels that she is not only discharging a simple duty but that she Is manifesting toe gratitude which to him is strictly due. Mrs. toss SnOAW. Pbh.abbx.vhia, Dec. 9,1864. THE UNION PASSENGER RAILWAY. We learn that an experimental trip will be mada on the Union Passenger Railway to-day or to-mor row, for the purpose of ascertaining the qualities of the road, and If it is in running order. Next Thure* day the grand opening will take place, to a stylo commensurate with the energy of toe gentlemen, who control the affairs of the . company. The rail way extends over a vast portion of our city, and for a short time, at least while the novelty lasts, many persons will take a ride thereon simply (or the plea sure or the excursion. This road has many advan tages over any other to PhiladelpMa. it passes by many eminent or prominent buildings, parks, pub lic and private institutions, with which thousands In our city are not even familiar. The Union Company, therefore, will afford a complete panora mic view of toe important parts of our city that glva life, character, and influence to Philadelphia. The route was originally published to The Press about one month since. NATIONAL SKATING PARK. The attention of the reader IS directed to the ad vertisement, in this day’s Press, of the Na tional Skating Park, at Columbia avenue and Twenty-first street. The pork possesses every advantage necessary to such an institution, such as eomfbrt and .convenience. Competent persons, it will be seen, will ha present at stated hours, when toe season permits, to give in struction in toe beautiful, health-invigorating, and graceful art of skating. Exercise of this kind to many thousands of our citizens would add twenty five per cent, to the term of their lives. ACKNOWLEDGMENT. The “City Pastor” desires The Press to acknow ledge the reception of toe following additional con tributions for toe relief of families of volunteers : Anonymous, $10; “ Friend to the Unfortunate,” ssi H.M.K.,52. * FIREMEN’S MATTERS. The following companies have already endorsed the nomination of David M. Lyle for the position of Chief Engineer of toe Fire Department, viz : United Stateß Hose, Assistarije Steam Fire En gine, Friendship Engine, Humane Hose, Monroe Steam Fire Engine, Kingsessing Engine, Cohoek rink Hose and Steam Fire Engine, Ringgold Hoses Washington Engine of Germantown, Washington Steam Fire Engine of Frankford, Independence Steam Fire Engine, Hand in Hand Steam Fire En gine, Franklin Steam Fire Engine. The Tivoli Hose Company have purchased a pro perty en Coates street: near Twenty-first, and in tend erecting a suitable building for the accommo dation of their apparatus thereon. The Columbia Hose Company housed «£ir new carriage last week. “ 'FIRES. During the snow storm that prevailed on Satur day morning. there were three ftres, one of whloh did considerable damage. About one o’clock a one story frame stable, at the northeast corner of Six teenth and Pearl streets,. Fifteenth ward, was de stroyed by fire. The building belonged to Thomas Little. -Four horses. tWo valued at $2OO each, and two at SHO each, perished in toe flames. They were owned»by Alexander Nelder, Wm. Layeoek, Pat. . Sharler, and Thomas Ford. A quantity of gears and feed was also destroyed. The total loss was about $BOO, upon which there Is no insurance. At half-past one o’clock a fire broke out to a dou ble two-storied frame building in toe rear of Otis street, near Amber, in the Nineteenth ward, owned and occupied by John Lackey, carpet-weaver. Thu bunding contained sixteen hand-looms, a large amount of material and stock in process of manu facture, and a quantity of finished goods. The structure and Its contents were entirely destroyed. The flames extended to another two-story frame building, also owned and occupied by Mr.'Lackey. This was considerably damaged, and toe stock and machinery were raueh Injured by water. The loss of Mr. Lackey is partially covered by insurance In New York companies. The property is surrounded on three sides by dwelling.houses, and on the other by frame stables and coopef.shops. A Strong wind was prevailing at the time of toe fire, and but tOc the snow on toe roofs and the storm, there would, have been a serious conflagration. At three o’clock a fire was discovered In a twfi storied building located on a small street running from Milton street, below Eleventh, in the Taira ward. The structure was owned and occupied by William W. Harley as a soap manufactory. In tire upper portion a quantity ofhay was stored. Thu building was pretty well demolished. An adjoining brick dwelling, owned and occupied by John Smith, urns damaged in toe upper part, and two or three dwellings on Eleventh afreet sustained some in jury by water. The total loss isahout $1,600, upon which, there is no insurance. On Saturday -afternoon, about hair past five o’clock, a fire was discovered in the Ebenezer M. E. Church, on Thirteenth street, near Vine. A few buckets of water extinguished the flames. The alarm of fire at 6 o’clock on Saturday eve ning was caused by the burning of a barrel of oil la the machine-shop of N. B. Archambault, at Beach and Vienna streets. A lighted candle, taken near the barrel, caused its Ignition. Mr. Archambault and his engineer were badly injured while endeavor ing to extinguish the flamos. The loss will be about. $2,000. . BURNED, On Friday night last Julia Impor, ten years of age, was severely burned by her olothes taking fir* from a stove, at her home, 113* Bombard street. RAILWAY ACCIDENT. On Saturday evening Francis McDonald, 45 years of age, was crowded from the platform of a oar, at Eighth and Green streets, ana had his foot badly crushed. He was taken to his home, at 1839 North Sixth street. THE POLICE. CBefore Mr. Alderman Morrow. 3 PASSING AN ALTERED NOTE. A female, giving the name of Ruth French, was arraigned on Saturday on the charge .of having passed a United States Treasury one-dollar note, altered to $lO. She was committed to answer. DESPERATE FIGHT. A desperate fight occurred on Saturday evening, at the malt house, on OallowMll street, near Near Market, between a number of men. One of the par ties was so badly beaten that he was not expected ta recover. Several arrests were made, and the par ties were locked up in the Eleventh-ward station house to await a hearing. . .["Before Mr. Alderman Welding,] TAKING NEWSPAPERS.. An oldtman was arrested yesterday morning ott tho charge of stealing -newspapers from a stand near Ninth and Chestnut streets. • It is alleged that he has been doing this at times for several months. The aocnaed was -looked up; but 'the owner, re garding the theft as very petty, refused to appear* He simply desired the prisoner to keep away from Ms place. The accused was discharged on entering ball to be of future good behavior. THE COURTS. Snpvcme Court at Nisi Feins—Justice This court was in session for a short time on Sa turday, and after disposing of afew unimportant rules and motions adjourned.. To-day (Monday), jury trials for the Daosmbat sessions will begin. , Court of Common Fleas—Jndges'LpuUow . and Thompson. In this court decisions were rendered by Judge Ludlow upon certain motions and rules, when the usual Saturday’s motion lists were called. Court of Qnnrtcr Sessions—Jndge Allison. The session of the court was occupied with tho hearing of habeas corpus cases. Among those heard was that of Robert J.Hmne, asking to bedtecharged of a charge of the laroeny of $2,600, the property of a man named McLaughlin, the keeper of a tavern. Locust street, near Eighth. The latter testified that the money lost was in a trank in his bed-room ; that on Thanksgiving night, at about 10 o’clock, the room was entered, the trunk forced open, and the money taken. The defendant, aa MnT.«.w e i,Hn tes tified, was in the tavern on that night, and two or three days thereafter came in and presented at the bar a one-dollar note, which McLaughlin Identified, as one, amongtimse ne had lost, because of the pe culiar manner in wMch a piece of paper had been, pasted on the back. The Judge thought this testimony sufficient ta show a ease requiring explanation before a jury, and accordingly remanded the accused for trial. Another case touohing tbe custody of a little girtj, about eight or nine years old, was heard on habeas corpus. The writ was issued at the Instance of the mother, tie child being now in Hie custody of the father, one J. MoElhare. He resists the applica tion of the mother for the possession of the girt Upon the allegation that her mode of life renders her an unfit person to rear or have charge of a child; that she tea woman of dissolute habits, and house on South Tenth street.. He also alleges that no oeiemony of marriage was ever performed-be tween them, and. that she has no right to bear his name. These allegation's are an denied f« toio by Mrs. McEUtore, alias Alice Dunn, who avers that she IS the lawful wife of this man; that the house she keep* Is a respectable boarding house, carried on by her for a subslstence, whiohhor husband has faOad t» provide. She alleges further that hor husband la payingoourt to another woman, whom. if he can ac complish Ms object In this case, it is his design ta 10 The ease, without being concluded, went over un- > "rhere further of interest, and tbs court adjourned.
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